3tnt' rttal. g; - )4(H.tif!rtft, EDITOR. 16aiitaster;:, May 15, 1549. larimmenre, editor of the Farmer, .:will - leetwielbeforofthe Lancaster_ City Temperance Sociefy, at the Baptist Church, on - next Saturday Ili We have on file a well-written communica tion signed_ "NV,": against the election of Judges by the People, with the promise of a series, on the same side of the question. AlthOugh fully com mitted in favor of the proposed change, we shall cheerfully give our able correspOndent a hearing through our columns. We have too, much faith in the strength of our cause, not •to subject it to the -test of- the severest examination and discussion. We regret that Ws first communication was re ceived too late for this, Week's .paper. It will ap pear in our next,...* . NEW you RIOTS—The details of the New York **given in, our columns of to-day, furnish their i iiim: commentary. No one- can read them tgltliohtbeing shocked by the gross folly and de. pitdvitywhicWthey exhibit. To see a vast.multi tiidiliuddenly Wrought . up to a state of derioniac phrensy, and innocent men and women shot dead in the streets—mm. 4 ou account of a personal guar• re/ between two rival stage.acturs!---appears to a dis tant impartial observer a strange and most melan choly spectacle. We can offer no opinion as to the merits of the FOIVREST and MACIII:ADY dispute, for we have really formed none. We have, how ever,,M9,lYmpathy with Mobocrats, whether the objeci'ofilleir vengeance be a Church or a Theatre. Their decrees, like those of DnAco, are forever written in blood. Anarchy and madness march forever in their train. A mob government like a West India hurricane, strews the earth with pro miscuoasrains, and may only be compared to an earthquake, loOsening the foundations of society, and burying in-a common grave the most cherish ed objects of earth. All well-disposed minds must deeply deplore such scenes, which not only bring into disrepute our national character, but threaten distraction to all our cherished institutions. - EntatrrmEn.--In commenting on the result of the Congressional Elections in Virginia, our neigh bor. of the Ernminer 4- Herald indulges the follow ing gloomy forebodings: ED" Unless Kentucky and Tennessee mind their hand, General Taylor may have an Opposition Con gress to onnmence with—not an agreeable prospect. Wtien we take into account the expected Demo cratic gains in Indiana, Mississippi, and, Alabama, we doubt whether even Kentucky and Tennessee can preVent a sure Democratic majority in the next House of , Representatives. And then, what will make matters all the worse for the administration, Is Gen. TLYLOIt . B stupid pre-ciirnmittal against the exercise of the Veto-Power. Like another autom aton, his sole province will be to cry Yea and Amen to ail the laws that a Democratic, Congress may pass i . under these circumstances it is some consolation to all concerned, to know; that the Democrats never pass any bad laws. ED The publication of the Pennsylvania German "Staats Zeitung," conducted by JACOB BAAB at Harrisburg, has been suspended for the present. Mr. B. promises to revive it hereafter, should the necessary patronage be extended to him, with in creaseil energy and efficiency. The V Pluiladelphia Appointments The applicants for places under the Genera Government, at Philadelphia, have at last been re lieved of their long and painful suspense, by the ofli vial announcement of the following appointments Collector.—William D. Lewis (Whig,) of Phila delphia, in place of Col. James Page, rcnwved. Naval Officer.—Peter C. Ellmaker (Whig) of Philadelphia, in place of tilenry Welsh, removed. U.. S. .Maraha/..---.A.nthway E. Roberts (Whig) o New. Holland, Lancaste•r county, in place of Gen. George M. Keim, renfowd. Post Master.—W. J. P. White, (Whig,) of Phila clelphia, in place of Dr. George F. Lehman, relllCllTti. U. S:-.l2l4o7llty—John. W. Ashmead (Native) o Philadelphia, in place of Thomas .:11. Pettit, remora/. From this list of appointments, one fact looms out in such striking 'significance, that no man can fail to observe it. Whilst the Whigs have been liberally rewarded, and the Native Americans tol erably, the sell-styled "Independent Democratic Tay lormen," a species of political non-descript—hare obtained literally nothing. Although their" votes were highly acceptable, because absolutely neces sary, to carry the election of Gen. TAYLOR, now that he is fairly cushioned in the presidential chair for a term of four years, he cavalierly kicks from his presence the ladder by which he ascended And this, too, in the teeth of his pledge to Gen. DILLER, our old Commander in the Buckshot War, that he would distribute the offices equally among, Whigs, Natives, and Democrats! But how soon was this pledge, like all the rest, violated and for gotten! We cannot declare, because we do not.; 'feel, any sympathy „for that class of frail politicans, who by these fair promises, were betrayed into an abandament of their old party prdfessions, for never, perhaps, has political retribution been better merited. Whilst, we, of course, in coMnfon with the Democ racy of the whole State, regret the necessity tha t , haslanished our excellent friend, Gen. KRIOI, from a place which he has filled so much to the public satisfaction—we yet are gratified, that his mantle has. fallen on one so deserving as ANTHONY E. ROBERTS: Although our politics are as widely asunder as the poles, candor constrains us to the acknowledgement, thai Mr. R. is among our most useful and exemplary citizeu, and that he is , alto gether honest and capable, ' Mr. R. was formerly the High Sherifrof this (county, and was justly res pected for the impartial and humane manner in which he discharged his public duties. We are opposed to turning good men out, but, when it must be done, it is some Some consolation, if good men ate appointed to succeed them. ROILERT T. CONRAD, editor of the Daily News, has been appointed Deputy Surveyor of the Port of Philadelphia—the place formerly held by Col Fonsmy.. Gen. Tayjor---not a Jackson! We have sometimes heard the enthusiastic ad mirers of General Twirtmt compare him to General LicssoN-Lbut to our mind the Hero of Buena Vista bears no more resemblance to the Hero of New Orleans than a horse-chesnut. does to a chesnut horse. JACKSON was quite as good a Statesman as be was a Soldier, and could wield the civil affairs of the country with a power productive of the most stupendous results—whilst TAYLOR in the White House, is altogether out of place, and a mere au tomaton in the hands of political demagogues. But there are other traits of character in which the Comparison utterly fails—as the following incident proves. During general Jackson's presidency the name of a successor to Gen. Miller, Collector of Salem, (Mass.) was sent to the Senate. Mr. Sils bee, who was then a whig Senator, went to the .President, and asked him if he knew who it was that was to be superseded by the nomination. "No," said Gen. Jackson,; "all I know is that it is one James Miller." When Mr. Silsbee informed him that it was Gen„Jarnes Miller, the officer'who con ducted so gallantly in the last war, and bore honor ble scaM i pen. Jackson replied, with emphasis, that he should ? sot be touched, and the new nomination was at once 'revoked. Mr. Haile, Collector of Plattsburg, (N. 5!".,) has jOst been removed by Presi dent Taylor. He performed valuable services in the war of 1812, was shot through the lungs, and disabled from active employment. When General Hiumsoar came in, an attempt was made to re move him, but it was frustrated by Gen. Scott protesting to the President against it; and the 'veteran Haile habeen retained to become a victim of these "no paw" times!!" THE HEAL AND THE IDEAL. . , President Taylor, as he is---and President Taylor, as described ,by the,Whig newspaper4l-, • • • Wasars!erforg:April 30,1849. We: who inhabit therkreatinietropolis of th lclnionhave opportiMitieS.Cof.heirieg aud - ktiowing things in the political • world - which do not alWays reach youleas favored people.ot the provinces.— We know that farces are here played which, in the , "magnificent distances" of this great republic, look verily like:grave and.legitimate drama. We know that the most grotesque masks are here put on, whose extravagant grimaces are softened down in the distance to the smooth and pleasing outlines of genuine respectablyidoking• countenances. We know, too, that politicians here have real tangible corporeal existences, while, to the wondiring na tivesin the interior or on the frontiers, their form and semblance are merely imaginary. And such happens to be the "state of the case," as the law, yers would say, with our present venerable and il lustrious chief magistrate. You are, I have no doubt, aware that they have two emperors in Japatione to take care of civil. and the other religions affairs, The first is called the %lagoon and the other the - Mektulor. The first is a most potCrit monarch. He has a real tangible existence, and so has the latter, so far as flesh _apt blood are concerned, but he is of no account, being confined to his religious cloister, and occupied with ceremonies and the conversation of women. Now, something like this Japan idea we have in real existence in these glorious and enlightened United States at the present tine, under .the figure and form of " the President." Although your name is Greene, I hope you are not so green and verdant as to suppose, that the Gen. Taylor who makes inaugural addresses. receives foreign minis ters, delegations from, sovereign states, municipali ties and trades corporations, to ,whose salutations he replies in .well-worded and appropriate speeches, is the real Gen. Taylor who was elected by the people President of the United States. If you do entertain any such absurdity, why, I must set you down among the greenest of all green chaps away down in Yankeedom. I can assure you that the real Gen. Taylor, whose corporeal substance does actually occupy the white house, is a very different personage from the Gen. Taylor who figures in the newspapers as the President of the United States. The Gen. Taylor who lives in the white house is a real tangible body—that is, a body possessing all the properties of matter, viz—fortn, weight, inertia, color, &c., while the Gen. Taylor who figures as president in the newspapers, is a mere ideal ficti tious being The form is of no more account, so far as the presidency is concerned, than the Mekador of Japan. The latter—the ideal man, is the real president,--the Ziag - oon of the Republic of the United States of America. The President of the newspapers par example. Gen. Taylor, the Presi dent elect, on his way to this city, made - many well conceived and appropriate speeches, in reply to speeches made to him. Whereas, the real General Taylor made none, or if he essayed .to make a speech, it was a very different one from that which the ideal general made, and which appeared in the newspapers as the speech actually made. The real Gen. Taylor was invited before his in auguration„io visit the people to Georgetown, they honestly supposing that he was Gen. Taylor, the elect. He went accordingly, was addressed very, appropriately by the mayor of that city, and might have stammered out something in reply. The ideal general, however, was made to speak in the news papers, and 10, he spoke in a very different style from that of the real bona fide general. So I un derstand it was on the reception of the foreign ministers and other persons formally introduced to the real general at the white house ; the ideal gen eral always appearing as the spokesman in the newspapers. Recently the magistracy of this city were intro duced to ; the real general by Mayor Seaton. who made an appropriate address on the occasion. And the real general made a reply, as I understand, pretty muds in these words—" I am glad to see the magistry of Washington—pleasant day to-day. 1 think we shall have some good weather." But the ideal general, the figure of speech that personifies the president in the newspapers, would not allow the address to go out in this form, and accordingly it was fixed up "in a very decent garb and sent forth through the press—another affair altogether than the real speech of the real general. One example more. A committee from Virgi nia came here the other day to present a sword to the real general whom the people elected president. The National Intelligencer, that curious antedilu vian fossil, which stands fo'rth as the impersonation of the stupidity of genuine "convervative" whiggery, formally announced that on Monday last the pre_ sentation would take place. But the general was not ready. Col. Bliss had not got the reply to the address ready, and the general had not committed it to memory. Two days elapsed, and the ceremony came off The chairman made a handsome speech so fir as language and manner were concerned, and the general made a reply. This was a real affair. The good old man held the speech prepared by Bliss (or somebody else) in his hand, Lind tried to read iron] it; but not being so familiar with the handwriting as his own, he made a bad piece of work of it. But he continued to stammer through it. And the idea/ general concluded to accept this speech, and let it go forth to the people as the speech of the president; but lie, the ideal general, had the bungling manner in which the real general read the speech explained in this wise in the news papers—" Gen. Taylor read his reply, and was firm and manly, until he came to the paragraph wherein he was obliged to allude to the compliments paid to himself What he said . was not only appropriate, but said with deep emotion that sometimes checked his utterance." See " Joy," correspondent of the Baltimore Sun, April 25th. With this explanation the ideal general allowed the speech to go forth as that of the President. The truth-is—and it is well to tell the truth to the American people—Gen. Taylor - is utterly in competent for the place he now occupies. He is very far inferior in point of capacity even to Gen. Harrison, superannuated and incompetent as he was. And every candid and impartial man, who sees and hears him speak or converse, goes away from him with that mortifying conviction deeply impressed upon his mind. It is this incapacity of General Taylor for the duties of the presidency, in which is to be found the true cause of the shameful and shocking vio lation of his solemn pledges of whiCii he has been guilty since he came into the presidency. He is but a baby in the hands of the wily and unscru pulous men by whom he is surrounded. If lie would be honest and redeem his solemnly pledged word, he cannot. He cannot do a thing, or move an inch as president, without their aid. He is completely at their mercy, and they use him with out scruple and without remorse. This mortifying fact is becoming daily more and more apparent, and soon the whole country will awaken to a real izing of its painful truth. To the real patriots of the country, to the true lovers of democratic institutions, the fact that a man has been elected to the great office of presi dent, with scarcely one qualification to befit him for its high and solemn duties, is not only mortify ing, but it is alarming. It disgraces our country and belies the capacity of - the people for self-gov ernment. But it is pleasing enough to the mon archist and aristocrat. They care not who is the locum fences of the throne, or the presidency. They are willing, nay, would prefer, that it should be a weak woman, or an imbecile man; a Queen Vic toria, or a General Taylor. In either case the mon archical theory of an irresponsible king and a res ponsible ministry is exemplified. - I designed . to draw a parallel by contrasts be tween the first and the second Washingtons, as it lustrated in the powers , of Gen. Washington and .Gin. 'Taylor, but my limits forbid. I will, how , • ever; add that the proscription goes briskly on. Heads fall daily here , in-the metropolis as well as in the distant provinces. , ' I think the number of removals of democrats more than equal the number during - the some time under the sanguinary coon ildurdynasty'of 1841: AGAYEXNOT. , - IC7' . Gen. TAYLOR never wrote—" I HAVE NO FRIENDS TO REWARD, NO ENEMIES TO PUNlSH."—Louisville TournaL Why, if things go on in this way Gen. TAILOR will be shorn as bare of literary reputation, as a field of wheat after the sickle of the reaper.' Some deny that he wrote his despatches, others that he wrote his Allison correspondence; it was indignant ly denied that he wrote the " horse letter ;" Doctor Bacon denies that he wrote the letter to General Gaines, published as his ; Captain Bragg denies that 6 ever called on him for a "little more grape;" we ,dOny that he is the author of the epigramatic phrase "Gen. TAYLOR never surrenders ;" and now, here is the Louisville Journal coming out with the state ment that Gen. TAYLOR never wrote, " I have no friends to reward, (or serve,) no enemies to punish." Well, there is one thing Gen. TAyLon cannot be stripped of,' and that is his military laurels; they will remain unwithered through the winter of time. —N. 0. Della, neutral. llon. John C. Knox. The members of the bar of Cambria county, in this State, have addressed•tojiptlk gentleman a high ly complimentary and elOquent letter, on the occa sion of his separation from them, by the operation of the law altering sevaral of the Judicial Districts, passed by the late Legislature. We do not marvel that he made many warm friends in Cambria. He has all the qualities to endear" him to all who are acquainted with him. Paper Money. In a great speech made some years ago by Mr . BUCHANAN, he compared the circulation of shin plasters or small notes to the game of the candle. The candle is passed rapidly from hand .to hand— each one fearing to hold it too long lest it may burn down in his fingers, and each passing it off to his neighbor lest he may get it when it is burnt down. Paper money is sure to remain last with the laboring poor. It is passed upon them by their employers, who buy it up at a discount, in order doubly to profit by the operation. Their only safe ty is to get it off at once even at a sacrifice. It appears by the following, from a late Pittsburg Post, that the usual result has been produced by the de preciated Pittsburg scrip :—Pennsylvanian. While standing in a Broker's office the other day, we saw a number of poor people enter with city .and county scrip, submitting to a shave, of twenty ply cent. Is not this heart sickening? It is in effect reducing the wages of every working man, woman and child, twenty -centcon the dollar. Shobld the city permit this outrageous wrong to be committed? Au Important Case Decided. The suit of the Commonwealth against the Del aware and Hudson Canal Company, to recover $B5, 000, the amount of taxes upon dividends, has been determined, in favor of the Company. The grounds assumed by the defence were that the State of Pennsylv : ania had not the power to tax dividends declared by a company incorporated by a sister State, although a portion of the works may be lo cated in the State so taxing, as that would be an infringement of the compact between the States—a principle tested by the verdict. The Sandivich Islands The suggestion occurs in a New York paper that it would be well for the United States to annex the Sandwich Islands to the Union, giving to the whole group the name of the State of Hawaii. The importance of these Islands, in view of the trade of the Pacific, being nearly midway between Oregon and China, is prominently urged, and the fact, no doubt, will be generally admitted. The depopulation which, foi• some cause or another, has been going on throughout the group since its dis covery by Captain Cowc, is also alluded to as indi cative of the inevitable result that the Islands must, sooner or later, come into the possession of some civilized power. Thus we go—Annexation seems to be the word. "Manifest destiny - is doubtless in the ascendant. A great country this, when it shall be fenced in. Wealth of Pennsylvania The Iron and Coal of Pennsylvania, no doubt, yields at this time, $:20,000,0011 per annum. It is likely that in ten years, this sum will have increased to ,t , s!:io,otiffOHO, and our coal and iron trade, even tually, make Pennsylvania the richest State, and Philadelphia the wealthiest city in the Union. But there are probably, in addition, many sources of wealth not yet thought of. In England, sperma ceti is being extracted from peat, and it has been discovered that the shales of that country contain a large amount of spermaceti, which can be eco nomically applied to the making of oil and candles. We have an abundance of shale in Pennsylvania, which burns with a clear bright flame. Why should not our Eastern neighbors, instead of send ing to the coast of Kamschatka for sperm oil, erect their works in the mountains of Pennsylvania. The profit in England is estimated to be very great. We mention these facts, hoping they may elicit in formation from those who are conversant with these affairs. The Taylor Democrats. From the Pennsylvanian. It is just now a fashionable argument of the Whigs to say that Gen. Taylor owes nothing to the Democrats who voted for him, because they were few in number, and consequently that the offices should be given to the Whigs. There were not a few in Virginia, according to the following from the New York Tribune: " When the returns are all in, it will be easy to show th 4 the Whig.votein Virginia is better this year than the average of the f o ur or eight precediyg. The State is Democratic; there is no doubt of that; and the Democrats who voted for General Taylor have gone back to their old party ; but the Whig vote is as heavy now as almost ever before." The Democrats, who come a little toe near car rying Virginia for Taylor, have already got sick of an administration which glories in the deliberate violation of its most solemn pledges, and rejoices in the bestowal of offices upon the most violent assailants of the country's recent war. Removals. The Washington Union states there are two kinds of removals constantly going on, the first by the Administration,, and the second by the People. Democratic Post Masters, Marshals and Custom- House officers, give place to Whigs; and in turn, Whig Congressmen make room for Democrats. The no-party President will soon be left with no party to sustain him. So much for looking one way and rowing another. EEr CHRISTIAN KIEFFER. Esq. of this city is warmly urged by a correspondent of the Examiner §- Herald for the Whig nomination for County Treasurer. U The application of MARTIN LEBER, of Caer narvon township, for a Tavern License, which was refused by the Court, has since been re-considered and granted. 12g .. ALEXANDER R. Sr.orormn, Esq. has been appointed by Governor JanNsTos a Notary Public for the borough of Columbia. ILA WILLIAM W. RE ntEE, Esq., the efficient and popular Post• Master at Womelsdorf, Berks county, has been removed. Reason—Democracy. 11J The Emperor of Brazil, early in March, gave a public reception at his palace in Rio Janerio to 2000 American emigrants to California. TEMPERANCE DECLARATION OP SETTS PRESI DENTS or Tan Harlan Steras.—We have just re ceived (says the New York Organ) the following declaration, with General Taylor's name affixed. At the time it was clrawn,hp; it Was generally sup posed that distilled liquors were the principal cause of intemperance; but all who have since examined the subject, have concluded that intoxieatin,gliquois; under whatever name, should be termed "spirituoiLS liquoni.." and should be avoided as 'a beverage.— General Hanarsos died so soon after his inaugura• tion to the Presidency, that time was not allowed to procure his signature to the declaration. He would doubtless have signed it, as it - was generally understood that soon after the Temperance Reform was agitated, he at once closed the fires of a distil lery in which he was interested. Being satisfied from observation and experience, as well.as from medical testimony, that ardent spirits, as a drink, is not only needless, but hurtful, and that the entire disuse of it would tend to pro mote the virtue and happiness of the community; we hereby express our conviction, that should the citizens.ot the United States, and especially all young men, discontinue entirely the use of it, they would net only promote their personal benefit, but the good of the country and the world. James Madison,- Martin' Van Buren, John Quincy Adams, John Tyler, Andrew Jackson, James K. Polk, Zachary Taylor. Appointinentfr,by the President. WASHINGTON, May 12. The following appointments are from the Na tional Whig office— • Bottimor; dippointmcnts.—Collectors of Customs, Col. Geo. p. Kane, vice W. IL Marriott, removed. F.lias T. Griffin, Serveyor, vice W. H. Cole, re moved. ThomasH. Kent, Marshal, vice Mr. Moreau, re moved. , C. H. Maddox, Postmaster, vice Mr. Buchanan, removed. Mr. Weeks , District Attorney. Ncio York .4ppoiniments.—Hugh Maxwell, Col lector of Customs. vice C. W. Lawrence, resigned. John Young, ,Sub.Treasker, vice W. C. Bond:, removed. W. V. Brady, Postmaster, vice R. H. Morris, re moved. Allegheny & Pittsburg Small Notes. The Butler Democratic Herald, says this scanda lous trash, issued by Whig corporations, who are constantly talking about protecting the laborer and the mechanic, has for some time proved the princi pal circulating medium in Butler county. It is now twenty per cent. below par in Pittsburgh. Now read the following from the Clarion Demo crat, of May 5: At the brokers' counter in Pittsburgh it is now twenty per cent. below par—it is not convertible into current money among the merchants at any per centage—it is not received at all by the trading community for the liquidation of debts formerly contracted—it is not taken as fare in travelling to and from Pittsburgh; and in our opinion it will soon not command even store goods. This leaves Clarion county in rather a deplorable situation ; for there are but few of her citizens that have not more or`less of it on hand It was our principal, indeed almost our only small paper currency ; so that it is the poorer class of people—the possessors of a few hard earned dollars that will suffer most; they will have to bear the burthen of these cursed swindling'corporations. Is it no violation of reason and justice, if not of law, thus to impose upon the public ? Are men or corporations allowed thus to issue tneir promises to pay and close at pleasure, in the full possession of their ill-gotten wealth, without suffering the penalties attached to such wholesale fraudulency? If they can, then are our laws nugatory and unjust, and the people themsel ves should demand their rights in person, and pro nounce and put in execution such condign punish ment as they think the parties offending deserve. Another Horse Thief Taken. Isaac Bickhart, the man who stole a horse from Moses Weaver near the Blue Ball tavern, in this county, some fourteen months since, was lately ar rested at New Lisbon, Columbia county, Ohio, by William Chambers, Marshal of that District, and is. now lodged in tee Lancaster jail.to await his trial at the August Sessions of the Court. He was brought to this place by virtue of a requisition which was obtained from Gov. Shunk before his death. How difficult it is at present for a horse thief to escape the vigilance of our officers. The man Bickhart has been safely brought a distance of over four hundred miles, and is now in safe keeping. He was arrested on the information and through the instrumentality of officer Hughes, of this city, and was committed by Alderman Van Camp.—An. Press. INDIANA.—This State votes for Governor and members of the next Congress in August. The Democratic candidate for Governor, by the latest accounts, was without . a competitor, so that his election may be set down as certain. The Demo crats feel confident of gaining two members of Congress, in place of EM REE and DI/NS, late whip representatives. The Hoosiers will not disappoint the expectatidns of their Democratic brethren throughout the Union. ARREST OF A STEAM Doc ron..—A Dr. Cross has been arrested at Stroudsburg, Monroe co., for manslaughter, charged with causing the death of a patient by improper treatment. The Monroe Dem ocrat says: An "Indian Doctor," named Cross, undertook for the consideration of paid in advance, to cure Mr. Daniel Quin of a rheumatic pain that annoyed him. He began the operation by steamingfim, by seating him over a pot of boiling water, and covering him with a blanket. Into the water he dropped, at short intervals, hot bricks, to keep up a requisite temperature. . Alter continuing this op eration for about three hours, he put the patient to bed, with hall-a-dozen hot bricks close to the differ ent parts of- his body and limbs, and with a great number of blankets, comfortables and coverlids on top of him, covering up his face as well as his whole body. The patient or victim begged.for air, but it was almost wholly denied him. The doctor started off on a visit to out' town, giving strict or ders that the covering should not b removed until his return. As he remained away some three or four hours, Mrs. Quin found it absolutelynecessary to remove a portion of the coverinv , . On Cr return he poured into a spoon a few Lops of a med icine which. he called "Indian Red Drop," and ad ministered a portion of it to Quin. He had no sooner taken it than he clasped his hand to his head and exclaimed, "who. struck me?" and in a short time he expired of apoplexy. Cross has at tempted the cure of rheumatism upon other sub jects frequently, and sometimes with success. Another Victory. We learn from the Springfield Register of the 17th ult., that at the municipal election, which was held in that city on the day previous, another Democrat ic victory was achieved—one whig Alderman and a whig Marshal being the only officers elected by the latter party. The Democrats carried all the other officers. fU'' At St. Louis, F. P. &Ain, Jr. Esq., indicted for challenging L. Pickering to fight a duel, plead guilty, and was sentenced to pay a fine of one dolleir, and be imprisoned for one T. T. Gnatt. Esq., for bearing said challenge, also plead guilty, and received the same sentence. WYOMING tousTr.—The Democrats of this county have appointed ANDREW GOBDENEIR, Esq., delegate to the Pittsburg Convention, with instruc tions to support FRANCIS L. BOWMAN for Canal Commissioner. A Goon IDEA.—"Suppose," says the' Yates county Whig, "that the country papers enter into a 'league' not to support any man for office hereafter, unless he shall have been for one year previous to his nomination an advance paying subscriber to our respective papers." 117" ALBERT G. ili.wzs, formerly a Jackson member of Congress from Kentucky, died at his residence in Daviess county, March 14. He twice received the votes of his party for U. S. Senator. liU" Ex-President Polk has been appointed an honorary member of the fire company on Capital Hill, Nashville, where he resides. THE NEW YORK RIOTS. From the New York Evening Post Dligraceful Riot at the Opera House—Last night was the opening night of the Theatre, and Mr. Macreally was announced in the character of Mac beth. As the time approached for the rising of the curtain, appearances indicated that disturbances were in contemplation. The managers had enga ged police officers to be present, and Matsell,the Chief of Police, with deputies was there. At the appearance of Mr. Clarke, three cheers were given for him. When Mr. Macready came out he was received with cheers, groans, hisses, &c. His friends seemed rather to predominate in point of numbers, and many of the ladies waved their hand kerchiefs, but the disturbances were kept up so constantly by those in the pit, that nothing could be heard, and Macbeth was a pantomine. An old shoe and some pennies were thrown on the stage at the feet of Mr. Macready, who stooped and picked up one of the pennies and placed it in his bosom with dignity, bowing to that portion of the audience from whence the missiles seemed to come, While he stood thus unflinchingly breasting the storm, a chair was thrown at the stagy, which fell in the orchestra; fortunately no onirlvas hit. terwards a couple of chairs were thrown on the stage, but hit no one. Asafiedita and rotten eggs were dispensed profusely over the actors ; during the evening, and until the curtain tinnily dropped in the middle of the third scene. Mr. Chippendale attempted to make himself heard, but without sue. cess. He, together with Sefton, then came before the curtain,hearing a large placard, with this sen tence chalked on it: "Mr. Macready has left the Theatre." Mr. (lark came out and made an apol ogy. as he was the only persist whom the audience would hear, and in about half an hour the crowd qisiwrsed. (From the New York Tribune.) Another Shameful Riot—A(ll,k On the Opera Hortse— The AKllilary Called Out—Fifteen Persons Killed and Twenty-fire Wounded. We are again called upon,to record one of the most shameful events which has ever disgraced the history of our City. The riot of Monday night, of which that of last night was but a continuation, was harmless in comparison. We give the parti culars in the order of their occurrence, and almost entirely from our own personal observation. The invitation extended to Mr. Macready by a number of our most prominent citizens and his acceptance thereof, called forth a second effort on the part of those who created the riot on Monday night. Early yesterday morning placards were posted up through the city, stating that the crew of the British steamer had threatened violence to all who "dared express their opinions at the Eng lish Aristocratic Opera House," and calling on all working men to "stand by their lawful rights."— In consequence of this and similar threats a large body of Police was ordered to attend of the Opera House, and in case this should not be sufficient to preserve order, the Seventh Regiment, Col. Duryea and two troops of horse, (Copts. Varnum and Pat terson,) of the Eighth Regiment, under command of Gen. Hall, and the Huzzars attached to General Morris's Brigade, were held in readiness. In anticipation of a riot, the rush for tickets was very great, and before night, none were to be had. For some time before the doors were cpen ed, people began to collect in Astor Place, arid the Police took their stations at the doors and in the buildings. The crowd was increased with every moment, and when we came upon the ground at half-past seven the square and street from Broad way to the Bowery were nearly full. There was such a tremendous crush about the doors, in spite of a notice posted up stating that the tickets were all sold, that several of the entrances were obliged to be closed. The Police used every exertion to preserve order and succeeded in preventing all at tempts to force an entrance. We noticed, however, that the windows had been carefully boarded up and the doors barricaded—the object of which was afterwards made manifest. The first two scenes passed over with a vocife rous welcome to Mr. Clarke as Malcolm. The entrance of Mr. Macready, in the third act, was the signal for a perfect storm of cheers, groans and hisses. The whole audience rose, and who were friendly to Macready cheered, waving their hats and handkerchiefs. A large body in the parquette, with others in the second tier and amphitheatre hissed and groaned with equal zeal. The tumult lasted for ten or fifteen minutes, when an attempt was made to restore order by a board being brought upon the stage, upon which was written "The friends of Order will remain quiet.' This silenced all but the rioters, who continued to drown all sound of what was said upon the stage. Not a word of the first act could be heard by any one in the house. The Policemen present did little or nothing, evidently waiting orders. Finally, in the last scene of the act, Mr. Matsell, Chief of Police; made his appearance in the parquette, and, followed by a number of his aids, marched directly doWn the aisle to the leader of the disturbance, whorin he secured after a short but violent struggle. One by one the rioters were taken and carried out, the greater part of the audience applauding as they disappeared. Before the second act was over, something of the play could be heard, and in the ,pauses of the shouts and yells, the orders of the , Chief and his men in different parts of the house could be heard as well as the wild uproar of the mob without. Mrs. Coleman Pope, as Lady Macbeth, first pro. cured a little silence, which ended, however, im mediately oil Mr. Macreadyk re-appearance. The obnoxious actor went through his part with perfect self-possession, and paid no regard to the tumultu ous Scene before him. , As the parquette and gal lery were cleared of the noisiest rioters, the crowds without grew more violent, and stones were hurled against the windows on the Astor place side. As , one window cracked after another and pieces of I bricks and paving-stones rattled in on the terraces and lobbies, the confusion increased, till the Opera House resembled a fortress besieged by an invading army rather than a place meant for the peaceful amusement of a civilized community. Sometimes heavy stones would dash in the boards which had been nailed up as protection and a number of policemen were constantly occupied in hailing up and securing the defences. The aftack was sometimes on one side and sometimes .on the other, but seemed to be most violent on Eighth street, where there was a continued volley of stones and other missiles.. The retiring•rooms were closed, and the lobbies so "raked - by the mob outside, that the only safe places were the boxes and parquette. A stone thrown through an upper wiadow, knocked off come of the ornaments of the splendid chandelier. Tovvards the close, a violent attack was made by the mob on one of the doors, which was partly forced. A. body of policemen, armed with their short clubs, sallied from it and secured a number of the leaders, who were brought in and placed in a large room tinder the paraquette, with those who had been previously arrested. These rioters, to the number of thirty or forty, battered down the partition of the room with their feet, and attempted to crawl out at the bottom by the holes so made. A strong guard was therefore placed to watch them, and no one, we believe, succeeded in making his escape. From the confusion occasioned by the continued attack on the house, we were unable to learn the names of any of them. After the play was over, the noise being dimin ished somewhat, the audience were allowed to go out quietly by the door nearest Broadway. The crowd was not so dense in the middle of the street, a body of troops having just paSsed along; but the sidewalks, fences, and all other available positions were thronged, and a shower of stones was kept up against the windows. As we reached Broadway a company of the Greys came round from Eighth street, and took up their position in front of the Opera House. tip to this time we did not learn that any proc lamation had been made to the rioters. Alter passing the Greys at the corner of Broadway we went into Eighth street and were on the return, in not more than three minutes afterward, when a volley was fired by the troops, the quick, scattering flashes throwing a sudden gleam over the crowd, the gas-lights in the streets having, all been distin guished. Hastening into Astor Place, we found the troops drawn up before the house, and the crowd beginning to disperse in front of them. It was generally believed that they fired blank cartridges, and a large number of persons, who. were mere lookers on did not pay much attention to it. We passed into Lafayette place, and there saw the bod tes of three persons dead or wounded borne away. The crowd seemed taken by surprise, as on ac count of the incessant noises very few could have beard the reading of the Riot Act. Many assert that it was not read, but we have positive testimo ny to the contrary. We were returning and bad nearly reached Astor place again, when a second volley was fired, followed almost without pause by three or four others. A part of the crowd' came rushing down Lafayette. place, but there was no shout or noise except the deadly repOrt of the muskets. After this hOrrid sound had ceased, groups of people came along, bearing away, the.bodies of the dead and dying. The excitement of the crowd was terrible. We heard but one universal expression of vengeance and abhorrence. What adds to this tragic occurrence is that the most of those who were killed were innocent of all participation in the riot. An old man; waiting for the cars 'in the Bowery, was instantly shot dead. A little boy, eight years old, was killed by a ball, at the corner of Lafayette place, and a woman, sitting in her own room at the corner of Bowery, was shot in the side. Some 'of the bodies were carriedlinto Vaux• -hall, others into Jones' Hotel, and others to the city Hospital andtthe VariP,Siation House. , In the for rrier place weuraw a dead — man stretched on the bil liard table; land another with a ball in his hip, Writhing in great agony. -- Groups of : peoidejollected in the streets-and in front of Vau.V,WI,-some of which were addreesed by . slipakers, iisdling them to revenge the death- of the slain. One of IMi.:Matsell's officers told us that of 40 or 50 under arrest in a kincla pen down stairs, one Tappen had been arrested 'Main three monts on a charge of burglary.. Some had been ironed, but their irons were taken off. Bill Spark.s. a notorious character, Tom Burns, E. Z. Judson, editor of- Ned Buntline's Own, were among them. The National Greys and Police had possession of the House, and would remain all night. The Mayor, Gen. Sanford, and the Sheriff, were on the ground at the moment of the greatest diffi culty. Some artillerymen were there when we left. It is. impossible to ascertain to-night the number of dead and wounded; but we think we have 'posi tive evidence that at least itedec and perhaps four ken were either killed outright or died before one o'clock this morning. The number of wounded will vary from twenty to thirty, although many are not dangerously hurt: The military were severely pelted with stones, but none of them will be seriously injured. The Tribune gives the following as a pretty cor rect list of the killed and wounded, as tiu• as ascer tained : George Lincoln, :It/ years old. Ball in groin and out the back. No hopes of recovery James McDonald, 17 years old. Bull through the lot side. Bridget Fagan, Trish, 30 years old, shot in the LA leg, just below the knee. She was two blocks otr, walking with her husband on their way home, and fell into his arms. Edward McCormack, shot through the side. John Delzell, shot through the thigh, making a serious compound fracture. The same ball went through his hand. George A. Curtis, printer, shot through the right lung. Conrad Beeker, ball through the right thigh. Thomas Aviwood, clerk, ball through the thigh, fracturing the bone. Stephen Ellwood, ball entered the left eye and lodged near the ear. George N. Kay, 2S years of age, merchant, ball in the right breast, going entirely through. Henry Burguist, known as " Harry Bluff," ball grazed the neck, went into the right shoulder, com ing out behind the right arm. He had been depu tized as special policeman for the evening. S. F. Cornell, shot through the neck, severing the jugular vein ; died in the drug store corner of Fourth street and Broadway. • Henry Otten, was shot through the stomaeli, and died in 15th Ward Station House while we were there. His aged mother was present, and her lam entations were truly heart-rending. At the same Station House we saw a fireman name not known, who had just died from a shot through the brain. Frederick Gillespie, a boy, shot through the fog/, was taken home. There was another man lying dead from a/ball through the head. The Canimercial states the number of killed and wounded as follows: Killed 21—Wounde From the New York AtlasV A Reminiscence---Gen. „latch - son and the :United States' Bank. We do not recollect of ever seeing the following statement together with the letter accompanying it, in print. It is a part of one/of the numbers of The Reminiscences of the times of the late S. Q. Adams, by an Old Colony Man.'' It was whilst the bubbles / of the year 1.81.8-19 existed—as it was said—th / at Gen. Jackson imbibed a hostility for the Bank of the United States, and evinced it in a hundred,different ways and instances. He was, at the perd referred to, one of what was called the " C3TresS Land Company"—an as sociation that had been formed for the purpose of building a city called Florence, at the loot 01 the celebrated Muscle Shoal in the Tennessee River. These lands had been purchased at public vendue from the government of the United States, at a time when the public domain was sold at auction, for the most iyw•ould bring; and, in consequence of speculations, we run up to the most extravagant rates. Some of them, although they were yet cov ered wily the forest, and inhabited by a remnant of the Chickasaw Indians, sold as high as one hundred and , Seventy dollars the acre. These prices could no be maintained for any considerable period and, long before the company could bring in market, .they fell. to about nothing. The whole State or Alabama was involved in the deepest distress by the btirsting of the land bubble; and the Cypress Land Company felt most painfully the consequences of its ill-advised speculation. General John Coffee and Mr. James Jackson—a cousin of the General's—and Mr. John McKinly, now of the Suprethe Court of the United States, were managers of the Company. Its embarras ments were known to be great, and it was not im probable that, under the then existing land laws, all the property of the Company would be sacrificed to the government.' The Cypress Land Company was in a bad way, and General Coffee and Jackson held a long corres pondence touching the ways and means to be adopted, to save it from impending ruin: General Coffee proposed that the Bank of the United States should be applied to for a loan; but the proposition was met by General Jackson with flat and prompt refusal. That he did reject . the proposition of General Coffee, was, many years after, a question ; indeed, the alleged fact was con troverted incidentally, and informally, by a writer, who called himself " Down East.' It was whilst the correspondence in question was pending, that General Jackson addressed the follow ing letter to General Coffee: HERMITAGE, August 20, 1620 My Dear General shall be most happy to concur with you in any practicable scheme you may conceive tbr the benefit and salvation of the Cypress Land Company. The project of obtaining relief from Congress, by praying the passage of a law remitting penalties and sacrifices, I think is objectionable ; and it must always be offensive to honorable men to ask to be released from contracts into which they entered, in good faith, with their eyes wide open. It has been the fixed policy of my life to adhere to all contracts when they are honor ably made. And it appears to me that the man who complains that he has made a bad bargain, confesses a weakness and an absolute incapability for business. As for the Bank of the United States, I am so fully convinced that it is, and has been, from the day it was chartered, a curse to the country, and so well satisfied that the "monster' will yet, if not crashed in time, be capable of inflicting unmarked evils on the country, that J cannot consent, under any circumstances, to become its creditor or cus tomer. 4. I received the Rutta Baga, or Sw•eedish turnip seed, you sent me, and .shall experiment with it, on some of the waste lands of the Hermitage, this season. I am, my friend, yours very faithfully, ANDREW JACKSON. -- - . To Gen. Coffee, Cottage Lodge, Alabama. We have introduced the foregoing letter, to prove what wedonotthink can be well doubted—that Gen. Jackson was opposed to the Bank of the U. States, prior to the year 1829, at which time it is alleged, that, in consequence of the affair of the Portsmouth (New Hampshire) Bank, his unfriendliness for the institution first exhibited itself. I.r.r" Frederick Smith, the Germans who was ap prehended in Philadelphia a few months ago, char ged with the murdei of Frederick Foster, of Ahr estovim, Adams county, was arraigned for trial in the Court of Gettysburg, on the 19th ult., but in consequence of an informality in summoning the Jury, the prisoner's counsel succeeded in having the whole panel set aside, so that there was no jury to try the indictment. The case was put off until the August term KENTIICICT.--In the Ninth Congressional District of this State, says the N Y. Globe, there will be two Whig candidates--one Taylor, the other Clay. If the Democrats act wisely and vote for neither, but stick to their own candidate, we may gain another member of Congress. Take sides, friends, with neither Whig iaction. We have had our difficulties —their's are comthg. SENTENCES or Deem—Elder Enos George Dud ley, found guilty of the murder of his wife, in Con cord, N. H., was on Wednesday last sentenced to be hung on the 23d of May. Wood, the man con yicted in New York for the murder of his wife, is sentenced to be hung .on the 23d of June. JUNIATA COUNTI".—The Democrats of this coon. ty have appointed the Hon. TAMES R. Morturson Senatorial delegate to the Pittsburgh 4th of July - Convention, with instructions to support Joint . A. Got - Inc, Esq., for danal Commissioner. He was authorized to appoint a substitute in case he would not be able to attend. The following lettuilu t o of the party of who La neasteriano'fleiW:California last _,. January, takihi s , the:ro . afeltry•sea. It gives , an interesting aepouritig3,lfoir progress as fir as Rio. . i• r r BRIG ‘liailliteT.A." AT SEA, ? larth 1, 1849. S We are now witl,4lo*Alty's sail of Rio Ja neiro,-South AmeriO4filiftliifih klace we intend to stop for a few days orktieeir.;frnding it neces sary to do so, for the purttaking in a fresh supply of water and othertp*Saries; and fur ther, to assist in the inailigUration of " OLn ZACK," as we expect to arri-Wthere on Sun day the 4th. Being anxious to have:irattfieli leisure as pos sible, so as to be-able tc4txr. - Ati learn as much of Rio and vicinity, as can, I deemed it proper to commeiceony letter at Sea, giving you nn account of•tfie.,yoyage up to this time, leaving. my letter ophu. until then, and should I find time to write when there, I shall give. you a description ofififittlfface also, if not, 1 shall de so when we! get ttb;Valparniso, Chili, South America, our next :stopping place, about 95 days' sail from Rio.W After being disappoitita in: the sailing of ves sel from Philadelphia, It& thYs -in succession, we were again informed tinoliStite vessel would leavti early on Tnesilay mortiUg';Jan. 16th. Not believing lowover that she won get off ear/u, lee arose, and after taking /Weak - 111st at the White Swan," we leisfirely"-Satintered out on our way to the Race st. wharf to go on board the brig, our trunks and fixings having nearly all been put on board the evening balm Imme6i litely after leaving the " some one know ing us by our dress to be bofind fur California, sung out the Osceola's . gone!" thinking, how ever, that he intended te'sirp, Only what the .af fect, would be, we paid noattention to it until we turned the corner of the, Whairf—when to !and bahold ! the vessel was gone.' ;Woking down the Delaware we saw tier half a Mile ahead, gliding along, in tow of the city Ice-lioiit. We instantly took to our heels, and alth,Ofigli having on an overcoat, double-barreltodg,Wri and rifle on my shoulder, I outstripped all my'bompanions in the race. Arriving at South ,st., and seeing a boat tied to the wharf, I jumped in, offered a man fif ty cents to row me out ; immediately the oars Were seized and in twenty mi nu tes 1 overtook and stood on beard the "Brig," amid' 3 cheers from the passengers ; A few moments after my com panions came gliding out front the different wharves, one by one in the" same manner, and the Osceola" holding up it little, all hands got on hoard, after which the officers received curses enough I think to last them until they get to San Francisco, for the improper Instiller of leaving before all were on board; one person even find ing it necessary to hire a Steam-boat, paying 510 to overtake us and put him on board. We had considerable difficulty getting through the heavy masses of ice during the day, and arrived in the evening at New Castle; Dela ware, where we anchored for the night. ' After sppper the boat was lowered and all hands went on shore where we formed in procession;'sixty 'four passengers, headed by the bugle, fifes, ban jos, tamborines and triangles, took up their line. of march into tit! town of New Castle, all hands singing and playing "We're going to California with our wash bowls on, our knee," frightening the quiet citizens of Nirtkvi,Castle, as much as if we had been an army of urcusion. After march= ing through the principal atteets, we stopped at a public house, engaged a large room and music, and at it we went, danclng,singing, and enjoying ourselves until 2 o'clock, (every thing passing off peaceably) when we returned to the " Brig," resolved long to remember New Castle and the " last night on shore." Next day at evening we arrived at Breakwater, and had intended to go to Sea immediately, but finding the ocean stormy and high winds blowing on to the shore, we anchored inside for the night. The " Breakwater" is a large stone wall, built partly across the mouth of the Bay, for the pur pose of breaking the violence of the waves which roll in from the ocean. Inside of this wall, yes-, sels may at any time seek refuge and ride Safely at anchor during storm. Here vessels frequent ly lie at anchor for days awaiting a favorable . opportunity and a fair wind to take them out in to the -ocean, clear of the coast. (In Thursday morning, Jan. 18, the wind changed, and at 10 o'clock we raised anchor and glided out upon the ocean deep, bidding farewell to the land, and by 3 o'clock in the afternOon we were out of sight. By this . evening Jail. 18, Sea-sickness had Ihirly set in, all hands being sick at the same time ; a sickness (which defies description) attended with feelings the most mis erable the mind can form any conception of Some of the passengers had a .severe time of it, being scarcely over it yet; as, to myself, I got over it in a feiv dap, and since have been as hearty as a shark, having on appetite like -a cross-cut saw. Russel and my other companions - are in the same happy state. We experienced pretty rough weather until we had crossed the Gulf Stream, after which we got along finely until Monday morning, -Jan. 29th, when in N. Lat. 31 deg. 45 min. and W. Long. 52 der , . we found ourselves in a storm, which think passengers will not soon forget. A full description must be postponed till some fu ture time, but I shall content myself with giving an extract from my " Journal," which I have kept since I left home and intend doing so until return:—"l This morning a';perfect gale—tre mendous seas running—wav*lashing over the - vessel, every moment threatening-its destruction. 9 o'clock, great excitement; - all hands ordered on-deck to save the vessel from wreck by throw ing over the deck load with which the vessel had been encumbered ever since we left port. Im mediately alb hands fell to work, and in less than half an hour. :toting like madmen, with knives and axes in their hands, severadbundred boxes, barrels and, kegs were staved in 'and thrown overboard, containing bread, meat, flour, rico, molasses, &c., belonging to the ship and passen gers, with the frame work of two houses, thus lighting the vessel and enabling het: to ride out the storm in safety." After this we had very fine weather; general ly pretty fitir winds, except immediately under the equator, where we were becalmed three days' which you may well imagine made somo;ff us sweat, the heat being excessive. Since we have been out we haveseen frorn 20 to 20 vessels, and all those which sailed in the same direction with ourselves we have overtukeni and passed, thus proving that our vessel is gni& a fast sailer and ' not easily beaten, On the morning of the 19th :of February we found ourselves in the vicinity of a ship, (about 3 miles distant) steering in the same direction as ourselves. About 10 o'clock the wind died away and soon both vessels found themselves becalm ed. The stranger about this time hung out° her flag, which, with the aid of ourglassses, we found to he the " Stars and Stripes." A desire to have a chat with our countrymen was natural—per mission was obtained from the captain, the jolly boat lowered, when 17 of the .passengers, inclu ding myself, jumped in, and (LYN we went over the ‘• dark blue sea" to visit our neighbors. In about forty minutes we neared the vessel and saluted her with three cheers and music, the " Star Spangled Boner" on the bugle. Three cheers greeted us in return, and a more hearty welcome I never received. She was the Bark ".Croton," of New York, Capt. Soullard, with some sixty-five Yankees on hoard, like ourselves hound for California. Wo were invited by the captain to take dinner with them, which we did, and spent several hours very pleasantly and formed a number of acquaintances ; among oth ers, three gentlemen (brothers) by the name of Ford, cousins to Geo. Ford, of Lancaster. number of her passengers accepted an invitation to visit our ship in return, and the whole of the afternoon was thus spent in exchanging visits, being altogether the pleasantestday we have yet had. Nqt like strangers, but like a meeting of old friends, laughing, joking and jesting, drink ing, feasting, music and dancing was the order of the day, and ill hearts were.glad until night approached, when we parted with regret, hoping however to meet again on California's shore.— During the night a breeze sprung up, and next morning we had left them itimest out of sight.— Next day, Feb. 20th, saw several large - sharks near the ship, and had the good hick to catch one of them, which upon measurement proved 7 feet 2 in. in length. Pieces of the backbone, jaw bone, skin and teeth I took care to secure for my self to place among my collectionof curiositifS. As to the kind of living which we get, r can say that it is decidedly " hard," being nothing like that prorhised us, yet it answers the pur pose very well, as we are really growing fat up on it, and having started with the expectation of seeing 'pretty hard living, we set this down as doing pretty well for the first lesson. As to our spirits, I 'can safely say that they are as high as ever, and seem even to be increasing the nearer we approach our destination. We are fully, f - firmly, determinedly resolved that if the yankee spirit of enterprise, determination, exertion and a dogged perseverance can succeed, that we will, We shall not confine 'ourselves to any ono busi ness in particular, but shall turn our attention to whatever we can do best at, and after the true yankee character shape ourselves to every posi tion, and if one business don't go another must: As to the manner of spending our time on hoard, it is generally done in reading, writing, studying Spanish and practising music. We have quite a large number of musical instruments on board, a few tolerable good musicians, and a number of capital singers. Every fine evening, (and we have some delightful ones,) finds us all' on deck singing, accompanied by the instruments and seldom do we " turn in" before the hours of midnight. The'city of Rio Janeiro is the largest port and, one of the largest and most magnificent cities in America, containing five years ago in ,tlie city' : proper 200,000 inhabitants, and if we Include the small yillagesuponthe outskirts and suburbs
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