TUB - . .. - -
"CLEARFIELD RIPIBLICAV
Tti large Clrr.nl tw l uy Nwr
l rih Central PNa-lratilft,,
rerun of Subscription.
rf .td In lvMia. or rirt.i 4 uiih....t4 IMl
If .bi1 fir Kpirattui l MbiUi., 3 4N
Rates ol Advertising.
.1 tiutf ur $ tt
' t'.tr ewh "uhi'iat inMrtioi M
A lninltrtor' ant Kiftitnrff'nottoM..,,., I 66
Auditor' otti.. J ft
Otationnl Ktr.T. I tft
biwittinn not 1m 1 M
PnrMinnftl Cftnfta. Mom or Im,1 jr
Lel ntlM. pr lln f ft
VRAH1.V ADVBRTIHKMENT8.
I i(Ur OA I I nIihi. fft H
1 lOftrat.,.....! 0 I tolinn. .. ft M
lliurw 10 fl I 1 oLmti.. ........ ISO M
0. R. OOnnLANDRR.
NOEL B. LRU,
luMlit..m.
ifardi.
g T. BROCKBANK,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CLBARFIRLD, PA.
OAoa la Court Roup. ap ti.TT-l;
wa a. aaroListoa,
rata, o'u aica
McClLLIilGlI & BUCK.
ATTORN KVS-AT-LAW,
Inartlcld. Pa.
All l.a.al bo.iaf at promptly attaad.d to. Ofloa
oa boad alraat, in tba alavoBta bolldiBg.
)IO.'?r
" W. C. ARNOLD,
LAW COLLECTION OFFICE.
Cl'RWB.NSVII.LE.
s?S Cl.or.alil Coaacr, Paaa'a. lay
s,
V. WILSON.
ATTOKNEY AT LAW,
Office cWr ratt of Wtr Hotat liuildinf.
otoiti L'utirt Houta.
pt.,'77. CLKAKFIKLI), PA.
riot, a. m'BRr.
MURRAY & GORDON,
ATTORN EY8 AT LAW,
CLKAKFIKLD, PA.
ptr Offlca la l'it a Open Hoom, roeond floor.
:JU'7f
FRANK FIELDING.
ATTOKN EY-AT-LAW,
Cierflid. Pa.
Will titod to oil bnipM oBtrnftotl to biai
pioiuptly and laiitifulljr jau I'T t
WILLIAM A. W A LI-AC a
Aaar r. vallacb.
BATI h. (KM.
JO0 V. WM0LBV
WALLACE & KR.EBS,
ATTORN KYS-AT-LAW
jaml'TT Clarllld. Pa.
OHBPB B. a'SMALLT.
dabibl v. a'crau.
McENALLY & MoGUEDT,
A rroUNEYS-A'l-LA VV.
t learfleld. Pa.
p&'lAf bailneia attnid to pruuiptl wtta
iideiity. unit m noooad atrou. anurc ;a Firm
NatinaaJ Dank. Jaa:l:7
G. R. BARRETT,
AtTORNKT ANU CoUhHKLOR AT LAW,
CliBAKPtKLD, PA.
HaviBK rationed kit Jadabip, baa mataed
ht praetioa uf tha law ia bit old offlot at Claar
tUt Pa. W1H tiood thi- eourtt of Jffraua and
Klk ooaatia wba ipieially reiaioed In mianeetioa
ailb rrfitlatii AiiUDsttl. Jam 11
A. G. KRAMER,
A X T O RS EY-AT-LA W,
RmI B.t.to mo4 CollctiiB Af.ot,
CLKARflKI.il, PA.,
Will prraptly attebd to all I.1 boilnail aa
Ira.lml to hi. flr.
JPtrOffio. la P.' 0nra ll'aa. Jal".
H. W. SMITH,
A TTOIIN RY-AT-LA W.
1 1 1 7 s I'leira.ld. Pa.
WALTER BARRETT,
ATTORNEY AT I.AW
liearfrld. Pi.
-OIHo la Old Wuurn Mold biiMitla
i.ra.r af d.otad an J Mitrk.l 8u. lai.rSI,na
ISRAEL TEST,
ATTORN K Y -AT LAW.
Clearfield, Pa.
-ll"Jr. la tha Coart Hnoi. JII
RF.ED &, 11 AGEHTY,
btALfl'-N ia
HARDWARE, FARM IM LEM. NTS,
lliMarc, Plana, aac,
UI,7T "it ad r-lri.1, Ir.rl. H, Pa
JOHN L. CUTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
tad Meal Batata Afeut. laarfle Id Pa
OSr. aa Third ilraat. b.l.t'h.rrj A Walaal.
r R..p.etfollj ofara bli larilcat la ellln
tad aaylag laada la Olaarflald aad adjolalaa
Matlat 1 aad witbaa aiparlaaeaot ovartwant.
j.ir, aa a aar.avor, flattart bimiell that ha aaa
anaar aatlaraailaa lo
J. BLAKE WALTERS,
REAL ESTATE BROKER,
aaa aaALaa ta
Saw liopi aud Ijiimbor.
0LS4KFIKLU, PA.
OIBa. la Urabaai'a a.w.
1:11:71
J. J. LINGLE,
ATTOKNKY-AT-LAW
I:IS PblllMkurs. Caatra ta.. Pa. 7 pd
DR. W. A. MEAN8,
PHYSICIAN A 8U RO EON
LtiTIIKKBUUKll. PA.
WiM atlaad arotaaaweal aalla praaiptl;. aaalll'Ti'
DR. T. J. BOYER,
P U Y S 1 C I A N ANUMUKOttiN
OSaa aa Markat Mtraat, ClaarBald. Pa.
-OBoa bwerai U II a. a, aad I ta p. 1
D
R E. 11. BCIIEURER,
HOallCOPATHIO PIIYNICUI",
OAaa la Ittldtae aa I iral at.
AprU M, W7I. Cl.ar.ald, Pa
no .1 P RIIRC H FIELD
Lata flargB af tba lid Ma.lajaat. P.an.rl.ani.
Varaaaaare. kaala. ralaraad froai Iba Aravi.
afara hit pr.faaal.aal aarilaaa I. Uaaitliaaa
af Claardald Hail J.
ar-rraf.irlaaalaalla piaaiptlj atuaiad la.
oaaa aa Haaaad atraai, iaraariiMa.p
Dr.WaWa. laprl.'.a-u
DR. H. B.VAN VALZAH,
OFFICE IN MAKOMCBUILUIKO.
. pr OAoa koara-Fraai II l I r.
1 Mat 17, 1TI
WILLIAM M UBXHT, Ju.tice
or rna Pauea aaa (tcalTaaaa, LUMUIH
CITY, ClkatMaa awda aad aaaMp praapil)
paid arar. ArUabMat a.raaaa aad daada a I
aoarafaaaa aa.il aaMatod aad varraatad aar
ran ar a. abara UljW
J AM E 8 H. LYTLE,
la krataar'a Balldlnf, ClaarteM, Pa.
DaaUf la OroMlbM, Prarialaaa, VagauMaa,
Fratta, Hoar, Faad, ala. ala.
aprU'lt.lf
HARRY flNTDF.ll.
VAkRER AUD HAIHllREIUJER.
Mop aa Marbat Ht.. appwUa Cart Uuaaa.
A cUaa lawal frr avarj aaatoaaar.
Alta aaaafalarar o
All Klada af Artklaa U llaaaaa Hair.
Clrar..le, Pa. aa.y l, 'ta.
JOHN A, BTADLER,
RAKER, Markat , Claartald, Fa.
' Fraak Iraad, R.ab, Ralla, F-iaa aad Oakaa
aa baad ar aad. ta ardar. A fMraral aaaarlaiaat
af Canfaatraaarraa, Fralta aad HaU la aant.
Ua Oraaa aad Orrlan k. aaaaaa.' (alaa aaarl;
apaoaMa iba poaioSaa. Faiaaa aaodirala
Marak l-ta.
GEO. 2. OOODLANDIR, Proprietor.
VOL. 5I-WH0LE NO.
tCards.
JOHN D.THOMPSON,
Jh(Im f lb Pea- nd Rarivantr,
(r.wUMVille. Pa.
MuCollMtlom at Aia and nonnv promiitl
ttaid iwatp. ffhai'7IM
RICHARD HUGHES,
JUBTICB OF THE PEACE
rna
Ittcnlur Taunthlp,
tlaarola Mill. P. O.
ll ofllclal buvinarr antraplad t htn lt h
pruaiptly atrdd t. mrliVtf
THOMAS H. FORCEE,
aaataa ia
iknekal mkkihaniii.sk,
URAHAMTllN. Pa.
Alav. aitaaaira ajanul4-turar and daalar in Pquar
Tiaibar aad nawad Laniberol all kioda.
avOrdm aallaltrd and all billi promptl'
Iliad. JT1,'
REUBEN HACKMAN,
House and Sign Painter and Paper
Hanger,
. ( learUrid. Petin'a.
rauWill aiMOU ioba la bia line promptly ann
ta a workiaanlika naonar. arr4,67
G. H. HALL,
PRACTICAL PUMP MAKER.
NEAR CLEAHFIKLD. PENN'A.
p Purnpi alwavi on band and mad to order
an t holt notioa. IN dm borad on rainabl ttnai
All work warranted to render atiatlactton, uu
dallTarad if deitred. - myJ6:lypd
E. A. BIGLER & CO.,
BBALBIta Ifl
SQUARE TIMBER,
aad aiaaulMtarara of
ALL kISKH lip HAW I l 1.1 Mlli:H.
-T71 C1.E4RFIKI.D. PKNN'A.
JAS. B. GRAHAM,
daalrr ia
Real Estate, Square Timber, Boards,
SIIINCII.B.S, LATH, A PICKETS,
:I7J Clrarn.ld. Pa,
WARREN THORN,
BOOT AND hllOE MAKER,
Market t.. ClearOeld, Pa.
Ia tha abip laialy aoeaplad by Praak Short,
00a door Waal of Allrghftnv Hoa.
ASHLEY THORN,
ARCHITECT, CONTRACTOR and I1UILDER
Plana and Itpt'elBeatlona furnltbad for all kiod.
of boildiaaa All aurk Ural alaai. biair buil'l
ia. a ,)ll.r,
P. 0 addrrai, Claarll.ld, Pa. J-TTtf.
R. M. NEIMAN,
SADDLE and HARNESS MAKER,
ttuiubarger. Clearlield Co.. Pa.
Ktrpiun band all kind of ItaraeM, Baddln.
bridli,and Hum KurulibiB Uooda. Hnair.0(
prnif'ti) allondi'd to.
Rainbargcr. Jan. I, !H77-lf.
JAMEaS JI1T1 HELL,
DRALB IB
Square TiihIkt & Tiuibur LandH,
.l l'TJ Cl.KAHFIKI.D. PA
J. K. M'MUUUAY
WILLDI'PILV Vol WITH ANY aRTICI.r
OF MbKCIIAN'tllSK AT THE VERY LOW EM
PRICE. IO.MK Nil rKK.
NEW WASHINGTON.
Llvrry Ntable.
' pll B andert.jr.ned ixg leave to taiorn the pnri
1 It that bn i aow fully prepar"' to aoeoaiBiu
4u all Id tb way of fornih.ng H..mi, bajtmeai
Haddlea aad UarneM, ua the horttJl oetior anit
en rettaonabl tortai. Keaideooe oa Locaal treft,
Mlweeo Third and Fourth
UKO W. HKARIIART.
artldld fh 4. IAT4
S. I. SNYDER,
oRirrtrn. w a tp 11 if a v tea
eJ aan aaAtaa ta
Watohea, C'lotka and Jewelry,
ffraaaa.' ifoai, Markrt Araat,
CLBAHPIKLD, PA.
All kind, of rapalring la mj linr prc.mptlj at
ndrd hi. April 7.1. I7t.
NEW BOOT ANDSH0E SHOP.
Tb uodtmlgnrd would in form th puMi thai
he ki rfoiort-d hi H'-ot and Hboe Hhop tn ihr
nmai latplj orouid Jo". UertnK. ia Shaw
Kw. Market plrit. wher be il prepired to at
trarl to th wnnt of all who dm I Aoyrhim ia bU
Wat. All work doaa by bin will tw of tb bv
iuatrll,Dd guiirBlMd to be Brit-rlaft in Wfry
reipMt. HpairtnK promptly Attend"! to. AH
kiad ol Lentbrr and bl'e uKuf f.T'
JOHN SCHIKFKR.
nar..rM, Pa,, Joly Ifl, IHT7 Dta.
Clearfield Nursery.
EKC'OUUAd'K HOME INDUSTRY.
'I'ilE aadarrlcard. barin. ailahltibad a Nar
1 aar na ibr Pik., ai uut hair ? holwara
t'l(iflld aad t'orvin.fiH., In praparad to lar
aiab .11 kiada of r RUT TRRKd. (.taadard aad
d.arf.) Enrrana, Hhrul,M, Urai. Vina..
Iltwalwrry, Luwtoa Rlavktiarrr, tiirmalxrrv,
aad H.rpnarr. Vlnva. A to. bib-riaa Cran Trt-...
Uaiaoa. and r.rlj narlal Khi,.rl. Aa. Order,
proaipth atltbdod tu. Adilraaa,
r i. D. WlllflllT.
aaa2n ."- Curaan'villa, I'a.
ANDREW HARWICK,
Market Mreet, t IrarOrld. pa.,
aAaoracraaaa Ann pbalbb ib
t)ARES, .ADDLE.,, BRIDLE"., COLLARS,
aad all Hod. of
H0K.1t rVKSIMIIlttl OVODS.
A foil atoab of Haddlarl' llardwara, llro.b.
cBibi, BlaBkata, Robaa, ala., Al.njl oa bBit
and for fala at tka loaaat aaik prioaa. All bid.
of rrpairtag pri'mptlr ailatidad to.
All kia.la l bldaa lakan in a.oha. .a for hai.
n.u and rapBl'Inf. All klndi of n.ri.r.i l.alliai
apl oa aaua, an. inr a.pr a. .
Cl.ar.nld. Jaa. I, IH7II
E. WARING'S
LAW BLANKS
Far aala at tha CkarDald RaicaLicia i.ra
Tht ajtoal fompltle HrrUn mf Latr
Blnnkt pvHIhtH.
Tbraa lllai.ka art follan ap la raprrlar iljrla
at. af anilwai aiir, aad foinubvd at tar; la.
Igaraa for aaab.
Call at Iba llprraitra ' aad aiaaila
tbrai. Ord.ra by ai.il pr.,a..t'r .ld
Addna., 4IU0DI.ANDEH A LIE,
Jala . I'TT II. Charta d Pa
JOHN TROUTMAN,"
DEALER IN
FURNITURE,
MATTUKIHMEIH,
AMD
Improved Spring Beds,
MARKET RTREET, NEAR P.O.
. . , ... iKr.. ik. .III.
Tba aaaar.iriaa . ..... -
aaaa of Chnrtald, aad tba pablla frnarallj. tba'
B. Baa aa . www, - --
..ok aa Walaat, Cbaatnal aad Paiatad Ckaaabrt
daltM, Parlor 8 altar, Rlinln aad Eitaa..
Cbalra, ladlaa and OraU' Eaar Chain, Iba Par
faralai Dlaia. pad Farter Cbr., Caa. fla aj.d
Wrad Cbalra, Clalbaa Kara, Hup aad Eilaa
iaa Laddwa, Raoki, Barabbiag Bm.bta, Aa
MOULDINO AND PICTl'RE FRAHKii.
Olua... OkRatM. A a., ablak aaakj
arttd. M U..UV Frjrta,
- 2,551.
MR. HAYFiS' MESSAGE.
Fellow Citi:rns nf Vie Striate and House
of Ki prtttnUtlive :
Willi devout gralituile to the hnuii
lil'ul (iiver tit all ifoil, 1 toii(ratMlule
ou tliut, at the lHai iinitii; til juiirliivt
ri'iiliir m tu-uiti, Jim tincl nur inunlry
1'liM.eil with brullli and n'uce and
il iniiliiiit bnrvenla, uml with i in .mr-
Ixi'taC ir.n.i't:lM i.f uti rurly rtitiirn id'
t-hfiul iriHieriiy. Tu iomiliilo utid
iiiukt it'riniiii.'iil llit' mritirulioii d' tlie
ciiutilry it.i.l iiiiit-n to bu, ami, until it
a at'i uiiiililit'd, tiiuat runiain ll.e n o-t
Mipiiltilhl tit ull our iiiiiuimuI iuiiTrsin.
Die etti'iitat Hii',oie of jtihiiI filizcria
ili'iicrullv tu tiiiilt. llit'ir ttrnrta in tliia
endt'BVnr, in i-viilrnt inmi the dut iilvd
-Xr.'Miiin in the rvmiliitioiiHaiinoiinoi d
in 1870 in iliu Nhi i.iititl t'liiivfiiliiitin id
i lie Lading uiiilml urtu id' tliv
I'lintry. Tli.ru hh a wide irvud
aiirilu'ii.-iiili llmt the iiioineiitiiiia ro
wiiia ul our iini)rcHa u nation, marked
the ri'i'eut aiiu-tiilini'iita to the Con
-til uti it, were in imminent Jeopardy ;
that tlio itihkI iiiiilerntiiiiilin which
iiiiniiUd their udoitioii in the iultrent
of a lojal duruiioti to tlio gtnerul wul
11110 tni-ht tii'ovu a liurmii truee, atid
the two bi'LtiiiiM of the country mire
ii(s-ui:i-u in civil atrile, iniht bu unain
.in wiili'ly auvurud, and dimmited aa
i hi .y v. oru w hen arrayed in annn auitint
each other.
THE C0CR8E TO BE 1'Ullst'tD.
The Colin) tu be purnued, which, ill
my judgim-nl, buumeU wisiat ill the
pri'M. neeot llna eliiei'-uiicy, wua iluinly
iiidicuted in my niuu-ruial aildruna. It
loihted tu the time, which all our no
ile di-airu to ace, when a genuine love
of our whole country, und ul ull that
I'oncuriia ila wclluru, ahull Hiiidunt the
dcatruciive tort-i-H of niiiiiiul aniiiioniiy
ol races, und nut'tiouut hoatiltty Opiu
lotia huvu ditt'i-rcd widely aa the Itiuaa
irca buht culciiluled tu accuru thia greul
enil. Thia wua tti be expected, Tliu
iiKunurca udoptud by the Admininlra
lion have been aubjefted lo nevure and
taricdciiticiniii. Any coumuwhutovcr
nhich mifild buvu been entered upon
would have eneountered Uinirual and
opjH-ailioii. Tbeae incaaurea vaeru, in
my judgment, auch aa were moat in
harmony with thu Conalitiiliun, und
Willi thu gemua ol our people, ami best
a'liiplcd under ull eitcuiiiniuiieva tu at
Uti n tl.o end in view, lioneficent re
kiiIIb already up uruiil pmve that thoe
ndcavora are not to bu regarded ua a
uieiu experiment, and ehould auntuiu
,tnd t ncourue ua. In tmr efforia ul
roudy in the brief lime which baa
eliipAed, the imiiiediale eU'eciievnena,
no Ua thuu the junliee, of th'i coil me
pumueil la duutonitu-ulfd. and I have
.in ulu'lmg Jul ill thul lime will furnii-h
ninpiu vilidit-ution to themiiidaof
the great muinriiy ol my Iclluw-cili-zena.
INTERFERENCE OF THE ARMY.
Tlie iliaeoiiliniiuiice nl iheuao nl (he
army for the ptirpiMt- ol holding local
4iui nitienta in tuo Stati aol the Union
aaa no ha a t'onatittiiioiiat duty and
requiritiei't, under the circuiin-iuuce.
exi-iing ul Hie lime. Until it wui-a tiiiieb
, eedeil meanure lor the realoralioii ol
Iih-uI aelt ovurittiieii', and the promo
lion of hurni'iny. t he witliihawal of
thu tita pa from auch employ meiil waa
effected Uelioeinnlv and llli aollci-
toua etiru tor the a-Hiae und goiMl tmlcr
I wK'tett and the protection of the phi
perly and iierHona and every rilu ol
ull cinaaeaol t'lliaeiia. The ivaiilla thai
havu lollowed pro, indeed, ainitlcunl
and eiicourairiiii;. AIL appixheiiMon
ol dungut from t utiiitliiiir llio-H) Slatia
lo local aell -Kiivvrinuoiit la tliaiiellea,
und a mo-t aululury t baii'ru in I ho
niilida of the poople baa beun and la
hi prcgrena in every purl ol that nee
tiou til ihu tiiuiilrv oueu tho theatre of
utilinppy civil atnfe, BiilmliHUlnn liir
aiiaiiicit n, ilinttiiat and uruiKioii.
coiicoid, Irietidnhip and pairiolio ut
lacbiiielil to the Union. 'o iinpru
jndiced mind will deny that the U-rri
hie and often luiul cnlliaiona, which for
ncvurul yeura hate beeuol frequent oc
cum nco, und huvu airituluil and ulunn
ed the public mind, tiitve ulinoat entire
ly ctuaed, und llmt a apiril of mntiiul
lorlnaraiice und ueuity lialiouul niter
it baa aiicceeded. i'beio haa lieen a
Keiierul re unlaldinhiiiuul ol tinier and
of the orderly udininiairulion til jnalice.
InaluticeHul remaining la wleaaiienahuve
become ol rare occurance. Folilieal
liirtiioil and turbulence have diaup
pturud, unelul iudiinlriea hut'e been re-
nulled, miiinc c leu it in inu nouiuum
Si hi en baa been really ntren-jtheiiud,
and Ihu encoiirai'iui: Iwnellla ul a re
vivul ol cuniineiee between theaoctiona
of coiintryjulcly ouibmiletl in civil war
art) lully enjoyed, aucu uio aoiuu ul
the reaiittn uli'eaily all n i lied, upon
abich Ihu counlry ia to bu cotifrrulu
luted. Tbcy aru of auch iiiipunuiice
thul we muy, Willi coiillilence, puliutii
ly uwail lliedeniredcoiiiiimmutiolitliat
ill aural) come witu inu imiurui pro.
greaa of evenla.
THE CoLORf D PEOPLE.
1 1 muy not bu improper here to .ay
i bat it aliould be uur fixed and unal-
erable deierniiualion lo prut-ft, by all
available and proper rniana under the
Coitlliillon and lawa, the lulely email
cipuL-d race in the enjoyment of their
i ehlun l privileiea, ami 1 uriea npoi
lb me In whom hi retolora the colored
people have .untamed thu relation of
bomiiiieii, the wind. 'in and juatice uf
Immune und liberal local Itvmluiioi
with re. 'pert tu llieir ediieatioti and
-renei ul at t ilt. tei. A firm adhnn'iii-u In
thu luwa, bulb Nniiuniil and Klale, aa
tu the civil and polilii ul nlita of the
colored people, now advanceil In full
and equal t ilixeiialnp; the immeiliate
n pn aalun and aim' piininbmeiit, by the
.Nulmnul anil local uiilliorillea, witnin
i heir rentiective jiirindicliona, of evmy
in-lanru of lawlet-anuna and violence
toward thein.i requind for theaecuri
ly, ulike, of both rnctM, and ia juatly
demanded by the public opinion of the
country and the aire. In thia way lh
rvaloralioii til harmony und)(iaKl will,
and the complete lirotcrllnn of every
cilixen in the lull enjoy incut of every
ooimliliilioliul riltbl. will purely bout
tuined. Whatever authority real, with
me to lh in end I ahull Hot beniluto In
put forth, n hatevur belotia to the
(Kiwer of Ci)ign m and the Jurttlu lion
ul the nutria of the Union, they may
ooiifldvltlly ho relied upon tn imivide
and perlorm. Ami totiie Lie-riaiaturea,
the courta and the exwutlve anthorl
tie uf Ibe aev, ral Si ale-, I carnoally
B peul lo aet iirc, by adequate, apprtt
priale and rvaaunablti nieana within
their bonlera, tbimo coinnion and ttiii
lorin riirhtn of a united peoplo wbicb
lovoa hherly, ahhora oppro-winn anil
r.,v..tea iualii e. Thcao obiecta are very
dear to my heart I .hull continue moat
eurneally loalnv lor ineir aiiuninieui.
Tho rurdial cu owraliotl of all claaaea,
ot all auction, of tho country, and of
both mm ia rvomrud for thia iiurm-ae,
and with than ble'atri aaritiretl, aitd
r...t ntharaiaa. w. mav falelv hope to
hand down our Irc-a inatllution. of
(rnvernment unimpaired to too gouer
atlon. inai win ucoi .
CLEARFIELD, PA.,
THE FINANCE QUKHTION.
A monu tbo aubiecta ol'irrcut and iroii-
oral impurtuncu to the people of thia
country, 1 cannul be mialuketi, I think.
in reuurdniir aa pre eminent the policy
and tiieaaurea which ant deaigned lo
aucure the rvaloralioii uf tbu currency
tu that iiortnul and huallhlul condition
in which, by the rcau nipt ion uf apeciu
puymenla, our internal trade and tor
ein commerce may bu brought into
tiariiioiiy with theayalem ul excliaiiLtea
which ia baaed upon lite piucioua nielula
ua the iutriuaiu money uf the woild.
In tlie public judunieiit, thul thia end
ahuuld be sought and bompaaaed aa
-.eudily and aecurely aa the reauurcca
ol Ihe people and the wiadoin ul the
Uovvriinieiil can accumpliah, theru ia
a much grtater degree ul unanimity
thuu ia tound lo concur in the apecitiu
nieunurea wbicb will bring the eouutiy
lulhindeaired end,orthuiupidtty of the
atep by which it cult be aulely reuched.
Upon a moal unxiuua una delibeiulu
cxaniliiulioii, which 1 have lell It my
duty to give to the aubject, I am but
the more cuuHinied hi the opinion
which 1 exiireaaud ill accepting the
nomination for the Freaideiicy, and
again upon my inauguration, thai thu
policy ul reauuiplion ahould be pursued
by every auiluoh) nieuna and thul no
leginluliun would be wine that ahould
dmparugu the importutice or retard the
atlainmeiil uf that reatilt. I have nu
diaKMitioii, and cerium ly no right, tu
qiiualion the aincurily ur the inlulli
gimce of opponmg opiniuna atid wuuld
neither conceul not' unuervuluo the
couaideruble dilllculliea, and even ou
uitaiouul distruaa, which muy attend the
progress ol the nation tuwurda thin
piiniury condition to its general and
permanent proaperiiy, 1 niual, how
ever, adhere lo my moat eurnent con
viction llmt any wavering in pur pone,
or in ateudineaa ill method", ao lar lioin
avoiding or reducing the iiicoiivetiieneu
inacpui'ublu Irotil the tiuiiaitlou Iroui
un irrvileeinuhle 10 a redeemable paper
currency, would only tend lo increunu
and prolonged dialuibunce in values,
and unleSa retrieved, must end in seri
ous dinordcr, dinhoiiur and dinaalur in
tbu fliiuiiciul affuira of thu Govuniment
und thu people. Tho nimchiela whieii
I apprehended and urgently duprecute,
are confined to no claaa of the people,
indeed, but seem to me moat curluinly
lu threaten the industrious maaaea,
helhur their occuputiuna are of skilled
ur uf coinmun luhor, au that il aeema
lo mo it ia ul prime imporluucu that
tbeir luhor ahould be conpenaatud in
money in itnvlf fixeJ in exchangeable
vulue, by biin ( Irrevocably muuntiicil
by tho luhor iieceaaary lu its protluc
tlon. Thia apportionment of the quality
ol the money uf thu people ia nought
for, and can only be gained by the ru
aiimptiou uf apeciu pay mt nla. i'hu
neb, Ibe speculum o, Uiu operutlng, the
money deuling clunaea, may not alwuya
Icel the nnachieta, ur may find caaual
pnitlta in avariaLle currency ; but the
minlortuiiea of such a currency to thoau
who ure paid nalnnei, or wages, are
itiealeulabla
THE SILVER DoULAta.
Cloaclv uonnecled with thia general
subject of the rentunptiuii of specie pay
ments la one ol subordinate, but alill
ul grave iuiMirlaiicv. 1 mean the re
aojiiatmeni of our cuinagn y-.leiu by
tne renewal ol tbe silver doilur aa an
element in our specie currency, en
dowed by legi-dullon with the quuliiy
of legul trlider to a greater or leas ex
tent. Aa there is imdoiililol Hie 'Miner
ul t ougruna under the Uonstiluliuu to
coin money aud regulate the value
tliereol', and aa thia power covera the
whole range id am horny applicable to
Ihe metal, thu ruled value and the
legal tender quality which shall bu
adopted lur the coinage, ihu connidera-
lions which ahuuld induce ur diacour-
ugu a purttcuiur measure connected
with Ihe coinage belonging clearly lo
the province of the leginluiivo tlincre-
tion and of public exiicdluncy. With
out intruding upon the province of leg
inlation in the leant, I baveyol thought
the auhjeclof nueh critical importance in
tbe actual condition of our att'uira aa to
prercnl un occasion lur tbu exorclne of
tbe duty imposed by thu Ctinatiliilion
on the President, of recommending lu
the consideration or longrvas auch
meunurea aa bu shall judge necessary
and exiHNlient. Holding the opinion,
as I do, that neither tlie Interests ol
the Government nor I lie people uf the
United btates wuuld be promoted by
disparaging silver an one of the two
precious mulais wiiu 0 iiiriiisn mo com-
uge of the world, and that legislation
which looks tu mainlititiing the volume
of intrinsic money to aa full a meuaiiro
of both hieUils as their relative com
inercial values will permit, wuuld be
neither unjust nor inexpedient
I must ask your indulgence to a briui
and definite alulumentol certain oa-wn-tial
features in any such legislative
mcasuro, which I feel il my duty lo
recommend. I do not pro'Kwe to enter
Ihe debate roprcsenled on boih sides
by snch ahlo disputants In Longnias.
und before tho people, and in the pros
aa to the extent to which the h gi-lit-
lion of any one nation can coin nil thin
question, even within Its own nortlurs.
nguinsl thu unwritten laws ol truilo, or
the Hwitive laws ol nl her governments
The wisdom of Congress in shaping
any particular law that may be pre
sented for my approval may wholly
iiiH.-rcede the necessity uf my entering
iiiliitheseconniileraliona, and 1 willing
ly avoid either vague or intricate in
quiries. ' It is only certain plain and
practical traits of such legislation thai
I desire, tu roconttnend to your alien
lion. In any legislation providing tor
a silver coinage, regulating its value
and imparling tu il the quality of legul
tender, it soeiim to me of great im'sir
nni-a that Congress should nut lonesighl
id its action as operating in a two-fold
capac ity and in two distinct direction..
II tho tJniled Htatea Government were
tree from a public debt, ila legialalive
dealing with Ihe question nl silver coin
age would be purely sovereign and
governmental, under no restraints but
i hone ol Constitutional aiwer and the
public gtasi aa affected by the pmoacd
legislation. Hut in the actual cirutim
sianres of the nation, with a vast pub
lio debt distributed very widely among
our own rilitens, and held in great
.mounts, also abniad, the nature of the
silver coinage measure aa affecting thia
tvlaliou ul ihe Government to the hold
ers of the public debt liecomes an ele
l .,n,,d..jt li.,lulul Inn tf tllH
highest concern. Theobligatinn of the
public faith transcends all questions of
profit or public advantage. Otherwise,
it. unquestionable maintenance is the
dictalo of th highest eXHxliuncy, as
well ol tho roost neoessary duly, and
will be eer carefully guarded by Con
gress) and the people alike.
INTEREST ON THE PUBLIC DEBT.
The public, debt ol the United Stale.,
to the amount ot 1729,000,000, bears
interest at tbe rat. of six per cent., and
1708,000.000 at th rate ol fire per
cent, and the only way In wbicb tbe
country can ba relieved irom me fmy
PRINCIPLES, NOT MEN.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1877.
i
ment of theau high iRtua of inloiol is
by advantugeoimly felunding the lu
dubtedliesa. Whether tho debt is lilll
mutely paid in gold silver cuin is ot
little moment compared with the pusni
ble reduction of intdrust tu une-lhird
by refunding II at alien reduced ralo.
Il the United Hlalc. lad thu unqitua
llulied right tu pay Ua bunds lu silver
coin, the little benefit from that pro
cess w uuld be greatly uvVi balauced by
the injurious ctluul of auch payment, it
made ur piiiHised aguinal the bonusl
convictions ol Ihu public, creditors. All
thu bouda that huve been issued aiuce
Februury, 1H73, wbvD the only unlim
ited legal tender wad hi the metallic
currency ul tbu counuy, are juatly pay
able in good coin, or an cum ul equal
Value. During tbutniuol these issues,
the only dollar that kuuld be, or wsa
received by the Government, in ex
uliangu lur bouda, a avHIte gold dullur.
To require the public creditor to lake
in repay meiil any dollar uf less com
meieial value, auulu be regarded by
them aa a rupudialioii uf Ihe full obli
gation assumed. Tha bouda issued
prior to lb73 were Issued al a lime
when the gold dollar Wis Ihu only com
in circulul loll or coiiluui'iluled by either
thu Government or the holders uf the
bunds as tbe coin in winch they were
tu bu paid. Il is lur butter tu pay
these bunds in that Coin, than lu seem
to luke advantuge ul the uiiloraeen lull
in silver bullion tu pay in a new issue
of silver Coin thus luada so much leas
valuable. The puwer uf tbo United
Stale to cuiu money, lo regulate the
vuluu thereof, uitghl uever lu be exer
cised lur lite purpose uf enabling the
Government lu pay II. obligations in a
cuin ul luss value than llial contempla
ted by the parous wbuii tbo bonds
were issued. Any attempt lo pay the
national indebtedness in a coinage uf
less cummurciul Value tliun Ibe Inuiiey
ol tlie wuild wuuld involve a violation
ol thu public lui lit and work irruparu
ble injury to tbe public credit. It waa
tbe gruat men I ul tlio act ul Murch,
18UU, in strengthening the public credit,
ibat il removed all duull aa to the pur
pose of the United Slutos tu pay their
bunded debt in coin. Tb'.l act waa ac
cepted aa a pledge of public fuilb.
A RKUIICTIUN OF THE ISTXREST RATE.
Tbe Government hue derived greul
benefit froir. it in the progress thus tar
mudu ill refunding the public debt ala
low raleul interest. An adherence tu
the wiae and Just polity uf an exact
observance ol thu pulillu fiulh will
enable the Government rapidly to re
duce the burden of Interest on the
national tlebl to ail amount exceeding
f2d,UOO,U0O per annum, and effect an
ULT-riCiiulu saving to thu United Stalea
ul more tliun l:iUU,(IU0,UUO before the
bonds cuii be lully paid. In adopting
Ihe new silver coinage lu the ordinary
uaoa of currency in the uvery duy trans
actions uf life, and prescribing the
quality of legal u nder to lie assigned
tu it, a cuiinideraiiun of the first im
portance ahould be to ao adjust the
ratio between the silver and Ihe gold
coinage which now constitutes uur
shsji. uurrutioy, w. tu aceiitliptlsb llie
desired end ul maintaining tbu circula
tion uf IbolMO nietad c currencies and
keeping up the Volume of thu iwu pru
eious metals as our intrinsic money. Il
is a mixed question for scieiitifiu reason
ing and historical expuneitee lo deter
mine bow lar and by whul methods a
practical equilibrium call bu maintained
which will keep bulb metals in circula
tion in their appmpriale spheres ot
coinnion use. Au obsoltilo equality ul
eominerciul value, free Ironi disturbing
fluctuations is batdl) attainable, and
without it an unlimited legul tender
fur private transactions assigned lu
both niulala would irnwisiibly lend tu
drive uul "!' circulation thu dearer
coinage, and disuppoiut the principal
object proposed by tbo legislation in
view.
I tiiinrchnnd, therefore, that tho two
conditions ul a neur approach to equal
iiy ol coinmerciul value between the
gold and silver coinugu uf tho sumo de
noniiiiation, und of a limitation of llie
umiuiiils lor which tho ailvur coinage
ia tu bo legal tender, aru essential io
maintaining buth ill circuhtliuu. II
these conditions can bu successfully
observed, Ibe issiiu Iruin thu mint of
silver dollars would uft'ot'd muleriul
assisluncu to thu community in the
transition to redeemable paper money,
und would facilitate the rustimpiion of
specie payment and its permanent
establishment. Wilhoiit thesu condi
tions I feur that only
MlBCIllt.r AND UlsruKTUNE
Would flow from a coinugu uf silver
dollars with Ibe quality uf unlimited
legal lender. Even in private trans
actions, any ex'ieclalinu ol temporary
ease from all issue of silver coinage, lu
pass aa a legal lender ul a rule niuleri
ally above us coiniiioicial value, ia, I
am persuat'ed, a delusion, nor can 1
think thai theru is any substantial dis
tinction between uu original iaauu ot
silver dollars, al a nominal value male
riully abuve their coiumeiciul vulue,
and the reaturaliun t the ailver dollar
at a rale which unce waa, but baa
ceased lu he, ils coinmerciul value. Cer
tainly the issue ol our gold cuinago re
duced in weight muloriully below ila
logul lender value, a im d not lie ihu less
i, resent doiiaaeiuciii ol tlie coinage uj
reason of lis equaling or exceeding in
weight a gold coin age which, at some
past time, had been commercially equal
to the legal lender value assigned to
the new issue. In lei oiuliiending llmt
the regulation uf any silver cuinago
Rich may bu auluorixuii ny uoiigresa
should observe these conditions ul com
murcial value, aud limited N'gul tender,
lam uoverned by tbo leeling mat a
barely possible inurvaar should be given
tu Ihu volume ul nielallie mnney, which
can be kept in ciicnlttlnHi, and thereby
every pun-ible aid afforded to tho peo
pie in the purpose ol resuming a-wi-a
payment. It is because ol my tlrm
conviction that a disregard of these
conditions wuuld frnstralo the gid re
sults which are desired from the pro-
posed coinage, and would embarrass
witb now element ui is.nois .n.
uncertainty ihe business ol llie country,
thai I would urgu upon your attention
theso considerations.
I roniuictfullv rocommend to Con
gross thai ill any legislation providing
lor a silver coinage and imparting lo it
the quality ol legal tender, lucre oe un
pressed upon the measure R firm pro
. ., ii . i. i
vision exemntiiiK the niiblio debt here
tofore iaaued, and now outstanding,
from payment either of the principal
or inlemat, in any coinage of less com-
mercial value than the present gold
coinage of the country.
THE CIVIL SERVICE.
The organisation of the Civil Service
of tbe country, bicb lias, for a num.
laur ol years, attracted mure and more
of the public altenllon, so general bus
become the opinion that the molhuds
or admission tu it and Ihu condition of
remaining In it are unsound, that both
il. r.,.t nolitical oariiu. have agreed
m the moat tEplicil declaration, of tbe
necessity or rolorm Rna in tn nuv
emphauo demeuda for IL 1 bar fully
REPUBLICAN.
believed these declarations and do
mands to bu the expression uf a sincere
conviction of tbe intelligent musses of
tbe puoplu upon tho subject, and thul
llie) ahould be recognized and followed
by earliest und prompt uclion on the
pari uf the legislative aud executive
departments of the Government. In
pursuance of the purpose Indicated, bo
litre my accession to olflce, 1 endeav
ored to have my own views distinctly
undurstuod, and upon my Inauguration
my accord with the public opinion wua
stated in terms behoved lo be plain and
unambiguous. My experience lu the
Kxccuiive chair ban strongly confirmed
tbu belief in the gn at udvuniage the
country would Und inobsurviiigntrictly
the plan ol tbe Consilium, which Im
poses on the Executive the solo duly
and responsibility of the selection ol
those federal umecrs who. by law, are
appointed, not clecicd, and which in
like manner ussigua lo llie senate llie
complete right to advise and consent
tu or reject the noiiiiiiiitions so ijiutlu ;
whilst ibe House uf Iirprcaciilulivcs
stands aa the public censor ul the per
formance ot link ml duties, with the
prerogative of investigation and prose
cution in ull cusce of derelicliun. The
bluiuishea and imperfections in the
Civil Service may, aa I think, be traced
in moot cases tu a practical contusion
of the duties ussiguud lo thu several
dcpuilmuiil ul the Government My
purpose, in this respuct, has been
lo return to tho system establish
ed by thu fundamental law, und
to du this with thu heartiest co
upurulion and nitislcordiul understand
ing wilb tlie .Senate anil lloiiseot ucp
rcscnlaUvcB. The pruclicnl dilllculliea
in tlio selection ul uumerousollleerslor
posts id widely varying responsibilities
and duties, ure acknowledged to be
very great. No system can bo ox
K'Cled lo aecuro absolute freedom from
mistakes, and the beginning uf any at
tempted change of custom is quite
likely to be luoro umburrussed in this
reaped than at any subsequent period.
Il ia here thul the Cutisiiiutioii aeema
to mo to prove ila cluim to the great
wisdom accorded lo il. It gives tu tlio
Executive the assisluncu ol the know I
edge und cxpurieiico uf the Seiiulu,
which, when acting upon nominations
to which they may be disiuluresU'd
and impartial judges, secures us strong
a guaranty uf freedom from emirs ol
importance as is perhaps possible in
human all'uirs.
In addition to this, I rocngnixe tho
oublic advantage ol 'making nil luunma
ilium as nearly an possiblu inipersoiiul
ill the sense ol being free from mere
cuprite or luvor in the selection, and
in those olllccs in wnicn siei ial iruin
nig is of greatly increased value 1 bo
liuvo such a rule us to the tenure ol
otlico should olituin as may induce mm
of proper qualifications to apply them
selves industriously to the iubk oi uu-
coming proficient. Bearing Ibenu things
in mind, 1 have endeavored lu reduce
the number of changes ill subordinate
places, usually mudu upon tbe change
of the general administration, end shall
iiiiisi heurtily co-opcmlu with Congress
in the betlur ssleiiiatir.iiig of such
iiicIIiikIb ami rulua ol admission lu the
piibltu service, and uf the promotion
within il, as may promise to be miml
auecensfiil in making Ihonmgh cumpe
lency, elliciehcy uud character tbu de
cisive tests Hi these matters.
THE WORK OF THE CIVIL SERVICE COM
MISSION. I ask the renewed attention oi Con
gress lu what has alreiidy been done
by thu Civil Service Commission, up
pointed in pursuance ol an acl ul Con
gress, by my predecessor, lo prepare
and revise Civil Service rules in regard
to much ot the depaitnimial service,
especially al Washington. Il may be
difficult tu organise a bellor system
I bun thul which has thus been provided,
and il is now being used to consiileru
ble extent under my direction. The
Commission has still a legul existence,
ullhough lorseverul years nuappiopriu
tion bus been made tor ilelrnyiiig ils
expenses, llelieving that this Commis
sion has rendered vuluuble service, und
will be a most useful agency in i in prov
ing the administration of tbe Civil Serv
ice, 1 rospcctliilly recommend thai a
suilublu appmpriutinu, to bo inilnedi
utuly available, be made to unublu il to
continue ils lubois It i my purpose
tu transmit to Cuiigrens, un early un
practicable, a report of the Chairman
of tho Commission, and tu usk your at
tention to such measures on this sub
jeet an, in my opinion, will lurlhcr pro-
molu thu iinpruvemeiil ul mu iivn
Service.
otlt roRKION RELATIONS.
During tho punt year the United
Slates has continued lo maintain peace
ful relations wilb loielgti tuiwera. I he
ontbn ak uf war between liussia and
Turkey, though al one timu uttunded
hv tfravo apprehension an to its effect
on ulher European nations, ban had no
tendency in disturb the amicable rela
tions existing between llie twocontend
nig powers. An altitude of just und
impurtial neutrality has been preserved.
and I am gratified to statu thut in thu
midst ol their hostilities notn tlio mis-
sin u und Ihu I ut Kirn t.oveiiimrms
hare shown an earnest disposition to
ad hem tn iheohliuRlioiiaul all treaties
with tbe United Slates, and to give due
regard to thu rights of American cm
Zens.
Hy Ihe terms of tlio treaty defining
the rights, immunities und privileges
of consuls between Duly and ibe Uni
led Suites, ratified in 18C8. either Gov
ernment may, after a lapse often years,
terminate lire existence uf lb treaty
by givdig twelve months' notice of lis
intention. The Government of Iml'
availing ilsclf of this facility, has now
giv.li the required notice, and the
treaty will accordingly end on the 17ih
doy uf September. 1878. It is under
stissl, huwever, thai llie Italian Gov
ernment wishes lo renew il in ils gen
eral scope, desiring only certain nusli
fiiaiions in some ol its articles. In Ibis
disposition 1 concur, and shall hope
that nostiriousuhslaclca may intervene
to prevent or delay the negotiation ol
a satisfactory treaty.
Numerous questions in regard to
pasHirtn, nuturaliziitlon and exemp
tion fnitn military service have eon-
linut'd lo artae m cases ol emigrants
Irom Germany who liavo returned lo
their nalivu coitiilry. Tbu pmvisionn
lot the Imity of February Tl, lHb'8,
i i.nu.u.... l,u... ....luiul in Iim nr. anililu
however, hate proved lo be so ample
ml biilii'i.iiis. that the legation of the
United Bltitoa al Berlin haa Iwon able
to adjust all claims ti lsing under il, nut
only without detriment to the amica
ble relations existing between Ihe two
Govcrnmclils, bill, II is believed, with
out Injury or injustice to any duly
nntiimlizuil American citizen. It is
desirable that tho treaty originally
made wilh thu North German Union
in 1HC8 ahould now be extended so as
to apply equally loall the Stales ol the
Kmpiru ol tierinany.
THE PARI. EXPOSITION,
Tho Invitation of the Government of
France lo particpale tn tbe Ksaiiion
of th. product, ol agriculture, Industry
and flho arts, lo be held ut Paris during
tho coming year, was submitted lor
yourcoiisulerutioii ut the extra session.
it la not don tiled thai lis acceptance ny
the United Slates, und n well selected
exhibition ot the productions of Ameri
can industry on that occasion, win icnn
to stimulate internutioiiul commerce
und emigration, as well as lo prumuiu
the friendship between the two coun
tries. EXTRADITION WITH OIlEAT BRITAIN.
A question arose some timo since as
to thu proper meaning of tbe vxirudi
lion articles uf the truuiy of lb43 be
tween the Uniled Slutes and Great
Britain. Both Governments, however,
aru now in accord in thu belief thut
thu question is not one thut should bu
allowed lu Irusirutu the ends of justice,
or disturb Ibe Irieiidnhip between the
two nut inns. No serious dilllculty has
arisen in accomplishing the extradition;
ot criminals, whun necc saury. It in
ptobublu that ull points of disagree
ment will, in due lime, be settled, und,
if need he, mole explicit decluriitionn
bu mudu in a new treaty.
THE FISHERY COMMISSION,
Tho Fishery Commission, under Aril
ties XVIII. lo XXV. of the maty ol
Wushington, has concluded its session
ut iluliliix. The result ol the debbcra
lions uf thu Commission, us mudu pub
lic by thu Commissioners, will bo com
municated lo Congress,
TRADE MARKS "
A treaty for tho pmtection of trade
minks bun been negotiuted with Great
Itriiuiti, which has been submitted tu
the H iiulo lor ita consideration.
AFFAIRS IN MEXICO.
' The revolution which recently occur
red in Muxico wus llillowed by the ac
cession of the succesnliil party to pow
er, and tbo installation uf ils chief gen
eral, I'm tiro Diuz, in tho Presidential
office. It has been the custom of thu
United Slates, when such changes of
Government huve herelnfoie occuired
in Mexico, to recognize und enter n to
ufllciul relations with the lie fmio Gov
ernment, us soon an it should uppeur
to huve tlie approvul of thu ilexi un
peoplu, unit should munilcst a disposi
tion to adhere to the obligations ol li en
lies and internutioiiul friendship. In
the present case, such official recogni
tion haa been xstponcd byllieoccuri en
ces on tbu Iliu Gruudu bolder, ihe ro
cords of which have alii ady bom com
municutcd to each boiisu of Congress,
in answer lo their respecliee questions
ot inquiry. Annuruiices have been re
eeived that tho nuthorilies al the scut
of tho Mexican Government have both
the disposition and tbo power to pre
vent and punish such unluw tul invu
sinns and depredations. Il is eurnc-1-ly
to bo Imped thut events muy prove
these assurances to bu well loumled
The best interests uf both countries re
quire the maintenance ol pence upnn
tho border and thu development ol
commerce between tho two Itupnlilicn.
It in gratifying to odd Unit this tempo
rsry interruption ol official relations
ban nut prevented tho attention by the
representatives ol thu Ijnlted Mutes In
Mexico to the proleclioii of American
citizens, as fur us pntcticuble, nor bus
it interfered with the prompt payment
of thu amounts duu from Mexico to the
Uniled Slates, under the treaty of July
UJi. 1KIIS, and Ihe awards of the Joint
Commission. lulu I do not anlici
Pule an interrupt ion uf the friendly re
ialions with Mexico, yet I cnnnol but
limk with some solicitude upon a con
liuiinnce of border disorders as are ex
posing tho two countries to inciiutions
of popular leeling and mischances ol
action which are naturally, nnt'uvnrtihlc
to complete nnnty. 1' irmly determm
ed that nothing ahull be wanting on
niv part tu promoloagood understand
ing between thu two nations, I yet must
ask tho attention ol t otigrcsn lo tlie
actual occurrences on the border, that
ihe lives and propetlv of our citizen
may beiideqiuitely protected, and peace
preserved.
THE CUBAN Ijl ESTloN.
Another year bun passed wilhoiit
bringing tu a cloe tho protracted con
lesl between the Spanish Government
and the insurrection on tho Islund uf
Cuba. Wbilu the United .Slates have
sedulously abstained from any interven
tion in this contest it is impo.siblo to
feel thul it is attended wilb incidents
affecting thu rights and interests of
American citizens. Apurt from the ef
fect of tho hostilities on trade between
the United Stales and Culm, their pro
gress is inevitably uccoinpanied lit
complaints, having more or lens foiin
dution, ol searches, arrests, emburgoes
und oppressive luxes upon tho proper
ly of American residents and ol unpro
yoked interlereiiee with American vvs
scln and cuiiinierco. It is Hue (o tho
Government ul Spain to say, that during
the past year il bus pron.pl ly di-uvow-ed
and offered repaint on fur any un
authorized acts ol unduly zealous sub
urdiniites whenever such nets have been
brought to ila utlctition. Nevertheless,
such occurrences cannot but lend to
excite feelings of utinoyanco, suspicion
and resentment, which are greatly to
bu deprecated between the rc-pci live
subjects and citizen, of two friendly
powers.
THE VENEZUELAN AWARD.
.Much dc'uy, cotiscquuit upon llie
uecusiilion ol Irunil in some ol the
award, has occurred in tho distribu
tion ut Ibe limned amounts received
from Venezuela, under the Ireuty of
April 25, If (18, applicable to the aw ards
of tho joint commission, creuled by
that treaty. So lung an these inattcrs
are pending lu t'ungress, llie Kxccuiive
culiiiol usniime cither to pass upon the
question presented or to disiriluitu the
fund received. Il is eminently desira
ble that defiuilo legislulire action
should bu taken, either affirming the
award tu he Ileal, ur providing some
method lor reexamination ul the
cluims.
CENTRAL AMI SOl'TII AMERICA.
Our relations with the Kciiiiblics of
Ceni ml and South America and wilh
I ho Empire of Brazil liavo continued
without senium ciilinga iiiriner man
the temporary Interruption ofdiploma
tin intercourse with Venezuela and
it is not doubted thai all irrolllills id
inisiiiidorstundihg with Guatemala will
stieedilv bo removed
From ull thcao connlilcs them are
favorable indications of a disposition
i.n ihu uart ol I heir Governments and
people to recipns ste our effort m the
direction ul Increased commercial
lercoiirso.
THE SAMOAN I.LANIIS.
in
The Government ol the Snnmun Is.
lands bus sent an envoy In the person
of its Secretary nl Stale, lo invilu the
Government of the United Stales tu
rvcoiriiizo and imitccl their inilcpend
elice. lo rslablish commercial relation
wilh their people, and to tis-usl them in
their step, towards a regulated and re
spi
iiisihlu Government, llie miiiioi
luhls ul llioao islands, having mane
considerable pmgrcss in Christian oivi
lization and the development of trade,
ar. doubtful ot tbeir ability ol main.
tzt-z - , 1 j
. .r ;
TERMS-S2 per annul-
n AdvaUjue.
NEW SERI-ES-YCL. 18, NO.
mining peace und independence with
out the aid of somu stronger power
The subject is deemed woithy of res
peetful attention, und the cluims upon
our assistance by thin distant com in u
inly will bu cuielully considered.
OCR I'oREION TRADE.
Tlio long commercial depression in
Ihe United Slates lias directed atten
tion lo llie subicct uf tbo possiblu in
crcasu nf our loreign ttadu and tbe
method lor its development, not only
with Europe, but with oilier countries,
especially wilb ihu Suites and sover
eignties ot tho Western Hemisphere.!
Instructions irom the Department ol
Stale wero issued to I ho various Diplo
mutio and Consular olhccra ol the Gov.
eminent, asking them tu duvotu alien
tion to llie question of thu methods by
which trade between tbe respective
outlines of their official residence aud
lha Ci.itad Hints uould bo must jildi ,
cionsly loslcred. In obedience to these
instructions, examinations uud reports
ti pi in this subject huve been mude by
many ol Ihesu ulllcers ami iraiismiiieo
lo the Depiiitnienl, und the umu an
aiihmiiled lo thu consideration of Con
gress. REPORT UP Till! SECRETARY OF Till.
TREASURY.
Tlio annual report uf tho Secretary
flhu Ticusury on llie statu ut tbe ti-
huttcea prcsciil.. impurtuiil questions
lor the action of Congress, upon some
of which I have already remarked.
Tbu revenue ol the Government dur.
ing I In-lis, -nl year ending June 30, 1877,
neru S-Uli,U00 5HG UIS. Ihu total ex-
ieniliiiires lor Ibe sumo periisl weri
f2:)8,li(jil,008.!).'l. leaving a surplua rev
eiiue ul titoV 40 577 C'J. This has sub
staotially supplied tbu requirement ol
ihu sinking tuiid for thul year. The
estiinuted revenues of iliccuriunt fiscal
year ure (2u'5 500 0110. and thu cstiinut
ed expenditures for the same period are
l23-f:)d.GI3 72. Il these estimates
pmve lu bu correct, there will bu a sur
ilun revenue ul ..id, nun dtib a, tn
amount neurit sutlh n nl lor ihu sinking
fund lor thut your. Tbo esliniuled
revenue fir the next fiscal year are
CM'i'J 250.HUU.
Il uppturs. from the report, thutdur
ing tho lust fiscal year the revenues of
Ihu Government, compared Willi tlio
previous year, huve lurgely decreased.
lins dccrca-ui. iimoiinliiig to tlio aum
il $18 11 452 54, wua mainly in cub
torn duties, cuuncd partly by a large
lulling ufl 'of thu amount ot imported
humble goods, and partly by the gen
I'i'ul full of prices in Ihu murkelsof pro
duction of such articles an pay ml vah.
rem luxes. l.tlo this is lell injurious
ly in the diniinil ioii of the revenue, it
bus been accoinpunicd with a very
birge increusool'uxpoiialiolis. Tho to
tat exports during tbo lust fiscal year.
Including coin, have been $038,037,457.
and ihu imports huve been $102,097,-
540, lcu ing a buluuco of trade in favor
ol the I inicd Slate uinounlii.g to the
sum of $100 539.917, tlio bencliciul ef
fects ul which extend to all branches
of business.
The estimated revenues fertile, next
year will impisto u xn Congress the
duty of strictly limiting appropriations,
including the requisilu sum lor the
maintenance ot thu sinking fund with
in tho aggregate estimated receipts
While tho aggregate uf taxes should
not bo increased, amendments might
ho mudu to the revenue luws that
would, wiihuut diminishing tbo rev
enue, relievo the people from unneces
sary burdens. A tux on tea und coffee
in shown by tlio experience, not only
of uur own country, hut of other coun
tries, tu bo cusily collected without lors
by undervaluation or Iritud, and large
ly borne in tbo counlry of production.
A tux ot ten cunt a pound un tea and
two cents a pound on coffee would pro
duce revenue exceeding 812,000,000,
and thus ciiublo Congress to rcpeul u
multitude ul annoying tuxes yielding a
nivenue not exceeding thut sum. The
internal revenue system grew out of
tho necessities ol tlie wur, and most ul
tho legislation imposing u lux on do
mestic pnHbicls under this system bus
been rcpculed. Iiy the substitution ul
a lux on tea and coffee all forms of in-
leriial taxitiion may he rcpculed except
that on w hisky, spiiits, tobucco mid
boor.
I'ROTF.CriON OK TUB IILVENCE.
Attention is also called totho neces
sity ol onucliiig more vigomus laws
for thu protection uf the revenue and
liir tho punishment uf fraud uud smug
gling. This cun best be dune by judi
cious provisions Ihul will induce the
dinclo-itre uf uttemplcd fraud, by tin
derviiliiution und initg:rliha'. All rev
enue laws should bo simple in their
provisions and cusily undcrstmnl. So
lur us prticliciililo Iliu rules ul luxation
should bo in Ihu form of specific du
ties, and not nil fihrrm, n'ipiiiing the
pidgiiiciit ot experienced men to aseer
tain values, und not exposing thu rev
enue to tho temptation of fruud. My
atleiition bus been cull, d during the
recess ol Coni; ress to tho abuses exist
ing in thu collet-lion ol thu customs,
and strenuous efforts have beun mude
lur llio'r correction by Executive ur
ders. The n comnieiiduiioii submitted
to the Si ercluty of ihu Treasury by s
cnuiiiiH-ioii appointed to examine into
the collection of customs duties at the
port uf New York contain muny aug
gestiona lor ihe modification of the
customs luws. tu which tho attention
ol Congress is invited. Il is a mtilter
f conimitiiliiliiiu that, notwithstand
ing the severo difference caused by the
war, the public luilh Willi uu iTuoitor
bus been preserved, and that, an tlio
result of this policy, tho public credit
bus continuously advanced, and our
public securities are regarded wilh the
highest favor in tho markets ol the
wot Id. 1 trust that no act ol llio gov
ernment will cast a shadow upon its
credit.
RFFL'NIIINII THE PI'llLIC PF.IIT.
The progross of refunding tho pub
lie debt bus been rapid and satisfacto
ry. Under the contract existing when
I eiileied upon thu discharge of the
dunes of n,y cilice, bonds bearing in
leresl at tlio rate nf limr and a hull
per ceni. wero being rapidly sold, uud
within thrco mouths Ihe aggregate
sales ol these bond bud reached the
sum ol $200,0011,000. With my sanc
tion, the Secretary of Ibe 1 ivasury en
lered into a now contract fur thu sale
of four per cent. bo.,ds, and within
ihirlv davs nlier the popular subscrip
tion liir such bonds wus opened, sab.
acriiii ions were hud amounting tnu
400.65(1. which were paid lur within
iiineiv davs oiler tho dale nl'anhecrip
lion. By thin procc., within but lit
tle more tliun one year, tlio annual in
len'sl on the public debt wn reduced
in the sum nl $3,775,000.
THE EAVINOS or THE PEOPLE.
I recommend that suitable pnivis
ion be made to enable tbu people to
ca-ily convert tbeir savings into gov
ernment securities, us lo the bust mude
in which small savings may bo well
secured and yield a mialeratu interest.
Il is an object ol public policy to re
tain among our own poople the .ecu-
rltius of tbo United Stale.. In tbil .
way our country i. guarded against
their sudden return from foreign ooun. ..
iricR, caused by war or other di.turb.
ancca beyond our limit.
OUR FOREIGN COMMERCE. ' -The
commerco nl the United State
with foreign naliuus, and ewiHy
(lie export of dorm sue productions,
bus ol late year, larguly increased, but
1 l.o greater portion of thin trade ia con.
ducted in foreign vessels. Tho im-
Hsir - iriifo ni enlarging uur .orcin
taw Ki.u ... -IK Ji-w.t "'t
Tvi - ", :m' '
isl, and il is a mullurof grout moment
i hat our shipping interest ahould re
ceive, to tho uliuoot practical extent,
ihe benefit of our ooinmen j with olh
or lands. Theso considerations are
lurcil Iv urirud by all thu largo com
mercial cities of the country, and pub
lic atluiitiun is generally and wisely
attracted to tho solution of tho prob-
ems they present. Il is not doubted
i hat Coiigroa will luke them up in
thohniudcst spirit of liberality, and
respond ri tho public demand by prac
tical legislation upon this iinpurlant
IlllJOCt.
- THE NEZ TERCE. WAR.
Tho renort of the Secretary of War
show, thul the army has been active-
ly employed duung tho year, and ua.
rendered verv iiniairtant service in
snppruasing hostilities in tbo Indian
country, and in preserving peace and
protecting litu and properly in me in
terior, aa well a. along the Mexican
border. A long and arduous cam
liuign has been prosecuted with final
complete success against a portion of
ihe Nce Perce tribu of Indians. A
ull anaauint ot tbr campaign will be
limnd in thu report of thu General of
the Army. Il will be seen that in its
course several sevcro balllus were
longht, in which a number ot gallant
officer and men loat their live. I
join with the Secretary of War and
General ol the Army in awarding to
bo ulllcers and men employed in mo
long uud toilsome pursuit and thu final
ii pi u re ot these Indians, llie minor nnu
praise which are so justly their duo.
THR LAnoR DISTURBANCES.
The very serious riots which occur
red ill several of the States in July-
last, nuulured necessary the employ-
incut of a considerable portion ol tlio
army lo preserve tho peace and msin-
iuiii onler in me otale oi vteai Vir
ginia, Jlurylond, Pennsylvania and
Illinois. These disturbances were so
lorinidiihlo a. to doty the baal and
Suite authorities, ami the National
Executive was culled upon, in tho ,
iiioifo pi-i.vidcd by tho Constitution
und laws, to lurnish mditary, and I
uni gnililied to bo able lo aiato that
ihu troops sent in response to the culls
for aid in the suppression of domestic
violence wero able, by the influence of
tbeir presence in tho disturbed re
gions, tu preserve the peace and re
.loro older without thu umj of lon'u in
the discharge of Ibis delicate and im
iiortunt duty. Buth officer nd men
ai led wilb great prudence and cuur
uge. und for llieir services desurvo the
thanks of the country,
THE RIO GRANDE TROUBLES.
Disturbances along tho Rio Grande,
in Texas, to w hich 1 have already re
ferred, have rendered necessary the
constant employment of a military
lores in thai vicinity A full report
ol all recent militury operations in Ibat
quarter has been transmitted to tho
House of Koprcsunlalivoa, in answer
lo a resolution of thai body, and il
will, therefore, not bo necessary to en
ter into deluiln. I regret lo aay that
these law less incursions' into our terri
tory, of tinned bunds Irom tho Mexi
can sido ol tho line, for the purpose of
rubbery, bsve been of frequunt occur
rence, and in spito of tbe most vigi
lant effort of tho commander of our
forces, tho marauders have generally
succeeded ill escaping into Mexico
with the plunder. In Muy last I gave
order, for tho exorcise of tho utmost
vigilance on the part of our troops for
the suppression of theso raids, and tho
punishment of tho guilty parties as
well as the recapture ol property sto
len by them. General Ord, command
ing in Texas, wu. directed to invite
Ibe co-operation of tho Mexican au
thorities in tho efforts to this end, and
to assure tbcm that 1 wa. anxious to
avoid giving tho least ntTonse to Mexi
co. A l the same time he was directed
to give notice of my determination to
put an end to the invasion ot our ter
rilory hy lawless bands intent npon
i l.o plunder of our peaceful citizen.,
uven if Ihe effectual punishment of tho
oiillawsahould miiko the crossing uf the
border by our lrooia, in llieir pursuit,
neccnnniy. It is believed thai this
policy lias had tho effect to check
suiiicwhut these depredations, and
that, wilh a considerable increase of
our force upon that frontier and that
estublinhmentol several additional mil
itury Kists along the Itio Grande, so
us morn cfl'eciuully to guard thut ex
tensive border, peace may bo preserv
ed, and the lives and property of our
citizens in Texas fully protected. .
REIll'CINO THE ARMY.
Prior to the first day of July last,
thu aimy wus, in accordance with law,
reduced lo the maximum of 25.000 en
liled men, being a reduction of 2.5110
In low the huvu previously authorized. ,
This reduction was made, a required
hy law, entirely from the infantry and
artillery binnchea of the service, with-'
out any reduction ol the cavalry; Un
der the law, as it now stands, il is nec
essary thul the cavalry nigimetilB bo
recruited tn one hundred men in each
company, lor service on tho Mexican
and Indian Ironliors. Tho noconsury
effect of this legislation is to reduce
the infantry and artillery arms of tho
service below the number required for
efficiency, itnd 1 concur with the Sec
retary t War in recommending that ,
authority be given lo rueruil all com-,
panics ol iiduntry to at least fifty men,
and all batteries of artillery to at least
suventy-fivo men, with tho powtr, In
eases id' emergency, to incroaso the
loriucr to one hundred and the latter
to ono hundred and twenty-two men
each.
1 invito your special attention to tho
billowing recommendations of the Sec
rotary of War: First. That provision
bu mudu for supplying to tbu army a
more abundant and better supply of
nading matter. Second. That early,
action bo taken by Congress looking
to a complete rovisiini and republica
tion oi tho Army Kegtilations. iniro.
f hat section 1258 ol tho Revised Stat
utes, limiting tho number of ofllceni
on the retired list, bo repealed. Fourth.
That tho claims arising undor the act
of July 4th, 1801, fur supplies taken
by the army during tlio wur, oe lauen
Irom the offices ot tho Quartermaster
und Commissary Generals and Iran.-,
Icrred to tho Southern Claims Com
mission, or some olhcrtril'tmal h.vlnp;'
moru lime and better facilities for the.
prompt investigation and decision than
are possessed by these officers, " Filth.
Thst Congress provido for an annuity
tulid lor tbo families of deceased sol
diers, an recommended by the Pay
master General of tho Army.
HI PORT OF THE SECRETARY OP TBE EAVT.
Th report of tba Secrolary of lbs
Navy show, that we have six squad
nms now engaged in the protection
ol our commerce and other lialie. Mr-
taming to the naval service. The con
ditions and operation, of tho depart
ment are also shown. Tbo total ex..
peiidilure. for tho fiscal year ending,
Juno 30, 1877, were $ 10,077,074 54.
There aru unpaid claim, against tbo
department chargeable to lh. last
year, which are presented to lh. con
sideration ol Congress byth report of
the Secretary. Tb. estimates for tho
fiscal year commencing July 1st, 1878,
Continued on fourth page.