sl)t Lancaster intelligencer OEO. SANDERSON, EDITOR. A* SANDERSON* Alioolata. LANCASTER, PA., JULY 26, 1859. CAOUIiATIONf SOOO COPIES I BmacuHioa Fazas, $3,00 per annum. 49”5. M.PmiinnUi ft Oo.’b Auviumma Agxhct, 119 Njuua ctrfcet, New York, and 10'State street, Boston. 8. M. Pamaonx ft Ooy, are Agents for The Lancaster hdtMgtnoer, and the most influential and largest Circula ting-Newspapers In the United States and the Canadas. — They are authorised to contract for us at our lowest rata DEMOCRATIC STATE NOMINATIONS. AUDITOR GENERAL: RICHARDSON I*. WEIGHT) PtoHada. SURVEYOR GENERAL: JOHN ROWE, Franldln. “ Fiat Justitia,” in answer to I. N. Peirce's production in the last Examiner , is crowded out tins week. PEACE DECLARES! The steamer North Briton, which arrived off Quebeo on Sunday last, brings the impor tant news that peace haß been deolared be tween France and Austria. The Emperor Napoleon telegraphs to the Empress that peace has been signed upon the basis that the Italian Confederacy shall,, be under the honorary presidency of the Pope, and that Austria concedes her rights in Lombardy to the Em peror of the French, who transfers them to the King of Sardinia, in compliance with the assuranoes given at the commencement of the campaign. The. Emperor of Austria pre" serves Venice, but she will form an integral part of the Italian Confederation. The news was reoeived with acclamations at Paris, and the whole civilized world will rejoice that peace has stayed the ravages of war. It is not more than three months since war was deolared, and within that short period the Allied armies have repulsed the Austrians in every engagement, and finally wrested from her iron grasp a province which she has mis governed for more than a century. The his tory of war scarcely records a more brilliant ohapter than this campaign in Italy. VICE PRESIDENT BRECKINRIDGE. Among that class of politicians in Pennsyl vania who deem it essentially necessary that one statesman must be pulled down before another can be elevated, there is a manifest desire to misrepresent and defame Mr. Breckinridge, the Vice President of the United States. Why so many secret and barbed shaftß should be discharged at this gentleman, we are at a loss to comprehend. He has all his life been an unwavering Democrat; he is a gentleman of the most exalted abilities ; he is a model of courtesy and kindness in his social intercourse; and he is an unobtrusive and modest statesman. But all these virtues cannot save him from the fault finders, and they are untiring in their efforts to hunt him down. Leaving out of view for the present all questions of official preferment, we can truly say, that no man now living outside of the limits of Pennsylvania, has more true friends in that State than John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky. He is a young man, and in all probability, has many years of usefulness and honor before him. In his progress he will find the people of the Keystone ready to do him ample justice, and to extend to him that favor.which is due him as a man and a true Democrat. We clip the above from our able and spirited contemporary, the Philadelphia Argus, and most heartily do we endorse every word of it. It is evidently written in answer to a wanton, unjustifiable and uncalled for attack; on Mr. Breckinridge, in the Pennsylvanian of Tues day last, which was retracted in the same paper on the next day. The Vice President is a great favorite in Pennsylvania, and the Democracy of this State will not sanction any attack, upon his fair fame and reputation, no matter from what quarter it may come. Whether or not he will be a candidate for the Presidential nomination at Charleston, is yet in the future; but should he be selected as the standard bearer of the Democracy, in 1860, we are sure that no man living, north or south of Mason and Dixon’s line, could rally the legions of the Old Keystone with greater unanimity and enthusiasm than the gifted and eloquent young statesman of Kentucky. Mr. Breckinridge is a true and itried leader, descended from a real Democratic stock—has never wavered in his attachment to the party or its principles, and it will not do for the Pennsylvanian, or any other paper, to vilify, malign, or attempt to break down so pure a patriot and statesman. All efforts of the kind will only recoil upon their author .or authors. - 'THE PRESIDENT AT BEDFORD President Buchanan reached the Bedford Springs on Tuesday evening last. He is accompanied by Miss Lane and Mrs. Secre tary Thompson. THE ENGLISH CANDIDATE The London News devotes a lengthy article to the advocaoy of Mr. Se?ivsrd for the Presi dency of the U. States, and advises him what to do in regard to the African slave trade and in negroes generally when he becomes the ocoupant of the White House. Mr. Sew ard iB now in Europe, and probably dictated the article. At all events he must feel grate ful for suoh disinterested concern in his polit ical welfare, and for the anxiety of the English editor to furnish US with an Abolition Ohief Magistrate! SICKLES AND HIS WIFE, Daniel E. Sickles and his wife, having made up their little “ difficulty,” are living together again, and he has published a long letter in the New York Herald in justification of the re-union. Such being the case, the natural enquiry iß— why did he kill Key? PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATION. The Pittsburg Morning Post , of Wednesday last, has a lengthy leader in favor of the re nomination of President Buchanan, and concludes that he is the most available candi date who oan be nominated by the Charleston Convention to reconcile the differences which exist in the Democratic ranks at the North and South. THE FINAL RESULT IN VIRGINIA. Fulloffioial returns make Letcher’s majority 5,470. Thus facts and figures put to flight the nonsensical boasts of the Opposition press that the Old Dominion was faltering in her devotion to the Democratic party.— Though Virginia has always been true to Demooraoy, like the other States, her majori ties have varied. In 1840 she gave Van Buren 1,392 majority; in 1844, Polk 5,893 ; in 1848, Cafis 1,473; in 1851, Johnson 6,859 ; in 1852, Pierce 15,281; in 1855, Wise 9,921; and in 1856, Buchanan 29,396. Considering the extent to which the “ swapping system” was carried, and the personal contests in several districts, Governor Letcher may feel prOud of Ms majority, and the Democratic party sanguine of rolling up not less than 30,000 for the Charleston nominee in 1860. . Valuable Property for Sale.— We direct attention to the real estate advertised by the Sheriff of York county,- in another column.— Capitalists would here find an objeot worthy Jt heir attention. HOSTILITIES SUSPENDED. The steamer Africa which arrived at New York, on Thursday, brings the very important news that an armistioe "has been agreed upon between the .Allies and the Austrians, to terminate on the 15th of August. The proposal, it is stated, came from the Emperor Napoleon, and was promptly agreed to by the Austrian Emperor. Both armies, it is prob able, were so much crippled in the last great battle as to render a suspension of hostilities necessary. In the mean time it is believed that negotiations for peace will be entered upon, and it may be that the war will soon be brought to a dose. If not, yet more bloody battles will have to be fought before the are finally driven out of Italy. The armistice was signed at Villa Franca, by Baron Hess, on the part of the Austrians, and Marshal Vaillaut, on the part of the French. It stipulates that commercial vessels, without distinction of flag, shall be allowed to navigate the Adriatic unmolested. The effect of the cessation of hostilities has been a great buoyancy in all the money markets of Europe, and strong hopes were entertained of a peace being hatched up. Cotton has advanced in the Liverpool market, but bread stuffs and provisions were dull and declining in price. The Paris Moniieur cautions the pubjio against misunderstanding the armistice, and says that negotiations may re-commence, but it does not see how the war may be terminated. The London Times believes in peace, and says it is well authenticated that proposals came from France, indicating moderation or necessity on the part of the French, but the Times does not believe it was the latter.— France reaps all the benefit from the armistioe either way. The London Times says further, with regard to the armistice, “ there is little to communi cate beyond what the public already know.— All that seems to be well authenticated is that the proposal came from France, and was the result of the Emperor’s own determination. — That the Emperor Napoleon should stbp short in a career of victory, and make overtures to the foe whom he has defeated in two pitched battles and hurled back to the limits of Lombardy, argues the moderation or the necessities‘of the French ruler. We can hardly believe that the latter have been the cause of this sudden resolve.” KANSAS WILL BE A DEMOCRATIC STATE. We stated a few weeks ago, upon information which we deemed reliable, that the chances were multiplying that Kansas would enter the Union upon the side of the Democracy. The Herald of JPreedom , published at Lawrence f in examining the result of the recent conven tional election, closes a long article upon the subject with the following paragraph: “ We are conscious that we shall be charged with a desire to play into the hands of the Democracy because of this article. Our design is to show our friends in the States the great strength (?) of the Republican party in Kansas, and show bow much has been gained by proving false to pledges, and organizing a new party with new tests, for the purpose of giving ‘ aid and comfort’ to a party outside of Kansas. We mean to 6ay further, that the late vote is significant of the future, and renders the prospects of a final Democratic triumph more than probable, and the sending up of a Democratic Delegate to Congress in the fall, and, finally, one Democratic Repre sentative and two Democratic Senators to Congress, under our State organization.” This is, indeed, cheering information. Mau gre the machinations of aid societies, and other unwarrantable influences, Kansas is at last to array herself decidedly against Aboli tionism, and to come into the federal fold as the supporter of sound constitutional principles. ;If such shall occur, of which we are not permitted to entertain a rational doubt, tbe friends of the Union will realize a moat important victory. Nor will Missouri be subjected to the evils which would ensue from the consummation of the designs pf Black Republicanism, in placing upon her border a disorderly Bister. jfgg-The running of passenger railroad trains through the streets of Philadelphia, on Sunday, has occasioned a very general excitement and a warm discussion in that city. On Friday week the Mayor despatched a letter to the President and Directors of the Green and Coates Street line, setting forth the illegality of running cars on Sunday, and urging upon them as good citizens, to refrain from running their oars on Sunday. The Directors, at a meeting held on Saturday, to consider this letter, resolved that the cars should only be run after 1 o’clock, P. M., from Oak street to Fairmount, which • was accordingly commenced at that time. The police, however, were on the spot, and stopped the first car as it emerged from the Depot, and after that no further attempt was made to run. The affair occasioned great excite ment throughout the city. Several sermons were delivered on the subject, in which the Passenger Railway Companies were handled without gloves. On Monday the driver of one of the Pas senger cars had a hearing before Alderman Hutchinson, each party being represented by eminent counsel. The Alderman held the defendant in the sum of $3OO to answer the charge of a breach of the peace. By the advice of counsel he declined to enter bail, and was committed to prison. On Thursday the prisoner was brought before Judge Thompson, of the Supreme Court, on a habeas corpus, and the case was argued by able counsel. The decision of the Judge was in favor of sustaining the Sunday law. and adverse to a discharge of the prisoner. Pas senger cars will, therefore, have to quit running on Sunday—as, according to Judge T’s decision, it involves a breach of the peace, as well as subjects the offender to the fine imposed by the act of 1794. THE WHEAT CROP OF 1859 The wheat crop of this country, just bar vested, is set down at two hundred and one millions of bushels, or about forty millions of barrels, or one and three-fifths of a barrel of flour for every one of the twenty-five- millions of individuals in this country. This would not seem to be a great deal more than onr own wants would require, and it would not be if we had not the other cereals, and particu larly the great crop of Indian Corn to help out the supply. Ohio is giving a production of 20,000,000. bushels; Pennsylvania, 25,000,- 000 ; New York, 20,000,000; Illinois, 20,000,- 000. The New England States have decreas ed in their production of wheat, but the West has increased four to one. The amount of land under wheat cultivation this year is thirty-three per cent, greater than in 1855. We frequently hear of a production of thirty five bushels to the acre, but the actual pro duction per acre does not average two-thirds of that amount. B®* The Oregon Legislature has adjourned without electing a U. S. Senator in the place of Delazon Smith. Oregon, therefore, will be represented by Gen. Lane alone in the Senate, untill another Legislature shall convene in that State. Hail Storm. —A severe hail Btorm passed over Coatesville and the northern part of Ches ter county, on Wednesday afternoon last.— Corn and vegetables of every kind suffered considerably from its effects. The same storm Germantown, doing great dam age throughout its course. THE EXPATRIATION QUESTION. OPINION OF ATTORNEY GENERAL BLACK. Washington, July 18. —Attorney General Black has, in compliance with the request of the President of the United States, rendered an opinion in the case of Christian Ernst, a native of Hanover, and who emigrated to this country in 1851, when he was about nineteen years of age. t . . This subject wad recently made the basis of a communication to our Minister at Berlin, who was instructed to demand the release of Mr. Ernst. It appears that he was naturalized last February, and in March, after procuring a regular passport, he went back to Hanover on a temporary visit. He bad been in the village where he was born about three weeks, when he was arrested, carried to the nearest military station, forced into the Hanoverian army, and there he is at the present time, unable to return home to bis family and but compelled against his will to perform military* service. The Attorney General says that this is a case which makes it necessary for the Govern ment of the United States to interfere promptly and decisively, or acknowledge that we have no power to protect naturalized citi zens when they return to their native country under any circumstances whatever. What you will do mtfst of course depend upon the law of our own* country, as controlled and modified by the law of nations, the Constitu tion of the United States, and the acts of Con gress. The natural rights of every free person who owes no debts, and is not guilty of a crime, to leave the country of his birth, and in good faith, and for an hoDest purpose—the privilege of throwing off his natural allegiance and substituting another allegiance in its place — tbe general right, in one word, of expatriation, is incontestable. I know that the common law of England denies it, that the judicial decisions of that country are opposed to it, and that some of our own Courts, misled by British authority, have expressed (though not very decisively) the same opinion. But all this is very far from settling the question. The municipal code of England is not one of the sources from which we derive our knowledge of international law. We take it from natural reason and justice, from writers of known wisdom, and from the practice of civilized nations. All these are opposed to the doctrine of perpetual allegiance. It is too injurious to the general interests of mankind to be tolerated. Justice denies that men should either be confined to their native soil or driven away from it against tbeir own will. A man may be either exiled or imprisoned for an actual offence against the law of his oountry, but being born in it is not a crime for which either punishment can be justly inflicted. Among writers on public law, the preponder ance in weight of authority as well as the majority in number, concur with Cicero, who declares that the right of expatriation is the firmest foundation of human freedom, and with Bynkershock, who utterly denies that tbe territory of a State is the prison of her people. In practice, no nation on earth walks or ever did walk by the rule of the common law. All the countries of Europe have received and adopted and naturalized the oitizens of one another. They have all encouraged the immigration of foreigners into their territories, and many of them have aided the emigration of their own people. The German States have conceded the existence of the right, by making laws to regulate its exercise. Spain and the Spanish American States have always recognized it. England, by a reoent statue (7 & 8 Vic.) has established a permanent system-of naturalization in the very teeth of her common law rule. France has done the same, and besides that has declared in the code Napoleon (Art. 17) that the quality of a Frenchman will be lost by naturalization in a foreign country. There is no government in Europe or America which practically denies the right. Here, in tbe United States, the thought of giving it up cannot be entertained for a moment. Upon that principle this country was populated. We owe to it our existence as a nation. Ever since our independence we have upheld and maintained it by every form of words and acts. We have constantly promised full and complete protection to all persons who should come here and seek it by renouncing their natural allegiance and transferring their fealty to us. We stand pledged to it in the face of the whole world. Dpon the faith of that pledge millions of persons have staked their most important interests. If we repudiate it now, or spare one atom of the power which may bo necessary to redeem it, we shall be guilty of perfidy, so gross that no American can witness it without a feeling of intolerable shame. Expatriation includes not only emigration out of one’s natural country, but naturaliza tion in the country adopted as a future residence. When we prove the right of a man to expatriate himself, we establish the lawful authority of the country in which he settles, to naturalize him, if the Government pleases. What, then, is naturalization ? There is no dispute about the meaning of it.- The derivation of the word alone makes it plain. All lexicographers and all jurists define it one way. Jn its popular etymological and lawful sense it signifies the act of adopting a for eigner and clothing him with all the privileges of a native citizen or subject. There can be no doubt that naturalization does, pro facto, place the native and adopted citizens in precisely the same relations with the government under which they live, except so far as the express and positive law of the country has made a distinction in favor of one or the other. In some countries immigration has been so encouraged by giving to adopted citizens certain immunities and privileges not enjoyed by natives. In most, however, politi cal favors.have gone the other way. Here, none but a native can be President. In some of our States foreign born citizens are ineli gible to the o&ce of Governor, and in some of them they cannot even vote for two years after they are naturalized. But if these restrictions had not been expressly made by positive enactment they certainly would not have existed. In regard to the protection of our citizens in their rights at home and abroad, we have do law which divides them into classes, or makes any difference whatever between them. A native and a naturalized American may, therefore, go forth with equal security over every sea and through every land under heaven, including the country in which the latter was borp. JSither of them may be taken up under a debt contracted, or a crime committed by himself; but both are absolutely free from all political obligations to every country but their own. They are both of them American citizens, and their exclusive allegiance is due to the Government of the United States. One of them never did owe fealty elsewhere, and the other, at the time of his naturalisation, solemnly and rightfully, in pursuance of public law and municipal regulation, threw off, renounced, and abjured forever all allegiance to every foreign prince, potentate, Stats and sovereignty whatsoever, and especially to that sovereign whose subject he had previously been. If this did not work a solution of every political tie which bound him to his native country, then our naturali zation laws are a bitter mockery, and the oath we administer to foreigners is a delusion and a snare. There have beeD, and are now, of a very high reputation, who hold that a naturalized citizen ought to be protected by the government of his adopted country every where except in the country of his birth; but if he goes there, or is caught within the power of his native sovereign, his act of naturalization may be treated as a mere nullity, and he will immediately cease to have the rights of an American citizen. This cannot be true. It-has no foundation to rest upon (and its advocates do not pretend that it has any) except the dogma which denies altogether the right of expatriation without the consent, of his native sovereign,—and that is unten able, as I think I have already shown. Neither is this view supported by the practice of the world. I need not say that . our naturalization laws are opposed to it in their whole Bpiritaß well as in their express words. The States of Europe are also practically committed against it. No Govern ment would allow one of its own subjects to divide his allegiance between it and another sovereign ; for they all know that no man can serve two masters. In Europe, as well as here, the allegiance demanded of a naturalized resident mußt have been always .understood as exclusive. There are not many cases on'* record, but wbat few we find are uniform and clear. One Alberti, a Frenchman, naturalized here, went back and was arrested for an offence against the military law, wMch none except a French subject could commit; but he was discharged when his national character, as an American oitizen, was shown. A Mr. Amther, a native Bavarian, after. being naturalized in America, and living here for many years, determined upon returning to his native country and resuming his original political status. The Bavarian Government, : so far from ignoring his naturalization, ex pressed a doubt whether he qould be re adopt ed- there. But the most decisive fact which - history records, is the course- of the British and American Governments during the war of 1812. The Prince Regent proclaimed it .as his determination that every native-born, subject of the British Grown* taken prisoner while serving in the American ranks, should be tried and executed as a traitor to hia law ful Sovereign. This was undoubtedly right, according to the common law doctrine. The King of England had not given, his aaßent. to the expatriation of those people. If the Prince Regent had a right to arrest hat nralized Englishmen, Scotchmen, or Irishmen, in Canada (as the King of Hanover arrested Mr. Ernst in his dominions) and compel them to fight for him, he certainly had a right to hang them for fighting against him. .Bat Mr. Madison denied this whole doctrine jand all its consequences. He immediately issued a counter proclamation, declaring that if any naturalized citizen of the United States should be put to death on the pretence that he w6s still a British subject, two English prisoners should suffer in like manner by way of retal iation. The Prince Regent’s proclamation was never enforced in a single instance. A principle which our Government successfully resisted nnder such circumstances will scarce ly be submitted to now. The application of these principles to the case of any naturalized oitizen who returns to his native country, is simple and easy enough. He iB liable, like anybody else, to be arrested for a debt or a crime, but he can not rightfully be punished for the non per formance of a duty which is supposed to grow out of that allegiance which he has abjured and renounced. If he was a deserter from the army,-he may be punished when he goes back, because desertion is a crime. On the other hand, if he was not actually in the army at the time of his emigration, but merely liable, like other members of the State, to be called on for his share ol military duty which he did not perform, because he left the oountry before the time of its performance came round, be cannot justly be molested.— Any arrest or detention of him on that account ought to be regarded as a grave offence to his adopted country. What acta are necessary to make him part of the army— what constitutes the crime of military desertion —whether a person drafted, con scribed or notified, but not actually serving, may be called a deserter if he fails to report himself? These are questions whioh need not be discussed until they arise. But it may be said that the Government of Hanover has a right to make her own laws and execute them in her own way. This is strictly true of all laws whioh are intended to enforce the obligations and punish the offences of her own people. But a law whioh operates on the interests and rights of other States or peoples, mußt be made and executed according to the law of nations. A sovereign who tramples upon the public law of the world cannotlexcuse himself by pointing to a provision in his own municipal code. The municipal code of each oountry is the offspring of its own sovereign’s will, and public law must be paramount to local law in every question where local laws are in conflict. If Hanover would make a legislative decree, forbidding her people to emigrate or expatri ate themselves upon pain of death, that would not take away the right of expatriation, and any attempt to execute such a law upon one who has already become an American citizen, would and ought to be met by very prompt reclamation. Hanover probably has some municipal regulation of her own by which the right of expatriation is denied to those of her people who fail to comply with certain conditions. — Assuming that such a regulation existed in 1851 ; and assuming, also, that it was violated by Mr. Ernst, when he came away, the ques tion will then arise, whether the unlawfulness of his emigration makes his act of naturaliza tion void as against the King of Hanover.— I answer, no—certainly not. He is an American citizen by our law. If he violated the law of Hanover which forbade him to transfer his allegiance to us, then the laws “of the two countries are in conflict, and the law of nations steps in to decide the question upon principles and rules of its own. By the public law of the world we have the undoubted right to naturalize -a foreigner, whether hia natural sovereign consented to his emigration or not. In my opinion, the Hanoverian Government cannot justify the arrest of Mr. Ernst, by showing that he emigrated contrary to the laws of that country, unless it can also be proved that the original right of expatria tion depends on the consent of tbe natural sovereign. This last proposition lam sure no man can establish. The late session of Warwick Baptist Association, which was held at New Vernon, near this village, was largely attended. Be sides a considerable number of preachers from this State, there were in attendance, Elders L. (Jox, Jr., of Massachusetts; P. Hartwell, of New Jersey; D. L. Harding, of Pennsylvania ; Samuel Trott, of Virginia; C. B. Hassell, of North Carolina ; J. L. Purington, of Georgia; W. C. Norris, of Alabama, and J. L. Johnson, of Kentucky. During the second and third days of the session the crowd was so much greater than the house would hold, that preach ing was had and meetings held in the adjacent grove, to accommodate the multitude. This Association is of that order of Baptists bo often blackguarded by brainless bigots as “ Hard-shells,” and by superficial fopß and ignorant college-calves (who have not posses sed capacity enough to learn oommon polite ness from Alma Mater,) burlesqued as “ ignor ant,” because they cannot be gulled by the Peter Funk Bohemes of religious mountebanks for swindling money from the weak minded. But among the number of ministers present on this occasion, there were some half-dozen, any one of whom is far better qualified by natural ability and attainments, for Professor ships in Colleges than nine-tenths of those who occupy them. Nearly all spoke as gram matically as is common with College gradu ates ; and those who expressed themselves without reference to book rules, had do diffi culty in rendering themselves understood, and producing impressions upon their audiences that any orator might be proud of, Although we have heard many of the most distinguished orators of our country, we never heard more refined, soundly logical and effeotive eloquence than on the occasion referred to. In this connection we will take occasion further to remark that it is our good 'fortune to be acquainted with some thousands of the members of this order ; and as a body they are at least unexcelled in intelligence and good judgment by the adherents of any other order. They are naturally cool-headed men, who can not be humbugged either by religious or political impostors. They are, therefore, almost unanimously Democrats ; and we do not believe there can one of them be found, even in New England, who would not welcome a brother from Georgia or Texas, as though he had never been south of the magic line of 36-30. We say this much, not for the purpose of flattery, but for the according the justice due from an independent editor to a calumniated denomination of men, and for the sake of cautioning Democratic editors from copying from Black Republican papers any of those revamped old jokes into which some D. D. (Dandy Dunce) has incorporated a rowdy ish slur or ruffianly lie apon that good old denomination whom their enemies call “ Hard shells,” because they are themselves too soft and empty in their shells to successfully meet them in argument, and therefore have to resort to abuse and slang—the usual subterfuge of the vanquished.— Middleton (N. 7.) Banner of Liberty. Terrible Murder. —On the 18th inst. a most shocking murder took place in Jjondonr grove township, Chester oounty. A man named Patrick Lafferty had some altercation with another named J. Reed, when the former struck the latter on the head with a stone, and after knocking him down stabbed him to the heart with a dirk knife. Lafferty was arrested and is now in the West Chester prison awaiting his trial. Another New Counterfeit. —Counterfeit notes on the Allegheny Bank of Pittsburgh, of the denomination of five dollars, have been extensively circulated fn Philadelphia within a day or two. Two boatmen were arrested on Thursday, oharged with attempting to pass these bills. The counterfeit is altered from a broken western Bank, has a vignette of a steamboat, with a portrait.of Washington on the right and one of Olay on the left. It ia unlike the genuine note. CITT AND COVfITTT AFFAIRS Commencement Week. —The Annual Com* .mencement exercises of Franklin an d Marshall College-wlll take place at Fqjtoo Hall tomorrow. The graduating class this year numbers twenty-one members, and we have reason to bellaTe that the exercises on this occasion will be nnnsnallj interesting. The exerdses will.consist of two sessions, commencing at 9a. ic, and 2p. w. The orations of the students, we understand, will not average more than eight minutes each. The Fendblaa’ Band will occupy the orchestra, having been engaged to furnish the music. The Biennial Address before the Literary Societies of the College will be delivered in Fulton' WaH thfa evening (Tuesday) at 8 o’clock, by Gen. William A. Smses, of Greensburg, who has chosen for his theme the very inter esting and prolific subject of “Tbm Paine, the Purehased- JPxtriot.” Gen. ,8. is known as one of the ablest lawyers and most eloquent and profound orators in'the State. His addresses on the stump in the campaign of 1856, and especially the one he made in this city, will never be for gotten, on account of their masterly ability and overpow ering arguments. Tha Pittsburg Post of Thursday says: “Gen. Will A Stokes, at bis beautiful residence of Lud wig, is engaged in preparing an address, the subject of which is 'Torn Paine, the Purchased Patriot,’ to. be deliv ered on Tuesday of next week, at the commencement of Franklin and Marshall College. The address will consti tute a defense of the Christian religion and morals. _ The eloquent gentleman is a ripe scholar, as well posted In ethics as he is in science and literature, and this address will be well worth a visit to Lancaster to hear.” The Faculty, Students and Alumni, preceded by the Fenclbles’ Band, will march in procession from the College, arriving at the Hall a little before 8 o’clock. 1 Fulton Institute Medals.— At a meeting of the members of the Fulton Institute, held at their Hall, on Saturday evening last, the Committee on Medals pre sented the following report: Tour Committee, appointed for the purpose of procuring a suitable number of Silver Medals and Medals of Nickel to be distributed at the Fulton Institute Exhibition in November next, beg leave to report, that we accordingly addressed a letter to the Hon. Jamlb Boss Snowden, Direc tor of the United States Mint, and received the following complimentary answer: “Mint op *hi Unhid Staies,” b ) Philadelphia, July 18, 1859. j To Messrs. Rathvoh, Hebe, Miller, Howell and Riiqabt, Committee of the Fulton Institute, Lancaster, Penna. Gentlemen: The name that has been given to your Insti tute is a most happy and appropriate one. Lancaster may well be proud of her distinguished son, Robert Fulton.— I entertain for his character and services the most profound respect and regard. Becently two Medals, one commemor ative of bis construction of the Steamboat, and the other of his Improved Saw Mill for Marble, came to my notice.— They are in possession of Mr. Robert Colton Davis, of this city, a gentleman who has a valuable collection of Coins, Medals and Autographs. He has, at my request, kindly famished me with copies of the Fulton Memorials, and I enclose them for your acceptance. Fulton’s great achievement, the Steamboat, places him in the front rank as a Mechanic and Man of Science, and justifies the inscription on the Medal to his memory, viz: He was l, one of the most illustrious benefactors of mankind .” I will with great pleasure strike the Silver and Nickel Medals, which the Fulton Institute may require. As Nickel is largely produced in your county, your suggestion of Nickel Medals, to be composed of Copper and Nickel in place of Bronze, seems quite appropriate In view of the name and location of yonr Institute. I am, with much respect, Your triend and obedient servant, JAMES ROSS SNOWDEN. Therefore, Resolved, That the letter of Col. James Boss Snowden, Director of the United Btates Mint, be accepted and filed, and the copies of the Fulton Medals, presented by him, be framed for preservation. Resolved, That the Fulton Institute adopt a Silver Medal and also a Nickel Medal, the same in size as that of the Franklin Institute, with a bust of Robert Fulton on the one side, surrounded with the inscription, u Fulton Insti tute, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Ibundtd 1858,” and on the reverse side a wreath, with the words “Awarded to ,” with a space for the receiver’s name to be engraved, and the purpose awarded. S. S. BATHV ON, T. MILLER, J. FRANKLIN REIGART, CHARLES M. HOWELL, JOHN HERR, GEO. HENSEL. On motion, the report was unanimously adopted, and ordered to be signed by the officers of the Institute, and published an the several newspapers of this city. R. H. LONG, President. Wm. E. Heinitsh, Secretary. Sunday School Pic Nic. —One of the larg est Sunday School Pic Nics ever held in this city was that given by the Sabbath School attached to St. Mary’s Oath olic Church, Vine street, at Landis’ Woods, on Wednesday last. To add to the attractions of the scene the Fenciblea’ Band was engaged, and throughout the day discoursed their choicest music. All of enjoyment was in store for the little ones. The venerable Father Kknan and Rev. Mr. Balf, the Pastors of the Church, were pres ent, and eQtered heartily into the festivities. Tfie beam ing countenance, and good word for every one, of Father K. had the effect of making it one of the most delightful Pic Nics of the season. No minister is more beloved by hia congregation, and none more popular with all denomina tions in this city, than Rev. Bernard Keenan. The Washington Pic Nic.—The Third Annual Pic Nic of Washington Fire Company, No. 4, came off on Thursday last a£ the beautitul retreat known as Rocky Spring. Sixteen heavily-loaded omnibuses passed up East King street iu the morning for the Pic Nic grounds, preceded by the Fenciblea’ Band, discoursing their finest music. We attended the Pic Nic in the afternoon and were much pleased with the admirable arrangements for the comfort and convenience of visitors. The attendance was very large, but every thing passed off in the most agreeable and orderly manner. The managers were un_ tiring In their attentions to all. The dancing music (Kef fer’s Orchestra) was particularly floe and the “merry lads and lassies” were all grace and activity when “tripping it .ou the light fantastic to*.” Many ofour prominent citl zens were present. Among the “knights of the quill" ou the ground we noticed Messrs. Cochran, Hiestand, Hecs ert and Oder. May the Washington long exist to witness the return of many such happy social gatherings. —We are pleased to learn that between $9O aod $lOO has been realized, over and abovo all expenses, from the proceeds of this Pic Nic. At a business meeting of the managers, heltj on Friday evening, in the Hall of the Com pany, North Queen street, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted: Resolved, That the thauks of Washington Fire Company, No. 4, are hereby tendered, in this public manner, to the citizens of Lancaster for their kindly appreciation of our efforts. Their large attendance at our Pic Nic on yesterday we take as an earnest of their hearty good feeling and whole souled generosity toward us. “United be our efforts” to prove worthy the renewed confidence tbns reposed in us by onr fellow-citizens. Resolved, That we feel happy in being able to make men tion that our Pic Nic was graced with so large an out pouring of the Fair Sex ; and onr thanks are especially due, and cordially given, those Ladies who so ably superintended the culinary and other departments, and who so well un derstand the .manner of arranging the little matters per taining to such a gathering so as to conduce to the comfort and pleasure of all. Resolved, That we acknowledge our indebtedness to the Press of this city for their many flattering notices of our selves and our different enterprises. Resolved, That the city papers be requested to publish these resolutions. HENRY M. WHITE, Chairman. J. Fred’s Sener, Secretary. Fawkes' Steam Plow. —Oar readers will doubtless be gratified to learo that Mr. Fawkes has con* tented to give au exhibition of the working of bis Ste&m Plow in this city. : ~ It will take place on the grounds of the Agricultural and Mechanical Society, College Avenue, commencing on Thursday, the 4th of August, and contin uing three days. This, we can assure our readers, will be one of the most interesting exhibitions they have ever had the opportunity of attending, and we trust the citizens of Lancaster County will give a Lancaster County Inventor the substantial compliment of turning out in thousands on this occasion. In order to defray the expenses, etc., Mr. F. will be obliged to charge an admittance fee of 25 cents. Indeed, he has not only spent all his means in perfecting this invention, but he is embarrassed in his financial affairs, and it is not too much for us to say that Lancaster County should do more on this occasion than defray his expenses. He has named the new machine the “Lancaster? in honor of his native county, and its every triumph on the great prairies of the West, whither it is tp be taken, will but add to the fame of the already famous birth-place of Fulton. Discharged. —The three men arrested on suspicion of having murdered the man and woman found dead near the Columbia pike, three miles west of this city —and which we noticed last week—were released by the Mayor on Monday evening. The Coroner’s Jury, after an analyzation of the contents of the stomachs by Drs.’A. J Carpenter and J. F. Huber, returned a verdict that they died from exposure and intemperance—hence the discharge of the persons arrested. Col. Stahbaugh for Utah. —We learn from' The Washington States, of Wednesday last, that Col. S. 0. Stambauqh, of this city, recently appointed Surveyor Gen eral for the Territory of Utah, is now in that city for the purpose of receiving final instructions from the Commls sioner of the General Land Office, In relation to the resump tion of the surveying service in Utah, which, owing to the Mormon difficulties in past years, has been suspended. We 'further understand, says The States, that the Instructions have been communicated to Col. Stambauqh,' and that he proposes to depart for the sphere of his duties as soon as he completes bis an&ngements in securing the necessary" assistance in the performance of the duties devolved under the instructions. The Gap Outrage —The Fiend in Prison. —We stated a week or two since that there were hopes of the identification and arrest of the negro who committed the brutal outrage upon the little girl Connelly, in Salis bury township. On Saturday week a negro named Henry Anderson was arrested at Columbia on suspicion of being the guilty party, and he was taken to the Gap, b f officer Hollingsworth, where Anderson was fully identified as the author of the outrage. He was accordingly committed for trial by the Justice of that district, and officer H. brought him up in the Lancaster Train and committed him to prison. This outrage, in diabolical atrocity, was unparallel ed ip this county by any crime short of murder, and common humanity has cause to rejoice that the fiend has been secured. He stated when arrested that he would rather die in Columbia than face the people where he had out raged the girl. Drowned. —Early od Tuesday evening last a young man, named Eshleman, in connection with his father add several others, while fishing with sturgling nets in Mill Creek, below Herr’s Mill, was accidentally drowned. The young man was in the water driving the fish towards the net, when he got into a deep place and, It is supposed, was seized with an attack ef the cramp; As soon as his companions saw the peril he was in, they did all in their power to rescue him, but without success—the father narrowly escaping the same fate in his attempt to save his son. The young man was between the age of 21 and 22 years, and resided at the saw mill, at the first lock On the Conestoga, with his father, John Eshleman. The body was recovered. Military Election.—Maj. Benj. F. Cox, Brigade Inspector of this Brigade, gives notice to the dif ferent companies to pjeet at their armories on Thursday next, to elect a Brigadier General; to fill the vacancy caused by the election of General Shaxefeb to the Major General ship of tiie 2d Division. A Row among the JEeonahts. —We have apprehended a row among the balloon adventurers. It is fortunate it did not break out before they reached terra firma. The partial success attained was insufficient for four individuals given to these lofty flights— ; the honor too meagre for repeated sob-divisions. Each has, perhaps, claimed too mneh, and 01-feeling is the consequence. The several accounts by no means tally. Ho two agree. Of that the public are confident. It matters Uttle, however, who of the four voyagers slept daring that terrible night, and who did not. Few will envy them their nap. Bnt Mr. La Mountain has been betrayed Into an attempt to provoke a newspaper controversy. He Inflates himself terribly to elicit a rejoinder from Mr. Wise; charges Wise with a want of foresight, and with the loss of 5000 feet of gas as tbe< result, of a single nap; says Wise had no part in the experiment, but accompanied him on his invitation; that Wise lacks science, and that he will yet cross the Atlantic in the month of October. He closes with a general chal lenge to Wise for a trial trip from Ran Francisco to the Atlantic. And now comes Mr. Gager, who says positively (and no one ought to know better) that Mr. Wise was a partner in the balloon, owning the same share as Mr. La Mountain, namely, one-quarter, and that he yet owns it.— We rather incline to the opinion that La Mountain has overshot the mark in his effort to detract from the well earned reputation of Mr. Wise. His very slight experience in ballooning has doubtless had the effect of inflating him with an nonsnal quantity of self-importance, and he only makes himself ridiculous in his silly attempt to soar too high. W%are not disposed to leave terra firma as long as a kind Providence permits ns to remain on this lower sphere; bnt if we felt inclined to soar aloft above the clouds, we should much prefer John Wise as an Engineer to John La Mountain. The Great County of Lancaster—lts Crops and Resources. —Oar neighboring cotemporary, the Wrightsville Star, has taken some pains to compile a sta tistical view of the resources of our county, in which he very satisfactorily shows that this “garden connty is a state within itself, and has all the elements of greatness within its fertile limits.” Lancaster county has an area 0f.950 square miles, and will yield this year a large quan tity of breadstuff's, the grain crop being remarkably good, and now all secured, to be ready for threshing. This connty, in the value of its agricultural productions, is not equalled by any county in the State. In 1850 it produced 1,803,312 bushels of Indian Corn; 1,365,111 of Wheat; 1,678,321 of Oats; 215,277 of Potatoes; 96,134 tons of Hay, and 1,907,843 pounds of Batter. The quantity of Oats was the greatest raised in any county In the United States; that of Wheat the greatest in any except Monroe county, in New York; and that of Corn greater than any other county of the State. The Star says : “The crop of Wheat this joss is mnch larger than that of 1850, and will no doubt exceed 2,000.000 bushels. The whole county contains an area of 608,000 acres, one-tenth part of which, it may be safe to say, is, or was, in wheat this season. Mr John Liudemau, a farmer of Turkey Hill, Manor twp., states that a portion of his wheat crop this year yielded on an average more than 35 bushels to the acre, and weighed 65 pounds per bnshel; and it is the opinion of intelligent men, based on observation, that the average yield per acre, this year, will bo over 30 bushels. Taking into view the fact that a mnch larger space or number of acres have been cultivated this year, than 1850, we may safely set this year’s crop at 2,000.000 bnshels.— Reasoning from this wheat data, we risk little in putting the corn eorp of this year, which is now very promising, at 2,250,000 bushels. Calculating from the same premises, we will put the oats crop this season at 2,000,000 busbeU, and the potato crop at 250,000 bushels. Hay, we will put for this crop, at 120,000 tons. The increase in butter will probably swell that item to 2,500,000 pounds. In addition to which there has been raised this year not less than 500,000 bushels of Rye. Estimating Wheat at $1 5u a bushel, Kye at 80 ceuts, Oats at 30, and Potatoes at 40 coots per bushel, the Hay at $lO per ton, and Butter at 10 cents per pound, we have an aggregate of over $7,000,000 as the value of one year’s crop or prodnptlon of this fertile coqnty, tp say nothing of the Tobacco crop, the Beef, and other mar ketable articles, which would swell the amount so as to exceed $8,000,000 in value. “The population of Lancaster connty, which was 99,760 in 1850, is doubtless now considerably over 100,000 souls; and according to the above statistics of grain, Ac., the yield is at the rate of eighty dollars worth of produce for every man, woman and child In the county. The assessed value of the real estate of the County in 1850 was 25,324,391 dol lars—personal property, 6,468,878 dolls. The assessed value of the real and personal property in the County, as fixed by the Revenue Commissioners of the State in the year 1807, was 35,249,549 dollars, showing an increase in value In seven years of 3,456,190 dollars. “We should be pleased to give a like flattering state of things in onr own county, York, but, not having the sta tistics just at band, we must defer it for the present! We may mention, however, that in 1850 we produced more tobacco than any county in the State. In that year the crop footed up 418,555 pounds.” The Mount Vernon Fund.—We notice that Miss M’Callister, Vice Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association for Pennsylvania, acknowledges the receipt of $1,064.36, of which amount $124.37 is from Miss Catharine Yeates, Lady Manager of the Association for Lancaster County. The amount acknowledged from Miss Yeates is fully up to the average of that received from the other districts of the State. Cornee Stone Laying. —The corner stone of the new African Union Church, on Charlotte, between Walnut and Lemon streets, was laid on Sunday afternoon last- Rev. Messrs. Walters, Orr and Gerhart assisted in the services. A very large crowd of people were present, who manifested mnch disappointment at the non-appear ance of tfie clergymen advertised to officiate, and whose absence caused much delay in the exercises. Departure of Trains, and Closing of the Mails at the City Post Office. —The different Passenger Trains on the Pennsylvania and branch railroads leave this oity as follows: Fast Line....... Through Express Lancaster Accommodation. Mail Train Harrisburg Accommodation LEAVE WESTWARD. Through Express. Mail Train. Harrisburg Accommodation. Lancaster Accommodation.. Emigrant Train. CLOSINQ OF MAILS Bt RAILROAD. Eastern Through Mail—For Philadelphia, New York and Eastern States, at 6.45 a. m., 1% p. m., and 8 p. m. Way Mail East—For Philadelphia and intermediate offic&e, at 6.45 a. m. Western Through Mail—For Columbia, Harrisburg, Pitts burg and Western States, at 9)4 a. m., and 8 p. m. Way Mail West—For Landisville, Elizabethtown, Mount Joy, Middletown, Harrisburg, Lewistown, Huntingdon, Tyrone, Altoona, Hollidaysburg (and Way Mail between Altoona and Pittsburg.) at 9)4 a. m. Southern Mail—For Columbia, York, Baltimore, Washing- C., and Southern States, at a. m. Pittsburg Throngh Mail, at 1)4 p. m. For Strasburg, via: Camargo, Quarryville, Martinsville, and New Providence, at 6.45 a. m. ARRIVAL 0? HAILS BT RAILROAD. Through Mail East 1)4 a- m., 10)4 a. m., and 2)4 p. m Way Mail East 10i| a. m Through Mail West 9)4 a. m., and 2 iZ p. m Way Mail West 9)4 a- m., and o p. m Southern Mall. CLOSING OP MAILS ON THE STAGE ROUTES. For Reading, via: Neflsville, Litiz, Rothsville, Kphrata, Reamstown, Adamstown and Gouglersvilie, daily, at 8 a. m. For Lebanon, via: East Hempfield, Manheim, White Oak, Mount Hope and Cornwall, daily, at 2 p. m. For Millersville and Blackwater, Tri-weekly, Tuesday Thursday and Saturday, at 1 p. m. For Bafe Harbor, Tri-weekly, Tuesday, Thursday and Sat urday, at 1 p. m. For Hinkletown, via: Landis Valley, Oregon, West Earl, and Farmersville, Tri-weekly, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 2 p. m. For Paradise, via; Greenland and Soudersburg, daily, at 3 p. m. For Litiz, via: Neflsville, dally, 2p. m. For Marietta, via: Hempfield and Silver Spring, Tri-weekly, Tuesday, Thursday aud Saturday, at 6 a. m. For Strasburg, via: Fertility and Wheatland Mills, daily at 2 p. m. For Lampeter, daily, at 2 p. m. For New Holland, via: Binkley’s Bridge, Leacock, Barevilie, Beartown, Bowmansville and Muddy Creek, Tri-weekly, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 12 m. For Phceuixville, via: New Holland, Blue Ball, Goodvillo, Churchtowu, Morgantown, Honeybrook, Chester Springs, and Klmberton, Tri-weekly,Tuesday, Thursday and Sat urday, at 12 m. For Port Deposit, Md., via: Willow Street, Smithvllle, Buck, Chpsnnt Level, Green, Pleasant Grove, Rock Springs; Md.; and Rowlandsville,Md., Tri-weekljy Monday, Wednes day and Friday, at 6 a. m. For Colebrook, via: Swarr’s Mill, Old Line, Sporting Hill and Mastersonville, SemLweekly, Monday and Friday, at 6 a. m. For Vogansvllle and Terre Hill, Trl-weekly, Monday, Thurs day and Saturday, at 2 p. m. For liberty Square, via: Conestoga, Marticvilie, Coleman ville, Mount Nebo, Bethesda and Rawlinsville, Semi weekly, Tuesday and Saturday, at 1 p. m. For New Danville, weekly, Wednesday, at 9 a. m. Office hours, from 7a.m.t08 p. m. On Sunday, from 9 to 10 a. m. Postage to California, Oregon and Washington Territo ries, 10 cents. Letters, alleged to be valuable, will be registered, and a receipt given therefor, on application and payment of the registration fee of five cents, in addition to the regular postage. All letters are required to be pre-pald with stamps befor they can be mailed: H. B. Swash, Postmaster. Appointment. —Gen. B. A. Shaeffer has appointed Mr. C. Herr Brady, of this place, to bis staff, with the rank of Major. We expect to have a glance at his commission in a few days. This will not take our cit izens by surprise, when it is remembered how well he ran kt the recent election and how much attention he has paid to military matters. The General has made an excellent selection, and the friends of Mr. Brady will appreciate the kindness. —Mount Joy Ucrald. Toothache. —This disease can be cured by Dr. Kstser’s Toothache Remedy, prepared by him in Pitts burg, Pa., which is put in bottles and sold at 25 cents each. It is an excellent medicine, when diluted, for spongy and tender gums, and is worth ten times its price to all who need It. Sold here by C. A. Heioitah. THE EDITORS* BOOK TABLE, THE KNICKERBOCKER, for August, has been on our table for several days, and a capital number it is in every respect, as well in reading matter as in embellishments. The illustrated article on Cape May, alone, Is worth the price of the number. The contents are as follows, viz : 1. Cape May; 2. The Harvest Storm; 3. A Stranger in Gotham; 4. The Omnibus Driver; 5. Metaphor of Birth and Death; 6. Palissy the Potter; 7. Marcus Antonias; 8. Romance and Reality; 9. The Romance of a Poor Young Man; 10. Palmer’s Marble Medallions; 11. The Heart History of a Heartless Woman; 12. A Song; 13. The Civilization of Algeria; 14. Literary Notices; 15. The Editor’s Table. BOYS’ A GIRLS’OWN MAGAZINE. Published monthly by William L. Jones, 152 Sixth Avenue, New York, at 6 cents a number. The August number is handsomely illustrated. The contents are as follows : The Avenger; The Horse Shoe; Anatomy; The Bishop and the Birds; Dick Redcap; Who Teaches the Birds; Wbat I See and Hear of the Avenne ; Nature’s Electrical Machines; The Sewing Girl’s Vase of Flowers; Uncle’s Arm Chair; The Brother’s Quarrel; The Ten Fairies; The Essayist; Charades; Enigmas, Ac., Ac. BLACKWOOD’S EDINBURG MAGAZINE, (American edition) for July, has been received from Sprenger A West haeffer. The contents are as follows : 1. Lord Macaulay and the Massacre of Glencoe. 2. The Lifted Veil. - 3. Dr. Hansel’s Btmpton Lectures. 4. The Luck of Ladyimede—Part 5. 5. Sentimental Physiology. 6. The Novels of Jane Austen. 7. The Change of MinlftrypWfcat next? European Folly.—- An eminent French etatician states that the land and naval forces of the European armies number 2,800,000 sound, picked men, in the prime of their pro* daotive strength. The annual outlay required to keep up their armies and the material of war is over $400,000,000, not including the, valne of land or buildings occupied by fortifi cations, arsenals, hospitals, foundries, schools, &c., moderately estimated at $3,800,000,000, on whioh, at 4 per cent, interest, the yearly ■expense ia more than $150,000,000. To this add the value of the labor which these men would productively perform, which amounts to more than $156,000,000, and we have an annual war expense paid by European pro ducers of nearly $800,000,000. gjgyThe Philadelphia P. O. Department has established over 300 iron P. 0. boxes attaohed to the lamp posts of that oity, into whioh letters destined for the Post Office are dropped. The lid will always close by its own weight to keep wet out, and by a casting inside the drop hole, the letter, when once dropped in, cannot be seen or extracted until the box is opened by the proper key. There are four collections a day, and one*on Sunday. Sensible. —The Mobile (Alabama) Regis, ter, one of the ablest and most influential of the Southern papers, edited by Mr. Forsyth, late Minister to Mexico, talks sense upon the subject of a “slave code,” as follows: “ The true doctrine is to regard and treat slaves* as property, and afford them all the protection by law to whioh any other species of property is entitled. The 4 theory * that is in our opinion 4 untenable * is to discriminate between this and other kinds of property.— There is no warrant for the distinction that we can find, in the Constitution or elsewhere. We see no more claim to call upon Congress to make a ‘slave code 1 for the Territories than to make a ‘horse code/ and if CoDgress were to make forty thousand suoh codes, there would be neither slaves nor horses in the Ter ritories if the people did not want them there, and if the people did want them, there would he no occasion for any such Congressional code. This is just one of those stubborn facts that are proof against philology, casuis try, or logic. The dispute is about nothing, and will come to nothing. Before the Charles ton Convention meets the people of America will find this out. Let politicians look out, for, as Senator Thompson, of Kentucky says, 4 It will be dangerous to stand on the outside platform when the oars are in motion. 1 M The Pennsylvania Railroad. —Duringthe last year, as appears from the annual report of the Peunsylvania Railroad Company, there have been carried over this road, 1,012,808 passengers and 16,862 emigrants, and not a single life has been lost. With railroads, as with other institutions, it is most fair to judge them by their fruits, and nothing could be said in favor of the character and manage ment of this great work, which would so fairly attest their perfection. It should be kept in mind that the greater part of this road is in a mouutainous region, where the danger is far greater than in a level country. Passen gers are carried almost to the very sumipit of the Allegheny, an elevation of two thousand feet above tidewater. A traveller in the night line on this road may sleep with aa much confidence as if he were in his bed at home. FROM WASHINGTON. The President has appointed J. A. Cush man of Mississippi, Minister to the Argentine Confederation, in place of Mr. Yancey, resigned. Arrangements have just been completed fur the publication in this city of a political and literary magazine, to be called the Nation al Democratic Quarterly Review, under the editorship of Col. Thomas B. Florence, of Philadelphia, assisted by eminent contribu tors. It is to be the expositor of the present and all future Democratic administrations. Mr. Barringer has formally declined the Central American mission. The opinion ia entertained that all the pending questions in that quarter can be adjusted by a properly qualified representative. The despatches from Mr. M’Lane, the American Minister, present no striking or interesting facts, in addition to the newspaper accounts of Mexican affairs already published. 4.00 a. m. 7.21 a. m. .3.40 a. m. 2.29 p. m. ......1.33 a. m. A New and Dangerous Counterfeit. —We have received the following description of a dangerous counterfeit on the Bank of North America, from Messrs. Imlay & Bioknell, editors of the Bank Note Reporter; “ A new and very dangerous counterfeit $5 note, purporting to be the true issue of the Bank of North America, of this city, has just made its appearanoe. Vignette-—letter V, with an Indian squaw, with liberty cap, shield, globe and eagle, floating in olouds; on right of vignette, head of a woman in oval die, figure five in each corner, locomotive and cars in oval die on right end, the word Jive and figure five on left end. The counterfeit note is a quarter of an inch shorter than the genuine. The head of Franklin on the left of vig., in the counterfeit has a much youthful appearanoe than in the genuine.— The eyes are not as perfect as in genuine, having the appearance of dots. The ohin and ear of Franklin in counterfeit are not so clearly defined as in genuine. The signatures of President and Cashier are heavier than in genuine, and the note coarser. All the late issues of the Bank of this place are tinted We are informed by the officers that the Bank designs calling in all notes of this plate and issuing a new one. .10.27 a. m. A Man Melted to Death.— James Doyle, a blacksmith by trade, died in Chicago, last Friday, under the following circumstances, as detailed by the Times of that city: “ He was an extremely athletic person in appearance, and was considered by his fellow workmen as possessing a remarkable degree of strength and bodily vigor. On Thursday he worked iq the shop as usual until 6 o'clock, when he went to Bupper in as pood health &4 usual. After supper he complained of extreme heat, and continued to complain until 12 o'clock, when he went to bed. At 3 o'clock, in the morning, his room-mate awoke and found him breathing his laßt. A post mortem examination revealed no unusual appearance of the body, except a remarkable and unusual quantity of adipose matter. By overwork aud the heat of the day he was literally melted down. The Coroner's jury found this to be the cause of his death. Queer Story. —The Cincinnati Times is responsible for a story that a gentleman living in that city, and well-to-do, married about ten years ago, and after living with his wife soine five years he concluded to get a divorce, on account of the unhappiness of their domestio relations. The wife assented, and he applied to the Courts and was successful. A year passed, and he concluded to venture once more in the matrimonial market, and see if be could not find one who would make his home happier than the first. In thiß he was successful, and a short time afterward his divorced wife applied to him for work in his family in the capacity of servant girl. The situation was given her, and she now does the work in the house of which she was once mistress. Woman Torn to Pieces by Dogs. —Mrs. i Margaret Slaiterly, the wife of a sober, hon est and bard man, living on Win chester street'and the bayou, while crossing the latter place with a bucket of water in her bands, was attacked by a number of vicious dogs, and her limbs literally bitten to the bone. Mr. McGraw, living in the vipinity, hearing the agonizing shriekß of the yiotim, hastened to her assistance, and received a severe bite upon the calf of the leg. Officer Boyte and Mr. Sheridan soon after arrived, and securing a couple of shot-guns, killed four of the brutes and severely wounded another. After the sufferer had been taken home, Dr. Shanks was called in, and that gentleman sewed up the wounds and admin istered morphine to her, so that she might be eased of the horrible pangs she was enduring. There are little hopes of her recovery.— Mem* phis Eagle and Enquirer , 15th. Hon. James L. Gillis, of Pennsylvania, has been appointed a special agent to the Pawnee Indians, with the view of arranging all matters of difference between them and the United States Government. Washington, July 22.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers