Ijglje American Volunteer. If a. • . If J| • t::::i::~,. P J|#-.: III 1 lIIII PtT IDWARD SHILLING, M. I), I PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, iVo. 20 East JPom/rct is (reef, CARLISLE. r. Shilling waa Associated with Dr. Zltzor, In i place, lur u year or so, and has been pmctlc ui Diclausou township, for thieo yeuis. All fcsslouul business promptly attended to. rii7, IWO-Jiu AND CAPS I )0 YOU WANT A NICE HAT OR CAP ? If so, don't Fail to Call on J. G. GALLIC, NO. 20. WES 2 MAIN STREET, iftvo Ciin be seen the finest assortment of HATS AND CAPS boots and shoes FOR AD 'E3’ AWD MTaSgV?— OENTd’ AND BOYS’,I N YOUi’US' AND CHILDS’, :j‘ l ara nurlvaled for comfort aad beauty. TRUNKS AND VALIS3ES, AND BOYS’ HATS, 'uud »ll loh wm bo sola at small prollU. Call acy. UUUUt *got a.full cqulvaiouu for, your A Pm, 12 iB7o_iy BY BRATTON & KENNEDY. HRisccUanemis. . Q.REAT COMMOTION DRY GOODS, On account, of tbo rctlacllon In Gold, tho Dry Goods Morchnnts who undo) stand their business and tho certain signs of the times, have reduced tile plcoot their goods conespondingly. Tnesub scrjhers have Just received from tho cities a largo and lull assortment of all hinds of FOREIGN & STAPLE GOODS. which they will sell lower than they ixavo done ■since 1801. SILKS, Wool Do Lntncs, Alpacas, Poplins. Serges, Bom bazines, Tumise Uiotn, Grenadines, FLANNELS OF ALL KINDS, Plain and Fancy, Linen Table Diapers, Cotton do., Checks, Tickings, Ginghams, Counterpanes 1 EMBROIDERIE 4 a full line; White Goods lu great variety, HOSIERY, GLOVES, TRIMMINGS, and a full stock of DOMESTIC GOODS, . Calicoes, Muslins, by the piece or yard; Grain bugs, CLOTHS, CASSXMERS, &0., of all kinds and at the lowest prices. CARPETS, OIL CLOTHS, Druggets, Window Shades. Matting' MILINERY GOODS of all kinds, Including Ladles and Childrens Hats and Sundown's, uud mo best assortment and best quality of Hue Klbbous luilio county.— Kid Gloves, (best make,) Jewelry, Fancy Goods ,imd Nol.lons In great variety. This ‘ MAMMOTH STOCK, OF GOODS tno largest In this section of 'country, is offered u. prices that doty competition, .and all we auk isu lair examination by good Judges of goods to satisfy the public that tuls Is the placu to buy uud save money. LADIES* UNDER WEAR, A nice assortment of Ladies’ Under Clothing very, handsomely stitched and trimmed at reasonable prices. WOOL taken in exchange f >r goods. ' -'LENTZ & CO. • At the old Dry Goods stand established Feb ruary Ist, laid. March 3.—70 The great medical dihcove- BY I DR. WALKER’S CALIFORNIA VINEGAR BITTERS, More than 500,000 Persons bear testimony to their Wonderful Curative Effects, WHAT ARE ’ THEY ? TAEY ARE NOT A VILE FANCY DRINK Slade of Poor Rum, Whiskey, Proof Spirits, an i Refuse Liquors, doctored, spiced, and sweetened to please the taste, called •’Toulon,” “Appetiz ers,” “ Restoreis,” »to., that lead Hie tippler on to drunkeuess and ruin, but are a true medicine, made from the native Hoots and Herbs of Cali fornia free Horn all Alcoholic -stimulants. They are the GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER uud LIFE GJ VING.PitINCJPLE. a perfect Renovator and Invlgorator of the System, carrying off all poi sonous matter, and restoring (he blood to a healthy condition. No person can take these BH u*rs according to Directions, and remain long unwell. SIOJ will bo given for an Incurable case,, pro vided the bones are not destroyed by mineral poisons or other means, uud the vital organs be yond the point of repair. For Inilaninmtory and Chronic Rheumatism, and Gout, dyspepsia, or indigestion. Billons, Remittent, and intermittent Fevers. Diseases ol the Blood, Liver, Kidneys, and Bladder, these Bitters have been must successful. Such I dseas es are caused b\ Vitiated Blood, which Is gener ally produced by derangement ol the Digestive Organs. t Jeanso the Vitiated Blood whenever you find Its Impurities bursting through the skin in Pim ples,‘ Eruptions or Hores; cluan-e It when you lind it obsu noted and sluggish In the veins cleanse it when ills foul, and your feelings will 101 l yon when. Keep the blood pure unci the health of the system will follow. PIN. TAPE, and oilier WCUtMfI. lurklm n» the system 01. so many thousands, are effectual* ly destroyedund n moved. in Bilious, Remittent,and Intermittent Fevers these Bitters have no eijual.. For full directions read curulully the circu ar around each botlle, hinted in lour languages—English, Gorman, •Vouch ami Spanish. - J. WALKER, Propnolor, 32 Commerce St., N. Y. it; h. McDonald & co., Druggists, and general Agents. Sun Francisco and iSacruinenlo.'CalUbmiu, and 32 and 31 Cum* merce si;, Now York. SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS <t DEALERS. March 7,1870-3 m Q ARPETSI CARPETS! ! FIIYSIJVGER & WISER, CARPET STORE, No. 23 East Main 6teeet, w , ’ CARLISLE, In tho BENTZ HOTEL. The largest and cheapest assortment of CARPETS, OIL CLOTHS. MATTINGS, WINDOW SHADES, GLASSES, MAT AND CARPET CHAIN’S always on Hand. Wo arc prepar I to furnish purchasers with, all grades of Ca.pets at tho lowest rules. March 17.1870—Sra FRYSINGER & "WEISER. EGGS!! EGGS!!! From light Brahma fowls, pea combed, strictly pure from imported stock. 52.00-PEK DO Z E N . No order will bo booked'unl'css accompanied bylheonKh. A few pairs for sale. §l.OO PER PAIR. A few Half-Breed Italian Bees for pale In movable comb “hives—cheap* An dress C. U. UOPPcIR, P. O. Box 117, Carlisle, Pa. March 8,1870- The new article of food— For twentyvo cents you can buy of your Druggist or Grocer apackogoofSen Moss Ferine, manufactured from pure Irish Moss or Carra green, which will make sixteen quarts eft Blanc Mango, and alike quantity of Puddings, Cus* tards. Crearas, Charlotte Russo, «£c., &c. It Is by farlho cheapest, healthiest and most delicious food In the world. RAND SEA MOSS FARINE CO., 63 Park Place, Y. J3FEIL & CO. PRODUCE COMMISSION MERCHANTS • No. 10 North Water Street, Philadelphia . ■Solicit consignments of all kinds of PRODUCE Also. Butter, Eggs. Poultry, ito, <£c. Pliilndelphlu References—N. O. Mussoltnnn, Esq . Pres'l Union Bunking Co,, Philadelphia; Messrs. Allen.«t ClllTurcl, and Messrs. -Henry Sloan N. R.—Please? seudTor Weekly Price Current free of charge.'' . March 10, n>7OMJm BUY your FURNITURE, and buy your BEDDING ut tho (JK EAT AMERICAN, 1202 and 1204 Market Street, PHILADELPHIA. Largest; best selected; and cheapest stock la Philadelphia. May 6,7o—iw BARGAINS IN F URNITURE, GO TO H. KAMPLE & CO., No. Ki 3 Market Ht. Phlla, ( A largo and well selected stock of iinjt-class Furniture on hand for Spring Trade. May 6, 70—iw (PI A A TO $250 PER MONTH GUAR iD J.UI/ ANTEEU. Hurepay. Wages paid week ly to r.gents over,', wliero, bulling our JHtliU mi ner MoulU White Wire Ciofhis Lines. Business {lermunent, For full particulars address GI LAUD WIRE MILLS, Philft. Pa. May, 6,70 —lw Hwtol. MAY. Yes, May Is coming o’er the hills, Her eyes all bright with daisies, Her hands with opening blossoms flllcd— Tho theme of poet’s praises. And a* I watch her lingering stops, And hear her so/t winds playing, My mind will wander o’er the years To when I went n-Maying. Again, with many hopes and fears, • Forgetful how time passes, IJoln upon lh’village green The merry lads and lasses. Again, the wild bee’s drowsy hum Is floating o’er the meadow; Again I hear tho whispering trees, And watch tnolr waving shadow. Again, I sing tho sweet old songs, Apndsoo too bright spring weather; Again I wander o'er the hills, Jenny and 1 together. And ray violets wore her blue eyes, And my IIJMcs wrro her face. And I wondered in her presence That tho flowers had any grace. And os wo crossed the rustic bridge . That spanned the sparkling river, I asked her if through all her life She’d wander on together. I shall not tell you what sho said, ’Twould spoil the old, old story— But Jenny s walked through life, with me. And crowned my tiays with glory. • Though long years have passed since then, And we grow strangely sober, As May's sweet lingering light Gives place to life’s October; When May comes sinillnfe o’er the hills, Old paths my heart will stray In; With Jenny by my side agami I seem to go a-Maylng. 5~~~~~1~~,~~31~~~~~v REMINISCENCES OF THE OLDEN TIME. How out* Bnclcwoods Fathers mid Slotb- ers Lived, [For tlio intrinsic interest to nearly all clas.-es of our renders, we copy the fol lowing speech entire, delivered before the Pioneer,Association of Cincinnati, by Judge Johnson, of that city.] lam the youngest sou of a most, re spectable buck woods farmer, well to do for the .times in which he lived; and still living. In memory of the old folks of Jefferson County, he was known as one of the.men who gave stability 1 * and respectability to the social and religious institutions of the countiy. I uttei this .hit of egotl-m simply to this end, thet’ when I speak of what transpired in-my father’s family you may have a fairest .imnteof what was transpiring in other •espectabie families. CROSSING THE MOUNTAINS. I first fount! myself in a huge log cab In, in Jefferson County, Ohio. Howl got tlieie I only know from what others tell me. I asked my sister, seven years my senior, how it happened; anti she told me that the whole family crossed tite mountains from Shippensburg to Red Btbne, (now B.rowhsvilie,) Pennsyl vania, in a little two-borae wagon—not in it exactly, either, for all the. family, except Aunt Meg. who was too old, and your hiimhlpsfii’VJmr, who WAS too yOUIIg rooted It some before, io'uuc awfly me brush, and some behind, to chock the wheels and keep the \yugon from upset ting. Uncle Frank, a sturdy kinsman, who had crossed before, and whose name reminded all the world of his character, ho that all the world called him Uncle Frank, came to meet us on the eastern side of the mountains with an extra horse, which he' hitched to the end of the tongue, making what is called a spike team; he then cut-two long hickory withes aud fastened one of them to the brace on ouch side of the bed, and when he hugged one side of the mountain he held on to the withe, and then we held on to the other to keep the wagon from turning over. St) much for the railroad trains of that day. We ranched Red Stone late in the fall and camped for the winter-in an out house belonging Co old Billy Allum, a preacher in a denomination now obso lete, known by the name of Halcyons, a name which they hud assumed as a representative of their, peaceful principles and quiet lilo. Here in tins halcyon quiet my mother and her live children nestled, while my lather and his explor ing party crossed over to Ohio in search of land- On Cold Friday, a day Jong re membered by that naiue'amoog the pio neers us the coldest day in the memory of man, he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land, with a truck patch cleared, and a huge log cabin in which 1 found myself. Let me pause here to pay an affectionate tribute to this old cabin- For several years it served the triple pur pose of a dwelling house for our family, a free hospitium for all comers, and a Methodist church, where a flock, of which my father was shepherd,of fourteen mem bers, all sure looted Christians, worship ed, not with pomp and splendor, but in spirit and truth. Afterward this sanc tuary of my youth was degraded to the rank of a hay-house, but in after years emerged fropr obscurity and became a seminary of learning wherein I finished my school education on the last sum in the “oingle rule of three/’ my master unhappily sticking* fast between the words numerator aud denominator in vulgar fractions* But let me go back to Cold Friday.,— That night my father and his three com panions put up at the hospitable man sion of Edward (better known as Ned) Taylor, a small log cabin of one story, about fifteen feet square, long after occu pied ns a hen-house. In this little cabin Ned Taylor, hisr good wife Nelly, five sons and five . daughters, and the four travelers, lodged and no complaints for want of room—genuine hospitality al ways find room enough, and never apolo glzes for the lack of more. True, the whole sixteen did not lie down at once, because, as my father described tire scene; two of die sons were detailed, the one to carry hi fire wood to keep the party from freezing and the other to curry in waier to keep the house from burning. In the morning, under the cmv ruck, such had been the close embraces of the hogs, the smaller shouts were overlaid and smoth ered, while woodrats and Wild birds were frozen to death ; hut neither cold nor lieal, nor hunger nor hardship, could con quer the pioneers of Ohio- Early In thespring we moved baggage, from Red Btoue to Yellow Oregk*, took possession of the great log cabin, and commenced solving the three curkipg problems of poverty: What shall we eat? What ahull we drink ? Wherewith al shall wo be clothed ? WHAT SHALL WE EAT? The first of these problems was the easiest solved. The deer, the bear, the wild turkey, the raccoon, the rabbit, the squirrel, all started up, and euid.orseem ed to say, ‘eat me.* These were the pro visions made by the Great Spirit for bis red children, and these were the provis ions by the Great Spirit for his white childten. Fresh meat was abundant, and cost but little. As to bread that re quired both patience and labor, for thus runs the decree of Heaven, ‘ln the sweat of thy face shall thou eat bread, 1 but this condition did not alarm the pioneer.— Every backwoods- farmer, once a year, added to his clearing ut least a ‘truck patch.’ This was the hope and the slay of ids family. This was the receptacle, Che hotbed, so to speak, of corn, beans, and melons, and potatoes, and squashes, and pumpkins, and turnips; each teem ing variety more delicious because it grew in virgin earth. The corn and beans planted in May brought forth CARLISLE,."PA., THURSDAY. MAY 26, 1870, roasting ears (uni succotqph in August.— When masting'ears went out, potatoes came tumbling in, uudthe bowels of the fodderdiouse, stowed with pumpkins and squashes, secured the family against want. When the corn grew too hard for roasting ears, and was yet too soft to grind In tbo mill, It was reduced to meal c u a grater and, whether stirred Into mush, or baked into Johnny cake, if made for p'aln . people a most delicious food. Place before a hungry man one superficial foot of such Johnny cuke, and n steak venison broiled on hickory coals, andjf lie starves it is a clear case of felo ctese, ami he ought to bo buried in the cross-roads under a kern. Ne.xt.to the prater comes the hominy block, which was a means both of warm* hip and feeding; and, when pigs began to be raised, the natural relation between pork and beaten corn suggested the grand old idea of Ifog and honiiny. But when corn and wheat can be ground on a mill, the business becomes serious. When I was a mill boy I had easy times compared with others, be cause we had a water mill within three miles on one side, and a horse mill with in the snmedlstanee on theother. True, when tho water mill run low and hun dreds flunked id the horse mill I have sometimes thought it hard to camp out three' days and three nights within three, miles of home to secure ray turn t *and bolt my meal by band. But others had to travel five, ten, fifteen or twenty miles to have their gfuiu ground, dud .all on pack-horses. Wagons for such purposes were out of the question. What became of ours F do not know I,do not remem ber to have even seen it. It was proba bly sent back Into.the older settlement and exchanged for something more in dispensable. Tommy Parkinson’s was to me the elgth wonder of the world, and when it was chartered to move a family from, one place to another, corps of pioneers went before to cutaway the brush. Even the sled was a secondary vehicle of commerce. .The pack-horse was (he ship, the steamboat, the canal boat, the raircar; the omnibus* The cultivation of domestic animals, both beasts and birds, for the purposes of food began at a very early day. Kino for beef, butter and beef, and leather, and swine for pork, were bread ear marked, and turned into the woods to browse.— Hoot hog or die was the law for man and beast. The housewife was • happy who could And *a nest of . wild turkey’s eggs,, and bring them home to be hatched by a trusty old . hen ,in mi outside chimney corner, where she could form an alliance with this step dame in defending the eegs and brood from the opossum and | tho hawk. The grandest of birds is identical in savage ami in civilized life, and is the peculiar production of Ameri ca. I have seen large flocks of domestic turkeys in Canada* ns white as snow, bred mainly for the feathers. I , have, them brown, and drub, and party colored but in a state of nature they were all black. This, I believe, is a universal law of nature. Wild horses, wild cow’s, wild goats, wild dogs, wild turkeys and .wild n.en, each in his kind, are uniform In color and character, but whenever civilization conies in. the diversity be comes endless. The brown herds of La b*in becomes *rlm?-streuked. speckled and spot ed,’ under Ihe culture of Jacob j and so of all the rest, including men WHAT SHALL WE DRINK ? mush ami milk were eaten for breakfast, and bog and milk for dinner, and mush and milk for supper, (here was i»ut little morn for tea and codec*; and at a time when one bushel of wheat for one pound of coffee, and four busheis for a pound of tea. was. « fair exchange, not mu<-h of these expensive beverages were used. But next to water thedrlnk of the pio neers wus u biskey—copper-still rye whiskey. Everybody drank whiskey.— It was supposed io lie indispensable to, health, as an auti-fogmetic in going out in the morning. It was supposed to be imlispen-able to strength and endurance during the labors of the day. It was sup posed to be indispensable to sleep in the night. It was supposed to.be absolutely indispensable to warmth and animation in cold, chilly, winter weather. It was tiie sacrament of friendship and hospi tality, as much so ns the sacred bread and. suit of the Mussulman. And yet I urn not prepared to say that the per centum of men.ruined by this drink was greater than, that ruined by the various slops of the present day. Nor was it from mo tives of mere i usseduesstbat men turn ed the entire surplus of their crops into whiskey. In those days there were neither railroads or cuuuls, nor even wa gon roads. The eastern slope of our country was separated from the Mississ ippi Vulloy by a giant chain of rugged mountains. Commerce was curried on the hacks of pack horses. The only pro duce of the West that would bear trans portation on these ill tie- ships of the des ert, were peltries, flux yarn and flux lin en, ami these were euchunged for iron, leather, salt and other things indispen sable to Die settlement of a new country, but not for. money. The only mode of getting the surplus grain into market, or getting money into the country, was hy converting the grain into whiskey, floating it down the great natural canal to New Orleans, ami selling it for Span ish coin. The first rebellion against the government of the United States, com monly called tlie Whiskey Insurrection, hud grown out of the hardships of the Scotcli-Irish of Western Pennsylvania, and the panhandle of Virginlajtwho. in the mother country, had learned to love whiskey and hate gaugers; and this population gave lone and character to the first settlers in Eastern Ohio. There was then this apology for whiskey, that it was the only moans,of dlsposlngof sur plus crops,,dr bringing . money into the country. And, I might add, that at that day neither General Cary nor Father Mathew had arisen to shed the purer light of reform ou the darkness of the backwoods, and my good old father was the only temperance in an extant. But while I apologize for backwoods whiskey, I'camiot join In the popular idea that it was a very wholesome, harm less tiling compared with t’*e modern ar ticle of the same name. On the contra ry, according to my best recollection It made men’s eyes red, and their noses blue, and their children ragged, and their wives wretched, just as it-does now.' wherewith shall we be clothed? Clothing in the backwoods wag a seri ous matter, but in tills the people con formed to the circumstances in which they were placed. The almost univer sal costume was a linsey-woolsey hunt ing shirt, blue or butternut, according to the fancy of the wearer, buckskin punts and vest of the skin of a panther, a wild cat or a spotted fawn foi the winter, and homespun linen, flax or tow for the sum mer. But innovations were soon made. My father hod/brouglu out a huge trunk full of coarse broadcloth, and this tempt ed the young men to have coats to be married Id. They would bargain with my father for the cloth ami trimmings, and with my mother for making the coat and pay both bids by grubbing making rails or clearing laud, It may seem odd at this day that a wonmu of small stature' besides doing her own house work, should make two hundred rails a day with her needle and shears, and And time fi.r reading and mental culture every day. I never think of my mother's tailoring skill without being reminded of one instance. A young man had purchased the cloth for his wedding coat, and, as a measure of econo my, employed one Nancy Clark to make it up. Nancy was an expert on hunting shirts, buck-skin breeches and such, but had never cut a coat, and so my mother cut the coat nut. Nancy made it up, but on the eve of the wedding, when he tried it on, instead of allowing ins arms to down by Ids side, us be came a bridegroom, It turned him into a spreudeugie with arms extended upward. The wedding day was at hand and in his perplexity no brought the coat to my mother to diagnose Us disorder, when she found that there was nothing more serious thau that Nancy had sewed the right sleeve into the left side and the left sleeve into the right, and put them both in upside down. As luxury and extravagance In dress an old tailor with shears and goose and sleeve board began to whip the cat round the neighborhood, and my mother’s occupa tion, except in her own household, was gone. The custom of whipping the cat, both for tailors and shoemakers, was iu vogue for many a year after; and, like the school master boarding louud, bad this advantage, that if they got poor pay for their work they got fed aud lodged while they were about it. But the material for, winter clothing* except buckskin, was hard to get. As the woolen goods wore out, my father bought six sheep to commence with, and within the first week the wolves chased the old dog under the cabin floor and killed two of them within a few yards of the cabin door. Aud o’u account of the scarcity of wool, many a night I have sat up till midnight with a pair of band cards, .mixing wool with rabbit's fur and carding them together, while my moth' er spun and knit them into mittens and stockings for her children to go to school in; And so, too, I have picked the seeds out of raw cotton with my Auger and thumb, and carded aud mixed it in like manner to eke‘ out the wool supplied by our little flock • KICKING BLANKETS. At a later date, when wool became abundant, the method of making blan kets, flannels, casinets, aud even cloths was simple and sure. Every house bad hand cards, and os many spinning wheels as spinners, and no respectable household was without a loom. When the goods were curded, spun and woven then came the . kicking frolic. Half a dozen young men, and a corresponding number of young women, *to make' the balance true,’ were invited. The floor was cleared for action, and in the middle a circle of* six split-bottom chairs formed, and connected by a cord, to prevent re coil. On these sat the six young men, with boots and stockings off, and pants roiled up above the knee. In the center the goods were placed, wetted with soap suds, and then the kicking commenced by measured steps, driving the bundle of goods round and round ; the elderly lady with a long nicked gourd, pouring on more warm soapaups* and every now and then, with spectacles on nose and yard stick in hand, measuring goods till they were shrunk to.the desired width, aud then calling.the lads to a dead halt. — Then whije the iads put on their hose and boots, the lasses stripped their arms above the elbows,,rinsed and rung the blankets and flannels, and huugthem on tiie garden fence to dry. When this was done a supper fit for a King was Spread and eaten, the table removed, and ’Sis ter Phebe’ played till midnight when ail the parly went home, nothing loth to be called to a new kicking frolic every night till the blanket-kicking season was over LADY’S COSTUMES. The costumes of the ladies deserves a passing notice. The pioneers proper, of course, brought with them something to wear like .that in use where they came from. But these could not Just always, and.new apparel, such as the new coun try allorded, had to be provided. Be sides, the little girls they.brought with them sprung up to womanhood with the rapidity of the native hutterweed, and (hey hud to be made both decent and at tractive. And what was more, they were .willing to aid in makiugtbemsolvea so. The flux patch, therefore, became « ■■«£ no |M*lma jm/inoai tjr j»a th{\ ‘truck patch.’ This, like the ‘truck patch, 1 was always a new clearing, for flax grows best in virgin earth. On the side next to the woods (he flux grows tall, slender and delicate. This wes carefully pulled by the girls and kepi by itself to make finery of. The stronger growth did well enough to make flax linen shirts, and tow linen pants for the men, or (he warp, for .linsey-woolsey; blit for their Sundays the ladies wanted something to make them more attractive, ami no blame on .Diem for that. This line fiuX was carefully pulled, carefully rotted, careful ly broken, carefully scutched, carcfullv spun, carefully dyed in divers colors, and carefully woven in cross barred figures, tastefully diversified, straining a point to get Turkey red enough to put a* single thread betweeu the duller colors to mark their nulliue, like the circle around a dove’.i eye. Of such goods the rustic beauty made her Sunday gown, and then with her Vandyke of suowwhite home spun stockings, and'white kid slippers, sue was a sight for sore eyes, aud some times a sight for sore hearts. Active ex ercise in thp open the shadow of a broad her cheek an honest healthful glow, aud as for that alabaster smoothness of skin, produced ■ by infinitesimal doses of arsenic, happily it was not admired. Indeed, if a rustic youth bud been informed that his lady love took ratsbane, to make herself pret ty,' be would halve fled iu horror from her presence. Now you want to know how she came by the white kid slippers, and I will tell you. She had her lover or her brother, shoot and skin six fine squirrels, tamied the skins herself, in a large sugar trough, am) had them made up, to be worn on Sundays and state occasions. But you must not suppose she made long tramps through mud aud mire in these pretty slippers. Her Sunday stockings and slippers were snugly stowed away in her satchel, and barefooted, when the roads were good,,butsometimes in her cowhide shoes, she walked three, five or seven miles to church, and when she.came in sight of the place of worship, turned Into the woods and, put on her foot gear and walked in respectfully and respected.— The love of admiration was not all. There was a belief iu those primitive times that it was a sort of sacrilege for a man with a dirty shirt or a .woman with dirty stockings to come into the house of the Lord. If any lady with five pounds of hemp on the back of her head, and thirty-five yards of silk velvet in her train, is un charitable enough to laugh at our pioneer mothers, I have this to say : Madam, I admire , you very much. You ; are a charming creating, but I doubt if your sons will ever bear the standards of their country in the front of battle, or ‘shake the Senate with a Tally’s force,’ like the sous of these plain old women. For, by the testimony of all history, luxury, tends to degeneracy. AROHITEOTDRE. The houses in which tbe pioneers lived were such as 1 have described. They were built of round logs, with the bark on, chimneys of mud and sticks, pun cheon floor, clapboard roof, second floor, if there was any, of chestnut bark or clapboards, without a nail or particle of Iron, from top to bottom.- These build ings stood for many a year after the origi nal occupants had moved into better quarters. They served for stables, sheep pens, boy-houses, loom-shops, schooi icuses and other uses, illustrating tho primitive architecture of the country.— The people were still building such houses In ray day, except that sawed boards might be had to ay tho second floor, and make the bottom doors, and nails enough to fasten on the buttons and wooden hinges. Nulla wore, of course, sparingly used. *1 have been told by a connection of mine, a pioneer mer chant, that after nails came In, ho was in the daily habit for years of exchanging a pound of nails for a bushel of wheat, even up, mid I well remember the flret ehingzled roof I ever saw was puton with wrought nulls, hammered outou a black ball lira anvil, and headed in a black smith's vice; and made from odds and ends of worn out sickles, and scythes, and broken olevispins, and links of chains, aud horseshoes welded together, to eke out the nail rods from which they were forged. I have beeu one of a corps of backwoods engineers to go into the woods la the morning, where not a tree had been felled, nor a stone turned, and build a house and have the nowly-mar ried couple for whom It was built, snug ly lodged in their own house tiie same night. At early dawn three or four wise builders would set the corner stones, and lay on and square and level the first round. The hands employed would be thus detailed; two men with felling axes to cut the logs, and one with a team of horses, a llzzard and a log chain to snako them in. Two more, with felling axes, cross-cut saw and broad axe, to hew out the puncheons and flatten the upper sides of tbo sleepers and joists. Four skillful axemen to carry up the corners, and tho residue with skids and forks to shove up the logs. As soon os the joists were laid on, the' cioss-out saw was brought in from the woods, and two men went to work to cut out the door and chimney place, and while tbo corner men were building up the attic and putting on the roof, the carpenters and masons of the day were mtting down tbo puncheon: laying the loartb and building the chimney high enough to keep out beasts, wild or tame. In one corner, at a distance of six feet from one wall and four feet from .the other, an auger hole .was bored through the floor, and a slick, with a crotchet, j In range with a chink of the wall, and some eighteen inches from the bottom, inserted. A pole was then laid with one end in a chink of the wall and the other in this crotchet,-and aspring-bottom bed of clapboards and a straw mattress spread out to receive the happy pair, after the company who warmed the nsw house had retired. No window-was needed, because the chinks in the wall wefe all open ; nor was it necessaiy that the second floor should be laid until the corn crop should be gathered ; but os a thrifty couple, it was expected that before win ter set in they would have the house chinked-aud daubed to keep out the cold, a floor laid overhead as a depository for the first corn crop, and a window out out and glazed with the Western Herald duly oiled to let in the light* Looks there were none, because there were no thieves, and ‘the latch-string was always out.’ ‘ ... FURNITURE. The furniture of the blackwbod match ed the architecture well. There were a few quaint specimens of cabinet work dragged into the wilderness, but these were sporadic and not common. - I con best describe it by what I saw in my father’s bouse. And first of all, a table bad to be Improvised, and there was no cabinet-maker to make it and no lumber to make it of. Our floor was made with broad chestnut puncheons, well and smoothly hewn, for the obsolete art of hewing timber was then in Its prime. My father took one of these puncheons, two feet and a half broad, putting two narrow ofles In its place, bored four large augur holes, and put in four legs of round pales, with the bark on. On this hospitable board many a wholesome meal was spread, and many an honest man, and many a way-worn stranger ate his fill and was grateful.—On greatoccoslons, when an extension table was needed, the door was lifted off its hinges and added to the great puncheon, to accommodate the supply to the demand. What we eat upon first I cannot con- jecture, but I remember well when my father loaded his horses down with wheat or corn and crossed the country, a dis tance of eight or ten miles and* brought borne in exchange a set of split-bottom ohairt—some of which are intact to this day, Huge bund boxes made of blue oah bark, supplied the place of bureaus and .wardrobes; and a large tea-chest out in was the library. A respectable old bed stead, still in the family, had been Jug ged across from Red • Stone, An- old turner and svheelright added a trundle bed, and the rest• were hewn and whitt led out, according to the fashion of .the times, to serve their day and be supplan ted by others, as tbe civilization of the country advanced* And the grand flour ish in furniture was tbe dresser. Here were spread out a great display of pew ter dishes, pewter plates, pewter basins, aud pewter spoons, scoured as bright as silver, »s if to say, ‘that woman’s daughter will make you a good wife, my boy.’ I bave said that money was scarce, bu then our fathers learned to live withou All was barter. The preacher’s stl pend, the lawers fee, the schoolmaster's salary, the workman’s wages, the shoe makers account, the tailor's bill, wore all paid in baiter. I have'seen my father, when he had a surplus of grain and a deficit of pigs, fill two sacks of coni aud, ou the backs of horses, carry it to a distant part of the neighborhood and exchange it for four shoals, and in.each sack thrust one shoat in tail foremost and another in head fore most, tie up the mouths oftbo sucks and mount them on horseback, rip a hole in .the seam of the sack for each snout to ’stick out, and bring them home to be fat tened lor next year’s pork. Here was a currency—a denomination of greenbacks which neither required the pen of the Chancellor of the Excbeqeur to make it a legal tender, nor the judgment of tho Chief Justice to declare itunconstilutton a|. The law of necessity governs in every case, and wise men may fict every hair ofi their heads without changing results. THE SCHOOLS. If time and space permitted, I would be glad to go through all the ramifica tions of backwoods life, and do Justice io our pioueor fathers and mothers, and if I live f will do it yet. But for the pres ent I can only speak of one more topic— .the common school. The population was so sparse that to fill up a school children had to travel a longdistance aud the labor of every child able to pick .up brush was required in clearing and recloaring the land during the nine working months of the year, so that we had but three months school, at the sea son of the year wheu children could do nothing else ; and so it happened that during the nine working months we for got what we bad learned during Dm school months. As some indescribable orator once said, ‘W© commenced at 'Booby' iu Webster’s spelling-bonbon tho first day of December, and progress ed as far as the Fox in the-Bramble when tho school adjourned; went home apd battled with the brambles nine mouths, and on returning to school, on the first day of December, found our selves again at ‘Booby,’ As an agitator on the subject of popu lar education, and tbe drafstman of the school bill of 1837-38, I flatter myself that our schools are now a little better than formerly. But let no upstart despise the pioi eer intellect of tho West. I will not venture beyond my own profession, and the ministers of tho religious denomina tion In which I was reared. In the town* T of Steubenville, where I studied my pro-, fession, there stands a little old Qourt House. In early times when Court was held in this little house, you might no tice round the table James itoss, Philipp Dodridge, Charles Hammond, John M. Oooduow, Benjamin Tappan, John (’. Wright and Obediah Jennings. These men have all departed, and, therefore, without flattery, I mention their names and I challenge all tbe Atlantic seaboard from Boston to Charleston, to show me seven such men at any one bar. ‘1 now turn to the pioneer Methodist preachers, who reminded one more of the blunt fishermen of Galileo than the metaphyslcalpupilofQamalielnuid when 1 count Asa tihiuu, Abel Robinson, John A, Waterman, Archibald McElroy, David Young and Nathaniel Collins, I am unable to find their equals la the Church East ’or West.** To match tho pioneer lawyers of Eastern Ohio. I must invoke Die name of Edwiu M. Stanton, and to match tho pioneer* preachers that of Matthew Simpson, both born by plain* pioueor mothers iu the same neck of woods where infancy and youth were spent, and to which I look back with feelings of honest pride. • VOL. 56.—N0. 50. THE TOiP. A Story of Women’s Rerongro. There never breathed a more mere! leas and villainous monster thtfn Ben Nath ans. a fellow who had attached himself to tbe interest of the Pawnee Indians, then a peaceable tribe and well inclined toward the white settlers of the far West. Bat Nathans had sowed the seed of dis content among the red men ; and al though he could not induce the chief to join him in any murderous enterprise, he had completely won over a number of the warriors who agreed to join him in any desperate undertaking they mlghtbe called upon to attempt, provided he would lead them, and provided, also; that they would be rewarded. With a dozen of these fiendish Paw nees. Nathans set out one bitter winter s night upon an excursion, which he infor med his men would pay them haudsome ly, and that ton, without incurring any risk to themselves. The point of attack was a ranohe situ ated on the main road from Laramie to Bridger’s Pass. The leader and his sav ages entered it about mid-night* They | had murdered the watchman outside, aud left his bloody form, ghostly and horrible to look upon, stretched-before the dwelling. Within, they found two men; and even before they had been aroused from their slumbers, the dripping tomahawk was raised oyer them, aud when it fell, it crashed through the brain of the half aroused sleepers, and sent them back to a long sleep. • A heavy door now intervened between Nathans and an apartment he wished to reach. He tried the latob, aud found that it was looked; but seeing an axe,'he soon effected an entrance by battering the door into splinters. A single shot was fired at him, and the bullet whizzed post his head, cutting his cap, but doiug him no barm. I Instantly he leaped through the open- | ing he hud made, but all was darkness around him. Aud yet he thought he heard the sound of a light footfall, and saw the flutter of a night-dress by tbe rays of the torches which were blazing in tbe next apartment. So he called: 'Bring lights, men! Quick,, bring lights V The savages sprang through the aper ture with wild yells, flashing their torch es over their heads, aud dancing about in . evident delight. They already felt them selves more than repaid for their journey for iu the ranche-storo they had found blankets, ornaments, furs, tobacco' and, what was of still greater importance to them, whiskey. Of this they bad drank until they were ready for any act, no mntteir bow daring or brutal* As soon as Che lights were brought in-, to tbe room, their rays revealed a.bed which was standing iu one corner. To the side of hie couch tbe renegade sprang He saw that it had been but recently occupied, for it was yet warm. But here was only a single indentation upon the pillow. Could this be the couch of the woman he sought; where was the husband ? Aud where was tbe woman ? 'Nathans at once began his search. He seized a torch, and high and low through tlie building he went, not a spot escaping his scrutiny. But he returned to tbe ‘main room foiled, for .not a soul could be found. And yet the villian felt sure that lie had caught the glimpse of a female form, flying from his presence. Upon reaching tbe upper room he found it was iu flames. He was angry/ but his wrath was of no avail, and he found it impossible to extinguish the flumes. At the moment he believed himself to Biit a cry fell upon bid ears. He sprang into the sleeping apartment and throw ing back tbe bed covering he saw an in fant, who, up to this moment had re mained concealed from his yiew. He seized the child in his arms, and as ho gained the outside of the burning mass, he laughed loudly, and exclaimed : ‘The proud beauty is in iny power now. This is her child, and wherever the in fant is taken, she will follow. But it is strange that tbe mother should foresake her little one, even for nn instant, at'a moment of danger. Wheie can she pos sibly bo?' But! the question was not answered.— The wails of tbe little one arose upon the still night air; but there came to it no mother's soothing voice. The villain and his followerers took their way into the mountains, bearing their booty with them, as well as the frightened and sobbing infant. Butthey halted only a short distance from the ruuche, for Nathans resolved upon farth er plans. Ho hud determined that the woman he sought should become bis cap tive, and that, too, before he returned to the Pawnee stronghold, at Table Hill. Daylight dawned, and while- he was trying to decide upon some plan of ac tion, ho" saw a. white boy approaching his camp. The savages had discovered the lad at the same time. They wore yet under the influence of liquor, for they had a quantity of it with them, still uncon sutned, and upon seeing the approach of the hoy, they leaped upon him, and their knives were taised, ready to be plunged into his breast: but Nathans sprang to bis rescue, and, with the great est difficulty, succeeded in saving his life. As soon as the little follow was safe, the villiun asked: my hoy, what brings you here?’ •I came, Sir,' replied the lad, ‘on ac count of that child.’ ‘Did the mother send you?’ 1 ‘No—the mother is dead.’ How is that?’ ‘Well, Slr„ when the alarm of the at tack was given last night, poor Webber was' frightened nearly to death-. She sprang from her bod, pnd, forgetting bier little one entirely, she ran into the cel lar for safety. It was not long after be fore she discovered that the building was on tiro, and then she thought of her child. She made an effort to return for it, but a faintness came over her, and for u time she could not move. But she ral lied aud staggered forward, only to full and suffocate. And there she perished.’ ‘How do you know this ?’ ‘I was sleeping in the same apartment with Agnes. When she ran to the col lar I followed. I was as much.frighteu ed as herself, and only thought of the child when the mother spoke of her. 1 tried to save my slater but I had only time to crawl through a window and save my own life.’ ‘Are you the brother of Agues Web ber?’ s * ", ‘You can see that I am if you ever met 'Agnes, by my strong resemblance to her.’ ‘The resemblance Is'a striking one, I confess. But where was the huabjtnd of your sister?’ > v ‘He went to the mountains for a hunt' several days since, ami bad not returned last night.’ . i‘ ‘Well what do you want with me ?’ „‘I knew you bad the child, for I saw it in your arms lost, and I beard it cry as you passed by mo. I was too much frightened to speak to you then. But when I came to think, I didn’t know why you should wisli to barm me or to keep the babe, and so I resolved to come to you and ask for it.’ ‘What will you do with the brat?’ ‘I really don’t know; but I am the uncle of the little one; and of course, I must do all I can for it, for I think its father must have already been killed.’ ‘Then the host thing I can do with this little whelp is to dash its brains out against a tree,'said the monster, raising the child by one foot, and . making a movement os if to put his suggestion in to execution. But the boy sprang for ward, and catching the infant in his arms, he cried : ‘O no! Don't hand the innocent thing! She will be a woman some day, and then you might bo glad you let her live.’ ‘True, true—l never thought of that,’ continued the fleud. ‘And she may look like her mother. It Is a long time t Hates for ADvra-nsnnoTTß wm bo inserted at Ton Deal per line lor the Ural Insertion, end five cone per line lor each subsequent Insertion. QaOr erly hall-yearly, and yearly advertisements In serted at a liberal redaction on the above rates Advertisements should be accompanied by the Cash. When sent without any length of tint specified lor publication, they will be continued nn til ordered out and onarged accordingly. JOB PRINTING. OAbds, Handbills,Ontotmsns, end every oth er description o 1 Jon and Gaud Printing, I wait, ami I shall be old then. But the I death of the brut will do me no good now, I and I’ll let her live, if I don’t change Imy mind. Still I cannot help cursing myself for permitting Agnes to slip through my fingers. I loved her as I mochas I could love any body; aad if I bad only been more careful, I might have made her mine.’ For some moments the villain remain ed silent nod thoughtful; then he turn ed toward the boy aod exclaimed : I ‘You may be deceiving me. If I' I thought you were, I. would ‘dash your brains out in ad instant.’ | ‘Deceiving you in what, Sir?’ ‘Agnes may not be dead.’ ‘You can satisfy yourself about that,’ ‘How can I do so ?’ ‘Go with me and, see the body your self.’ How can this be? If it was la the collar, as you say, it is burnt to g cinder by this timei’ ‘No. When I drew it from the burnt timbers this morning there was still enough left to recognize it 6y. Poor girl —a smile was resting upon her face, blackened as it was.’ Vo you found the body?* ‘Yes. 1 - ‘And drew it out ?’ ‘I did.* . . * What did you do with it ?’ ‘I placed it in the baru. I did not know but her husband might be back in a few days, and I knew would want to see it when be came. 7 ‘How many men are at the ranche, or where it stood V •Not one. They were all killed last night!’ ‘ls it possible that the father of this child may he back by this time?’ *Yes, it is possible.’' ‘ Well, I will satisfy myself that Agnes is dead, if such is really the case* But It ■ will be a sorry deception for you, if .I find you are deceiving me.’ ‘Come on. and you will find it as I tell you* I will carry, the child. The little thing Is frightened, when in your arms; and if it cries, which it is sure to do; the Indians may get angry and kill it.’ ‘Very well—you can hold the brat.’ — Several of the savages were so drunk that they were not able to walk, or;,even 1 stand atone, »jid these had to be left be hind. ButNatbausstarted on his return to the sceuo of murder, accompanied by four of his red fiends. These were wild * with the stimulants they swallowed, and several times they attempted to kill the lad and the child, but were prevented from doiug so by their leader. As they approached the barn, Nathans appeared to be somewhat auspicious. He gazed cautiously around Oh every side, but no sign of life was there. , The ruins of the ranche still smoked and occasional shoots of dame darted up between the timbers. But before the blackened mass.iayi' a ghastly eight. It was the body of the watchman, who had been murdered and literally cut to pieces by tbe fiendish enemy. The charred remains of the two who had been killed within were visible, and the spectacle was a sickening one, al though Nathans laughed as. he looked upon it. Nearing the barn, the villain exclaim- * ed: ‘Boy, open the door for us!’ The lad advanced and did so; but be started buck, and exclaimed: 'O,l cannot look upon her face again —lt would kill me I You will find the body, Sir, near the end of the barn. Go In. for I cannot!’ Nathaua gazed ia at the door, and ap peared to examine the interior of the place. He was evidently satisfied, for he exclaimed: -jl uuiTc wiobuy living- umagnero putre there ia a heap of half-burnt rugs. I sup* pose all that' is loft of Agnes is in there.’ As the villain spoke he entered the barn, and the savages followed him. The boy crouched low, watohiog the wretch and his red fiends, until they had disappeared from view. - He manifested considerable excitement, and then leap ed to his feet, and run to the ranohe,— 4 He seized a blazing fagot and returning a few steps toward the barn, applied it to a train-of powder which had been previ ously laid. The flash shot up, and crawled like a fiery serpent toward the building. .In an instant after, there came a terrible explosion, and the mur derers, together with the blazing mass and broken timber were hurled high in to the air. They met a terrible but mer ited doom. In half an hour after, the husband re turned. The boy explained mattersiadd lug: *1 saved our child, William, but w© must go where the child will be iu no further danger.’ • Ytfs, my wife, we will do so.’ The mother had been temporarily absent from her dwelling, when tbe vil- Jiau and tbe Indians came upon the ranche. She had returned Just in time to see her infant in the arms of Nathans. She had decided in an instant upon her plan of rescuing it, and she laid the trap. Sho .disvdised herself as the boy, and she recovered her darling; while she was terribly revenged upon those who had murdered her friends and despoiled-her home. Many people who have been told that tbe Chinese eat rats, do . not believe the story ; but if is true. In-the northern part of China, where meat is cheap, rats are never eaten; iu the central provinces, they occasionally add a flavor to a-poor man’s soup; but in tbe vicinity of Can ton they area staple article ot food with the lower classes. A rat is prepared for tbe Chinese market in a peculiar way: it is skinned, opened, pressed flat, salted and dried. Bats are to be seen in the market places, piled, up in the above sbupef like codfish iu our grocers’ shops. Of course when the “coming man” ia represented by the thousand here, he will . want his rats; and no doubt there will be enterprise enough among our people to give them to him ia the form above de scribed. This will bo called “ a new branch of industry and trade,” very pro perly. A Goon Dauqhteb.— There are other ministers of love more conspicuous than she, hut none in which a gentler, lovelier spirit dwells, and none to which the true heart’s warm requitals joyfully respond. She is the steady light of her father’s house. Her ideal is indissolubly connect ed with that of bis fireside. She is his morning sunlight and evening star. The grace, vivacity aud tenderness of her sex have, thuir place in the mighty sway which she bolds over his spirit. She is the pride and.Qrnamentof his hospitality and the in his sickness. An English Bishop, who was fond of shooting, in'one of hia.oxoursions met with u friend’s, gamekeeper, whom.Jio .' •Shurly reproved for inattention to his re-.- \ ligious duties, exhorting him strenuously. ;to‘go. to church, and read his Bible.’— •The keeper, in an angry mood, respond- ■'& cd, ‘ Why, I do read my Bible, sir, but I don’t dud in it any mention of the Apostles going a shooting.’ ‘No,. my good man, you are right,’ said the Bish op ; ‘the shooting was very bad in Pales tine, so they went fishing instead.’ Polygamy.— General Cullum, Chair man of the House Territorial Committee on Tuesday lust, read a letter from Gov, Shatter, of Utah, from which it appears thab the Governor has been quietly tak ing notes and examining into the condi tion of ufiairs, and has prepared and for warded a statement relative to matters in the territory. He urges the immedi ate passage of the House bill abolishing polygamy, and says that unless some such measure is adopted it will be useless to attempt to establish a Just government far the people there, Nothing is said in this letter about the stories that the Mor mons are organizing or arming to resist the authorities of the United States.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers