Intelligencer & loumctl. GEO. SANDERSON, EDITOR. Lancaster, Janaary 29,1850* The Democrats of the City ot Lancaster WlLL'meet on THURSDAY EVENING, January 31, at 7 o’clock in the Court House,' forthe purpose of settling candidates for Mayor, Assessor and High Constable, to be supported at the ensuing city elec* tion, on Tuesday February sth. . By Order of the Committee. ID* Our Democratic friends of the city will bear in mind the meeting to he held in the Court House, on Thursday evening, for the purpose of placing in nomination candidates for Mayor, Assessor and High Constable. We hope there will be a gen eral turn out of the Democracy, and that such a ticket will be placed in the field as will triumph over all opposition and be elected by an old-fash; ioned majority. All our Democratic friends have to do, is to adhere closely to the general and ward, nominations of the party, to turn out o to the polls in their strength, to be zealous and active, and suc cess must crown their efforts. Any other course is always attended with danger. The following are the proceedings of the different ward meetings held on Saturday evening last: S. E. Ward Meeting. The Democrats of the S. E. Ward.met at Henry Nauman’s, on Saturday evening last, and placed in nomination for Alderman, John C. Van Camp and William White. After balloting, J. C. Van Camp, Esq-, was duly nominated. * The following delegates were then appointed to represent the Ward in the City Convention, viz: — Frederick Miller, J. M. Westheffer, John Yeagley, Jacob Gumpf and Henry Gorrecht. Signed JAMES SLAUGHTER, Pres’t, Peter Rinehart, V. Pres’t, J. M. Westheffer, ) c , Daniel Lagen, - \ s ' W. Ward Meeting. At a meeting of the Democratic citizens of the N. W. Ward, held pursuant to a call of the Com* mittee, Dr. H. E. MUHLENBERG was called to the Chair, and Messrs. C. Zecher and J. Reese appointed Vice Presidents, and W. B. Wiley , Sec’y. The object of the meeting having been stated, Michael Carpenter and George Musser, Esqs., were- ncminated as candidates for Aldermen of the ward by acclamation A The following named gentlemen were elected to represent the ward in the Democratic City Con vention* to nominate officers to be supported at the ensuing city election:—Adam Dellet, J. W. Jack son, Frederick Sener, Jacob Reese and Sebastian G. Musser. [Signed by the officers.] IV. E, Ward Meeting. At a meeting of the Democratic citizens of the N. E. Ward, held at the.house of Owen Hopple, on Saturday evening last, JOHN ZIMMERMAN, Esq. was called to the Chair, and Edward M. Kline, Esq., appointed Secretary. The object of the meeting having been stated by the Chairman, on motion, the meeting proceeded to the nomination of Alderman for the N. E. Ward, when Benjamin D. Gill was unanimously nomi nated for said office! The meeting then proceeded to the election of delegates to the City Convention, when John Zim merman, James Boone, Jacob Zecher, Hiram B. Swarr and Edward Champnfeys were duly elected On motion, it was Resolved , That the delegates representing the N. E. Ward, be, and are hereby instructed, to vote for no peison for Select or Common Council, who is not opposed to the purchase of any property, for the purpose of enlarging the present Market place. JOHN ZIMMERMAN, Chn. Ed. M. Kline, Sec y. t S. “W. Ward Meeting. At a very large and enthusiastic meeting of the Democracy of the S. W. Ward of the City of Lan caster, on Saturday evening last, at the public house of Philip Fitzpatrick, lor the nomination of an Al derman to be voted for by the party in the ward at the municipal election on Tuesday, sth proximo, and the election of five delegates to represent the Ward in the general City Convention, for the set tlement of members of Councils, &c., on motion, Mr. .GEORGE A. WEAVER was called to the Chair, Mes-rs. Jacob Winouh, John Dehuff, Is rael Kautz and George Waltz were chosen Vice Presidents, James C. Carpenter and Captain George Heitzelbarger Secretaries. Mr. Jacob F. Kautz was unanimously setttled as the candidate for Alderman, and James C. Car penter, Henry Shaum, Dr. George B. Kerfoot, Capt. Heitzelbarger and Jacob Christ were chosen dele gates, with power to fill any occurring vacancy in their body. [Signed by the officers.] Decision of Judge Lewis. We copy from the York Gazette , a portion of the very able opinion delivered by Judge Lewis, at York, on the 14th inst., in a case involving the le gality of a will made on the Sabbath day. We have inserted it on our first page, and invite a care ful perusal. It is replete with sound morality and elaborate investigation, and does great credit to the head and heart of our distinguished townsman. A Message from tlie President. On the first page we publish the Message from General Taylor, in reply to a resolution of the House of Representatives, asking for certain infor mation in regard to California and New Mexico ; and making inquiry about the mission of T. But xer King and other whig politicians, sent out at the public expense, during the recess of Congress, to control affairs in California so as to make it a Whig State. Mr. King's mission is acknowledged; but the attempt is made to throw dust in the eyes of the people, by saying that he and “ certain offi cers” were sent out merely as bearers of despatches to California and New Mexico. The intelligent reader will know how to take this part of the Message. There is one thing in the Message, however, that seems to come up to the mark—and that is the doctrine of non-intervention in regard to the new territories; in other words, the President bold ly takes ground against Congressional action on the subject of slavery—the very position taken by the Democratic party, and so vehemently assailed by the Whig press aud orators of the North. How the Whigs of the non-slaveholding States c will relish the doctrines advanced by-Gen. Taylor remains to be seen. There will doubtless be exciting scenes in Congress before long. - ID* Gen. Houston, of the U. S. Senate, will ac cept our thanks for a copy of the able and eloquent speech of Gen. Foote, on the resolution to suspend Diplomatic Relations with Austria. Bold, impetu ous and uncompromising in his denunciations of Whiggery, Gen. F. bids fair at no very distant day to occupy a position in the front rank of republican statesmen: CD* Thanks to Messrs. Meek and Church of the Houpe, for public documents. CD* The Democratic Statd Central Committee will meet >j Harrisburg today, for the purpose of fixing a time v.A p!ace for the assembling of the next fcf&se Co*7*-rrV/n > t/£ nominate a candidate for Canal Philadelphia 44^«rtMements. We direct public altwjw; V, ih*. « Wholesale Tin Ware Manufactory ,” of Mtiu/tr h. ¥ont), No. 291, Market Street—also, to the “ Philadelphia and Liv erpool Line of Packets,” which sail regularly onco a month throughout the year from one city to the other. See advertisements.; ID* Hon. James Buchanan is now on a visit to Washington City. The Past and the Present. With this number commences the fifty-first vol ume of the “Intelligencer;” and now that it has weathered out the storms of half a century, and, through sunshine and clouds, has ever been the ad vocate of democratic men and democratic measures, it may be profitable to take a retrospective glance at the past, and note some of the important events that have.taken place since the fearless Dickson first launched his bark upon the political tide. Fifty years! What changes have taken place since the advent of the century? The “Intelligencer.” started into existence during the memorable “Reign of Terror” under the elder Ad ams, and lent its assistance in hurling that admin istration from power and placing Thomas Jeffer son, the great father of Democracy, in the chair of State. It supported the. administration of Mr. Midtson and the second war of Independence with Great Britain—and has stood by the successive democratic administrations of Monroe, Jackson, Van Buren and Polk— a period of forty years in the history of the government In the fifty years that have passed away, what rapid strides have been made by our country in its onward march to greatness and to glory 1 A half a century ago, and we were comparatively a feeble nation, just emerged from the colonial state, and had but commenced the experiment of governing ourselves. Since then we have maintained our national prowess in two bloody wars, in which the superiority of our arms were abundantly manifested —have quadrupled our population—have bound the different States together by thousands of miles of railroads and canals, by telegraphic and other methods of international communication—and now stand prominently forward as one of the greatest nations of ancient or modem times. Fifty years ago, and the great valley of the Mississippi which now numbers its millions'of energetic and industri ous citizens, and has its broa'd surface dotted over with thriving towns and splendid cities, was a dark, interminable wilderness, the death-like silence only broken by the occasional howl of the wild beast or the war whoop of the savage. Fifty years ago, and that vast chain or belt, called the Rocky Moun tains, was scarcely known to have an existence— or if known at all to any, was looked upon as very far beyond the verge of civilization, and as being for ages out of the reach of the descendants of the pilgrim fathers. Now, caravans and companies of hardy emigrants are almost daily traversing its gorges and scaling its summits on their way to the regions beyond, and the time is near at hand, when Senators and Representatives from States bordering on the great Pacific ocean will make their voices be heard in the-halls’of Congress, at Washington. From a confederacy of fifteen States we have now thirty sovereignties sheltered and protected by the broad ®gis of the Constitution, and twenty-four millions ol freemen look upon the star-spangled banner as the proud emblem of their country's glory and triumph on the sea and on the land. Such is the proud position our country occupies, now that fifty years have elapsed in the career of the “Intelligencer.” What this nation will be fifty years hence, should, it continue united and prosperous, no human mind can conceive. We leave our readers to carry out the chain of reflec tion which this thought gives rise to—and drop the subject by assuring them that we shall spare no pains to make the old “Intelligencer” a welcome visitor to every Democratic fireside in Lancaster county, and a faithful exponent of Democratic prin ciples. To make the paper still more interesting, and extend its influence, we solicit the aid of our friends in increasing its circulation. If each sub scriber will take the trouble, we have no doubt he can obtain an additional name, and thus double our list ih a short time. Will our Democratic friends try what they can do in this way ? We shall be under lasting obligations to them if they will make the effort. Common School Convention. The proceedings of the State Educational Con vention which met at Harrisburg week before last, are too lengthy to publish in full. We make the following synopsis, which embraces the principal changes in the Common School System recom mended by the Convention: Ist. That a department of education be estab lished, the head of which shall devote himself ex clusively to this important" subject, visiting the various School Districts occasionally, by way of stimulating those in charge of them to greater ex ertions in the cause of education. 2d. That a State Common School Journal be established, as a means of communication between the department and the schools, school directors and teachers. 3d. That two Normal Schools be established for the preparation of teachers to impart knowledge to the youth of the Commonwealth, in the most improved manner. 4th. That it be recommended to the various school districts to form associations of directors and teachers, for the purpose of meeting and con sulting in regard to the best means of imparting instruction and advancing the cause of education. sth. That it be recommended to the different districts to appoint county superintendents. 6th. That a uniformity of school books be rec ommended in the different counties. The Harrisburg Union, in recommending these amendments to the favorable consideration of the Legislature, says: “It was acknowledged by every one in the Convention, that our School System was not inferior to that of any other State in the Union, and all that was wanting was to give it efficiency, and carry it out according to the design of its foun ders, with such improvements as were suggested by the experience of the age. The addresses de livered by Hon. Joel B. Sutherland, Wm. D. Kelly, Hon. James M. Porter, President of the Convention, Edward A. Penniman, Esq. of Philadelphia, Mr. McCartney, of Easton, Prof. Hamilton, of Carlisle, and other gentlemen, were calculated to awaken a spirit of inquiry on this vital question, which must lead to the most beneficial results.” The Balance of Trade. Among the arguments, or rather the assertions, of those who endorse the theory of the Secretary of the Treasury, in favor of a high restrictive tariff, on imports, is that which constantly proclaims that we import enormously more than we export; that the balance of trade is against us to an alarming extent; and that there is, therefore, a constant drain upon us, carrying the precious metals out of the country. Our general readers will be surprised to learn, that this theory is disproved by the figures of the Treasury Department itself. From the Official Report of the Register of the Treasury, recently laid before the Senate, it appears that during the year, ending. June 30, 1849, the value of imports was .$147,000,000, (omitting fractions,) and the value of exports was $145,000,000, making but the slight difference of two millions between the exports and imports. When it is considered that these values are, to a certain extent, approximate and arbitary, and are not based on the actual selling price at home or abroad, it may be fairly assumed that our ex ports and imports are about equal. So much for theory aginst facts and figures'? There is anothet feature in the Official Report, jvhich deserves notice. Of the 145,000,000 of our exports, no less than 111,000,000 consisted of our agricultural produc iions! Thig exemplifies the preponderance of the industrial interest of the farmer and planter, unas sisted by the adventitious aid of a tariff in their fa vor, Then, why is this overwhelmingly great in terest to be taxed , not to compensate, but to enrich a minor one, by aid of a tariff! This is a general view, from the truth of which it is impossible to escape.— Pennsylvanian. State Treasurer. At the election on the 21st inst, the vote stood] for Bickel, (Dem.) 74— 8a11, (Whig) 50. Gen. Bickel, we understand, has tendered the post oi Chief Clerk to Col. Asa Dittoes, of Susquehanna, who held the appointment under Snowden and ?lumsr. He is a very worthy and competent man 1 Report of the Superintendent of 1 Common Schools. The 16th Annual Report of the Snperintendent of the Common Schools of Pennsylvania, ha* been made to the Legislature. It discusses at length the.imperfections, of the present system, and rag-; gests various important modifications and amend ments, with a view of remedying the defects and imparting to the system greater usefulness. The evils complained of are— N * Ist. The imperfect state of the Reports to the School Deparment, which prevents a fair statement being made to the Legislature. 2d. Frauds on the Department, by which the State ; appropriation is .drawn without the neces sary tax being collected. 3d. Incapacity of teachers. 4th. An improper selection of.books. sth. The want of a direct and intelligible com munication between the Directors and Superin tendent. 6th. Want of funds. To remedy these defects, which have led to in terminable complaints, the power of the Legislature is invoked,* and among other things recommended is the vesting in some person or body the power ol appointing county superintendents, who should be active and zealous friends of liberal'education, hav ing a knowledge of. the qualifications proper for a teacher, the best mode of instruction, and of the books suitable for schools. It is proposed that these should exercise a general supervision over the schools of their respective counties, with power to examine teachers, select books best suited for the schools, &c., and also to make out clear and explicit statements of the number of schools, schol ars, teachers, and the amount of moneys expended for the use of the department. These reports are now so imperfect as to be almost useless, and it is alleged furnish no true view of the operations of the system; while in many districts the grossest frauds are practised on the treasury by the direc tors levying a tax sufficient to entitle them to their share of the State appropriation, after receiving which they recall their warrants from the collec tors and support, for a short period, the schools of the district on the bounty of the State. The re tufhs of the time during which the schools are open, and the expenditures, are equally fraudulent; for the money of the State having been pocketed, the fraud is continued for its own concealment. But aside from this, many of the reports are made in such a manner as to be utterly unintelligible, and the fact of the incompetency of directors is strik ingly apparent. 1 The subject of establishing Normal Schools is the next ,in importance, and it is proposed to estab lish with and emanatiug from them a Central High School, receiving its pupils entirely from Normal Schools, who should be selected for their talents, learning and virtues. The only objection to this is deemed a want of funds, but even this, in the opin ion of the superintendent, should not be suffered to outweigh it. The school taxes collected the last year amounted to $436,135 81, and the State appro priation to $182,883 55, making the total amount expended for school purposes $619,019 36, with which amount the schools were, kept open an aver age period of four months. With the auxiliaries of county superintendents, Normal Schools, and a Central High School, the expenditures would be increased at least two fold, which added to the cost of maintaining the schools for the entire year, the disbursements would reach $1,250,000, which it is proposed to raise by a tax on lineal inheritances, instead of the present mode, and for these reasons : Ist. It would not be oppressive on the citizens. 2d. The per centage imposed on collateral inher itances is partial, and hence unjust. 3d. The present school tax is at variance with the system, is partial in its operations, and^oppres sive on large portions of tne community. These positions are argued at considerable length, in contrast with the present operation of the school law. The report proposes, in fact a radical change in the system, which will more evenly distribute the burdens of the support of the schools, and adapt them to the requirements of the people. In many counties, it is suggested, the schools might be kept open throughout the entire year, but as such could not be the case in others, the ratio for each taxable inhabitant, while it should be equal in every part ol the State, should be graduated according to the time the schools are kept-open. The appropriation now' made by the State is re garded by the superintendent as literally squandered, and in his view, should the foregoing recommenda tions be approved by the Legislature, might be transferred to the sinking fund, to aid in the extin guishment ol the public debt. —Daily News. Messrs. Editors: —A few of the most vulgar of the Locofoco scribblers have seized upon a typo graphical error that appeared in the printing of the President’s message, and although they know that the sentence was not written by him, they still choose to call it his. If any of these men can bor row a Bible, as we hardly suppose they own one, and refer to the fifth chapter and 12th'verse of the Acts of the Apostles, they will find the following words, being very like what they attribute to Gen. Taylor: “ And by the hands of the Apostles were many signs and wonders wrought among the people, and they were all with one accord in Solomon’s porch; and of the rest durst no man join himself to them.” The doctrines of the Bible are perhaps quite as unpalatable to them as those of General Taylor. The above, which we clip from the North Amer ican of Tuesday last, is one of the most ridiculous attempts to bolster up the literary character of the President that we have ever read. A typographical error, forsooth! Well, in all our experience with typos, we never yet knew one of them to perpetrate such a blunder, or m*re properly, bull, as is con* tained in that part of the Message, which says— “we are at peace with all the world, and seek to maintain our cherished relations of amity with THE REST OF MANKIND.” No, no—it wont do to attempt to evade the well merited ridicule of the Democratic press, by laying the blame on the Com positor. Even, suppose the blunder had been made by him, we would ask who read the proof? The Message was doubtless seen and scanned by the Cabinet, and during the three weeks that intervened between the meeting of Congress and its delivery, ample time was afforded to read it over and over again, and correct any errors that might have crept into the document Of course we do not throw any blame upon Gen. TAxlor; for it is admited in the above extract that the message “was not written by himf and we doubt very much whether he even read it until after it was printed. But, the most amusing- thing of all, is the quota tion from the Scriptures, to justify the blunder made by the writer of the message. The term ‘'rest” in the text, we should hardly think means “ the rest of mankind,” and if the biblical critic of the North American will take the trouble to consult some of the most eminent commentators and writers, such for instance as Scott, Clarke, Lightfoot and Calmet, he will find that not only does the word not bear t he application he gives it, but that the phrase “of the rest,” by supplying the ellipsis, make good sense, which is far from being the case with the blunder in the President’s Message. It would be much more to the credit of the North American, and vastly better for the Whig party, to at once acknowledge that the writer of the Message perpetrated the blunder—rather than rendering it self ridiculous in a vain attempt to make intelligent people believe it was a typographical error. The fling at the Democrats about not owning a Bible, is in as bad taste, and couched in as ungentlemanly language, as it is false and unfounded in point of fact. We marvel that a paper professing any regard whatever to decency and truth, would give place to such a vile attack upon a party numbering in its ranks a majority of the people and some' of the best and most distinguished men in this or any other country. ID* The bill for the better regulation of the Com mon Schools in this City, has passed both branches of the Legislature and bepn signed by the Governor. We shall publish it as soon as we can obtain, a copy* The Territorial 810. The Washington Union of the 13th inst, pub lishes Senator Foote’s Bill to provide for cthe or ganization of the territorial government of Califor nia, Deseret and New Mexico; aid to enable the people of Jacinto, with the consent of: the State of Texas, to form a Constitution and State government and for the admission of such State into the-Union upon an equal footing with the original States in all respects whatsoever. The bill contains fifty eight sections, eighteen of which 'are devoted to California, and the rest to New Mexico, Deseret, and Jacinto. The territory proposed for Jacinto: includes the disputed territory between the State of Texas and the Kepublic of Mexico, or that barren country lying west of the Nueces and east of the Rio del Norte. This disputed country contains 100,000 square miles, or about one-fourth of die whole territory proposed for the State. * The entire region lies south of the points 36 deg. 30 min-, and connects the territory of New Mexico with that of Texas, as Deseret connects New Mexico with Cal ifornia. The geographical position of each division may be described as follows: North ol South of Total. S6d. 30min. 36d. 30m. California) 125,000 sq. m. 50,000 Bq. m. 175,000 Deseret, 175,000 do. 50,000 do. 225,000 New Mexico, 30,000 do. 40,000 do. 70,000 Jacinto, 100,000 do. 100,000 Total, 330,000 2*0,000 570,000 From the above table it will be perceived, that considerably more than one-half of the territory acquired from Mexico is north of 36 deg. 30 min., the far-famed Missouri Compromise line, which, if it were adopted as the basis of a settlement of the present exciting question of the day, would in the end give a preponderance to the Free States of the Union, even leaving out of questionable fact that the people of California have already, by their soi emn act in Convention, excluded slavery from the entire territory.—By that decision the relative pro portion of free to slave territory is leit as 2 to 1, separa tingitbytheMissouri Compromiseliue. According to which enactment, all north ot the line would be forever free territory, whilst all south of it would be slave or free territory, as the people might de cide. But, even this view of the case gives the slave-holding interest more than it can receive; for, in no event, is it all probable that any portion of Deseret will ever become slave territory. Take, then, that portion of it lying south of the Missouri Compromise line and add it to the northern portion, and we have a territory (out of which a number of free States will hereafter be formed,) of 400,000 sq. miles; whilst, on the other hand, giving them the whole of New Mexico, (which is doubtful,) and Jacinto to boot, the slave territory will only num ber 170,000 sq. miles. We present this view of the subject, so that our readers can perceive at a glance the true state of the question which is now agitating the country and producing ill feeling and discord in the halls of Congress. Were this line adopted, we should have to a certainty at least four free States whilst, on the other hand, not more than two slave States could be formed, and they only with the approbation and consent ol the citizens of the territory. Gen. Cass 9 Great Speech. The speech of Gen Cass in the Senate upon the power of Congress to legislate for the Territories, and against the Wilmot Proviso, is one of the most clear and statesman-like arguments that has ever been delivered in that body, and our only regret is that its almost interminable length precludes its in sertion in our columns. He argued against the right of Congress to legislate on the subject—and intimated his intention to resign his seat in that body sooner than vote for the Proviso under the in structions of the Michigan Legislature. The speech occupied the greater part of two days in the deliv ery, and was listened to with the most profound attention. i Legislative News. The bill amending the Constitution, so as to make the Judges elective by the people, passed the Senate on Wednesday last, by a vote of 28 to 3- The Governor has nominated W. B. McClure, Esq, of Pittsburg, to be President Judge of the Al legheny District, in place of Judge Patton whose, commission - has expired. A bill has been read in the Senate, by Mr. Frai. ley, erecting parts of Lancaster, Lebanon and .Dau phin counties into a new county, to be called Con ewaga. The following resolutions have bassed the Senate • Resolved , That the Committee on Finance be in structed to inquire into the expediency of repealing the law authorizing a tax on the funded debt of the Commonwealth. Resolved, That the same committee to which hajj been referred so much of the Governor’s message as relates to the loans of the Commonwealth now over due, be instructed to inquire into the expedi-; ency of authorizing the issue of a new five per cent: loan, to the present holders, exempt from taxation, redeemable in twenty years, with coupons attach ed, which shall be receivable by the government in payment of taxes. A General Appropriation Bill has been reported in the House, by Mr. Conyngham. A great many bills of a local character have passed both branches, and the members seem dis posed to make the present a working session.— Wheneyer any thing of general interest is transac ted, we shall give it to our readers. Appointments by the Canal Com missioners. COLLECTORS. J. J. Kellar, Lancaster. Stewart Pearce, Columbia. S. S. Bigler, Harrisburg. George Smith, Beach Haven. Stephen Wilson, Northumberland. , Allison White, Dunnsburg. C. D. Eldred, Williamsport. . C. Thomas, Liverpool. Stewart Law, Newport. D. W. McCormick, Lewistown. A. S. Harrison, Huntingdon. A. A. Douglass, Hollidaysburg. E. Zeigler, Duncan’s Island. J. Shoemaker, Juniata Acqueduct. A. Stewart, Swatara Bridge. J. K. Heckman, Easton.' H. Scarborough, New Hope J. Hibhs, Bristol. J. Stallman, Philadelphia. T. Biting, Paoli. SUPERVISORS. J. M. Solliday, Delaware Division. Benjamin Saylor, North Branch. Thomas Bennett, West Branch. H. D. Rodearmel, Susquehanna. John M’Glaughlin, Easton. J. S. Miller, Lower Juniata. J. P. Anderson, Upper do. John Peters, Western Division. SUPERINTENDENT. W. S. Campbell, Portage. ; CARGO INSPECTOR. G. N. Smith, Johnstown. WEIGH MASTERS. M. H. Horn, Easton. i Robert Williams, Hollidaysburg. ) J. G. Chesney, Northumberland. ; ID* Allen A. Hall, Esq., late Register of the Treasury, has been appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, in place of C. B. Penrose, Esq. re signed,*—and Michael Noubse, Esq., Chief Clerk; takes his place as Register, for the time being; butj it is understood, that Townsend Haines, Esq.,! the late Secretary of the Commonwealth, under Johnston, has received the appointment permanently! The States that Are to Be. ,• Some curious person at the North, says the 1 Washington Union, has been calculating the area of the territory of the United States not yet organ-' izedjnto States, and finds .that we have domain enough for forty-six States as large as Pennsylva-; nia. Of these thirty-five will lie north' of 36 deg. 30 min., and would be free States, if that line of compromise were adopted. ID* Theophilub Fbnn, Esq., of the Harrisburg! Telegraph , has received the English State Printing! for the next three yean, FINANCES OF '.THE STATES. Pennsylvania, Slew York, and Maryland. ' We have before ns the-Annual Manager oif the Governors of Pennsylvania, New Tort, and Mary v land. They are all-interesting documents, as fur nishing an exposition of the financial affiiirs of the respective States turned. ' All are indebted, but all have made or are making preparations to liquidate their indebtedness as rapidly as possible. The gross indebtedness of Pennsylvania amounts to $40,511,173. But the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund hold the sum of $113,500, which, if deducted from the aggregate, would leavethe am’t of public debt at $40,397,673 92-190, and subject to a further deduction so soon as the sum of $127, 637 89-100, now in the fund, shall have been ap propriated to additional purchases of State loans. The operation of the Sinking Fund for the last year, will be seen from the following statement: Collateral inheritance tar, $180,212 41 Premiums on charters, 35,969 40 Eating house, beer house, and restau rant licenses, 5,876 70 Billiard room, bowling saloon, and ten pin alley licenses, 2,985 50 Theatre, circus, and menagerie licen- ses, Distillery and brewery licenses, Total receipts to Ist Dec. 1849, $226,639 01 From which deduct amount disbursed. by the Commissioners, in the purch ase of State stocks, 100,001 12 Balance unexpended, Dec. Ist, 1849, $127,637 89 The amount of interest paid on account of our State Loans lor the last fiscal year, was $2,007,616. This is an enormous sum to raise, in' addition to extraordinary expenses of Government; but it should he remembered that the greater portion of the debt was incurred in the construction of our Canals and Railroads, and the tolls on these received last year, amounted to $1,628,800. The prospect therefore is favorable for the gradual but ultimate liquidation of our immense indebtedness—a con summation to be devoutly wished. With regard to New York, we. learn from the Message of Gov. Fish, that the tot'al direct Debt of the State amounts to $22,895,058. The amount in the sinking fund for the payment of this debt is $214,392 17. The aggregate receipts during the fiscal year were $4,235,358, of which $3,442,960 •were derived from the State works. After paying the ordinary expenses of the government and the payments out of the Canal fund, there is left a sum of $909,102 71, applicable to the completion of the Erie enlargement, &c., besides a balance on hand of $113,279 22. The increase during the past year, on canals amounted to $225,000 over the re ceipts of the preceding year. The expenses of col lection, superintendence, and ordinary repairs of the canals, are nearly $70,000 less than during the preceding year. The annual interest on the gen eral fund debt amounts to $354,829 89. Of the Canal Debt, $3,140,819 34 will become due prior to January, 1856. The .avails of the Canal Debt Sinking Fund will be sufficient to meet this amount, as the surplus for the years 1851—52 can be arranged to meet the loans falling due in 1851, and no further loan on the credit of the fund will be required to meet the stock now outstanding until the Ist of January, 1856, when $4,000,000 will become due. Concerning Maryland, we learn from the Mes sage of Gov. Thomas, that on the 30th of Septem ber, ’49, the public debt amounted to $16,164,813. But from thi«, deductions are made of certain prop erty, which reduce it to $10,650,173. On the Ist of December last, there was a balance in the treas ury of $184,892 96, leaving $551,833 69 still due from tax collectors. The revenue of ’49 exceeded that of ’4O, by $314,867 51. The sinking fund, on the Ist of December, amounted to $1,892,537 61, being an increase during the year of $106,025 47. The Governor estimates that on the Ist December 1852, there will be a balance of $872.830 53, and that the receipts after Ist Dec. 1851, will not fall short of $1,250,000 annually. The Governor rec ommends a rigid adherence to the present revenue laws, and predicts that under their operations, every dollar of the public debt will be paid in thirteen years from the present time. We repeat that on the whole, these statements are highly favorable. They indicate not only a disposition, but a determination and an ability on the part of three States, to reduce their indebted ness as rapidly as possible.— Bicknell: 07“ We learn from the Carlisle Herald that the Hon. John Reed, one of the oldest and most emi nent members of the Bar in that place, died on Saturday the 19th inst., eged 64 years. At the opeuing of the Court on Monday morning he was at his place among his legal brethren, but soon afterwards comblained of being unwell and returned to his dwelling. He was a native of Adams county. In 1816 he represented the Westmoreland district in the State Senate, and at the expiration of his Sen atorial term was appointed by Governor Findley to the President Judgeship of the 24th Judicial Di strict, which was at thatJime composed of the coun ties of Cumberland, Franklin and Perry. He filled the bench during the long period of twenty years, with credit to himself and satisfaction to the public’ At the time of his death he had charge of the Law Department of Dickinson College. A Sew River. A letter from Maj. Earoax to Col. J. J. Abebt, Chief of the Topographical Bureau, is going the rounds of the papers, stating that a River forty feet wide and more than waist deep made its appearance about the last of June in the heart of the great Desert lying between the mouth of the Gjla and the moun tains, in Cal forma. No stream existed there pre vious to that time. The water is said to be deli cious, and the river affords an oasis at the most con venient spot for the traveller. Maj. E. says the river‘ ! cannotbesuppliedfrom the mountains, which* in that parallel and to the south, do not reach the regions of snow. Whence it comes and where it goes, is a matter yet to be determined,” Sad Ca§ualty at Wllksbarre. We are pained to learn that a most melancholy accident occurred in the neighborhood of Wilkes barre on Saturday last, resulting in the death of three young ladies in the family of Judge Wood ward—one of them being his eldest danghter, aged about 13 years, another, an adopted daughter, aged 19, and the third a niece, of about the same age, who was visiting his family. It appears they were enjoying themselves sliding on the ice over the river* when the ice gave way*. precipitating the forward one into the water beneath; the second, hastening to her rescue, also fell in, and the third following the example of the second, met with a similar fate. Their bodies were soon recovered, but not until the vital spark had fled. ' The adopted daughter, it is said, was to have been married this week.— Bern. U7“A correspondent earnestly and indignantly protests against the removal of Jobs Babb, Esq., from the place of Collector of Tolls at Columbia, in this State, after having been abont one year in office, and when his collections for that period were $40,000 more than those of any previous year.— Our correspondent does not complain of the very capable gentleman appointed in his place; but re gards his summary removal, when others appointed when he was, are retained, as a reflection upon a good citizen and an honest Democrat—Penn’n. 07“ Alexander L. Bussell, Esq., of Bedford County, has been appointed Secretary of the Com monwealth, in the room of Townsend Haines, Esq., appointed Register of the Treasury. Mr. R. at the time of his appointment was Deputy Secretary. 07“ Johbt S. Sellxam, (Dem.) has been elected, at a special election, to the State Senate of Mary land, from the Anne Arundel District, by a major ity of 161 Votes. Washington Correspondence. ■>,, WfsaraoTOßr, Jan. 25, 1850. Since my few changes have occurred at the capital oF; the nation—l mean of almost ev ery political nature.. The exciting gressional elections* (in the House) has Seen dis posed of in a most summary and anomalous man ner—positions of parties upon important subjects seem' to have Bomewhat better defined— and the knowing spirits of bgth the North and the Sooth are very fast assuming an attitude before the country, which, until now, to say the least, has been very equivocal. The great contest of the present session was opened in the Senate on Wednesday last by General Cass, upon the resolution offered by Mr; Foote, of Mississippi, to provide territorial governments for all the country ceded us by Mexico; notwithstand ing, as all know, California and Deseret have formed State Constitutions, and desire to be admitted into 'the Union at once. The object of this resolution being to cut off those sections from State govern ments, by placing them, as territories, under the restraints of territorial laws. This is now true Southern policy, inasmuch as by both the constitu tions of the two States of California and Deseret, slavery and involuntary servitude are forever pro hibited. By creating them territories, a hope (to those who hope it) might remain, that slavery could some day be introduced into them; which is not only very improbable, impracti cable. This great question Genera] Cass met in his characteristic, firm, and logical manner, and de clared it to be the right ol the people in the distant regions of the west not only to form constitutions for their government, but also to say therrnelves what institutions shall exist among them. He scouted the Wilmot Proviso, and like the true democrat he is, declared his preference to' resign his Senatorial seat, rather than sacrifice his opin ions to fanaticism and disunion. And this he will undoubtedly do, unless the Legislature of Michigan modify the resolutions of instructions passed by that body last year; and I very much fear they will not incline to do it. The fight has begun with equal force and vio lence in the House of Representatives. It com menced upon the reception of the Message of the President, accompanying the correspondence and other documents relating to California. Mr. Cling man, of North Carolina, the acknowledged leader of the Southern whigs in the House, made a long and exciting speech on Tuesday, which, in its dis unioniary tendency, can not be outdone by the most flagitious efforts of free soilers and abolitionists.— This speech proves clearly what I said in my last, that men can be found at the South as fanatical upon the subject of slavery, as can be produced in the North on the subject of Anti slavery. • And as a body, the Whigs of the South are as much op posed to anti-slavery, as Northern Whigs are to slavery—and in Congress the two extremes of that party have met upon the question, and the effect has been seen, to some extent, ..at least, in the recent elections in the House. I believe it will be seen, in the end, that the democratic party, by the moderate and conciliatory course which it will pursue upon this all absorbing question of slavery in the territories, will have saved the Union, against the combined elements of faction from both South and North; and although the pres ent appearance of things might indicate to the cas ual observer the hopelessness of such a result, yet, I see no other end of it all, than that California, at least, will be admitted as a State , and the internal enemies of the Union defeated iri their suicidal de signs upon the Republic. What a comment upon the State of our country must it be in the old world, when they look over here, and see in one year an empire added to our country,—when they see neighboring nations agi tating the subject of Union with us, yet, when they read the emanations from our legislative halls, dis union among our own States seems to be the all pervading burden of song! May the shadows ol departed patriots who bled and died for our coun try, hover over the land; and the spirits ol those who gave us our Constitution in its present glori ous form be ever near the patriot’s side to prompt him to ward ofT every stab dealt at it by those who have as little patriotism and love of country, as' they have reverence for the history and names of the past. The message alluded to, from the President, has given decided disapprobation to the South, because it advocates States instead of territories in our new ly commercial and rich possessions in the west— But for once, a correct proposition has emanated from the White House; though, being hostile to Southern instincts, it may very safely be surmised that possibly Mr. Senator Seward may have had a hand in getting it up. The “ Stampede ” enacted in the custom-houses throughout the country- by the issue of the recent circular by the Head of tjie Treasury Department, is operating, it would seem very detrimentally, if we may judge from the flock of envoys here from the different large revenue depots in the country. Think of so many hundred men discharged from those places—the revenue cutters dismantled ol crews and officers, and laid up, because the appro priation—a munificent appropriation!—for the col lection of revenue is found insufficient for the pres ent governing powers! It is to be presumed that after four years’ management of the country by those now administering it, the people will desire a return to the prosperous and stable operations of a democratic government, —an incident they will be j strangers to while Whigs sit in the high places of the capital. Yours, &c., ARAM. P. S.—There is no local news worth naming. “ Whbatlaitd.”— We return thanks to our friend J. Fbarklih Reigart, Esq., for a finely colored lithographic drawing of the beautiful residence of the Hon. James Buchamait, near this City. It is executed by Duval, from a sketch by Mr. Reigart and is, in all respects, a correct representation of that lovely spot, reflecting much credit on the gen tlemen who executed it. We have also seen a splendid engraving of the City of Lancaster, by Mr. Reigart. This is a cor rect chart ofthe City, showing all the public buil dings, improvements, streets, lanes and alleys, and the number of each lot. Every citizen ought to have a copy of it. “Straws Show,” &c. —Pictures of Hehbt Clat are to be seen in the windows of the different print shops in the city of New York, with these words underneath:—“Henry Clay and No Convention in 1852.” This is no doubt a plan of his friends in “Gotham,” to have him made the choice of his par ty, by acclamation, in 1852. We suppose, howev er, that if the wire pullers among the Federalists can select a more available candidate,, as was the case in 1840 and 1848, they will sing, “get out of the way old Kentucky.” 07“ We are indebted to J. Gish for an excellent volume of over 400 pages, entitled “ Dark Scenes of History „ The author is G. P. R. James, Esq., one of the best writers of the day,* and the book is'made up of French, English and. Oriental history, exceed ingly interesting and instructive. The ten chapters on the history of Herod the Great are worth the price of the whole book, which is only seveaty live cents. Call at Gish’s and see it, where are always to be had all the Periodicals and new Novels as soon as published. . |D“ Geu. Joseph Labs, of Indiana, is nominated by the members of the Legislature of that State as the Democratic candidate . for the Presidency in 1852. This is “taking time by the forelock.” OHIQ.—The Senate of Ohio was at last organi zed for dzi, the 18th. Inst This was bro t about by the lesignation of. Mr. Blake, who had been elected Speaker about three weeks previously. Mr. C. Converse is his successor. On the same day—the 18th—Gov. Ford sent in hit mtttage. court op Quarter sessions. JANUARY TERM. Comm.vs. Martha .Minster— Surety of the Peace. : Ordered Id 1 find security in the sum of $5O, fori 2 months. County for costs. iComm. tis. Henry Ryder —Bigamy. Plea not guilty. “It appeared in evidence that the deft, had been married to Susanna Fetter on the 23d of February, 1843. Afterwards, on the 18th of Deo., 1849, he was again married to Sarah Lutz, his former wife being still alive. It appeared that Susuanna Fetter made com plaint against Ryder tor fornication and bas tardy on the 18th of February, 1843—he married her on the 23d following, hut never lived with her. She afterwards married in J 44 or ’45. Sarah Lutz complained against Ryder for fornication and bastardy on the 12th, and on the 18th he was married by Squire Snader. The Jury after hearing the evidence returned a verdict of guilty—whereupon the Court ordered the deft, to pay a fine of 6 ots. and costs of prosecution, and undergo an imprisonment at labor in the Eastern Peniten tiary for the period.of thirteen months. Comm. vs. John Thompson —Assault and Battery on. John Conner. Plea not guilty verdict guilty. Court order Jhe deft, to pay a fine of 6 cents, costs of prosecution, and undergo an imprisonment in the county jail for one month. Comm. vs. Joseph Hughes —Larceny; steal ing a silver watch, the property of John Stauff er, of Columbia. Plea not guilty; verdict guilty. Court order the deft, to pay a fine of 6 cents and costs of prosecution, and undergo an imprisonment in the Eastern Penitentiary for the period of one year and two months. Comm. ns. John Nagle— Surety of the Peace on complaint of Balster Peifer. Ordered to find security in the sum ol $lOO for 3 months, and pay costs of prosecution. Comm. vs. Albert Seidel —Larceny, Stealing two shirts and pocket handkerchief, the prop erty of John B. Muller. Plea not guilty— verdict guilty. Sentenced to pay a fine of 6 cents, costa-of prosecution,'and undergo an imprisonment in the county jail of 1 week. Comm.vs. Same —Larceny, Stealing a sack coat of the value of $lO, the property of B. H. Van Seiver. Plea not guilty—verdict guilty. Court sentenced the deft, to pay a fine 6 cents, and costß of prosecution and undergo an im prisonment in the Eastern Penitentiary for the period of 18 months. •> Comm. vs. Same —Larceny, Stealing a vest of the-value of $2, property of J. Ballinger. Plea not guilt}' l —verdict guilty. Court order the deft, to pay a fine of 6 cents, cost of pros ecution, and undergo an imprisonment in the County Jail for one week. Comm. vs. John Clark— Surety ol the Peace on complaint of John E„ Smith. Court order the deft, to find security in the sum of $l6O, to be of good behavior, and keep the peace for one year, and pay the costs of prosecution. Comm. vs. David Johnson —Larceny, Steal ing 10 chickens of the value of $1,50, the property of B. Weaver. Plea not guilty— verdict guilty. Court sentence the deft, to 4 months imprisonment in the county jail. Comm. vs. George W.shington —Charged 'with receiving the chickens stolen by David Johnston, knowing them to have been stolen. Plea not guilty—verdict guilty. Sentenced to pay 6 cents fine, costs of prosecution, and im prisonment in the county jail 2 months. Comm. vs. Issacher Reese Charged with committing an assault and battery upon the body of Jacob Hall. Plea not gnilty—verdict guilty. Court sentenced the deft, to pay a fine of $25 and costs of prosecution. Comm. vs. Levi Taylor and Nathaniel Brady —Larceny, Stealing a Buffalo Robe, valued at $5. Levi pleads guilty—verdict guilty. Na thaniel pleads not guilty—verdict not guilty. The Court sentenced Levi Taylor to pay costs of prosecution, and undergo an imprisonment in county jail for three months. Comm. vs. John Beauman —Assault and Bat tery, with intent to kill. Plea not guilty— verdict not guilty, and prosecutor (Emanuel Groff) pay the costs. Comm. vs. John Kitch— Larceny, Stealing 6 turkeys. Plea not guilty—verdict not guil ty- Comm. vs. Jacob Flickinger —Fornication and Bastardy. Plea not guilty, and that the of fence was not committed within two years before the commencement of the prosecution —verdict not guilty, and county for the costs, (barred by the statute.) Comm. vs. William Chambers'- —Larceny, Stealing a gold watch. Plea guilty—verdict guilty. Sentenced to pay a tine of 5 cents* costs of prosecution, and undergo an imprison ment in the Eastern Penitentiary for the pe riod of three years and two months. Com. vs. John M. &ulp Fornication and Bastardy. Plea not guilty, and give the stat ute of limitation in evidence—verdict not. guilty, and county for. costs, (barred by the statute.) Comm. vs. Jacob Flickinger —Fornication and Bastardy. Plea not guilty—verdict guilty. .Court direct the deft, to pay a tine of 6 cents and costs—give security in the sum of $3OO, pay the sum of $2O, lying in expenses—and 75 cents a week until the child is seven years years. The Grand Jury had not been discharged when our paper went to press. Com. t*s. James Clark and Ruth Ann Waring. — Conspiracy,; to saddle the paternity .of a bastard child upon George Sampson. Verdict not guilty, and county to pay the costs. 07* We have received from the Publisher Geo. S. Appletojt, 164 Chesnut st. Philadelphia, a copy of “ Every Body's Almanac and Diary , for 185®.” It is a useful little pocket-book; containing a List of Government Officers, Accounts of the Banks of the Country, Manufactures, Products, and General Information for the Merchant, Tradesman, and Me chanic, together with A Complete Memoranda for every day in the Year. LOCAL ITEMS. OT“The following Independent, or New Market Council Ticket has been formed, by a meeting of the citizens without distinction of party: Select Council—~D r. Samuel Humes, Dr. J. H. Kurtz, Andrew Bear. > Common Council. . N. E. Ward—John Carr, T. Jeffries, John Wise, John Fondersmith. S. E. Ward Henry Nauman, William Leonard, David Cockley, Patrick Donnelly. • S. W. Ward—Ephraim Zellers, Henry Gast, Martin Haroish. N. W. Ward—David Wiley, Maj. Ezrom Spera, Capt. Jacob Snyder, Jacob Myers. The Lancaster City and County Medical Society held their Annual Meeting on last Wednesday, in Dr. Kehfoot’s Anatomical Hall, when the follow ing officers were elected for the ensuing year: President —F. S. BURROWES. Vice Presidents —Dr. G. B. Kebpoot, Dr. Samuel Duffibld. Treasurer and Librarian— E. Parry. * Recording Secretary —C. O. Richards. Corresponding Secretary—Charles L. Baker. Also the following gentlemen as delegates to the meeting of the State Medical Society, which is to assemble in Philadelphia,'on the third Wednesday in April next: - Thomas EUmaker, Joseph Gibbons, H. A. Smith, Jacob L. Zeigler, Joseph S. Clarkson, C. O. Rich ards.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers