C
•,
,
-
ANtrx.L WRIGHT, Editor and Proprietor.
VOLUME . XXXI, NUMBER 45.]
PUBkISIIED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING
Office in Carpet Hall, North-west corner of
Pront and Locust streets.
Terms of Subscription.
ithe Copyperirintim if paidin advance,
not paid within three
iionthsfraro commencementofthe year, 200
donta za. csars - 5 , -
Nog übscriptiOnrecelved tors, le<E. time than 6/X
rianthe; and no paper will be di4continued until all
Iterearage sure patd,ualcsbat the optionof the pub
isher.
irriWoneyattybe..emittedbymail hepublish-
Cr s risk.
Rates of Advertising.
'quay' ([6l ines]one week,
it three weeks.
eaciambsequentinsertion, 10
[lTines]onewerk.
three weeks, 1 00
I eael.4ubsequeniinsertion. 25
LaTgendvertisementsin proportion
Al iberalaiscountwi line made to quarterly,half
earlyor.rearlytdvertiscrs,who are strietlyeonfined
otheir business.
DR. 'HOFFER,
DENTIST. --OFFICE, Front Street 4th door
from Lorutl. over '4ltylor, & McDonald's Hook store
Calamie, Pa. frrEutrance, same a. Jolley's Pho
tograph Gallery, [August :11, 1E1.5.3.
THOMAS-WELSH,
TIISTICE-OP THE PEACE, Columbia, Pa.
et) OFFICE, in Wl,ipper's New Building, below
Week's Hotel, Front street,
e e Pr r a e mpt mammon. given to all business entrusted
29
November 28, 1E457.
11. M. NORTH,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW
Columbin.Pn.
Collecuone romptly made,i 01..nneasterand Yorl
Baunties.
Columbbiriny 4,1880.
J. W. FISHER,
Attorney. and Counsellor at Law,
3F".ta.
Colombia, Septesnber n , 1 'e:rtA.tt
S. Atlee B ckius, D. D. S.
1111A.CTICES the Operntiv, Surgical and Meehan
ieel Departments orDentistry:
OFFICE LOCUSt st reet, between be Franklin Ileum
and Peat Mice, Columbia ; Pa
May 7.1859.
• ' Harrison's Conmbian Ink.
is a superior article, permanently blnek,
.and not vorroiling the pen, eon he hod in and
siantity. at the Family MetlieMe Store, and blacker
ret is Vint English Boot Polish.
Columbia. iliac 9. 1559
e' ave net • eceive•
TITh. CUTTER'S Improved Chest Expanding
if Suspender ind'Shoulder Braces for Gentlemen,
and Patent Skirt Supporter and Brace for Ladies,
last the article that is wanted at this lime. Come
and see them at Family Medicine Store, Odd Fellows'
[Apr119.18.59
Prof. Gardner's Soap
UTE have the New England Soap for thoce who d,
rr not obtain it from the Soap Man; it in pleaenni
'to the skin, and ?MU take grease VOtt from NVoolen
lloodl, it is therefore no liumimp„ for you get the
worth of your money at the Family Medicine Store.
Columbia, June 11,1659.
.n.RAIIAN, or, Bond's Boston Crackers, for
ILA Dyspeptics, and Arrow Root Crackers, for:in
valids and rhildien—new articles in Columbia, at
the Family Medicine Store,
April 16,
SPILDIRPS PREPARED CLUE.--The want of
suck an a:IMM is felt tit every family, and now
It can be supplied; for mending fuiniturc, china
wure;ornumentul work, toys. Sre., there is nothing
superior. We have found it useful in repairing many
articles which huve been useless for months. You
Jamkein it at the
sla.oanio. }MILT MEDICINE STORE.
IRON AND STEEL!
VIIE Subscribers have received u New and Large
I. Stock of 01l kinds and sizes of
BAR IRON AND STEEL!
They are constantly alipplied with .stoelr in this branch
of his business. and call ruttish it to customers in large
or small quantities, at the lowest rates
J Rum Pr.F: & SON,
Locust street below Second, Columbia, Pa.
April 2d, 18611.
RITTEIt'S Compound Syrup of Ile and
Wild Cherry, for Cough., Cold., he. Kr 4,11 e a
'he Golden Atoriar Drugeitore, Front st. ( July 2
AYER'S Compound Coneentrated Extract
1-IL Sarsaparilla for the cure of Scrofala King's
Kvil. and all scrofulous affections, a (real, at....ilejult
received and for sale by
R. WILLIAMS, Front st , Columbia,
5ept.24,1959,
FOR SALE.
2n A GROSS Friction :lintel:es, very low for rnlh.
1.1 Jnne WILLIAAIS
Dutch Herring!
ANY one fond of a good Herring ton be euppiied al
S. F. EBERLE] VS
N0v.19, 1859, ' Grocery Store, No. 71 Locum et__
LYON'S PURE 01110 CATAWBA BRANDY
and PURE; NVINES. pccially (or Med:eines
nd Sacramental purpowt, at the
PAM LV AIEDMINESTORE.
NICE RAISINS for S' ets. per pound, are to
bo bud only at
EBERLEIN'S Grocery Store,
March 10, 1060. No. 71 Locu-4 street.
QdRDEN SEEDS.—Fresh Garden Seeds, war
ranted puro, or till klndoi,Jum received at
EIIERLILIA'S Grocery Store,
Morel 10.1560. No 71 I,ostm 'tweet.
POCK ET BOOKS AND PURSES.
A LARGE lot of Fine and Common Pocket Book's
Al and Purses, at from El cents in two dollar+ each.
Hr idquarters and News Depot.
Columbia, April 14.1 -O.
A_ HEW more of those beautiful Prints
Mitt which will be mold cheap, at
SAY OR & iIIeDONALD'S
Columbia. Pa.
April 11
Just Received and For Sale.
ISOOSACKS Ground Alum Salt, in large
or mnali quanuttes, nt
A PPOLD'S
'Warehouse . Canal Davin.
Mays; 60
COLD CREAM OF - G LYCERIN E .-.For the me
and prevention In chapped Londe, &e. For role
:at the GOLDEN MORTAR DRUG STorti:,
Dee 3,1.859. Front t4reeLColunitiia.
Turkish Prunes!
FOR a first rate article of Prunes you mta.t go to
S. V. EBERLEIN , S
50v.19, 19.59. Grocery Store, No 71 Locust st
GOLD PENS, GOLD PENS.
-rust.receiveda large and fine ntatortment of Gold
Penn. of Newton nod Brievroldta manufacture. at
SA VLOR & fitcDON A I.D'S Book Store.
-agrlt 14. Front ' , nett, above Locust.
FRESH GROCERIES.
'I'VE continue io Pell the Ile.t“Levy" Syrup, White
, _
and Sugara,good Coffees and choirs Teas.
"° b e ad .0 Columl,a at the New Corner Store. of..-
eposite Od t Fellowsand at the old -land nejoin
ang the t e k . . 11. C. FONDEILtiMITO.
Segars, Tobacco, gcc.
A ' Lang first-rate Segars. Tobacco and Snuff will
be fatted at the store of the cub, , criber. Ile keep:
"MU a.firet rate article. Galt
EBERLFAN'S Grocery Store.
Loren st., Colombia, Pa.
Oct 6,111
CRANBERRIES,
Mr crop Prones,-.New Citronont
11 Oct. 20, VA3O. d. DT. RAMTICPS,
SARDINES,
Worrerter•bire Sauce, Refined Cocoa. &./... jest re
1r rowed and for eale by S. F. EBR LEIN.
Oct. IA tom. No.
No. 71 Locus St.
•
CRANBERRIES.
TUT arrayed a fra4 lot nd . Cranberries an I Nes.
ay Currant...an No. 71 Lor..u..t
Clet 21. MO. S. 1% 1;01:121.1:114.
griutiong.
The Pennsylvania War Bill
The following is a copy of the War Bill
passed at the recent extra Session of the
Legislature, which provides for the arming
of the State. As it is of deep interest to all
the military of the State we publish it in
full.
P] 50
An Act to create a loan, and to provide for
arming the State.
SEC. 1. Be it enacted, &c., That the Gov
ernor and the State Treasurer be, and they
are hereby authorized and empowered to
borrow on the faith of the Commonwealth,
at such time, in such amounts, and with such
notice as they may deem most expedient for
the interest of the State, any sum not ex
ceeding three millions of dollars, and itiin
certificates of loan or bond of the Common
wealth fur the same, bearing six.per can
tum interest per annum, payable semi-an
nually in the city of Philadelphia, which
certificates of loan or bonds shall not be sub
ject to taxation for any purpose whatever,
and shall be reimbursable at any time after
the expiration of ten years front their date,
and the sum so burrowed, or so much there
of us may he necessary shall be, and the
same is hereby appropriated to defray the
expense of organizing, arming, equipping,
transporting, and supporting the military
forces of this State now or hereafter to be
called into service in aid of the government
of this State or of the United States, and to
enforce the laws thereof and all incidental
expenses connected therewith. Provided,
That no certificate of loan or bond shall be
issued for a less sum than twenty-five dol
lars. Provided further, That all certificates
issued of the denomination of one hundred
dollars or less shall be coupon bonds. Pro
vided further, That no certificate shall be
negotiated for less than its par value, the
said certificate of loan to import on the faces
thereof the purposes for which the same
were issued, and to be transterrablo on the
books of the Commonwealth at the Farmers
and Mechanics' Bank in the city of Philadel
phia.
Sec. 2. That the bonds or certificates of
loan issued under the provisions of this act,
shall be signed by the Governor and coun
tersigned by the State Treasurer and Audi.
tor General and a correct and accurate reg
istry of the same shall be kept in a book to
be proviled for that purpose in the office of
the Auditor General, who shall make acme
, al report thereof to the Legislature; and.the
Governor is hereby authorized to draw his
warrants on the State Treasurer for such
sums as may be necessary to pay the proper
expenses incident to the negotiation of such
loan, the preparation of the bonds or certifi
cates of loan authorized to be issued by this
act, and said warrants shall be paid out of
any moneys in the treasury.
Sec. 3. That the Governor be and he is
hereby authorized, by and with the advice
and c..nsent of the Senate, to appoint a com
petent person of military education, experi
ence and skill, to have command of all mili
tary forces of Pennsylvania• to be raised un
der the provisions of this bill, with the rank
of major general, who, while in actual ser
vice, shall be entitled to the pay and emolu
ments of a major general in the army of the
United States; and ho shall also have au
thority in manner as aforesaid, to appoint
two persons of like military education, expe
rience and skill, to be brigadier generals,
who, while in actual service, shall be enti
tled to the pay and emoluments of officers of
the same rank in the army 'of the United
States.
13E1
Sec: 4. Whenever the militia of this corn
,monwealth shall be called into service by
the requisition of the President of the United
States or the proclamation of the Governor,
it shall be the duty of the Adjutant General
to notify in writing the Quartermaster Gen
eral. and Commissary General of the point
or points where the men are to rendezvous,
with the number as near as may be; and
said officers shall forthwith advertise for
proposals for supplying to the Common
!'wealth each supplies as may
. be necessary
for furnishing the troops with rations and
all other stores named in and provided by
the laws or regulations of the United States,
said proposals to be directed to the said
Quartermaster and Commissary Generals re
spectively, and to be opened after five days'
notice, and the contracts to be awarded to the
lowest bidder by the proper officer inviting
said proposals, and adequate security to be
taken for the faithful performance of the
contract before the same is awarded; and of
ficers shall publish and keep on file in their
several departments, fur public inspection,
a list of all the proposals offered, including
those rejected as well as those awarded.—
And before the acceptance of any provisions
or other military stores, of any kind whatso
ever, purchased upon contract, as herein
before provided, it shall be the duty of the
Quartermaster General or Commissary Gen
' eral, as the case may be, in connection with
the Auditor General and State Treasurer to
appoint from time to time, as required, one
or more disinterested and competent inspec
tors, familiar with the value and quality of
provisions or military stores so contracted,
whose duty it shall be. to examine,. accept,
or reject the same, and, if accepted, to give
a certificate therefor to the contractor or ven
dor; and no bill rendered for any each pro
visions or stores shall be paid until so certi
fied and approved. The inspectors so ap
pointed shalt each receive five-dollars per
day fur every day necessarily employed in
"NO ENTERTAIN:SIENT IS SO CHEAP AS READING, NOR ANY PLEASURE SO LASTING."
COLUMBIA, PENNSYLVANIA, SATURDAY MORNING, JUNE 8, 1861.
the discharge of their duties, and shall sever
ally be sworn or affirmed to discharge their
• duties with fidelity.
Sec. 5 The chief of each staff depart
meat shall, under the directions of the Gov
ernor, have command over all subordinate
officers in his department, and shall, from
time to time, issue orders and instructions
• for their government and practice.
Sze. 6. The Governor is hereby author
ized and empowered to organize at his dis
cretion the various staff departments, and to
prescribe by rules and regulations the duties
to be performed by the officers connected
therewith, which shall as far as may be
conform to those which are prescribed for
the government of the department staff in
the army of the United States. Provided,
That each chief of such department shall
prepare and transmit at the expense of this
State all blank forms of returns, precepts,
warrants, and proceedings necessary in his
department.
Sec. 7. The Government is hereby au
thorized to appoint such staff officers as he
may deem necessary for the efficiency of the
service, who shall receive when on active
duty the same pay and allowance as officers
of the like grade in tho employment of the
United States; and he is also authorized
and empowered to confer brevet rank on
each officers of the Pennsylvania troops as
shall distinguish themselves by gallant ac
tions and meritorious conduct; and he shall
have authority to promote and appoint such•
non-commissioned officers and private to the
rank of second lieutenant as shall to reported
the Governor by a hoard composed of three
officers highest in rank of the command to
which they may be attached at the time as
having, distinguished themselves, said offi
cers then to be attached to the several regi
ments to supply such vacancies as may oc
eur.by casualties or otherwise.
Sec. 8. That there shall be a hospital de
partinent, which shall be supervised by the
Surgeon General, who shall be n member of
the grand staff, with the rank of Colonel;
and•to each division, when in actual service,
there shall be a hospital surgen, with the
rank .of Major; and to each brigade, when
in actual service, n hospital surgeon with
the rank ofCaptain. Said officers to be ap
pointed by the Governor, and, except the
Surgeon General, to be first examined and
recommended for appointment by the Sur
geon General and n board of such other sur
geons, not exceeding three, as he may'di
rect. The rank of all said officers Shall not
entitle them to pronsJtion in the line, nor
shall it regulate their pay and rations ex
cept when in actual service under a requisi
sition from the President of the United
States or the proclamation of the Governor;
and all surgeons and surgeons' mates, now
or hereafter to be appointed; shall be exam
ined by the Surgeon General and a board of
surgeons, not exceeding three, as he may
direct, and the qualifications and fitness of
all surgeoris and applicants for appointments
as such shall be reported in writing to the
Governor.
F SEC. 9. That before the settlement and
payment of any, bill by the State Treasurer,
' the Auditor General sl.all require, except
ftir incidental expenses, or when 'it may be
impracticable, an affidavit taken before a
proper officer of this Commonwealth, to the
following effect, viz:
City and county of as.
Personally appeared before me, an Alder
man or Justice of tho Peace, in and for the
said city or county of , of the firm
of , who having been
according to law, said' that the above ac
count is correct, that the articles therein
charged were furnished to the Common
wealth of Pennsylvania, on the order of the
head of the proper bureau, and that the
prices charged for the same are the actual
wholesale cash prices charged for goods of
like quality to other customers, nod no more;
that no commission, abatement, or allow
ance whatever has been, or is to be given,
to any person concerned in the ordering or
purchasing of said articles, or any other per
son whatsoever, and that the said articles
are of the quality, size and quantity men
tioned in the said account.
and subscribed before me,
this day of 180 .
Every account shall be accompanied by a
certificate" from the head of the proper bu
reau that the account is• correct: that the
articles were furnished on his order, and
supplied as charged. Provided, That any
person who shall be convicted before any
court of record in this commonwealth, of
wilful perjury under the provisions*of this
section, shall suffer, in addition to the pen
alties now provided by the laws of this com
monwealth against perjury, the forfeiture
of the whole amount of the price of the ar
ticles falsely charged for, one-half of which
amount shall go to the person or persons
who shall prosecute such charge to convic
tion, and the other half shall go to the mil
itary fund of this Commonwealth.
Sac. 10. That all expenditures of the ap
propriation of five hundred thousand dollars
made by the act of April nth, one thous
and eight hundred and sixty-one, entitlea
"An act for the . -better organization of the
military," et cetera, on the warrant of the
Governor. are hereby declared to be as valid
as if the same were made after settlement
of accounts on the warrant of the Auditor
General. Provided,' That the several. die=
horsing officers or other-persons whoreceii
ed moneys on the Getreriaor's' warrant •as
aforesaid, be and are hereby requ'red to set
tle for the 4/111113 with the omit/Mica officers
of the commonwealth in the usual manner.
Sec. 11. That the Adjutant General,
Quartermaster General and Commissary
General shall hold their respective offices for
three years, if they so long behave them
selves, unless - otherwise provided by law,
and shall each give bond with sufficient se
curity to be approved by the Governor of
the commonwealth in the sum of twenty
thousand dollars fur the faithful discharge
of their respective official ditties; and shah
also be authorized to take and require from
any deputies under them, bonds to the com
monwealth in such sums and in such form
as may be approved by the Governor to se
cure the faithful discharge of their respect
ive duties; and all expenditures for the mil
itary service of the State shall be accounted
for in such form and manner as the Auditor
General arid State Treasurer may hare pre
scribed, or may hereafter direct.. The Ad
jutant General, Quartermaster General and
Commissary General shall be entitled to re
ceive out of the State Treasury, from time
to time on the warrant of the Governor. such
sum or sums of money, not exceeding at any
one time three-fourths of the amount of the
penulty in their respective bonds as may be
required for military service; and for all
moneys thus received and expended by them
they shall account in manner and form as
required by latr,•for: each particular sum so
drawn before receiving any—further sums
under the provisionssof this act. '
Sec. 12. That it shall not be lawful for
any volunteer soldier to leave this common:
wealth as such, unless he shall have been
first accepted by the Governor of this State,
upon a call under a requisition of the Pres
ident of the United States, made upon the
Governor direct for troops for the service of
the United Stiites;, and no volunteer soldier
.shall be allowed by the Governor to leave
the State until folly armed and equipped
for effective service.
S e c. 13. The Governor is hereby author
ized to draw on his warrants from the State
Treasury a sum not exeeeling twenty thous
and dollars, to he paid out of any moneys
in the treasury not otherwise appropriated,
for the compensation of such persons as he
may require to serve the commonwealth in
the military organizationof the - State or the
general government, and for the expenses
incident to the business in which they may
be employed, and he is hereby authorized
Ito cause the same to be duly settled quarter
! ly with the Auditor General of the State by
causing the same to be accounted for ape :
ifically in all instances wherein the expen,di
tore thereof may, in his judgment be made
public, and by making 'a certificate of the
amount oj such expenditures nti he may deein
proper far the interests of the State 'and
National governments, not to make public:
and every such certificate shall be deemed
1 a sufficient voucher fur the sum or sums
1 therein expressed to have been expended.
Sec. 14. That the Associate Judges of
'the Court of Common Pleas and the County
Commissioners of the several counties of
this commonwealth shall constitute a Board
of Relief, to meet monthly or as often as
they find necessary at the office of the Com
missioners, and upon reasonable claim or
suggestion furnish such amount of support
or relief in each individual case as they may
deem equitable and proper for the families i
or for persons resident in their respective'
counties, heretofore in any degree dependant
upon such volunters as hare been carolled
and mustered into service from their several
counties, under orders from the Governor of t
the Commonwealth, during the existence if'
the present exigencies of the general gov
ernment; the claims or suggestions fur such
relief, to be made in writing, setting forth
the facts of the case with such proof's and
verifications as the board may require, and
to be filed in the office as vouchers for any
payments which may be made thereon,
payments for relief to be made by orders
drawn in the usual form, with an endoise
meat on the back of each, "issued by the
board of relief," which endorsement shall
be signed by one of the associate judges;
and all tho vouchers, and the orders _issued
thereon, shall be duly audited by the coun
ty auditors, or other proper authorities, and
published in the annual statement of the
public expenditures' of said counties; if it
shall be found requisite by the Commission
ers of any county within this commonwealth
they ere hereby authorized and empoWered
to make a temporary loan or loans at a rate
of interest not exceeding seven per con turn
per annum, to carry into effedt the measures
of relief provided by this act! Provided,
That all arrangements made by the several
counties of this State for the support of the
families of the volunteers mustered into the
service, are hereby legalized and declared
to be in full force, until the provisions of
this act are carried into effect.
Sac. 15. That it shall be lawful for the
proper authorities of any county within this
oommonwealth to assess and levy a tax for
the payment of such appropriations as may
have been or may hereafter be made by such
authorities fur the relief of volunteers, or
of their families, or both, which volunteers
shall have been or may be received tato the
service of ,thisffitato or the United:Slates, in
the present exigency of tl.e country. :Pro
vided, That such assessment 'shall no in
any one-year exceed two and one-half mills
upon the dollar of •the taxable preiperty. of
web-county; And provided farther,, That
all loans heretofore negotiated or moneys
boreinied bV ittiy. emintr, city or boroogh
for the purposes
_aforesaid:be and the 'same
ate hereby ratified and:confirmed, and the
bonds or other evidences of indebtedness is
sued or to be issued therefor are hereby
made good and valid, and that all appropri
ations heretofore made or to be made by
county commissioners or municipal authori
ties, for the purpose of arming or equipping
volunteers, or for the relief of their families
aro hereby legalized and shall be allowed
them on the settlement of their accounts, as
other payments are Ly law allowed.
SEC 16. That in case any soldier shall
die after being mustered into the service of
the United States or of this State, leaving a
widow and minor children or a minor child
under the nge of fourteen years, the mother
of such minor or minors shall receive eight
dollars per month from this State for the
term of five years, unless all such minors
shall, before the expiration of said five years
be of the age of fourteen, or unless she or
they receive - a pension from the United
States; if such widow die or marry before
the expiration of said five years, such pen
sion from the time of such death or mar
marriage, shall go to the support of such
minor child or children as are are then liv-
SEc. 17. That any District Attorney, or
other county or municipal officer of this
commonwealth, who may have enlisted and
- been received into the service of the State
or the UnirecrStates, as a soldier or officer,
fur any.-part of the term for which such at
torney or officer shall have been elected,
may appoint a deputy who, with the appro
val of tho Court of 'Common Pleas of the
county or district, shall discharge the duties
of said District Attorny or other county or
municipal officer, during such term of office.
Provided, that nothing herein contained be
construed to discharge the bail to the -com
monwealth or nny such District Attorney,
or county or municipal officer. Provided
further, That the provisions of this section
shall not extend to aldermen or justices of
- .
the peace.
SEC. 18. That all incorporated universi
ties, colleges and academies in this common
wealth arc hereby authorized to establish,
id connection . with their several institutions
a military professorship for the education
of young men in military discipline and the
art of war.
'Sec. 19. That the commander-in-chief,
in conjunction With the officers composing
the'grand 'staff of the militia of this corn
mortirealth, are hereby authorized nod re
quired "to organize 'a Military corps, to be
called the Rosario Volueteer Corps of the
commonwealth, and to be composed of thir:.
teen reginienti of infantry, one regiment of
cavalry and one regimental' light artillery;
the said regiments shall severally be 'oona
posed-oi,compat.ied of like nutnher and be
armed end equipped, 'ClOthed; disciplined,
governed and officered as similar. troops in
the serriie of the Uni ted Stlites,,ned shall
be enlisted,in the:servieeOf ihe State for a
period not execoaing thre'ye'arS, or for the
vrar, unless sooner diScharged, and shall be
liable'te be called - the Service of. this
IState at such time as . the commander-in,
chief may deem their services necessary fur
Ithe purpose of suppressing insurrections or,
i to repel invasions; and further to be liable
to be mustered into the serrico of the Coi
-1 ted States at such time as requiSitions may
be made by the President of the Unitea
I States.
Sec. 20. That the commander-in-chief,
in conjunction with the officers aforesaid,
Shall cause two or more comps of instruc
tion, not exceeding eight, to be formed in
different sections of the State for the ac
commodation and instruction of said troops,
and the Governor shall appoint suitable offi
cers or drill-masters, with the rank and pay
of captain, whose duty it shall he to instruct
said troops in military art, conforming as
near' ns may be, to the plan of instruction,
rules, regulations and discipline, adopted
fur similar troops in the service of the Uni
ted'States,
Sec. 21. That the commander-in-chief
shall cause the troops aforesaid to be drilled
and instructed in such encampments, for
and during such periods of time as ho may
deem necessary to perfect them in the mil
itary art.
Sec. 22. That the said corps shall receive
the same pny and rations, when under such
instructions in said camps or in the service
of the State or United States, as similar
troops receive when in the service of the
U. States, and that said troops shall, when
not under snob instruction in camp or in the
service of the State or U. S., at all times
hold themselves in readiness at their respec
tive residences to be called into the service
of the State, or, upon requisition of the
President, into the service of the United
States, and shall be required to provide and
keep in repair suitable armories for the safe
keeping and preser‘ation of their arms and
accoutrements.
Sec. 23. That it shall be the duty of the
commander-in-chief and Adjutant General
to procure and furnish arms and accoutre
ments and a uniform dress suitable for said
troops at the charge of the State, and the
captains of the Several companies composing
said regiments shall be required to receipt
to the Adjutant General for said arms, as
contremehts and uniform dress, and shall
farther give' bond to the commonwealth,
with at:may - in 'such sum as the Governor
shall direct ro be approved by the President
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the
county in which such captains may reside,
conditioned forme safe keeping and delivery
over to the Adjutant General of.sucharms
aad• accoutrements as may be received by
r
$1,50 PER YEAR IN ADVANCE; $2,00 IF NOT IN ADVANCE!
their respective compenies upon demand le
gally made by the Adjutant General, and
the said bonds when se approved shall be
be filed in the office of the Adjutant General.
SEC. 24. That the several companies and
regiments composing said volunteer corps,
shall le entitled to elect, and the Governor
shall commission officers, similar in number
and rank to those allowed in like troops in
the army of the United States, Provided,
That the Governor shall have power to ap
point and commission chaplains for said
corps and designate their rank.
SEC. 25. That no troops shall be kept
in camp longer than three months at any
one time, except the Governor shall, upon
the expiration of laid throe months, deem
the longer continuance of said troops neces
sary for the protection of the commonwealth,
or shall have a requisition for troops from
the President of the United States.
Sec. 26. That the commander-in-chief,
in conjunction with the grand staff aforesaid
are hereby authorized and empowered to
make and adopt all necessary rules and reg
ulations for the speedy and efficient organi
zation of said Reserve Volunteer Corps, and
for arming and equipping the same, with
the most approved style of arms and equip
ments, and the officers and rank and file
composing said volunteer corps, shall be
sworn or affirmed to support the constitution
of this State and the Constitution of the
United Mites.
Sec. 27. That the Governor and Adju
tant General be and are hereby authorized
and required to procure and furnish, at the
earliest possible time after the troops pro
vided for in this bill shall have been sup
plied, not exceeding one. thousand stand of
modern approved arms and accoutrements
f.ir each of the counties of this State
bordering upon Maryland, Delaware
and Virginia lines, to, be received by
the county,, commissioners of the respective
countiuS, fur 'the purpose of arming organ : .
ized troops for the defence of said counties,
and for such other military serviee.contigu
one to their borders au,they may legally be
called upon to perforce: and the county com
missioners of said cooties Shall execute a
bond, in the name and in ,behalf of such
county, in such sum'as the Governor shall
direct, conditioned for the safe keeping and
delivery over to the Adjutant General all
such arms and accoutrements as may be re
ceived by them, fur the purpose aforesaid, at
such ,times as the Government may direct,
and,the bonds .so executed shall be filed in
the office of the Adjutant General.
Sec. 28. That the Governer and Adju
tant General be, and are hereby authorized
and required, as coon as possible, to procure
suitable arms and - accoutrements, sufficient
to arm the volunteer companies of this State
now or hereafter to be regularly organized
under the existing lavis; and further to col
lect and contract for the renaodellingof such
military arms belonging to the State, as are
or have become deficient and unfit for mod
ern Service: And' pWovided further,' that be
fore any arms are delivered to any volun
teer companies, or home guards, they shall
severally be sworn' or affirmed to support
the constitution' of this State and the Con
stitution of the United States, and to obey
all lawful orders of such officers as may be
placed over them by proper authority. Pro
vided 'further, that so much of any law,
heretofore existing, authorizing members nf
volunteer companieth to receive pay for any
military parading, not actually in the ser
vice of the State, is hereby suspended due
lug the existence of the present tehr; and
the militia tax now imposed by the laws of
this commonwealth shall be collected and
paid into the Treasury of the State, to meet
the expenses of the militia mustered into
actual service.
The Serfs of Russia
The 42,000,000 of serfs might be divided
in round numbers as follows: 20,000,000 of
crown serfs, 2.000,000 in the imperial do
mains, and 20,000,000 under private pro
prietors. Already the crown serfs and those
of the imperial dominions are declared free,
and the emancipation of the rest is only re
tarded for the 'completion of the necessary
arrangements. The connection between
proprietor and serf has of course, ever vari
ed according to circumstances; being mild
and patriarchal on some estates slave-driving
on others. By law, the labor to be imposed i
on the serf, for the land he holds of his mas
ter, is that of three days per week; yet many
propietors force their men for six days dur
ing the summer, and in winter field labor
is impossible. Such properties may be soon
recognized by the squalidness and misery
of the peasantry. A certain proprietor,
passing from the south to St. Petersburg,
told me that, passing through such a district,
be inquired the reason of so much poverty
and dirtiness among the people; the answer
was that the pameschik.. or landlord, took
six days a week, and that they had no time
for themselves. In a village about the cen
tre of the country, in the same condition I
asked 'the same question, - and received the
same answer. My conversation was with the
ycmskik, or postilion, who was a serf of the
estate, and hired out on the Obrok system;
he received 60 roubles a. year, the whole of
which he bad to pay to his proprietor. "But
this will soon be over now said the man.
"Scobodnie eh ne eroboditie—to be free, or
not tube fres=-that is the question now."—
On asking further I found he had not the
least ideti of arty of the blessings of freedom,
bat thoartthey consisted in doing nothing.
or only b much as to 'privide the means o:
[WHOLE NUMBER 1,607.
getting drunk. Of this, however, there is no
doubt, that since the emancipation has been
mooted, many proprietors have been doubly
hard in squeezing as much labor as possible
out of the serfs, while the serfs, knowing
they would soon be free, scent resolved to
do as little as possible.
Many proprietors on the other hand, when
the subject took a serious aspect, either vol
untarily emancipated their serfs or made
arrangements with them. A friend of wine,
an officer in the navy, on his return from a
long voyage, when the peasants came to
congratulate him according to old custom,
a lib essed them seriously on the chango
about to take Oleo in their condition.—
With one voice they cried out, they were
hippy as they were, and did not want to be
free. Indeed, under an easy humane pro
prietor, serfs are almost as much a burden
as a profit. They have no cares but such as
their labor imposes, and the proprietor is
bound by many bonds to them; lio must
pay -their taxes to the Government; if their
islet, or hut be burned down, he must re
build it; if their cow, pig, or horse die lie
must replace it; if sickness be in the family,
ho must provide doctor and medicines; if in'
want he must feed them; if naked he'
must c'othe them—in short, in all their
wants they look up to their pameschik for.
assistance and advice. It is true that the •
peasant should repay all this by degrees: ,
but as he is lazy and has little money, he is
always deeply in debt, as are most of the•
serfs through Jut Russia. All the enlight—
ened travelled Russian proprietors with
whom I over spoke, leaving their ideas of
humanity aside, declared they thought that
the emancipation would be, after a short
period, more a profit than a loss-to them;
men of narrow ideas, or those whose estates
were deeply mortgaged to. the Government,
were of course fearful that the change would
injure them very materially
As most of the proprietors pare absentees
during the greater part of the year, their
estates aro manage , / by agents; if the estate
is small,,by the head man of the peasantry.
Every male serf has the right to a certain
portion of land, about four techetverts (eight •
acres, two roods, thirty poles circa), but'
often less in the-most valuable districts; for
this lie giies his labor three day:3'par - Week.
-Where the Comlnunal system exists the .
land thus ceded is classed, measured- and
portioned eut.among the different families
comprising' the commune. This mire, or
communal system, is one of the most striking
'of Russian institutions. It has already de-'
scended from'generation to generation for
more than a thousand years, rind is in fact a
primitive emblem of what in other countries
I has grown into self-govermaient.' The com
munes meet under theepresidency of its
Swat, or elders, to deliberate on the'general
good: Over every district is, however, a
tchinofniok or Government Sit pervirioi.
The soil-bound peasant, the' serf whet la
bors'on his own ticcountmnfritayii thenbrok
nr tribute to his master; and iihe'aroperiie,
or personal servants, form ill& bitrie classes
of Russian serfdom. But to• the glory of
humanity and:progress such an institution
will, in Europe, soon belong only to the past:
though the curse that slavery entails can
only he redeemed by rational freedom. The
emancipation once accomplished 'it will be
curious to mark its effect on the people.—
Different opinions are formed by thinking
Russians who have studied their people as
to what those effects will be: From my own
observations and deductions I came to the
opinion that the ohange will be • deeply felt
by the country, and at first fur the worse—'
for the Russian peasant bears n strong re
semblance, in many respects, to the 'Melt:.
Celtic peasant. Both. peoples, too,' have
long suffered from absentee landlords, who
were only heard of when money had to be
squeezed from the unfortannte tenants.
'The' Russian peasant will work' just
enough to supply the hare wants of his nit
turn. Re will cultivate a little hue:Wheat
for his krish,* and a plat of cabba'gu_ for his
stchu; the sale of his pig, his fowls, Or - lils
calf, will provide him with whisky and to
bacco; the sheepskins supply his clothing.
Unaccustomed to any cluirge made upon
him, except by his proprietor, he will not at
first understand the payments to he made to
Government for the land he occupies; al
though such payments may, after
prove an incentive to industry: If the nom-•
munal system be preserved, this again may'
Call forth the peasant's energy; for the land
being held in a mass by the commune; and
paid for by it, one man's industry will ben
reproach and a check on the indolence of
the others. Such will probably be the stat 3
of the Russian peasantry for a • long time
after they are free; and, until the whole so
cial life of Russia can bo reorganized, and
things ftud their level, the country will have
to experience the after effects which such a
curse as slavery ever brings upon every
grade of a population, whether noble or
hind. There is, however, one strong fea
ture in the character of the Russian lower
orders; and that is, tbeir disposition to•bar
ter and commerce; in this they much resem
ble • the Chinese, whose lure, of trading is
well known. Many serfs, therefore, cm :their
liberation will, no doubt, dock to the townsis
and there g.►ia a livelihood in Tarione_ elan
nets of commerce.—Cornkilt Magazine.
•Knuth, the wr nin of huckerbat. eaten es rice is IA Te
ets. or the petite:lW. trebled. forms wish the-video. or
cabbage loop, the chief altatent of the Ru•awe pees.
QUIRT.—Is Jeff-Davin' regard for Cotton
in particular as strong as his &adoptive to
Wool in General