®l)e Cancastct Intelligencer GEO. SANDERSON, EDITOR A» SANDERSON* Associate. LANOASTER, PA., AUGUST 2, 1859. CIRCULATION, 3000 COPIES! Subscript!car Prigs, $2,00 per annum. 49* S. SL PxnxzrGiiL 4 Co.’s Apvxßnsma Aassci, 119 Nassau street, New York, and 10 State street, Boston. 8. M. PrrmrQiLL k Co., are Agents for The Lancaster Intelligencer, and the most influential and largest circula ting. Newspapers in the United States and the Canadas.— They are authorized to contract for as at our lowest rates DEMOCRATIC STATE NOMINATIONS. AUDITOR GENERAL: RICHARDSON L. WRIGHT, Phtlada. SURVEYOR GENERAL: JOHN ROWE, Franklin. COUNTY COMMITTEE MEETING. The Democratic County Committee of Lancaster County 'will meet at the public house of Emanuel Shober, in the City of Lancaster, on WEDNESDAY, the 24th day of AU GUST, at 11 o’clock, A. M. Every member is requested to attend, as business of importance will be transacted. H. B. SWARR, Lancaster, August 2, 1859. Chairman. tlemen constitute the Com- The following named genl Adamstown—E. Redcay, jr. Bart—Amos Rockey. 8. E. W.—Geo. M. Kline. 8. W. W.—Jacob F. Kautz. Brecknock —R. E. Shober. Caernarvon—Jacob Yohn. Lancaster twp.—B. Huber. Lampeter E.—J. L. Lightner. Lampeter W.—Sam’l Long. Leacock—John L. Lightner. Clay—John Elser, Esq. CoUraln— A. Whiteside. Leacock U.—Dr. A. S. Bare. Little Britain—M. Reynolds. Manheim twp.—B. Eby. Columbia, N. W.—T. Welsh. « 3. W.—F. H. Ebur. Cocalico E.—Cyrus Ream. Manheim Bor.—J. E. Cross. Cocalico W.—J. Reinhold. Manor—George G. Brush. Martic—Wm. N. Oibson. Marietta—Charles Kelly. Mt. Joy twp.—J. Nichols. Mt. Joy 8.-J. 11. Brenneman. Paradise—Dr. J. J. Strawu. iPenn—H. R. Hull. Conestoga—B am’l 8. Welßh. Conoy—Emanuel Nagle. Donegal E. —P. J. Albright. Donegal W.—Henry Funk. Drumore—John McSparran Karl—Dr. Samuel Riugwalt Karl East—Geo. Duchman. Earl West—Jacob Knsser, jr.iPequea—Christian B. Krb. Ephrata—P. M.Heitler. 'Providence—Dr. J. K. Raub. Elizabeth—John Elser, jr. ißapbo—H. B. Becker. Elizabethtown—J. A. GrossJstrasburg B.—W. T. McPbail. Eden —Heniy H. Breneraan.'Strasburg twp.—F. Clark. Fnlion—Samuel Wicks. !Salisbury—T. W. Henderson. Hempfleld E.—Dr. 8. Parker.;Badsbury—A. Townsend. Hempfield W.—J. M. Weller.! Warwick—t. Licbtenthaler. City, N.W.W.-001. J. Rankin..Washington—J. K. Charles. N. K. W.—H. B. Swarr. i ADDRESS of the STATE COMMITTEE We give on the first page, and ask for it a careful persual from all our readers, another Address from the Democratic State Committee. The subject to which it is principally devoted —Expatriation and Naturalization— it* one that has recently been,much agitated in politi cal circles, and the views of the Democracy thereon flagrantly misrepresented by Know- Nothing Republicanism. The Committee ..present it fairly and clearly, and treat it with marked ability. In doing so, the hypocrisy and dishonesty of the Opposition leaders and presses receive a proper exposure and just condemnation. The Address is alike credita ble to the Committee, to its accomplished and talented Chairman, Mr. Tyler, and to the Democratic party of the Cuminunwealth. A WORD IN REJOINDER. The Pennsylvanian —which for the nonce is disposed to be sarcastic—is respectfully inform ed that, whatever other errors The Lancaster Intelligencer may have committed in the last ten years, or how numerous soever its shortcomings, it has never yet stultified itself and rendered its Editor ridiculous by publish ing a leading original article under the editorial head, filled with abuse and misrepre sentation of a soundly Democratic statesman —the second office, in the Government—and then, on a subsequent occasion, through the pressure, probably, of an outraged public opinion, recall the offensive article, and attempt an apology by saying that it was written and published without the knowledge or approbation of the Editor! If this excuse be true in point of fact, which we very much doubt, then the inference is that the Editor, of that piquant and spicy sheet, (we hope wc shall not be accused of writing ironically when we thus praise our esteemed cotem porary !) must have been in a state G&somno* lency at the time, and was only roused from his “Rip Van Winkle” lethargy, and induced to rub his eyes and his spectacles too, when the loud thunders of popular disapproval disturbed his slumbers. Perhaps the erudite, astute and spirited Editor of,the Pennsylvanian (pardon us again, kind Sirfj) is not conscious of the fact, that the offensive article against Vice President Breckinridge, to which we directed public attention last week, would, if it were read, meet with the stern and indignant disappro val of ninety-nine out of every hundred Democrats in Lancaster 6ounty, and in the same proportion, wejiave not a doubt, through out the entire State. We are not aware of any acts in the personal or political history of Mr. Breckinridge since his elevation to the Vice Presidency, which should call down upon him the censure of a Democratic newspaper—unless it be considered a crime in him to desire the elec tron of Mr. Douglas, with all his faults; to the U. S. Senate, in preference to Mr. Lincoln, one of the blackest of the Black Republicans of Illinois. This may be an unpardonable sin against party fealty in the eyes of the Pennsylvanian, but it is not so considered by the Democrats generally of our' noble old Commonwealth. The Editor’s closing remark about us having an “ axe to grind,” would, perhaps, much better apply to himself than to the senior of The Intelligencer—at least such would be the deliberate judgment of every man acquainted with his history, and who could get a peep behind the curtain. But as we have no desire to enter into a prolonged controversy with our cotemporary, on this or any other subject, we forbear any further remarks at this time. We ask no favor, however, from that quarter, and shall defend ourselves at all times and under all circum stances, from any and every assailant. THE STATE TICKET, The Democratic State Ticket appears to be gaining ground rapidly in public favor. This heed not surprise any one, as a more unexcep tionable ticket has never been placed, before the people of Pennsylvania, and must, as a consequence, command the admiration and support of the people throughout the Common wealth. The office of Auditor General is beyond question, the most important position in the State, inasmuch as the incumbent holds the key to the Treasury. If a faithful senti nel stands there, he may save thousands of dollars to the tax-payers of the State. If, on the other hand, such a man does not occupy the the place, thousands of dollars may be lost from the coffers of the Commonwealth. An honest, intelligent, straight-forward, man is needed at all times in that office—one whose integrity is above suspicion. So, also, in the Surveyor General's office; he should likewise be a man of undoubted integrity and ability. That Messrs. Wriqht and Rowe, the Demo cratic nominees, are just such men , no one will dare to doubt or gainsay. They have both been well tried in the public service, and found to be all that the tax payers can desire. Their reoordß are without blemish, and, more over, they are sound and consistent Democrats. It is this well known fact that is gaining Btrength for them in every section of the State, and that they will be triumphantly elected we have every reason to believe. PRE SIDE N TI AL The Northern Democrat , published at Coudersport, Potter county, Pa., has raised the name of James Buchanan as its first choice for the next Presidency. jtfp-The President of the U. States was ezpeoted to leave Bedford on yesterday, and preach Washington to-day. THE TREATY OF VILLA FRANCA. Only an Austrian account of the treaty c<>n eluded between the late combatant sovereigns in Italy is furnished by the Europa's news. It supplies some omissions in the despatch of the French Emperor announcing it to the Empress, and the new features, unhappily, destroy much of the beauty of- the Peace of Villa Franca. The Eastern boundary of Lorn* bardy, which is granted to Sardinia, is made the river Mincio, and not the Adige, as was hoped. Even Mantua and Peschiera are left in the hands of Austria, so that the quadri lateral remains as strong as ever—a continual menace to Sardinia, from which an invading army may be thrown across the Mincio in a tenth part of the time that it took to carry the late invading army across the Ticino. There seems to be but a poor prospect of permanency in a peace which leaves Austria in the possession of all her strongholds in Italy. The restoration of the Grand Duke of Tus- ; cany and the Duke of Modena to their thrones , is an unexpected provision of the treaty and one that is most offensive. The first named of! these petty monarchs had forfeited all right to j his crown, by first making his subjects virtual j slaves of Austria; afterwards contriving a i diabolical plan to bombard his beautiful capi | tal on the first symptom of revolt; and finally, when that plan failed, and his people quietly hut firmly declared for Italian independence, by meanly and sullenly abandoning his palace and his country, and taking refuge with Austria, Italy’s worst enemy. The Duke of | Modena did but little better. Neither of them \ has a particle of claim upon Italian forbear- \ ance and respect, much less upon Italian love | and loyalty; and a treaty that places them i again upon their throne? must be expensively offensive to the Tuscans and the Modenese. The Italian Confederation, which the treaty provides for, is, after all, not absolutely a fixed thing. Austria and France, it is true, 1 will support it. But nothing, as yet, is said ! about Sardinia’s support, and as for Naples and the Pope, it has not been ascertained that they are going to surrender any portion of their authority to a mixed commission, whose avowed purpose is to restrain the power of | the individual sovereigns in Italy. If this I project of an Italian Confederacy should be i carried out, let us see what a pretty happy j family of sovereigns will be represented, or ; will appear in person, at its first meeting, or ' Congress or Diet, whichever it may be called. ; Here is something like the list: THE ITALIAN CONFEDERACY' Pio Nono, Pope of Rome, (an absolute ' monarch,) Honorary President. j Francis Joseph, Emperor of Austria, (most absolute of monarchs.) Francis 11., (or Bomba II.,) King of the Two Sicilies, (an absolute monarch.) Victor Emanuel 11., King of Sardinia and Lombardy, (a Liberal, Constitutional monarch.) • j Leopold 11., Grand Duke of Tuscany, (an j absolute monarch, an Austrian Archduke and : vassal of Austria.) i Francis V., Duke of Modena, (an absolute j monarch, an Austrian Archduke and vassal of Austria.) i Louisa, Duchess Regent of Parma, during the minority of her son Robert 1., (an absolute monarch.) As for Monaco, San Marino, Massa, Carra ra, and some other pretended independent governments in Italy, they will not pretend to a place in the Confederacy : at' least they will have no voice or vote in its councils. The seven powers named above will compose the Italian Confederacy proposed by the late treaty. Of the seven monarchs making up the list, the only liberal one is Victor Emanuel, of Sardinia. The rest are all bound by every conceivable pledge to restrain popular freedom, and are especially pledged to maintain Austrian supremacy in Italy, in preference to any other. If the Emperor of France has been able to introduce into his treaty any provisions that will check the apparent Austrian majority in the Confederacy, and give any weight to the apparently hope less minority of Sardinia, then he is a wiser monarch than even we have given him credit for. Europe has not made up its. mind to like the treaty. The Tuscans, the Sardinians and the Venetians arc said ro be indignant and dissatisfied. The English openly ridicule it and point at the French Emperor as the betrayer rather than the liberator of Italy. Even in Paris the treaty is criticised with no little severity, and the delay in publishing the full text is quite naturally regarded as a sign that the effect on the public mind is feared. The liberals throughout Europe have a right to complain of the manner in which the Emperor has extinguished all the hopes of the patriots, Kossuth, Kiss and others, who had just been induced by his promises to renew their exertions for the liberation of Hungary. —Evening Bulletin. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE The Pennsylvania State Journal , an Oppo sition paper recently started in Philadelphia, thus speaks of this distinguished democratic statesman : “ There seems to be but one man in the whole country, to whom the Democracy can look, and that man is John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, the present Vice President. With any other candidate, we regard the defeat of the Democratic-party as certain.” The Stale Journal is mistaken in the latter clause of tho paragraph. We believe the Democratic party will succeed in the next Presidential election, no matter who amongst the distinguished men spoken of may be nominated—so that he be able, honest, and a sound and consistent Democrat. That Mr. Breckinridge possesses these qualifications in an eminent degree, all will admit. “HEAD HIM, OR DIE !” The Richmond Enquirer is hard upon Botts, who now affects so much tenderness toward naturalized citizens. Poor Botts! he tried to “head Capt. Tyler,” hut has, at last, headed himself. Hear the Enquirer: “ Nor can Mr. Botts pretend that he is ignorant of his own position hitherto main tained. He cannot deny that when Gov. Wise put the question to him, in 1854—'55, ‘ Will you agree to protect our naturalized citizens abroad ?' he replied no. He cannot deny that he advocated the propriety of stripping' naturalized citizens of protection at home even; that he attempted to deprive them of the right to hold office, State or federal; that he attempted to deprive them of the right to enact or execute laws, State or federal; that he denied to them the privilege of association with himself and his party even in political party organizations; that he applied all this proscription and persecution not only to them, hut to their children and their children's children, and in case they should continue to be members of the Catholic Church, to all their succeeding generations.” jg@°* Professor Wise, of this city, made another balloon ascension from St. Louis on Saturday. He expected to land at Lafayette, Indiana, where the balloon would be re inflated, and he would again ascend and proceed eastward. S&jf* Elections took place yesterday in Ken tucky, Alabama and Texas. The Tennessee election takes place on the 4th inst., and the North Carolina on the 11th. Clarion Democrat has raised the name of John C. Breckinridge as its first choice for President in 1860. There are a goodly number of other Democratic papers in Pennsylvania of the same way of thinking, notwithstanding the attack made upon him two weeks ago in a Philadelphia paper. MR. BUCHANAN DECLINES. Bedford, Pa., July 28 —The Bedford Gazette, in to issue, published an article authoritatively declaring that President Bu chanan will not be a candidate for re nomina tion by the Charleston Convention. Harrisburg, July 28.— The Patriot and Union of to-day, in the course of an article ou the Charleston nomination, say?: “We are authorized to emphatically declare that Mr. Buchanan.is not a candidate for re election, and would not consent, under any combina tion of circumstances, to become such.’’ In connexion with the above, the following extract from the leading editorial article in the Washington Constitution of Friday last— which, doubtless, speaks by authority—would seem to effectually settle the question ; PRESIDENT BUCHANAN AND THE SUCCESSION A rpcent article in the “ Pittsburg Post,’ bringing forward the name of the President for re nominatin' and election as the only mode of quieting distractions in the democratic party, is the subject of much comment by the press of all parties. We refer to the subject with a view, if possible, of putting at rest ail such speculations. There is po point upon which Mr. Buchanan has expressed his determination more freely and unreservedly than his fixed purpose under no circumstances to be a candidate for re-election to the presi dency : and we are satisfied that there is none upon which his mind is more unalterably made up. In accepting the nomination of the democratic party in 1856 he took occasion to say: “ Under these circumstances, I must cheerfully pledge myself, should the nomina tion of the Convention be ratified by the people, that all the power and influence con stitutionally possessed by the Executive shall be exerted in a firm but conciliatory spirit, during the single term I shall remain in office, to restore the same harmony among the sister States which prevailed before this apple ol discord, in the form of slavery agitation, had been cast into their midst.” Again, in his Inaugural at the time of entering upon the duties of his office, lie said : “ Having deter mined n >tto become a candidate lor re-election, I shall have no motive to influence my conduct in administering the Government, except the desire ably and faithfully to serve my country, and to live in the grateful memory of my countrymen.” During the President’s recent visit to North Carolina, he availed himself of the opportunity to repeat, in the most emphatic manner, this determination which he had so early formed and so formally declared, and to which he has so firmly adhered. He announced in one of his speeches in North Carolina, when addressing the immediate neighbors ol the late Nathaniel Macon, that, like,their own venerated Macon, and influenced in a, consid erable degree by his example, he had long since determined to retire from public life at or before the age of three score and ten ; that he thought every wise man ought to desire to pass the last years of his life—should a kind Providence prolong his days—in tranquility and retirement, and in preparing for his last account; that at the end of llis term he would have completed his seventieth year, and .that be would return at that time to his quiet home with far greater pleasure than he had enjoyed in coming to Washington to enter on the administration of the Government. Thus has Mr. BuchanaD availed himself of every oppor tunity—both public and private —to announce and reiterate to the country his fixed and irrevocable purpose to retire from public life at the end of his present presidential term ; and we feel fully authorized to declare that under no circumstances will he consent to be a candidate for re-election. Whatever course the “opposition” press may see proper to pursue hereafter on this subject, we trust that our democratic cotemporaries will, in justice to the known wishes and repeated announce j ments of the President, unite with us in | discouraging for the future all speculations on j the subject. And why should not Mr. Bu chanan desire to retire at tlie end of his present | term? lie will have devoted the best years of a long arid useful life to the service of his ; country. lie has been called to many positions of trust and responsibility. In all of them he has done well. He will leave behind him a record of which any statesman and patriot might feel proud. He will have accomplished the great desire of his heart, so i earnestly expressed in the extract wc have ! quoted from his letter of acceptance. He wili, indeed, have “ restored the same harmony i among the sister States which prevailed before this apple of discord, in the of slavery ! agitation, had been cast into their midst." He entered upon the presidency in the midst ; of bitter sectional controversies. The storm | had reached its height, threatening the peace of the country and the integrity of the Union, lie brought to the helm the strong arm of a : statesman and the stout heart of a patriot. I True and faithful, firm and steadfast, he has : spoken quiet to a distracted people ; and has ; before him now the bright prospect of retiring j to private life at a time of universal peace, ! harmony, and prosperity. Not only the | domestic but the foreign policy of his Admin , istration will have been attended with emiuent j success, audit will only require theharmonious ] action of the democracy to insure to the i country the election of a successor pledged to j tlie support of its principles. RE-NOMINATION of the 'PRESIDENT The Pennsylvanian, in republishing the article from the Pittsburg Post, recommending the re nomination of Mr. Buchanan, says— “ No one can fail to appreciate the patriotic motive, and yield to the cogent reasoning of the writer, but we are compelled to regard the suggestion as placed beyond the possibility of present consideration, however desirable it would bo to the country and the party. This impossibility arises solely from the emphatic declaration, time and again made by Mr. 8., that the end of his present term should close his public career. Wc cannot complain of this determination, however much we may regret the loss thus occasioned to the councils of the nation at a time, too, when the ability and voice of an experienced sage and statesman are so eminently required. We think that Mr. Buchanan has a right to claim a relief from further service. Whilst we must readily agree both in tho reasoning and the conclusions of the Post, we have not the right to gainsay nor complain of the determi nation of Mr. B. in this respect. He has been in the public service nearly fifty years ; a brilliant member of a profession in which the greatest eminence and splendor of fortune awaited him, he relinquished all its honors and emoluments at an early period of life to assume public trusts; his private affairs have ever been secondary, and at the ripe -age of over three score years he will leave the public service without a blemish upon his character, and beyond the suspicion of even an imagined, departure from the strict line of integrity and v duty.” J' LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT DE CLINING A RE-NOMINATION. Pittsburgh, July 30. The following letter from the President, wub received this morning by Hon. Wilson McCandless: — Bedford Springs, ) 25th July, 1559. j My Dear Sir— I have received your kind note, of the 19th inst., with the leader from the Post. Whilst I appreciate, as it deserves, the ability and friendship displayed in the editorial, I yet regret that it has been publish ed. My determination, not under any cir cumstances to become a candidate for re election, is final and conclusive. My best judgment and strong inclination, unite in favor of this course. To cast doubts upon my predetermined purpose, is calculated to impair my influence in carrying important measures, and afford a pretext for saying that they have been dictated by the desire to be re nominated. With the kindest regards, &c., Respectfully your friend. (Signed) James Buchanan COUNTING THEIR MEN The New York Tribune suggests a Dew combination for the Presidential Campaign, embracing all the elements that it presumes would contribute to a Republican victory.— Here are some of the ingredients: “ Docking to the North, we regard as coming within the scope of the organization we have indicated all such Democrats as John H. Reynolds, Horace F. Clark, Garnett B. Adrain, John W. Forney, and John Hickman ; and all such Americans as Nathaniel S. Ben ton, Daniel Uilman, James H. Campbell, Henry M. Fuller, and Willard Millward. At the South, unless we jnisunderstand their position, it would embrace such men as John Bell, Edward Bates, H. Winter Davis, John •M. Botts/ Emerson Etheridge, and Kenneth Rayner. CITY AND COUNTY AFFAIRS Franklin and Marshall College—Gen. Stokes’ Address before the Literary Societies—-The Commencement, £c, Last week was the Commencement week of Franklin and Marshall College, and the thronged streets and impe tus giveD by the sudden luflux to our city of several hun dred young and active meo told the tale plainer and better than the placards and advertisements of the previous days. This annual festival enlivening and animating the whole city is already becoming a marked and longed-for feature of the Summer, a welcome relief from the heat and stagnation of Jaly. Among the numerous strangers attracted by the occasion we noticed Hon. John W. Killixger, M. C., from the 1 eb anon district, Rev. Dre. Schafp and Woltp, of the Theo logical Seminary at Mercersburg, Rev. J. R. Kooken, U. 8. Consol at Havana, Hon. John C. Kc.vkel, of Harrisburg. R«v. Dr Alfred Nevix, of Philadelphia, and many other distinguished visitors whom neither time nor space permit ns to enumerate. During Monday aud Tuesday there were continual ses sions of the Board of Trustees and the Alnmni Association. This latter body, composed of the graduates of old -Frank lin,” of ‘ Marshall.” ind of “Franklin and Marshall” Col leges, now number,- about four hundred members, chiefly from the younger and more energetic ranks of the profes sions, who are rapidly commanding a position and influence throughout the State. Social and more private re-unions were also the order of the day everywhere. On Tuesday evening Fulton Hall was crowded to its utmost capacity, by as brilliant an array of ladies and gentlemen as ever assembled within its walls, the occasion being the Address of Gen. William A. Stokes, of Greens burg, before the Literary Societies of Franklin and Mar shall College, on - Paine, the Purchased Patriot." At 8 o’clock the Professors, Students and Trustees of the College, with the Lecturer, Judges of the Court, and Mayor of the city, accompanied by the Fencibles’ Band, entered the Hall. After the Band had discoursed one of their choicest pieces of music, Rev. Dr. John W. Neyin opened the exercises with prayer. Gen. Stokes was then introduced to the audience, and engaged their undivided attention for an hour and a half with one of the most eloquent and interesting historical lectures ever delivered in this city. The lectu r er commenced with a thrilling description of the drama of the Revolution in 1775, and exhibited the trials of the Patriots who had evinced their affection for the British Government; that the British soil was sacred because it held the bones of their sires; and that it was an error to suppose that it wa9 the first time Freedom was asserted on the soil of America. Penn’s frame of govern ment declared freedom and liberty in the independence of local legislation, und Mr. Jefferson unconsciously repeated the language of Locke iu his Declaration of Independence. The Colonies were all warmed by the sacred fire of liberty. And in the midst of petitions, Ac., blood was shed at Lex ington and Concord, at which every heart throbbed with indignation, and instantaneous measures were taken for resistance! At this period, January, 1776, appeared a pamphlet, entitled “Common Sense,” written by Thomas Paine.— [Here the lecturer gave a history of Paine’s previous life, until his introduction to this country with a letter from Dr. Franklin to Richard Bache.] On Paine’s arrival he had access to books, and he eagerly embraced the de fence of the Colonies. When “Common Sense” appeared a great blow had been Btruck, and its arguments went right home to the understanding. The boldness, vigor, &c., of the Author gave irresistible power to his writings. Ad mirable was the stupendous work; it was revised by Kush aud Adams, and when the work was ready for the press Dr. Kush gave it the name of-Common Sense.” Yet with all its merit “Common Sense” has proved ephemeral; it has died as a common pamphlet. Who reads Paine '! Gib bon, Ilume, Voltaire, Rousseau aud their kindred writers are instructive, whilst Paine has descended into the obliv ion of infamy. This needy adventurer of a disreputable life was at one time the fav -rite of the officers and soldiers of the American Army, and Pennsylvania presented him with CSQQ for bis servicos. Paine’s pen was never idle. The “Forester,” however, did not equal bis other productions. Paine published the first uumber of the “Crisis,” which aroused the drooping ardor of the people, and his soul-stirring appeal went through the ranks ol'the Array. None of the other numbers of the “Crisis” equalled the first; being full of invective, they became ineffectual, yet they aroused the people of the country. Paine paused, until Robert Morris stipulated a certain sum of money for his services. He attempted to excite Congress to a quarrel, and from that timo he sunk in the estimation of the people. lie was appointed Clerk to the Assembly of Pennsylvania in 1775, and, afterwards, senseless of shame, appealed to Congress for $3OOO. He \ehs reserved to teach another lesson. He left for England, under the pretence of exhibiting his Bridge, ne first went to Paris. In England he was arrested for debt, failed with his Bridge, and was iu correspondence with the Revolutionists of France. lie delighted in the overthrow of everything established. Edmund Burke wrote his “Re flections on the French Revolution.” No one can read It without, admiration for its Author. Paine wrote his “Rights of Man.” He asserts the inalienable rights of the governed—attacks monarchy, aud villifies all the institu tions of England. It produced au enormous sensation, principally among the ir.eehauics and laborers. It is not equal to "Common Sense,” and abounds in historical blun ders. For writing it he was convicted of a seditious libel. He went to England for the purpose of destroying the Government. lie invariably advocated revolution, lie tho Apoatlo of Blood. Paine lied to Fiance, became a member of the Conven tion, and endeavored to destroy their Constitution. In the death of the King, tho “Age of Reason” was inaugurated* and the Revolution revived. Painedid not escape; he was expelled from the Convention on account of his quarrel with Robespierre, and committed to prisou. Ilia most cel ebrated attack on Religion is bis "Age of Reason.” The entire argument is coarse, strong ami vicious. Paine held that the light of nature was sufficient. Tho poisou of the publication wa- in its style. Benjamin Franklin, to whom the manuscript was referred, made answer. [Here the lecturer read Franklin's letter to Paine, and Lord Erskine’s address.! Paine attacked the Constitution signed by Washington- The lecturer said, the day to form another Constitution is past. The spirits of tho Revolution hare departed. It was difiicult to understand tho infamous attack of Paine on Washington and his seven years’ campaign. The cause was that Washington did not liberate him from prison.— Washington refused to interfere because Paine had become a Frenchman. Worn out, outlawed by England, anil discarded by France, Paine returned to this country with a woman whom he had seduced. Mr. Jefferson, who was then Pres ident, received him in a friendly manner. lie exhibited an affection for him, on account of his Revolutionary ser vices, notwithstanding he was a compound of filth and viciousuess. From Washington City he went to New York, where he was not only hooted at by mobs, but shot at in bis own house. Paine lodged meauly, drank deeply, and lived disgustingly, shunned and hated by all. Ilis latter days, tho lecturer said, he would not depict. It would chill ti 3 with horror. Ilis applications for payment for his patriotism were no longer entertained. lie demanded additional compensation from Congress. lie sont four different letters to the committee, but his claims were rejected. The lecturer would not enter into the soul-harrowing incidents of his death. On the Stb of June, 1800, bis ravings ceased, his blasphemies subsided, and worms em braced the body which man rejected. The lecturer would pass by the dishonor of his corpse. Paine is dead, but tho grave cannot sanctify treason to God and man. The nar rative of his life is the development of his character. As a writer he excelled. A style so bold and brave that it always arrested attention. A grateful people crowned him with houor, but the splendor of his genius would not avail. He was slanderous, false and vicious. lie has written hi 3 own epitaph, infamous .” The address although lengthy was listened to through out with the deepest interest. In foot, wo never saw an audience more completely enraptured with a lecturer and file theme. The Band closed the exercises with a fine ' overture, and at 10 o’clock the immense and delighted auditory quietly dispersed. Owing to the unexpected declination of the Alumni Orator, Geu. Stores’ address was the only public feature -Of the Commencement, apart from the'distinctive perform- the Senior Class. COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES. The particular interest of our readers naturally centres '•sfteciaUyjil' tho exercises of Wednesday, or Commencement proper as it is generally called. We give the programme of the day, showing tho part and subject of each speaker: MORNING SESSION. Salutatory—A. Carl Whitmor, Greencastle, Pa. Oration—Pagan Virtue—D. Earnest Klopp, Hnmmels town, Pa. Oration—American Criticism—John P. Kohler, Allen town, Pa. Oration—False Idea of Manliness—Jacob Kehm, Oxford. Oration—Revolution ofIS4S—II. Charles Heyser, Dillen burg, Nassau. Oration—The Carboniferous Era—William R. Orth, Hummelstown, Pa. Oration—Die Zeichen der Zeit—Eli Iliester, Straustown. Oration—‘‘l am a Roman Citizen”—Samuel B. Mooro, Lancaster. Oration—Mercenary Patriotism—lsaac D. Lutz, Union Deposit, Pa. Oration—The Increase of Luxury—Horace 'A. Yundt, Blue Ball, Pa. * Oration—The Almighty Dollar—Samuel Transue, Clin ton Mills, Pa. Oration—False Principles of Moral Action—W. H. Sheibley, Landisburg, Pa. Oration—Our Navy—Wm. U. Ridgway, Sbarptown, N. J. Oration—ltaly for the Italians—B, Frank Fisher,Sellers ville, Pa. AFTERNOON SESSION. Salutatory—Henry Leatnan, Jr., Paradise, Pa. Oration—The Financial Crisis —Peter B. Ridgway, Sharp towu, N. J. Second Franklin Oration—The Moral Hero—S. W. Rei gart, Lancaster. Oration—Cuba—E. R. Eshbach, MiltOD, Pa. First Franklin Oration—What is Truth?—J. H. John ston, Waynesboro’, Pa. Marshall Oration—Chief Justice Marshall—R. J. Neviu, Lancaster. Degrees Conferred. Valedictory—Walter Scott Ditto, Conococheague, Md. Baccalaureate. The exercises were rather beyond the average grade on such occasions, and gave not only present pleasure but hope and cheering promise to the friends of the College.— Indeed, in the estimation of competent judges, the class, as a whole, was superior to those that have preceded it for several years. Morning and afternoon sessions the Hall wsb crowded, at times uncomfortably. Every available position was seized by an eager audience. The fixtures for the side gas jets presented an appearance more novel than decorative, festooned with impromptu hangings in the way of parasols, bonnets, fiats, fans and other female paraphernalia, the ladies’ hands for the nonce all bearing the more becoming burden of boquets. The fact of five of the graduates—one fourth of the class—being from the city and county accounts for much of the interest At 9 o’clock the procession entered the Hall, headed by tho Fencibles’ Band, who supplied the music through the day. The empty stage at once filled with the Faculty, invite gnaets and and the students wearing their badges. th« whit- nhb-m* repreaenting theDiagnoth ian. and tlr- Wu® the Gußhem Literary Society. A. Caul Whither opeped the performances with an exceedingly rha-tu ao<l appropriate Salutatory Oration. — Its effect ou the audience as an introductory was most happy. .Mr. W.’s style is neat and calm. .He evinced a pleasing show of genuine filing, aud his quiet and insin uating manner won a return from bis bearers. Pagan Virtue, by D. Earnest Klopp, was a bold and vigorous effort, pronounced well. The mournful cadences of the speaker’s voice gave the pleasing effect of a musical accompaniment to his production. • Perhaps the chief fault was a too indiscriminate censure of the great religions of classic faith. The virtue which Lao?ht men to do great deeds and suffer noble sorrows, that are yet ringing through Christendom, is deserving of something more respectful than the sweeping condemnation of academic display. J. P. Kohler, in a clear and distinct, but rather weak, voice, delivered his ideas of American Criticism, of which he seemed rather apprehensive. Mr. K. delights in a sin gularly perverse and original style of pronunciation. Next came some straightforward, honest and earnest words on the Idea of Manliness, which were well received. Many around os pronounced it “the best 60 far.” Had Mr. Kehm omitted entirely the first six minutes of his speech it would have been a star performance. There was strong common sense and considerable sagacity displayed in every thing but its length. H. Charles Hetser, from Germany, and an eye-witness of the scenes of his subject, delivered an interesting and animating account of the Revolution of IS4S. The orator, though laboring under many difficulties as a Foreigner, knew what he was talking about, aDd had something really to tell—and the naturul consequence was success.— i The power and sympathetic force of oratory was felt per haps more than in any other of the orations. His Teutonic brethren listened with open eyes and mouths, and the fervent apostrophe to his “dear, dear, beloved Fatherland” won showers of applause and boqnets. The deep bass tones of the next speaker, Wu. R. Orth. suited strangely and powerfully with his grand and primeval sabject— The Carboniferous Era . His discourse was a success, —an original and scientific essay by nu en thusiastic and appreciative disciple of Hugh Miller. Die Zeichen der Zrit. Every head bent forward, every eye spoke attention at the announcement of the German Oration. This is always a favorite in Lancaster. Any enter prising student should seek it in preference to the Saluta tory or the minor honors. Mr. Hiester’s was too long, and a little clearer enunciation would have obliged his English friends. The signs of the times, as seen through German spectacles, seem to be slowly but surely progressing to a conservative, religious and constitutional freedom. “J am a Roman Citizen,'' an oration by Samuel B. Moore, of this city, was a chaste and well-written production, and evinced considerable literary and historical attainments.— Indeed, we heard mauy around us pronounce it decidedly one of the best effusions of the day. Mr. M.is very modest and retiring in his deportment, and therefore his style of speaking may not have bad the same effect on the audience as some of the others. We cauuot conceive why the gross and uncalled-for attack was made by The Express on this worthy and estimable young gentleman. Mercenary Patriotism, by Isaao D. Lotz, was a philosoph ical commentary on the Address of Gen. Stokes, with a somewhat personal application to our country. Though abounding in modern historical allusions, and delivered with an impetuous and taking delivery, it was spoken a little too fast to make it as effective as it otherwise would have been. Then followed a well-timed attack on the effeminacy of the age, by Horace A. Ycndt, of this county, which reflected clearly and forcibly the solid good sense of our people. The young gentleman deplored the shallowness of our current political economy, of our educational systems, and the vitiating and enervating tendencies of our social life. The Increase of Luxury was a home production grate fully received, and as its author retired the stage took the form of a flower garden. Our national pride now sustained an attack on the other flank. Samuel Transue, of Clintou Mills, saw all our present shame and future glory in The Almighty Dollar, and considered the handsome bird, ou its face, as the legit imate descendant of the golden calf. A pleasant vein of rich ami modest humor pervaded the whole speech, and was a comfortable relief to the speaker’s filial anxiety in regard to the marriage, educational, business and social interests of his countrymen. Wm. 11. Sheiulev—a good argumentative speaker, whose forte lies in debate—made his third appearance before a Lancaster public, suffering a little however in his position on the programme. The two previous orations, as this one, were successive philosophico-metaphysical assaults on the life, genius and spirit of American Nationality, con taining no doubt a large amount of good and proper advice; but the people were by this time tired of the continued plucking of the eagle, aod did not seem to care much whether he flew ahead on False Principles of Moral Action or not. A belligerent speech, Our -Vary, from Sharptown. N. .1., broke pleasantly upon an audience beginning to feel sensi bly the tiring monotony of too much speaking. Mr. Ridg way’s style is self-reliant and earnest; the impression he made was favorable, though bis warlike proclivities were a little at variance with the pacific principles of the Quaker State. His arguments were stated clearly and forcibly, but, from the nature of the thing, hacknied. Louis Napoleon had evidently upset the political system prepared by Mr. Fisher for the wants of Europe, and that gentleman seemed to feel rather uncomfortable at the unceremonious disposal of bis own private arrangement of Italy for the Italians. However, the hearty animation of the speaker, his spirited action and easy composure, com. bined with a real good-natured and smiling countenance, made his effort perhaps the most telling of the morning. Mr. Leaman di t a difficult thing—struck out from the traveled highway of sahitatories, and gave an elegant little oration ou the '"Twilight Period of History f a com position full of mauly grace and easy dignity. It was a felicitous opeuitig of the Afternoon Session. The Financial Crisis, by l\ B. Ridgwat. would have done honor to the money article of a Banker’s Review.— Our acquaintance with stocks, banks, and cash generally, being limited, we cannot vouch for the accuracy or solidity of his conclusions, hut they sounded all right. Commercial speculation on paper is about as reliable as that in crops or bank stocks. Samuel W. Keigart, of this city, delivered gracefully, aud much to the satisfaction ot the house, a smoothly* written eulogy on The Moral Hero. His style of oratory is winning and attractive, and his ideas are always clothed in the mo3t beautiful language, lie has a bright future before him. Mr. It. is the Principal-elect of one of the Malo Secondary Schools of the city, and he will be a valuable acquisition to the teachers’ profession. lie retired under a tremendous shower of applause and boquets. Cuba, was a fervid tribute to the “Queen of the Antilles.” The impassioned and slightly iilibuster manner of Mr. Eshbach —though ho deprecated the idea of buccaneering —ha'd a fascination for the audience. A little junta of critics around us thought his aspiration for the time when Cuba should “change masters" was a misconception of the genius of democracy. What is Truth* This qaestion was pertinently answered by Joseph 11. Johnston, iu a speech replete with study and thought, and laden with a rich harvest for those who were able to reap it. The subject was too abstruse for a popular assembly, but was treated with great ability. Robert J. Nevin delineated truthfully, and without the fulsome exaggeration incident to eulogistic oratory, the character and intluenco of Chief Justice Marshall, in a chaste and carefully written composition. Marshall is a venerated Dame in the Institution, and the able and elo quent tribute of Mr. N. to his memory met a deep and hearty response from the hearts of her sons and friends. The Valedictory, by Walter Scott Ditto, called forth more contradictory opinions as to its merit than any other effort of the day—a sure indication of originality and nov. elty. Some persons, “in and about town,” were handled without gloves, and, stmnge to say, they have a poor opin ion of the speech. Mr. D., though at times rigid in his manner, wants but time and exercise to acquire a pleasing style. lie possesses in a high degree that power of mag* netic sympathy which is th 9 power and strength of the orator. The great defect was in pronouncing the word “farewell” —a word exceedingly difficult to speak with grace, but like alt thiugs difficult only requiring excessive stndy and labor to ensure success. The announcement of the Baccalaureate as usual cleared a great part of the Hall with more efficiency and rapidity than the whole constabulary force of the city. Those who remained had the privilege of hearing a fresh and practical address, full of sound instruction, expressed in the brevity of wisdom. Tho degree of “Bachelor of Arts” was conferred upon tho graduating class. That of “Master of Arts” upon Charles A. Mayer, Esq., of the class of IS4S, S. n. E. Dubs, Rev. F. Aug. Qast, C. V. Mays, J. M. Ruby and A. S. Yaugx, of 1856, in course. The honorary degree of LL. D. was con ferred upon lion. Gideon J. Tucker, Secretary of State of New York—a worthily-bestowed honor on one of the most able and accomplished young gentlemen of the Empire State. That of D. D. upon the Rev. Nathan Stem, Rector of St. John’s Episcopal Church, Norristown, Pa. In closing let ue call attention to one point. The speeches were too long. It was understood that they were to be limited this year, by a College regulation, to eight minutes, yet, with a few honorable exceptions, all transgressed, and the average was nearer ten. Those who have the best sense will stop the soonest, and those without it, whom least the andienco wish to hear, they must endure longest. Let them be restricted next year to five minutes, and let that restriction be honestly carried out and executed by the College officers, and the increased life, force and elegancy of the performances will attest the wisdom of the provision. No one will be injured, but all benefited. Those who can not write a good five minutes’ speech can do no belter at a ten minutes’ attempt, and those who can write a good one of that length will produce one twice as good of five minutes American Pic Nic.—The first annual Pio Nic of the American Engine Company will bo held, at Rocky Spring, on Thursday, the 11th inst. The whole company, which numbers some of our most active and in fluential citizens, are doing their utmost to make this a grand social gathering, and we understand the tickets are meet ing with a ready sale. The best of mnsic has been engaged, and there is not a doubt but that a large of people will be present. Fire. —On Saturday afternoon last, about 4 o'clock, the stable in the rear of the Spring Garden Hotel, corner of Walnut and Mulberry streets, was consumed by Are, with its contents of hay and feed, and also ahorse and two mules, all being the property of Mr. Herzog. The origin of the fire, one report says, was from the carelessness of a man, with a lighted pipe, going into tho hay-loft to sleep; another is, that a small colored boy, about six years of age, set fire to some shavings in ’the stable yard, by means of a match, and from this the fire was communicated to the stable. The loss falls heavily upon Mr. 11., who is cot well able to bear It. Sunday School Pic Nics.—The annual Pio Nic of the Duke Street M. E. Sabbath School will be held, at Landis’ Woods, on Wednesday, the tOth inst. Exten sive preparations are being made for It. We learn that the Pic Nics of this Sabbath School are always largely attend ed and among the most pleasant social parties of thi* par ticular season. —The annual Pic Nic of the Moravian Sabbath School was held at Landis’ Woods on Tuesday last. The attend ance was very large,and we learn that everything passed off in the mosf Agreeable and orderly manner. Fawkes’ Steam Plow. —The working uf this wonderful iuvention will be exhibited on the grounds of the Agricultural and Mechanical Society, College Avenue, on Thursday, Friday and Saturday of this week. It will doubtless draw an immense concourse of people to this city. Military Election. —The election for Brigadier General took place, as previously announced, on Tharsday last, at the Armories of the different Military Companies throughout the county. Gen. Michael R. Wit* wer, of this city, has been chosen to fill the post. We have not learned the actual result. Ilis competiter was Col. Samuel 11. Price. Gen. W. is fully competent for the position. —The Fencibles and Jackson Rifles paraded on Thurs day evening last,and made their usual fine appearance. — They were accompanied by the Fenciblo*' Band activities’ Martial Music. Temperance Mass Meeting.— A general Woods’ Tfinperauoo Mass Meeting and Pic Nic is announced to be held in Klugh's Grove, near Mountvillo, on Thursday the 11th Inst., at which a number of distinguished speakers are announced to be present, among them Prof. Gaddis, c.f CinciuDnti; Dr. McCron, of Baltimore; Wm. Nicholson, Esq., of Philadelphia; James Black, Esq , and Rev. Messrs. Stock aud Elliott, of this city, and Ruv. Mr. Meug*s, of Columbia. Judging from the extensive preparations making by the committee, this will be a large aud interesting demonstration. Further particulars will be fouud in our advertising columns. The Crops.—The weather having been very fine for the last two weeks, our Farmers have been enabled to secure their oats crop in excellent condition. The crop has been a good oue. Corn and potatoes would, perhaps, require oue more good rain to ensure an abundant cr"p The pasture fields are also beginning to ueed rain. Daring Robbery. —We learn from the Mount Joy on Sunday afternoon, the 24th ult., the dwelling of Joseph Detweiler, in Kapho towusnip, near that Borough, was entered and robbed of $'.H) in bank uotes and a gold watch. Mr. 1). was absent at a funeral, and his wife was up stairs at the time the thirl' was doing his work below. The money taken was iu a pocket-book in the secretary. There was another pocket-book lu the same drawer containing >doo. hut this remained untouched. Mrs. D. saw the thief running away frum the house, and describes him as a short thiek set man. light hair, with an oil cloth capon, dirty white coat, ami checkered pantaloons. The watch stolen is a gold lever watch, old style, with chased back and face, tile latter having the view uf a ship thereon. Serious Accident.— On Friday afternoon a son of Mr. John V. Hurst, residiug about two miles below Intercourse, met with a serious accident, barely escapiug with his life, by au attack from a vicious bull.— He was driving the cows at the time he was attacked by the animal, and was tossed in the air a distance c-f twelve feet, twice iu succession, breaking on-* of the lad's legs, injuring him in the thigh and face, besides inflicting severe bruises on other nnrtions <>} his body. Had his lather not been in tbe field at the time, and cauie to his rescue, there is no doubt tbe vicious auimal would have kill-d him on the spot. _ _ Another. —A serious accident haupened to a German named Robert, agod about 45 years, near Hershwy’s tavern in Penn twp., on Monday evening week, which may result fatally. The man in company with several others, was returning from a harvest field in a wagon, ami on going down a hill, the harness broke, when tlio horse becam * frightened and ran away, throwing the uien out. Robert was thrown violently with his head upon a stone which fractured tbe skull in so severe a manner that when In breathed the breath came through tho fracture. Ou Tues day he was removed to the hospital, but little hope is en tertained of his recovery. The Corner Stone of the Bethel Church in Maytown will be laid on Sunday. August 7th, at two o’clock in the afternoon. Rev. John Wiuebremier of Harrisburg, Rev. E. A. Thomas of Lancaster and other distinguished ministers will be present. The public is invited to attend. • *' Mr. Jacob E. Graybill, adjoining Mari etta, purchased at the sale of Mr. Evans at York, a Durham cow for $125. Mr. G. has some of the finest stock in the State. We understand the following allotment of our public schools was made ou Tuesday bust : High School, I. Newton Pierce. Male Secondary, Samuel Lindsay. Female Secondary, Miss Rose Budd. East Prospect School, Theo. Iliestand School No. 4, Miss J. Fifield. Two schools to be supplied with female teachers, and the African school, deferred until next meeting uf the board.— Maricltian. For tho Intelligencer. COMMENCEMENT— THE COLLEGE THE EVENING EXPRESS The Evening Express is only potent for mischief. Not satisfied with catering to the most vnlgnr and disreputable tastes in the c-mmunity. by registering every little Inci dent that occurs at bawdy houses, beer shops and low groggeries, and magnifying them from mole-hills into mountains, (thus injuring the character of our citv abroad and depreciating the value of property amongst us, by deterring wealthy persons from a distance from pur chasing and comiDg here to reside.) it has now seized hold of Franklin «nd Marshall College with its poisonous fangs, and is insidiously endeavoring to injure it by disparaging the efforts of several u( the young men who have recently graduated with distinguished honor to themselves and their Alma Mater. Tho strictures in the Express of Wed nesday and Thursday list, on the Commencement exer cises, are so mauilostly unjust to several of the young gen tlemen who spoke on the occasion, as to fall far below the dignity of criticism, and are so strongly spiced with ill feeling towards the Institution, tho Faculty, and the Students, as to lay the editor or writer under tho imputa tion of being actuated by personal pique of some kind, rather than a high sense of public duty. Disparagement and misrepresentation are not the weapons of an honest critic, and only expose the writer to the charge of incorn peteucy and inability, as well as indisposition to do simple justice in his criticisms. As an evideuce of the truthful ness of these remarks, I would refer you, Messrs. Editors, to the cruel and apparently malignant stricture of the Express on the effort of Mr. Samuel B. Moore, a young gentleman of this city, who ranks amongst the best in his class in point of literary attainments, aud whose excellent moral character is in the highest degree creditable to him self, his family, and the community in which he resides and of which he is an ornament. It would be well for either of the editors of tho Express if they could present so clean a record morally, socially, and in every other re spect, as does this estimable young man. Mr. Moore's speech, maugre all the efforts of this Paul l*ry organ to disparage it, was a well written and chaste production, happily delivered, and received with the highest marks of approbation from the largo and intellectual audience pres ent ou the occasion. Tho stigma sought to be fastened on Mr. Moore and several of the other young gentlemen, by the Express , will not affect them where they are known, but may injure the City and the College whose mutual interest it is to sustain tho high reputation the latter has already reached, through the indefatigable exertions and acknowledged ability of its able corps of Professors. The course of the Express is well calculated to cripple the Col lege hereafter, and lessen its bold upon the public confidence which it so richly merits, and thus inflict a serious injury upon the City, as well pecuniarily as in its literary and social reputation. A LOOKER ON THE EDITORS’ BOOK. TABLE “ITALY AND THE WAR OF !509.” By Madame Julie de Marguerittes ; with an Introduction by Dr. R. Shelton Mackenzie, literary Editor of Forney’s Press—with Maps and Portraits. This is a highly interesting and useful volume of over 400 pageß, just published by G. G. Evans, No. 4.00 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia. The design of the author, in which she has happily succeeded, was to describe Italy in genera!, as well as each distinct Sovereignty and State; to show the extent, resources, power, and political situation of each; to describe the leading members of each royal or reigning family; to point out the relative bearing of every State, each to each, and also each to Sardinia, France, and Austria; to represent the military and fioaucial condition, as well as the social and moral standing of each peoplo; to describe cities and scenery ; to state the causes, progress and probable results of the War; and to give personal sketches, descriptions, and anecdotes of the leading per sonages—sovereigns, statesmen, and commanders—with moat of whom, in other days, she had been more or less acquainted. “LECTURES FOR THE PEOPLE.” By Rev. Hugh Sto* well Brown ; with a Biographical Introduction by Dr. R. Shelton Mackenzie. Also published by G. G. Evans, No. 439 Chesnut Street, Philadelphia. This is likewise a work of merit, and the religious and moral power of the lectures cannot fail to have a happy influence on all who may peruse them. From a hasty gianco at its contents we do not hesitate to recommend the book as worthy of an extended public patronage. above publications aro a part of Mr. Evans* Original Gift Book Enterprise; and the fact that he will send a copy of either work, and a splendid Gift into tho bargain, upon receipt of One Dollar, and twenty-one Cents to pay for the postage, should be a strong inducement to many to send on their orders at otic*. THE LADIES’ WREATH. Edited by F. J. Burge Smith, and published monthly by John F. Scovill, at No - S Spruce Street, New York, is on our tablo for the mouth of August. It is, as usual, filled with entertaining read ing matter, and its illustrations are handsome aud appro priate. THE KEYSTONE MONTHLY, for August, is before us. Its poetic and prose productions are more than usually at tractive, and wo are pleased to congratulate tho Editors and Publishers on their decided success. THE PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL JOURFAL, for Au gust, is a more thau usually interesting number. “THE CENTURY.” —Mr. Thomas McElrath has with drawn from “ The Century,” and his place is now occupied by his son. It is a great paper in size, but we doubt whether it has boon profitable to the publishers. Extraordinary Drought in Scotland.— Accounts from Scotland state that the drought during May and part of June was more severe than during any past year since 182 G. The rivers Earn and Tay were nearly dry— the famous Doon, immortalized by Burns, would slide through a gallon measure, and other well known streams and rivers were thoroughly dried up. In some places water was so scarce that in villages it was sold at five shillings per barrel! and many had t#go miles for water for their cattle. The crops, notwithstanding, are reported as looking excellent; and recent rains will no doubt advance them considerably. ARRIVAL OF THE EUROPA. THREE DAYS LATER Sackville, July 27. The horse express from Halifax has arrived, with tne despatches furnished by the arrival uf the Europa. Her dates are to Saturday, 16th inst., three days later than received previously. The following are the principal items of news by the Europa : _ The treaty of peace is fully confirmed, but no further particulars have transpired, beyond the fact that the Princes of Tuscany and Modena are to return to their States. The Emperor Napoleon was on his way home. He was expected to reach Paris on the 18th inst., when further of the treaty will probably be announced. In his address to the army he says that the peace was concluded because the contest was about to assume proportions no longer in keeping with tho interests France had in the war. The Emperor of Austria had left the army, and was on his way to Vienna. He had issued an order of the day, in which he says,, alluding to the treaty of peace, that he yield ed to the unfavorable political situation in which he was placed, because his natural allies did not, as was expected, come to his assistance. Count Cavour and the Sardinian Cabinet bad resigned, and it is reported that the reasons for this step were on account of the terms of peace being unsatisfactory. Count Avereze has been charged with the formation-of a new Cabinet. still later. Letters from Paris note much discontent at the terms uf the peace, although peace itself gave satisfaction. The Paris Seicle objects to Austrian influ ence being still .-.uffered to remain in Italy, and call.- fur the expulsion of the petty Italian princes, whu are but confederates uf Austria. Napoleon, on his arrival in Frauce, would proceed at once to St. Cloud, deferring his official entree into Paris till he makes it at the head of the army. The Emporor and King of Sardinia entered Turin on the loth, amid the euthusiastio acclamations uf the people. The Au>tri.m Correspondence officially announces the conditions of the treaty, thus: Austria and France will support the forma tion of an Italian Confederation. Lombardy, as far as the line of tho Miuoio, to be given up. Mantua, Peschiera, and the whole of Yen etia, to remain Austrian possessions. The Princes of Tuscany and Modena to return to their States. A universal amnesty is granted. The Vienna corre.-pondent of tho London 2'imes says three applications were madefy Napoleon to Austria before she would consent. Overtures were made direct Dy Napoleon, for the purpose of preventing mediation by neutrals. The same correspondent says the Pope was burnt in effigy at Milan, and unfriendly feel ing- existed between Napoleon and Victor Emmanuel. Tho latter had issued a procla" mation to the people of Lombardy, announc ing their annexation to Sardinia, according to their own desire, many times expressed, and his determination to ameliorate their political Condition. It was rumored .that the Emperor and Euipress of the French wuuld visit Vienna. A letter from Romo on the Bth says the Pope has sent an autograph letter to Napoleon announcing his determination to demand an armed intervention from tho Catholic powers. The Latest.— lt was reported in Paris on Friday, that great agitation prevailed at Milan, and that troubles had arisen in Yenetia; that Florence was disturbed, and chat the Parisian populace were indignant at the Emperor for his failure to fulfil his promises. Switzerland has ordered tho disbandment of her troops, called out during the war. commercial intelligence. Liverpool, July 16. i’he sales of cotton I’the week amount to. 107,000 bales, and the prices have advanced from Jdajf since last Friday. Breadstuff's exhibit a declining ten dency. There is little inquiry and prices continue weak. Provisions are also very dull. Pork is heavy and all qualities have slightly declined. Liverpool Breadstuffs Market, July 15. —Tho weather has been favorable for tho crops, and the harvest flour was very dull.— French is offered at a decline of 2s per sack. American is quoted at 10sal2s Cd for central. Wheat dull, and is nominally unchanged.— Western red is quoted at 7s 6da9s ; white 9s a9s Gd ; southern lOsall. Corn is dull and quotations nominal ; mixed and yellow 5s lOd aGs 3d; white 7sa7s 9d. Provisions—Beef heavy and holders are pressing on tho market. Arrival of the Anglo Saxon with Four Days Later News. Farther Point 1 Below Quebec, July 29. j The steamship Anglo Saxon, from Liver pool on the 20th inst., passed this point to day bound up for Quebec. The papers contain nothing additional in regard to the basis of peace. The discontent resulting from Napoleon’s hasty course was apparently on the increase, particularly in Italy. Napoleon had arrived at St. Cloud. The Queen of Portugal is dead. The Vienna correspondence of the London Times says the Representatives of Austria, France and Sardinia will soon meet at Zurioh, to conclude the treaty of peace. There will be no Congress of the Great Powers called to ratify the treaty; the Em perors of I ranee and Austria having agreed to settle the difficulties without the interven tion of neutral powers. The Paris correspondent of the London Post says that both of the Emperors are convinced that the basis of peace agreed upon by them is, in many Respects, impracticable. The English journals continue to ridioule the terms of the peace. The Post, Lord Palmerston’s organ, attacks the proceedings at Villa Franca with some severity. The Paris correspondent of the News says there is a feeling of disappointment, and even ot indignation, among all who Xook a sincere interest in the object of the war. The Em peror has seriously lowered himself in the opinion of all classes. Great Britain.— ln the House of Lords, on the 18th, the debate was confined to the despatches between England and Prussia, in regard to the war. FROM MEXICO, New York, July 2G. The 'Times’ Washington correspondent says the draft of a treaty, just sent hither by Hon. Robert McLano, to be submitted to our Gov ernment, contains provisions of the very highest importance to this country. I am fortunately enabled to furnish you with a summary of its more striking stipulations, which aro as follows: 1. Rights of way across the northern States between the Rio Grande and points on the Gulf of California, with the guarantees for their protection and safety. 2. Rights of way and valuable privileges of transit secured to the American company holding the isthmus of Tehuantepec. 3. The privileges of erecting and maintain ing warehouses at the termini of tho several transit routes. 4. The right of transporting troops and munitions over such routes and send troops to’ protect them, in default uf Mexico fulfilling that duty. o. Free entry and transit of goods belong iDg or consigned to American citizens in Arizona, through the ports of the Gulf of California and across Sonora. G. Entire and unquestionable freedom of religious opinion and religious worship throughout the republic. 7. A clause indicating the willingness of the Mexican Government to accept a modified form of protectorate at the hands of the United States ; in other words, to solemnize another treaty in form of one of alliance offensive and defensive, but in substance creating a protectorate, whenever the United States shall signify its willingness to enter into 6uch engagement. Milk Sickness -Extraordinary Fatality. —The mysterious disease popularly known in portions of Central Ohio as “ Milk sickness,” or the “ Trembles,” is prevailing with extra ordinary fatality in a portion of Marion county, Ohio. The tenant of Mr. William Fisher, named Gilson, was first attacked and died. Mr. F. was the next victim, and then his wife and two adopted children were taken. The five cases terminated fatally, though the Republican says the best medical skill of the county was exerted in behalf of this unfortu nate family. The systems of the victims had become so thoroughly infused with the deadly poison that the remedies employed had no effeot whatever.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers