INTELLIGENCER & LANCASTERIAN. GEO. SANDERSON, EDITOR. A* SANDERSON, Associate. LANCASTER, PA., MARCH 10, 1857, CUICCIiATION, aiob COPIES I Subscription Pbicz, $2,00 per'annum. , DEMOCRATIC STATS TICKET. FOR GOVERNOR. j WILLIAM F. PACKER, Lyeoming County- FOE JUDGE OF THE SUPREME] COURT. ELLIS LEWIS, Philadelphia City. ' FOR CANAL COMMISSIONER. NIMROD STRICKLAND, Chester; County. The Inauguration. ■' A pretty full and accurate account of the inauguration of President Buchanan is given in our columns to-day. The that we discover is in the time and place where the oath was administered by Chief Jjistice Taney to the President. It was done 09 the Eastern Portico of the Capitol, in presence of the vast multitude of people there assembled, and after he had delivered his Inaugural Address. The New Cabinet. The new Cabinet was sent to the Senate, on Friday, and confirmed by that body. In its complete condition it stands as follows: Secretary of State—Lewis Cass, of Miohi gan. Secretary ■df the Treasury—Howell Cobb, of Georgia. Secretary of the Navy—lsaac Toucey, of Connecticut. Secretary of War —John Buchanan Floyd, of Virginia. Secretary of the Interior—Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi. Postmaster General Aaron Venables Brown, of Tennessee. Attorney. General—Jeremiah S. Black, o! Pennsylvania. The Cabinet of President Buchanan, We hail with satisfaction the announce ment ’made of the names of the distin guished gentlemen whom President Bu chanan has called around him os his “Con stitutional advisers.” We congratulate the people of theso United States,—the fountain of all power, —on the fortunate choice he has made. With that prudence which has ever characterized him, he has, since his election, well weighed the various distinguished men who have contributed to the honor, safety and welfare of the Union, in the troublous times which, lately threatened our political prosperity and fortunes, and after due and proper deliberation he has made his selections. It was no easy task, but we err greatly if he has; not succeeded in pleasing all true friends of the Constitution and the Union. The limits ol this us to do more, at present, than to gi/e a mere passing notice of the distinguished yfiien who compose the Cabinet of the new President, and we do so, as some of them, although known to the country generally, yet there are others whose names, to many of our readers, may not be so familiar. They are all firm and consistent members of the Democratic party. Lewis Cass, formerly a General in the Army-of the United States, during the War of 1812, afterwards Governor of the then Terri tory of Michigan for very many years ; Secre tary of War, under Andrew Jackson, and Minister to France. While in the latter situ- ation, on his own responsibility, be filed his protest, in the name of hia Government, against the Quimuple Treaty, which had been concluded among the Great Powers of Europe, threatening the freedom of the Beas, and which had the effect of putting an end thereto. Since then the able and efficient champion of his country’s honor and interests on the floor 1 of the U. S. Senate. Gen. Cass brings with him into the Department of State a mind richly stored with every knowledge of foreign and domestic affairs, and, without doubt, of all living statesmen is, perhaps, the ablest man who could have been called to that im portant office. No man is more fully known to the whole people, and no one more fully enjoys their respect and esteem for services rendered his country. Howell Cobb, of the State of Georgia, once Governor thereof, Secretary of the Treasury, is well known to all as the sound and con servative statesman, the learned and eloquent orator and debator, who has so ably sustained the interests of the whole Union, not only in the House of Representatives of the United States, over which he has once presided as Speaker, but who devoted his time, talents and energies to the service of the Union throughout its length aDd breadth. Who that heard him during the late campaign in * the .North, but at once recognized in him the champion—not of a section—but of the entire confederacy. He brings into the laborious Department, which he has been selected to fill, a full knowledge of all its branches and duties, and with an industry and untiring zeal to perform its requirements. His ap pointment cannot fail to please all true,Union loving citizens. He is in the full bloom of health and youthful vigor, and we predict for him one constant current of successful admin istration. John Buchanan Flotd, late Governor of Virginia, is the son of the late John Floyd, who likewise filled that distinguished station. He is well known to the people of the United States, for the bold and manly course he dis played during the late exciting contest. He is a man of nerve, action, talents and industry, and in selecting him, for the post of Secretary of "War, Mr. ‘Buchanan has shown his usual foresight, for we have no hesitation in asserts ing that he could not have made choice of a better man, or one more fitted to discharge, with ability and impartiality, the duties of Secretary of the Department of War. Isaac To-ccet, of Connecticut, lately a Senator of the United States, and tho only member of] the present Cabinet, (save Gen. Cass,) who has ever before held a seat in that' of a former President's, having been for a short time the Attorney General of Mr. Polk. Mr. Toucey is a ripe lawyer, a sound states man, a gentleman of distinguished talents, and of high administrative capacities. We hail his appointment with satisfaction as Sec retary of the Navy. Selected from the North- East—uninfluenced by those associations, which, whether justly attributed or not, have always been said to exercise : an influence upon the Heads of this Department, coming from or connected with the seaboard, or its local interests, he will, without doubt, discharge the duties of his office with justice to all con cerned, administering the affairs of the Navy in such a manner as to excite the good will and opinion of the whole service, and reflect credit upon himself and the administration. Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi, Secretary of the Department of the Interior, is a gentle man in the full strength of life, who has been a member of Congress, at different times, but who has been in retirement since the passage of the Compromise measures, so called, of 1850, having been defeated by the secession ists./ He-4.8 a State’s Eights’ Democrat, so called, but; no favorite of that branch of the Southern politicians who favor disunion. He is intimately acquainted with the Land, In dian and other interests, which form the different Bureaux of the Interior Department —is laborious in business; and will perform the duties with satisfaction to all concerned. We expeot for him a successful administration of the important Department over which he has been placed, and feel we shall not be dis appointed in our expectations. : m i , A a Tiny Tenable Bbown, of Tennessee,. INAUGURATION OF JAMES BUCHANAN. Postmaster General, since leaving, the public , councils Governor that State, was known, Fl “ PKS.denUf_tlie United State*, during the period he served in Congress, as INAUGURAL ADDRESS the firm and devoted friend of Gen. Jackson, and the able and consistent advocate of Dem ocratic principles. A ready debater, on all subjects to which he gave his atttention, he was ever found ready when his party and friends.were attacked to defend them. Cour teous to all, he commanded the respect of his opponents, and retired to Tennessee from Congress to become the Governor of that State, possessing the good opinion of those with whom he had been associated. Untiring in his industry, and possessed of great busi ness capacity, he will, in the laborious De partment placed under his charge, do justice to the Government, as well as to the people, and add fresh honors to his name, and to the State he represents. Of our own distinguished jurist, who has been selected by the President as the confi dential and public legal adviser of himself and his Cabinet, Jeremiah Sullivan Black, Attorney General of the United States, it would appear superfluous to speak. He is so well known within the limits of Pennsylvania —indeed, we might add beyond them—that it would seem almost unnecessary to add a word of comment. Late Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, and now a member of that bench, he is famed for his high judicial character, and enjoys the respect and esteem of all parties within his native State. Although there are many distinguished men in Pennsylvania, from among whom President Buchanan might have selected a member of his Cabinet, we doubt much, and we say it without disparagement of others, whether, among them all, he could have chosen one whose appointment will give more general satisfaction. After thus briefly summing up the different members of the new Cabinet, we must con gratulate the new President on the happy selections he has made, and again further congratulate the country on the President’s being surrounded by so patriotic, wise, able and distinguished a body of Constitutional advisers. The State Convention. The Democratic State Convention met, in Harrisburg, on the 2d inst., and nominated Gen. William F. Packer, of Lycoming coun ty, for Governor, Hon. Ellis Lewis, of Phil adelphia, for Supreme Judge, and lion. Nim rod Strickland, of Chester county, for Canal Commissioner. The contest was quite an animated and close one, and the friends of the respective candidates—all of whom were able and worthy men—urged the claims of their favorites with great energy and zeal. But everything passed off with the most kindly feel ing, and now that the preliminary contest is ended, we have no doubt that the Democracy of the State will rally as one man to the hearty, zealous and vigorous support of the nominees. Gen. Packer has for some years past occu pied a very prominent position in Pennsylva nia, and been in the foremost rank of our lead ing men. Under Gov. Porter’s administration he was Auditor General of the State, and his career in the State Senate was unusually brilliant.’ His intellectual attainments are of a high order. He is one of the most skilful debaters in the State, and his long experience in its political affairs has enabled him to become fully informed in regard to all its varied interests. The management of the canvass could not have been entrusted to abler hands. On the stump he is fully able to cope with the best orators of the opposition, and after his election, he will make an admirable Governor ; for no man in the Commonwealth more thoroughly understands all her varied interests, and no one could display more en ergy, industry and patriotic zeal in promoting her welfare. Of Judge Lewis it is unnecessary to speak. The great learning and ability he has displayed on the Supreme Bench, has justly placed him in the front rank of American jurists, and his triumphant re-election is already a foregone conclusion. * Mr. Strickland is emphatically one of nature’s nobleman, an honest man. He is also highly intelligent and capable, and in him the people will have a faithful and trust-wor thy public Servant. * We shall speak more at length hereafter in regard to the merits and qualifications of ouj candidates. Senator Bigler. This gentleman has proven himself to be a representative in the United States Senate worthy the great State of Pennsylvania. He isjealous of her rights and a watchful guar dian of her interests. This was most conclu sively shown on Tuesday last, when a propo sition was made by Mr. Adams in the Senate to remit the duties upon the iron used on such railroads as would carry the mails for eight years, and which was further attempted to be amended by admitting Railroad Iron free.— Governor Bigler opposed both these proposi tions as fatal to the interests of Pennsylvania, and through his able and energetic efforts they were defeated. The great Keystone State may well felicitate herself upon having such a distinguished and influential Senator in the National Councils. Col. S. C. Stambaugh. . The hospitalities of this gentleman are pro verbial in Washington, and his rooms are constantly crowded with personal and political friends from morning till night. He is espe cially attentive to Pennsylvanians, and is at all times willing to go any length to minister to their pleasure and comfort. The Col. is a true friend of President Buchanan, and a whole-souled Democrat, who deserves, as we hope he may receive, some lucrative situation under the new administration. The Washington Union. This sterling Democratic organ has changed hands— Mr. Nicholson retiring, and Hon. John Appleton, of Maine, assuming the pro prietorship and editorship of the paper. Mr. Appleton is a ready and forcible writer, and we doiabt not the Union, under his auspices, will be an able and faithful exponent of the Democratic party. The paper is to be en larged and otherwise improved in appearance. BS&, Governor Bigler has presented to the U. S. Senate the Protest of the Democratic Senators and Representatives of the Pennsyl vania Legislature, against the proceedings under which Gen. Cameron claims his seat in the Senate. The question, it is supposed, will be decided this week. Present for Mr. Buchanan.— Mr. Wind ham Robertson, ex-AmericanjConsulat Triste, who arrived at New York on Saturday in the Edinburg, has brought with him a magnificent enameled gold chronometer watch, which has been made to the order of some Italian repub licans, for a present to President Buchanan. A Murderer Arrested. McKim, the supposed murderer of Nor cross, has been arrested in the mountains near Wilkesbarre. B®. We direot attention to the advertise ment of Jos. M. Phillips, m another column. The Mill property he offers for sale is a very desirable one, and offers great inducements to capitalists. PULL PARTICULARS OP THE DAT Washington, March 4tb, 1856. —A brighter day seldom dawned upon the Federal city than the 4th of March, 1857. which was to witness the retirement of Franklin Pierce and the accession of James Buchanan to the Presidency of the United States. The sun roee clear in an unclouded sky. The air was cool, without being uncomfortably coMf and those who remembered the chill atmdfpliere, the murky sky, and the Bnow storm that dis tinguished the Inauguration day of Franklin Pierce, could not fail to draw a favorable omen from the the pleasant contrast of this day. The city had been filling up with strangers from all parts of the Union for a week or two, and yesterday and this morning, many thou sands arrived by the trains and steamboats. Last night, there were thousands who en camped in parlors, dining-rooms, and other apartments, the sleeping rooms of the public and private houses being totally unequal to the accommodation of the vast multitude.— The event of the night was the Democratic Inauguration Ball, given by the Twelfth Ward-Demoeratic Association of Philadelphia. It took place at Carusi’s Saloon. The tickets were five dollars, and the proceeds were for the benefit of the poor of Washington City.— A large miscellaneous company was present, and the President and Vice President elect were present for a short tiqne, being received with acclamations on their arrival. There were in the course of the evening salutes fired, rockets discharged, and various other demon strations in view of the coming event. The city woke early this morning, being aroused by new Balutcs and the ringing of the bells. The streets were alive with moving multitudes. Pennsylvania Avenue presented a most animated appearance. Flags waved from all the hotels and public buildings, and from many private dwelling houses. The movement of military companies, preparing to take their place in the line of procession, gave a particularly lively character to the scene. Among the companies present were the fol lowing : The Lancaster Fencibles, Captain Duchman (the special escort from Wheatland); the City Guard; the Charlestown, Mass., City Guard ; the Auburn, N. Y., Willard Guard ; the Al bany, N. Y., Burgess Corps ; the Cumberland Continentals, Captain Thurston ; the Alle gheny Guards, Captain Schley; Richmond Montgomery Guards, Captain Moore; Rich mond Young Guard; the Alexandria Rifles, Captain Herbert; the Alexandria Mount Vernon Guards; the Portsmouth Rifles, Capt. Richardson ; the Baltimore Law Grays, Capt. Bowers; and the Baltimore German Rifles- There were also the following companies from Washington City: The National Guard, Capt. Tait; the National Grays, Captain Towers ; the Washington Yeagers, Capt. Sehyvarzman ; the Boon Rifles, Capt. Bright; the Montgom ery Guards, Captain Key; the Washington Light Infantry, Captain Davy ; the Washing ton Highlanders, Captain Watt; and the Union Guards, Lieut. Williams. Altogether, the volunteers in the city, taking part in the ceremonies, numbered not less than a thou sand, rank and file. There were also detachments of U. S. Light Artillery from Fort McHenry, and a corps of some three hundred U. S. Marines. They were all under the command of General John A. Quitman. The streets were further enlivened by the rapid movements of the Marshals and their deputies. These numbered altogether nearly two hundred men from all parts of the Union. The marshal-in-chief and aids were designated bj yellow scarfs, with white rosettes, and blue saddle cloths, with gilt edging. The mar shals were designated by blue scarfs and white rosettes, and blue saddle covers trimmed with blue. And they carried a baton two feet long, of blue color, with gilt ends about two inches deep. The assistant marshals wore pink scarfs with white rosettes, white saddle covers trimmed with pink. They also carried white batons two feet long, with ends two inches deep. The Fire Companies and the various politi cal and civic societies were also early in mo tion, preparing to take their places in the line of procession. Towards nine o’clock they and the military all began to form in procession on New York Avenue, the right, consisting of the military, resting on 15th street. This is close to the President’s House and the public De parments. There was necessarily a good deal of confusion and delay in forming into line ; but the procession got into motion about 12 o’clock and advanced down Pennsylvania Avenue. Its appearance, as a popular dem onstration, without the trapping and insignia of royalty, was very fine, and the masses of the people in the Avenue cheered frequently as it passed. On reaching the National Hotel there was a halt and after a short delay an elegant barodche, drawn by four horses, containing the President and President elect joined the procession immediately* in the rear of the military. The Vice President elect was also in an open carriage, with several other gentle men, and the two carriages were surrounded by the Keystone Club, preceeded by the mili tary and representation by a lady dressed as the Goddess of Liberty on a high platform drawn by six horses, followed by a miniature ship-of-war of considerable size, made by the mechanics of the Washington Navy Yard.— The crowd cheered tumultuously as the Pres ident elect appeared. The procession then moved on in the order agreed upon as follows: TUE ORDER OF FROCESSION. Aids. Marshal-in-Chief. Aids. The military under the command of General J. A. Quitman. A National Flag with appropriate emblems. The President of the United States, with the President elect and suite; with Marshals on the left; and the Marshal ot the United States for the District of Colum bia and his deputies on the right. A rigged ship—an emblem of duty and power. The Committee of Arrangments of the Senate. The Jackson Democratic Association. The Judiciary. The Clergy. Foreign Ministers. • The Corps Diplomatique. Members elect, members, and ex-members ol Congress, and ex members of the Cabinet. Governors and ex Governors of States and Territories, and members of the lature of the same. Officers of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and Militia. Officers and soldiers of the Revolution, of the war of 1812, and of subsequent periods. The Corporate Authorities pf Washington and Georgetown. Other political and military associations from the District and other parts. All organized civic societies. Professors, Schoolmasters and Students, with in the District of Columbia, citizens of the District, and of States and Territories. There were a number of fine military bands in the procession, including several from Phil adelphia, New York and Baltimore, which gave additional eclat to the scene. As the line moved towards the Capitol, the crowd, which was much more dense at this end of the avenue than at the other, repeatedly cheered the President and Vice President elect, and they bowed their acknowledgments on all sides! As the head of the column reached the north gate oT the Capitol which it did not do until about 1 o’clock, halted, and the military open ed ranks, facing inwards and presenting arms, forming what the French call a “ haie or a double line of soldiers, through which the carriage of the President and President elect drove to the gate. There they’alighted, and were received by the Committee of the Senate appointed for the purpose. There was an enclosed passage constructed thence, through which they were escorted to the north door of the Capitol, and then to the Vice President’s room. The Scene in the Senate Chamber. The most interesting scene, thoogh on a small scale, was that in the Senate Chamber. Owing to the small size of the apartment only a limited number of persons could he admitted; but these comprised all the chief dignitaries of the government. The semi-circular gallery was filled with ladies at an early hour, and members of the 34th and 35th Congresses were admitted to the Eastern lobby. The Diplo matic Corps were in full force, all the Ministers and Charges being in their full official costumes and looking quite resplendent along side of the republican black coats of the rest of the assemblage. They occupied a space set apart for them on the left of the principle entrance. On the other side the Heads of Departments, Governors of States and Territories, and some other privileged persons were accommodated. In front of the eastern lobby were the Chief niary profits and local advantages which Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme would result to different btates and sections Court,-in their official robes. Various distin-, from its dissolution, and of the comparative guished army and naval officers were also injuries which such an event would iuflict on present. In fropt of the Secretary's desk other states and sections, were chairs fur the President and President Eveu t descend,ng to this low and narrow , . view of the mighty question, all such calcu -6 mi* o i. , in , , , , lations are at fault—the bare reference to a The Senate met at 12 o clock. On the arv , , consideration will be conclusive on this nouncemen of the arrival of the President and » t We at nt enj a free trade President elect all rose to their feet. Ihe throughout onr and expanding President and President elect took the place : conntry snch a 9 tha world neV er witnessed, assigned to them, and in a few minutes, all Thia trade is conducted on railroads and being prepared, the venerable Roger B Taney, cana i Si on noble rivers and arms of the sea, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the ; which bind together the North and the South, United States, advanced with the Holy Bible i the East and the West of our confederacy.— in his hand. The President elect rose, and i Annihilate this trade, arrest its free progress then took the oath of office as follows: j by the geographical lines of jealons and hos- “ I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability pre serve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.” Those in the Senate Chamber then formed a line and proceeded to the eastern portico of the Capitol in the following order : The Marshal of the District of Columbia. Jhe .Supreme Court of the Uqited States. The Sergeant-at*Arms of the Senate. The Committee of Arrangements. The President of the Uuited States and the President elect. The Vice President and the Secretary of the Senate. The Members of the Senate. The Diplomatic Corps. Heads of Departments, Governors of States and Territories, the Mayors of Washington and Georgetown, and all other persons who had been admitted into the Senate Chamber. Scene in Front of the Capitol. There was probably never assembled in Washington so vast a multitude as that as sembled in front of the eastern portico of the Capitol. The procession that escorted the President and President elect had been ad mitted ; but all carriages and horses excluded from the enclosure. There was a couotless crowd of men, women and children occupying every foot of space that afforded an opportu nity of seeing the ceremony on the portico.— As for hearing the address, that was a favor only enjoyed by the privileged few thousands that could gather closely around the portico. There was a good deal of confusion and scuffle in the crowd, and many grew impatient, after waiting long hours, for the great event of the day. A very spacious platform was erected on the portico, on which places were assigned for all those who had been admttted to the Senate Chamber. A 1 last the proces sion emerged from the Capitol door and ap peared oq the platform. As the tall figure' of the President elect, clad in the famous black suit, with the thirty-one stars embroidered on its lining became visible, there rose a deafen ing shout from the vast human mass. It Bpvead over the whole multitude, and it was some time before it could be quieted. The President elect, with hat in hand, bowed re peatedly in acknowledgment of the popular acclamations. In the very front of the platform was a seat to which the President elect was conducted. In his rear were the President and Committee of Arrangements; back of them were the Chief Justice ;<nd Judges of the Supreme Court, the Vice President and the members of the Sen ate. Then came the Diplomatic Corps, en grand tenue, and then the other persons who had been in the Senate Chamber. When quiet was restored after the acclamations that greeted the President elect, he proceeded, at 1$ o’clock to deliver his Inaugural Address. Fellow Citizens: —l appear before you this day to take the solemn oath, “that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States.” In en tering upon this great office, I most humbly invoke the God of our fathers for wisdom and firmness to execute its high and responsible duties in such a manner as to restore har- mony and ancient friendship among the peo ple of the several States, and to preserve our free institutions throughout many genera Convinced that I owe my election to the inherent love for the Constitution and the Union, which still animates the hearts of the American people, let me earnestly ask their powerful support in sustaining all just mea sures calculated to perpetuate these, the richest political blessings which Heaven has ever bestowed upon any nation. Having determined not to become a candidate for re election, I shall have no motive to influence my conduct in administering the government, except the desire, ably and faithfully to serve my country, aDd to live in the grateful memory of my countrymen. We have re cently passed through a Presidential contest in which the passions of our fellow citizens were excited to the highest degree by ques tions of deep and vital importance. But when the people proclaimed their will, the tempest at once subsided, and all was calm. The voice of the majority, speaking in the man ner prescribed by the Constitution, was heard, and instant submission followed. Our own country coulu alone have exhibited so grand and striking a spectacle of the capacity of man for self government. What a happy conception, then, was it for Congress to apply this simple rule, “ that the will of the majo rity shall govern,” to the settlement of the question of domestic slavery in the territories. Congress is neither “to legislate slavery into any territory, nor to exclude it therefrom,” but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institu tions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United .States. As a natural consequence, Congress has also pre scribed that when the Territory of Kansas shall be admitted as a State it shall be re ceived into the Union with or without sla very, as their own Constitution may prescribe at the time of their admission. A different opinion has arisen in regard to the point of time when the people of a territory shall de cide the question for themselves. This is happily a matter of but little practical im portance ; besides, it is a judicial question, which legitimately belongs to the Supreme Court of the United States, before whom it is now pending, and will, it is understood, be speedily and finally settled. To their deci sion, in common with all good citizens, I shall cheerfully Bubmit, whatever that may be, though it has ever been my individual opinion that, under the Nebraska-Kansas act, the appropriate period will be when the num ber of aotual residents in the territory shall justify the formation of a constitution, with' a view to its admission as a State into the Union. Bat, be this as it may, it is the im perative and indispensable duty of the gov ernment of the United States to secure to every resident inhabitant the free and inde pendent expression of his opinion by his vote. This sacred right of each individual must be preserved. This being .accomplished, nothing can be fairer than to leave the people of a territory free from all foreign interference, to decide their own destiny for themselves, sub ject only to the Constitution of the United States. The whole territorial question being thus settled upon the principle of popular sovereignty —a principle as ancient as free government itself, everything of a practical nature has been decided. No other question remains for adjustment, because all agree that under the Constitution, slavery in the State is beyond the reach of any human power except that of the respective States themselves wherein it exists. May we not, then, hope that the loDg agitation on this subject is approaching its end, and that the geographical parties to which it has given birth —so much dreaded by the Father of his Country will speedily become extinct ? Most happy will it be for the country when the public mind shall be diverted from this question to others of more pressing and prac tical importance. Throughout the whole progress of this agitation, which has scarcely known any intermission for more than twen ty years, whilst it has been productive of no ; positive good to any human being, it has ■been a prolific source of great evils to the master, to the slave, and to the whole coun try. It has alienated and estranged the peo ple of sister States from each other, and has even seriously endangered the very exist ence of the Union. Nor has the danger yet entirely ceased. Under our system, there is a remedy for all mere political evils in the sound sense and sober judgment of the peo ple. Time is a great corrective. Political subjects which but a few years ago excited and exasperated the public mind, have pass ed away and are now nearly forgotten. But the question of domestic slavery is of far greater importance than of any mere politi cal question, because should the agitation continue, it may eventually endanger the personal safety of a large portion of our countrymen where the institution exists. In that event no form of government, however admirable in itself, however productive of material benefits, can compensate for the loss of peace and domestic security around the family altar. Let every Union loving man, therefore, exert his best influence to sup press this agitation, which since the recent legislation of Congress, is without any legiti mate object. It is an evil omen of the times that men have undertaken to calculate the mere material value of the Union, and that estimates have been presented of the peou tUe States, and yon destroy the prosperity and onward march of the whole and every part, and involve all in one common rain.— Bat snch considerations, important as they are in themselves, sink into insignificance whon we reflect on the terrific evils which would result from disunion to every portion of the confederacy. To the North not more than to the South—to the East not more than to the West. These I shall not attempt to portray, because I feel an humble confidence, that the kind Providence which inspired our fathers with wisdom to frame the most per fect form of government and union ever de vised by man, will not suffer it to perish, un til it shall have been peacefully instrumental, by its example, in the extension of civil and religious liberty throughout the world. Next in importance to the maintenance of the Constitution and the Union, is the duty of preserving the .government free from the taint or even the suspicion of corruption.— Public virtue is the vital spirit of republics ; and history proves that when this is decayed and the love of money has usurped its place, although the forms of the free government may remain for a season, the substance has departed forever. Our present financial condition is without a parallel in history. No nation has ever be fore been embarressed, from too large a sur plus in its treasury. This almost necessarily gives birth to extravagant legislation. It produces wild schemes of expenditures, and begets a race of speculators and jabbers whose ingenuity is exerted in contriving and pro moting expedients to obtain public money.— The purity of official agents, whether right fully or wrongfully, is suspected, and the character of the government suffers in the estimation of the people. This is in itself a very great evil. The natural relief from this embarrassment is to appropriate the surplus in the Treasury to great national objects, for which a clear warrant can be found in the Constitution. Amongst these I might mention the extinguishment of the public debt, a reasonable increase of the Na vy—which is at present inadequate to the - protection of our vast tonnage afloat, now greater than that of any other nation—as well as to the defence of our extensive sea coast. It is beyond all question the principle that no more revenue ought to be collected from the people than the amount necessary to de fray the expenses of a wise, economical and efficient administration of the goverment. — To reach this point, it was necessary to resort to a modification of the tariff, and this has, I trust, been accomplished in such a manner as to do as little injury as giay have been practicable to our domestic manufacturers, especially those necessary for the defence of the country. Any discrimination against a particular branch for the purpose of benefitt ing favored corporations, individuals or in terests, would have been unjust to the rest of the community, and inconsistent with that spirit of fairness and equality which ought to govern in the adjustment of a revenue tariff* /But the squandering of the public money sinks into comparitive 'insignificance, as a temptation to corruption, when compared with the squanderings of the public lands. No nation in the tide of time has ever been blessed with so rich and noble an inheritance as we enjoy in the Public Lands. In admin istering this important trust, whilst it may be wise to grant portions of them for the im provement of the remainder, yet we should never forget that it is our cardinal policy to preserve these lands, as much as may be, for actual settlers, and this at moderate prices. We shall thus not only best promote the prosperity of the new States and Territories, by furnishing them a hardy and independent race of honest and industrious citizens, but shall secure homes for our children and our children’s children, as well as for those ex iles from foreign shores who may seek in this country to improve their condition and to enjoy the blessings of civil and religious liberty. Such emigrants have done much to promote the growth and prosperity of the country. They have proved faithful both in peace and in war. £fter becoming citizens, they are entitled, under the Constitution and laws, to be placed on perfect equality with native born citizens ; and in this character they should ever be kindly recognized. The Federal Consititution is a grant from the States to Congress of certain specific powers, and the question whether this grant should be liberally or strictly construed, has more or less divided political parties from the be ginning. Without entering into the argu ment, 1 desire to state, at the commencement of my administration, that long experience and observation have convinced me that a strict construction of the powers of the gov ‘ ernment is the only true, as well as the only safe theory of the Consitution. Whenever, in our past history,'doubtful powers have been exercised by Congress, these have never fail ed to produce injurious and unhappy conse quences. Many such instances might be ad duced, if this were the proper occasion.— Neither is it necessary for the public service to strain the language of the Constitution, because all the great and useful powers re quired for a successful administration of the government, both in peace and in war, have been granted either in express terms or by the plainest implication. Whilst deeply convinced of these truths, I yet consider it clear, that under the war making power Con gress may appropriate money towards the construction of a military road, when this is absolutely necessary for the defence of any State or Territory of the Union against for eign invasion. Under the Constitution, Con gress has power “to declare war”—“to raise and support armies” —“to provide and main tain a navy,” and to call forth the militia to “repel invasion.” Thus endowed in an am ple manner with the war-making power, the corresponding duty is secured that “the Uni ted States shall protect each of them (the States) against invasion.” Now is it possible to afford this protection to California and our Pacific possessions, ex cept by means of a military road through the territories of the United States, over which men and munitions of may be speedily transported from the Atlantic States to meet and repel the invader. In the event of a war with a naval power much stronger than our own we should then have no other available ac cess to the Pacific coast because such a power would instantly close the route across the Isthmus of Central America. Itis impossible to conceive that whilst the Constitution has expressly required Congress to defend all the States, it should yet deny to them by any fair construction the only possible means by which one of these States can be defended. Beside, the government ever since it 3 origin, has been in the constant practice of construct ingrmilitary roads. It might also be wise to consider whetherthe love for the Union which now animates our fellow-citizens on the Pa cific coast may not be impaired by our neglect or refusal to provide for them, in their remote and isolated condition, the only means by which the power of the'States on this side of the Rocky Mountains can reach them in suffi cient time to protect them against invasion. I forbear for the present from expressing an opinion as to the wisest and most economi cal mode in which the government can lend its aid in accomplishing this great and neces sary work. I beleive that many of the diffi culties in the way which now appear formid able, will in a great degree vanish as soon as the nearest and best route shall have been satisfactorily ascertained. It may be right that on this occasion I should make some brief remarks in regard to our rights and du ties as a member of the great family of na tions. In our intercourse with them there are some plain principles approved by our experience, from which we should never de part. We ought to cultivate peace, bommeree, and friendship with all nations, and this, not merely as the best means of promoting our own material interests, but in a spirit of Christian benevolence towards fellow men wherever their lot may be cast. Our diplomacy should-be direct and frank —neither seeking to obtain more, nor acept ing less, than is our due. We ought to cherish a sacred regard for the independence of all nations, and never attempt to interfere in the domestic concerns of any, unless this • shall be imperatively required by the great law of self-preservation. To avoid entangling alliances has been a maxim of our policy ever since the days of Washington, and its wisdom no one will attempt to dispute.. In short, we ought to do justice in a kind ly spirit to all nations, and require justice from them in return. It is our glory that whilst other nations have extended their dominions by the sword, we have never acquired any'temtory except by purchase, or, as in the case of Texas, by the voluntary determination of a brave, kind red and independent people to blend their destinies with oar own. Even oar acquisi tions from Mexico form no exception. Un willing to take advantage of the fortnne of war against a sister republic, we purchased these possessions under the treaty of peace for a sum which was considered at the time a fair equivalent. Our past history forbids that we should in the future acquire territory, unless this be sanctioned by the laws of jus tice and honor. Acting on this principle, no nations will have a right to interfere or to complain, if in the progress of events we shall still farther extend our possessions, Hitherto, in all our acquisitions, the people under the protection of the American flag, have enjoyed civil and religious liberty, as well as equal and just laws, and have been contented, prosperous and happy. Their trade with the rest of the world has rapidly increased, and thus every commercial nation has shared largely in their successful progress. I shall now proceed to take the oath prescribed by the Constitution —whilst humbly invoking the blessings of Divine Providence on this great people JAMES BUCHANAN. At the close of the Address, the ex-Presi deut advanced and offered his congratulations to the President and he was followed by the other dignitaries. The crowd at the same time renewed their cheering, and the guns on Capitol Hill bellowed out the news that a new President had entered upon his term of office. The salute consisted of thirty-one guns—one for each State in the Union. The ceremony being concluded, the Presi dent returned to the Senate Chamber, and soon after resumed his seat in the carriage, and was conducted to the White House, the ex-President and others accompanying him. The military and a great portion of the civic prooession formed . again, to escort the Presi dent and those along with him to the Execu tive Mansion. Twenty-four military Companies, seven Clubs and Associations, and several Fire Com panies participated in the procession. The Vice President’s Address. Vice President Breckinridge, upon taking the Chair of the Senate, on the 4th inst., deliv ered the following Address : Senators —ln assuming the duties of this station, I am quite conscious that I bring to their discharge few other qualifications than a deep sense of the importance of this body in the scheme of the government and a feeling of respect for its members. In administering the rules which you have adopted for the convenience of your proceed ings, I shall often need your kind indulgence, and I anticipate with confidence your forbear ance towards the errors that spring from in experience. Cherishing the hope that our official and personal intercourse will be marked by mutual confidence and regard, I look- for ward with pleasure to our association irt the performance of public duties. It shall be my constant aim, gentlemen of the Senate, to exhibit at all times, and to every member of this body, the courtesy and impartiality which is due to the representa tives of equal States. TUe New Cabinet, We have heretofore referred at some length to five of the above gentlemen—Messrs. Cass, Cobb, Floyd, Thonipsonand Brown. Although general rumor had designated Mr. Brown for the Navy Department h*» has been made Postmaster General, and Mr. Touccy appoint ed to the former place. Mr. Toucey has long been known as one of the most influential, talented and .orthodox Democrats of New England. He was the lato representative of Connecticut in the United States Senate, and during his term endeared himself to tho pat riotic men of the country, by his stern resis tance to all the dogmas of Black Republican ism, and by the unflinching and undeviating consistency and ability which marked his en. tire Senatorial career. Mr. Toucey’s political life has been a long and an honorable one, and his appointment will be hailed with universal satisfaction. We have never had a political duty to per form which gave us more sincere and heartfelt gratification, than that which we feel in an nouncing the appointment of Hon. Jeremiah S. Black, as Attorney General. lie is one of the oldest, truest and best friends of Mr. Bu chanan, and his appointment will be hailed with joyous acclamations throughout the whole State. He may not be so well known to tho country at large as his merits deserve, but when it learns to appreciate him, the uni versal sentiment of approbation with which this admirable selection is received in Penn sylvania, will be shared by the whole nation. Judge Black is one of the greatest and best men of the country. With Buchanan as Pres ident and Black in the Cabinet, the Keystone State can proudly point to such representatives at the National Capital, as jewels of whom she is justly proud. Judge Black was born in Somerset county, Pennsylvania, in 1810, and is now in the vigor of life. In 1842 he was appointed President Judge of the Sixteenth Judicial District; in 1851 he was elected one of the five Judges of the Supreme Court of the State, and under the system of allotment, pre scribed by the Act of Assembly, he drew the short term and was made Chief Justice. In 1854 he was re-elected to the Supreme Bench. He has never held an office of a purely politi cal character, but has always been warmly and sincerely attached to the Democratic par ty, and for years past has been one of its brightest ornaments. As a lawyer, he stands in the front rank of his profession, and com mands the unbounded respect of its members. His literary attainments are of the very high est order. The death of Gen. Jackson, in 1845, inspired the whole Democratic party of j the nation with an earnest desire to do justice to his memory, and as the ablest members of 1 the party in all sections of the country were j called upon to pronounce eulogies upon his | life and character, no event ever elicited more \ fully and completely a display ot the talent ! and genius in the ranks of our organization. : Judge Black’s eulogy upon that occasion is ; universally conceded to have been vastly su- i perior to any of those pronounced. His eulo ! gy upon Judge Gibson, and his recent address : to a Literary Society upon religious freedom, , are, like his eulogy of Jackson, and his opin- : ions upon models of English com position, which place their author in the very highest rank of writers. In manner, Judge Black is plain, frank and artless—the very model of a Democratic statesman. The purity of his character, the inbred and incorruptible honesty of his nature, the soundness of his principles, the superior brilliancy and clear ness of his intellect, all stamp him with th& genuine attributes of true greatness. The nation could not have marshalled into her ser vice a nobler spirit, and we predietthat Judge Black will win in the national arena, that mastery over the minds and hearts of those with whom he comes in contact, which he r possesses over all by whom he is known ; and the responsible duties of Attorney General, will be discharged with a fidelity and ability unsurpassed by any of the distinguished men who have heretofore occupied that responsible position. Altogether, the Cabinet ie one of the best that has ever been framed. We most cordi ally endorse it in all its parts and as a whole. All its members have been noted for the puri ty of their lives, the soundness of their prin ciples, the integrity of their characters, and their intrinsic abilities. The anticipations which had been formed from Mr. Buchanan's superior judgment have been fully realized, and the new administration commences its career under the most auspicious circumstan ces.—Pennsylvanian. proposition to enlarge to a con siderable extent the Capitol grounds at "Wash ington, was agreed to by both Houses previous final adjournment. The new grounds will cover 73 acres, instead of 23, as at present. | CITY AND COUNTY AFFAIRS. Return of the Fencibles.— The Fencibles returned home on Thursday night, at 9 o’clock, from their . trip to Washington. There was a large crowd of their frauds and admirers At the Depot awaiting their arrival, and, on landing from the cars, they were greeted with three rousing cheers. They then marched to their Ar mory. at Fulton Hall, their band discoursing moat soul- Inspiring mosic. After a few remarks from Capt.DccßKAJt, and cheering him lustily, they “broke ranks.” The Fencibles are in raptures with their visit to the “city of magnificent distances,” ancholso at their reception in the different towns and cities through which they passed. [At Baltimore, however, they were grossly in sulted by some of the rowdies with which that city U Infested. The authorities, it would 6eem, have no control whatever over the lawless spirit manifested ; or, if they have, do not exercise it. So much for “Americans ruling America.”] At Washington they were the “observed of all observers,” and their gallaut commander, the veteran Duchman, was one of the “lions” of the day. There was not a company at the Inauguration which drilled, marched or looked better. Their excellent band also attracted ft great deal of attention. Long may tho Fencibles live to dream over the many pleasant incidents connected with their escort of the 15th President of the United States to the Capital. City Treasurer.— At a meeting of Coun cils, on Friday uigbt. Dr. Samuel Welches* was alocted City Treasurer and Receiver of Taxes. The Dr. is amply qualified to discharge the duties, and will make agourteou3 and efficient officer. The salary haa bocu increased to $6OO per aunum. At the same meeting the Intelligencer, Examiner, In land Daily, and' Lancaster Democrat (German.) were select id as the journals for publishing tho City Ordinances. Pocket Picked. —In the immense concourse of people at tht> Railroad Depot, on yesterday week, to wituess,the departure of Mr. Buchanan.them were,of course, some c>f the ’‘light-fingered gentry.” Our friend, Mr. Patrick McEvoy, was relieved of his pocket book, contain ing the sum of SSO in notes, and government bonds to tho amount of $l,OOO. Information was Immediately tele graphed to the proper officers to suspend payment on tho bonds and have the presenter arrested. Turnpike Election. —Tho following gen tlemeu were, on W ednesday lust, elected officers of tho Manor Turnpike Company President—Daniel Ilarman ; .Managers—Abraham Peters. Jucop Bausman. Jacob M. Kraut?.. Jacob K. Shenk. John Lintner, Samuel Bausuian ; Treasurer—George F. Breneman. Sheriff’s Sale.—The Sheriff sold at the Court House, on yesterday week, No. 1 Cotton Mill. It Was struck down at $.‘21,000 subject to mortgages uuu>uuting hi SH'iUHH). It is understood that the purchasers of the Mill are the former stockholders who intend to resume operations without delay. The Lancaster Bank Assets. —Wo hear ofsovoral instances, says the Daily b.vrtung whore the assets of the Lancaster Bank will fail short of the appraisement, not ou account of the Insolvency of tho debtors, but because of tin* ueglect. ou tho part of the Bank, to exhibit a fair statement of certain accounts. — This would appear to be tho c:»e with the claims put down against Dr. .1 H. Kurt?, who furnishes us with the follow- statement of tacts Gentlemen: The *4uoo bond has been paid iti full, and is no longer in in., bank—s3.;>o:i bad been paid ou it at tho time the aj-| r.-d--munt was mad*: but front some over sight, the appr i ik.-i i never observed that tact. The S4JS in which >b-ri!T Li e is drawer, and 1 represenled us en dorser. and not carried out as collectable. I am ti<>t legally bound tor. 1 Lad endoiacd a note for that amount, but the bank ne'er protested if at maturity, nor was it ever preseiited to in- f r r>>l loot ion: ai.-d. therefore, I think It is wrong To (Teat- an impression that i« calculated to injure m> credit, when m-bolv will tie benefited by it. All I owe i-i the Lancaster Bank is >• ss. ard that is u joint debt of 1 h-.pe that those editnis who published the appraise ment ■ f the bank, w ill have tho Kindness t ( - give the ahovo ■in in-.rti.iti KespectfuMy, J. 11. KfiiTl. Jurors.—Tht> following < 1 rand and Petit Juror# ha'e been ilnwii t<< s-rve at (lie April Term of tho Quarter Sari.-iotis’ Court, enimm-ij.’ing April ’JO, IS;>7 : Gr..\.\n Jpio'Hs.—Fatn’t Allis-.u. Martic; A. N. Brom-inan, I'itM Ib'iij. Baxd'irf. I’enn; Jacob Buch, Warwick; David Bunting. rib-rain; Henry Br-n<-man, Columbia; Robert Bur-k. T'pper Leacock; Ad-.m S. Dietrich, Manor; Uriah Eck-rt, Paradise; Benjamin Gi.ekl *y, West Cocalico; John Hamaktr. West Donegal; David 1 |eim, Strasburg, ChristiaU Hoover. Strasburg; Jo.-eph S l.cft-v.-r. Paradise; Christian Lichtv. Onrtrvuti: John Miller, l.eacoclt; William M'Dan nel, Mount Joy: John C. Smith. Providence; John B. Shelly, Mount Joy; Jh;o1. Seitz, Manor; Abraham Smoker, Karl; Benjamin * Winner. East Earl: Adam Von Neida, East Cocalico. Petit .Tenons.—Daniel A.tick. City; Thomas Amboor, Martic: Kinzer D. Bender, Upper loiacock, Charles Bander, Manor: Him edict Bucher. East t‘oealico; Jacob Bucher, jr.. West Earl; Joseph Boyer. Mount Joy; John W. Bm-kwaltur, Upper Leacock: Peter Beam. Leacock; Enos Conrad. East Lampeter; Abraham EriMiian, Kaplm; Abraham Erhart, Hapho; James Evilham, .Salisbury; John W. Findley, Ful ton: John Friday, West Donegal; John Frecht, East Co calico; Henry S. Fry, Columbia; Samuel Ileus, Pequea; William IlayuH. Coloraiu; Johu llaverstlek, Lancaster; Ileury C. Herr. Manor; Johu Hostetter, Penn: John Jones, Sadsbiiry; Christian M. Kndder, West Uemplield; Martin Kling, West Donegal; Charles Kelly, Marietta; George Kreider, Providence; David P. Loeher, City; Jacob 11. Lan dis, Manor; Junius P. Marshall, Sadshury; Henry Musser, Earl; Park Mason, .Manor: William M. Noble, Sadshury; Janies A. Patterson, Rapho; Robert Patterson, L. Britain; Ambrose Pownall, Salisbury; William Phillips, Colerain; Eli Rutter, Salisbury: John K. Smith. West HetnplU-ld; Henry Seymour, West Hempfield; Frederick Setier, City; Jacob Steiner, Washington Bor.; Christian Warfel, Conrn togn: John S. Wallace, East. Earl; Sam’i A. Worth, Colerain; Day Wood. Fulton; Frederick Zitzman, Warwick. A Fine lleifer. —The heifer which wo made mention of somo two ur tlirco weeks since, as having been purchased by Mr. David Killingcr, of this city, from Mr. Charles Smith, of West fyillowfield twp., Chester co.. was slaughtered ou Friday last. Its weight was 1068 Ibk. . The Democrats of Earl Rejoicing. —Tho following communication is from an attentive correspond ent at New Holland : New Holland. March 4,1850. Messrs. Editors:—The Democrats of Earl assembled in the Town Hall, in this village, this evening, for the purpose af celebrating the Inauguration of James Buchanan. Tho meeting was very respectable In character and numbers, and organized by choosing Isaac iloll, President, Lewis Dilier, Wm. U. Custer, Wendel Ifoll and Benjamin Davis, Vice Presidents, and John 11. Hull, Secretary. The utmost good foeling peruadod tho assemblage, and many were the mutual congratulations made *hat this day witnessed the crowning success of the great National Democratic party, —the Inauguration of a Laucaster County President.—and that for four years more, at all events, tho country would be safe, and our glorious Union would re main one and inseparable. _ , W. Seeger Darrow delivered ft most eloquent and pleasing congratulatory address. Hu was listened to with deserved and marked attention, and loudly and frequently ap plauded. The New Holland Brass Band was present, and discoursed most excellent music. Though but recently organized, this Baud may safely challenge competition withany other in our county. Too much credit cannot bo accorded Mr. C. Ilepting. of Lancaster, whoso success as n teacher of music, in this instance, has surpassed, by far, oil reasouahlo expeetations. An ample and varied supply of refreshments was on hand, available at a.l times, atid were partaken of by tha numbers assembled with right good cheer. After the per formance of several National airs by the Band, the crowd dispersed with repeated cheers for Buchanan and Breckin ridge, and the success of the now administration. 11. Neglected Cougiis and Colds.—These in sidious and troublesome complaints are almost snre topavo the way for more formidable lung diseases, which, iftreatod In time, could bo easily cored by a few spoonsful of that now popular and useful medicine, called “Pectoral Syrup,” prepared by Dr. Geo. 11. Keyser, Wholesale Druggist, of 140 Wood street, Pittsburgh, Pa. You can buy It at Ilclnitsh's. 13 East King street. The Inaugural Address. The inaugural address of President Buch anan is a noble, straight-forward, statesman like paper —in manner and matter a worthy sequence to the admirable letter, in which, as a candidate, he accepted the nomination of the Cincinnati Convention. Though that letter was addressed to a party, yet its high tone» its wise words, and its comprehensive and conservative views, commanded the most vorable judgment of the entire nation. The same unlimited approval may be justly and confidently predicted for his Inaugural.— Though this is addressed to the Nation, yet the Democratic party that called Mr. Buch anan to the Chief Magistracy, will see the fun damentals of their good and glorious old cause pervading every sentence. The Boston iW, .one of the ablest of all the New England Democratic journals, thus speaks of this masterly production of our new President:— There is nothing non-committal in.this ad dress. It is clear, decided, bold and direct.— It reiterates the views expressed in the letter of acceptance, as to the bane of slavery agita tion, as to the disunion tendencies of section alism, and regards the great doctrine of popular sovereignty as settling the question that has so long convulsed the country. The pledge is given that the people of a Territory, like the people of a State, shall be protected in the exercise of their rights, against all out side interference. The'tone of the address, on this great and vital subject is calm and con ciliatory, but of great firmness, arid will com mand the enthusiastic endorsement of the democratic party. The portion of the address relating to our foreign policy is brief and conciliatory, but bold and decided. It is happily worded to win the confidence of the community.' While the progress of events may necessitate a fur ther extension" of our territory, yot our whole history forbids that wo should do this at ths expense of national dishonor. This noble Inaugural will speak for itself to the intelligence and the of the American people. It is conservative so far it relates to great principles and rights; it is progressive so far as it respects the extension of American ideas and power by the laws of justice and honor. It is pre eminently a Union and & National address.— As such it constitutes a platform on tfhich ’defenders of the constitution and of the prin ciples of civil and religious liberty, and of this Union may rally, and thus save our noblo institutions from the baneful influences of ' religious intolerance and geographical parties.
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