AMERICAN VOLUNTEER JSHN B. BkATTON. Editor & Proprietor. ■ CARLISLE, PA., FEB. 14. 1861, Thanks. —Wo are,indebted to Senator Bio-’ ler, for Congressional documents. Also, to Messrs. Crawford, Lowtlier and Marshall, of the State Legislature, for continued favors. Military Funeral.—A private named Webster, died at the Carlisle Garrison, on Saturday, and was buried with military hon ors on Monday morning. Troops for Wasuinoton.— On Thursday last Cfty-fivo'U. S. Dragoons, fully equipped, loft, the Carlisle Garrison for Washington, where they are npw stationed. Post Office Regulation. —We would again remind the public that postage must be fully prepaid by stamps on all letters or packages addressed -to Governors, Heads of Depart ments, and members of the Legislature, of this and other States, in default of which they will he seat to the Dead Letter Office, Wash ington, D. C.: Horse Thief Arrested.—A young man named David Hoover, of.Ffarikford township, this bounty, was arrested at.llockersville, on Saturday last, on the charge of stealing a horse that belonged to Joseph Conner, of the same township. When arrested, Hoover was sleeping in a wagon-bed, and the.horse he had stolen was tied to the fence. lip was brought before Justice Smith, in Carlisle, who com mitted him to jail to await- his trial. The horse was identified as the property of Mr. Conner, and was-delivered up to him. Paddy on-a Spree. —On Monday last, five Irishman, (from. Baltimore,) who had boon iu- very freely in tanglefoot whiskey,, were arrested by the Chief Burgess, on the charge of disturbing the. peace. They were ■ hard looking specimens, out of work, and on the tramp. When they reached Carlisle, they replenished their bottles, and then (merely for. a little fun; they said,) commenced war on all the colored men they could lay hands on, —; Several rounds were fought, when the fun was stopped by tho. Burgess. . Justice Smith com mitted the offenders. High Wind.— A sudden change in the wea ther took place on Thursday last, about noon, Which was followed by the highest wind of the season. Ladies had’ to-forego the pleasure of ..promenading, and gentlemen Were in many instances subjected to the mortifying alterna tive of giving chase to a fugitive tile, or pur suing their journey hatless. If there ever was a wind that Mowed 'nobody good, the wind of Thursday was one of that ilk. . • The Common . Schools ,op Cumberland County,— From the annual report of the State Superintendent of Common Schools we glean the following intelligence relative to the pub lic schools of Cumberland county: Whole number of schools, 194 Number yet required,' 3 •Average number of months taught, : Numbor of male teachers, Number of female-teachers. Average .salaries of male .teachers, Average salaries of female teachers, Number of male scholars, Number of female scholars, Average number attending'school, ..6,811 Coat of teaching each scholar per-month, (eta.,) 71 •Amount of tax laid for school purposes, $38,708 31 ■ Amount levied for building purposes, ~ $3,300 99 Amt, received from State appropriation, 5t.084 67 Cost of instruction, ' $30,058 51 Cost of fuel and contingencies, Coat of school houses, - Salary of County Superintendent, Hens Keeping Holiday.—A gentleman friend who keeps a large flock of laying hens, that generally yield him about a dozen of eggs each day, observed that he always failed to get his supply on Sunday. On this day he and his family were in the habit of attending church, and the chickens'were entrusted to the care of a little darkey. Finally, ho took little knot-head to task. ' “ flow comes it,” ho Asked the sable poultry-keeper,that our chickens never lay. on Sunday.” “Why,” replied young hopeful, as his black.eyes twin kled, “ hens alloys tint Sunday holyday—doy , neber lays on Sunday!” Our friend said noth ing, but something appeared to whispor'in his ears that some of his colored neighbors were in the habit of eating eggs on Sunday. , In Town. —Our former fellow-citizen, Tnos. M. Biddle, of Philadelphia, paid our town a short visit the beginning of the week, and re ceived a warm welcome from his numerous friends. The News.— Very little nows of nn excit ing character is now stirring. True, there are many telegraphic dispatches, going the rounds, the majority of which, however, are wretched sensation canards, circulated to-day to b'e contradicted to-morrow., The peace con vention at Washington, and the Southern convention at Montgomery. Ala., are both in session, but little, if anything, has boon done in either of them. When nows of a reliable nature comes to hand we will lay it before our readers. Season of Lent.—The season of Lent com menced yesterday; Feb. 13, and will continue for forty days, the obligation of its observance resting upon all of the Roman Catholic faith who have reached the age of twenty-one years, unless specially dispensed. Archbishop Ken drick has issued the regulations to bo observ ed, which require that but one meal per day shall be taken, Sundays excepted, and that at or about noon. A collation will bo permit ted in the evening, to consist of bread, butter, cheese, fruit, salad, vegetables and fish. The exemptions from these regulations are those vmAor twenty-one years of ago, the sick, nur sing women, those who do hard labor, and those who through weakness cannot fast with out prejudice to their health. The occasion is one of mud, solemnity in the Catholic Church, Easter.— Hits annual festival occurs this • yea!- on the last or 31st day of March. Eas-1 tor was celebrated,by our pagan ancestors ini April, as a festival in boimr of ' Eitslcr, the\ Saxon goddess of love, or Venus of'the north. It.is now observed by the Christian church as a festival in commemoration of our Saviour’s resurrection, and answers to the Passover of the Hebrews. ®55“ Doubtful—Tho weather, Certain—That this weather can’t lasl much longer. TAB PEACE CONFERENCE, The, Peace Conference at Washington, on Wednesday, on the motion of 6x-Seeretary Guthrio, of Kentucky, appointed the follow ing Committee, consisting of one from each State represented, with instructions to report some plan likely to lead loan adjustment: Guthrie, Ey., Chairman; Fowler, New Hampshire; Hall, Vermont; Ames, Rhode Island; Baldwin, Connecticut; Vroora, New Jersey; White, Pennsylvania; Bates, Dela ware; Johnson. Maryland; Ssldon, Virginia; Ruffin, North Carolina; Ewing, Ohio; Smith, Indiana; Logan, Illinois; Harlan, lowa. Mr. Guthrie, in urging the appointment of the committee, made an able speech, in which ho showeef the great importance ol a speedy settlement of the political differences, now distracting the country. Sho had more at stake in this matter than any other section of the Union, and ho called upon the convention to come forward, and in a proper spirit, lay ing aside all prejudice and bias, adjust the differences which had well nigh destroyed, and if not speedily remedied, would entirely destroy, our glorious. Union. , Messrs. William C. Rives, of Virginia, Chase, of Ohio, Judge Ruffin, of North Caro lina,- B C. Smith, of Indiana, and Tuck, of Now Hampohire, also apobo in favor of an adjustment Reports from Washington yesterday say the Pennsylvania Commissioners have signi fied their willingness to accept the Crittenden proposition. Cumberland Valley Rail-Road. —ln the House of Representatives, a few days since, Mr. Marshall read in place “a further sup plement to the act incorporating the Cumber land Valley Rail-Road,” the first section of which rends as follows: See. 1. That from and after the passage of this act, it shall not be lawful for said compa ny to charge more than three cents per mile toll, and two cents per ton per mile for trans portation, and not exceeding two and a half cents per mile for each passenger. We hope this supplement may pass.' The Cumberland Valley Rail-Road, having no com petition, its charges for passengers and freight are exorbitant, and amount to an imposition, if not direct robbery. It receives for carry ing the mail, too, four times as much as it should receive, thus imposing upon the Gov ernment. The'dividends declared by this road for many years, in addition to the sinking fund that lias accumulated, is evidence that .its charges are entirely too high, and that it is making money too fast. The road is managed by a few men, who, by hook and by crook, and by special legislatiop, have managed to grab all its stock,.and are thus enriching themselves at the expense of the agricultural interest of our Valley, tho business men of our own town, and our people generally. We repeat, then, that this rOad should bo compelled to reduce its charges about one half. Justice and fair dealing.require this, and our, people are all in favor of it. We hope Mr. Marshall’s hill may pass both Ileuses and become a law.— More anon. , ’ Gen. Scott. —We notice that the fire-eat ing journals of the extreme South, continue to assail, with fiendish malignity, the.old vet eran Gen. Scott. . We see too, thatariumher of Northern papers, of both parties;,, are pub lishing long articles in. defence of tbe hero. All unnecessary —Gen. Scott requires no de fence; he is known to the people—they have heard of him before—have unlimited emhfi dence in his patriotism, sagacity and bravery. They know too, that lie la doing his duty now at Washington, and is- determined to put down 1 treason, oome from .what quarter it may. lie has said that Mi - . Lincoln shall be inaugurated without molestation, and every good citizen applauds his course. No, no, Messrs, fire-eaters, your attacks upon the scar ooverod veteran can avail nothing—they fall harmless at his feet, and are laughed at by tho people. Let old “Lundy’s Lane” alone— you gnaw a. file. $27 41, $2O 62 5,305 4,001 - $4,847 59 $11,253 98 $5OO 00 Repeal of the Tonnage Tax. —We notice that a bill has been introduced in the lower House of our State Legislature providing fur the repeal of the Tonnage Tax now paid to the State by. the Pennsylvania Rail Road. This (ax amounts to a quarter of a million per annum, and in ten years more would ap proximate a half million.' This sum will be lost to the State should the bill now reported become a law. The Republicans have the matter in their own hands, and wo will not be surprised if they repeal the tax. Nearly every member of that party pledged himself to oppose the repeal of this tax, but yet it is said the bill,now reported will certainly pass. We will see. Railroad Bridge Destroyed. —During the high wind which prevailed on the 7th inst., six spans of the Northern Central Railroad bridge oyer the Susquehanna at Dauphin,, were blown down. The bridge was an open one, and it seems almost a mystery how the wind could strike it with sufficient force to carry away the heavy timbers. The loss will be a serious one to the compauy, but it will not interfere with trade or travel, as the cars of the company can reach Dauphin by the Pennsylvania and Dauphin and Susquehanna tracks on the Harrisburg side of the river. Democratic Triumph.—A Vo have the pleas ure of recording a brilliant victory achieved by the Democrats in Lancaster on Tuesday of last week. Mayor Sanderson was re-elected Mayor of the city by a majority of upwards of seven hundred votes, and the entire Demo cratic city ticket is elected. It will bo remem bered that Mayor Sanderson was elected by a very meagre majority last year, and that Lin coln had a clear majority in the city last fail. The Opposition had this year nominated a full ticket, which they dubbed a union, headed by a Douglas Democrat named Wiley. A full vote was polled, and the Opposition did every thing in their power todefeat Mr. Sanderson. Truly may we chronicle this as one of the first fruits of •* the second sober thought” of the people of Pennsylvania. Rphahkabi-eCiianoe. —The weather, which waa cold and Mustering during the greater part of last week, suddenly changed, and the wo ast days, so far as temperature was con cerned, was not much unUko spring days. Tlao. Our State Legislature has ordered a national flag to be placed on the dome of the capital. The clerks have ordered it and it is to bo raised and unfurled on the 22d of Febru ary, the anniversary of Washington’s birth daw. Plundering the State. Two' grand schemes for plundering the State, on a largo scale, have been concocted ,by speculators and borars at Harrisburg, and are expected to be carried through successful- 1 ly, with the approbation of a Black Republi can Legislature and a Governor of the same style. One is, to authorize the Sunbury and Erie Railroad Company to barrow five millions of dollars on a mortgage which shall come in first and take precedence of the lien hold by the State, for the purchase money promised to bo paid for the State canals sold to that com pany. This, if it becomes a law, will result in what Avas contemplated by the original con trivers of the “ Sunbury and’Erie swindle" of ’58 ,—paying nothing for the canals, and using the proceeds arising from their re-sale for the benefit of stock and railroad speculators. The other is, to release, by law, and without consideration, tho'Pehnsylvaninßailroad Com pany, fromthe payment of what is known as the tonnage tax —a tax which amounts, year ly, to about two hundred and fifty thousand dollars—equivalent to the annual interest of five millions of the Slate debt. These, both, are matters which deeply, in terest the tax payers of all parts of Cumber land county and all other parts of the Com monwealth. Just look at them. When the onnals were sold to the Sunbury and Erie Cmnphny/it was told to the people for the purpose of reconciling them to the sale, that the purchase money ( three millions. Jive hundred ilmtsand dollars,) would relievo the tax payors, by operating as a reduction of to that amount. So, also; when the Main Line was sold to the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, at a price much below its cost, the people wore told that this tonnage tax would make up,for that, and greatly relieve the tax payers. Now, however, with a Black Republican Governor, and Black Republican Legislature, it *is proposed to plunder the State of both tbe purchase money for the canals and the ton uago tax —the two equivalent to eight and a half millions of dollars! Tax payors of Pennsylvania, what sty you ? The Committee of Working Sica. The Philadelphia Working Men’s Commit tee of thirty-three attracted much attention in Washington. The representatives of fifty, thousand of their class, and bearing a demand for a peaceful settlement of our national troub les, they were entitled to all the respect they received. ; Their mission was a, high and sa cred one, jmd they performed it like men who appreciated their duties. The politicians who get,their regular pay can afford to jest over bur troubles, but tho honest, hard work ing men, whose famlies have to be fed, and whose means of living are threatened, will not much longer tolerate tho heartless an sel fish miscreants who continue their ruinous policy. The working men of the North have just made a beginning. Much remains to.be done by them. Designs or the Ultra Republicans.— The New York Herald’s Washington correspon dent says it is well known that there are a large number of Republicans in both Ileuses whip are doing everything in their power to defeat a settlement of the questions at issue between the sections. They are fanning the secession flame by every means in their power; using every argumentto exasperate the South ern people, and drive the slave States out of the Union. It is tlio action of these men that has prevented and still prevents the more moderate and conservative Republicans from coming forward with the olive branch of pence. Those ultr'ii Republicans are anxious, nay striving, to bring about a dissolution of the Union, and it is these held, bad men who are exerting their baneful influence to prevent a settlement. Gen. Jackson on Coercion—Advice of a Patriot. —General Jackson, in his farewell address to the American people, fn March, 1837, thus alluded to coercion. lie said:. “ If such a struggle is over begun, and the citizens of one section are arrayed against another in doubtful conflict, let the battle re sult as it may, there will be an end to the Union, and with it an end to the hopes of freemen. The' victory of the victors would not secure to them the blessings of liberty. It would avenge their wrongs, but they would themselves share in the common ruin.” These words of the venerable patriot ought to bo inscribed in letters of gold and every where distributed. A civil war is the end of the Union. Let no Republican, after this, presume to quote Andrew Jackson, in favor of coercion. The Morrill Tariff Bill.— The special .committee of the Senate on Morrill’s Tariff bill, have reported it with numerous amend ments. Some vital changes have been made, which will not only delay the passage of the bill in the Senate, but will probably prevent its passage in the House. The rates in this bill bavo been reduced so as to conform more with the tariff of 1840, while a change has been made as to the time which goods may remain in the bonded warehouses. Secession op Texas. —The Texas conven tion passed a secession ordinance on the Ist inst., by a vote of ICG to 7. . The ordinance is to be submitted to the people on the 22d inst., and, if ratified, to take effect on the 22d of March. Gov. Houston is reported to have recognized the convention. lie thinks the people will decide to go with the South, if a confederacy is formed. Texas will resume that independence which she came into the Union to maintain. The Beoony Code.— The special advocates of a bloody code to subdue the South relish amazingly the idea of a slave insurrection and a general massacre of the whites at the South. History furnishes a lesson which they seem to have forgotten. England attempted, dur ing the Revolution, to do the same thing that abolitionists aro trying to do now. She tam pered with the slaves and with the Indians, yet the thirteen slave colonies, led by slave holding generals, wore not abandoned by "the God of battles” because of that fact.' 1 figyThe total number of hands employed in the English cotton factories in 1856 was 379,190; the estimated number of persons in directly dependent in cotton manufactures is. 1.000,000. England obtained from other sour- Ices than the United States 860,000 bales of lootton. IRT.THE 'MOPLB BISB! Wo havorcoqived a pamphlet (who sent it to ua wo k now not,) containing a review of our ■troubles, ns expressed by n ** Southern Union ist." It given tunny. of tliO 'causes'of our present domestic difficulties, and makes a strong appeal for the preservation of the Union. Wo copy the concluding portion of this pamphlet, as foljows >. • ' ' ' “We are.now in the midst of a fearful storm, which is shaking our Government to its foundations. Gar politicians have boon “weighed in the scale and .found wanting.” While the fair, beautiful form of our Union lies quivering in the agonies of approaching death, shall they fritter away the last, few, precious moments uf remaining-hope, in mere person al squabbles, or what is worse, in gambling for the spoils of thedying—oVcn ns the Jew ish soldiers cast lots for the garments of Christ! Unable, or.unwilling .to save the Ship of State, lot them make room for their masters, the sovereign people, who make and unmake politicians by a.breath; If our legis lators will insist upon gaggihg the popular voice by refusing to authorize the call of a Con stitutional convention—why, rather than per mit ourselves to drift into the horrible" mael strom of civil war, let the people of every State rise, with-proper dignity and cnlm de liberation-resume their original sovereignty —elect a national convention',' to consist of one member from-aach congressional district, and this convention to submit their plan of compromise to the popular vote. If the peo ple themselves cannot agree upon a settlement, then Ictus endeavor to affect a peaceable sep aration between; the North, pud South—based, essentially uppn the old common-law principle of joint stock partnership. Let all local fed eral property revert to the States, and that of a piore goneral'charaoter such as our Navy —be put up at auction to the highest? bidder, and the proceeds equally divided between the two confederacies. All public or other obligations might be equally apportioned. As the Dis trict of Columbia would revert to Maryland and Virginia, thefederal property of the capi tal might be appr&ised by ajoint commission —the South to jwy one linlf of the same for full title and possession. : Should all ourhtfforts for compromise or a peacpahle separation fail—if war mvsf. come, with all its attendant horrors, then let us enter into it as adostinywhich we could not control ; but for the honor , of oiir fathers, and of our own proud name among nations, God forbid that the American freemen should permit ho dragooned into any movement against their soverign will, or become mere political flunkies, to follow in the wake of mad fanaticism, mob.violence, or ambitious doma gogism I" A Direct Vote or the People.— lt is said that if the Convention now sitting at Wash ington, to jurangp some plan of adjustment between the borffer States, looking to the re union of all the States, do hot agree upon some:fcasiblo plan, that they, will propose to submit the propositions of the Conference .di rectly to a vote of the people. Wo believe that if the people had an opportunity to.set tle these troubled, they would do it speedily and satisfactorily. • The difficulty is to get the matter before them. The mere reconimonda- tibh of the Conference at W ashington would not be sufficient. The State Legislature would have to provide for holding such an election, give authority tothpelection officers, and make an appropriation to defray the expenses of the election.' Some pfthe Statp'Legiplaturo would probably hot do so. Would our own? We canpot pretend'to say what .it would do in auA event, bip^vp-believe that if it consulted would provide .iliej. moans for .a popular ex pression of ppintuit’upon the issues now in-, volved in the present crisis. There is riot the’ least doubt in our mind what the result would bo. The ballot-box would decide that the people of this pountry are in favor of the Union, and of such guarantees os will secure ponce in the Union, and consequently the con tinued prosperity of the country. But how ever they might decide, the question proper ly belongs to them, and not to the representa tions of partics'or of sections. Practically the people seem to be of no account with the politicians. Tliey are' set entirely aside in the South by the leaders who have initiated secession ; and in the North the dominant party, seems to take the last election as con clusive of public opinion upon ■ national iss ues. But if the Government is going to pieces through the bad management of par tisan politicians, whom the people have trust ed with power, the least' the politicians can do is to ’ give thg people an opportunity to save it. So says the Public Ledger. B®* When this country, was at war with Mexico, the same Republicans who are now so ferocious for a fight with the South, ap proved of Corwin’s plan of the Mexicans wel coming the American soldiers with “bloody hands to hospitable graves,” and voting to stop the supplies; That was the kind of patriots ism they exhibited in those days; but now, when it coinea to shooting down their own brothers, they are eager for the fray. The Amount of Tobacco on the Globe.— The present annual production of tobacco, has been estimated, by an English writer at 4,000,000,000 pounds! This is smoked chewed and snuffed. Suppose it be made into cigars, 100 to the pound, it would produce 4,00000,- 000. Four hundred billion cigars. Allowing this tobacco, unmanufactured, to cost on the average .10 cents a pound, and we have §400,- 000,(500 expended every year in producing a noxious, deleterious weed. At least one and a half times ns much, more is required to manufacture it into-a. marketable form and to dispose of it to the customer. B@*Tho Sunbury American says, that should the proposition of Senator Bigler, to take a vote of the people on Mr. Crittenden’s proposed amendments to the Constitution, he adopted, there can he no doubt that they would bo sustained by Pennsylvania, by a majority of not less that TWO HONORED THOUSAND. In this Congressional district, nine tenths of tho votes would be in their fa vor. Tho first piece of Continental money coined by the United States of America bad ns a motto, “ Mind your own Business." Had the North lived up to this motto, says tho Now Orleans Commercial Bulletin, wo should now be a happy, prosperous and united poo pie. BO?* The Now York Tribune reads Senator Cameron, of this State, out of tho Republican party, because he has expressed himself in favor of Senator Bigler’s proposition to sub mit the Crittenden Amendment to the direct vote of the people of the States. The Tribune wants to break np the Union, and is opposed to any compromise. Meeting of the Standing Committee. In compliance with the published call, the Democratic Standing Committee of Cumber land county assembled at Marlin's hotel, on Monday last, February ll—‘fourteen members being present. •, After being called to order by the chairman, J. B. Bratton offered the following resolution: JRssolved, That tho Dulcgatcs’to tho last Domo oratio County Convention bo requested to rc-asscra blo at tbo Conrt-bouso, In Carlisle, on Monday, tho 18th inst., at 11 o’clock, A* M., for Iho purpose of selecting Delegates to represent Cumberland county in the Democratic State Convention, to Moot at Har risburg, ou tbo 21st day of frbbrpary, 1861. After n short discussion, a vote was taken on the resolution, and it irns defeated—‘yeas 7, nay's 7. s ■ A motion was then made and adopted (yens. 10, nays 4,) that the Committee select ,tho Delegates to represent this county in the Harrisburg Convention; The following nam ed gentlemen were then selected by a unani mous volel . ; Senatorial tietetfaUi—'W illiak Esq. Representative Delegates — William 11, Mil i.kr. Esq., George 11. Bucher, and James K, Kelso. Resolved, That the above proceedings bo published. A. DEIIUFF, Chairman. J. B. Brattoh, Secretary* Air. Editor,-*-' The following extract, taken from a respectable work on the subject of Sin* very, is here addressed to abolition preachers and their pious converts! “ It is regarded with admiration, that is to say, with, wonder, the sublime morality of those who cannot bear the abstract contem plation of slavery, nt the distance of five hun dred or a thousand miles .off. It is entirely above, or that is to say, it affects a Vast supe riority , over the morality of the primitive Christians, the Apostles of Christ, and Christ himself, Christ and his Apostles appeared in a .province of the Roman empire, when that empire was called tho Roman world, and that world was filled with slaves. Forty millions was the estimated, number, being pne-foorth of the whole population. Single individuals held twenty thousand slaves. A iVeed man, ono who himself had been a slave, died the possessor of four thousand—,suoh were tho numbers. The rights of tho owners over this multitude of human beings was that of life and death; without protection from law, or mitiga tion from public sentiment. The scourge, the cross, the fish-pond, the den of the wild beast, and the arena of the gladiator, was tho lot of the slave, upon the slightest expression of tho master’s will. A law of incredible atrocity made all slaves responsible with their own lives for the life of their master; it was the law that condemned the whole household of slaves to death, in case of the assassination of the master—a law under which as many as four hundred have been executed at a time,— And these slaves were the white people of' Europe and of Asia Minor, tho Greeks and other nations, from whom the present inhabi tants of the world derive the most valuable productions of. tho human mind. Christ saw all this—the number of the slaves—their hap less condition—and their white color, which wits the same with his own ; yet ho said noth ing against slavery; ho preached no doctrines which led to insurrection and massacre; none which, in their application to tho state of things, in our country, af tho present time, would authorise an inferior race of blacks to exterminate that superior race of whites, in whose ranks he himself appeared upon-earth. lie preached no such doctrines, but those of a contrary tenor, which inculcated the duty of fidelity and obedience on the part of the slave —humanity ami kindness] on the part of the, master. His Apostles uU the same. St. Paul sent badk a runaway slave, Onesiinus, to his owner, wish a. letter of apology and sup plication. Hb was not the 'man to harbor a runaway, much loss to entice him from his master; and. least of all, to excite an insur rection,” Will abolition preachers', and their pious followers, go and do likewise ? ' , NEWVILLE, Elnqnrnl Rfiniirlts. The following eloquent remarks of Mr. Pendleton, of Ohio, who presented a petition from ten thousand citizens of Ohio, praying Congress to pass the Crittenden Compromise, presents a striking contrast to those of his colleague, Mr. Sherman,, who refuses to " set- tle,’’ and in his late’speech in Congress says, “if wo cannot settle, let its fight.” Mr. Sherman would do well to take the, advice of his colleague, who exhibits the sentimentsof a true patriot and Union-loving naan: “If an army could maintain the Union, half a million of men would spring up in a night. If money could kecp.it together, the soil would leap with .joy to produce its golden harvest. ■ If blood, old and young men would yield it like streams which water their soil. But an army of blood and men will not pre serve the Union. Justice, reason and peace may. What force can compel a State to .do what is required to bo done by legislation ? The whole scheme of coercion is impractica ble, and contrary to the genius and spirit of the Constitution. The Southern States are prepared to resist, and when armed men come together there is war. The enforcement of the laws; against the seceding States is co ercion, mid coercion is war. If the South say they have grievances, redress them, and calm their agitation and irritation. Remem ber, these men who thus come to us, are bone of your bone. They are your brethren and follow citizens. You may grant what they desire without losing your character and self respect. He begged them in God’s name to do It. Give peace instead of discord ; main tain the government and preserve this great confederated enlpiro. His voice to-day was for conciliation and compromise, and in this he echoed the voice of those whom he repre sents. If you will not grant this, in God’s name, let the affected States depart in peace.” New York U. S. Senator. —The defeat of Greely, editor of tho Tribune, for U. S. Sen ator by his party in the Legislature of Now York, is on encouraging sign from that be nighted locality. The contest was between tho ultra Republicans on one side, with Gree ly as their candidate, and the conservatives of the same party, headed by Weed. The candidate elected is represented as a middle man—something not good but not much of any think. He is thus described: Judge Harris the successful candidate, is a conservative Republican—a cross between Grooly and Weed; is not very friendly to tho latter, and only goes with Greely so far as Brother G. is necessary to his success; is a Baptist of the dampest and m° Bt P'ous de scription, but is not averse to political spoils where tho figures are portly. Ho a stal wart, fine-looking man, of good_ abilities, and will represent his party creditably in tho Senate. Bloody Encounter in Albany, 6a. —On Saturday, tho 28th ult., a shooting affray oc curred at Byingtons Hotel, Albany, Ga., be tween Thorngs Johnson and Captain Wimber ley, which, after, a couple of exchanges of shots resulted in the death of Mr. Johnson and the wounding of Captain Wimberley. Johnson, on being shot, acknowledged that he was, altogether in fault, and ebook hands with hip antagonist. The Alabama Commissioner —The Peace Con f/rM9:(/ornpromise. IfosHiNOTON,. PpsflO[.—Col. Judgehas had an interview with'thpProsidont,; who received him as ft distinguished citizen of Alabama}' but not, of course, recognizing him in. an! ofTi oial capacity, nor would the President agree to enter into any discussion whatever relative to the object of his mission, namely, to nego tiate for the transfer of the arsenals and'other public property belonging to theUnitoclStntes, within the limits of Alabama, The Committee appointed by the Pence Congress will probably make their report on, Tuesday. Various plans are before them. From what has privately transpired, the Bor der States’ resolutions moot with much favor, and it is the general impression that Congress will adopt some such measure of compromise, including the division of the Territories by the line of 30° 30'; north-of it slavery to be prohiliitod, and srinth of tho lino neither Con-- gressional nor Territorial interference with the subject, which is to be left foV the 'deter mination of the people when they form their StategoVernments, The acquisition of future territory is not be so easily consummated ns heretofore. ' . Some of the members of the Montgomery Convention have just advised their secession friends that Commissioners or Ministers have been apjiointed to represent the interests of tho Southern Confederacy in Europe. , Nearly alPof the late five million loan has been paid into the. Treasury, and Very much of it already disbursed. The trial of Bussell has been postponed till the March, ternil although his Counsel Were ready and anxious to proceed with it at once, Mr. Morris, of Illinois, the Chairman of the Committee of the llousO on the abstraction of tho Indian trust bonds, declined to testify in court, as the report on the subject Will be made in the course of a few days, For ike Volunteer* [Front the Lancaster JSxpre** of I'ebftUlri/ B.] Arrest of an Alleged Wife Murderer la Lon- Sheriff Benjamin F. Miller, of Ferry coun ty, yesterday nrresfed a man named. William Weaver, residing near Christiana, on a charge of murder, the particulars of which are sub stantially these: Weaver resided in Bloom field, .Ferry county, in December last, With a wife and five children, the eldest ft daughter, now seventeen years of ago, and the youngest an infant at .the breast. On the 24lh'of De cember his wife died suddenly, her existence being terminated with convulsions.; She was buried the next day, and on ..the 28th, three days after the funeral,; Weaver removed from the place. A girl, whose name our informant has forgotten, disappeared about the same time, and suspicion of some fouj play was first excited by tho recollection of a remark made by this girl, two days before Mrs. Wea ver’s death, to the effect that she was “ very low,” although when the remark was made she was enjoying perfect health ; but facts have since becn ; developing pointing to the conclusion that the woman died of poison, purchased and administered by her husband, and Sheriff Miller at once set about the work of tracing the guilty party, which he has managed with commendable discretion and energy. _ .. . . Supposing that the girl’s sister was corres ponding with her her movements were observed and she was seen to receive a letter, post marked “ Black Horse,”: Chester county. Being questioned irt regard to this, she said it was from her sister, who was married to Wea ver, who, she wrote, treated her well, &o, • Armed with a warrant for his arrest, Sheriff Miller, in company with his brother, Samuel G. Miller, of Marietta, reached this, city on Tuesday evening, and stopped over night at the Corn Exchange Hotel, Yesterday , they proceeded to Christiana, and from thence to d vendue, .where tho sheriff ieiirnd Weaver was. As slion ns he saw the sheriff, Weaver express ed surprise’.nt sceingliim iff that section, and asked what brought him down there. The sheriff replied, that he had gut himself in n scrape by running off with tho gild. Weav er replied that she followed him, and he mar ried her. To make a long story short, Sheriff Miller told him he had a warrant for his ar rest on a charge of murdering his wife, at which the accused showed great trepidation. The arrest was, however, made so quietly, that ub one at tho vendue know the cause of Weaver’s leaving in company with the stran gers. He was brought to this city in the eve ning train, lodged in prison for a few hours, and taken up in tho night line, without at tracting the notice of any one. ' " . On Tuesday the remains of Mrs. Weaver Wore exhumed,'lin'd the stomach sent to Phil adelphia to he analyzed, We understand that it will he shown that Weaver purchased poison a short time previous to his wife's death, for the ostensible purpose of poisoning rats, but that it was Hot used for that object. It also appears that the eldest daughter had expressed to a friend her suspicions that her mother had been foully dealt with. Weaver, a machinist by occupation, was originally from Maryland,' and. settled in Chester county, near the Gap, where one Thomas or Thompson married his sister. It is alleged that he was connected in some way with the famous gang'of Gap outlaws. Wea ver hiinsclf had been married to the deceased about nintoon years ago, and resided most of that time in Perry county. , , We take pleasure in closing a detail of the facts of .what appears to bo a revolting crime, in bearing testimony to the manner in which Sheriff Miller managed-this case, from his first efforts to trace out tho facts to his sue-, ■oessful and quiet arrest of tho accused. He did not oven apply a hand-cuff to his prison er until last night, when taking him, from the prison to the train ; and he lias no doubt before this landed him safely in tho Perry county prison. A Kothwesi Gale-—Snow at Albany-—Great Damage at Bllimore— Telegraph Lines Pros trated. Orio of the most furious gales that hove vis ited this region for many months past com menced in this city last evening. Simultan eously with .the commencement of the gale, the mercury suddenly fell, several degrees, and the weather continued tb"gfow colder as the gale increased. AVe have heard of no serious damage being done in the city, hut it is scarcely possible that the shipping in the harbor and on the coast should have os-: caped uninjured. Rochester, Thursday, Fob. 7.—lt com menced snowing here yesterday afternoon, and continued through the night and all day with a high wind. The trains on the Cem tral road are all behind time. Thermometer at zero. Oswego, Thursday, Feb. 7.—A terrific gale from the northeast, accompanied by a drift ing snow storm and intense cold, prevails all along Lake Ontario and the-St. Lawrence., The thermometer is lower than before this winter—4 degrees below zero. At Watortown it is 10 below, and at Ogdonsburg 16. Albany, Thursday, Fob. 7.—10 P. M.—• A blinding snow storm prevails hero, and the wind is blowing a hurricane. Buffalo, Thursday, Fob. 7.—A severe snow storm, accompanied with a gale of wind from the northeast, has prevailed here all day. The thermometer was below zero at six o’clock to-night, Baltiuoee, Thursday,. Feb. 7.—A terrific northwest gale has prevailed here since one o’clock,, doing considerable damage. Some thirty houses nave been unroofed, yrdlls and chimneys demolished and treos uprooted. The tide lowered, three feet in the harbor under the influence 'of the wind. The tele graph lines in this neighborhood are consider ably; damaged From Wnibfogton. caster. FURIOUS WIND STORM. New York, Feburary.B, JB6l The- Siwders’ Congrejj, : ■ A Provisional Government Establish,* r, Jeff. Davis Elected aMer H. Sights, Vice President. ‘ MontaoniitV, Feb. Congm*. ceding States hasjboen in session four a O4 sgtSStSSSSt- **■ Accept gentlemen of the Convention sincere thanks for the honor which you’), * conferred on me; , I shall endeavor faithful and impartial discharge of the duti ! of the chair, to merit, in some degree at Wi the cunfideco which you have reposed in-m ■ The occasion which assembles us toeotho'' is one of no- ordinary character. Wo moot f the representatives of sovereigtiilindcnondcM States, who, by their solemn, judgment dissolved alLthe polUical .associations, whirfl connected them with' ihfe government of .Unifed-StatCs, ;• Of the .causes which linVc led to this decision it is unnecessary how to sneak It is- enough to - announce that’ by the '■ ment of; our oonstituontsj they 1-aye been ami pie and sufficient. It is now a fixed, irrero! cable fact—the separation is perfect, com plete and perpetual. [Applause,] . ’ . The great duty is now imposed upon 111 to provide for these States a Govetrinient for their__future security and protection. )Y a can nhd should extend'to our eister States— hur ■ late sister States—Who ore ’identified with us iti interest, feeling, and institutions a cordial invitation to unito.with na in a com mon destiny, desirous at the same time,of main tainingwith the rest of our lute confederates os with the World, the most peaceful rmi' friendly relations, bath political and commer cial. Our responsibilities, gentlemen,'are great, and I doubt not we shall , prove equal to the occasion. Bet us assume all 'the re-' sponsibility which may ho necessary for the successful completion of the great work com mitted to our trust, placing before uwr coun trymen and the world our acts add their re sults, as the justification of the.course which wo may pdrslie and adopt; ' With a conscious ness of tho justice of our cause , and with a confidence in the guidance and blessings of a kind Providence, we will, this day; inaugu rate for the South a new era of peace, securi ty, and prosperity. [Applause.] . . The convention was then duly! organized,' The .Congress last, night, id secret.session, unanimously agreed on- the Constitution and the creation of a Provisional Government, A strong and vigorous UgoVfermdent if/fl g O . into immediate operation, With fill! powers and ample funds. No. proposition for com promise or reconstruction will ho entertain ed. The Congress will remain in session to make all the necessary laws. To-day a committee was ‘ appointed to to* port on the flag, seal,of arms, and motto for the Confederacy. ’ The President Wna directed to appoint a committee on Foreign affairs, on Finance,on Military and Naval Affairs, on Postal Afl’aers, on Commerce and on Patents.! The Convention then proceeded to the elec tion of the Executive officers of the new Got ernmeat, with the following result: ; For President of “ the Confederated State) of North America,” Hon. Jefferson Davis re ceived the unanimous vote of the Convention, For Vice President, lion. Alexander 11, Stephens was elected. A resolution was adopted appointing a com mittee of three of the Alabama deputies to inquire and. report bn What terms suitable, buildings in Montgomery can he secured for the use of the several executive departments of the Confederacy under the Provisional Government. An ordinaoo was passed continuing in force, until repealed or altered by Congress, all laws of the United States now in force or use, till, the first of November, subject to- the‘Consti tution of the Provisionnl Government. Itiaun derstood that under this law a .tariff is to bo laid bn nil goods Brought frbpi the - United,, A resolution was' adopted;-instructing Committee on Finance to report promptly v tariff for raising revenue to support the Gov ernment. A resolution was adopted authorizing tho appointment of a committee to report a con stitution for the permanent government of the Confederacy. .The Congress was about two hours in se cret session, and the rest of day in open ses sion. The Constitution of. the Provisional Gov ernment has been; printed, and is now made public. The preamble says: “We, tho deputies of of tho Sovereign and- Independent States of South Carolina', Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and'Louisiana, invoking the fa vor of Almighty God, do hereby; in behalf of these States, ordain and establish: this Consti tution for tho Provisional Government of the same, to continue for one year from the inau-. guration of the President, or until a perma nent Constitution or Confederation between , said States shall be put in operation—wliicli soever shall first occur,” The seventh section of the first article reads i " The importation of African negroes from any foreign country, other than the.slave holding States, is hereby forbidden, and Con gress is required to pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the same," The second section reads: " The Congress shall, also, have power to prohibit the intro duction of slaves from any. State not a memb er of this Confederacy. ~ - , Article'fourth, third, clause of the second section, reads; “ A slave.ln one State escap ing to another shall be: delivered up on tns claim of the party to whom the said slave may belong, by. the Executive authority of the State in which such slave may bdfound; and in case of any abduction or forcible rescue full compensation, including the value of the slave, and all costs And oxpcrtses, shall he made to the party by the State in which such abduction or rescue shall take place.” Article sixth, second clause, reads" The Government hereby instituted shall take im mediate steps for the settlement of nil matter* between the States forming it and their other lata confederates of the United States, in re lation to the public property and the public debt at the time of their withdrawal from them ; these States hereby declaring it to V their wish and earnest desire to adjust ever/, thing to the common property, the common liability and the common-obligatibns of than Union upon the. principles .of right, justice, equality and good faith." . . _ The other portions of this Provisional con stitution are almost identical with the Cono tution of the United States. , ~. Mr. Stephens made on eloqilent speecn m, return for a serenade. a made by Messrs. Chesnut andKiett, of sou Carolina, Conrad, of Louisiana, nnd other*. . A salute of a hundred guns was fired Capitol Hill this morning. Ex-Governor Eobort P. Letcher,. # Kentiioky, died at his residence, in Frankfort, on the 24th ult., He was elected to Congro* s from Kentucky in 1823, and served during successive terms till 1838. In 1843 elected Governor of hie State, and in 184 wfl appointed Minister to Mexico, by Fillmore. In politics Gov. Letcher was a 6 y Whig. ' . The Clouds Breaking. —The Cincinnati Gazette, hitherto one of the most un ‘ : °^ n , mising and energetic advocates of Eepu ism as embodied in the Chicago plat orßl ’ , latterly evinced through its columns an rently earnest desire for conciliation ap restoration of . amicable relations BCJt two sections; For that purpose >exp r willingness to accept the Bordeij a .° lotions as a hasisjif compromise. Lfrrmr.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers