€t)e Lancaster Intelligencer GEO. SAHDERSOK, EDITOR* A. BAXDERSON, Associate. LANCASTER, PA., MAY.A7,1859 ciaoirLAnov, iooo'Corus! Bowpumos $3,00 p«*xmnm. ■' > 49* & m. pbuibh, a 00/i Aiwmisiiq Aspot, 119 Nunn street, New York, snd lO Ststs »tr*e£ Boston. ■ 8. M. Pmnrenx A Oa, are Agrata to ThtLanraster hsteUxgeiuxf> irnd toajwwt Inflnentiil and Isrjeetelrenl*' ting Kewipaperi in.tha bnltedStafes iradtfcs CanAdsrf.— They are anthorixed to contract for oa at our lowest rates DEMOCRATIC STATE NOMINATIONS --- - RICHARDSON WRIGHT, PbUada. SURVEYOR GENERAL: JOHN ROWE, Franklin. THE WAR COfiIBIENCED. JWe have three days later news from Earope this morning by the steamers Weser .and Dorussia, at New York on Sunday evening. As was expected, the war has commenced in earnest The Austrians and Sardinians have had a battle, in which the Austrians were victorious. The indications are that a war has commenced that will be terrible in its effects. French troops are pouring into Genoa. Several Sardinian vessels have been seised by the Austrians, and Pros* sia, England, and Turkey are preparing themselves for the conflict. In England the elections have resulted in favor of the Derby Ministry. The report of the wreck of the ship Pomona, near Wexford, Ireland, is con firmed, and 386 lives were lost by the disaster. NEGROES vs. FOREIGNERS. On Monday week the people of Massachu setts determined by a large majority—some six thousand votes —that their Constitution shall be so amended as to require foreigners to reside two years in the State after naturali zation before they become qualified to vote. The Democratic party—unfortunately always in the minority in the old Bay State— unanimously opposed it at the polls ; but their opposition was of no avail, as the Black Republicans and Know-Nothings are largely in the ascendency. Negroes are permitted to vote in Massachu setts. A runaway slave from a Southern State beoomes a voter there after one year's residence. How immeasurably above white foreigners do the Black Republicans place negroes 1 And yet, strange to say this party obtains the votes of many foreign born citizens! But let it not be said that such a distinguish ing privilege only obtains in Massachusetts —that it meets with no countenance in other States. In the Legislature of Michigan, at its last session, the Black Republicans brought forward a proposition to give the negroes in that State the privilege of voting ; but, at the same time, rejeoted the proposition, made by a Democratic member, to give the same privilege to unnaturalized foreigners on simi lar terms—the terms being a freehold of two hundred and fifty dollars. And in the great State of New York the Black Republicans are committed to the Massachusetts dootrine by resolution of their last State Convention. Registry laws, too, wherever passed, are designed to embarrass the exercise of the elective franchise by adopted oitizens. The above are facts which should be pondered upon by our naturalized citizens. How much longer will any of them adhere to a party which seeks to degrade them below the level of the negro in point of privileges ? We leave the answer to their calm and serious consideration. RICKING IN THE TRACES J The National Americans, of this State, have called a Convention to assemble in Har risburg on the 25th of May. This movement gives much uneasiness to the Republican leaders, who begin to fear that the Americans will dare to have opinions of their own, and live up to them. The Black Republicans have so long used the Americans for their own purposes, that they consider it moral treason for the latter to think and act for themselves. OCEAN MAIL CONTRACTS. The contract for carrying the U. S. Mail between New York and San Francisco, via Nicaragua, has been awarded by the Post master General to Daniel H. Johnson, of New York, at $162,000, for semi-monthly service for nine months, from the Ist of October next. The ,schedule time between New York and San Francisco is not to exceed 23 days ; and between New Orleans and San Francisco, 20 days. SUPERINTENDENT OF PRINTING!. John Heart, Esq., formerly editor of the Charleston Mercury, has been appointed Superintendent of Public Printing, by the President, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Gen. Bowman. Arrival of Mr. Reed. —The late Minister to China, Hon. William B. Reed, arrived at his home in Philadelphia, on Wednesday last, after an absence of nearly two years. He was met at Jersey City by a number of bis personal and political friends. An invitation to a public dinner has been tendered him and acoepted. Promotion. —We are pleased to announce the promotion of our friend, Thomas J. Al bright, Esq, formerly of Maytown, in this county, to a third class Clerkship ($1,600) in the General Land Office, at Washington City. Mr. A. has the reputation of being one of the most efficient and industrious Clerks in that Department, and his promotion has been well merited. FIRES AT HARRISBURG. Harrisburg, May 13. Two barns attached to the State Lunatic Asylum were burned last night, together with their contents. Four horses were burned to death, and the wagons, harness, and reapers of the establishment were destroyed. The loss is estimated at $4,000. Two tenant houses adjoining were also considerably damaged. Martin Henry Wolf, formerly an inmate of the Hospital, has been arrested and commit ted to jail, on suspicion of having set fire to the property. Another fire occurrred at two o'clock this morning. The barn attached to the Dauphin eounty Poor House was destroyed, together with the contents—twenty five tons of hay, one hundred bushels of rye, and other Eroducts of the farm. Four mules, five orses, and sixteen horned cattle, were burnt to death. The loss is estimated at $4,000 or $5,000. It is supposed that both fires were oaused by the same individual, (Wolf) as he escaped yesterday from the Poor House. ' Six Murderers Sentenced. —ln New York, on Saturday, Judge Davis of the Supreme Court passed sentence upon six murderers, as follows: " • The young Chinaman, Quimbo Appo, who murdered Mrs. Fletcher, was sentenced to be hung; Jean Bosquet, the Italian who murdered a fellow countryman, to the peniten tiary for life ; Michael Flynn, who killed Freeman Cutting, ten years' imprisonment; John Glass, ex-policeman, for the murder of William'Decker, twenty years' imprisonment; James Higgins, an accomplice in the same crime, twenty years; John Peromer, who ■lulled Charles F«. Sturgis in a restaurant, four years' imprisonment. The Court also sentenced Joe Coburn, the fighting man, to three years in the penitentiary,for a deadlyassault upon a policeman while in the discharge of his duties. .Large Failure. Little, the well broker of New York, has failed to the mnoant of two millions of dollars. THE DRED SCOTT DECISION. ■dpitydlrtiDCt Popular Sparer* ;© r‘ Sore relg nity. The following important and conclusive article we copy from the WashiOgton Constitution of the 13 th inst. fr ’is so clear and, cogont in its reasonings and conclusions in defence of the Bred Scott Decision and the action of the Administration in reference to tlie doctrine of Popular Sovereignty, that he who read v and underetand. We b'ecpeak for it a carefol pernsahy The DredSoott Decision. We pnblish in our eofnmns to-day by far the most interesting portion of the opinion of the .Supreme. Court of the. United States in this celebrated case. 'This extract embraces the pith and marrow of tbe decision, and demonstrates the want of power, either in Congress or a territonaliegisiature, to deprive a citizen of his property in a slave within a territory. The Court decide that there is no difference between property in a slave and any other propettyi In either case,-Congress' is expressly prohibited from exercising any such power. In the language of the Court, “ the right of property in a slave is distinctly and expressly affirmed in the Constitution.” “ No word can be found in tbe Constitution which gives Congress a greater power over slave property, or which entitles property of that kind to less protection, than property of any other description.” If, then, Congress itself cannot deprive the citizens of a Terri tory of their property in slaves—if this “is beyond tbe powers conferred on the Federal Government —it will be admitted, we presume, (say the Court,) that it could not authorize a territorial government to exercise ” such a power. “It could confer no power on any local government established by its authority to violate the provisions of the Constitution.” Thus stand the Constitution and the law.— But what say the advocates and disoiples of squatter-sovereignty? They assert, in the very face of this decision of the Supreme Court, that a territorial legislature possesses the power, by hostile and unfriendly legisla tion, • rightfully to deprive citizens of a Territory of their property in slaves, or, in other words, that the members of such a legislature may rightfully violate their oaths to support the-Constitution of the United States. If the doctrine should ever be put in practice that a territorial legislature may abolish slavery, either by direct or indirect legislation, this would as effectually exclude any slaveholding State from admission into the Union hereafter as though the prohibition were written in the Constitution—and for the plain reason that no such State can ever be formed. Tbe first emigrants who rush to a new Territory / are never slaveholders.— Property is cautious and timid. If the first legislature elected by these pioneers can pass laws to exclude slavery from a Territory, slaveholders will never thereafter attempt to force themselves into it, and the right of the citizens of the >outhern States to enjoy the common property under the Constitution will be annihilated. But should we be mistaken in this, and should a territorial legislature undertake to decide the question of slavery, it would necessarily produce such scenes as we have already witnessed in Kansas. The struggle between tbe slaveholders to maintain their property and the free State men to destroy it would continue throughout their whole territorial existence. Every election for members of the legislature would be contested with the utmost violence, and every legislative assembly would present a scene of turbulence and commotion. How different would be the effect of the dootrine of genuine popular sovereignty, or, in other words, that of true democracy, on the peace and prosperity of the people of the Territories and of the whole Union 1 Under it, every citizen of the United States who thought proper would emigrate to the Terri tories with whatsoever was property in the State he had lefr; and all would live together in harmony until the Territory should acquire a sufficient population to be admitted as a State. Then, when about to pass from a territorial condition to that of a State, endowed by its very nature with the attributes of popular sovereignty, they will decide for themselves, in tbe formation ot their consti tution, whether the new State shall be a free or. a slave State. In the language of Mr. Buchanan’s Inaugural, “ The whole territorial question being thus settled upon the principle of popular sovereignty—a principle as ancient as free government itself—everything of a practical nature has been decided.” And again : “ What a happy conception, then, was it for Congress to apply the simple rule —that the will of the majority shall govern — to the settlement of the question of domestic slavery in the Territories!” Congress is neither “to legislate slavery into any Territory or State, nor to exclude it therefrom, but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institu tions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United States.” The Dred Scott Case. Extract from the opinion nf the Supreme Court United States, December term, 1856. 19 vol. Howard's Reports. But the power of Congress over the person or property of a citizen can never be a mere discretionary power under our Constitution and form of Government. The powers of the Government and the rights and privileges of the citi zen are regulated and plainly defined by the Constitution itself; and when the Territory becomesa part of the United States, the Federal Government enters into possession in the character impressed upon it by those who created it. It enters upon it with its powers over the citizen strictly defined and limited by the Constitution, from which it derives its own existence, and by vfituo of which alone it continues to exist and act as a Government and sovereignty. It has no power of any kind beyond it; and it cannot, when it enters a Territory of the United States, put off its character and assume discretionary or despotic powers which the Constitution has denied to it. It cannot create for Itself a now character separated from the citizens of the U. States, and the duties it owes them under the provisions of the Constitution The Territory being a part of the United States, the Government and the citizen both enter it undor the authority of the Constitution, with their respective rights defined and marked out; and the Federal Govern ment can exercise no power ovor his person or property beyond what that instrument confers, nor lawfully deuv any right which it has reserved. A reference to a few of the provisions of the Constitu tion will illustrate this proposition. For example, no one, we presume, will contend that Congress can make any law in a Territory respecting the establishment of religion, or the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or the right of the people of the Territory peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for the redress of griev ances. Nor can Congress deny to the people the right and bear arms, nor the right to trial by jury, nor compel one to be a witness against himselfin a criminal proceed ing. These powers, and others, in relation to rights of person, which it is not necessary here to enumerate, are, in express and positive terms, denied to the General Government; and the rights of private property have been guarded with equal care. Thus the rights of property are united with the rights of person and placed on the same ground by the fifth amendment to the Constitution, which provides that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, and property without duo process of law. And an act of Congress which deprives a citizen of the United States of his liberty or property merely because he came himself or brought his property into a particular Territory of the United Btates. and who had committed no offence against the laws, could hardly be dignified with the name of dne process of law. So, too, it will hardly be contended that Congress could by law quarter a soldi" • iD a house in a Territory without the consent of the owner, in time of peace; nor in time of war, but in a manner prescribed by law. Nor could they by law forfeit the property of a citizen in a Territory who was convicted of treason for a longer period than the life of the person convicted; nor take private property for public use without Just compensation. The powers over person and property of which we speak are not only not granted to Congress, but are in express terms denied, and they are forbidden to exercise them.— And this prohibition is not confined to the States, but the words are general, and eitend to the whole territory over which the Constitution gives It power to legislate, includ ing those portions ot it remaining under territorial govern ment, as well as that covered by States. It is a total absence of power every where within the dominion of the United States, and places the citizen of a Territory, so far os these rightsare concerned, on the same footing with citi zens of the States, and guards them as firmly and plainly against any in roads which the General Government might attempt, under the plea of implied or incidental powers. And if Congress itself cannot do this—if it is beyond the* powers conferred on the Federal Government—it will be admitted, we presume, that it could not authorize a terri torial government to exercise them. It could confer no power on any local government, established by its authori ty, to violate the provisions of the Contitution. It seems, however, to be supposed that there is a differ ence between property in a slave and other property, and that different rales may be applied to it in expounding the Constitution of the United States. And the laws and usages of nations, and the writings of eminent jurists upon the relation of master and slave and their mntual rights and duties, and the powers which Governments may exercise over it, have been dwelt upon in the argument. But, In considering the question before us, it must be borne in ffiind that there Is no law of nations standing between the people of the United States and their Govern ment, and interfering.with their relation to each other. The powers of the Government, and the rights of the citizen under it, are positive and practical regulations ilainly written down. The people of the United States lave delegated to it certain enumerated powers, and for- I bidden it to exercise others. It has no power over the I wrsou or property of a citizen bat what the citizens of the I United States have granted. And no laws or usages of other nations, or reasoning of statesmen or Jurists upon I the relations of master and slave, can enlarge the powers I of the Government, or take from the citizens the rights 1 they have reserved. And if the Constitution recognises i the right of property of the master in a slave, and makes ! no distinction between that description of property and j other property owned by a citizen, no tribunal, acting I under the authority of the United States—whether it bo ! legislative,,executive, or Judicial—has a right to draw such i a distinction, or deny to it the benefit of the provisions j and guarantees which have been provided for the protec- • tlon of private properey against the encroachments of the 1 Government. i Now, as we have already said in an earlier part of this opinion, upon a different point, the right of property in a slave is distinctly and expressly affirmed in the Constitu tion. The right to.traffic In It, like an ordinary article of merchandise and property, was guarantied to the citizens oPthe.United States, in every State that might desire it, for twenty years. And the Government, in express terms, is pledged to protect it in all future time, if the slave escapes from bis owner. This is done in plain words—too Plata to be misunderstood. And no word can be found in the Constitution which gives Congress a greater power over slave property, or which entitles property of that kind to less promotion, than property of any other description. The only power conferred U the. power eoopled with the duty of maiding and protecting the owner in his righ ts. j-j Upba thago CDTuidorations.it that thA act of Oongren which prohibited a citizen from holding and owning property of this kind in the territory of the United States north of the line therein mentioned. 4snot warranted by the Constitution’ and is therefore toIiJ; and that neither Dred Scott himself, nor aoy of N hla fathny, were made free by bring carried loto this territory ;eren -if,they had been carried there by the owner,: with the intention of becoming a permanent resident. IMPORTAJfT FROH EUBOPE* A General War Imminent* The Royal Mail steamship Persia, Capt jddkins,> which sailed -.from Li abouttSJ o’clock on the morning of the SOth April, arrived at New York on Wednesday morning. . ADVANCE nr THE AUSTRIAN ARMY INTO PIED- Daring the night of the 26th the Austrian army, amounting .to 120,000 men;” under the command in ohief nf General Gyluai, passed the._.Ticino in three corps d’armee, namely: One corps of 60,000, commanded by General Beodick, a second of 30,000, commanded by General Gyluai in person, and a third of 30,- 000 nnder General Zobel. The Austrians crossed over the Bridge of Buffalora, which they afterwards blew up. They took the road toward Novara. THE PROFFERED MEDIATION OF ENGLAND, The Times publishes the following tele graphic dispatch from a correspondent at Vienna: “Vienna, Wednesday morning—The British Government has offered its direct mediation between Austria and France upon the basis of Lord Cowley’s proposals. Austria, having accepted this offer, has postponed the declaration of war for a day or two. The French troops are now crowding into Sar dinia.” The Times says, “ we are sorry, however, to add that France has declined the offer made by the British Government.” The Paris Patrie of the 28th says: ** We learn a fact of great importance. If the Austrian army has not continued the offensive movement which it had begun, it is beoause the Austrian Cabinet has accepted the media tion proposed by England. At the same time we are assured the French Government has taken the offer of England into considera tion If this last news be correct, France may he convinced that this fresh evidence of moderation will not be given unless all guar antees be reserved whioh the present state of affairs demand.” The London Morning Post of the 29th says, there was still hopes for peace, as the last English offer of mediation was under the serious consideration of the Emperor of the French, and if the Austrians refrained from advancing a pacific settlement might still be made. The Emperor of the French and the Aus trian and English Ambassadors were in conference on the evening of the 27th. TUSCANY JOINS THE WAR. A Vienna dispatch of the 29th says: “ The official journal, The Austrian Correspondence, details all the faots by which the machinations of Piedmont, supported by France, have been unveiled. It also announces the departure of the Grand Duke of Tuscany and the fraternization of his army with the revolu tionists, and a revolt at Massa and Carrara, with the establishment of a Provisional Government. Austria must, therefore, draw the sword to maintain European order.” Nearly all the superior officers of the Tus can troops (15,000 men) presented themselves before the Grand Duke at Florence, and declared to him that to prevent the revolt of the army there was only one way, viz: to unite with Piedmont and to unfurl the tri color flag of Italian independence. The Grand Duke immediately sent for the Marquis of Sajatico, and begged him to iorm a new administration with a view of giving the reforms wanted. The Marquis answered that be could not undertake the task and save the dynasty, except on two conditions: First, the abdication of the Grand Duke. Second, a declaration of war against Austria and an alliance with France and Piedmont. The Grand Duke refused these conditions, and declared he would quit Tuscany immediately and let the people do what they pleased. The Grand Duke, after throwing himself upon the protection of the five great Powers, retired to Bologna. A military dictatorship had been proclaim ed in Tuscany, and, via Turin, it is stated that Victor Emmanuel had been made Dicta tor. THE FRENCH AND RUSSIAN TREATIES The statement that France and Russia bad entered into an offensive and defensive alliance lacks confirmation; indeed, the Paris Consti tutionoel says the statement is without foun dation, and it is likewise denied by the Paris correspondent of The Daily News. The Times believes it may state, upon authority not likely to prove incorrect, that the provisions of the probable treaties are as follows. The readers of The Daily News will find the opinions thus put forth by The Times as strikingly coincident with our own: By the first treaty Russia binds herself, in the event of France being at war with Austria, to assist France by the co-operation of her fleets' in the Baltic and the Mediter ranean, and, moreover, to place an army of observation, of not less than 50,000, on the Austrian frontier. This is the first treaty, and it is obviously directed immediately against England. France can have nothing to fear from the Navy of Austria. If she seeks to strengthen herself at sea, it must be against some first class Naval Power, and what other is there than England. This treaty is an agreement between France and Russia to unite the fleets ‘of the two Empires in order to keep the Davy of Eng land in check while one or both of the contracting parties may be engaged in effect ing some object hostile to the interest of the security of Great Britain. It is plain that the parties to this compact do not count upon the neutrality of England; and the existence of this precautionary treaty is in itself a proof that the enterprises which are thus to be protected are Such as it would be impossi ble for England to allow to pass unchal leDged. It may have been foreseen that the intentions of the two allied despots must provoke the resistance of all Germany, and render necessary the blockade of all the’porta upon the Baltic; and it may have been considered that, however peaceable may be the intentions of England, the contemplated impediments upon the Baltic commerce might render her absolute neutrality scarcely possible. The second treaty seems to have been suggested by some knowledge or suspicion of the intended action of Austria, for it provides that, in case Austria should invade Sardinia. Russia shall declare war against her within 15 days of her violation of the Piedmontese soil. No union can be closer than that which these treaties create. In the event of Austria invading Sardinia the two fleets will sail together in the Baltic and in the Mediter ranean, and the army of observation will occupy Hungary. It is said that the language of the French is changed in tone, and that the protectors are not choice in their terms of scorn for the means of defense possessed by the protected. The Times says it will be exceedingly, interesting to know the dates at which these treaties were concluded. j The Russian army of observation is no j lesssignificant than the unity of the Imperial I Davies. This corps will of course be employed to excite insurrection among the Hungarian and Sclave subjects of Austria, and it requires no great stretch of. imagination to foresee how quickly the flames would rise, and how far they would spread. We cannot tell the character nor measure the scope of the secret understanding which has prompted this offensive alliance. Perhaps the great design may rest, upon the Rhine on the one side, and may comprehend the Principalities, -or even lean upon the Bosphorus on the other. It is hard to believe that so small a matter as an Italian war could have rendered necessary such gigantic precautions against the navy of England , or such menacing demonstrations ; against the eastern provinces of Austria. I The Times maintains that England need I take no active part so long as war is confined I to Italy, or the invasion or the preservation j of the Italian territories. But if France and | Russia attack Austria in Germany, Russia, i seeking perchance her indemnity in the east ! of Europe, or if Prussia should be laid under a contribution of territory, then, indeed, the design of these treaties of offence would become no less than a partition of Europe, and the first principle of preservation would compel us to consider whether we can better ‘defend ourselves on the Continent of Europe or at our own homestead. However much we may desire to keep .clear of these oompli cations, the existence of a great Gorman Power is essential to our own safety. The Daily News asserts that no such treaties exist as those described by The Timos, and says that the convention or agreement to conclude a treaty which has been signed by the two Powers belongs to the same class of diplomatic documents as that Which England Crimean war. WAR PROCLAMATION BY THE KING OF SARDINIA A dispatch from Turin of the 27th says: “A royal proclamation by the King ,uf- Sardioia to the army has been published-tn day at 5 o’olock. The following lira's rim mar?: ' “The King regards the demand to disarm as an outrage on himself and the nation* and has, therefore, repelled the demand: with disdain. The King calls to mind Italy's, cry of anguish, and says r * I will be your captain ; I have proved your valor on the field of battle by the side of my illustrious father.— This time you will have for your comrades the gallant French- soldiers, - ypar companions on the Tchernaya, whom the Emperor has sent to support and defend our josfc and civilizing cause. Forward to victory ! Let our banner announce to you that our object, like our war cry, is the independence of Italy/” WARLIKE PREPARATIONS IN GREAT BRITAIN. Orders had been given at Woolwich for the hasty preparation of war materials ready for ; aoy sadden emergenoy, and the heads of departments were summoned by telegraph to meet at the War Office in London on the 28th ult. The Russian and Austrian Ministers had interviews with, the Earl of Malmesbury on the 28th. The London Advertiser says that a procla mation from the Queen was about to be issued calling out ten thousand men for the navy, and offering a bounty of £lO to each man as aD inducement to enter the service. The Channel Squadron, which had gone to the Mediterranean, was to be'immediately re called, and on the 27th four new ships-of-the line were placed in commission. The formation of volunteer rifle corps through England was being strongly, urged on the government ~ Large war insurances had been taken out at Lloyd’s by foreign shipowners, and on nearly all kinds of policies increased premi urns were demanded. Sardinian and Austrian vessels could scarcely be insured on any terms, and even for English for protracted periods, especially in the St Petersburg trade, a considerable addition was made. The Cunard screw steamer Etna was being surveyed preparatory to her being chartered by the British Government for the conveyance of troops to the Mediterranean. Negotiations for charters had also been initiated by the French Government, bnt it is stated that the Trans Atlantic shipping houses, having received instructions that all available means of transport would be required by the British Government, declined business with the French agents. It it stated that the French and Russian Governments have lately been proouring large supplies of charts and surveys of the English coast and of English stations on the Mediter raoean, and have likewise been engaged in making large purchases of coal irrespective of price or quality. SPAIN AND THE CONTEST. It is also intimated that an extensive order foroharts had been received from the Spanish Government, and the inference was that Spain would throw herself into the service of France. As inaoy as twenty seven gunboats of very light draught, together with some vessels of larger size, were building on the Thames for the Spanish Government. It was suggested that Spain might possibly he acting merely as the agent of others. French agents are said to have been very active of late in purchasing provisions for the army in Dublin and in other parts of Ireland. Large quantities of ammunition and guns were being shipped from England to Gibraltar and Malta. GREAT SUFFERING ON THE PLAINS TERRIBLE STORMS. An arrival at Nebraska City from Fort Kearney brings doleful accounts of the suffer ings from a sdow storm. The Journal says: He states that one uf the most Bevere snow storms ever experienced in that vicinity had recently fallen The snow on an average was three feet deep. There was great suffering among the Pike’s Peak and other emigrants who bad been caught out in the storm, and they could neither help themselves nor make any progress. At the Fort corn was selling at the unrea sonable and extraordinary price of four dollars per barrel. Major Vaughan, Indian Agent among the Blackfeet tribe, reached St. Louis on Saturday morning, on bis way to Washington, from his agency, having, as represented by the Republican, suffered terribly in his travels, losing his guide and interpreter in the snow. On the 11th of February an express arrived at Fort Benton, notifying Major Vaughan that the Blackfeet Indians were coming to receive their annuities. The express found him at the farm which he was opening for the Indians, under a treaty stipulation, about forty-five miles from Fort Benton, in the Sun River Valley. He at once resolved to go out and meet them. Starting the next morn ing, (the 12th,) with a well known guide and interpreter, by the name of Perot, he pursued hie journey until one or two P. M., the snow having commenced with their journey. At that hour the wind changed to the north, and it became intensely cold. The wind blew a perfect hurricane across the prairie, aDd so dense was the snow that an object could not be discerned at ten feet distance. They got lost, and at night Perot separated from Major Vaughan, and was not heard of afterward. For three days and two nights the Major kept traveling. His horse, with wonderful instinct, discovered the trail of another animal belong ing to D. M. Frost & Co., followed it, and brought up finally at Sun River Valley, from which the Major had taken his departure. During all this time he had nothing to eat, and when he reached camp it was found that his cheeks, nose, fingers and toes were frost bitten, and it required great effort to relieve him from the pain thus produced. As soon as possible thereafter, two Indians and three whites were dispatched to find Mr. Perot, but it was only to discover his dead body, greatly disfigured by the attacks of the wolves, &c. Major Vaughan reports that there is universal peace prevailing among the tribes. There had been more than the usual number of buffalo in the Blackfeet country, and the trading houses of P. Chouteau, jr., & Co., and D. M. Frost & Co., had done an excellent business. They will be able to send forward a very large number of robes—twenty-two to twenty three thousand, The Sioux Indians’ had fared much worse than the other tribes, and many of them had been in a starving condition. They were compelled to kill their horses and dogs to avoid absolute starvation. The winter was not so severe as had been experienced in that climate in previous seasons, hut an unparalleled amount of snow had fallen; nothing of the kind had been known for years. In the month of April there were only three days during which it did notsnow, and most of the time with great violence. Mr. Wm. Butzer, agent of the Santa Fe and California Mail Company, while building a station-house for the mail at Pawnee Fork, in Kansas, a few weeks ago, was visited by a large body of Kiowa Indians, who commanded him to cease from the undertaking, telling him that the mail might pass unmolested through the hunting grounds, but that no house should be built on them. At first the agent, with his assistants, eight in number, disregarded the threats, but the savages surrounded the station-house and were about to burn it down, when Mr. Butzer desisted. He returned to the frontiers, a few days ago, to secure the assistance of the United States troops. Fate of a Seducer in California. —James Fouzer was tried and acquitted in San Fran cisco on the 7th ult., of the charge of murder, in having killed William Deerie. The latter, a man of family, seduced Fouzer's danghter, a girl of fifteen years, and for a year or more after, was constantly pursuing her at her own home for a renewal of their former inti macy. It appeared upon the trial that the daughter had resisted bis advances; that Fouzer had felt deeply his daughter's disgrace, and that in fear that the inflaence of Deerie over his weak-minded daughter might prove stronger than her father's advice, the accused shot and killed the seducer while attempting to effect a clandestine meeting with his victim at her own parent's residence!- The jury justified the act, and returned a verdict of “ not guilty." The State Treasurer. —Col. Eli Slifer, the new State Treasurer, entered upon the duties of his office last Monday. He has made the following appointments :—Cashier, Thomas Nicholson, of Beaver county. Clerks, Judson Holcomb, of Bradford ; M. Houston Taggart* of Northumberland; and Alexander Wilson* of W^bington. CIT T A BID CODWTT AFFAIRS. Call Accepted — Rev. J. Isidob Mowbert, of QQ-b*c, Canada West, bus Accepted the Assistant Hector ship of St. James’ Episcopal Church of this city,which -he wis Invited by the Yo*{ry~e?>me time since, and will enter upon bis duties on the Ist proximo. He isspoken of as an able andeloquent pulpit orator, and a learned and aeeomplUhedariiol&r. •' ; r .ftsc AT; Mount Jot.— The Maohine Shops and Fonndrj of Messrs. S. A J. Snyder, In ; Mount Joy bor-d were deatroyed by fire on Sitmfeay afternoon lint,—' Sbm&n mi the neolt of accident Many.Taluable pattcqrns "and agricultural implements were lost. Hie loss is esti mated at $15,000, on which, we understand, there Is no Insurance. The Monnt Joy Academy is directly opposite this Foundry, and had there been a strong wind prevailing It would, undoubtedly, have shared- the same fate. The* citizens of that beautiful borongh should see the necessity of providing themselves with a Fire* Engine. “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of. cure.” .The Price of . Gas.—The Xaocaster Gas Oompauy have reduced the price of Gas to $3 per thousand cubic feet,'nett; the bills for the present quarter will be made out at this rate. The Company have been making various improvements at their works. Militart Parade at Manheik.— A grand military parade took place at ManheLm. on Saturday several companies from the county and the Jackson Hides, of this city, Capt Hambrtoht commanding, taking partin the display. The Manhelm Rifles were inspected by Brigade Inspector Avwso. —The Jackson Rifles will be inspected bn Batnrday next, at 6 o’clock, P. &L, in Centre Square, by OoL Amweg. The Sodding at the Reservoir.—The north bank of the new basin at the Reservoir grounds baa been sodded in excellent style, and a few.evenings since— the sodding needing rain badly—the American Fire Com pany proceeded, with their engine, to the Orange street side and played a fine stream of water on the newly-sodded bank. It has had a good effect on the same. The American performed this service for the city gratuitously, and, there fore, deserve the hearty thanks of our citizens. —Speaking of the Reservoir grounds. A more delightful spot is not to be found in the Btate. It is the great resort of hundreds and thousands of our citizens during the warm gammer evenings. , Columbia Railroad.— Mr. Francisous, So perintendentofthe Philadelphia Division of the Pennsyl vania Railroad, gave notice that on and after yesterday, 16th Inst., an Accommodation Train will run between Columbia and Lancaster, connecting with the Mail Train East and Fast Line West, as follow*: Leave Colombia at 12.10 p. m. Returning: Leave Lancaster at 240 p. m. Da. B. Brown Williams.—As will be seen by hie card in the advertising columns of to-day’s Intelli gencer, thie gentleman—an old Lancaster favorite will discourse shortly in this city on Psychology. His won derful and laughable experiments in this science are well known and highly appreciated by our citizens. He will commence his lectures on Monday evening next at Fulton Hall. The Chdech Advocate.—This excellent religions paper, the organ of the denomination known as the “Churchaof God,” has been removed from Harrisburg to this city for publication. The £itor, Rev. E. H. Thomas, pastor of the Union Bethel, corner of Orange and Prince streets, gives the following reasons for the removal: In ourjudgment, the selection of Lancaster as the place for the publication of onr Church Organ is a good ono, and under the circumstances the very beat one that could be made. Our advantages here are fnily equal, and in some things superior, to Harrisburg or any other point we know of. Some of those advantages are— 1. The size of the place, number of inhabitants, and general business interests of Lancaster are very superior. 2. The mail facilities are second to none other In the in terior of the State. 3. Our office expenses in rent and some other items are reduced one-half from what they were in Harrisburg. 4. The press work on tbo paper is reduced a fourth. These last items amount, in the aggr gate, to a consider able sam, and are of importance to us at this time, when we are struggling with all onr power to clear the estab lishment of debt. We gladly welcome the Church Advocate as an able aux iliary to the newspaper literature of Lancaster, and trust that the editor and all concerned in its publication may meet with the success which it merits. Fire.—A frame stable, belonging to David G. Eshlemah, Esq., in the N. E. Ward, was destroyed by fire on Monday night of last week. A fine cow, the property of ex-State Treasurer Magraw, perished in the flames. The fire was an Incendiary’s work. The Mocnt Vernon Fund.—Misa Cathar ine Yeates, of this city, has been appointed Lady Manager of the Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association for Lancaster county. This is a truly excellent situation. She is meeting, we understand, with much encouragement from onr citi zens. We would cheerfully publish the address of the Executive Committee, but the crowded state of onr columns will not permit. Onr readers, however, are familiar wi*h the praiseworthy object this Association in view. Keybtone Cricket Cldb.—At the annual stated meeting of the Keystone Cricket Club, held on Tuesday evening last, the following officers were elected for the etxEuingyear: President, Edward McGovern, Esq.; Vice President, J. J. Keyes; Secretary, B. F. Baer, Esq.; Treasurer, E. H. Gastj Ground Committee, Wm. Lowry, Edw. McGovern, J. J. Keyes, C. Brunner, R. M. Dysart. Tavern Licenses Granted.— The following additional tavern licenses were granted on Saturday week: Ephrata—B. F. Hull, Jacob G. Winger, John Enick. Hempfield M. Gochenoor, Jobn Markley. Hempfield West—D. E. Weieer. Leacock—John 'Sheaffer. Lancaster Twp.—William T. Yooart. Marietta—Jacob Funk. Mount Joy—Samuel M. Groff. Paradise —Edward Hopton. Pcqnea—Samuel Shroat, Samuel Charles. Strasburg Twp.—Martin Herr. Lancaster City—N. W. Ward—Thomas Cox, Samuel C. Taylor. N. E. Ward—Jacob Wolfer. James Donnelly. S. E. Ward—Conrad J. Plitt. LICENSES REFUSED. Eden—Jacob Hauk Ephrata—Martin Gross, (held under advisement.) llempfleld West—Daniel Zinger. Lancaster City—N. W. Ward—William Richardson. Ja cob Herzog, John W. Houser, William Kuhns, C. K. Bren- eman. S. W. Ward—Hyronemua Harder, (withdrawn,) Jacob Effinger, Hannah Purdy. S. E. Ward—Samson Resh, M. Heigle, L. Stultz. > The license of Catharine Foltz, of Elizabeth township, was transferred to Samuel Foltz, and that of John Slack, deceased, of Columbia, to his widow. A remonstrance having been filed against the application of Jacob Immel, Millersvilie, and it being alleged that John Brady was concerned in the rei on6trance, the Court, upon application of Mr. Immel’s counsel, consented to reconsider the license granted to Mr. Brady, and hear both applica tions on Monday, (yesterday.) the 16th inst. Prof. Kevinski’s Concert A large audi ence attended tho concert given by Prof. Kettnski’s Juve nile Orchestra, consisting of 13 performers, at Fulton pall, on Thursday evening last. The programme was a good one, and the musicians acted well tbeir parts. The vocal izing of the Misses Roberts and Renqirr, (three very young ladies, not having yet attained the age of “sweet sixteen,”) and Mr. Black, one of the Mozarts, was truly admirable. — It is needless to say that the auditory were delighted. This concert has proved that there is a great deal of musical talent amongst our juvenile community. More Incendiarism.— A stable, in Straw berry street, near the African Church, waß destroyed by fire on Thursday night last about o’clock. The build ing was the property of Mr. John Bhertz. The same night, about an hour later, a large new stable, in an alley between Prince and Beaver streets, was also destroyed by fire. The cattle were got out, but the other contents of the building were consumed. The building and contents belonged to a Hr. Jacobs. Both the above fires were the work of incendiaries. A Suitor for Mollie's Hand and Fortune. —A Backs county correspondent sends us the following answer to the Arithmetical Question in onr last Issue: Bucks Countt. May 11th, 1859. Messrs. Editors : In your last issue I noticed an "Arith metical Question” respecting the fortune of Hollie. As I am interested in the fortunes of young ladies, not having chosen a partner to share with me life’s joys and trials, it naturally attracted my attention. You intimated that the solver of that question would have the “right and title” to the band and fortune of Mollie. May I consider myself that lucky individual? I have complied with the agree ments, finding the fortune to be $lO,OOO. lam of medium height, with handsome moustache, and. to be candid, ladles call me, not to say handsome, but good-looking. Should my personal attractions, as I have described them, please yon, and yon are disposed to favor my suit, you will nlease address me through the columns of The Intelligencer. j. D. D. A New Invention— A Bad Thing for the “Paul Prtb” and “Peeping Tons” at the Moralitt (!) Es tablishment ! — Messrs. Editors: The Express of last Wed nesday evening informs its readers of a new invention at its establishment, in the shape of “a cast-iron grate of im proved construction.” “The old-fashioned pquare pave grates” [we qnote from the censor morum of this commu nity] “are objectionable, on account of the facility they af ford evil-disposed persona to look through when females are passing abovel” “An honest confession,” it is said, “is good for the soul.” Who would have thought there were any such despicable creatures about the Head Quarters of Morality for the City of Lancaster ? We had heard, through Madam Bnmor, charges of this disgusting nature against some of the attaches of The Express Office, but were oot prepared for an official confirmation of the same by the moral and upright editors. Wonder whether they [the ed itors] ever took a peep through those “old iron grates.” We insist on Officer Kuhns, of tbe S. W. Ward, keepiog a sharp eye on the “Paul Prys” and “Peeping Toms” oi the Morality Establishment, 'yclept The Express Office, in South Queen street. Seriously, The Express has acted tbe “Paul Pry” and dirty scandal monger of this community long enough The charge against “Fair Play,” (because be saw fit to pro test againsbdts vile and unlimited abuse of respectable cit izens.) of being an “anonymous penny-a-liner and strumpet bully,” comes with bad grace from a brace of such worthies as The Express editors. Whether they can lay superior claims to morality, honesty, integrity, decency and respect ability the records of the past will better attest Tbe choice epithets of Tbe Express have no terrors for Read ! Read ! 1 Read ! 11 — We, tbe under glgued, citizens of Pittsburg, having used Dr. Keyser’g Pectoral Congh Syrup, upon ourselves and io our families, do respectfully recommend it to others, as a safe and effi cient medicine for the purposes recomended: James M’Kenna, Robert Laughlin, Hagh Sallie, Thomas M’Glven, Maurice Brennan, E. P. Dwyer, W. G. M’Cartney, Michael Kanejr., Job Whysalll, W. L. Fonlke, Jas. H. Leader, W. H. Anderson, Francis Dunn, H. Devenny, John Fowler, J. Porter, P. H’Kenna, J. P. Smith, James Fowler, John J. Mitchell, E. D. Jones, J. M’Mijlin, J. F. D. Keating, Alex. Wright, Joe. Thompson, John S. Agey, Jo*. O Brien. Sold by 0. A. Helnitsh, Lancaster. ; t Toothache. —This disease dan be eared by Dr. Kivser’s Toothache Rsmedt, prepared by him in Pitts burg, which Is pqt in bottles and sold at 25 cents each. It is.an excellent medicine, when diluted, for spongy and tedder gums, anfl laworth tontimeg its. price to/ail .who. need It. : Sold- here by 0. A.'Heibitsii. ' " ‘ THE PARAGUAY EXPKDITIOK. Letter from an “Old Balt,” ITo. 10. U. 8.. BTCXXXR MmCOIKT, ) Harbor or Hostxrmso, March 20, 1859. j If it ,« “ tonrh and go,” In our -going In and ont of port, on oar outwird bound passage, it vu also “touch and go ” In getting in hare, being eanght In a Pampero. Off Cape St. Mary**, near the month of the river, which lasted some thlrty-eU home, and made this old boat trera ,Ue and shake (n every knee and Joint—bad we *» bust onr < hner,” H would have been ** all day with os,” or rather ' for we shouJdJiave gone to “Davy’s Locker” aurtin. as th 6 vesselheipg never intended for lisa aervice, butbuilt fora river boat, could never have rode oat the gale, bnt broached too and inevitably foundered. How* *ever, thanks to bave succeeded in nuking the passage out, and are now snog at anchor in this port, - -whttwweehaUTemaln, as yet, for some eight or twelve days, when we proceed up the river, where we expect to remain eome months—bnt, you must not enppoee that we are going on a belligerent purpose, except it be to wage war upon deer, wild turkeys, docks, geese, and other game which is said to abound In thq vicinity of our in* tended anchorage. This vessel being condemned e« un worthy tor sea service* we are ordered there as a more sale harbor than this during the winter months, as we shall have to remain on - this station, until the report of the Board of Survey is sent to the Department at Wash ington, and orders received in return relative to her dis posal/ In consequence of this there has been a general clearance out of the officers and crew' who carried her safely out, and there now remains but the following: Wm. H. Macomb, Lieutenant Commanding; C. H. Wells, Lieu tenant: Engineers—Robert UcCleery, F. J. Lovering; Captain’s Clerk, Jno. L. Keffer; with 7 seaman, 8 firemen and coal beavers, and A servants. There has been manifested hore, since the survey baa been held, a general feeling of indignation against the owners of the Metacomet, that they should have had the recklessness to jeopardize the lives of the crew, by foistiug upon the government a vessel with au old, damaged boiler and in every other respect wholly unfit for sea service! and also against the Board of Examiners, who must either have been most pitifully ignorant ot their duty, nr hare had their palms well greased with golden ointment, when they pronounced the Metacomet fully competent to per form the dnty she was chartered for; and her safe arrival here is regarded almost as a miracle, not only by the engi neers who examined her boiler and machinery, but also by others, whose length of years iu the Naval service enable them to be competent judges, inasmuch as their decision has been made, and their opinion expressed, “unawed by influence or unbribed by gain.” Had the Metacomet a new boiler, deck pUteaud columns for her cylinder, she would then make an excellent river boat, unci aching else, and as such would be well-adapted for surveying pur poses, and, in my humble opinion, this would be tbe best disposal that could be nude of her. To sell her here, in her present condition, she* would bring nothing—to send out and furnish her with a new boiler, Ac . and then dis pose of her, wonld, like the Indian’s gun. " co§t more than l it came tobut ’by making the repairs required, *li« wonld be competent to render efficient service on the sur veying expedition, and at the end of a couple of years, when her present bad repu'e would have been wiped away, she could be sold for as murb, if not m.ire, than couid be obtained for her now. As to the Metacomet mak ing a return voyage to the States, even with a low b->iler and other repairs, that Is out of the question ; to attornpt it would be a reckless hazanl of the lives of those who ventured on the vn\ age In consequence of the peaceable termination of tbe matter in dispute between our Government 2nd that of Paraguay, all the vessels attached to the expedition have been ordered home; the Frigate “St. Lawrence” and Steamers “ Harriet Lane,” “ Fulton,”.and “ Water Witch ” hare already left; the “ Southern' Star ” leaves today; the Frigate “ Bablne ” on Monday; the “ Memphis.” “ Chapin ” and •* Western Port ” are np for the 25th, and most of the remainder about the same time, so that- by the end of this week there will be but few left of the impos ing vessels fcomposing the American Squadron whose starry banners proudly floated to the breeze in this harbor when we arrived. At least, one thing baa been gained, if not more, and that is, our government has shown that, when forbearance is no longer a virtue, she can, and will, resent in a forcible manner any insult to onr flag, nr aggression upon those who justly claim the proud distinction of being citizens of the United States. Before the belligerent attitude assumed by Paraguay, or ratber by her President, ceases to be a seven days wonder, you, and others would doubtless like to know what kiDd of a mao Lopez is ; politically yon know as much, if not more, of him thao myself; personally, as far as I can hear from others and judge from his portrait, he appears to be, like old Jack Falstaff, fond of taking his own ease in his own line, and enjoying the comforts of this life to their fullest extent: in short, In body he looks as though he was made up of il two single gentlemen." (.tnd full sized ooes too at that,) rolled into one, and my old and worthy friend tbe “ Governor,” of Fulton Hall, would appear but as a second edition of Calvin Edsnn. if placed along side of him. Until my next, Yours, VONDERSMITH’S SENTENCE, Messrs. Editors : I see you disapprove of Voodersmlth’s sentence —holding it to be “cruel and unusual." I admit it is “ unusual," for it is very rare that a rogue in broad cloth is ever sentenced at all in this democratic-republican country. It is only in monarchical England that the aris tocracy are made to feel the weight of the criminal laws as fully as the poor and ignorant. But that the sentence is “cruel," I deny. Vondersmith himself, in the midst of bis career as a forger, assisted in passing sentence upon many a wretched criminal, with out standing or friends; aDd a fair sentence for a horse thief, or the forger of a single paper, in his time, was about five years. Now, if the stealing of a horse worth $lOO, or the commission of a single forgery, required five years, was twenty years too much for the robbery of $45,000 by means of more than fifty forgeries? To say nothing of the position of the culprit, which in my view required far greater severity in the sentence, than if the cnlprit had been poor and ignorant. Lancaster has suffered euougb in public estimation, be cause her rogues high standing go unwhipt of justice.— Now that oue is caged, and all lovens of justice should rejoice, it is mortifying to see the mawkish sympathy ex pressed for, certainly, the coolest and most deliberate rogue that ever infested the county of Lancaster, and in whose career, both before and after the discovery of his villanios, (as Judge Cadwalader truly remarked) ihere la not a re deeming feature. If it were not for the impropriety of the act I would be glad to start a subscription for a testimonial to Judge Cadwalader. D. THE ARMIES OF EUROPE. The prospect of war in Europe renders a glance at the extent of military preparations there interesting at this time. It appears from official statements, recently made, that the military forces of Europe embrace more than four millions of soldiers under arms, without counting sailors, gardes, oivil, nation al, or militia of all kinds, of which the number reaches a much larger figure. The effective force of France on the Ist June, 1858, was 672,400 men, 165 batteries de campagne; marine, 417 vessels of war, 300 sailing, 117 steamers, 27,000 marines. The Austrian army consists of 670,477 men, of which 520,400 were infantry, 70,300 Cavalry, 59,292 artillery, 11,116 engineers, 9,217 pontoneers ; marine, 104 vessels of war. The Prussian army consists of 525,000, of which 410,000 are of the active force, and Landwehr of Ist con.; marine, 50 vessels of war, 3500 mariners. England has an army of 229,000 men, in cluding those dispersed in the colonies; marine 600 vessels of war, 309 sailing. 251 steam, 40 vessels of the line, carrying 17,292 gone and 69,500 sailor*. The Russian army consists of 1,067,600 men, including the reserve and 226,000 irregulars; marine, 177 vessels, 62,000 marines and gunners. Spain has a peace'establishment of 75,000 troops. The Sardinian army coasists of 50,600 men ; marine, 40 vessels, and 2560 sailors. Two Sicilies—The army is 100,000, of which 10,0000 are Swiss ; marine, 60 vessels. 12 sailing, 25 steamers, 100 cannoniers, 5362 sailors. Rome maintains an army of 16,000 infantry and 1315 cavalry. Tuscany-has an army of 16,000 men. The German States have a federal army of 250,000 men. The German Confederation have an army of 525,000 men, 49 500 cavlary, including the Austrian and Prussian contin gents. —Boston Journal. A GOOD TIKE COKING. The most inveterate croaker, says the last Thompson's Bank Note Reporter , cannot be blind to the restoration of business, confidence and prosperity. The manufacturing interests are in their glory—some are running night and day. Mechanics are employed, and occasional strikes for higher wages are reported. Merchants arc elated with the spring business. The cotton, sugar and tobacco States are rich. The Eastern, North ern nnd Middle States are easy. The West is yet poor, but everybody says that a good crop will bring them out all right; and every body says that the Spring, so far, is promising. Good merchants get all the credit they want. Farmers are invited to trade and pay io tbe fall. The currency banks, which are the best thermometers of the times, are expand ing. Massachusetts, in March, increased in escalation some $500,000; the rest of New England is much more. The banks every where, where reports are made, show an expansion of paper money. Western mer chants and bankers are able to borrow “ currency” at the East. Sharpers, in droves, from the East and South, are on the wing for the West, ready to buy anything that is cheap and good. Speculators in Government land took 50,000 acres of Land Warrants from Wall street last week. Railroads are just beginning to feel the flood tide that is wafting everything upwards. It has often fallen to our lot to propheoy evil, and we have been unmercifully stoned for it* It is now .onr glory, to propheoy good; not because we fear stoning, bat because we know. there iB a good time owning. ‘ FAIR PLAY For the Intelligencer. -, CORRESPONDENCE. Warm and Growing Weather—The Crops—. The flood, tfc. Market*—Another Defalcation of a Black Republican City Officer—Sentenced to be Bung—Death in the Peniten tiary—Arrival of LancasUriant—More Steamboat Chiu - alitx&s—Three Lives Lost—Land Siles. dc-—The Mud BoDs of Cherry Creek—Political Gossip—Free Wrgroes vs. Iknnsyloama, <£c. Bt. Louis, May 9,1859. TCa have had warm weather, with several heavy and re freshing showers during the week. The rivers are all high, Rod tbs flood in the Lower Mississippi it 111 continues «»*- batsd with considerable snArlng to ths Inhabitants and great destruction of property. . The crops continue to look fine, with every indication of i an abundant yield. The farmers of 'Central Illinois are now busy planting their corn, notwithstanding ths heavy rains, and a, larger amount of corn will be put In, than ever before sown, and whloh will be greatly Increased since th e intelligence of the rumored war. The receipts of produce at this port have been meagre in the past week. Sales on ’Change—Hemp $lO6 to $llO ; Hope 7X to 7&e; Flour $5,90 to $6,76; Wheat $1,25 to $1,75; Corn 77}£ to 88c; Oats 71 to 76; Barley, spring 65c; Rye 90c; Pork $l6; Bides 7%c; Land 10c; Whisky 27e; Bugur GJ£; Potatoes from 60c to $1,10; Beans $1; Hunga rian seed $2,76; Hay $1,16 to $1,25; Hides 17c per &>. We have very little to note in local matters. One of our Black Bepublican city officers—the Depnty Marshal, has been a defaulter to the amount of $3OOO or $4OOO. Hlsaro the only books thus far examined by the investigating committee, appointed by the City Connell. What an hon est party they are. Their County Collector was a defalter to the amount of $164,000, and the corruption charged upon the County Judges—elected by the Black Republi cans—ls enough to open the eyee of the tax-payers; yet I they have recently elected another set of men, composed | of the odds and ends of all the old parties that have gone ; to pot long since—under the cloak of “ Opposition." It is 1 to be hoped that oar tax-payers will some day not far dlt ! tant, see the necessity of again placing the Democratic 1 party in power. Self protection will aoon.demand it. A man by the name of Honser has boon oonvletod of the | murder of his wife, a d sentenced to be hung. Thomas Morgan,® wealthy cltiaen of Scott county, Ills., was recently sent to the Alton penitentiary, for assaulting • a man with Intout t-> kill. Last Tuesday he died from exceraive depression of spirits caused by the dUgraco of his situation. He was worth $75,000. . There are in the Stdte of Oregon 135 flour mills, with a j capncltv of producing 2,600,000 barrels per annum i The mosquito season has already commenced down at , Cairo and Paducah. We met Mr. Alfred Helfeostelu, of your city.on the street yesterday. Mr. Bamuel H. Price and Mr. A lliestand were In our city, and left yesterday for New Orleaua. tt e last week recorded the terrible disaster of th« steamer : St. Nicholas, and yesterday the telegraph announced tho • -destruction of ten steamboats at Pittsburg, by fire. The pteatner Sallie ld the Missouri river a few days ago. No lives wort) lost, but the boat, valued at $20,000, with a valuable cargo, are a total loss. On Friday last the steamere Cedar Rapids and Lucie May came in collision aboot eight mileß abovo Quincy, on the upper Mississippi. The Lucie reached the shore, where she sank in about live minutes to the cabin floor. The Rapids w .s’ not seriously damaged. The river was strewed with boxes, barrels and other freight. A geueral stampede of course t<*ok place among the passengers—lt being In the night—all were hurried from their berths in their clothes. Many of the ladies were with difficulty prevented from Jumping overboard. Wheu the Btaylng was cast out,a number of gentlemen in their fright rushed upon it, and were precipitated into the river. Three deck passengers were drowned. Many of the passengers lost all their effects, and one man lost his pocket book, containing $lOOO in bills The Lucie May was worth $16,000, aud it is though can be raised. The followlug land sales took place in this State last week. The N. W. oPßec. 17 T. 52, R. 5 W., 160 acres, unimproved, in Audruiu county, about 15 miles from Wells, villa, at $2,80 an acre. The W. ot Sec. 12, T. 52, R. R W., in same county, improved, at $3 30 per acre. Tbo Y..'% same Sectk<u,s2 40 per acre. The M. K. of See 23, T. 62, R. 6W . unimproved,a small portion iu Pike, the bal ance in Audrian, {4 76 per acre. Th<* following sales wore in Kentucky : The home farm of Edwin Phelps, deed., was purchased by D. A. Cbenault, at the price of $61,30, cssh This form contains 3(»0 seres. One huudred and ninety-nine acres were also purchased by W M’Chord. at $43,50. The tiDDexed sales of Land and Negroes were In Louis iana*. The lauded estate and slaves, Iq,Assumption parish, belonging to the succession, of Mrs. Doraino L. Kentrop, who was lost on Last Island, were sold on Wednesday last, j the slaves bringing an average price of $1,157. Tho land, ' 1 approvements and stuck, brought $60,000. This price ex | ceeded tho appr&iced value lu the inventory nearly $40,000. I and the sale must furnieh convincing testimony to the i general prosperity of tho people af Attaknpas. The population of Covington, according to the city asses* sor’s return. Just made, is 13,980, of which 134 are slaves, and 48 free blocks. The total amount of taxable property • Is $6,706,397. The population In 1849, was 7,014 and tbs property amounts to $2,769,837. We have nothing new or interesting from Pike’s Peak. But the supposition is that much suffering is now, oe soon will be experienced by the emigrants. We have heard of ; no fortunes being made, and do not expect to. Ii the emi | grants manage to get back half as well off as when they j loft, they will have done well. The exilement here has j entirely ceased, and were it not for the emigration dally ; passing through our city for the mud holes ot Cherry Creek |we would not know such a place existed—as all here re* ( g&rd it as a grand humbug! Id resuming our political gossip, we have but few other names to refer to, in addition to those already spoken of. JohD C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, and present Vice Pres dent of the United States, ranks among the first of the prominent men whoso names are suggested as candidates before the Charleston Convention. Mr. Breckinridge is a young man, yet has the ability and firmness to fill the high position, aud be will go into the Convention with hosts of friends. He will compete favorably with Gnthrie, Hunter, Slidell and others in the Bouth, and we believe will receive more votes on the first ballot than either of them, but whether he can maintain that vote aud support on the ballots to follow, no man ca n say. Bhould, however the friends of Jodgo Douglas see fit to withdraw his name from the Convention after one or two ballots, Mr. Breckin ridge, would receive the entire Douglas strength, and with a possibility of his nomination, the southern delegates, : almost to a man, would cast their vote for him, whilst he would secure many votes of the Western and Northwestern, delegates, and thus would secure tho two-third vote of the- Charleston Convention, with a certainty of a triumphant; election before the people. Buppose Mr. Brecklp ridge- to be the Democratic candidate in 1860, will any ona having a knowledge of the people of the South, says that he would not carry every Southern State? He Is.the strongest man in all the South that could be nominated. What, then, would be his chances in the Free States ? There would be no doubt of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, Cali fornia and Oregon,.with lair chance of lowa, Minnesota, Kansas, Pennsylvania acd New York, aDd, with an equal prospect io the other Free States with almost any other man. We believe that Joha C. Breckinridge’s nomination would meet the approval of the entire Democratic party, and that he coaid beat any Black Republican they might nominate against him. There are other men in the Demo eratic party that could do the same—Guthrie or Seymour— either would make a strong team. Daniel S. Dickinson, of New York, is also spoken of. He is a Democratic true aud tried, and never found wanting. The South would rally for him, but whether he could hold Illinois A Indiana, is not so certain as with Breckinridge; bnt if be could carry his own State, he could be elected and the people of this country could not place a better man in the Presidential chair. He will be a strong man in the Convention. Howell Cobb, of Georgia, finds many admirers, and bis name will go before the Charleston Convention. We do. not think Mr. Cobb, has any very strong desires of becom. ing a candidateJast now, His strength would be greatly angmontod by defering the race to some time in the future. There are several others spoken of in this connection,, bat none, we believe, with any prospects of a nomination.. All these names may be put into tbe Convention, and) we should not be the least surprised, if neither of them boro off the prize. It may be, for the sake of union and harmony, that an entirely “ new man” should be taken np. Conventions oow-a-days are not what they were years ago—when the man was known a twelve-month before tbe convening of the delegates. “ Doubtful tblDgs are now very uncertain,” and Conventions have something to ae, complish, beside the mere selecting of a maw— they hold Ou fate of the party. Hon. Hnmphrey Marshall has been re nominated for Congress in the Louisville, Ky., district by the Opposition. He has no opponent yet, but will find one ere the day of election. Capt. W. E. Sims has been nominated by the Democracy of tho Ashland (Ky.,) District for Congress, in place of Jas. B. Clay, who iiositively declined a re-nomlnation. Mr. Clay has written a letter to tbe Old Line Whigs of Kentucky, calling upon them to rally around the Democratic banner in the approaching Styte election. Everything in tbe shape of “Opposition ” to the Demo cratic party, have nutted in Kentucky, and should the Democracy elect their Governor and state ticket with these odds against them—which we believe they will do—it will be the greatest victory on recerd. Tbe Legislature of Louisiana has passed a law prevent ing any free negro from entering tbe State. We have warned you long since that this Black Republican party would be the means of riddiDg the Booth of all her worth iesaand Idle negroes. If the; continue mneb longer, and your people uphold and sanction the dangerous doctrines of Black Republicanism, by their votes. yon can expect nothing else, but a tide of black emigration into Pennsyl vania, as last as they are sent from the Sooth. In a few yearamorelike those cf the past, Pennsylvania will be overrun with worthless free negroes; and you will be obli ged to support and maintain them. Your labolng men will feel the pressure upon them—these negroes must have employment, and as a matter of course then that they mast interfere with tbe mechanic and laboring man. Gen. Sam Houston has again entered tbe political arena, and announces himself as the anti-Conventloo Democratic candidate for Governor of Texas, against the regularly nominated Democratic candidate. He will have a good time of it. How will the “opposition” of the North relish the doc trines of tbe “opposition” of the South. Mr. Bel), the American candidate for Governor in Kentucky, declares that if he had been in Congress, be should have voted'for the admission of Kansas under the Lecompton Constitution. This is a decided slap in the face of Humphrey Marshall, Senator Crittenden, and the Louisville Journal, who all opposed that measure as a “political swindle.” What will they do now that their candidate has endorsed the “swindle?” . What kind ot a Presidential Platform can they make In 1860 to suit the Northern and Southern “opposition?”— Woif t there be union andharmony smoog the “opposition” —in the division of the “spoils I” The Cincinnati Timts, an Amoricah. paper, thus (com plains : “Some of the Americans in this vicinity condemn the eall fora Republican State Convention.' They say there was a distinct understanding that the call was to have been for an 'opposition’.convention, whereas it iafcrthe nomination of a ‘Republican* ticket.’ 1 ' So they have commenced and so. they will end. never can unite upon a platform to suit the .dUeordsnt views of two fecUoas eo directly- oppottt* id *ach Torn, OLD GUARD.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers