TUK "(lEAEFIELD REFCBUCAI," rOILIIIID ITlMf WMRMIIAT, kK ' CLKARFIKLD, PA. CMTAULIIHEO IN 1T. Tiie Ui'Kt C'lrcuUtloii of any Nnwipiper In Nui-th Central Peuucylvaiihu Terms of Subscription. , -a". 4 n kdvuio, or within I monthi,,..? (M) If n&Ul ftr and twfor 6 moot hi , ft AO If rid attar th- aiplratloo of i noothi... a Mi Rates oi Advertising, Xrnlen( adrvrtliamftiitl, pr Njuar. of 10 Mneaor I timai orlMi $1 60 for uh ubqt.t.t Inwrtioa 60 AlminiitrBtori'tnd KiotiUtri'nolioa...... t 60 Auditors' ootloei S 60 (Hntloni and Kitrayi 1 60 Ihipolutlon not lew S 00 IVofaiiiuu.. CirtU, 6 line or lc,l year.,.. 6 00 i,ctl noitesi.pcr Un 10 YRATILT ADVKHTIHEMENTS. I utr 00 4 eolumn $50 00 iuri & 00 eolumn., TO 00 luiurti... 20 00 1 eolumn 120 00 O. B. OOODLANDKR, Fabiiabar. Cart.. TT w. BMITU, A'i'TORNEY-AT-LA W, cl;I.T3 ('learneld, Pa. T J. LINGLE, AT TOIINEY - AT - LAW, 1:11 l'lilllpiburff. Centre Co., Pa. jpd G R, It W. BAKltBTT, Attonf.v8 and Counselors at Law, CLEARFIELD, PA. January SO, 1878. TSKAEIi TEST, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Clearlleld, Pa, 4rOfflce in the Court House. tJjrlI,"6T HENRY BRETU, (OflTHHD P. O.) JUSTICE OF TIIE l'EACE May 9, 1878-Ij W JI.'M. McCULLOUGH, ATTORNEY AT LAW, CLKARFIKLD, PA. fifll.-e in Masonic building. Second street, op pOHite Ihe Court llouio. Je26,'78-tf. C. ARNOLD, LAW COLLECTION OFFICE, CURWENSVILLE, Clearfield CouoUr, Penn'a. 75y s. T. RROCKBANK, ATTORNEY AT LAW, CLEARFIELD, PA. ap 2iT7-ly Office in Open House, fAMBS MITCHELL, DBALXR II fSrjuare Timber & Timber Lnnds, Jsil'73 CLKARFIKLD, PA. s, V. WILSON, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Office one dnor vast of Western Hotel building, opposite Court House. sc,t..'.,'77. CLEARFIELD, PA. JiRANK FIELDING, ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, Clearfield, Pa. Will attend to all buaineaa entrottod to bin promptly and faithfully. janl'7 J V. SXYDHR, ATTORNEY AT LAW, CLEARFIELD, PA. Oftioe in l'la'a Opera UousO. June 28, '7Stf. WILUAK A. WALLACB. PATin L. iaa. DARBT r. WALLACB. JOBS W. WBIBLBT. AITALLACE & KREBH, (Sumeaiorl to Wallace A Flaldini,) ATTOltNE YS-AT-LAW, janl'77 Cleartteld, Pa. r. 0L, irCK. . . 1. A. QltAH&U. 1)IJCK A f.KAHAM, A'lI'OUNKYS AT LAW, ULKAnrilLO, PA. All tiuiinoJi prwuiptlr attendud to. Office Id (Irnham'i Kw roomi formerly occupied by it ii u t.. i-i-i ha tf ll. u. Doiwun, J-'J1! turn. a. MuaaiT. craui aoacoa. ATTORNKY 8 AT LAW, CLEARFIELD, PA. "Office la Ple'i Opera llouw, tecond floor M074 JUHlPa a I WALL T. DAHiRL W. M UUMtT. rcENALLY & McCURDY . ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, Clearfield, Pa. !r-sT'Letal business attended to promptly withj o.lelity. Offlce on Uooond street, abore tbo First National Hank. Jan:l:70 G- KUAUER, A'i'TORNEY-AT-LAW Real Estate and Colleotioa Agent, CLBARKIliM), PA., Will promptly attend to all legal business en trusted to his oaro. dr-Ouloe in Pie's Opera nousa. Janl'78. J F. McKKNRICK, ATTORNEY AT LAW, CLKARFIKLD, PA All ll hnslness antrnitcd to bis care will ra eeira prompt attention. Offlxo opposite Court House, la Masonic Building, second noof. aug,., tvij, JOUN L. CUTTLE, : .. ATTOHKEY AT LAW. tnd Heal Batate A rent, Clearfield, Pa. Oflne oa Third street, bet. Cherry A Walnut. n-Reipeotfollj offers his sertieee la eelllng and baylag laada la Ol.arl.ld aad aiUelalnn eoaotioa j aa.i with aa olptrieneool over twenty y. are aa a avxyor, tatters himself thai be eaa render satisfaolloa. iraa. io:ro:u, JR. E; M. SCIIEURER, UOMiEOPATUIC PHYSICIAN, OSea la reotdiBee ea Firet at. April 24, 172. CicarBeld, Pa. TAR. Y. A. MEANS, PHYSICIAN k SURGEON ' ' HITIIERSDURO, PA. WinaUaad profassianal oalls promptly. aaglO'78 -U. T. 3. UOTKK, f It Y8ICI AN AND SU RO EON, Offioa on Market Street, Clearleld, Pa. w-OHice hours t S to II a. ea., and 1 to 8 p. m. D R. J. KAY WJIIGLEY, ilOMrEpATnlO PHYSICIAN, enrOBee adjoining the residence ef Jamee Wriilcy, K,., on Sscond St, Clearleld, Pa. Jly.ll,'I8tf. jyi. 11. B. VAN VALZA1T, tI.EAKKIF.i l), PENH' A. OKI'ICB IN MASONIC BUILDING. ' OBoe hoara From It to I P. M. May II, . I) U. J. 1". BURCUFIKLD, Late Sargeoa of the 831 Reglaieat.Peaasyleanla VolBnteers, having returned frost the Araay, o8.r. kis profeaiieaal serrlees telbeelUaeag af ria.ra.IA Mi.t. aaarPnfoaileaalealla promptly attended la. OHoe ea Seeead etreet, fefmerlyeeeapled y Dr. Weeds. (apr4,'8tl f TARRY SNYDER, II BARBKR AND HAIRDRESSER Shop oa Market St, opposite Court House. A eleaa towel fee eeery eoeteasor. Alee anaaafaetaree ef All Klnda of ArUtlaoj la Maaaaa Hair. Clearlaid, Pa. may II, t. CLEARFIELD - GEO. B. GOODLANDEB, Editor L Proprietor. PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN. TEBMS-52 per annum in Advance. VOL. 53-WIIOLE NO. 2,605. CLEARFIELD, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 22,, 1879, . NEW SERIES-VOL. 20, NO. 3. . - (Cards. JOB PHINTING OF EVERY DK8CHIP lion neatly eieeuted at Ibla offlo.. 0 SCAR MITCHELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, CLKARFIKLD, PA. J-OBlc. in Ilia Opera II. use. ootv, '78-tf. WILLIAM M. 1IENKY, Justice or tun Pbacb An Scbitbbbb, LUMUBR CITY. Collections mad. nnd money prompt paid oer. Artiolaa of anranl and deeds of eoaveyanoo neatly oloouted and warraated cor root or no obarge. S.1jjT R OLAND D. SWOOPE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Curwcnirillo, Clearleld eounly, Pa. oct. 9, '78 If. JOHN D.THOMPSON, Juitlo of th Peace and ScrtTcner, Curneuiville, Pi. te3fc.CollMMoni paid 0Tr. mada and bioboT promptly fb23'71tf JAS. B. GRAHAM, dollar lo Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards, 6HINOLE8, LATH, A PICKETS, :107a Clearneid, Pa, REUBEN HACKMAN, House and Sign Painter and Paper Hanger, Clearfield, Penn'a. aa-Will oiMot. joba in bia lina promptly and In a workmanlike manner. ayr4,67 JOUN A. STADLER, BAKEH, M-.rk.jt St., Clearfield, Pa. Freih Bread, Kuik, Rolli, Pice and Cakw on hand or made to order. A general usortment of Confectionartei, Fruit aad Nuti fa Hook. lea Cream and Oy uteri (n teal on. Saloon nearly oppoilte the Foil office. Price moderate. fcUirh 1lt-'7l. WEAVER & BETTS, PBALBtta IB Real Esta'.e, Square Timber, Saw Logs, AND LUMBER OF ALL KINDS. C-erOffle. on fieeond etreot, in roar of atora room of Uoorge Wearer A Co. I J. nil, '78-tf. RICHARD HUGHES, JUSTICE OF THE PEACE ron lleeatur Totriishlp, Oaeeola Mills P. O. ll official business ontrasted to him will ba promptly attended to. Bcb29, '71. BLAKE WALTERS, URAL ESTATE BROKER, Ann dbalbb la .Saw Ijog nud Iiumbor, CLEARFIELD, PA. Office In Oraham's Row. 1:16:71 E. A. BIGLER & CO,, SQUARE TIMBER, and nanufeutarera of A LI, kINDff OK SAWED LUMHEH, -T'71 CLEARFIELD, PENN'A. G. H. HALL, PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER, DEAR CLEARFIELD, PENN'A. Pumpe always on hand and made to order an short notice. Pipes bored on reasonable forms. All work warranted to render satisfaction, and delirared If desired. mylo:lypd THOMAS H. FORCEE, DIALS! IB GENERAL MERCHANDISE, CHAIIAMTON, Pa Alio, eiteniWe nanarMtnrer and dealer la Square Timber and tawed Lumber of all kinde. M-Orden lolloltcd and all bill promptly sued. i-jyioj Id very Ntable. THE onderslgnad begs leare to Inlorm thopab lie that ho ia now fully prepared to accommo date all in tbo way of furnishing lU.su, Iluggioa, Haiidlea and Harness, on the shortest notice and en reasonable terms. Residence oa Locust street, between Third and Fourth. tlKO. W. O EAR11 A RT llearteld, Feb. 4, 1874. S. I. SNYDER, PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER Ann pbai.br ib LWutchcs, Clock) nnd Jowolry, 67rflan's Rom, Xttrktl 8trl, ci.KAnviKi.n, pa. All kinds of repairing In my Una promptly I nded to. April U, 1874. Great Western Hotel, Noa. 1311, 1313 aad 1318 Market Street, (Direely oppotit H'floaa.oetr'e Orand Depot.) PtiUdolplila, Pena'a. Torma, $U.OO per caaay This Hotel Is near the new Poblle Bulldiniis new Mesonie Temple, II. 8. Mint, and Academy or Fine Arts. T. w. j nain, rrop r, Oi'KR all MienT 1 iyl7,'78-ly Clearfield Nursery. ENCOURAGE HOME INDUSTRY milR nndersirned. harlnr estahllskod a Rur X eery on the 'Pike, about half way between ClearScId and Curw.nsvillc , is prepared to fur nish all kinds of FRUIT TKKK3. (standard and dwarf,) Krrrtrceas, Shrubbery, Urape Vines, Uooselwrry, Lawloa Blackberry, Strawberry, and Haanbem Vines. Also, (Siberian Crab Trees, Quince, and early scarlet Rhubarb, Ae. Orders prompUy atteadod to. Address, Mpt-88-y CarweasrlUe, I'a. ANDREW HARWICK, Market "treet. ClearDeld. Pa., AaorACTnaaa aan malbb IV HARNESS, SADDLES, BRIDLES, COLLARS, aad all kinds of UOKSf rVHMSHINO OOODS. A full stock wf Saddlore' Hardware, Bruibee, Combs, Mlankata, Rohea, ete, elwayi na Band and for Bale at the lowest eash prices. All kinds ef repairing promptly atleaded to. All kinds of bides lakes In eicbange for har- nese and repairing. All kinds or Harness leainar kept ea band, aad for eale at a small prott Clearnain, jaa. I., ttitiftnt Ii II 1 Ts1ll Insurance agency . PENTZ A DROCKDANK, Ageets. (Sacaesson to Murray A tlordea.) The roflowlag lrt elaaseompaalea repteseatedt v l. n.tit.k a al.M.liui Vifm lea. t'.., ol Koglaad 2,llll, rolli.h Oomasenial Fire laa. Co., of England - IO,C0.808 Ro.lh America, of Philadelphia 4.70O,UM Fire Aseoelatloa, of Phllad.lphla 8,ieO,8M Watntowa Fire, New York, lasarea farm property only teo.ee. Mobile Fire Department lue. Ce I7,tM Perteae la tke eeaatry wanting laeareaee, eaa v... I, ..mail, allaaded to br addressing ae la person or by letter. Lowest possible rates ia Irrl lees eoBM.ea.se. JVe .."'.. Oltoe la fie s Oaera Uoaee. ANDRKW rKrl ia.jr, r I. T. BROOKBANK, Clearleld, Ma I, 1871-ly. AgaaU. FIFTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE TEACHERS' INSTITUTE OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY. Tbo fifteenth annuitl tension of the Teachers' Innbituto of Clearfield coun ty was oallod to order liy tho County Suiioriiitentlont, M. L. McQuown, at I o'clock P. M., on Moiiilay, Doccmbor 30th, 1878, in Pio's Opora House, Clear field, Pa., tbo attendance at tho opening Doing larger than at any previous ses sion. Tho exercises wore opened with prayer by J. M. Postletbwait, of Gu iich twp. The Superintendent then called the ofllcers to their respective duties in the following ordor : Vico ProBidents A. E. Woolridgc, of Braillord twp ; W. F. Slmnnon, nf ! Urnuly township.1 - - Secretaries Krunces Lal'orte, of Curwensville; Ada M. Alo,ot Clcttrflold. Recording Secretary Winfield S. Luther, ot Jluston township. Mr. Shannon and Miss LaPorte be ing absent, J. F. MuKonrick, of Clear field, and Lou lieisoy, of Union town ship, were appointed to fill tbo vacan cies. Tbo following commifteo was then appointed on enrollment : J. W. Sny der, of Jordan ; L. K. Webor, of Brady, and Silas Recce, of Docatur. Tho districts wero called In alpha betical ordor, when 109 toachers re sponded. Next was tbo nomination of candidates for Commilteo on Per manent Certificates. Tho following nominations were made : L. K. Weber, ot Brudy ; A. R. Road, ot Lawronco I ndepcndenl ; E. 1). Bottorf, of Osceola ; Frank G. Harris, J. F. McKonrick, B. C. Younirman, of Clearfield ; Lou lloiscy, of Union j G. W. Weaver, of Brady ; John A. Urcgory, of turwens villo. Trie following commitiocs wore appointed: On collecting ballots, Wm. Postlothwait, J. A. Johnson, and on counting ballots, J. M. Postletbwait, W. C. Pontx, John McLarron. Tho Superintendent introduced Prof. E. Hubbard Barlow, of Kaston, Pa., who suid that bo did not intend to make a formal addross, for ho expected Profes sor llatib would do that. Ho urged each teacher to take notes of tho pro ceedings of the Institute. 1'rol. Ratio, ol Lock Haven, I'a., was introduced, who endorsed what Prof. Barlow had said ; nnd he further urged tho teachers to ask questions, llo suid (hero are questions that neither honor f rot. liarlow could answer : hut bo would answer what ho could, and would bo pleased to have tho teachers question him. Ho also spoke of tho duties of teachers. Tho question, " Eesolved. That Men tal Arithmetic should ho dropped from the list of studies in our Common" Schools," was discussed on the affirma tive by E. G. Hays, of Brad', llo said that Mental Arithmotio should be ta ken from tbo list of Common School studios bocauso the samo matter can be lati,rht in huui timA tn pnpila hy r.h written method, and bo thought moro successfully ; that in order to got a thorough knowledge of Mental Arith metic, wo must study tho written, and the former consumes moro than its share of the timo alloted to mathe matics; that for want of timo which is consumed on that branch, more impor tant branches aro excluded lor in stance, such as Physiology, Hygiene, IS aUral 1'bilosophy, I'.lomcntaryLnom tstry, Mental Philosophy, Ac; that tho object of a Common School education is not merely to discipline the mind, but to acquiro tho knowledgo that will best fit us tor tho active dutios of life which will best fit us for our duties as citizens of this Commonwealth ; be cause, we cannot mako a perfect demon stration without associating with it a written procoss. 1 hen, why not dis pense with it, and excludo it as a separate study. . a. l.utner, ol II union, on tho nega tive, said : " In discussing this question, I will first givo some of tho objects of having Mental Arithmetic introduced into the schools as a branch of study, and if'tho results of propor teaching fails to attain the object for which it is in tended, then it should bo dropped from the list ot studies ; but, if it gives to tho pupil that training and culluro lor which it was intended, and which no other branch ot study can givo, thon it should not bo dropped from tho list, but it should bo handled as thoroughly as other branches, which, I am sorry say, it is not. Written Arithmetic, as it is arranged at the present time, lacks tho principle ot a culluro study, and is too much of a formula tor getting the answer. It lacks that scientific charactor which is nocossary for a gon oral education ; that Arithmetic should bo made a culture study, and wo must So back for the merely practical, and, y some method, toach the principles of Arithmetic. Bv the nrosent grraniro- mont of our Mental Arithmetics, this has been accomplished. I hen, why obioct to them f And moro than this, by tho present arrangement of our mental text books, three purposes are accomplished, viz: 1st, inu cultiva tion of tho power ot apprehension, in cluding attention, onset vatlon, concen tratinn, discrimination and retention. 2d, The cultivation of tho powor of analysis that is, ability to separate, compare and combine 3d, To culti vate the power of logical expression, or the power to perceivo tho relation be tween premises and conclusions, and to express our opinions in appropriate laniruago. No teacher' hero will dony that this kind of culturo is noeded." Ho said that ho could see no branch of study by which tho same results can bo hrouirht about. Wo can well talk of dropping tho suhjoct from the list of studies ; tjut what will wo substitute that will benefit us moro, or bring about tho same purposes for whicb thia is intonded. They have foiled to show us. Vf. S. Port, ol Lawronco, on the affirmative, aaid : This question boing ol vast importanco to ns all, and one that we cannot but lool interested in, ho would mako a few remarks, although not prepared. There are many reasons why we should drop Jilontal Arithme tic, from tho list of Common School studies. The first reason he assigned was, that it is useloss, bocauso we cannot apply it practically to business. What bti.micss man would trust to Mental Arithmotio f Would ho bo satisfied to bavo his clerks all analyzing thoir business probloms 7 W hy, it would make moro oonftision than the confusion of tongues at the tower of Htibcl. Asa benoht to strengthen the memory, we bare amnio opportunity to exercise our mental faculties on neg lected branches. Mental Arithmetic is one of tho most tedious exorcises, re quiring at least half an hour to prepare and half an hour to recite, malting an hour each day, which, in the entire course of ourscboo! days, would amount to months, and evon years, or toil and fur what t For something ol no practi cal benefit, while the brandies of equal or mora import no are negiootea. A. I). Wirti, of Piko, on tbo afilrma tive, said that he know of somo loach el's who have spont fifty minutes in bearing an advanced class. In all schools there should bo a primary, mo dium and an advanced class. In the primary class of twonty pupils, forty minutes should be allowed in hearing it, an average of two minutes to each pupil, and that no advanced class could bo beard in less than thirty minutes ; that our teachers omit to bear primary classes recito, in order to hoar tho ad vanced class in Mental Arithmetic. It is impossiblo for scholars to prepare their mental lessons perfectly during school hours and at the same time keop a good standing in their other classes. By omitting Mental Arithmotio and giving moro time to Written Arithme tic, it will qualify our boys and girls tor the common baninoae of lifo. Tbo Committee on Election made tbo following report : L. E. Weber received 55 votes ; A. R. lioad, 39 ; E. 1). Bottorf, 42; F. G. Harris, 48 ; J. F. McKonrick, 33 ; Lou HoiBoy, 29; G. W. Weaver, 30 ; J. A. Gregory, 57 ; B. C. Youngman, 40. Tho l'residont thon declared J. A. Gregory, L. K. Wobor, Frank G. Harris, B. C. Youngman and E. 1). Bottorf elected members of the Committee on Permanent Certificates. Instituto adjourned. MONDAY EVENING SESSION. Tho Instituto was opened with prayor by Rev. Henry S. Butlor. Tho choir sang a quartotto entitled "Queen of the Beautiful." Dr. A. M. Hills, ot Clearfield, read the "Instituto Poom," composed by himself, which was well written, well read and well received by tho audience Music " Only a Dream of Homo." Frank O. Harris, Esq., ot Clearfield, delivorod his lecturo entitled " Tho Law-Givor of Israel," to nn ap preciative audienco. Song by choir " Disturb Not My Slumber." Professor Barlow gave a reading entertainment. He read "No Whistling in lloavon," " The Old, Sweot Song' " The Leak in the Dyke," and othor selections. Annio and Holen Irwin and Jennie Mead sang a song entitled " The Maid on," accompanied with tbo exercises of sowing, knitting, washing, crying, flirt ing, etc., after which Prof. Barlow con tinued his reading. Institute adjourn ed to moot on Tuesday morning. TUISDAT FORENOON SESSION. The Institute convened at 8, o'clock, Superintendent McQuown In tho chair. Tho exorcises wero opened with pray er by L. W. Borry, of Wallaceton. The roll was then called. Tbo Presidont appointed tbo following committees: On Resolution A. II. Rosonerans, Wm. Postlothwait, Huston ; E. D. Bot torf, Osceola; J. A. Gregory, Ctir wonsvillo, and Matt Savage, Burnaido. On Charts L. K. Wober, Brady ; A. R. Reed, Clearfield, and E. G. Hayes, Brady. On Drawing F. G. Harris, Clear fiold ; J. T. Liddlo, Brady, and J. A. Gregory, Curwensville. On Programmes J. M.Postlothwait, Gulioh : J. H. Wilson, Pike, and Clara Barrett, Gubch. On Reports J. A. Gregory, Cur wonsvillo; J.F. McKenrick.Clearfiold, and Kalo Mitchell. Now Washington. The Institute then sang "March Along." Mr. A. L. Schofield, gave a talk upon tho subject of "Evory Day False Syntax," wbico was finery illus trated on a chart, by examples from every day conversation. nr. J. 11. Moad then said : "1 bo two first pages aud the first two pages are equivalent, since the first implies a falsehood, as tbero can bo but one first logo, and tho second Implies a lalse tood, if tho pages aro not grouped in two's, according to Fowlor." Mr. J. T. Liddlo, Brady, asked the locturer if ho would have tho pupils correct tho sontencos without the reas on, and if so, whether he would give the reason or bavo the scholars do so. Mr. Schofield said ho would have the pupils givo tho reason if thoy could, and if not ho would giro It himself. Mr. Gregory, Curwonsvillo, said no knew scholars who would correct all the sentences of Falso Syntax in tho Grammar, and then nso false expres sion. Ho highly approved the idea oi placoing tho sotitances Dciore tno pu pils in ordor that they could seo tho fault. Pof. Iiaub, of Lock Haven, thon gave a few illustrations, other irom those on tlio chart, ana approved nr. Scboficld's Idea ot placing the incorrect sentences used by pupils upon the charts. Mr. Davidson opened tho question for consideration : "What attontion should bo given to tho cultivation of memory 7 lie said ; i uo not wisn to indicato by rising beloro you to day, that I am at all ablo to discuss this subject to its full extent ; to decide tho amount of culture thai should bo given Memory is beyond my woak talont to comprehend ; but, according to pre vious arrangmcnt, I feel that tho duty of openintr the discussion rests upon me. 1 snail, tnereiora, try to auvanco somo idoas. Memory, as we under stand tho meaning of tho term, ia the lactiity oy wnicu mean aro rutamuu hi tbo mind, r rom a lacK oi connuenco in memory, many of us bavo failed to real i to tho amount of benefit from our mental exertions that wo might have done. Wo Bhould teach our pupils In all studies to have implicit confidence in memory, without which tnoy cannot receive tho benefit of thoir labor, ll is the center of tho Intellectual powers and seems to say to all tho othors, have confidence in mo. In all educational pursuits It leads the van, and it ever wo scalo tho baiuemonus oi science it bo with memory loading the ad vanco guaid. With such impressions as theso upon the young mind it will lead them to see tho importance of memory, and this point once galnod with tho teacher's advice and influence, will bring about tbe cultivation of the samo. We should sook our pupils' fu ture happiness, and I know no other motive so certain of bringing this re sult aa the cultivation of memory, for by it tho possessor may realize the greatest pleasure. When wo traco with rotrospoclivo cyo the scones of tho past, memory adds new colore to tho ovents which at tbe time they happen, may have struck the mind with their force and brilliancy. P anry also lends Iter aid and a thousand graces rise in to form by her powor, and while im agination is busy In gilding the acencs which memory present! to tier view. tbe mind ia expanded witn grateiu emotions and rises superior lo the sphere in which it is placed. By mem. ory the man over whom many sum- mora have passed and whose cheeks successive dreary winters have furrow- ed, is enablod to recallcach scene to hii mental eye which ia endeared to him by tender remembrance. To the un cultured mind those aoenos may present nothing but dreary longings, and wasto of timo, and the possessor is eager to close memoir'! cbaplet, and cast them into forgetfolaess loraver. Thus w tot) bow the memory will $m give employment to the intelloct pow or in man, which we call mind. Our minds at first like our bodies, aro very weak and not capable of action ; in this we aro all placed on a common level, and havo to start, as it were, from tbe samo standpoint. Feeblo at first it grows with the growth, and strongth- ns tno corporeal system. 1 bis Is anomor point that wo as teachers should notioo very closely, we know not but what some of our pupils may possess tho brightest intelloct, which our advice, with proper training may bring out from tbe shadows which bang around it and thus starting him with bis companions be the means of laying the foundation upon which that pupil may frame bis future greatness, and in going on step by step may reach that degree ol eminence tor which man won dcaiirned. For which urn may over alter remove tno truiuuto ol a grateful heart, and if no more would not tho thought that under our caro that mind bad begun its ascending scalo amply pay us for our observation. The diamond cannot reveal its lustre from beneath incumbent rocks or earthly strata ; but must be brought forth and fashioned by the hand of tho Artist, when it becomes tbe most beau tiful of all gems. So it is with the mind ; unless it receives tbe proper caro and attention, u cannot snino forth with its beauty and grandeur. We do not find tbe intellectual tem ple already built, and waiting to be finished by the pupil, but thoy figure promptly in the construction oi it al ter which the pupil becomes his own architect, and the grandeur of the struc ture rests upon ois merits nnu exer tions. There is no doubt but what many a noblo mind has through neglect, boon pcrmittod to remain -in a cold inactive stato, without the cheering influence of the intellectual light, its greatness con cealed by uncultiration has been, borne tor a while on the billows ot time, and at last Bank beneath its wavo, hardly leaving a ripple which might bave proved an honor to tho possessor, and an ornament to society. Wo, as toachers, should bo close ob servers : using the common phroBo, lot us not leave ono spot that has not been tilled, nor ono stono unturned. So that in departing from our profession we can say if tho minds under our care bavo gained nothing by our dingonce they bave lost nothing by our negii ireneo. J. 11. moad, oi uostien, said: ine memory may be cultivated by rovio lessons in history or geography by giving a short lesson to learn by heart and repeat in class verbatim, or by ro quiring pupils to Btudy three or four problems in mental to repeat in class without baving them read, or by stat ing lessons of tho provions day and further back. Mr. E. G. Hayes, of Brady, said : The best way to cultivate momory is to got the attention ol your pupils en listed in tho subject before them, and to an present the matter as to mako it attweuatiirn in that)., emrl t f tie aama time call into play aa many of tho fac ulties ol tbe mind as possible, lor mem ory is always governed, moro or less, by tbe ideas that are associated with matter to be recalled or returned in tho mind. Thus we hear of the death of stran gers every day, but we cannot recall them, but it wo boar ot thoir dealb in any unnatural or extraordinary man ner, the very name of that individual evor after recalls the incidents that were oonnocted with his doath. Tborctore, the more faculties that aro awakened at tho time that momo ry becomes cognizant of a fact, tho more readily it will bo returned in tbo memory. Mr. J. F. McKonrick, of Clearfiold said: What was wanted was tbe strengthening of tho momory, and ho would liko to hear from tbe teachers upon the subject. Some have greater power of retention than others. Some pupils prepare their lessons wcu, out when tuoy come to rocito tnoy are un able to live expression to thoir ideas. Some pupils excel in one branch and somo in anotner. Prof. Barlow, of EaBton, said wo strengthen the momory as we do any thing else. Wo Btronglhon mo arm by exorcising it. o it is witn ine momory we strengthen it by con stant use. If wo want to strengthen tbo mem. ory, we do so by recalling somo tilings wo learn to forgot, and somo we learn to rcmombcr. A. R. Read, of Clearfield, asked the Professor it keoping a memoranda was not a uau practice, an it uiu not anon snv cultivation tor tho memorv. The Professor said when ho wont down town (as ho did not livo in the centre of the city) lo buy thread, noo dles, and nineteen other things for bis wife that be did not wish to romcm bor It. But things that wore worth romomboring it was hotter to cultivate tho momory. He did not advance the idea of wrilinr ovorytbine down. Tho Instituto then sang, "Twiugui is Falling." Prot. A. N. Tiaub then gavo a talk unon srammar. The i'rolossor urgeti among the requisites for successful toothing in grammar, tbo lollowing: Firet Correct models, correct lan- euane on the part of tho teacher, and constant criticism ot tno language oi both numls and teacher. Second Tho teacher must bo inter ested in tho work and in this way In terest his pnpils in tho study. Third The definitions must be com prebended, and to secure this result the teacher must illnstrato largely, and put bis illustrations in each shape that the pupils will not lan to compreuonu. The I'rolossor also Drieny aiscussea the use of tho apostropby in forming plurals, and in contractions, snowing that in "sV," "a's," eto., it indicates the omission of a letter. Tho same is also trne in the nso of "a'n't." "doos'nt," "don't," etc. The proper spelling of am not" when abbreviated Is "a n t. It should bo used only in the 1st par son, singular, and "don't" only in tho M person, singular. ineso principles wore illustrated by a number ol illus trations unon tho blackboard. Essay by Miss Mabol McGcorgo, of Bnrnside. Bubjocl "llounion. Tbe question, "Resolvod, that in creased wealth has a favorable impres sion on the education of the mass, was called. Mr. G. W. Emigh, ol Mor ris, nnon tbo negative, said : If wa wouiu enow in eranu ana important meaning ot the term educa tion to narrow iiacu down into a aim plo intellectual training, we might, by trreat importunity, be induced to ad mit the merits ol the resolution ; but we are not inclined to do that God made ns and gave na a being, and he elad it in raiment of compound nature, vis : physical, intellectual and moral nature. Now. no person can become educated unless all bis powers are educated, lie cannot be an eaa rated nerton it he trains one or two of these powers and not all thro. To REP-UBUCAN, llustrate this, we will take him to a boy who has just come from laboring n tbe coal mine, ma lace is black. Ho comes to the table to oat. His fa ther tolls him to go and wash his faco. Uo goes, but washos only one side of is face. It has a bad impression upon tho circle around the tablo. They dis like his looks. Now, we consider him educated physically. Tho person who is educated physically, and not moral ly and intellectually, is dangerous. Uo comes to the school-bouse, and tolls tho teacher that if there any punish ment to bo inflicted upon bis children, he will do it himself. Recess for ton minutes. Music "Marching Along." Prof. Barlow thon gave a talk upon Literature and Reading. llo said in ordor to got a complete aw of litnratitrA in arihoole. we mliat first understand what litorature is. All mental philosophies agree tbat the montal powers are intellect, sensibili ties, and will. We bave tho torms nowing, feeling, and willing. Tbe truo, tho beautiful, and tbo good. Tho head, the heart, the hand, and many others which aro suggestive of this well recognized division. Now, II words which aro addressed to the intellect alone, such as text books in evory science and art, statute law, and every didaotio treaties must be exclud ed from literature. Only that is litor- ture which concerns iuolt with the sensibilities and will, with tho heart and the purpose. It is the speaking ot the heart and the will to tbe Heart and will. It includes fiction, poetry rama, oratory, eto. Now we find school work at present largoly con- corned with booKB, and but little of tbetrwork is literary. Heading books, study of language, etc., introduce the pupil to the spirit of litorature. It is one thing to learn about litorature, and it 18 quite another to learn it 10 do this, one must read read good books tboso oi standard Rumors, uniiaron should road that which interests them and which they can understand and appreciate, and tho teacher should be able to direct the pupil to tbat which ill bo the best lor Dim. so tne teach er should read aloud and interpret as fully as possiblo every thought and feeling which it may contain. I would not allow pupils to study lossons at homo, but try to help them at home to such good reading tor evening hours mat tney win uccomo possessou oi an intimato knowledge of literary works, tho best works in tbe English lan guage JNo opposition lrom directors or parents will evor bo made to the study of good reading. If possiblo, it should bo the aim ol tho teacher to es tablish a good library In bis school or neighborhood. If one good book can be started on its rounds of reading, it a sufficient loundation tor a good library. Contribute or loan to tho cause all tho valuable books which are on your shelves and which you do not need at present. Ask all tho people to do the same. Get peoplo interested in tba JL.ihre.ry Aewooiektiun, emd to eon erllrntA) buiiiu Bum ttlinnall which will buy new books, "Whore there is a will, thoro is a way." Tbo Instituto then adjourned until It o clock. TUESDAY AFTERNOON. Exorcises wero opened by Rev. M r. Fulton, followed by singing tho "Har vest Song," by the Instituto. Miss Mumio irvin, ol liurnsido, thon read a portion of tho second edition of the paper. Miss Ella Ralston gavo a method of teaching the alphabet. Mr. G. W. Emigh conducted a class drill on tbo subject of Geometry ot Arithmetic. Mr. J. A. Greuorv asked the speaker bow bo would deune a lino, llo re plied. "I would havo tho scholar imag ine a lino across tbo room, and ask if tbey could noo the thickness ol It. Mr. Ii. I'., nebcr then asucd now ho would define a point. Ho replied that ho would toll them that it was where two linos crossed, and as they did not have thickness, it could not. Singing "Tho Wild Bird Song," by Institute. Tbo Institute was next addressed by Prof. Raub. Suhjoct "School Man- SL'ement." He said that the first rcqul sites to successful school management is that of making the school-room a pleasant plaro. This may be accom plisbod in two ways. First By ploo- intl llieru u niennniiv, uuiiiui tvueuui, who shall eert a kindly influencoovcr his pnpils. Second Tho same result will be reached by ornamenting the school-room, in which maps, mottoes, charts and pictures may be used to a good advantage. Much of local geog raphy may bo learned from outline maps hanging on tbo walls, nnd many a moral sentiment is bettor taught from a motto hanging on the walls day after nay than by constant pre cent from tbo teacher's desk. A school is much bettor govornoa wuuoui ruics than with them. A serious mistake of many vountr toachors is that of at tomnting to govorn by a series oi rales. But few rules should be given and none of these should be inflexible On tho subioot of whispering tho Pro feasor gave bis experience while acting as County Superintendent ae against any definito rule with regard to it. He statod that when an attempt was made to suppress it ontiroly, the evil made its appcaranco In some oilier snapo. llo also condemned, ino Idea oi ieni u intr boys and ffirls in separate schools, particularly after tbey roach the ago wbon they are suppoawu to nave guuu sense. Singing "Twilight is railing," by Instituto. Mr. J. R. Wilson, ot Pike, gave lecture on methods of teaching pro irressive eerios of penmanship. Mr. J. U. Mead asked the speakor if he would teach tho suhjoct to tbe holo school. Ho replied tbat bo would. Prof. E. U. Barlow then talked upon literary pursuits. Thonueeition for consideration, "How can a teacher's general knowledge bo utilized in teaching?" was opened by N. M. Jury, of Morris. Instituto then adjourned until nan past seven o clock. WEDNESDAY MORNINtJ. The Instituto convenodat8l o'clock and was opened with nrayor, by W. I Irvin. (in rich ; after which tho Insti tute snr.ir. "March Alone." Tho question for consideration "How raui the toachor aid in Elevating Pub- lie Hohoo Sentiment." was opened by L. W. Berry, Wallaceton. This subjoct was discussed at some lengtn. i ne im portance of the Bobjeet for consideration was presented, and tne main points uia cussed were : First Be interested in Tour work Second Visit parent and school officers. Third Have them visit your school. Fourth Have well organized IJtor ary Societies. Fifth Tbe school room is the teach ore workshop. It is horo tho work of elevating is dono. A. 11. ltoeoncrans, Huston, said be endorsed the gentleman's remarks with two exceptions. Uo said ho opposed the idoa of making the pupils beliove that tho teacher knows ovorything hen ho does not, and also the idea of having visitors principally on special Occasions. Prof. Youngman then offered a sug gestion. 1 he teacher must labor to olovate public sentiment, but be must do so by doing good work in tbo school room. bo school-room IB tbo teachers work- liop. Work properly dono horo will toll in the elevation of public sentiment. The teacber has to do chiefly with tho children. Tako cure of them. Tho parents are beyond our reach. I caro not whether the teacher ever says school outside of the school-ronm. I'cv. aps tho less he says tho better. It is too common for teachers to appologize for his calling. The truo toachor needs no apology lor bis calling, ihougn ho labor in the most obscure district, the pearls be Becks aro of priceless val- Man is bimselt tbe lngueet pro duct of creation with which we have ny acquaintance. His cxcollenco in is manliest montal and moral capaci ties, and to arouse, guide, elevalo and developo this is his peculiar mission. v ii II ..c ,'l-ril.l : ;n..a a . ii. jiuiiic, ui vo-uiiiuu, in illus tration said : "Toll us wbon tho County Superintendent is coming around ? Tell us and the question will bo solved. o can thon bo prepared. Jj. a. w ebor, ot lirady, said no ueart- lly ondorscd noarly all that had been said, but bo thought that one of the grandest agencies to elovato public school sentiment, is for tho teacber to be exemplary of tbe work intrusted to bis care, but ho opposed tho gentle man's assertion tbat tho teacher's work to elovato public, school sentiment is conhnod to the school-room. 1 he teacb er has no bettor opportunity to become acquainted with the condition of bis pupils and to solicit the sympathy and eo-oporation of his parents, than by visiting their homes, and conversing Uh tbom about tho school and tboir children ; for by bo doing he will leave tho impression upon their minds that bo is identified with his work, and in torostcd in their children's welfare, which will remove the existing antipa thy, and place public school sentiment on a desired standard. W. C. Pentz, of Lawrence, said bo found on examination of Report Books tbat tbo list lor visitors ib tilled up with the names of children, and young per sons, who are not interested in tbe work ot education, in place ol the pat rons ol the school, l'oos this list show that public school Bcntimont is being olevatcd ? In answer to tho question when tho County Superintendent is eoming around ho would say : "Keep fixed up all tbe timo and you win nev er bo caiiL'ht in tbe mix." 1 be question tor chart objects and drawing was discussed by w.s. iUin er. of It uaton tin aaid in prnsentinaj tbn Bubiaot, that it baa become almoet universally conceded that drawing Bhould be taught in our common schools. That time can be lound lor it wuuoui sacrificing anything olso. That ho behoved in a short timo it would bo taught in ovcry school in this county. Drawing is a umvorsai ion guago that can be understood by all classes of men. Graphic languago is found amonir tbe Bavage hall-civilized and civilizcu nations ol every part of tho earth, Design is an element in all products of art. Industrial art marks the Progress ol civilization. Then should wo not teach it in our schools f Our common Bcboola aro intended to give to children a good clcmontary knowledge that will be ot use to inem n the common vocations ol Hie, nnd whon all the products of art aro based upon drawing or design, it should be . '...I.. : . VVKn .ke,l.l IUUU.MV I" VUI DtUUVIB. f, iij " not at least givo to children in our pub lie schools nn elementary knowledge of tbe different occupations that are liko- to employ thorn In manbood r "o not advocato tho idoa of teaching drawing as a mere accomplishment, but give them that kind ol instruction that will assist tbo industries ol tbo county. Then the question comes. What oan wo leach tbe cnuoron oi our common schools that will bo of uso to them when tliov oomo to oniratro in tho activo duties ol life? Since a largo num bor ol children attending tho public schools, will become artisans of somo kind, it bocomos our duty to aoqnaint them with tbo Implements thoy will bo called upon to uso when they aro first introduced inlo tbo work-shop, among which are tbo ruler, compass and square. As correct drawing can oniy bo done with tbe uso of those, we can easily Introduce their uso. (Tho sub joct was presented by a largo chart, which was divided into winy-two suc tions containg three hundred illustra tions which wo connot givo in proceed ings.) Mr. A. 1). Wirts, of Piko, snid drawing has not boon introduced in tbiscounty. In Centre it Has. mere you are expected to givo instructions n drawing. II not you must uiko a a back scat. Thoro is no branch in school no easily taught an drawing, (iivo a few inalrucjious each week, and get drawing cards and distribute them among tho pupils and bavo them spend a lew moments eacn evening in mow ing, in a short limo you will havo an interest in drawing, in Conlre coun ty drawing was introduced .by Prof. Mclioo somo lour years ago aim now somo of tho pupils aro all ablo fo draw correct pictures of their homes and surroundings. A. K. Road " 1 do not teacn draw. ing, but if any person can convince mo that drawing would be of great utility n school, 1 would bo glad to inirodtico it. For my own port, 1 am not con vinced that it would bo just, In accord, anco with tho fundamental principle ot tho Common 8ohool, to oonsuma time in discussing it . , 1 J. F. McKonrick delivered a lecture on drawing, with chart. Prof. Iiaub also gavo a lecture. Mnging ny tne Instituto" Twilight is r ailing . "o cess of ton minutes. - ' Miss Sadio Morgan read an ossay entiled "Tbe Sunny Side of Teaching." Lecture upon " Herivations anil i iuhsi- fications of Words," by J. A. Gregory lecture on chart by J. T. Spaokman, upon "Physiology lor lloginners. in stituto adjourned. . . WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON RMHION. Thn Institute was onencd with pray er by John McLarren, of Decatur. Tho . .... u - i' Instituto then sang, " Aiiiunw q"h,. W. C. Penta, of Lawrence, gave a leo tnr ii ioii hia chart, nn " Distinguished Men of Pennsylvania." Ada M. Ale read the first edition of tho " Institute Gazette." Prof. A. N. Ranb gave his closing lecture ot tho wock. llo Rave a ion minutes' talk upon " Ventilalion," lay inir down the nrincinlo that a true sys tem of ventilation must provide for the admission of pure air without allowing the warm air to escape, and that the carbonic acid gas must be expelled at tbe same time. To do this, a tube should be attached to tbo side of tbo school building in such a way as to open into tho school room neur tho ceiling, and have its opening lor tho reception of pure air on tbo outside, near the baso of the building. If no other means aro near at hand, a holo or two borod in tho floor will allow tho gas to cscopo by tho nntural prossuro of tho worm air downward, as it accu mulates. It would bo butter, bowover, to havo theso exits for tho carbonic acid gas to communicate with a booted air flue, which would create a draft and thus carry tbo gas off. Wbon it is not possiblo to have any arrange ment of this kind, tbo samo result may bo accomplished by raising tbe lower sash ot a window, placing a board un der it in such a way na U OTchirln thn cold air. Ibis creates a tube between the two pieces of sash whore they over lap, and allows tbo pure air to enter without permitting tho warm air to escape It is a good plan, also, lo open the door now and then for a moment, wbilo the oIohhos aro changing, nnd by this means let tho carbonic acid gas oBCapo. Tbo floor, bowover, should not remain open long enough to chill tbe pupils and cause tbom to toko cold. Mamie Irvin.ol liurnsido, snng a solo entitled, " We Should Love Each Oth er Moro." The question for dobkto " JScsowv, That the end of education should be tho harmonious development of all tbo powers ratlior than tbo special training of any of its faculties" was colled up. W. A. Ambrose, on the affirmative, said that a knowledge of phrenology is necessary lor the intelligent discus- sion ol this question. Tho development of tho subordinate faculties render tho predominant more efficient. Predomi nant laculties do not always show their strength without some general culture. Henry Ward Beocherdid not manifest bis great tulent until after years of preaching. 1 lie under troin ing ot the impulsive faculties makes a man fanatical ; of the reasoning facul ties, makes bun atheistic. The question was further discussed on tho negative by Matt Savago, of liurnsido, and on tho athrmalivo liy Frank G. Harris, after which W. C. Pentz, of Lawienco, on tho negative, said : is tho end of education a col lege courso, or docs it end with a man's life ? Wo say that it is impossiblo for a man's education to ond with a collcgo course From this point, a man's mind must either advance or recedo, and wo find that it grows larger. Hence, tho college or seminary does not end the. education. Now, if this bo truo, what would tho end if wo were to develop all the faculties equal ly ? The consequonco would bo that our people would all become of one mind, and society would stand still. Every person has a talent for ono par ticular thing, and if tho Great Creator has made this a specialty, why not fol low tbat particular bent of the mind ? ow plnim ! arlnnatn mnsns in lead out ? Xow, if thia bo the cnao, what can prepare tbe mind bolter to bo lead out than a thorough four-years' courso in a good collcgo ? If a man wants to be a farmer, can ho be a car penter, blacksmith, or shoemaker ? We answer, not and every intelligent person will say tbe same. Can a good lawyer be a doctor of medicine, a pro fessor in collcgo, or a naturalist ? No I Ho must follow ono profession, and put all bis time to that, or ho will bo a failure. Could Daniel Webster have taught school and sorrod as Congress man at tho samo time ? You wiil, of course answer no at once Then you will all see bow foolish it would bo to cultivate all tho faculties equally. How did Clay become one of tho greatest statesmen ol bis ago ? How did Cal houn liud tbat cIcar-boudednOBS and clonuenco that distinguished him f Why, sir, tin y cultivated their minds in that direction. IIow did Beccber become tho greatest preacher in tbe World? twiv, bo cultivated that great talent which God gavo him to proclaim Ills word. 1 bey say tbat following one bent of tho mind makes men bmoted and narrow minded. e suppose it would hare such nn effect upon such narrow-minded men as tnoy aro, or any fickle-headed man. But on truly noble-minded men, it would havo no such effect. They say wo do not want men who follow ono lactiity, Those are lust men that wo do want. n Here wouiu neve oeon tun urum-u vi Geometry if some man had not studied bore would have been the branch ol out tbe different laws of that branch f Whore would our great Nowlonian theoroy havo been had not Newton mado .this a special study? When would the powor of steam boon lound out had not the inventor of tho steam engine mado that a special study r horo would have boon our telegraph had not Professor Morso made that a special study for years ? Whore would havo been steam navigation had not Robert ii ulton mado it a special study r Now, we see that wo want men who follow ono bent of tbo mind. Could tho World do without them ? Wo say no. What aro men who try lo follow everything? Why, thoy aro perfect storokcoping a spocial study, and did alliirea I 1J1U not A. J . oiowin mane lie not succeed 1 You answer yes. I am surprised that men who arofollow- iiirr ono bent ol mo minu : men, wno protend to be persons of good judgment ; men, who are trying to train tho mind of th'oyounV, and are bo fickle as to say tho end ol education should bo tbe harmonious dovciopmcni n un tuo powers of tho mind, rather than the special training of any of its faculties. Tho Institute then sang, "Dare to do Right." The Superintendent hav ing requested Prof. Barlow toentertain tho Instituto with readings, tuo icciuio was omitted, llio iToiessor read prose extract npon tho Twenty-third Psalm, "Tbe Schoolmaster's Guosl," and leveral other olcctions. U. C. Youngman gavo instruction upon "Grammar Analysis." A. R. Read addressed the Institute upon " Educa tion an Klemont in Civilization. 1 roi. J. II. young, of tho State Normal School at Indiana, Pa., addressed tho Institute upon "Languago ( ullnro. Institute adjourned. THURSDAY FORENOON SI'.SSION. institute convened at 8) o'clock, and was opened with prayer ny t. a. Ambroso. Mamio Irwin read the sec ond edition of "The Institute Gazotto." Instituto sang " Twilight Is Falling. Prof. Henry Houck, Deputy Suite Superintendent, was Introduced ami gave a lecturo upon "Orthography," n rti es lor aliening, oto. n.o. itbergavo instructions from hischart on objects and drawings. Ho said bo was bulnre-the Institute airain on mat nntinnular so hied " Drawing." He knew there were a largo number of teachers in tho county who opposed tho introduction of drawing inlo tho schools for no other reason than that thev did not understand ft ; but he was glad lltera wero a large number of toachors who were mvoramo to ii, ai though thoy did not undoistand It. Those toachers who oppose drawing in the public schools, and will not study tho subjoct, will be driven from tbe profession, as the time is near at hand wbon it will be taught in every school in the county and State Other State haveadopted it, and some foreign coun tries have been teaching it lor years, anJ tone ef there ran bo persuaded to drop it now. Thon, follow tcachers, bo" prcpBuu. Cu. it a.t vl-iiurSng books, andstudy the subject yourselves, and, if onco studied, you will not op pose it, unpopular as it is. Ho then explained Lis chart, which cannot be given in tho proceedings. Wm. Postlothwait, of Huston, eon. sidered the subject ot "Physical Edu cation Its Place in the Educational System." Tho Institute sang a song onlilled " Winter." Ii. D. Speneer f;avo a lecture upon the " Water c'uva ation of the Globe" J. F. McKonrick addressed the Instituto upon the sub joct, " How Far is the Toachor responsi ble lor the delocts in our bcboois r Prof. Barlow gave a lecture on Read ing, accompanied with selections, alter which tbo instituto adjourned. THURSDAY AFTERNOON. The Instituto conyonod at H o'clock. Matt Savago in tbo Chair. Tho exer cises were opened with prayor by 1'rol. Li. n, eber, ot Brady. A. E. Woolridgo, of Bradford, gavo instructions in "Pennsylvania Geogra phy Outlined." llo said the utility of instructions by outlino and general questions is no longer questioned. All that remains is for teachers to adopt that branch of study that will prove most interesting and instructive. It IB aalil or tbe Spartans that tbey famil la.ll.i:d tbot, liUOtvi, liuiu bllLU nliU tho lives of all the heroes of thoir country. This so enriched the blood of their sons that the lowest Spartan aimed to bo of serrico to bis country. In our school -room instruction, we, as teachers aro too proud to ovorlook tho litllo gems of untold valuo lying all around us, and asking for knowledgo in the rocky cliffs of tbo Alps, or tho burning regions of Africa. Our own glorious Stato with her lessons of greatness stamped upon evory moun tain and vale, ller history of honor and great achievements proudly in scribed upon her tablets, are aliko a lesson and legacy lo bor ambitious youths, and should bo the basis of gen eral lessons lor Pennsylvania schools. Richest gems of knowledge are asso ciated with tbe riso and progress of this great Stato. Almost every moun tain peak and public place affords a volume of information to the mind that longs for a knowledgo of tho in spiring lessons of tbo rise and progress of this great Commonwoalth. But few years bavo elapsed sinco minds much above tbo averago ot in tellects concoived tho idea of giving to tho children of this State a greater knowledgo of its co-evils, rcsourcos, and history. Within tho space of a few yoars has this gem been assidously cultivated, until now, tho teacher who fails to know somo of the men and measures of this Commonwealth fulls much be low the ordinary standard, and must sooner or later step down and out. To bring a chart belore this Instituto to illustrate a method of teaching tbe geography of Pennsylvania has been assigned me, 1 thcrotoro, present it with all its gleaming defects, and it any information can be gleaned from it by my fellow tcaehors, I shall, in deod, feel amply rewarded. If, on the other band, it proves a notorious bur- losquo, 1 shall leel very gralclul tor friendly criticism, that I may bo en abled to improve my mothod. (lie then gave a description of bis chart which cannot bo givon hero.) In con clusion ho said : I havo briefly review ed my chart in your presence That it has provon a great success in iny school, visitors, school ofllcers nnd scholars can testify. I long for tho timo tbat will borald a brighter day for general Icsboiis in our schools. This great Stato, with all its histor ical reminiscence, its battles, its victo ries, its wealth and honor, are teeming with lessons which, if proporly incul cated in tbo young mind, will enrich it, and mould the destiny of its future honor and renown. Let us stamp up on tho young mind tho image of its greatness, and page by pago shall wo be writing tho history ol its future glory and grandeur. Silas Rooco, of Decatur, discussod tbo qnostion for consideration, "What measures will scenro a more gonoral professional growth ?" Miss Jane Shaw, of Goshen, read a paper upon the leading characteristics of good school government. Prof. E. II. Barlow continuod his loctttre on bow to read different classes of ideas, as earnest, noble, pathetic, joyous, etc., and expressed tho hope and conviction that tbo matter could be clear and simple to pupils. Ho closod bis lectures at tho instituto with select readings by request of lb? County Superintendent, W. A. Ambroio, of Huston, address ed tbo Instituto on tho Bubject of "Suo, ccssful Teaching, and its RosulU." Tho question for debate : Rosolvod, "That teachers should form a league for protection against the barriers that , " , -.. of d.a .nd re a d the ?r of profession." B. C. Youngman, on tho affirmative, advocated a higher stand ard of tho profession, and we would soon find protection against any ono who would try to weaken or retard tbo work iu the school-room. E. D. Bottorf, of Osceola, said : Tho low rato of wages at which teachers aro employed ; comparison of condi tions in our schools now, and what they wore five years ago ; tho neces sity of preparation for the work, gives reasons that we must demand just compensation lor our work, or leave tho profession for the benefit of those who teach for the plcaauro ol it alone V. U. Spencer, of Piko, said : Monoy a onlv n meaaur ol value, and if snon. . . . i :n ! -y is valued more than work, will thoro not bo a corresponding increase in value received? The position of tbo teacher is one ot importanco. no teach by cxomplo and precept, and such an act, it it uo successiui, win in- still into tbo minds of tbo young the idea of communism or the ovorthrow of thoir rulers. Better instil tho idea of liberty. We aro the sorvanU of tbo peoplo through thoir directions. Then let us fill tbo position by teaching as servants should. Miss Mamio Irvin then sang a solo, "We should love oach othor moro." Prof. Henry Houck addressed the Institute on school government. Institute adjourned. FRIDAY FORENOON. Tho Institute convenod at 81 o'clock, and was opened with prayer by Rev. Mr. Miller, of Osceola. The question ot -Local Institutes was called up, and en motion, a Local In stitute will be hold at New Washing ton. Commiltcc, Matt. Savage, J. 11. Kolly and J. B. Boyd. It was decided to hold a Local Insti tute at Penfleld. Committoo G. W. Weaver, A. II. Rosonerans and P. M. Raffensborgor. . On motion it was decided to hold a lcal Instituto at Osceola. Commit tee, K. 1). Bottorf, John McLarren, Itev, Miller and Silas Recce. Next was the election of ofllcers for tho ensuing year, which resulted a follows : Vice President Malt. Savago, Burn side ; Winfield S. Luther, Brady. Secretaries Sadie Morgan, Brady j Lizaio Mclihce, Bell. Recording Secretary John A. Gre gory, CurwonBVillo. Tho President called for reports of committees, which reported as follow! ; (hnduiM on Fourth Pujt.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers