toe I* fast* oftl* y»n, UrtiV. c*V: Hi ontti cnoul ko.f io tn| i ink’' . {; gH Jit. JVoltK tondorthings, ® lirt.'C '■ {,< widliving joys, ■' ~17 ■ •? pro-' p •;» is a: m -ifa-a. concise, logi 11ll ll the' i%Xz<v&^'&Wtf&MisSi^w ••■ j ■■ 'i."' - ■ • -i'-- k 4J?^v and W»*.* ft u >etus the most.iniqui -1 inquisition's over au ;tegisliiture: ’' 1 dartres : ■'"" ;’ Souse of Beprosenta ilast, I, solemnly pro h of a committee,- at aced'roy accuser, for ing whether the Pre patronage, or other i influence the action iittee thereof; for or ly law appertaining )..or Territory,” I mse it was destitute se it referred to ho. ip President to pro to it deprived him vhtcb, mi common 'nited States, ho nd because itap isndoncoas a, oo iment.'. ■ dice as well as a part of the Con sly manifested in te House of Rep )le power of im sole power to try impeachable of ,or . pther high The practice of hues had been ip ity, the.rights of ’ of justice, At, iioial invoatiga .joaohmopt.spe- rorred; thp.aoous is^xam,mine the in fpll.possession .offense w.hioh, he indole vftted fjtiui* .with this invest!-' eriigapirodwith wi, justice, would issed an, opinion loproaontooco lor tq transform V to confer Upon" immittoo, io, in vague .pnd . false, apdptrp-, entertain a mo ult. They wore instilled into mp N VOLUNTEER. 3ry . iminsDAr mohnino by D. BRATTON. BUMS liar and Fifty Conte, paid i if paid within the year; ty Cents, if'not paid within ill ,bo rigidly adhored to in wiption discontinued until ilefls at, the option of tho jompanlod by the cash, and ro, ttUI bo inserted /throe twority-flvo cents for each iso of a greater length in i Hand-bills, Posting-bills, (s,; &0.,&0., executed, with ist notice. ml BERED. io spirit land, irtal, children dwell, / Mid, loved well—• my early days tiful, and dear j not onr ways— nld hoop hot bote, shadow crept/ ; . id their loving,light ter close .arid wept, s and. bitter night, .were, piled aloft, t : winds did rave, , 11 fast and soft, now-mado grpvo. •years are past, ■ V colder grown, riny heart at last, is Annib's own; ' through Antnmnskies, 10 mysty air, . Y hearts arise' distrust and caro.- - : if tho night ‘ js may com© to tne r rfrom them a light,, . iloho can see. . | load oan rahhh 1 ; : ■ tond jw*d .i ; . ‘ aweet sake, j .have grown so dear. I fLOWEBS. ; fIEKi AJIIX. . . r)M boe sups, ichbostouls ~ iicrstore— ;■ lid cornea for ismeolsj Juod flowers, M ardcn bowers> : for.wiefttUe , 4 r J worn yields V, : > X 11 ' graded breathes. 7 • sd.simpiplioartg,./ lighty, piirte r: Vifido stiige, . 'true and warm, >. ipy'perform; , s *‘ assuage. * jummor nir,.; tpd everywhere, enpwD,, • ; . • llibir birth, nativQeatth , jkly down;' ! jvelior eeoi}, nuinon greon,' , 3tod ligbt> . round--*, is frequent found dnight. from my youth, and every practise ofmyUfo ; and 1 did;not believe that, the mop existed ■who would so basely perjure himself as to swear to the truth of-any, such .accusa tions. ‘ In' this conviction liain informed I have'not been mistaken;^' ■ j n my former protest, therefore, I truly and emphattcally declared that it was made for.no reason personal to myself ; but because the prdeeedmgs of the Hbiise were in violation of the rights'of the coordinate executive branch of the Government, subversive of its constitu tional independence, and, if unresisted, would, establish a precedent dangerous and-embar rassing to all my successors. Notwithstond ing all this, if the committee had not transcen ded the authority conferred ,upon it by the re- ; solution of the House of Representatives, broad, and general as this; was, I should have re mained silent upon the subject. "What I now charge is, that they have acted'as though they -: possessed unlimited power, and, without any warrant whatever in the resolution under which.they, were, appointed,‘have pursued a course not merely at war with the constitu tional rights of the Executive, But tending'to degrade the,presidential.office itself to such a degree as to render it unworthy of the nceep-; tance of any man of honor or principle. _ The resolution of the House, so far as it is accusatory of the President, is confined to ; ah; inquiry whether ho had used corrupt or . im proper means to .influence thp action of Con gress, of any of its committees, on.legislative, measures pending before them—nothing more, nothing less. 1 1 nave notlearned through the’ newspapers, or in any other mode, that the. committee, hnye touched the other accusatory: branch of the resolution, charging the Presi dent with o violotioh of duty in faliling to' ex ecute some law or laws. ' This branch of the resolution is, therefore, out of the question.— By what authority, then, have the committee undertaken to investigate the cour.se of the President in regard to the convention which framed the lecOmpton constitution ? By what authority have they undertaken to pry into our foreign relations for the purpose of assail ing him on account bf.the instniotioUs; given by the Secretary of State to our minister in Mexico relative to the Tehuantepec route ?— r By, what authority have they inquired into the, causes of removal from, office, . and ; this. from the'parties themselves removed. with a view, to prejudice his character, notwithstand ingthis power of removalbelongs exclusively to the President under the. Constitution,'was sb decided -by ,’tlip ; first Congress in. the year 1789, and has.accdfdingly jever since been ex ercised ? There is In the resolution ho pre itoxt of authority for thedejinmittee io'invosti. gate the question of the printing of the Post' (Mice blanks; nor is it to be supposed that the House, if askeii, would have granted such an authority,'because this question liad been pre viously committed to two othor committees, one in the Senate and the othbr’in : the House.— : Notwithstanding "this, absolute want of. ppw-- or, th.e-committee. rnshod;into this- investiga tion "in .advance Of-all other subjects. . The'committee: proceeded for months,.fyom 22d March; 18(50; .totoxaihiho ex parted uixd withDutanynotaceto.hiysolfihtoVverysubK ■ jept which.could possibly affect my character. : Interested and-yindictiv,e,.W;ftnessea werb ; sum moned and examined before them; and the first' and' only information' of their; testimony whioh,. in almost every instance, I received,' was obtained from the publication of such' por tions cf it its could injuriously affect my so.lf in the. New York journals. It, matterednot 'that those statements wefe.'so far as I haye'learm od, disproved By the most respectable witnass.- es wiio happoned'to bo on the tob; egraph was silent respecting,these contradic* turns. It was a speref committee in regard- to thitf testimony in my defense; built was 'pub-, lie in regard to: all the testimony which could, by possibility, reflect on. tfty character. The poison was left to produce its effect upon the 'public mind, whilst the antidote was carefully withhold; ' , In'their iaxaijjinatioliis, the committee viola ted the most,saored and honorable confidences existing among men, Private correspondence, which a truly honorable man would. never oven entertain a distant thought of divulging, was dragged to light. Different persons'in' official a'nd confidential relations with niyself, and with whom it was supposed ! might havp held fconyersatipns the,,revelation: of, which would do me injury,, were examined. Even members of the' Senate and members'of my own Cabinet, both my constitutional advisers, were called upon to testify, for the 1 purpose, of discovering something, if possible, to.my dis credit. : ’ • " , • The distribution of the patronage of th'e Go vernment is by far the inost disagreeable du ty pf the President. Applicants.are.so num erous,and thoir,applications are pressed with such eagerness‘by their friends, bbtmin and out of Congress,- that the'selection of one for any desirable office gives offense to many.— Disappointed applicants, removed officers, and those who for any cause,'ifoal^ot,.imaginary, had become hostile to the Administration, presented themselves, or word invited by a summons to appear before the committee.— These are the- most dangerous witnesses,— Even with, the best intentions, they are so .in fluenced by prejudice and disappointment that they alihoat inevitably discolor truth. They swear, to thenvown version of private conver sations with the i President without the possi bility of obntrmiiotiou. , His lips are ,sealed, and lid is left at their mercy. lie cannot, ns a coordinate’ branch of tho Government.ap pear before a committee -of investigation to contradict,the oaths ofsuclv Eve-; ry coward knows that ho cari. dinploy insult ing language ’against the president with im punity,-'add eVory false or’prejudiced witness Can attempt'to swear; away his bhafaoter; be fore snob a committee without tho fcftr : of com tradiction. . -N „.i-. 1, Thqs, for moijthS, whilst doing my best at one end_ of tho avenue to perform my nigh arid' responsible-duties to the' ooubtry, there, has boon a committco of the Houso of Itoprosonto tives in session at:theother.bndof tho avenue spreading a drag-net, without the’'shadow, of authority from the,House, oyer, the whole Un-t ion, to catch any disappointed man willing to malign my character; -and all this, is secret conclave.: .The lion’s;p)Q.ltlpat Ypnioe.iinto which , secret dbnunolaitions were dropped, is. an apt illustration of the Covode; committee, The'Star, Chamber, tyrannical and odions ns it was, never proceeded in such a manner.—. Per.centuries there has been nothing like it in' any civilized country, except thcrcvolutionary tribunal of France in the, days of Robespierre, ! ;3Sbw, !, undortftlm, to state and:, to. prove,, that, should tho proceedings of the committee be sanctioned: by the House; ond become a precedent fogfutnr.ortimos, thdbalanoo of tho Constitution will bo entirely upset, and there will no longer remain the threa.ooordinato'and independent;branches ,of s the. Government — legislative, executive,apdjudiciAl,'.. The worst W® °i the. pptrwto; and statesmen fram ®<* '“d.^biwtituiaon,-^lp, regard to-tho usnrpo-; ttons of the legislative oif the executive and. judicial- branches will .then be foajigod,ln the langnago'of M[r, JMadisbm speaking onthis very subject, in tho forty-eighth number of the Federalistt "In a,representative Republic, i.' ,'rt. ' where‘ the 'executive;magistracy is Carefully' limitedboth in the extent and duration of Its ■ power.; and where the legislative.power ;isj£ erolsed by an asseinbly whieh is inspired by a sbppbsfed influence over the people, - With dh in trepid confidence In’ its own stfength r which' is sufficiently .numerous. to feel all the passions which actuate, a multitude,, yet not so pumei> : oiis as to be incapable of pursuing the objects, of its passions by means which'reason .pre scribes ; it is Against the entorprisingambition of. this Department,that the-people ought ;tp; indulge all their jealousy, and exhaust all their precautions.’’,. And in the”".expressive,,and; pointed language of Mr. Jefferson, when spea king of the tendency of the legislative branch 'of Government to usurp the rights of.the.wea-; ker branches : ‘‘ The concentrating these in the same hands is precisely the definition of despotic, government. It will-he, no allevi ation that these powers will he exercised by a plurality of hands, and not by a single one.—: One hundred and seventy-three despots would surely be as oppressive as one. : let those who 1 doubt it turn their eyes on the Republic of Venice.'' As little will it avail us that they are chosen by ourselves. An elective i despotism, was not the; Government wo fought for ; but one which should not only he founded ph free principles,but in which the pbworsof govern ment should be so divided And balanced among several bodies of , magistracy, as that no; one could transcend their legal limits without be ing effectually checked pud controlled by the others,” t >’•■;;j : ■ r . Should the prope'edings, of the .Oovdde oom : mittoe become a precedent, both the letter and. : spirit of the Constitution ■ will be "Violated,- : One.of the.three missive, columns, on which • the whole superstructure rests wtH.be broken i down, Instead, of the executive being a ooor-, ■ dinate. it will, become a subordinate branch of i the Government, The presidential office will i be dragged into the dust. The House of Eep . resentatives will then have' rendered the Ex : eontife almost necessarily subservient;to its i wishes,instoad.of being independent. How is • it possible that two powers in.the.State can be [ coordinate and independent of each, other, if i the one claims and exercises the power to re - prove and to censure all the official acts and i allHio private con versations of the othCr-i-and i. this upon ex.parte, testimony before 1 a secret , inquisitorial committee; in short, to assume ft • general censorship'over the other? The idea' ■ ;is as absurd in .public ,;as it would' be in ppb i- 'vate life. - Should; the President attempt'-to assert •ahd. maintain; his own^indepepdpeob)' future Covode: committees, may dragopn, him into submission by; collecting’Urn bo. s is df-djs-'' appointed office-hunters, femoved-gflibers,*and’ ' those who desire to live upon tbp public Trea sury, which must follow in the wake of every Administration,, .and they In rgedfet conclave ; will swear aw'ay his reputation', . ... Under’such circumstances’ he ’tiiUst'be a very bold man should he nofesurr'ender ntdis • cretion, and consent to, exercise bis authority ■ . according. to, the. wijl .Of those* invested; with, this • The sdveteigri people of. the several States, bate teleoted; him I 'td'’the‘ t He is theifi only, direct repfesehtat.ivo ( ih . the, Government, . By their pdnptit'ntidu,they,ha,yp • mode him .cpriimaridef-indibief of 'their Army and ’He reprospntslthem' ih thbir’iri- 1 tercoiirse with foreigrimationd. •/ CJOthed with' ; their, dignity/and outHqriiyi/.tie; ocoupies'a 1 : proud position before, all nations, civilized oud savage. "\Vith the' consent of the 'Senate, he appoints all the important officers of the Gov ernment.; He exercises the ' veto power, rand" • to that extent controls ,the legislation of. Con ■;' gress. ~ For the performance of these high du ties he is'responsible to tho people of the sov> eraf States, and not inany degree to the House , of’Representatives. . ; Shall ho surrender these;high-powers con-, ferred upon him as the Representative of. the' American people, for their benefit,, to the House, to be exercised under their overshad owing influence and control ? Shall he'alone 1 of al\ the.citizens of the United States be do ( nied a fair trial ? Shall he alone not bo “ in formed ofthenature and cause bf.the accusa tion" ogairist him ? Shall he alone not “be confronted with the witnesses” against him ? 1 Shall the House of Representatives, usurping, the- powers of the Senate, proceed to try the. President, through the agency of a secret com mittee of the body where it is impossible ho oan wahe uey defense, and then, without af fording him an opportunity, of being hoard, pronounce a judgment of oonsure against him ? 1 The very same rule might bo applied, for the very same reason, to ovoryjudga of every court of the United States. , From what part of the Constitution is this terrible secret inquisitor!-, al power derived? Ho such express, power exists. From which of the enumerated pow ers,can'ltbe.infcrred?'/It is true, tho House him of removal from they can, by’tlibir judgment of censure, asperse his rep utation,’ and thus;'to the extent of their influ ence, render thcioffioe .contemptible. An ex ample is at hand of. the reckless manner in which this power of oan’usfe can be employed in high party times, -The House, on a recent occasion, have attempted to degrade tho Pres ident by adopting the resolution of Mr. John Sherman, declaring that he, in conjunction with the Secretary of the Navy, “byrecej.v 1 ing ond conaidpring the party relations of bid ders for contracts, and the effect of awarding 'contracts upon, pending elections, have set an example dangerous to the public safety, .and deserving the reproof of this Honso,” , It will scarcely be credited that the’sole pretext for this.vote of censure was the simple mot that in disposing of the humorous letters of every imaginable hharactef which I daily receive, I had, in the usual course of business, referred, a letter .from; Oolonol Patterson, of ■Philadelphia-,,in relation to a contract, to the attention of tho Secretary of tho Navy, the hood of tho appropriate Department, without expressing or intimating any opinion whatev er on the subject.; and, to make,the matter, if possible, still plainer, tlm .Secretarypad ter formed, the committee that “ the President qia not in any viuniler interfere in this case,'i}p r has he- in 'a)iy other case of contract Cinee 1 have teen in the department," The absence of all proof to sustain this attempt te degrade the President, whilst It maniffiete tfre vebOW of the’ shaft aimed at, him, has destroyed .the vigor of,the,blow., u :; , ; ’■ o . ■ .v '- .To return after this digression. Shouldthe Hoiisd, 1 Jiy the' institution of Covode comiuitr toes; votes’ of 'censure, and other devices to harrass/ tho. President, reduce him to; subser vience to their, will, and render him their furo, thenthe woll-balaridod Government which odr fathers framed will be annihilated. This conflict has Already been , ooramenced’in eiiib upst by tho'Hoqsd against the Executive, A bad prOdedent farely’if ever' dies’, •. It'will; J fear, bo p.nrauad in tho. tiqie of my successors, no matter, what Why. be.their,- poiitical pharao-, ter.- Should secret committees lie.appointed,, with unlimited ahthbrity to fangs oyer oil'the' words arid actions, 1 ’ If possible the thoughts of the; President, with a view to dis cover, something,in his past Jife.projifdipial to his Character from parasites and informers,, this would bo an ordeal which sdaroely any more man since thd fall could endure. It „DUE IT ALWAYSEIGHT ! OR WRONG, OTJlt'oOim^T^ CARLISLE, FA, fijC|(sMY, JULV 19, 1860. ... ' vV. ; ’rl‘ * ; 2L--' '■ 'stoufewr b'pai«ldd>ti a reim of terror frphr wllidH%WTO>wWtofl:pur«stJießrt might Bhriht/alihavb^pl*^triuniphantlythrough. i* complete.- Tlie a«. resolution resdlutioh 1 even a resolution pointihgßut any any of the' Execu tive to ho por- t*lo * 10 inkiest jepuld be -Bestowed' bn the heads . The sovOr bigri:pebple offheiitatefewilli however, I tost; from any VdcH bteuv v£!Kiey are frank, bold,, ahd hoh‘es% r '., Jljey adresydelators and inform i olw. ! •'•!^ac^rej^iSfeiMie'and ns the ! rep- and,standing upon; the ,ramparth. : Ofrthe .Constitution which they “■ hayp establiahecl,’’ do sol emnly pfptestagaiqsi'theseh'np^^^^ un'oonstitntibnal.. •/ . ; There was still ahother committee raised by | the.'House .qn- the i6th-J»hteh last, on motion of not, the, slightest objection, con?, fined 1 to Spebifld '.Bhar®®' which I hare ever since Been rbfidy ahdwlling to meet. 1 have at all timbS dehed fair investiga tion ; upqn constitjptiOnhhpnnciples,, I have re-;, celvetl ho .notice thht th|f hhnimittee have ever proceeded to. the .investigate Why should therßouae Of-Representatives' desire ;to/ehoteohhm'itlfeother departments of the flovprnm ent ?'. IhSr rightful powers are ample for every legitimate purpose. ; Theygrp the impeaching; body.'' Jtii' their legislative Cgi paoity -it-is 'their i: mOsttWiS® and wholeeoms prerogative to ihstitnto;rigid examinations in to, the; mahnef in which all departments of the ;Govorpm e hf °^ e pbn.duCfhd, with a viety; |p re: form,abOaoa,topromotp:ooQnomy,aild to'im prove every branch of administration. ’ Should they find reason; to bejicvo, in the course of their exaininotipnshtbfttahy grave offense hdd, been committed by thei&emdenih o^!^^o ®' l cer of the Government, frchderieg it proper, in. tbeir judgmeht,To reform impeachihent, their course wouldbeplaih. i 'TheywpUld then trails jfer, the. question frpmftljeij: legislative .to- their acopeatory jurisdiction,"and take care that, in, jv}l the preliminary, judicial 'proceedings pre paratory to the vote of articles .6f impeach ment, the accused enjoy.the benefit.of cross-examining’ the-witnesses, and all the oth er safeguards with'which' the Constitution sur sounds .everyiAmeriontt.-oitizoh.: ’ i■/' . ■ Jf,;m ;n ; legislative dpyps.tigatiom.it.should, appear teethe • ; nußlid,ifltereBt: required' the. irembval,of any officer Of The; Government, no.. President has ovef exiited after giving, ' him. a fair,.he’afingj!wduld hesitate to 1 apply the remedy.- ; ...." ... ■ | ;• This, I take to be andwoU;es-| •tablished' practice. ,Aii '.adherOape. to it will best' te®ote'tb : o' hMhhbny and the dignity Of the intercourse between the coordinatebranch es of the Government, and render- ue all mbro respectable, both ip The eyes, of pu? pwacqun itrymeh aha of forelgd'nations. V . ' | -i -T- ,*■ V'TAMEs/IiXJG HAN AN. '; . ' SIBr BBECRISBIOGB’S iCCEPTiISCE. , Subjoined we give . the letter: of aooeptance. from the Hoh; John C.. Breckinridge Of the nomin(itipn;for Preßidei)t.i!; It iain-anWerto a letter from the Horn Caleb Gushing:.:.; ~ . :, WasiHNOToif CiTV, June 26,. ,1860.' Dear Siß:M['havo your letter of the; 23d inst.v;by which I am officially informed of my : nomination'.for .Jfcherofheo of president, of,'.the: United States by, the Democratic National Convention,' lately assembled at Baltimore: The circumstances of this nomination' yi) justify irte 'in "referring to its personal as pect, : .1 hate not sought nor desired to be. placed befpre the country flu; the .office of President. When my name whs; presented to the Conven tion at Charleston,; it was ’ by a [ friend in obedience to 'my expressed 'wishes. Jdy not.ohaugecfwhpn the Oonven-, Bidtimpre; and when I heard of the difference which occurred - there, my indisposition'tolbecohueotM prominently 1 witirthe canvass was. confirmed, .and express* hd,tomany friends.,'-;: u ; Without discussing the hcourrerioes which preceded the nominations,hnd whioh\iifO or soohi will be well understood'by the country; "I have only to say that! approve; os just and neeessafyto the preservation- of the national , organisation; and the ! saored right of repre sentation,. the notion; of;.tho Convention, oyer which you epntinued-tp preside ; and thatap proving .it, ahd having resolved to sustain’it, I feerthatdt' ddes hbt 'becdine io&e to select the position I shall'ocoupy; hor to shrink from the responsibilities, of■ theiposf to . which I have been assigned., , Accordingly; j accept the nomination'from’a sense of public duty.; and,' as I think uninfluenced in any degree by the allurements of bmbitionv - ■'> ; : I ay%i} mys9Jf .pf .lhia ccpgrioa-lto'say that the confidence fin nty personal and public 'character,'' implied % the action of .the Con vention, will always he gratefully remember ed; am} it is but just, mao,'to my own feeF lugs, to oppress my:grati&«ation-at the.asso ciation of; my. name with, that of my friend Gen." Lane, a patriot and a soldier, whose greatnervioeain the field and in council en title him -to the gratitude and confidence of his countrymen, • > The res'olutlons. adopted ..by the convention have my .cordial .approval. ; They are, just to alLparts of the.tjnion— to all 6’iir citizens, nor tive and naturalized—and they form a noble policy for any ' The questiopßjtouohing the rights of per s.pns and property .which have., of late, been much discussed, .und. in .these resolutions a constitutional holiitioh: . Our Union is a : dbn foderooy of’dquhl-Sovereign States, for r thd purposes;enumerated in the FederalOoiMtitn.- tion.. . Whatever the., common government holds in, trust for all the States,'must he en joyed equally : by ; each;' £t controls the terri tories in trash for all the States; Nothing less than; sovereignty can destroy or impair the rights pf.peysohg yr property.' .The .Territo rial a fe subordinate and tempoi rgry/and net Sovereign;' fiendd they cah’ndt destroy or impair' the s rights or privijedgos of nersopßipr property,: ; ,Whilo. they continue tp pe Territories they. are under, the . control of-Congress, but 1 the' Constitution nowhere confers on any branch of the Federal Govern ment, the, po'vrorfd, discriminate, against the rigKts'df'Sttttos, or the-prdperty 'of their citi zens ihethe -Territbridß;<';'Jt'TollowB that the citizens of all.-thp States .may-enter, the, Torri* Stories of'tl(e .\Ppion With thfllr property of whatever,Kind; and eryey if during the .Terri torial dohditioh, ■ without'lef dr hiadronde/’ei- ■ ther by Oohgr.esb Or by *iyb: subordinate terri terigl governments.)■ ■: % > ;i :These principles flow directly,from tlm ,ab sence of sovereignty in the territorial miyernf. ments, and from the equality of - the Stotts. IndeodJ 1 they are essential:to; that equality which is, ami ever has-been, the P r plo of our Constitutional Unjon- They,_hjvye, been settled legislatively, sottldd judicially, and are sustained by right reason. Ihcyxofjt on the rock of ths Constitution, They .-will preserve the .Constitution, theywiUprcservo the Union. It is idle to atttenipt to smother these great issues, ,or to misrepresent them by the .use of partisan phrases, which are mis leading and delusive. The : people wllllook beneath such' expressions as “intervention,”, “Congressional'slave code,” a”4 the like, add will .penetrate to the real questions involved. The friends of Constitutional equality do not, and never did, demand a “Congressional slave, code,” nor any other code in regard to propi erty jn, the -territories! They hold the doc trine of ndn-ihtervontion by Congress or by a territorial' legislature, either -to establish or prohibit slavery j'Jiut they assert (fortified by the highest jumcial tribunal in the Union,) the plain duty of the .Federal Government, in all its departments; to secure, when necessa ry, to citizens of all the States, the enjoyment of their property in the common territories, as everywhere' else within its jurisdiction. The Only logical, answer to this would seem to be to Claim sovereign power for the territo ries, or to deny that the Constitution recog nizes property in the services of negro slaves, or to deny that Such property , cap exist. . Inexorable . logic, which works its ,steady way through clouds and passion, compels the country to meet the issue. , There is, no evtir eivomiddle ground. Already the signs, mul tiply of a fantasticatahd growing party which domes that under the Constitution, of by any other law, slave property, pan exist; and ulti mately the struggle must .come, between this party and the national Democracy, sustained by all ftp other pQnsprvatjYe fijpßifihto in Union, , ■ . : ; I think it will hp impossible for o candid mind to discover hostility to' the Union, or a tgint of sectionalism, in the resolutions adopt ed by the Convention., 1V The Cohstiiution and the Union ropose on the equality of the States, .which lies like a brOad foundation underneath Our whole pblitipaV structures As I'oonstrue them; the resolutions simply assert this equal ity.,- They .demand nothing for any State or section that is not cheerfully conceded to ftll the rest. It is well to remember that the chief disorders which haveafflicted our country havo grown outof the violation of State equal ity, and that, .as long.ns this great principle has been respected,' we have been blessed with harmony and peace. Nor will it ho easy to porsuado tho countrythat resolutions'are Sec tional which command the support ,of a major-, ity of the States, and are,.approved by the honO ahd body of thp old Democracy, and by a 1 Vast mass of conservative’ opinion every whbre, without regard to party; : ; ■Jt has-boon necessary more than once -in cur, history, to pause ana solemnly assert, the .'true oharaotor.Of this government., A memo rablo instanoo occurred in the! struggle which ended in the civil revolution' of 1800. The ; Republicans of that day, like the Democracy of this, -were, stignfttifed as disunipnists, but they nobly conducted the contest under the constitution, and saved’ our jpoHdoaV system;' By a like to.nstitodonal strttggle.it' is intended ! hpWrto.imsert.iitodi.estoblisJh the, equality-of; ‘ itbp-Stptesas thebidybasis : /When ‘this object,' So . national, , so constitu tional, so just,'shall be 1 actomplisbed; the last 1 jcldud will disdppearl&onntho -Ataericap.Bky,; and with; common handsandhearts the. States, andj the people. will unite to deyptopp the re-, sourcps.of the whole to biddit togeth er with the bonds-Of intotoourse l andbrother hood, add to-impel,it onward l in: its -great ca-, repr, The. Constitution and. the. r eqnaiity .pf the States!- These are symbols of everlasting union. ; Lot these bp tbs'rallying cries of the' people. 11 ■ I-trust that this canvass will be conducted without rancour, and that temperate argument 1 will-take, the place of hot words and passion- . ate accusations. Above all I venture humbly to hope thai Divine Providence, to whom' wo : CWeour origin, onr growth, and all odr-pros- ; parity, will continue to protect our boloved country against aU danger, foreign or domes tic. ... . ...,-; -,'i ~ : : l ata, with 'greet f aspect, your friend; ■ 1 ; ; ' 1 JoIIN C. BKECKENBIbOte.' Hon. G. Ciiehing; President of the Democratic National Convention, . . ' : A Pleasant BiooßAPHy.—The following biographical notice is by ; a correspondent of the Detroit Free Press ; John Wilson was bom in Washington coun ,ty,'Pennsylvania,March Ist, 1780, and came to petroit by the way of Sandusky Groin that place in.an open boat) in 1809, He had heard that Detroit, though a far-off land, was a good place for a poor man. His only possessions were a brave and an honest heart and a good, industrious young wife’. i The war of 1812 came on. John Wilson toot his -musiet and was ever ready when men were wanted. He and his wife were in the employ of Act ing Governor Atwater (who. lived in the house where: the late Colonel D. G. Jones lived and. died) on the day of the surrender, August 16, 1812. I After the stars, and stripes bad gone down, l and the cross of St, George had gono up, the Indians began, plundering several houses ; among the'rest, a large band of some fifty dr more went to Atwater’s house and began plundering. Tho family Wore gone, and,Wil son and his wife were alone, but. they both, at the hazard of their lives, determined to save the property of their employer; An Indian had taken a large' mirror out of; the house; John seized it, wrenched it from the grasp of the. red warrior; and ran .back to the house with it. Jjookinjj around/he saw 1 the Indian E hinting his ride arid drawing a fine sight on ini. A, box.of bar lead steed by John on the piazza, Quick,gs thought he let a bar .fly at the head of the warrior, Jt graced hi® soalp look; ho dodged and lost his aim> hut agftm drew up,, Another bar of lead grazed his right, spr ragain hd dodged-; and so they kept it'Up' for some time. John whuld n6t run, and the Indian couldn’t fire, till Cpl. Elliot, •ijrho happened along, called out to. the Indian, and thus-ended the fight. ■ 1 Mrs; Wilson, equally brave, and determin ed to'save the property, wrenoheda tea-kettle from the hand of anjndian, who immediately attempted to kill her with £ho butt of his rifle, but she escaped froyi the attack paid kept the teaflcottle forty years as a trophy of victory. Over half i» century have they lived in Mi J ohigan, patterns of honesty-and integrity; without a stain upon their names. The sun of John’s life wont down, on the 23d ult. Ho died; and loaves not.-a more just man behind him. . ■ . ’ flffl-'A thiek bonded Squire,’being worsted birthe Bev. Sidney Smith on orgumant, took his rovpngo X had; a ebb whoops parson of him I" “ Very likely;" replied Sid ney, " but I perceive your father was pf adif-' ferontmin'd.." v . .. , #359; 4 person, remarkable for his stupidity arid indoienoje waa‘,do9> rc d ,by his wife not tq bo gone bq.ipuoli, ,'aa- she' was afraid to bo left alone. ‘“Boh!” cried he ; “ naught is never in danger.” “ I,kbbwthat,”'Bftid she ; “ but NiuVght’s wife is.”. Bottom of ‘ the Ocean. ; ; Mr. Green, the famous diver, tolls singular stories of his adventures, when making search, in the deep waters of, the ocean. He gives some new'sketches of What he saw at the Sil ver Bank heaf Hnyti: . ■ j ■ . “The banks of coral on which my, divings, narrated in the previous chapter,, were mode, ate about forty mlles in length', and'from ton to twenty in breadth. “Oh this bank.of coral is presented to the diver one.of the most beautifuL-and sublimp scenes the eye ever beheld. ~• “The watpr varies from, ton to one hundred feet in depth, and so clear that the diver can see from two to three'hundred-feet when he is submerged, with■ but, Jittle,obstruction to the sight; , ■, : ~ ■ l “The bottom of the ocean, in many places oh these banks, is as smooth (is a marble floor ; in others, it is studded with coral col umns, from ten to one hundred fept in height, and from one to eighty feet in diameter. The tops of those more lofty support a inyraid pf pyramidal pehdants, each forming a myraid moire; giving the reality to tho imaginary abode of some water nymph. In other places the pendants form arch after arch, and os the diyer.stands.on the bottom of the ocean, and gazes through;these in the deep winding ave nue, he finds that they fill him with as sacred an' awe as if :he' were in .some old cathedral, which, had'long been buried beneath “old ocean’s wave.’.’ , Hero and there the coral ex-r tends ovop to the SurfliPP Of the WfttfWi'a® thosa loftier columns were towers belonging to those stately temples that are now, in ruins. “There wore countless varieties pf diminu tive trees, shrubs and plants, in everycreyico of the corals where the water had deposited the least earth.- They were: all of a faint hue, owing to the pale light they _ received,, al though of every shade,, and entirely, different from plaints I am familiar with that vegetate upon dry land.' One in particular attracted my attention; it resembled a sea-fan of im inense size, of variegated colors, and of the most brilliant hue. < ■ . “The fish which inhabited those Silver Banks, T found as different in kind as ithe sce nery was varied. They were of all forms, colors and eizes—fromtho symmetrical goby to the globe-like sun-fish; from those, of, the dullest hue to the changeable dolphin; from tho, spots, of the leopard to thb hues of the stin boam jfromtho harmless minnow; to the vo racious shark, 1 ’.Some'had heads like’squir rels, others like oats and-dogs ; one of small 'size resembled tho hull terrier. (Some darted .through the Water like meteors,, while others could-scarcely be seeh fo move. • , ; ; To enumerate and explain all the various kinds of fish I beheld ..while diving ,on these banks Would, wore l onoughdf anaturafrstso. . ‘to do; require more space than my limits Will allow, for I am convinced-that most of ithe kinds of fish which inhabit tho .tropical seas, bau be found "there; ■. The • snnfish, sawfish,” I‘starfish,1 ‘starfish, white shark,; ground, shark, blue or shovel-noso, shark,. wereoften, .seen,.,, There. yyeW.alsW fish which, .readmbled iplante, and The only power they possessed waa to open iahd shut when iff dlwe ßr T*, Some of them re sembled the rose In -full blo6m,;.and -Were'-of all hues. . -L -■< : “There were the ribbon fish, from, four or ifive inches, to three feet in length. Their eyes are Very laygo,' and pro.tfudp Tike those of the ■ffdg. ‘ inothei- fish whs spotted like thelebp- Jard.’ from three to ten. feet .in length; .They, build their houses .like tho heaver, in which they spawn, and the male or .female watches the egg find! if hatbhesi .1 saw many speci im.eps’qf jhp grpen turtle somo five feet long, 1 Which 1 should think would weigh from ; 400 to 500 pounds. ; .PpTNAM.—TIie editor of thd Now-, buryport Herald m ti description of a visit ’to Danvers, gives aft iutfirpstjhg ac count of a visit to the birthplace of (Jen. Put nam,, of revolutionary, memory.: ..., The place iAsjall oVoupiea hy despehdahts of his brother, and contains many relics of the old hero. The chamber where ho washofn-is ! a large,; square, oak timbered room in the ori ginal, house, built by his ancestors in 1636.: It cbritiiins,‘quaintly curved furniture, which was brought .from England, and old revolu tionary prints and documents, -giftsfrom his brother officers. Among the reubs is a sword, a set of twelve bullets, varying from an ounce do a buckshot, cast in a pair of moulds be longing to him, bearing date 1756 ;,p ; piece;of rook fronv the wolf’s den; a chip from the stone stairs, where ho galloped .down to the whistling of English lead;; blocks from his house in Connecticut; ah original copy of the stamp.net; Gen. Putnam’s powder born, his military coat presented by Lafayette, his coin emission, as Major-General, his sword broken at Bunker Hill, his pistols which belonged to Major Pitcairn, and his silver mounted castor, are still in possession of another branch of the family.’’ ... No befitting monument has yet been erect ed to his memory, though the Stfite of Con necticut has appropriated two thousand dol lars for the purpose, upon conditions that rest in the handsof the people. The descendants of the hero propose to add one thousand dol lars’to this sum, and the “ Putnam Phalanx.” of Hartford, yet another.. This military com pany, paid a visit to his grave on the eigh teenth ulf.,.and while in Brooklyn repaired to the site of the General’s old residence, only indicated by the depfession of the earth where the. cellar hadboenl. “The fjpjd/' says tho Norwich Courier, }'whence he was called, like another, Cinciunatus, is another spot of inte rest to-strangers/' Tradition (and it is said fact,) designates this- locality-fa) bn eUgatfid h half nple oast of tho village,, . 6 .'! Impobtawt Oirioinnati .papers report a verdict for the defendant in the case ’ of James Lee & Go., of Now York, against the! ’ Chillicotho Branch Bank of the State of Ohio. I ! The suit involved transactions of inn Ohw Life'lnsurance 1 and- Trust Company. J’our-: ; teen bills of exchange, amounting 1 86, were, endorsed by the Cashier of the Clul r 1/cotho Bank to tlw Olno Lifc Insurance and 1 Trust Company in Now York for collection, and were' transferred by to the plam 'tiflk. .who presented them 0t maturity to. the Trust Company foripaymont, and they wore protested.- Plaintiffs sought ft) recoypr ffopj the Chillicotho Baals; pefendipats ausw.df that tl/o bills ware to be used only forthoir boncllt, and that Ludlow had no right to for them, and consequently .they .wore not.Ua ble. Lee & Co. have' similar , suits' ponding against the' Branch Banks at Marietta, Day ton, Athens, Xodid, Piqua, the Lbgan Branch and the Ross Oounty Bank, for similar trans actidnS, to which the defendants Hqve entered the samo.pleas in defence, The whole amount plftinjed 4s ftfeout SfrOO.OOQ, . ThoGhineso melhfld oftifjdrig off hoots' IsnsfolloWßl .... . ... : , . They place the boots in a vice, and ppply a yoke toi tlid hook, worked' by a wheel,, which 'only, stops working when the boot or head comes off. : ; The- Crops la Europe. ~5 C v ,' • Jv i >a • . I. j' . ' ; . i.', ■■ i. ’• i The crop accounts from.the other, sidaof tho Atlanfic coritiriuequito unfavorable^’All •; over Europe thpwcather.has.for months past, been l a succession of showers, storms.and hur ricanes. According to. English journals, the herbage has been, drowned .at one time by torrents ofrain,orBCorchedup at another by keen winds. The younglipgs of thoflocks and herds hare perished for want of food, and lambs which, in.ordinary BoaBons, nre sources of profit to the stock growers.have beengiyen away freely to,anybodywho would accept them os a gift. The price of meat ;h"a®; gone up to a point at which.it is placed yond the.roach of the working Sfeot? land, whiphi with, its'long ranges- of 'shfjepy walk, usually/exports, mutton toEngiand, is.now redeiyingmiitton from England. ;; Apo; ther mopth of bad weather, , and thegraid; crops.would be placed; in jeopardy.. Ireland; does’not seem to .haye.somucih .as,.England, and Scotland, arid the accounts of the Trish crops are more favorable. . ‘ Afthe dateof our last advices,'the, weather' in England had somewhat' improved and ip Was anxiously hoped that ihe.injnrovement would be permanent,' A deficipriVnaiwest is a terrible national calamity; but in the prps-' poet of a short harvest our English fncnds v iwere.drawing conjfqrpfrom the Tact that the; Aipprioan farmers would be-able to furnish thorn a liberal supply of breadstiifis. Wo ■ have, indeed, the promise of a beautiful bar l vestthis year, and the wheat harvest, which is now progressing actively in the Southerjl; parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, is said to' bp the best realized for many years. , , ’ ■ ■ 'lmportation of Foreign. Liquors, from? Edrope. —The London Shipping Gazette con tains a very interesting article on' the impdr--' tation of wines and other foreign liquors into the United States since the year 185,4, show! 1 ing a very great, decrease compared with, the increase of our population. It appears thgir the average consumption of foreign wines last year only amounted to about- twelve cents J % head of the whole population, hotwithstenar : ing that the duty has beenlowered from ona hundred to thirty per cent.',; The importatToii;, of light wines has not. materially mcreftsjsd; since 1854/but champagne, brandy and grpm/ spiritsbave been imported in ‘a-much daiger/ ratio. It is not to be inferred thatthd Ap}pPr'; ienn people are the smallest consunjors of ‘ stimulating, drinks because the ■ importation of wines has fallen off. Perhaps out London, contemporary, would .find one very good' reft: son for the decrease in the immense cohsump'r tion of native lager beer, which, BihcelBs4;' has become not only a very popular/;drink/' but almost the national beverage of the couhr ,try. Thousands of people who drnnfc wine/ especially light wine, previous now rarely taste it, but confine themsenros to; lager beer, which is manufactured all overthe;; Union in nmazihgV quantities. fast fiveyears also the manufabture-iof .homo ■ ;li(jupirs in'every shape has been cmisiderftblyh stimulated. '• -"("si*-;- } Nianr iiß.- Ah ex traordihory - fallacy w, • the dread of night air,' What can wp breathe at night; butinight -gif ? ' 'fhe chpigpyis' her ’ tween pure night-air: from without and &nb, , night air 'from" within. : Must people prefer' ;the latter. Anuhaccountablechoice. What will they say if it is proved to bo true that fully one-half of the disease we, suffer from la. , occasioned by people sleeping with their win dows shut 1 An open'window most nightsitt the year can never hurt any one.; ./This is pot . Ito eay that light is not necessary fdf re&veiy. Ilngreat cities night: air fa often thebSst and purest air to bo had in the 24 hours. - Icould better understand shutting the : windows in' towns during the day.-than during the night/; for the sake of the side. Theabserioeof smoke, the quiet; all-tend to make night the! besttime for .'airing .the patient;.’- One; of ;ohr , highest medical authorities on consumption: and climate,’ has told hie. that the ah imL'dn don is never so. good as after ten' o’clock at might. Always air your room then/from thd, : outside air, if possible. - Windows are madei to oppn, doors made to shut; —a truth.'which, seems- extremely difficult of apprehension.: Every room must be aired.from-,without,-—; . every passage, from within Bub the-fewer passjjges tlipre are in a hospital the better,. . Florence.Nightengdle. . Sad Picture op .Matters itr lowa,— The; Lexington (Ky.) Observer,prints the following, as-an extract of a letter from a gentloman of high standing in-Jowa. .It gives. a melancho-. ly view of the condition of affairs in that State, Theyyrlter may be inclined to look too much' on the dark side! , , .. v -. - • - ;■ ~ “Do not tradeubr anything ip, the way of real - estate within the limits of the Stateof Ipwa, with the view’of selling it at .any[pries within, fhe next 4ve years. The value of the land is nominal; you may couut it at $1 25,0 t §10; neither price would bring cash. I have just sold lands;' bought in the couhtiy north of your county, for which ,T paid §lO in 1857, f ood lands, at §1 per aero, and that in trude, consider lands anywhere within the limits of this State, unimproved, dear at dyer §125 per acre, except in counties bordering on tho river.- -• ■ ~ . No man living in this Stato can ; hnyq any thing like a correct idea.of tho utter hopeless-: ness of tho.state.of things in lowa. .Tho. river towns aye so flat that they can never Mt .up. again until there is an entire change of pppu- s lation. This place contained a population m 1857; of 40,000, is now reduced to 18,000, and. people leaving just ns fast as they can- got money.to got awaynpon. The place is,,in debt one million and a quarter! and she as Dubuque ot al; along the river, are talking Of repudiating I So do not own lauds In lowa,, ifyou-can avoid it. It will make you that much poorer. ’’ . .. ~ • I Eantv Ixfi.uenck.—There can be nogrejit er blessing than to bd born in the 'light and air of a cheerful, loving homo.' Itnot only ensures a happy childhood—if thordho health and a good constitution—hut it almost paakeq sure a virtuous manhood, and a fresH’.ydung heart in old ago. I think it' every parent's duty to try to make their children’s childhood full of lovo and of childhood’s proper jpyous noss;.and I never sod children destitute‘■of. them, through the poverty, faulty tempers, or' Wrong notions; of their parents, without a he.arta.phe., ,Nof that all the appliances whiph, wealth can buy are .necessary bo the free and hopp,|'Unfolding pf childhood in Body," hiind,' or heart—-quite otherwise; God ho thanked;' but children must have, at least love inside the house, and fresh and good play and some good companionship outside; d&erwise runs tfjo greatest danger in the world ofwithr eripg or,growing stunted, or sour and wrong,, or, at best, prematurely old'and turned in word on itself; > ■ • y • ■l " ■ || ■ I lIH '|« , , ( *’ A sohtiirientil chap intends td petition to C.origress for a jjrant to improyd the'bheh nela of affection, so that henceforth the course Of true love may .run smooth. . . . . . ;i - r. SfST If you wish that your own merit should bo recognized,'rccogniv/e the merit (if o‘> '' ‘i .> C « i >-J>; v| J ** v nan 1 /. f NO. «.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers