I[ool3liflitlith PiOXIXIBST PAGE.] the 30th Dec'emberlikil, secures to the citizens of. the :United , Statea right of transit over it for their persons-and merchandise, and atipu bates that neither government shall " interpose any. obstaole ". thereto. It also concedes to the • United, •States - the " right to transport term the lithmusOn closed bags, the mails of the triatia stidei not intended for distribu tion—along the, line of the communication; also, the effects of the United States govern- Merit and ite citizens which may be intended for transit, and not . for distribution on the Isthmus, free of custom-house or other charges by the Mexican government." These treaty stipulations with '.New Granada and Mexico, in•addition to'the considerations applideble .to the Nicaragua route seem to require legislation for the purpose Of carrying them' into effect. The injuries which have been indicted upon our citizens, in Costa Rica and Nicaragua, during the last two' or three years, have received the prompt attention of this government. Some of these injuries were of the-most aggravated &Mader; The transaction at Virgin Bay in 44; Add', when a company of unarmed Amer icans, who were in no way connected with any belligerent conduct or party, were fired upon by the troops of Costa Rica, and numbers of them killed and wounded, was brought to the knowledge of Congress by my predecessor soon after its occurrence, and was also presen ted to the government of Costa Rica, for that immediate investigation and redress 'which the nature of the case demanded. , A similar coarse was pursued with reference to other outrages in these countries, some of which, were hardly less aggravated in their character than the transaction at Virgin Bay. At the time, however, when our present Min ister to Nicaraugna was appointed, in Decem ber, 1857, no redress had been obtained for any of these wrongs, and no reply even had been received to the demands which Lad been made by this government upon that of Costa Rica, more than a year before. Our Minister was instructed, therefore, to lose no time in expressing to those governments the deep regret with which the President had wit nessed this inattention to the just claims of the United States, and in demanding their prompt and satisfactory adjustment. Unless this de mand shall be complied with at an early day, it will only remain fur this government to adopt such other measures as may be necessary, in order to obtain for itself that justice which it has in vain attempted to secure by peaceful means from the governments of Nicaragua and Costa Rica. While it has shown, and will con tinue to show, the most sincere regard for the rights and honor of those republics, it cannot permit this regard to be met by au utter neglect on their part, of what is due to the government and citizens of the United States. Against New Grenada we have long standing causes of complaint, arising out of the unsat isfied claims of our citizens upon that repub lic ; and to these have been more recently ad ded the outrages committed upon our citizens at Panama, in April, 1856. A treaty for the adjustment of these difficulties was concluded by the Secretary of State and the Minister of New Grenada, in September, 1857, which con tained just* and acceptable provisions for that purpose. This treaty was transmitted to So gota, and was ratified by the government of New Grenada, but with certain amendments. It was not, however, returned to this city until after the close of the last session of the Sepate. It will be immediately transmitted to that body for their advice and consent ; and should this be obtained, it will remove all' ur exist ing causes of complaint against New Granada on the subject of claims. Questions have arisen between the two gov ernments, as to the right of New Granada to levy a tonnage duty upon the vessels of the United States in its ports of the Isthmus, and to levy a passenger tax upon our citizens arriving in that country, whether with a design to remain there or to pass from ocean to ocean by the ransit route ; and also a tax upon' the mail of the United States transported over the Pan ama railroad. The government of New Grana da has been informed, that the United States would consider the collection of either of these taxas, as an act in violation of the treaty be tween the two countries, and as such would be resisted by the United States. At the same time, we are prepared to discuss these ques tions in a spirit of amity and justice, and with a sincere desire to adjust them in a satisfacto ry manner. A negotiation for that purpose has already been commenced. No effort has recently been made to collect these taxes nor is any anticipated under present circumstan ces. With the empire of Brazil our relations are of the most friendly character. The produc tions of the two countries, and especially those of an agricultural nature, are such as to invtte extensive mutual exchanges. A large quan tity of American flour is consumed in Brazil; whilst more than treble the amount in value of Brazilian coffee is consumed in the United States. Whilst this is the case, a heavy duty has been levied, until very recently, upon the importation of American flour into Brazil. I am gratified, however, to be able to inform you that in September last this has been reduced from $1.32 to about 49 cents per barrel, and the duties on other articles of our production have been diminished in nearly the same pro portion. I regret to state that the government of Bra zil still continues to levy an export duty of about 11 per cent. on coffee, notwithstanding this article is admitted tree from duty in the United States. This is a heavy charge upon the consumers of coffee in our country, as we purchase half of the entire surplus crop of that article raised in Brazil. Our minister, under instructions, will reiterate his efforts to have this export duty removed ; and it is hoped that the enlightened government of the emperor will adopt this wise, just and equal policy. In that event, there is good reasouto believe that the commerce between the two centuries will greatly increase, much to the advantage of 'both. The claims of our citizens against the gov ernment of Brazil are not, in the aggregate, of very large amount ; bat some of these rest upon plain principles of justice, and their set tlement ought not to be longer delayed. A renewed and earnest, and I trust a successful effort, will be made by our minister to procure their final adjustment. On the 2d of June last, Congress passed a joint resolution authorizing the President " to adopt such measures and use such force as, iu his judgment,may be necessary and advisable," " for the purpose of adjusting the differences between the United States and the republic of Paraguay, in connection with the attack on the United States' stearrfer Water Witch, and with other measures referred to " M his annual mes sage. And on the 12th July following, they made an appropriation to defray the expenses and compensation of a commissioner to that republic, should the President deem it proper to make such au appointment. In compliance with these enactments, I have appointed a comissioner, who has proceeded to Paraguay, with full powers and instructions to settle these difference in au amicable, and peaceful manner, if this be practicable. His experience and discretion justify the hope, that he may prove successful in convincing the Paraguayan government, that it is due both to honor and justice, that they should'voluntarily and promptly make atonement for the wrongs which they have committed against the United States, and indemnify our injured citizens whom they have forcibly despoiled of their property. Should our commissioner prove unsuccess ful, after a sincere and earnest effort, to accom plish the object of his mission, then no alter native will remain, but, the employment of force to obtain "just satisfaction" from Para guay. In view of this contingency, the Secre tary of the Navy, under my direction, has fitted out and despatched a naval force, to ren dezvous near Buenos Ayres, which, it is believed, will prove sufficient for the occasion. It is my earnest desire, however, that it may not be found necessary to resort to this last alternative. When Congress met in December last, the business of the country had just been crushed, by one of those periodical revnlsions, which are the inevitable consequence of our unsound and extravagant system of bank credits and inflated currency. With all the elements of national wealth in abundance, our manufac tures were suspended, our useful public and private enterprises were arrested, and thou sands of laborers were deprived Of employment and reduced to want. Universal distress pre vailed among the commercial, manufacturing, and mechanical classes. This revulsion was felt the more severely in the United States, because similar causes had produced the like deplorable effect throughout the commercial nations of Europe. All were experiencing sad reverses at the same moment. Our manufacturers everywhere suffered severe ly, not because of the recent reduction in the tariff of duties on imports, but because there was no demand at any price for their produc tions. The people were obliged to restrict themselves in their purchases, to the articles of prime necessity. In the general prostration of business, iron manufacturers, in different States, probably suffered more than any other class, and much destitution was the inevitable consequence, among the_gmat number of work men who had been employed in this useful branch of our indbetry. ',There could be no supply where there is no demand. To present an example, there could be no demand for - 1 -railroadsironrafter our magnificent system of ittilmtadr, extending its benefits to every por tion of the Union, had been brought to a dead pause. The same consequences have resulted from similar oanses to many other branches of useful manufactures. • It is self-evident that where there is no ability to purchase manufac tured articles, these cannot be sold, and con sequently must cease to be produced. No government, and especially a government of such limited powers as that of the United States, could have prevented the late revulsion The whole commercial world seemed for years to-have been rushing to this catastrophe. The ruinous consequences would have followed in the United States, whether the duties upon foreign imports had remained as they were under the tariff of 1846, or had been raised to a much higher standard. The tariff of 1857 had no agency in the result. The general causes existing throughout the world, could not have been controlled by the legislation of any particular country. The periodical revalsions which have exis ted in our past history, must continue to return at intervals, so long as out present unbounded system of bank eredite shall prevail. They will, however, probably be the less severe in future; because it is not to be expected, at least, for many years to come, that the com mercial nations of Europe, with whose interests our own are so materially involved, will expose themselves to similar calamities. But this subject was treated so much at large in my last annual message that I shall not pursue it further. Still, I respectfully renew th ',recom mendation, iu favor of the passage of a uni form bankrupt law, applicable to banking in stitutions. This is all the power over the sub ject which, I believe, the federal government possesses. Such a law would mitigate, though it might not prevent the evil. The instinct of self-preservation might produce a wholesome restraint upon their banking business, if they knew in advance, that a suspension of specie payments would inevitably produce their civil death. But the effects of the revulsion are now slowly but surely passing away. The energy and enterprise of our citizens, with our un bounded resources, will, within the period of another year, restore a state of wholesome in dastry and trade. Capital has again accumul ated in oar large cities. The rate of interest is there very low. Confidence is gradually reviving, and so soon as it is discovered that this capital can be profitably employed in commercial and manufacturing enterprises, 11 and in the construction of railroads and other works of public and private improvement, prosperity will again smile throughout the land. It is vain, however to disguise the fact from ourselves, that a speculative inflation of our currency, without a corresponding in flation in other countries whose manufactures come into competition with our own, must ever produce disastrous resultsrto our domes tic manufactures. No tariff short of absolute prohibition, can prevent these evil conse quences. In connexion with this subject, it is proper to refer to our financial condition. The same causes which have produced pecuniary distress throughout the country, have so reduced the amount of imports from foreign countries, that the revenue has proved inadequate to meet the necessary expenses of the government.— To supply the deficiency, Congress, by the act of the 23d of December, 1857, authorized the issue of $20,000,000 of treasury notes ; and this proving inadequate, they authorized, by the act of June 14th, 1858, a loan of $20,- 000,000," " to be applied to the payment of appropriations made by law." No statesman would advise, that we should go on increasing the national debt to meet the ordinary expenses of the government. This would be a most ruinous policy. In case of war, our credit must be our chief resource, at least for the first year, and this would be greatly impaired by having contracted a large debt iu time of peace. It is our true policy, to increase our revenue so as to equal our ex penditures. It would be ruinous to continue to borrow. Besides, it may he proper to ob serve, that the incidental protection, thus aflbrded by a revenue tariff, would at the present moment, to some extent, increase the confidence of the manufacturing interests, and give a fresh impulse to our reviving business. To this, surely, no person will object. In regard to the mode of assessing and col lecting duties under a strictly revenue tariff, I . have Long entertained and often expressed the opinion that sound policy requires this should be done by specific duties, iu cases to which these can he properly applied. They are well adapted to commodities which are usually sold by weight or measure, and which from their nature, are of equal or of nearly equal value. Such for example, are the articles of iron of different classes, raw sugar, and foreign wines and spirits. In my deliberate judgement, specific duties are the best, if not the only means of securing the revenue against the false and fraduleut invoices, and such has been the practice adop ted for this purpose by other commercial nations. Besides specific duties would afford to the American manufacturer the incidental advantages to which he is fairly entitled under a revenue tariff. The present system is a sliding scale to his disadvantage. Under it, when prices are high and business prosperous, the duties rise in amount when he least re quires their aid. On the contrary, when prices fall, and he is struggling agains adversity, the duties are dimished in the same proportion, greatly to his injury. Neither would there be danger that a higher rate of duty than that intended by Congress, could be levied in the form of specific duties. It would be easy to ascertain the average value of any imported article for a series of years ; and instead of subjecting it to an ad valorem duty at a certain rate per centum, to substit ute in its place all equivalent specific duty. By such an arrangement the consumer would not be injured. It is true, he might have to pay a little more duty on a given article in one year; but if so, he would pay a little less in another, and in a series of years these would counterbalance each other, and amount to the same thing, so far as his interest is concerned. This inconvenience would be trifling, when contrasted with the additional security thus afforded against frauds upon the revenue, in which every consumer is directly interested. I have thrown out these suggestions as the fruit of my own observation, to which Congress, in their better judgment, will give such weight as they may justly deserve. The report of the Secretary of the Treasury will explain in detail the operations of that department Of the government. The receipts into the treasury from all sources during the fiscal year ending 20th June, 1853, including the treasury notes authorized by the act of December 23d. 1857, were seventy million two hundred and seventy-three thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine dollars and fifty-nine cents. ($70.273,060.59,) which amount, with the balance of seventeen million seven hundred and ten thousand one hundred and fourteen dollars and twenty-seven cents, 1517,710.114.27,) remaining in the treasury at the commencement of the year, made an aggregate for the service of the year of eighty-seven million nine hundred and eighty-three thousand n inc hundred and chili Ty - three dollars and eighty-six cents ($87,983,982.80). The public expenditures during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1858, amounted to eighty-one million live hundred and eighty-live thousand six hundred and sixty-seven dollars and seventy-six cents. ($81,385.667.76,) of which nine million six hundred and eighty-four thousand five hundred and thirty-seven dollars and ninety-nine cents, ($9,684.537.094 were applied to the payment of the public debt, and the redemption of treasury notes with the interest thereon, leaving in the treasury on July 1, 1858, being the commencement of the present fiscal year, six million three hundred and ninety-eight thousand three hundred and sixteen dollars and ten cents, ($6,398,316.10). The receipts into the treasury, during the first quarter of the present fiscal year, commencing the Ist July. 1858, including one-half of the loan of twenty millions of dollars, with the premiutn upon it. authorized by the act of 1411, ,Tune. 1858, were twenty-five million two hundred and thirty thou sand eight hundred and seventy-nine dollars and forty-six cents, ($25,230,879.46,) and the estimated receipts for the remaining three quarters to the 30th June. 1559, from ordinary sources, are thirty 'eight million five hundred thousand dollars, ($38,500,000,) making, with the balance before stated, an aggregate of seventy million one hun dred and twenty-nine thousand one hundred and ninety-five dollars and fifty-six cents, ($79,129.- 195.66). The expenditures, during the first quarter of the present fiscal year, were twenty-cue million seven hundred and eight thousand one hundred and ninety-eight dollars and fifty-one cents, ($21,708,- 198 51;) of which one million and ten thousand one hundred and forty-two dollars and thirty-seven cents ($1.010,142 37) were applied.to the . payment of the public debt and the redemption of treasury notes and the interest thereon. The estimated ex penditures. ddring the remaining three quarters to the 30th June, 1859, are fifty-two million, three hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred and ninety-eight dollars and forty-eight cents, ($52.- 357,698 48.) making an aggregate of seventy-four million sixty-five thousand eight hundred and ninety-six dollars and ninety-nine cents. ($74,06.5,- 806 99.) being an excess of expenditure. beyond the estimated receipts into the treasury from ordi nary sources, during the fiscal year to the 30th Jane, 1859, of three million nine hundred and thirty-six thousand seven hundred and one dollars and forty-three cents, ($3.936.701 43.) Extraor 9iary means are placed by law within the com mand of the Secretary of the Treasury, by the re iAue of treasury notes redeemed, and by negotia ting the balance of the loan authorized by the act of 14th June, 1858, to the extent of eleven millions of dollars, which, if realized during the present fis cal year, will leave a balance in the treasury, on the first day of July, 1859, of seven million sixty three thousand two hundred and ninety-eight dol lars and fifty-seven cents, ($7,063,298 57.) The estimated 'receipts during the next fiscal year ending 30th June, 1860, are sixty-two mil lions of dollars ' - ($62,000,000,) which, with the above estimated balance of soiree minions sixty- three thousand two hundred and ninety-eight dol lars and fifty-seven Cents, ($7 063 298 57) make an aggregate for the service of the next fiscal year, of sixty-nine million 'sixty-three thousand two hundred and ninety-eight dollars and fifty seven cents,(s69 063,298 57.) The estimated ex penditures during the next fiscal year ending 30th June, 1860, are seventy-three million one hundred and thirty-nine thousand one hundred and forty seven dollars and forty-six cents, ($73,139,147 46,) which leave a deficit of estimated means, compa red with the estimated expenditures for that year. commencing on the Ist of July, 1859, of four million and seventy-five thousand eight hundred and forty-eight dollars and eighty-nine cents ($4.075,848 89.) In addition to-this sum, the Postmaster General will require from the treasury, for the service of the Post Office Department, three millions eight hundred and thirty-eight thousand seven hundred and twenty-eight dollars, ($3,838.728) as explained in the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, which will increase the estimated deficit on the 30th June, 1860, to seven million nine hundred and fourteen thousand five hundred and seventy six dollars and eighty sine cents, ($7,914,576,89.) To provide for the payment of this estimated defi ciency. which will be increased by such appropria tions as may he made by Congress. not estimated for in the report of the Treasury Department, as well as to provide for the gradual redemption, from year to year, of the outstanding treasury notes. the Secretary of the Treasury recommends 'such a revision of the present tariff as will raise the required amount. After what I have already said, I need scarcely add that I concur in the opinion expressed in his report—that the public debt should not he 'increased by an additional Man. and would therefore strongly urge upon Congress the duty of making. at their present session, the necessary provision for meeting these liabilities. The public debt the let of July. 185 S, the commencement of the present lisenl year, true i5:!:,,15: - ,,977 66. During the first quarter of the present fiscal year, the sum of $10,000,000 has been negotiated of the loan authorized by the act of 14th of June. 1858—making the present outstanding public debt. exclusive of treasury notes $35,155,077 66. There was on the Ist July, 1858, of treasury notes issued by authority of the act of December 23, 1857, un redeemed, the sum of sl9.7s4,Bo9—making the amount of actual indebtedness, at that date. $54.- 910.977 66. T,, this will be added $10,000,000 during the present fiscal year—this being the re maining half-of the loan of $20,000,000 not yet ne gotiated. The rapid increase of the public debt. and the necessity which exists for a modification of the tariff, to meet even the ordinary expenses of the guvernment. ought to admonish no All, in our re spective spheres of duty, to the_ practice of rigid ,eonomy. The objects of expenditure should be limited in number, as fax as this may be practica ble. and the appropriations necessary to carry them into effect, ought to he disbursed under the strictest aceountaidlity. Enlightened -economy does not consist in the refusal to appropriate money for constitutional purposes, essential to the defence. progress and prosperity ut the republic., but in taking care that none of this money shall be wasted by mismanagement, in its application to the objects designated by law. Comparison between the annual expenditure at the present time. and what it sync ten or twenty years ago, are altogether fallacious. The rapid in crease of our country in extent and population, renders a corresponding increase of expenditure, to some extent. unavoidable. This is constantly creating new objects of expenditure, and augment ing the ;Lumina required for the old. The true questions then, are, have these objects been un necessarily multiplied ur. has the amount expen ded upon any or all of them, been larger than comports with due economy? In accordance with these principles, the heads of the different execu tive departments of the government have been in structed to reduce their estimates for the next fiscal year to the lowest standard consistent with the eftleieney of the service, and this duty they have performed in a spirit of just economy. The estimates of the Treasury, War. Navy and Interior Departundits. have each been in some de gree reddeed : and unless a sudden and unforeseen emergency should arise, it is not anticipated that a deficiency will exist in either within the present or the next fiscal year. The Post Office Department is placed inn peculiar position, different from the other departments, and to this I shall hereafter refer. I invite Congress: to institute a rigid verutiny to ascertain whether the expenses in all the depart ments cannot he still further reduced and I prom ise them all the aid in illy power in pursuing the investigation. I trallSlllit herewith the reports mode to me by the Secretaries of War, of the Navy, of the Interior and of the Postmaster General. They each contain valuable info . rmation and important recommenda tion,, to which r incite the alt,itii.o Conurci.s. In my last annual mess:lg,, I took occazi.di to recommend the immediate construction of ten ,deamers, of light draught. for the purpose of in creasing the efficiency of the naVi. Congress re sp.idol to the recommendation. by authorizing the construction of eight of them. The progress which has been made in executing this authority is stated in the report of the Secretary of the Navy. I concur with him in the opinhin, that a greater windier of this class of ,ssels is accessary, for the purpose of protecting in a more efficient manner the persons and property of American citizens on the high seas, and in f o reign eountries, us well as in guarding more ellectually our own masts. I :Lecordingly recommend the passage of an art, fur this purpose. The suggestions contained in the report of the Secretary of the [nterior,espevially those in regard to the disposition of the public domain, the pension and bounty land system, the policy tow•arris the Indians, nod the amendment of our patent laws. are worthy of the serious consideration of Congress. The Post Office Department occupies a position very lifrervltt front that of the other departmen ES. For many years it was the policy of the government to render this a self-sustaining department and if this vannot now be accomplished, in the present condition of the country, we ought to make a , near an approach to it as may be practicable. The. Postmaster General is placed in a most .em harrassing position by ih, existing laws. tie is obliged to earn• these into effect. lie has no other alternative. Ile finds, however, that this cannot he done without heavy de 111 11,10 011 the treasury over and above what he received for postage : and these have been progressively increasing from year to year until they amounted for the last. fiscal year, etoiiug sin the 30th of June, 1555, To more than four millions and a half of dollars: whilst it is es timated that for the present fiscal year they will amount to 56,290,000. The sums are exclusive of the annual appropriation of $700,000 for. "compen sation for the mail service performed 4.n the two houses of Congress and the oilier departments and offleers of the gover»meut in the transportation of free matter." The cause of these large deficits is mainly at tributable to the increased expense of transporting the !nails. In 1852 the sum paid for this service was but a fraction above four millions and a quar ter. Since that year it has annually increased until in 1858 it has reached more than eight millions and a quarter, and fur the service of 1859. it is es timated that it will amount to more than ten mil licns of dollars. The receipts of the Post Office Department can be made to approach or to equal its exptubliture, only by means of the legislation of Congress. In applying any remedy, care should be taken that the people shall not be deprived of the advantages which they are fairly entitled to enjoy from the Post Office Department. The principal remedies recommended to the consideration of Congress by the Postmaster General. are to restore the former rates of postage upon single letters to five cents : to substitute for the franking privilege the delivery to those now entitled to enjoy it, of post office stamps for their correspondence, and to direct the department, in making contracts for the transpor tation of the mail, to confine itself to the payment of the sum necessary for the single purpose, without requiring it to be transported in post coaches or carriages of any particular description. Under the present system, the expense to the government is greatly increased, by requiring that the mail shall be carried in such vehicles as will accommodate passengers. This will be done without pay from the department, over all roads where the travel will remunerate the contractors. These recommendations deserve the grave con sideration of Congress. I would again call your attention to the construc tion of a Pacific railroad. Time and reflection have hut served to confirm me in the truth and justice of the observations which I made on this subject, in my last annual message, to which I beg most respectfully to refer. It is freely admitted that it would be inexpedi ent for this government to exercise the power of constructing the Pacific railroad by its own imedi ate agents. Such a policy would increase the patronage of the executive to a dangerous extent, and introduce a system of jobbing and corruption, which no vigilance on the part of federal officials, could either prevent or detect. This can only be done by the keen eye, and the - active and careful supervision of individual and private interest. The construction of the road ought, therefore. to be committed to companies incorporated by the States, or other agencies whose pecuniary interests would be directly involved. Congress might then assist them in the work by grants of land or money, or of both, under such conditions and restrictions as would secure the transportation of troops and amunitions of war free from any charge, anti that of the United States mail at a fair and reasonable price. The progress of events since the commencement of your last session, has shown how soon dificulties disappear before a firm and determined resolution. At that time, such a read was deemed by wise and patriotic men to he a visionary project. The great distance to be overcome. and the intervening mountains and deserts in the way, were obstacles which, in the opinion of many, could not be sur mounted. Now, after the lapse of but a single year, these obstacles, it has been discovered, are far less formidable than they were supposed to be; and mail stages, with passengers, now pass and repass regularly, twice each week, by a common wagon road between San Francisco and St. Louis and Memphis, in less than twenty-five days. The service has been as regularly pertirmed, as it was, in former years. between New York and this city. Whilst disclaiming all authority to appropriate money for the construction of this road, except that derived from the war-making power of the constitu tion, there are important collateral considerations urging us to undertake the work as speedily as as possible. The first and most momentuous of these is, that such a road would be a, powerful bond of union between the States oast of and west of the Rocky mountains. This is so self-evident as to require no illustration. Bet,,agaln, In a commercial point of view, I consider WI the goat question of the day. With the easter:a front of our republic stretching along the Atlantic. and its western front along the Pacific. if all the parts should he united by a safe, easy and rapid intercommunicatioa, we must necessarily command a very large proportion of the trade both of Europe and Asia. Oar recent treaties with China and Japan will open these rich and populous empires to our commerce ; and the history of the world proves that the nation that hen gained poseession of the trade with Eastern Asia, has always become weal , hy and powerful. The peculiar geographical position of California and our Pacific pos sessions invites American capital and enterprise into this fruitful field. To reap the rich harvest, however, it is an indispensable pro-requisite, that we shall first have a railroad to convey and circulate its products throughout every portion of the Union. Besides, such a railroad through oar temperate latitude which would not be impeded by the frosts and snows of winter, nor by the tropical heats of summer, would attract to itself much of the travel and trade of all nations passing be tween Europe and Asia- On.the 21st of August last, Lieut. J. N.. Moat. of the United States brig Dolphin, captnr"d the slaver •"Echo." (formerly the Putnam of New Orleans) near Kay Verde. on the coast of Cuba, with more than three hundred African negroes on board The prize, under the com mand of Lient Bra 'ford, of the United States navy, ar rived at Charleston, on the 97th of August ; when the negroes, three hundred and six in number, were deliv ered into the custody of the United States marshal, for the district of South Carolina. They were placed in Castle Pinckney, and afterward in Port Sumpter, for safe-keeping, and were detained there until the 19th of September, when toe survivors, two hundred and sev en Tone in number, were delivered onboard the United States steamer Niagara, to be transported to the coast of Africa, under the charge of the agent of the United States, pursuant to the provisions - of the act of the 3rd March, 1819, "in addition to the acts prohibiting the slave trade." Under the 2d section of this act, the President is "au thorized to make such regulations and arrangemert. as he may deem expedient for the safe-keeping, support and removal beyond the limit of the United States, of all ouch negro., mulattoes or persons of color" captur ed by vessels of the United :gates, a, may be delivered to the marshal of the district into which they are brought. "and to appoint a proper person or persons residing upon the coast of Africa, se agent or agents for receiving the negroes, Mulatto., or persons of color, delivered from on hoard vessels seized in the prosecu tion of the slave trade by commanders of the United States armed vessels." A doubt immediately arose ae to the true construction of this act. It is quite clear from its terms that the President was authorized to provide " for the safe keep ing, support and removal" tit these negroes op ti I the time of their delivery to the agent on the coast of Africa; hot no express provision men mule for their protection and support after they had leached the place of their destination. Still, an agent was to be appointed to re ceive them in Africa; and it could not have been sup poeed that Congress intended he should desert them at the moment they were received, and turn them loose on that inhospitable coast to perish for want of food, or to become again the victims of the slave trade. Had this been the intention of Congress. the employment of an agent to receive them, who is required to reside on the coast, wan unnecessary, and they might h .ve been land ed by oar vessels anywhere in Africa, and left exposed to the sufferings and the fate which would certainly await them. Mr. M. ,, nroe, in his special message of I7th of Decem ber, 1819, at the first session alter the act was passed, announced to Congress what, in his opinion, was its true construction. He believed it to be his duty under it, to follow these unfortunates into Africa, and make provision for them there, until they should be able to provide for themselves. lu communicating this inter pretation of the act of Congress, he said that some doubt had been entertained as to its true intent and meaning, and he submitted the question to them, so that they might, "should it be deemed advisable, amend the same before further proceedings are bad under it. Nothing was done by Congress to explain the act, and Mr. Monroe proceeded to carry It into execution according to his own intrepretation. This, then, be came the practical construction. When the Africans from on board the Echo were delivered to the marshal at Charleston. it became my duty to consider what dis position ought to be made of them under the law. For many reasons, it was expedient to remove them from that locality as speedily as possible. Although the con duct of the authorities and citizens of Charlestouin giving countenance to the execution of the law, aao just what might have been expected from their high character, yet a prolonged continuance of three hundred Africans in the immediate vicinity of that city, could not have failed to become a source of inconvenience and anxiety to its in habitants. Where to send them, was the question.— There was no portion of the coast of Africa to which they could be removed with any regard to humanity, except to Liberia. Under these circumstances, an agreement was entered into with the Colonization Society on tne7th of Septem ber last, a copy of which is hertwith transmitted, under which the Society engaged for C 513 consideration of forty five thousand dollar, to receive these Africans In Liberia from the agent of the United States, and furnish them during the period of one year thereafter, with comfort able shelter, clothing, provisions and medical atten dance, causing the children to receive schooling; and all, whether children or adults to be instructed in the arts of civilization life, suitable to their condition. This aggregate of forty-five thousand dollars was based upon an allowance of one hundred and fifty dol lars for each individual, and as there has been consid erable mortality among them, and may he more before they reach Africa, the Society have agreed, In au equi table spirit, to make such a deduction from the amount, as under the circumstances may appear juet and rea sonable. This cannot be fixed until we shall ascertain the actual number which may become a charge to the society. It was also distinctly agreed, that under no circum stances shall this government be called upon fur any additional expenses. The agents of the society manifested a laudable desire to conform to the wishes of the government, throughout the transaction, They assured me that, after a careful calculation, they would be required to expend the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars on each individual in complying with the agreement. and they would have m thing left to remunerate them for their care, trouble and responsibility. At all events, i could make no bet ter arrangemet and there was no Whet alternative— During the period when the government itself, through its own agents, undertook the test[ of providing for the captured negro. lu Africa, the cost per head we,: very much greater. There having been no outstanding appropriation ap plicable t this purpose, I could not advance any money on the agreement. l therefore recommend that an ap propriation may b- made, of the amount necessary to carry it into effect. tther captures of s similar character may, and prob ably will, be mode by our naval forces. and I earnestly recommend, that Congress may amend the second sec tion of the act of March 3, 1839, so se to free its con struction from the ambiguity which has so long exist ed, and render the duty of the President plain in exe cuting its provisions. I recommend to your favorable regard the local in terests of the District of Colombia. As the residence of Congress and the executive departments of the govern ment, we cannot fail to feel a deep concern in Its wel fare. This is heightened by the high character and the peaceable and orderly conduct of Its resident inhabi tant, I cannot conclude without performing the agreeable duty of rxpre.siug my gratification, that C,ongreas eo kindly responded to the recommendation of my lent au until message. by affording me sufficient time before the close of their late session fur the examination of all the bills presented to me for approval. This change in the practice of Congress, has proved to he al wholesome re form. It exerted a beneficial influence on the transac tion of legislative business, and elicited the general approbation of the country. It enabled Congress to adjourn with that dignity and deliberation 1,0 becoming to the representatives of this great republic. without having crowded into general appropri,iioll hills provi- Flone foreign to their nature, .d of doubtful coustitit tionality and expediency. Let me warmly and strongly commend this precedent, established by themselves, as a guide to their proceedings during the present session JAMES BUCHANAN. WAI-lINUTON CITY, Dec 8. ism 1100 T AND SHOEMAKERS, TAKE I)NoTICE I. F. O o N 11 CURRIER AND DEALER. 1130 Jlock , t stree , .. below 1255. Philryllphir, has the most extensive assiirt moot of SOLE AND UPPER LEATHER of all des, it tii.ns: Red arc! Oak Selo Skirting. Slaughter, French and City Calf Skins, Kips, Wax-Upper. MI Tom,. Linings, Latinga, Leather Aprnu Skins, e.- t' Lasts, Finding , . and every article et; ,:q requisite Sril Boot and Shoemaking. Wholesale and Rrtail. at the lowest prices, to which he invites 'the tate, (if the trade, net to Ulu 4n SHE PEOPLES , H A T AND C AP STORE rI .VO. 201( NORTH' QrEEN" STREET. SHULTZ & BROTHER, PRACTICAL HATTERS ==l The subscribers in returning thanks to a generous pub lic for patronage heretofore extended, respectfully solicit a continuance of past favors, and invite particular attention to their present assortment of SPRING AND SUMMER HATS, CAPS AND STRAW GOODS, of every variety and style. The superior excellence and beauty of which have never been excelled; causing a demand the meet unprecedented. Which fact is mainly attributable to the VERY LOW PRICE at which all their lists and Caps are dinposed nf. Their motto being "QUICK SALES AND SMALL PROFITS," the •' swift sixpence is better than the slow shilling." All, therefore. who would practice economy in the pur chase of HATS can save from 25 to 50 per cent. by calling at the ❑AT STORE. opposite Michael's Hotel, in North Queen street, Lancaster. Geode sold to Country Merchants at Philadelphia prime. COUNTRY FURSbought, and the highest rash price paid. JOHN A. SHULTZ, HENRY A. SHULTZ, apr 27 ly 15 Proprietors. ATIONAL POLICE GAZETTE.--This II Great Journal of Crime and Criminals in in its Thir teenth year. and is widely circulated throughout the coun try. It is the first paper of the kind published in the United States. and in distinctive tu its character. It has lately passed into the hands of Geo. W. Matsell & Co., by whom it will hereafter be conducted Mr. Matsell was formerly Chief of Police of Now York City, and he will no doubt render it one of the most interesting papers In the country. Its editorials are forcibly written, and of a char acter that should command fur the paper universal sup port. . . 415 - Subscriptions, $2 per annum ; for Six Months, to be remitted by Subscribers, (who should write their names and the town, county and.etato where they reside plainly,) to GEO. W. MATSELL & CO.. Editors and Proprietors of the National Police Gazette, ect 27 tt 41 New York City THE UNITED STATES DEMOCRATIC EI E . TILE UNITED STATES DEMOCRATIC RETIEIT is now in its Twentieth year—nearly the tee of human life. During this period many political 3loptlilie4 hove been born. and have expired, leaving the field open, and, at present, unoccupied, except by thin Review. The previous numbers of the New SERIES having received the approval of the Democratic press throughout the conu try.—and of all the old subscribers, with a large accesssiou of new—it in hoped the pre.eut number will meet with at least equal favor. T li R MS Simla Subscribers, in arlierve Clubs of Five, Ten, " Twenty All Post masters are requssted to act as .mernts.aud upon the receipt of $l2 dd from auy Agent, a rdx th ropy of the Review will I,e forwarded to hie eddreis. :,:raLie, for , ms year. Communications to boaddroaced to C Oil ACKBAMER, 1 7 . R. DEMOCRATIC REVIEW." 3.1 h Broadway. N. MITE _HARR ISBURO PATRIOT d UNION, PUBIMMIED EVERT MORNING, ISUNDAYS EXCEPTED,) BY O.BARRETf ,k CO. R. J. lIALDEMAN, EDITOR. The Daily Patriot et Union is forwarded to Mali Stihscrl. here at the rate rate of FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM. The Weekly Patriot ,k Uuion will be pnbikhed. rth here tofore, tueni.weekly during the Session of the Legislature, and once a week the remainder of the year, for $2 in ad vance, or $3 at the expiration of the yeer. nov 21142 NOTICE.--Persons wishing 0 Medicines on Sunday will please call between the hours of 1 and 2 P. M., at Dr. WATLAN'S Drug Store, Na•GO North Queen street .4PT 7 tn 2 CORNER its i. co THI N p STORE. ItE ED , SE eOR ANN, KELLY. Sr. COXL., OF NORTEi QIITLY LTD OPLAIVGI STRIZTB, B A N. K E R 3, LANCAJSTER, PA. ORANITEIMILLDINO, NORTH QUEEN ST., LANITK Home mannfaeured all and Winter Ready Made Cloth- Will receive money on Deposit and pay interest thereon as ing of various styles. mai-rial And color. now on hand, and follows: of to an appreciating public at living prices to both 5 per cent. for any length of time. buyer and seller. 5% '‘ for one year. Light and Heavy Over Crate, Business Coats, Collections made In all parks of the United States. 'Frock Coate. Dress Coats, i Money sent to England, Ireland, Germany, France, An. Sack Coate. Pea Jackets. Passage dertifie.ites for sale from Liverpool to New York, Cricket Jackets, Pantaloons, or Lancaster. Walstcoate; Land warrants and Imminent money bought and mid. Fine Medium and Common Shirts and Suspenders; Shirt Spanish anti Mexican dollars, old 11. 8. gold and silver C,llerstifAtrious styles; Under Shirts and Drawers of Silk, coins bought at a premium. Lambs-mail, Merino and Cotton; Woolen. Merino and Cot- Special attention will be paid by 0. K. Reed to the Nego tou Hosiery end Gloves, Buckskin and Beaver Gloves and dation of Commercial paper, Stocks, Loans, and all market- Mittens: Silk and Gingham Cravats; Stork, and Tyes; able securities in New York or Philadelphia. Silk and Merino Iluffiers and Scarfs; Scotch Gingham and Our friends may rely upon promptness, and our personal cotton Umbrellas; Bandana, Pungee. ludic Silk. Linen attention to their Interests In the transaction of any Nisi and Cotton Handkerchiefs, &c.. in a variety of styles, pat- sees which may be intrusted to us, and we hold ourselves terns ”cad prices. Also, ou hand a general assortment of Individually liable for all money Intrusted to our care. CL iTIIB, CASSIMERES. CASoINETS, UNIONS, GEO. K. REED, - VELVETS, Ac RICHARD McGRANN, Sr, for Over Coate, Mess Coats, Business Costa, and PATRICK KELLY, Pantaloons together with a variety of Silk Velvet, ' - A. MoCONOMY. Grenadine. Valenti., Merino. Satin. English and It dine Silk Vestioge. all of which will be - rnade op , . JLATED•WARE, FROM THE BEST to order in the most approved style, and with reasonable ' I. factorwe In the Culled States, sold at manufacturer's despatch., rates by Thankful for the liberal patronage hitherto extended to ! H. L. & E. J. Z A II NI , this establishment, its present conductors shall endeavor • °ewer North queen street and antre Srruare. to merit a continuance of the same., TEA SETTS, C03151.11N10N SETTS, GOBLETS, SPOONS. oct 53m 38 S. S. RATH VON, Superintendent. i . . FORKS, ICE PITCHERS, KNIVES, &c. is variety. "11 K. KILLIAN, MERCHANT TAILOR. lA. No. 1 MARILLT OTRELT. AILIGISTRO HAGER & BROS. DRY GOODS STORE, Offers for sale the largest, moat complete, and best selected stack of CLOTHS, CASSIMEHES and VESTINGS, ever found in the rite of Lancaster. READY MADE morffm - a. Men's and Boys' Over Coats. Frock. Dye's and Sack Coats. Cassitnerc and Satinett Pan,hxins. Velvet, Plush. Silk and Worsted Vests and even thing else pertaining' to hi. line. MI of wblob have been made up under his direct supervision in the gUloSlanli ti and best manner, nod guaranteed to dire eatisfiu•bnu c3l, and .....111nr. )EMOVAL EXTRAORDINARY dIERCHANT TAILORING. F. P DONNELLY (tbrmerly ot Donnelly & Sma Hog) in forms bls numerous friends and the public generally. that h.. :• •rtt the old clothes' businem to hie former partner. and located himself at No. 6..", North Queen street. in tho room f:rinerly t coupled by Geo. K. Bryan. as a merchant tailoriol establishment. where he has Toiled a large and beaunim adeortment of CLOTHS, CAS,I.MEKES AND VESTINGS, which are int,nded exclusively for customer work. and to W btch he int it, the attention of those who wish their work well made, as every article coming from gg his establishment is warranted to suit the pur chaser in every particular. or no sale. Thankful for the extensive patronage heretofore bestow ed ant tut, (whilst in connection with the nth•i establish merit) 1 hope by pfeniptuess and close application to busi OrIO-1 , to merit n continuance of the same favors Remember the place, No. 6.5 North Queen street. next door to if' Gramis GE.,. K. BRYAN. Having relinquished the merchant tailoring . business, can with confider:bee recommend to hie .liettotters Mr. Donnell, as 11 mechanic who will endeav r to give them satisfaction ill every department Of his bud nes. [sop 14 :lei.. I.IIIOIIGE K 11111.1.kN. I ijiEI.TZELT irks MtEVOY, STILL CON '. tinut NT NG NESS in the THE OItANITE BUILDING. No. North Queen St. Our stock consists of the clinic. est In ENCII ()lAMB. such so Bais:uss. Samonies and N tillsaons finest Cloths of various colors: the choicest French enssimeresi Black Doeskin Cussinieres; Fans) , Cassitneres. the hest selection: Vestings of all descriptions. snd a large ussin Intent of ENTI.EMEN'ii' FURNISJIING GOODS. We respectfully ask a continuance of the patronage to liberally bestowed upon 4/11r predecessor, and trust- by strict attention ti business to receive It. One the firm bus had considerable experience in one the largest and most fashionable Merchant Tailorine . Es tablishments in Philadelphia. and Hatters himself that he will he able to render satistaetion to the patrons ot the them. I'ETZELT & Mc EVOY CLOTHING! CLOTHINGII FOR FALL AND WINTER ! ! JOHN A EHBEN. SIGN OP TIIE STRIPED COAT No. 42 North Queen street, east side, near Orange street, Has now in store the lar.re,t and cheapest assortment of MEN'," AND It FALL AND WINTER CLOTHING in the City of Lancaster All Clothing sold at this estab lishment is of the proprietor's own manufacture, and guar anteed to be well sewed, and warranted to prove the same as represented at the time of purchase. A twmg. his extensive assortment may be found the fol- lowing: ,;verconts and Bangups. from Fin° Blue, Cloth Frock Coats 6 50 " 13 00 " Dress •• 7 00 " 13 00 Blue Cloth Dress 3.n1 Frock Coats 5 50 " 10 0 0 Business Costa 3 00 " 5 75 :',ltiDett Frock and Sack Con 6atinett Mou key Jacketn Black French Doeskin Non, 3 00 " 6 00 Double Milled Cassimere Punts 2 75 " 4 00 Fancy Cursimore Pant, EM=I 1111=11! MIEM= EMME EIMENEMI The above have been made up expressly for the Fall and Winter Business, by the proprietor's own workmen, and mode in the best manner and most modern styles, and litarauteed to be cheaper than similar articles can bo purchased elsewhere. which enables the Farmer, Ilochanic Tr.L•',lllan t • H.3k•• • 1,11 ••• I ail me with 11/n0,11..111 f. , ,r •th i ' • ' Just finished, a very large assortment of Boys' Clothing suitable for Fall au.t inter, consisting of Boys , ierrsiiito, Frock, 01st, oral llmikey Coats. Roundabouts Pants and Vests, of all sit,. and qualities. an.l at oxlrrmely low PrWell. lull .1111...: IV.oien arid Odium Cstui, ful Ilr.aue. ht. Collars C. avals. I Inndl erchirfm, Fq..eks. Clovis. Hosier • 1311 1; b 1.11.1'. duet seriiived. a large wiwirtment clitlTll6, MEd and Fret--I Doeskin Cacti ,lnt-rt-S, I airs cams. Velvidr, or which wi:t be made np tattler at chart netice, in the latest foshloti and urn the most reasonable. terms. Thu ut..bosigned hopes, by strict auenti •it to business and undsivoring to please customers. to twelve a o,ntht =nee of public patronage. JulIN A EI:hEN. United Statvt Clothing 6torn. sign of . the striped Coat, No. 42 North Queen street, eaet side, near the o mot of Or- • ange street, Lancaster, 1V ATCH, AMERICANIS.. justly eel.•brated for its a( curacy as a time-keeper. and it, adoptability t every kind of use, is offered fur Fade in variety. b. IMEIEOII3 Owner nf yucenivreet and , "enter Spectre. Tii••re or e .71 . 2 the Anteri..an Watch. man afactuo..l he It, AillArican Watch Cu.. at Wlitham. Mass.: the tirst quality in marked on s lLc luorks .....4fipleron. Tracy di th., Irddiant. the r-cond go cl ity -Chas T. Parker. Waltham, Masi: :" and the third quality ••P. S. Bartlett, Waltham. Mass" All et these qualities aro manufactured by one company. and are ffnaran teed by them to be made if good materials. and to every reqi.tio tore go..d tittle-piece. The movement nun* train. a loch oevents it from teeing a ff ected be railroad or other tavel gaud sly Ind any part be broken, it Can he rrpla,nd with a part front the factory, equally 11.3 we'll finished :is the original. Appleton. Tr rc & Co., the manufacturers of tho Ameri can Watch, have no SpeciaLdgc ids in nut city of the Union, but sell to all dealer , at precisely the same rates. We ran furbish these watches in SP eerier Gold eliSes, of any style required. at as Lust a rate as the lientrim, watch eau be sold :AI, where in the United `dates. Wo have also ,a 1 mod and for sole bdv, a large stock of English and Swi,o. Levers. from the 111051 approved man, factories, among thee, • she -Equilibrium Lever." au accu• rain ridiable watch. HARRY L. 'LAIN. Rug 31 tf33 EDW. J. ZAII3I. IM=SEI W A S' ICI' L E I R E I;S S A C lt ° J C A M 3 P E D Y E S A L I t it T , Y ) 0 WEST KING St., (near Market) takes pleasure in inviting attention to his now and large stock of Goods, which con, prises as great a variety of all articles in Lie line as can be found in the eity l cousistingin part of Ladies' Fine 19 Carat B . Lpvo , Watchm, Fine Gold Hunting Lever, Open-Laced Leven, Silver Hunting Case " Open faced o good assortment of LEVERS and LEPIN ES of Silver and Composition Cases; QUA RTIERS .ad ENGLISH WATCH— ES (Erst and Beyond handed,) all of which aro warranted to keep time or no sale. Iris assortment of JEWELRY is the most extensive over offered to the riti.zens or Lancaster. part of which are the following styles: FINE PAINTED BREASTPINS, EAR RINGS AND BRACELETS to match; CAMEO SETTS, FLORENTINE lOSAIC, and PLAIN EAR RINGS and BREASTPINS, all of which for beauty, style and cheapness cannot be surpassed in the cite. Also, a fine assortment of PLAIN and CHASED BRACELETS and BANDS, with Cameo Setts and Medallions. Particular attention paid to Jewelry of Gentlemen's wear, comprising Sleeve Buttons, Studs. Guard, Breast and Fob Chains of thp best quality; Ribbon Slides, Gold and Silver Tooth Picks, etc. Always on hand a good .sortment of SILVER WARE, such is Spoons. Tea, Table, Dessert, Sugar, Mustard and Salt; Dinner and Tea Forks; Napkin Rings; Butter and Fruit Knives; Salt Cellers; Cups. Pie Knives, Pickle Knives and Forks, setts of Knives, Forks and Spoons for Misses.— Also a beautiful lot of Port Mooradee for Ladies and Gents, Combs and Brushes of all kinds, Accordeons, Ac. Clocks from SI.2J. to $5O, oil warranted. W The undersigned lies, at considerable expense, got up a Card of Hair Work Patterns. for which be receives orders—to be executed in Philadelphia in the moat chaste and durable style, and at short notice. The public are in vited to call and examine his stock and judge for them selves. JAMES P. DYSART. Sign of the Big Watch, No. 10, Weat King St., Lauegator Pa. June 1 tf 20 WATCHES, CLOCKS and JEWELRY. VT REDUCED PRICES. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. C. B. SHULTZ, 914 Market street, above 9th, South aide, Phila delphia. June 2 ly ANT ATCIIES AT GREATLY REDUCED RATES AT 11. L. & E. Z A II M'S a,rnar of North Queen street and Centre Square. Every WATCH sold by us is warranted to be what it is represented. We call especial attention to the now EQUILIBRIUM LEVER, which cannot be stir- passed as a pocket time Mere. WATCHES carefully repaired. TAUFFER & HARLEY. Al CHEAP WATCHES AND JEWELRY. Wholesale and Retail. at the" Philadelphia Watch gie, and Jewelry Store" No. Itg (old No. 96) NORTH SECOND Street, Corner of Quarry. Philadelphia. ' , Ea Gold Lever Watch., full Jewelled, 18 caret cases, VS G Gold Lepine, 18 caret. 2-1 00 Silver Lever, full jewelled. 12 00 Silver Lepine. Jewels. , 9 0() Superior QuartierN, Gold Spectorlc, Fine Silver do. h old Brneelets Lady'spold Per, Silver Tea Spoons, Gold Pens, with Pencil and Silver holder. Gold Fiuger Rings, 37!, cts. to $80; Watch Glasses, plain 12>4 eta. patent 18%, Lunot 25; other artic.es in proportion. All goods warranted what they are sold for. 4,1-.ou band Rome Gold and Silver Levers and Leplnes still loner than the above price, oot 201 y 40 2 , 12 (}l r : Ton . 40 0 , Address COAL AT LOWEST' CASH PRICES. The nullersi2:ued having ret'eiving their stock et' PINE GROVE, BALTIMORE COMPANY, r,YKENS' GALLEY. SHAMOKIN AND TEEN TON COALS, Will deliver the same to purchasers, earefully screened, at the very lowest prices. for each. Always on hand, Limeburuers' and BlaOkscalth Coal. 0 En. c A LDlill4 CO , Office. East Orange, near North Queen street. 'yard. at linters Landing, on the Conestoga. nag Eitf : 3 Ft A R V . R mo S st7p s p r 0 0 O v 00d Imported rara SE nf i) tht aniist relvved and for .le 01 QPICH. S, rtt.c.--Cinnamon, Cloves, Sala- C) RATIIS, BAKING SODA, CREAM TARTAR, NUT MEGS, &a, For sale at THOMAS &LUTA Fr RIVB Drag & Chemical Store, West Ring street, Leme'r. fob t tt 4 .p i t 134 F. P. DONNELLY, AOKNI. MiffM $3 00 to 15 U 0 3 2. • 500 200 •• 325 EINIEIM IZZEI OMNI HEMMED CE111=11SIMI:1 July 6 1 In 1, 1 R..1011N WAYLAN'S Drug Store, No. 60 North Queen Street Jane 23 ly 23 TOVES TIN AND COPPER WARE.-- 0 The undersigned respectfully announces to his old friends and patrons, and to the public that be continues to keep on hand a large assortment of Cooking Parlor. Of. Ike and other STOVES, of the latest and most approved patterns. lin also continues to carry on extensively the manufacture of TIN, SIIEET-11:0N AND COPPER WARE Of all kinds. made in the neatest and moat substantial wanner. Housekeepers and persons going to housekeeping aup. plied with all articles desired at the very lowest prices.— Persons wishing articles in his line are invited to can at his old stand King :Arne!. a few doom. from Cei.• 'qua, CHI: IST] ANHIEPI°i:k lea d MAKING.--The subscriber re k speafully luft.rtu. las ft I,nds and the. public ~,tie,,11% that Ito still carries ma the. Wg_ COACHMAKING in nil lln varies branches, at his shop. In the run ning e oat Fran the Court House. oar of I , precht r' , and Lerhlers Ihdels Lan aster. where he continue, r • ••rder, and at the l..west possible prises, OA ES of every dessription, of the best materials and in th.• most substantial manner. /kg" All new work warranted Repairing she, attended to with dispatch II • respect ally solicits it shin, /if public pert mice. lIIy a I) it, SAVINC FUND. =II =I! INCORPoRATED BY THE STATE OF I'ENN',4 FIVE I' ER CENT INTKREST. niney Is received in say aunt, large or small, anti inter est paid from the day of deposit to the day of withdrawal. The office is open every day from 9 o'clock in the morn ning till 5 o'clock in the afternoon, and on Nlonday and Thursday evenings till 8 o'clock HON. lIENRY L. BRENNER, President. ROBERT SELFRIDGE. Vico President. NVSI. J. REED, Secretary....... ME= F. Carroll Browstar, Joseph B. Barry. Francis Leo, Joseph Yacht's, Henry Diffendurtar. Lynients mad., in 001.1) daily Henry L. Brenner, Edward L. Carter, Robert Selfridge. Samuel K. Ashton. C. Landreth Mimes. Money is received and r; . without notice. The investments arc made GAGES, GROUND RENTS, an as the Charter requires. in REAL ESTATE MORT d such first chins eeurl tier July 27 tt 28 r OCAL FREIGHT NOTICE.--The 14 PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD COMPANY are now prepared to receive ,toil forward FREDI Lew..., Phil, delphia, Lancaster and Columbia, at the following rotes per hundred pounds: • • " BETWEEN PHILA. AND COLUMBIA. First Class. Second Class. Third Clans. Fourth Class 72 eta. 18 cts. 16 ctn. 14 eta. Flour, 29 ets. per barrel. Pig Metal. 10 eta. per 100 pounds. BETWEEN PEIILA. AND LANCASTER. First Class. Second Class. Third Class. Fourth Class 20 cts. 17 cts. 5 els. 13 ets Flour, 25 de. per barrel. Pig Metal. 10 " 100 lbs. ARTICLES OF IsT CLASS. Fresh Fish, Boots and Shoes, Nuts in Bags, Cedar and Wooden Ware, I'orter & Ale in bottles, Dry lifusts. Poultry in coops, Fu nitnf., Pt . , ltry, (dressed Fosthe•r: Wrapping Pallor. ARTICLES OF 2D CLASS. Melons. 01Is iu cs.,ks or burn.l 11211/11111ZEI Paper in boxes. 1.:1.111 es . Pastebilard. Unit... or Barrel, (empty.) Peaches. (dried.. {O, lie, Printing Paper. o,s and Rifles. Paper Hanging's Herrin.) in ). ,xy, 1111 d kegs. Queensware. Sweet Potatoes. Tobacco In hales. Iron. hot. p. 1..1.101 01 shoot. Tea, Leather. Tr p•. Liquor in NV `tarble Sl,hs 11,1 Cathie Turpootitte, (,pts..l Monument,. Varnish. AIPFICLES OF 3n CLASS. Potato., (irrerm) Vinolar. Lard. At kite Lead, iiystern Clams, (iu shell.) Window Gluon Tobacco, (1113 untiteturod.) ARTICLES OF .1,11 CLASS. Rodu, Salt, Fish. salted. tirsio of all kinds Nails and Spikes, Pitch, Plaster. Tobacco, (leaf,, Tin. Tar. * 7 9_ For furl her to toramtiou, apply to SNEEDER, Freight Agent, Phila. E. K. ROTC E, Freight Agent, Columbia. W. H. MYERS. Freight Agent, Lancaster. 1y 30 KNICKERBOCKER MAGAZINE FIFTY-SECOND VOLUME, BEGINNING WITH THE JULY NUMBER. LOUIS GAYLORD CLARK.). i • Edtors. JA NI ES 0. NOYEU. JOHN A. GRAY, Pa ishrr. Arrangements have been made with the following pope• lar anthem for contributions to the succeeding volumes of the KNICEERDOCEEK, comprising, we believe, a greater amount and variety of talent than have ever been enlisted for any magazine in the country : FITZ GREEN lIALLECK, Da...1. W. FRANCIS, GULIAN C. VERPLANCK, H. T. TUCKER:SIAN, DR. OLIVER W. HoLMES DONALD G. M ITCU ELL, M Z 1 I M a MI .101 IN G. SAXE. ALFRED B. STREET, PARK BENJAMIN, RE, F. W. SHELTON BRoe. EDWARD NORTH, MANTON M. MARBLE. DR..I. W. PALMER E. L. GODKIN. FITZ JAMES O'BRIEN T. B. ALDRICH, JAMES W. MORRIS, x. 11. STODDARD JOIIN PIDENIX. A. WILDER. As heretofore. its pages will be devoted to the cultivation of Literature, Art, and Humor. Leaving to others the dis cussion of vexed political and polemical questions, it will yet be the aim of the editors to procure for the body of the Magazine the most brilliantartieles upon the topics of the day: and the large resources at their command will enable them to make thepages of the KNICEERBOCEER ansurpsssed iu excellence and variety of matter. Mr. CtAak's time be ing now bestowed mainly upon the 'Editor's Ihble," the inimitable feature of the KNICKERBOCKER, he will labor to make it the most delightful repository of wit, himmr, and of literary gems, in the English language. Every Number of the succeeding volume will contain a steel-plate engraving, and illustrated articles will frequent. ly grace the pages of the litatwir, All communications connected with the Business Depart ment of the KNICKERBOCKER should he addressed to Joux A. GRAY. lb and 1(3 Jacob street. All Articles designed fur publication—all Literary inquiries—all New Boobs and Publications should be addressed to either of the Editors. IMEDZI Single copies, one year, $3 00 Two copies 5 00 Three copies, 6 00 An extra copy sent to any one who will make up a do h of ten subscribers, at $2 each. nug 31 tf 33 -.'PRIZE F W O HO R Bu LLE E It s F Y OR B TI O IE D Y 1 NEW YORK WEEKLY PRESS, A beautifully illustrated Family Newspaper. • THE NEW YORK WEEKLY PRESS is one of the hest literary papers ~f the day. A large Quarto containing. TWENTY PAGES, or SIXTY COLUMNS, of entertaining mutter; and ELEGANTLY ILLUSTRATED every week. I } Y , A Gilt worth from 50 cents to $lOOO,OO will he sent to : each subscriber on receipt of the subeription money. . t TEIISIS—IN ADVANCE. One copy for one year, and 1 gift $ 2 Cl Three copies one year. and 3 gtfts 5 ttt Five copies one year, and 5 gifts fi '3) Ten copies one ). ear, and 10 gifts 15 00 Twonty.one copies one year, and 21 gifts 30 00 The articles to be distributed are comprised In the fol. lowing list 1 United States Treasury Note $lOOO 00. do. do. do. 500 00, each 5 do. do. do. 200 00, each 10 do. do. do. 100 00, each 20 Patent Lever Hunting Cased Watches.. 75 00. each 20 Gold Watchees 75 00, each 50 Gold Watches 60 00. each 100 do. 50 00, each 300 Ladles' Gold Watches 85 ou, each 200 Silver Hunting Cased ...... ....... ...... 30 0 0 . rush 500 Silver Watches $l5 00 to 25 00, each 10.0 Gold Guard, Vest and Fob Chains 10 00 to 30 00, each 1000 Gold Pena and Pencils 5 00 to 15 00, each Gold Lockets, Bracelets, ilcom.hes, Ear Drops. Breast, Pi.. Cuff Pins, Sleeve Buttons, Rings, Shirt Studs.l Watch Keys, Gold and Sliver Thimbles. and a variety n other az tkles, worth from 50Cents to $l5 00 cash. On receipt of the subscription money, the subscriber's name will be entered upon onr books and the gift for worded within one week to him, by mail or express poet paid. Sir All communications must be addressed to DANIEL ADEE, Publisher, Sit Centro street, New York. ly 41 1;1 ALL OPENING OF MILLINERY.— I Mrs M. SCHELL has opened at her new establish. ment, N. E. corner of 9th and Cherry streets. a sp rich ascortment of MILLINERY. comprising BON NETS, DRSS CAPS, HEAD DRESSES, FRENCH FLOWERS, RIBBONS, Ac., Ac.; including, also, a hand some assortment of French Pattern Hate. fort 1 . 23 re 9 NI,TeIfotNIS,OyHsEAMILYO G si I I V TIT E T N ION T H H O : tc I: d In Mount Joy Borough, Lancaster county, with a capital stock of Fifty Thousand Dollars ' will apply at the next red9101:1 01 the Pennsylvania Legislature, for the privilege of increasing its capital stork Twenty•flve Thousand Dollars, with the further privilege of increasing the came to One Hundred •and Fifty Thousand Dollars, and for power to \ change its name to the " MOUNT JOY BANK," end under that name. In its present location, to issue bank notes, and ircaddition to its present privileges, to exercise and enjoy general banking privileges, under the general laws of the Commonwealth regulating Bank'. By order of the Mee ' tore. \ HENRY KBKftLB, President. JACOB IL LONG, Treasurer. Mount Joy. Penna., Juno 22, 1868. Dann 22 831 28 E A . AND EYE• DEAFNESS, TOTAL OR PARTIAL, ENTIRELY - - - DR. H. ENWOOD. SR., begs leave to call the attention o those suffering under a partial or total lose of the sense of bearing to the following facts: He treats diseases of the mid die and Internal ear with medicated douches, such so la practised in the Infirmaries of Berlin, Lepisic, Brussels, Hamburg and Petersburg, and lately by the most distin guished London aurists, with the most wonderful success; indeed, it Is the only method that has been universally imccessfed, The best proof of the efficacy of thin treatment will be a mffirence to nearly nine hundred names, residenta of the United States. Canada, Now Brunswick and Nova Scotia, who have been restored to acute bearing, and not a single solitary case. to our knowledge, did wo fail to effect either a partial or total restoration of the hearing, when our advice and instructions were faithfully and punctually ad• tiered tn. Many who could not hear the report of a pistol at arm'e length, can now hear a watch beat at the distance of four feet. In canoe of mucus accumulation In the Eusta chian Tube and Tympanum, Inflammation of the macne membrane, nervous affections, diseases of the membrane tympard, railed the •• Drum," or when the disease can be traced to the effects of foyers, or colds, the use of quinine or =curial medicines, gatherings In the ears in chldbood, &r., this treatment stands pro eminent. When the audi tory canal is dry and scaly, with little or no secretion, when the deafness is accompanied with noise In the ear, like falling of water,chirping of insects. ringingof belltcrtust ling of leaves, continued pulsations, a discharge of matter; or when stooping, a sensation is felt as if a a rush of blood to the head had taken place; when the hearing Is less neut.. In dull, cloudy weather, or whets a cold hen been ta ken, this method of treating the disease Is Infallible. In deo( and dumb caste, my °anemone,. warrants me In saying that If the Marine wo mod at any lime, much can be areomplinhett In the o deaf and dumb schools air Lepelc, out of a class of thurkein, I nuecetele.l in restoring four to acute hearing Dr. K. begs explcitly lo state that In those cases he un taken hezuarant,s n sueret.sful result—complete re st••rati,al ..f the sense. or such n !narked Improvement as will be is•rlectly ssllsfnetnry. If his remedies are faithfully sppli-.1 sod thre.•tbms appii,nts will please gtat, h eit age. dur.stlen of the di-suse. irt outer Issues f,en, the external pee,,,ess If there an, w.f., in the ears, ,enerml Ileslll,. quil ni, tl they suppose to have n .4 the dealn,,,. When 111 ,1 ring is re wt,.-0 it i. • ape-red t6,t tie In ....v., ti.t.stnnees trill cnn,rshule tr•q. , ,,1 1. th.. ~p1.1te.:01..n of Nir.l , ll,rril VA- I'OR•. :LI rtiry:lide lit .! ti.atinent li.r .lileaxes ~r It , Err:. 'War tot. So,l+,allrnma mr.l kV , Kknt 1.1 littinollatio:ll4 the Lidi, t , .1, ' I. il • Y urd ;13 Is :ht. T., r hr• Is.l ...I . lltkl/1 11 , e wild . the to I' tir.• , Ilio• tar atli'mn , ed in lit, Iht. W. , llll.rtuky ren.JvaLiug, i " ' , 1. I=! MEE A , llll-4 Natioml t C It / {Atli Ii I)li. .1 E..: M. 1 . 19 , 1 I if, t 1.t.. , t1Ve Ills 1, , ~,,,,, 11,1'1 , • 11 , 1 t..• ,ti 1..1 I. I, .IPtirc,l/ ~. •• 111 , 1 ,, tiii , ,• al , f ii,. , 1,•111‘, SAFETY TREST Company • , / , /,,..9es olt nor otd , rat tve plopertles un dt Ore, t sa I dlledl-e.- the i• I .1” , ” .7 .11, \ W 1111011 t h.. ex, last., f trp..st ; at 1.1 a:Ilt••11, • 1 .1 t 1 tlik• proper tnn. . meat o lla 1t• ,11n1 I,lt i n 10,1 ,havaav, ),0 it ltat ~:0. 1 11,11• .1i,111,1 have the boned - Dot lattli dv a / a ltit Irti.otill,•11I. Th , • I my tram hiettt 11 dm Alt dla t and Ihe Iti,ll ch ea, 1., of the I ns • itutiott nee wi.i.ll I 11 ern ...lig had the honor to preside. ore too well known to lieed Any enl or (san :tent ten the nt the so ootn, ptleale alai ppd. a.hmal truants, 11,41,,1i I.lll , tt.llll,pic oral the anov charily let 1...0. Mot 'all, supp.dte.l and alter .due oonsiderattoth I ha v ..r.11C111.15..1 1.. 111110. such arrangements as will bring the betodits of Illy ex eerwnen and ire '11,•11I Wit 11111 the re—.VII of all. 1111.1 0 t von fine my self. no heretofore, to tleete only all.,altertal the lulli Diary • er ale , wore able to Visit nia al lily , dice 11.pping there. that the arrangement will give tmtire satutfactiort, Moth my I rufensiott totethren am' the public. I ivould respetifillly .tlntnum , in conclusion. that / nun woo be con sul/0i p , rsonially by b ~, 111 411. a., rO4 Ve. and that the Ineolt Ines. the -unit. .01 In the Institu tion, pt.:pool to slot each Indira Dial .ttse, /a/nt/inil !va por, .11ethral Inhalers. . will he forwar , lial Ity to any part ot the 1 • 011...1 ,t,ttes •.r the Trana—My t. Dn. PI Ir. ainient 1..1n.r . rs , ln.witt: sl' lnonth fur vain, psthm . . h 6111 on lode 111. • int , ,ttllieiont for 0• 10 , 41111 11... e: also [Whiling Vapor, and nu Inhaltig Apparatus Pap..., f nn,, ih lu be paid to Express ..ittent tsl h., i.l and the balance $6 d 1 he pai.l 115p11,11.01 of the tnltt it the 11.‘11..1it hr Cored or is y with the treatment. Patients, by gittlig 'nlllll , ll , l' of their vase. and their ttytnittoms in full, ran be t ream(' as well by letter In personal ea:nail/att.,. r ailing t.helilselv as es of Dr. JAI - raft's treatment , tufty rely upon 1111111, diate anti permanent relit. 1. as he seldom has to treat a itn.re than thn“) dy, torn for advice promptly austvered. For further particulars address No S2O Itra.rd Deny, els - . 'l'welllh st., N V. I'. S.—Physician; and others visiting tias city are spectrully invited to call at the Infirmary. Wile, many interesting rases Mill he witne,,titl, and svhertt our is, proved apparatus for tho inhalation of tntslicateti vapor can h so mitt insrstettst an t ; .1 tint 'itt THE GREATEST. DIEDICAL " DISCOVERY . OF THE AGE. rrnE GREATEST MEDICAL DISCO V ERY OF TILE AGE.—Dr. KcaNcuv. of Roxbury, ha litionvored, in our or oar errurnon peat urn weedq, n remedy that cures from the worst ;Scrofula twin to a ~ , ammo, Ile hos tried it iu over lbw cases, and never laded except in twin rases, (both thunder humor.) Ile has now In Ills possession inner two haminat certifirates or Its virtue, al within twenty miles of Boston. Two bottles are warranted to cure a nursing more mouth One to throe bottles will cure the worst blind of Pimples on the face. Twu to three bottles will dear the system of Biles. Two bottles are warranted to cure the worst cooker the mouth or stomach. Three to fire bottles are'warronted to curd the worst case of Elrynipelas. One or two bottle.. are warminted to cure all humor in the Eyes. Two laittles aro warranted to cure running of the earn and blotches among the hair. Four to six bottler are warranted to cure corrupt and running ulcers. One bottle will cure Healy eruption of tho skin. Two to three bottles are warranted to cure the worst cases of ringworm . Two to three bottles are warranted to cure tine unmet des perate onion of rheumatism. Three to four bottles are warraoted to cure the sal rheum. Five to eight betties will cure the worst case of scrofula A. benefit is always experienced front the first bottle, and 3 perfect cure is warranted irlion the above quantity Is taken. Header, I peddled over a thousand bottlee of this to the vicinity of Boston. I know the effect of it in every caste.— So sure as water will extinguish tire, no sure will this cure humor. I never wild a tattle of It, but that sold another; after a trial it always speaks for itself. There ore two things about thin herb that appear surprising; first, that It groove in our pastures, In SUMO places quite plentiful, and yet Ito value has never been known until I discovered it In 1846—second, that it should cure all kinds of humor In order to give some idea of the sudden rise, and great popularity of the discovery, T will Oate that in .April, 1A53, I peddled it and sold about six bottled per day—in April, 1554, I sold over one thou-Hlld betties per day of It. Some of the wholesale druggists who, have been in the business twenty and thirty years, may that nothing iu the annals of patent medicines was ever like it. There In tt universal praise of it faun all quarters. In my own praetiee I always kept it strictly for humors —but since its intruder , iOll no a general family medicine, Teat and wonderful virtues have been found in it that I never suspected. Several cases of epileptic tits—a disease which was always, considered incurable, have been cured by a few bottles.— 11, what a merry if it prove effectual In nll otiose of that awful malady—there are but few who have seen mere oflt than I hove. I know of several moms of Dropsy, all of them aged peo ple, cured by it. For the various diseases of the Liver, Sick Head:vile. Dyspepsia. Asthma. Fever and Ague, pain in the side. Diseases of the Spine, and p rot icularly In dieeases of the Kidneys, Ac., the discovery hits done inure good than any medicine ever known. No change of diet ever necessary—tat the beet you get and e neap h of it. DIRK-moms FOR UsE.—Adulta one table .moiifill per day —Children over too years dessert spotinfid. Children from five to eight yearn tea ..ponfill. As no thrections can be applicable to all conittltutions, take MO t b operate on the bowels twice a day. Mituutactared by MME Wholesale Agents.—Sew York city. C. NI. Clicknor. 81 Barclay street; C. 11. Ring, 1911 Broadway; Rushton Clark, 175 Broadwity; A It. & U. Sands, 109 Fulton at. Sold in Rochester by J. Bryan & C.,. Wholesale Atents, No. 112 6tate street; al. by 1.. Post k Co. General Agent.—T. W. 1/yott et Son, Philalelphin. Ae..nts in La,lauitor.—•lamon nnlth, Win. li. Baker, Samuel Welchem., B. 11. Kauffman. IL A Ilockatield A. Ileinitsb and John F. le,ng. /mg 4 ly CJ ASTROLOGY. U 0.1) NE WS AN DGOODLUCK Ur kuit S!L. arir-CAUTION!—AsTitot,ouY l—hook 11111.! (sll.ll News for All l—The nevt IltS. VAN lit/ItN is the very best she is vete to succeed when all there have failed.— Ail who are in trouble, ell who have been unfortunate, de ceived and trifled with; all altos, tot hopes have been crushed and Wattled by take promises ; all who have had bad lurk, from whatever cause, fly to her for advice and comfort. In lose cl train she was never !mown lo fail. She has the secret of winfilLlV, the affections ~I the opposite sex. It le this feel whi h induces Illiterate pretenders to try to Imitate bor. She e1m... , you the likeness of your future wife, built:awl, Of absent blend. It in well known to the public at large that she is the fiat and only person in this country who ran show the likeness in reality, .d can give entire mallet - action on all tbe corbel of life, which can he tested and proved by thousands, both [flurri ed and single, who daily anti eagerly vistt her. slot also calculates luclty days mud lucky number.. I' ~ate! coma all! to No.1:20 IMlliAltll sTII.EST, I tttween Juni per and Blond. Philadelphia. june 15 tint. 22 lIOVER'S LIQUID lIA IR DYE.--The testimony of Prof. Booth and Dr. Brinckle haring preriouosly been published, the following in now added:— From Prof. McCLOSKEY, formerly Proie6sor of Thixiri and Practice of Medicine In the Ftmaln %bodice) College of Pennsylvania, and lute Penh. .nor ul .Surgery in the American college of Medicine, he. PHILADELPHIA, Non. :f7tli, 1150. Mr. Joseph E. Ifor, :—A trial or tot r LIQUID HAM DYE will CIIIIVIRC, the most skeptical, that it M o We, ele gant and ejliciacioug preparation Unlike many others, It has in several instances proved serviceable in the cure of Plume comm.,. eruptions cm the head. and I hate un hesi tation in commending ft to those requii lug such an appll catiou. Yery respectfully, J. F. X. 51cCLUSKEY, JI. D., 475 Race St., above 13th. •.. . • . HOVER'S WRITING INES, including HOVER'S WRI TINU FLUID, and 11 , ,VE1t'S 11 , ,DELIBLE INKS, still maintain their high character, which has always distin guished there, and the extensive demand first created, has ,continued uninterrupted until the present. Orders addressed to the Manutactory, No. 418 RACE St. above FOURTH, (old No. 144,) Philadelphia, will receive prompt attention by dac lb tf 48 JOSEPH E. HOVER, Manufacturer. AAILEB.ICAN (=OLD WANTED, At highest current rates, paying 4 per cent for Gold, 8 " Silver. wt la ta9 HEED , WGRARN, KELLY a 00. 1)V rif Y. F.YI. •r.• Oi ill• t.%•' Vlti,re and Iht• I)ea` w:111 xteal mt.! '.y t•tot . Li, II \ It -'. Iv Vl= th)NALD KENNEDY. No. 1110 Warren At., .Nuns.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers