Whole No, 2589. i>ik ibjiii, *JD LSd <o* UL S3 „ vFFICE on Eat Market street, Lewis town, \ / adjoining F. G. FrancLseus' Hardware Store. P- S. I>r. Locke will be at bis office ibe first Monday of o.;ch mouth to upeud the week. my 31 Z)H. A. J. ATIIIICSOrj, HAVING permanently located in Lewis town, offers his professional services >u the citizens of town and country. Office West Market St., opposite Risenbisc's Hotel. Residence one door east of Georgo Blvinver. Lewistown, July 12, IbGO-tf Dr. Samuel L. Alexander. (i Has permanently located at Milrnj, &F and is prepared to practice nil the branch es of his Profession. Office at Swine hart's Hotel. my3—ly EDWARD FRYSINGER, WHOLESALE DEALER & MAATFACTIRER or CIGARS, TOBACCO, SMJFP, &C., &C., SffiWHSOTvlWSrs 3>&o Orders promptly attended to. jelo GEO. 7 r. ELDER, Attorney at Law, Office Market Square, Lewistown, will at tend to hti-ines* in Mifflin, Centre and Hunting don counties. njy26 Soigrist's Cld Stand, .\'ar the Canal Bridge, Lewistown, Pa. Strong Boer, Lager finer, Lindenberger and Switzer Cheese—all of the best quality constantly on hand, for sale wholesale or re tail. Yeast to be had daily during summer. rnv24-vr McALISTERVILLE ACADEMY Juniata Count), I*a. pF.O F. McF.lßl-IXD, Principal Proprietor. JACOB MILLER, Penf. rf M.ill-,i>nutics, i;c .V'ijj .IXXIE S. CRIST, Teacher of Music, fee. The next session of this Institution com mences on the :26th of July, to continue 22 weeks. Students admitted at any time. A Normal Department will be formed which will afford Teachers the het opportunity of preparing for fall examina tions A NEW APPARATUS has been purchased, Lecturers engaged, Ac. THRMS —Boarding. Room ur.d Tuition, per imion,§sslo §6O. Tuition alone at usual rates. sent free on application. SILVER PLATED WARE, 111 HARVEY FILLLY, \o. 12ii Market Street, Pliiladeljhio, MANLT.VCTURF.U cr Fine Xirkel Stiver, and Silver Plater of Forks, Spoons, Ladles, Butter A'fives, Castors, T< a Sets, lons, Kettles, Waiters, But ter Dishes, Ice Pitchers, Cake Baskets. Communion Ware, Cups, Mugs, Goblets, d'c. *ith a general assortment, comprising nor* be! the le*t nvvd.i ol" fh bat materials ana henrihj p'a '•*' ' instituting tlusn a serviceable and durable article uoteis. Steamboats and Private Families. 014 Ware re-piated IU the best manner. feb2S-1y WSLLSAM LSiMD, has now open A NEW STOCK OF Cloths, Oassimeres AND VESTI n c s, which will be made up to order in the neat and most fashionable styles. aplO LEWI STOW N AC A DEMY TMIE Winter Session commenced on MON DAY, November 19th. We are happy announce to those desiring instruction in that we have secured the cervices of -Miss S. E. Yanduzer fop another year. Wo also employed Miss Nettie Stray as Pre csptress, a successful teacher, who comeß to u ' with the best recommendations. We shall aim to make this institution equal lr > ail respects to any in this section of the State. lhankful for past patronage, we respect ,u'!y solicit a continuauce of the pa:se. Hates of Tuition, $3.00, $-1.50, $6.00 per quarter. Incidentals 25c per quarter. Primary Department . —A Primary Depart ment will be opened in this Academy on the 'h sf October, for all grades of email gcjiol ars A Number of scholars limited to twenty. Drawing and Painting. —An excellent teacher of Drawing and Painting has been en who will commence giving lessons in 080 branches October 10th. Specimens can seen at the Academy. for further particulars inquire of M. J. SMITH, n02 2 Principal. IV AILS, Spikes, Ac.—A large and full as ■f ' "Ortment of Duncannon Nails and Spikes. so a lull assortment of Tacks, Screws, Ac. 'or sale by _no29 JOHN KENNEDY A CO. C°„ AL . Oil Lamps, Shades, Chimneys, brushes, Burners, Ac., Ac., for sale by JOHN KENNEDY A Co. i 1 0AL OlL—the very best article in use at \ J B *p6 F. J. HOFFMAN'S. tPILHSJffiSJE ASKS IPIS'IgRiHSIIIIiIB 2SW ®S®!E(g.l§ 3J : IE , 2'SESS'@S!Es SSHIHMhSSJ (KEtffSKPWa IPAfo THE wm wm 3'iDni, With its recnt supply of New Goods, both cheap and good, can compete with any in Ladie's Wear of all kind*, ; comprising many new and beautiful patterns. The assortment of CLOTHS, CASSIMEBBS. SATINETS, j and other Goods for gen'leniens' wear is such as will hardly fail to phase, C^E^OOIEIILXESS, qi EE* SWIRE, UILLOWWAUE. TABLE CITLLRY, &. Together with all other aitielea usually j kept in a first class Dry Goods and Grocery ! i''>taiili.-uinent. | 86L.W00l aud Country Produce generally ; taken in exchange for goods. J The public are respectfully invited tu call ; and examine inv stock. n029 ' S. J. BRISBIN. moils* MM embracing in part 1 French and Printed Merinos, i Plain and Printed Merinos, Plain and Printed all wool Dclanex, Morello Cloths, Mohairs. Mohair for Traveling Dresses, Common De/qnes, Woollen Plains, Common Co'ourgs, | The largest, neat est. best and cheapest assort ment of AND O X_. O I3L m in town. Such as a new style of Arab J Cloaks, Broohe, Sella and Cloth Shawls, rang • ing from SI to WHITE GOODS consisting of Embroideries. Collars, Under scores, &o. Also, Gauntlets, Cotton and Silk Gloves, and numerous other articles in i that line. A beautiful assortment of DRESS TRIMMINGS, | Ribbon?, Tassels, Cords. Ac., A • . t .geth-. r I with a general assortment of all kinds i f | goods generally found in large eslabluhmejits. For oocular demonstration call at George Blymyer's. j Lewistown, November 1, 18C0. IJI ILDERS & PAINTERS.—The subscri J hers beg leave to call your attention to I their stock of Glass, of all sizes, Nails, j Spikes. Ac. Wetheriil's Pure White Lead, j Venetian Red, Red Lead, Putty, Oils, 'fur j pontine, Alcohol, ic. Jcc., and think you will i find it to your advantage to give them a call • before purchasing elsewhere. r, 23 JOHN KENNEDY k Co •)/ V IW W i LBS. Wetheriil's Pure White M) Vy " f Lead, just received and for sale by JOHN KENNEDY & Co. 1 .FLAXSEED OIL, Turpentine, in store and for sale bv ! nok'Q JOHN KENNEDY £ Co. /"HIROME YELLOW k GREEN'.—Red Vy Lead, Venetian Red. Putty, Gb'.ss, <te., for sale by JOIJN KENNEDY L Co. JOHN KENNEDY & CO still continue at their old stand, Market Street, one door below the Black Bear IJotpl, and are always happy to see their friends and the rest of mankind, who may be in want of Groceries, Queensware, Coal, Coal 01! or Lamps. JUST RECEIVED. 10 bbla Picknio Crackers 10 " Boston Biscuits 10 " Sugar Crackers 10 " Family " 5 boxes Soda Biscuits—fresh from the Ba kery—low to the trade—for sale by n029 JOHN KENNEDY & Co. (CIGARS. —50,000 Cigars in store, and for J sale low to the trade by no2o JOHN KENNEDY & CO. HOUSEKEEPERS; you will find it to your advantage to call and examine the large "and varied assortment of Queensware, Household goods, Ac., that the subscribers have just opened. n026 JOHN KENNEDY <fc Co. 5f INC WASHBOARDS at 25 cents each. J Wash Tubs, 3 iu a nest, each at 125, 100 and 75. Painted Buckets, Scrub Brushes, Horse do. Shoe do. Measures of all sizes, Stove do. Whisks of the best and neatest make, Shoe Blacking, Stove Blacking, Dusting Brushes, &.C., for sale by JOHN KENNEDY Cc. CtOLEGATE'S best Brown Soap, Country ) do., Castile do.. Fancy do., "for sale by the lb. or package. A liberal discount to the trade. As we buy for Cash, wc are ena bled to sell at the lowest Cash prices. By giving us a trial you will find it to your ad vantage, as we are determined to sell with the lowest. Our motto is sma'i profits and quick returns. JOHN KENNEDY & Co. MAPLE SUGAR on hand at A. FELIX'S. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 13, 186 ft. i a i® %&m $ 3 x j For the Educational < o'.umn. Young America in School. Young America goes to school. It is said there are no boys or girls now—all are ; young men and ludie3; but any one who | goes into all the schools of this county, or I into those in villages, will see, and hear, j and unhesitatingly believe that Young America goes to school. And since he is ! there, the youth must be treated in some way; how shall he be managed so as to grow j into real manliness}, instead of becoming a thorough rowdy ? This is a practical ques • tion, and whosoever gives a satisfactory an ! swe-r to it must be a real benefactor. * As i piling to that exalted character I will sug ! gest one answer : Young America is a very lively youth, j full of blood, ready for anything that proin j ises a little risk and a great amount of 1 noise, lie has undoubting faith in snow ■ balling, skating, horse-racing, and a lively | dog- tight. He is not necessarily vicious, : but ' his failings" do not always 4 Lear to | virtue's side.' Taken young enough, he j may be trained to habits of active u::eful- I ness, generous effort" for any worthy cause. lnt if left unchecked, or unguided, he will ' invariably bc-come an adroit villain a sharp ; er, a spendthrift, a noisy nuisance, perhaps j a politician. Now, when he is at school j is just the time to give the twig that incli : nation which is most admirable in the full grown tree. | There are three ccarsc-s open to the tcach j er, either of which he may adopt. First, he may allow Young America to do as he pleases— to come to school when it suits his mood—to go away when impulse prompts him, and to act in school as his | fancy suggests. ; This is r. free country; generally speak j ing, a person has the right to do what ho will. Hut genuine liberty is nut lawless j ness, but ready obedience to rightful au j thority. A man has a right to do as he ( pleases, when he pleases to do right; but no one has a right to do wrong. He may have the power, but never the right. So '> oung America should learn that lie is not ' lord of all lie surveys'—that he is respon i iiblc for his conduct; that laws, school laws, | are meant for h im ; that disregard for ot!i --i crs' rights and feelings is not decent, and | will not be tolerated. This mode of treat- ii i; Young America is most injudicious; it fosters the very disposition which needs re straint, ami prepares him for more reckless deeds on a wider stage. The second mode of treating Young America is by force—attempting to crush out the impulse to lawlessness. It is based on the theory that there is no native goodness or sense of honor in him, to which the teacher can appeal, lie is regarded as a ferocious beast to be kept in subjection by sheer strength, to be intimidated, to be held down in pitiless contempt. So every manifestation or boyish exuberance of spir its is rigidly subdued ; no quarter is given to any unnecessary liveliness. If he be comes involved in a difficulty with another scholar, no matter on what grounds, it is credited to the agency of the Evil Spirit, who is supposed to operate through him ; indeed, he is v irtually regarded as a young demon. This mode of treatment seems wholly unwise and injurious. It appeals only to passion, and excites rage, not re pentance ; it stimulates Young America to take revenge, to recompense the person who lias thus abused him. It treats him as a brute, so, naturally renders him brutal; it does not appeal to him as a reasonable be ing, and thus makes hirn unreasonable ; it implies that he is a fiend, and makes him fiendish. If may crush him into subjec tion, but it likewise crushes out all manly feelings and aspirations. It is only fit for the infernal regions. The third mode of treating Young Amer ica is neither by indulgence nor indiscrim inate opposition, but by wise restraint, care ful guidance—in one word, training. Some persons repeat Solomon's instruction to train up a child in the way he should go as if he meant to hare the word train trans lated whip. I think he meant just what he said— train. Training is judicious ed ucation, giving light direction to the im pulses, checking what is extravagant,stim ulating what is deficient, seeking to pro mote symmetrical, healthy growth. Young America is full of life; all he needs, and what he must have, is to be in structed to use wisely and congenially the vigor which makes him mischievous. Ap peal to his sense of justice, to his love of honest praise, to his ambition to excel; show him how wide a field, with how rich rewards lies open before him, and how sure honest energy is to win ; treat him as if he were your brother, and you felt an undying interest in his welfare; be sure to let him see that you are laboring to secure his high est good—that you wish him to become wise, that he may exert a commanding in fluence ; that you desire him to be manly and honest, so that his influence may be wholly good. Young America needs re straint with a firm, gentle hand; he also needs careful direction, and frank, courte ous, Christian treatment. With these ho is likely to become an active, unselfish, trustworthy man; without these, he is al most certain to become a reproach and un mitigated grief to bis family, and a scourge to society. S. O, MAGGIE, I AM TON ELY. IT THADPECS WILLIAM? Oil' Maggie, lam lonely, ve?, verv lonelv, dear; I'm thinking of thee only, as drops the siW.t tear. 0 ' Maggie. I am lohelv. I miss thy dear caress, Thv truthful lips which only the absent one mav press. O! Maggie, I am lonely—l miss thy eves that beam So fondly on me only, when of mv Sear I dream. O! Maggie. I am lonely, 1 miss thy loving smile. Which beams upon me only, so tenderly the while. O! Maggie I am lonely, I miss thv merry laugh, The fount of joy which only this aching heart might quaff. O! Maggie. I am lor,°!v, I nuss thy faltering voice, Which said you loved me only, and made mv heart rojoiee. 01 Maggie. I am lonely, I miss the evening sweet, When at the window only we- sat as tete-a-tete. O! Maggie. lam lonely, how much of thee 1 miss: When of thee thinking only, how burns thv pining kiss. O ! Maggie, I am lonely, I'm dreaming but of thee, I wonder if you only are dreaming but of me? O! Maggie, I am lonely, an I why I cannot guess. The home that's for thee only, thou wilt not come and bless. A Laughable Story. The Mobile Register is responsible for the following mirth-provoking incident: Far twenty-three years, old Jake Wil iard has cultivated the soil of Baldwin county, ar-.d drawn therefrom a support for himself and wife. He is childless. Not long ago Jake left the house in search of a missing cow. Ills route led him through an old worn out patch of clay land, ol about six acres in extent, in the centre of which was a well, twenty-five or thirty feet deep, that at some time probably had fur nished the inmates of a dilapidated house near by with water. In passing by this spot, an ill wind lifted Juke's 'tile' from his head, and maliciously wafted it to the edge of the well, and in it tumbled. Now Jake had always practised the vir tue of economy, apd he immediately set about recovering his hut. He ran to the well, and finding it was dry at the bottom, he uncoiled the rope which he had brought for the purpose of capturing the truant cow, and after several attempts to catch the hat with a noose, he concluded to save time by going down into the well himself. To accomplish this, he made fast one end of the rope to a stump hard by, and was quickly on his way down the well. It is a fact, of which Jake was no less oblivious than the reader thereof, that Ned Wells happened to be in the old dilapida ted building aforesaid, and that an oid blind horse, with a bell on his neck, who had been turned out to die, was lazily gra zing within a short distance of the well. The devil himself or some other wicked spirit put it into Ned's cranium to have a little fun, so he quietly slipped up to the horse, and unbuckling the bell strap, ap proached with slow measured ' ting-a-ling' the edge of the well. • Dang that old blind horse !' said Jake, ' he's a cumin' this way sure, and ain't got no more sense than to fall in here. Whoa, Ball.' But the continued approach of the' ting a-ling' said just as plainly as words that ' Ball' wouldn't whoa. Besides Jake was at the bottom, resting, before trying to 'shin' it up the rope. ' Great Jerusalem,' said he,' the old cuss will be atop of me before I can gay Jack Robinson. Whoa! dang you, ickoa ' Just then, Ned drew up to the edge of the well, and with his foot kicked a little dirt into it. ' Oh, Lord !' exclaimed Jake, falling up on his knees at the bottom. ' I'm gone now ; whoa. Now I lay me down tosleeep —ic-h-o-a Bali —l pray the Lord my soul to— W-h-o-a ! now. Oh ! Lord have mer cy on me.' Ned coulu hold in no longer, and fear tul that Jake might suffer from his fright, revealed himself. I'robably Ned did not make tracks with his heels front that well. Maybe Jake wasn't up to the top of it in short order, and you might think he didn't try every night for two weeks to get a shot with his rifle at Ned. Ma}"be not. I don't know. But I know if Jake finds out who sent you this, it will be the last squib you'll get. Expounding the Bible. A learned pedagogue at Nantucket used every morning to read passages in the Bi ble, and expound the same as he proceed ed, in order that by asking questions as to how much they remembered of his com ments, he might ascertain who were the bright boys of the school. On one occa sion he read from the book of Job thus: 'There wns a man in the land of Uz, and his name was Job, who feared God and es chewed evil. Eschewed evil; that is, he eschewed evil as I do tobacco, he would have nothing to do with it.' With this very clear and forcible eluci dation of the word 'eschew' he proceeded, and a number of verses were read and commented on in a similar clear and intel ligible manner. After a long interval, when the young mind had time to digest its food, the peda gogue called upon one cf the youngest boys, and the following dialogue ensued : ' Who was (he man that lived in Uz?' ' Job,' ' Yfas he a good man ?' ' Yes.' ' What did he do ?' ' He chewed tobacco when nobody else would have anything to do with it/ was Bob Holmes' answer. THE WHITE HOUSE. The New York Glee Club some weeks ago sung the following at a republican cele bration : Old Abr'am thore waa who lived oal in the West, tlsn or., Iby UU neighbors the wisi -t ami the i. est; And you'll see on a time, if you'll follow my ditty. How he took a straight walk'up to Washington Citv. Chorus—"Suggestive of the manner, in which Old Abo went up to the White House.] Too rid. ic. His home was in Springfield, out in Illinois, Where he'd long been the pride of t'nc men and the boys. And he left his white house with no sign of regret. For he knew that the people had another to let. [The people having hired the White House for CM Abe.—Cnorus suggestive of the fact ] Too ral, &c. So Abr'am he trudged off to Washington straight, And reached the White House through the Avenue gate. Old Buck and ids cronies (some chap- from the South.) Sat round in !'ie Has; room 'rather down in the mouth". Chorus—{Suggestive of the situation of Old Buck and ids eronies on this ooeasion.j Too ral, Ac. 01b Abe seised the knocker and gave such a thump, Buck thought the State Snip had run into a stump, Ho trembled all over and turned deadly pale. 'That noise' said he, ' must have been made with a rail.' Chorus—[Suggestive of the thumping at the door.) Too ral, Ac. •Run Lewis, run Jorrv and open the door'— And the 'functionary' nearly fell down on the floor— ' There's only one man knocks that way I'm blest. And he is that tarnal Old Abe of the West.' Chorus—(Suggestive of the a-tomslm;. Nt of Old Buck and his cronies.] Too ral. Ae. At i i-t, though reluctant Puck opened the door. And found a eh.t;> waiting, six fee* three or four; • I hiivC, my tin.- fellows,' said Abe to tne ring. To give y> u fair notice to vacate next spring.' Chorus—[Suggestive of Old Abe's rsceptibh by Old Buck.] Too ral, jtc. 'Come in,' says Old Buck,' and sit down Mr. Lincoln, The remarks you have made are something to think on; I don't care a cuss for the country —that's fiat— But it' you'll beat Douglas von may take my old hut." Chorus—[lliustratiug Old Buck's vindictiveness.l— To., ral, £e. Fnys Abr'am : 'my friends I've come here to sny That tin Democrat dog has just had iiis day; The people have trusted you mere than they ought to, And all that 1 ask is a glass of cold water.' Chorus [lllustrating the astonishment of Old Buck at Abe's request.] 100 ral, Ac. 'Cold water!' says Buck, 'we've got it, 1 think; Though its not with our party a favorite drink, Our tipple we take on its own naked merits. And wo-need something ■ trong to keep up our spirits." Chorus—.Suggestive of the position of Old Buck and his cronies after taking their tod.] Too ral, Ac. The Cabinet searches the White House with a will, But did not find water 'put down in the bill;' Jerry Black h.aue report that, without any doubt, The whiskey was plenty, but the water was out. Chorus —[rsuggestive of the condition of the people when the water was out.J Too ral, Ac. So Abe took his leave and returned to the West. Leaving Buck and ins Cabinet somewhat depressed— For they saw with a glance hew 'twould end, without fail: They were bound for Salt liivcr. this time on a rail! [Now a good strong chorus illustrative of the man ner in which Old Abe will go uo the White House.!— Too ral. Ac. Slander. Against slander there is no defence.— Hell cannot boast go foul a fiend ; nor man deplore so fell a foe ; it stamps with a word, with a nod, with a shruir, with a look, with a sxuiie. It is the pestilence walking in the darkness, spreading contagion far and wide, which the most wary traveler can't avoid ; it is the heart searching dagger of the dark assassin ; it is the poisoned ar row whose wound is ineurable ; it is the mortal sting of the da&dly adder; murder its employment ; innocence its prey—and ruin its sport. Its foundation is in envy, jealousy, and disappointed ambition, Its heralds are found in all sects, in "every community. The slanderer is vindicative, malicious —a cowardly insinuating demon —worse than a murderer. Enormous Grain Receipts. —Buffalo has received and handled, thus far in the pres ent season, the enormous amount of 31,- 170,755 bushels of wheat, corn, oats, bar ley and rye, and 2, 172,107 barrels of flour. Adding the wheat equivalent to flour, ac cording to the ordinary rule of five bush els to the barrel, the gross grain receipts at this port, from the beginning of navigation to the first day of December, in the year 1860, were 37,040,390 bushels—nearly double the average receipts cf the past dozen years, and almost ten million bush els greater than the greatest amount ever before received in any one season, at this, ' the grain market of the world.' Starvation in Atlanta, Georgia. —The Atlanta Locomotive of Saturday says: 'Never before have there been so many la borers thrown out of employment in Atlan ta as at this time. Most of the carpenters are idle, (the improvements having all been discontinued,) and many of them have large families depending on them for bread, and they can get no work. There is, indeed, a great deal of suffering among the laboring classes in our midst, and we think something should be done for them, such as working the streets, or something of the kind, in order that they make a lit tle money to buy bread for their families.' A Court Scene. —A man who had nev er seen the inside of a court house until he was introduced as a witness in a case pend ing in one of our district courts, sitting last fall in the northern part of the State, being sworn took his position with his back to the jury, and began telling his story to the judge. Judge R n, in his bland and courteous manner, said, 'address your self to the jury, sir.' The man made a short pause; but not comprehending what was said to him, continued his narrative. — His honor was then more explicit, and said to him, 'speak to the jury, sir! the men sitting behind you on the benches.' The witness then turned around, and making an awkward bow, said, with great gravity of manner, ' good morning, gentlemen !' a®, You may wish to get a wife without a failing; but what if the lady, after you find her, happens to be in want of a hus band of the same character ? New Series—Vol XV, No. 7. DEPARTMENT REPORTS. United States Treasury Report. A few facts culled from this document may illustrate the delightful condition of things on the 30th of June. 186'. Iho permanent national debt was 845,079,203- 08. and the outstanding treasury notes £19,- 690.50 v), making together 864.769,<u8 80 as the net result of Mr. i'.lVs tUucring. The deficiency of estimated means for the service of the fiscal year ending Juno 80, 1861, is 82,876.884 53. The Secretary tells us in his report that already the treas ury has been seriously affected by thecou.- uiereial revulsion; that the iimitcd amount received is composed each day oi an in creased proportion of Treasury notes net, yet due; and the indications are that such will, at least lor the present, continue to be the case; and in consequence of the failure of bidders for the late loan to com ply with the terms oi their bids, a portion oi the ordinary revenues has been with drawn from the ordinary sources of expen diture to meet the payment of Treasury notes past due, and the interest thereon; and, finally, that the early action of Con gress will be required to enable the Depart ment to carry on the operations of the Government, and at the same lime preserve tli public credit unimpaired Report of the Postmaster General T!iis prodigious document abounds so much in statistics, that it i exceedingly difficult to endorse its substance into an ab stract. On the oOth of June la.-t, there were iu operation 8,502 mail routes, cli mated at, 240,594 miles in length, of which miles 27,129 were by railroad, 14,970 hy steamboat, 54,577 by coach, and 142,912 by inferior modes. The number of contrac tors was 7445, There has been a decrease of 19,458 miles in length of the mail routes, but this is made up of a reduction of 8,464 miles in the length of coach" routes, and 4,233 in the steamboat routes, while the length of railroad routes has in creased 1,119 miles There are in the ser - vice 40 local agents, 1,049 mail messengers, and 66 railroad baggage masters. The number ot Postmasters appointed during the year is 6,555, of which 1,140 were by the establishment of new post-offices. —~ Whole number of post-offices in the Union, 29,552. As usual, there is an enormous deficiency in this department, reaching 85,655,705 49 as the excess of expendi tures over the revenue for 1860, and for the ensuing year a deficiency of 84,506,600 is figured out by the Postmaster General, which, in ail probability, will be far below the real fact. The revenues increase very gradually, while the expenditures go up much more rapidly. The Postmaster Gen eral has much to say about his experiments with the penny post, and he recommends the repeal of the provision of the act of last session, and that the Departments shall have authority to collect such postage on all letters delivered by carriers as shall he deemed necessary to compensate them for the service, provided that it shall not exceed two cents per letter. He thinks the result of the experiment, under all tho difficulties encountered, very gratifying', and advocates the support of the private' expresses. Report of the Nasy department- The Secretary of the Navy reports in favor of converting eight ships of-the-line into first class steam ships, which he says can be done at a cost of §583,000 each. The other ships of-the-line would not pay for the expense, being old and nearly used up. The sailing frigates Sabine and Ban tee are to be left as they are, and the re maining six sailing frigates converted into steam sloops-of-war, and finally into store ships. New sloops-of-war should he built to replace thosa built prior to 1840. Tht, present condition of the active navy is then reviewed and commended. The Secretary reports in favor of screw-steamers, and against sidewheel-stcamers, in ease of war. An increase of the navy is demanded, oti the ground that we have now a navigating interest of five million tons, and import and export trade of six or seven million of doi lars, and a coastiug trade of equal extent and value. All additions to the should employ steam power. Attention is called to the fact that the Constitution pro hibits individual States from creating a na vy of their own. Estimates are submitted for replacing all of the prominent navy yards of the country in a condition of full activity. A high compliment is paid to the efficiency and discipline of the Naval Academy, under Capt. Blake. Figures are given to show that the education of the pupils has improved. In the slave trade twelve vessels have been captured this year by the African squadron, and more than 3,000 negroes rescued. A strong hint is then given that the slave trade can only finally be suppressed by England's enfor cing her treaty of 1817 with Spain in ref erence to Cuba, or the annexation of Cu ba by the United States. The bill intra l duced by Jefferson Difvis prohibiting the purchase of patented articles for the artcy and navy is next attacked us injurious to the public service The Secretary rceou mends that he be given power to purchase butter, cheese, near, and tobacco fur the navy by private purchase, ar.d not by ad vertised contract. The present state and services of the various squadrons and ahipg
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers