Whole No. 2592, J. iU!LU, 2-S3 s£2T O / \FFICEon East Market street, Lowistown, adjoining F. G. Franciscus' Hardware Store. P. S. Dr. Locke will he at his office the first Monday of each month to spend the week. my 31 DR. A. J. ATKINSON, HAVING permanently located in Lewis town, offers his professional services jo the citizens of town and country. Office West Market St., opposite Eisenbise's Hotel. Residence one door east of George Rlymyer. Lcwistown, July 12, 18G0-r.tf Dr. Samuel L. Alexander. a Has permanently located at Milroy, is prepared to practice all the branch is es of his Profession. Office at Swine- Jiart's Hotel, my3-ly EDWARD FRYSINGER, WHOLESALE DEALER & MAAIFACTE RER OF CIGARS, TOBACCO, SMJFF, &c., &C., Orders promptly attended to. je-lG GEO. W. ELDER, Attorney at Law, Office Market Square, Lewistown, will at tend to business in Mlffiin,Centre and Hunting don counties. o*>'26 Seigrist's Old Stand, At ar the Canal Bridge, Pa. Strong Beer, Lager Beer, Lindenberger and Switzer Cheese—all of the best quality constantly on band, for sale wholesale or re tail. Yeast to be bad daily during summer. my'24-yr WcALISTERVILLE ACADEMY Juniata County, Pa. GEO. F. OIcFARL.LVD, Principal Promit tor. JACOB MILLER, Prof. of Jfiss .iVA7£ S. CRIST, Teacher of Music, S,-c. The next session of this Institution com mences on the 26th of July, to continue 22 weeks. Students admitted at any time. A Normal Department will be formed which will afford Teachers the best opportunity of preparing for fall examina tions. A NEW APPARATUS has been purchased, Lecturers engaged, &c. TERMS —Boarding, Room and Tuition, per session, sssto S6O. Tuition alone at usual rates. it=f"Circulars sent free on application. SILVER PLATED WARE, BY HARVEY FfLJLE*, No. liid Market Stmk Philadelihia, MANUFACTURER OP Fme Xickel Silver, and Silver Plater of Forks, Spoons, Ladles, Butter Knives, Castors, Tea Sets, Urns, Kettles, Waiters, But ter Dishes, lee pitchers, Cake Baskets, Communion Ware, Cups, Huys, Goblets, dec. With a general assortment, comprising none but the '•~r </t lality. made of the best mntermls and heavily [>ta '•<. constituting them a serviceable mid durable article /or Hotels. Steamboats and Private Families. 01.l Ware re-plated ill the best manner. feb23-ly WILLIAM LIND, has now open A NEW STQPK OF Cloths, Cassimeres AND VESTINCS, which will he made up to order in the neat est and most fashionable styles. ,{ipl9 New Fall and Winter Goods. 1) F. ELLIS, of the late firm of McCoy Y & Ellis, has just returned from the city with a choice assortment o,f Dry Goods and Groceries, seleeted with care and purchased for cash, which are offered to the public at a small ad vance on cost. The stock of Dry Goods em braces all descriptions of Fall and Winter Goods suitable for Ladies, Gentlemen and Children, with many new patterns. His comprise Choice Sugars, Molasses, Java, Rio ind Laguyra Coffee, superior Teas, 4c. Also, Boots and Shoes, Queqnsware, and all other articles usually found in stores—all which the customers of the late firm and the public general are invited to examine. R. F. Country Produce received as usual and the toll market price allowed therefor. Lewistown, October 25, 1860. AILS, Spikes, 4c.—A large and full as | ' sortment of Duneannon Nails and Spikes. Also a fall assortment of Jacks, Screws, Ac. ror sale by Q 029 JOHN KENNEDY A CO. FRESH Raisins, Dried Fruit, Nuts, Can dies and Fancy-Candy Joys at wholesale to country stores and confectioneries can be ad at A. Felix's, at aamgll advance on city prices, far-saah. ' •' 7 JT> centa per gallon for best Coal Oil, at F. G. FRANCISCUS'S iisjis) ipwiEHflSsmisiD grsr sii@2£(S'i£ scnsiFiLiEss IP^O THE GAZETTE* The Patriot Wool and the Traitor Floyd. Among the articles laid over last week lor want of room, was the correspondence between Mr. Floyd, late Secretary of War. and Mr. Buchanan, the latter having ac cepted the former's resignation with a tart ness far more becoming a President than his sorrowful parting with Cobb. This correspondence reveals the fact that Mr. Buchanan had been induced to tamper with the Southern tories engaged in the disun ion scheme, and it may yet be well with Jlim if lie awakes from his lethargy in time to avoid a civil war. No man of common sense note doubts that if the three forts in Charleston harbor had been garris oned, even with a lew companies in each, the rebellion in South Carolina would have resulted as harmlessly as it did in 1532. But traitorous counsels prevailed, and up to a very regent period, the four great de partments of t}>e government, which con trol its patronage and direct its most impor tant operations, the War, Navy, Treasury, and Interior Departments, have been com pletely under the control of men who fully sympathised with the disunion movement, and did all in their power to aid it. It cannot be doubted nosy that llorvell Cobb and Secretary Floyd have cone all they could to help the secessionists—indeed they would rather glory in than deny their af filiation with them. Mr. Thompson, Sec retary oi the Interior, has also warmly fav ored their movement, and will probably leave the cabinet, if Mr. Buchanan sus tains Major Anderson, as soon as the cir cumstances connected with the abstraction of the Indian trust bonds are investigated. Mr. Thomas, the new Secretary"of the Treas ury, fully sympathizes with Mr. Thompson. Mr. Toucy has made such a disposition of the naval forces as to render them as use less and unavailable as possible in any sud den emergency upon our coast which may arise. No government, says the Press, was ever more completely betrayed in the hands of its foes. A parallel for such t.eachery can only be found in some of the plots and counterplots of ancient Rome or tbg in trigues of military leaders and political as pirants in France during her revolutionary struggles. SECRETARY' FI.OYD TO TFLF. PRESIDENT. WAR DEPARTUEN'JP. Jjtec. 29, IS*O. SIK: On the morning of the 27th inst., I j read the following paper to you in the pres ence of the Cabinet: COUNSEL CUAMPE.?, EXECUTIVE MAN'SIOX. SIR : It is evident now from the action of ■ the Commander of Fort Moultrie, that the j solemn pledges of the Government have been violated by Major Anderson, In wyjudg | ment but one remedy is now left us by which to vindicate our honor and prevent civil war. It is in vain now to hope for confidence on ; the part of the people of South Carolina in any further pledges as to the action of the mil itary. One remedy is left, and that is to with draw the garrison from the harbor "f Charles ton altogether. I hope the President will al ! low me to make that order at once. This ; order, in my judgement, .can alone prevent ; bloodshed and civil war. (Signed,) JOHN B. FLOYD, Secretary of War. I then considered the honor of the Admin istration pledged to maintain the troops in the position they occupied, for such had been the assurances given to the gentlemen of , South Carolina, who had a right to speak for | her. South Carolina, on Hie other hand. gave reciprocal pledges that no force should j be brought by them against the troops or i against the property of tiie United States.— The sole object of both parties in these recip rocal pledges was to prevent a collision and the effusion of blood, in the hope that some means -might be found for a peaceful accom j modation of the existing troubles, the two houses of Congress having both raised Com | mittees looking to that object. Jhus affairs stood till the action of Major Anderson, taken unfortunately while the Com missioners were on their way to this Capitol on a peaceful mission looking to the avoid ance of bloodshed, has complicated matters in the existing manner. Our refusal or even delay to place affairs back as they stood un der our agreement, invites g collision, and must inevitably inaugurate .civil war. I can not consent to be the agent qf snob calamity. I deeply regret that I feel my self under the necessity of tendering to you my resignation as Secretary of \ T < ar, because I can ne lon ger hold it under my convictions of patriot ism, nor with honor, subjected as I am to a violation of solemn pledges and plighted faith. With the highest personal regard, I am most truly yours, " JOHN B. FLOYD. To His Excellency the President of the Uni ted States. THE PRESIDENT'S REPLY. WASHINGTON, Dec. 31, 18£6. Mr DEAR SIR : I have received and accep ted your resignation of the office of Secretary of War, apd not wishing to impose opon you the task of performing its mere routino du ties, which you have so kindly offered.to do, .1 have authorized Postmaster General .Holt to .administer the affairs of the Department .until your shall be appointed. Yours, very respectfully, JAMES BUCHANAN. Hon John B. Floyd, - THURSDAY, JANUARY 10, 1861, POSITION OF OF.N. JOHN K. WOOL, fn strong contrast with the traitorous epistle above, we give an extract from a letter of (Jen. John F. Wool, a democrat more than spoken of for President, tp Mr. Cass, dated Troy, Dec. 0, 18G0. " South Carolina says she intends to leave the lnion. Iler Representatives i,a Congress say she has already left the Union, it would seem that she is neither tp be conciliated or comforted. 1 command the Eastern Depart ment. which includes South Carolina, Geor gia, Florida. Alabama and Mississippi. You know me well, I have ever been a firm, de cided, faithful, and devoted friend of my country. II 1 can aid the President to pre serve th ; Union. I hope he will command my services. It will never do for him or you to leave IVashington without every star in this 1 nion is in its place. Therefore, no time should be lost in adopting measures to defeat those who are conspiring against the Union. Hesitancy or delay may be no less fatal to the Union than to the President, or your own , high standing as a statesman, i "It seems to me that troops should he sent to Charleston to man the Forts in that har ! bor. You have eight companies at Fort Mon roe, \a. Lltree or f,or i f these c inpanies should be sent without a moment's delay to Fort Moultrie. It will save the Union and the President much trouble. It is said that to send at this time troops to that harbor, would produce great excitement among the ' people. That is nonsense, when the people ; are as much excited as they can be, and the leaders are determined to execute their long meditated purpose of separating the State from the Lnion. So long as you command ; the entrance to the city of Charleston, South j Carolina cannot separate herself from the j Lnion. Do not leave the forts in the harbor in a condition to induce an attempt to take ! possession of them. It might easily be done lat this tipje. If South Carolina should take them, it might, as she anticipates, induce other States to join her. : -'Permit me to entreat you to urge the Pres ident to send at once three or four companies .of Artillery to Fort Moultrie. The Union ] can be preserved, but it requires firm, dcci . ded, prompt and energetic measures on the ; part of the President. lie has only to exert the power conferred on him by the Constitu tion and laws of Congress, and all will be ' safe, and lie will prevent a civil war. which never fails to est 1 1 forth all the baser passions ! of the human heart." lit another letter to a friernl at Wash ington, the eld soldier speaks as follows: TROY, Dec. 31, ISGO. My Dear Sir. —South Carolina, after twen ty seven years—.Mr. Rhett says thirty years - of constant and unceasing efforts by her leaders to induce her to secede, has declared herself out of the Union ; and this, too, with out the slightest wrong or injustice done her people on the part of the Government of the United States. Although she may have seiz ed the revene cutter, and her treasonable Pal metto flag flies over the United States Arse nal, the Custom House, Post Office, Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie, she is not out of the Union, nor beyond the pale of the .United States. Before she can get out of their jurisdiction or control, a reconstruction of the Constitution must be had, or civil war ensue. In the latter case, it would require no prophet to foretell the result. It is reported that Mr. Buchanan has re ceived informally the Commissioners appoint ed by the rebels of South Carolina to negoti ate for the public property in the harbor of Charleston, and for other purposes. It is al so reported that the President disapproved of the conduct of Major Anderson, who being satisfied that he would not be able to defend Fort Moultrie with the few men under his command, wisely toot possession of Fort Sumter, where he could protect himself and the country from the disgrace which might have occurred if he had remained in Fort Moultrie, Being the coipmande.r in the har bor, he had the right to occupy Fort Sumter, an net which the safety of the Union, as well as his own honor, demanded. It is likewise stated that apprehensions are entertaiued that Major Anderson will be required to abandon Fort Sumter and reoceupy Fort Moultrie. There can be no foundation for such appre hensions, for surely the President would not surrender the citadel ofi he harbor of Charles ton to rebels. Fort Suui.ter commands the entrance, and in a few hours could demolish Fort Moultrie. So long as the United States keeps posses sion of this fort, the independence of South Carolina will only be in name, and not in fact. If, however, it should be surrendered to South Carolina, which 1 do not apprehend, the smothered indignation of the Free States would be roused beyond control. It would not be in the power of an}' one to restrain it. In twenty days two hundred thousand men would be in readiness to take vengeance on all who would betray the Union into the hands of its enemies. Be assured that Ids not exaggerate the feelings of the people. They are already sufficiently excited at the attempt to dissolve the Union for no otner rea son than that they constitutionally exercised the most precious right conferred upon them —of voting for the person whom they consid ered the most worthy and best qualified to fill the office of President. Fort Sumter, therefore, ought not, and I presume will not, be delivered over to South Carolina. I am not, however, pleading for the Free States, for they are not in danger, but for the Union and the preservation of the Cotton States. Those who sow the wind must expect to reap the whirlwind. The leaders of South : Carolina could not have noticed that we live in an age of progress, and that all Christen dom is making rapid strides in the march of civilization and freedom. If they had, they would havo discovered that the announce ment of every victory obtained by the hero of the nineteenth centory, Garibaldi, in favor of the oppressed of Italy, did not fail to elec trify every American heart with joy and glad ness. " Where liberty dwells, there is my country," was the declaration of the illustri ous Franklin. This principle is too strongly imparted in the heart and mind of every man in the Free States to be surrendered because South Carolina desires it in order to extend the area uf slavery. M itli all Christianized Europe, and nearly all the civilised world opposed to slavery, arc the Southern States prepared to set aside the barriers which shield and protect their insti tutions under the L nitcd States Government? Would the separation of the South from the North give greater security to slavery than it has now under the constitution of the Union? What security would they have for the return of runaway slaves? I apprehend none, whilst the number of runaways would be greatly augmented, and the difficulties of which slaveholders complain would be in creased ten fold. However much individu als might condemn slavery, the free States are prepared to sustain an J defend it, as guar anteed by the constitution. In conclusion, I would avoid the bloody and desolating example of the Mexican States.— I am now, and forever, in favor of the Un ion, its preservation, and the rigid mainten ance of the rights of the States, individually as well as collectively. Yours, &c., JOHN E. WOOL. ho icd by A. Smith, I ;o,u Superintendent. * For tiio Educational Column. AFTER SCHOOL. In my .-"'liootrooiii. <>id and dreary, With its dark and time-worn walls, Oft at eve. while worn and weary With the weight of fare and toil, Mem'ry, from her silent chambers, Gently becks my spirit's gaze, Inward to the hidden record. Kept of all life'e changing ways. As I turn my inward vision To tiie newly-written leaf.' Filled with varied forms of fancy,— Some of joy. and some of grief, Then I sec, agaiilf liefore mo, Vonthjui spirits, fair and bright,— Childhood's features, wreathed in sunshine. Beaming with their pure smile-light. Happy voices, joyous laughter, King upon my listening ear; Loving words, and deeds of kindness. Come, like balm, my heart to cheer. And I raise my heart still swelling, Full of grateful praise above, Tli v t the dear good Father sends us Childhood's smiles of light and love. A Word on Certificates. Experience proves what common sense readily admits, that a good teacher will have a good school, whatever the charac ter or qualifications of those who have taught before him. He may not, it is true, be able to have advanced scholars, but he will have order, system, and all circumstan ces that favor progress in the schoolroom. Of course the action of directors and of parents is quite important; but when a good teacher makes a request, it is very likely to be granted ; he inspires confidence by his .evident intelligence, and secures co operation that would be denied to a poor teacher. Let this fact be universally known by teachers, and let it Le seriously consid ered ; ILe good teacher lias a <jaod school. To render a teacher good, two things are all-important; namely, sufficient knowledge and skill in imparting instruction and con trolling a school. The first of these, suf ficient knowledge, can be acquired by any person of sound mind; all that is necessary is a determination to have it and patient perseverance until the object is gained. 11" it can be acquired and is not, what is the natural and just inference? That the person who neglects to gain it, is not fit to teach. Turning the .question a little; what, then, ought to be true of every per son in this county who is now teaching, but has not the recognized testimonial of suf ficient knowledge, namely, the Profession al Certificate? That he is diligently avail ing himself of all opportunities to increase his knowledge; that iie is studying those branches in which he is deficient; that he is active interested in District 4sso.-pia tions. Are all those teachers in the county who hold Professional Certificates, thus seeking to improve and qualify themselves for any common school, so that their fitness as teachers shall be unquestionable ? Directors and parents have a right to claim that you be fully qualified before you assume to instruct. The law ef this State requires it. What, then, is your duty? It is part of my official duty to see that no persons teach without sufficient knowl edge. So, as a natural consequence, it is wholly proper for me to urge teachers to secure full, unquestionable qualifications for their duties, Unh knowledge and skik in teaching. I propose to hold a public Examination sometimp ia the coming Spring, after the schools are closed, of those who are dispos ed then to apply for Professional Cer tificate. Early notice of my intention is given to afford applicants time to review what they think needs reviewing, and to study whatever they know is wanting. It is expected that applicants will at that time present an essay on some educational topic, partly to show their habit of thought, part ly to evince their proficiency in practical grammar. It should be understood that Profession al Certificates will be given to them, and only to those, who on examination shall proxe their fitness for it. ' A word to the wise is sufficient j* to those jsho are not wise, something else remains to be said hereafter. AZARIAH SMITH. I COMiimCATtOfl t PROCEEDINGS 0? THE FIFTH AN NUAL TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION. LIST OF MEMBERS PRESENT. Lewi.-.t >wn —Mary E. Shaw, Jane A. Kerr, Mary E. Stewart. Kate E. Stuubcr, Josephine Atkinson, Mary Miller, Martha Stoner, Indi ana Liberty, Lizzie McEwen, TiilieOhls, Az : ariuh Smith, P. P. llutts. Joseph Gray, jr., Charles Newman, Joseph S. Waream, M. J. Smith, J. A. MoKee, John Clark, William W. Evans. Armagh—J. M. Bell, Iliram McClenahen, ; A. G. Dickey. Brat ton—Rebecca Fritz, Thos. McCord. j Brown—Rachel Zook, Robert Sterrett. l>erry—Robert Keevcr, M. Mohler. Granville—Annie W. Creswell, G. W. , Soult, G. I>. Penepacker, W. S. Wilson, G. S. Myers. Menno—Leah Hooley. Oliver—G. 11. Swigart. W. L. Owens, Geo. I F. Davenport, Jacob R, Kiiott. Union—Salome Zook, J. K. Ilartzler, D. | 11. Zook, .0. Gardner, W. K. Stroup, John ! Fry. Wayne—J. N. Posthlethwait, Elias Pene i packer, A. W. Decker. McVeytown—Elizabeth Lcattor, G. liana j wait, S. Z. Sharp. Newton Hamilton—Bell Morrison, Eliza beth E. Burkholder, G. B. Dunmire. Blair County—Mary McCord. According to announcement the Associa tion met at Lewistown, December 27. ISGO, in the Town Hall, at three o'clock P. M., the President, W. K. Stroup, in the chair, and was opened by him with a brief address on the value of such meetings as these, end the I necessity of individual and united effort in or der to make the exercises profitable and inter | esting. Y. W. Johnston, Secretary of the Assncia / tion, having resigned, and both Vice Presi i dents being absent, the President appointed Wm. W. Evans Secretary, and Kate E. Stau ; ber and S. Z. Sharf Vice Presidents. Owing to the severe illness of Robert 11. McCord, W. S. Wilson was appointed to fill bis place on the Executive Committee. The minutes of the last annual meeting | having been read, new members were recciv j ed. Miss Mary E. Shaw was appointed Crit ic for the day. The time for holding the ses sions was fixed as follows: Morning session from 9 to 12 o'clock; afternoon from 1 to 4 o'clock : evening to commence at G-j o'clock. Mr. John Clark was requested to conduct the | mnical exercises of the Association. The question, Resolved, That the power and duty of elevating the standard of Educa tion in community, belong principally to the teachers cf common schools, was discussed by Messis. Azariali Smith, S. Z. Sharp, D. 11. Zook, and A. G. Dickey. The Executive Committee announced the order of exercises for the evening. The hour for adjournment having arrived, the Association adjourned. ' EVENING SESSION. Association was opened with prayer by Mr. J. M. Bell. Music by the teachers. The roll was called, and minutes of the previous meeting read and corrected. Jly. S. Z. Sharp then delivered a very interesting lecture on Geology. An essay was road by W. S. Wil son. Subject—" Evils of irregular attend ?.nc,c of pupils at school/' Music by teach ers, which was fulfewvd by the reading of an essay by Miss Salome &ook. Subject—"A teacher's position." A Manuscript Paper was then read by Miss Mary Stewart and J. K. Ilartzler, editors. The question, " How can whispering in school best be prevented, or properly controled," was discussed by Messrs. J. K. Ilartzler, G. 11. Swigart, J. M. Bell, 11. McClenahen, A. G. Dickey, S. Z. Sharp, W. W. Evans, W. K. Stroup, and Miss Kate E. Stauber. The further discus sion of the question was postponed. On mo tion, the (President was requested to appoint four Committees—one on finances, one on res olutions, ODe on nominating officers for the en suing year, and one on procuring new mem befs. The President appointed as Committee on finance, A. G. Dickey, 11. McClenahen, and JJary Miller, and as Committee on pro curing new members, Mary McCord and J. N. Posthlewait. On motion Association ad journed. SECOND DAY—MORNING SESSION. i-he Association met at the appointed hour, and was opened with prayer by Mr. M. J. Smith. Music by the teachers. The roll was called and the minutes of the previous session read and approved. Miss Shaw, Crilic for yesterday, made report, and Miss Lizzie McEwen appointed Critic tor the day. The President announced as Committee on resolutions, Salome Zook, Beckie Fritz, and J. M. Bell; as Committee on nominations, D. H. Zook, Bell Morrison, and Mary S. Shaw, after which was a,n exercise in Grammar, du ring which Messrs. A. G. Dickey, Mi J. Smith, and S. Z. Sharp explained their methods of teaching the analysis of Sentences. There ' was much discussion on the subject, and the j exercise very profitable. Association ad- j journed. AFTERNOON SESSION. Met at the hour, President in the chair. Music by the teachers. Minutes of the morn ing session on their reading were approved, j Ad exercise in Arithmetic was engaged in by ; Messrs. M. J. Smith, S. Z- Sharp, A. G. Dick- i ey, J. K. Hartxler, W. S. Wilson, W. K. Stroup, Chas. Newman, C. B. Dunmire, and Miss Mary MeCord. During this exercise different methods of teaching the primary principles were fully illustrated and\ejamin ed ; also the manner of conducting recitations, and-black-board exercises. Recess. Music by teachers. The question, Resolved, "that the power and duty of elevating the standard of Education in community belong,principal ly to teachers of common schools," which was discussed yesterday afternoon, was taken up, and a discussion on it was engaged in by Messrs. J. K. Hartzler, G. W. Soult, W. Ow ens, J. N. Posthlewait, D. 11. Zook, W. S. Wilson, and W. K. Stroup, after which Hon. Thos. H. Burrowes, State Superintendent, ad dressed the teachers for a few moments. The Executive Committee announced the exercises for the evening. Association adjourned. EVENING SESSION. The Association wafe opened with prayer New Series—Vol, XV, No. 10, I by t!ie llev. M. Leithead. The roll was cal led, the members responding with sentiments. The minutes of the afternoon session worq j read and corrected. An essay was then read by Miss Martha Stoner. Subject—" Human Majesty." Miss Mary 11. Stewart and Mr. J. K. llartzler, editors pf'the Manuscript Pa per, read several interesting articles. The Hon Thos. 11. fjurroprps, State Superintend ent, delivered a qjost excellent and interesting lecture, lie opened with an account of the i rise and progress of the common school sys | tent: and then addressed himself more espe [ cially to tire teachers, lie explained the orig inal intent of the School Law in the granting ■ of certificates —to grant none except profes : sional ones ; hut the county Superintendents believing a lack of teachers cniUleU $o such certificates, in convention, adopted the sysfeni of granting provisional one?, with the con i sent of the State Superintendent lie stated that after a few years, none excer. ' profession al certifieates would be given. He concluded his remarks with some earnest appeals to | ministers and parents, showing their relation ! to the schools, and the position they occupy for the right training of the young. On mo tion, the thapke of flip Association were ten dered to the speaker for his excellent lecture. On motion. Association adjourned to meet next morning at 8A o'clock. THIRD DAI"'— 4OB.\"IXO SXSSICN. Assoc.ation was opened with prayer Lv W. W. Evans. Roll was cailcd. Mr. A. Smith, County Superintendent, then addressed the teachers, lie spoke of the condition of the various schools in the county; how they might be im proved; hat was expected of the teachers; and affirmed his intention of raising the stan dard of qualification for certificates higher ihaij it has heretofore been, filiss £iisxie 3d cowers, the Critic for yesterday, then made report; after which, there was taken up the subject of reading, when Mr. Sharp and others show ed their manner of teaching this branch of study. The chairman of the Committee of finances reported op the condition of the Treasury, and tire funds of the Association being inadequate to defray the expenses of the session, a tax of 10 cents was laid upon each member. The Chairman of Committee on nominations reported the following officers: Pres, A.G. Dickey. For Vice Presidents, J. M. Bell, Annio W. Creswell. Secretary, Geo. II Swigart. Treasure?, SJartha §toner. Exec utive Committee, J. K. Ilartzler, Mary Mc- Cord, W. S. Wilson. The Association then proceeded to the elec tion of officers, when *1 those nominated by the Committee for the several offices were unanimously elected. It was, on motion, de cided that hereafter the officers elect should enter their respective offices at the beginning of each annual meeting of the Association. The Secretary was instructed to prepare a concise statement of the proceedings of the Association, and forward it to the editor of the Pennsylvania School Journal. The Committee on resolutions ptde report, and the following were severally adopted: Resolved, That it is the duty of eveyy teach er to avail himself of every opportunity fc acquire a knowledge of the best methods of imparting instruction to pupils, and preserv ing good order lb school. Resolved, That the power and duty of ele vating the standard of education in a commu nity belong principally to the teacher. Resolved, That regulations against whis pering should be adopted in every school;, that it is the duty of teachers to use their ut most endeavors to give efficiency to those reg ulations. Resolved, That it is the imperative duty of all persons who desire to teach, to qualify themselves for the Professional Certificates as speedily as possible. Resolved, That there ought to be in some Academy of this county a Normal Depart ment, for the special benefit of those who de sire to qualify themselves fully fir the dnti.ep of teachers in the common schools of the county. Resolved, That the dcterminatiqa of tho County Superintendent to elevate the grade of certificates meets tjhe aprobaj.io.n Cp" t,he teachers present at this Association. Resolved, That the Phonetic Method of teaching children to read commends itself to all who are interested in public schools, and we urge the teachers to investigate it. Jiesolved, That a copy of the proceedings of this Association be furnished iho coun j ty papers for publication. Salome ZOOK, 1 Rebbcca Fritz, \ Committee J. M. Bei.L, J The minutes of this and the previous pes -1 sion were read and approved. Association adjourned sine die. WM. W. EVANS, Secretary. For the Gazette. i slJ\ Editor; —l wish to &ok a few ques tion's, not directly relating to politics, nor : expecting any reply, but to call attention to some principles of morality and decency 1 which are readily acknowledged to be true I by all ladies and gentlemen, not to add | Christians: Are negroes human beings '! If so, by ' what semblance of right are they treated : like brutes? Have they rational and ini i mortal souls? If so, are their souls to hi | saved in the same way, by the same means, i by which the souls of whites are to be I sav-ed ? In other words, did Christ die for their redemption just as really as ours? If so, is it probable that he tgkas just the same degree of interest in their welfare, and in all means adopted for their conver sion and Christianization, which ,be takes in the case of the whites? Are Sunday Schools good agencies in white congrega tions, anjl bad in colored congregations, or equally good in both ? If equally good, does the kind of instruction given, or the intelligence of the instructor make any dif ference ? If an instructor be jnore efficient for good, is there any impro priety in a white person volunteering to aid ki the Sunday School, or shall we, in a bland way, leave people Jo Provi dence, and proudly go ty on the other side, scorning to evince any sympathy or care far
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