irigan volunteer; lIIED. EVERY THURSDAY MORNING DY Joint B. Bratton. TERMS. iipriOM.— Onn Dollar and Fifty Cents, idvanco j Two Dollars it paid within the id Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, if not lin the year. Those terms will bo rig ired to in every instance. No sub disoontinued until all arrearages are jss at the option of the Editor. ‘.TisEsiENTs —Accompanied by t he cask, ixceeding one square, will be inserted ies for One Dollar, and twenty-five cents additional insertion. Those of agroat th in proportion. hinting —Such as Hand-bills, Posting imphlets, Blanks, Labels, &c.j&c.,exo th accuracy and at the shortest notice. THE GIFT OF LOVE. mo,” I said, “that ring icli on thy taper linger gleams i thought to mo ’twill bring, ,en Summer sunset’s beams ive faded o’er the western sea, nd left me dreaming, love, of thee!” no,” the maiden cried j .'his shining ring is bright, but cold ; bond is loosely tied, rich must be clasped with gold! ;ing would soon forgotten be; imo better gilt I’ll give to thee !” m give mo that red rose,” id I, “ wliioh on thy bosom heaves, istacied repose, id droops its blushing loaves: )u wouldst have me think ol thee, ir maiden, give l that rose to me!” no I” she softly said, will not give thee any flower; rose will surely lade passes with' the hour; led rose can never be _ emblem of my love for thee 1” ion give mo but thy vow of love—’twore better yet,” cd ; et who once has heard icli vows can ne’er forget! iou wilt give this pledge to me, >r ring nor rose I’ll ask of thee !” ~ no!” she said again ; For spoken vows are empty breath 386 memory is vain hen passion pursueth n-1 lose my love for thee, vows must all forgotten be I” _ .Jen what,” I asked, “ wilt thou IQ dearest! to thy lover give 7 . . - ■ ■ jjfdr ring, nor rose, nor vow , j.May 1 from thee receive: !; And yet some symbol should there bo ...To typify thy love for me! i|i®V : Then dropped her silvery voice Unto a whisper soft and lory, |pS|,cfTlero take this gift—my choice— The sweetest love can know!” raised her head all lovingly, . And smiling gave a—kiss to me! • ||f|' MILDLY JUDGE YE OP'EACiI OTHER. &|i|'ilildly judge ye of each other, . WltiiW ßo to condemnation slow ; very best may have their failings, raffeii"- Something good the worst can show. iP&KTho brilliant sun hath spots of darkness On Ids radiant front, they say; ®MoA' lld tlle c,oolt tllat never goeth Speaks correctly twice a day. ■ j|Ft>%te not mock your neighbor’s weakness, When his random whim's you see,' r l ,orlla l ,s llc something like day beholds ihtheo. Hfe, ; tFolly leavens alio u r nat uriis; ■Br? ' Sonndestmetal hath, its flaws; ■pAnd the" rigid stoic scorner ' Is no wiser for his saws., - i -'„ JIB/’' Every mortal hath its h.dbhy; ifo" * It may foolish neenitn you, But,.remember! ' Bright qpstnjple, t. i ' ,/; Tou have got your Ijobby too. s I, 'Lot a follow loeling warm you, ;. When yoii criticise your triend i Honor virtue in his actions, , 4j,‘ In yourself his vices mend. Think not those whom mortals honor C ’ Are the. best the earth affords, lie' ' For no tongue of praise doth blazon > Forth the deeds which God rewards. |fv There are fish behind in ocean, Good as ever from it came, gW, And there are men unknown as noble ilfe - ' As the lauroll’d heirs of fame. I®'■/■•Mildlyjudge, then, of each other, S’! 1 Bo to condemnation slow; 5 For the Wisest have their ,ailin S s > ■.a ■ Something good (ho worst can sho 6 The sun himself hath spots of darkness ■ ‘ Qn ids radiant brow, they say j ,S> ' And the clock that never goeth speaks correctly twice u daj* jSwellamtiiis. jj..', . Brutalities ol S’lP^vArecont- number of the New York Times . ponfains a lengthy letter from the scene of con- Europe, and among other things, details , of the acts of cruelty perpetrated upon the Italian people by the Austrian Govern ment. To read these horrible acts of cruelty makes an American's blood tingle through every W? vein. No wonder the Italians desire to throw off the Austrian yoke. The following is a spe fl ' eimeri of the recorded:; S' r ' ; Brutalities op Austria. —The indictment r.„’ should! fully Set forth each crime of the Austn o-nvenunent in its dealings with the Italian i .'would exceed the collective rolls'of the Vdrian library in length. The thousands 1 to abandon home, friends, house and and-save their lives by sell-banishment; tonsands who - have died by the rope or trial and without hearing, for toKSof which elsewhere law takes no cogm e'j the multitude who starve J'early under xtortion of the Austrian tax-gatherers, do ing the bulk of their difficult earnings : mseholds, without number, whose young iave been torn away to serve in the far off ,*hi(in region ; all these are distressed wit to the enormity of the evil, which the IIo : iknce and the after advances of the Austrt ave fastened upon a helpless people. r 'number who. after the events -of 1848. „ less fugitives from Italy, is reckon iderately at 50,000. At least 15.000 have cd miserably, upon the scaffold or kneel lofore the muzzles of Austrian muskets, the victory of Novara rendered the pretence ir and insecurity an audacious falsehood. — de women have been dragged into the pub lid souafes, in sight of friends and strangers, hared to the waist, and lashed until the subse-1 nuent application of ice could alone save the mangled Uesh from mortification. Old men, of exemplary lives,, wholly, unconscious of offence, and ■ without a hearing, have been suddenly BC *CdAho innumerable instances of such deeds as these the.corrospondent of the Times select se - .on! ’columns of items, showing up this tyranny 1 ’ as far hack as 1848. But, as we are cramped v for toomi we’ can only say that the catalogue is ' B featful one, for, following the date selected, ,961 Capital sentences were passed and executed in::Lbmbardy, while the summary executions, regardless of legal forms, far exceeded that num- As a specimen of this recorded cruelty, u • we quote the following: 1 v’fjjrp ! WHOLESALE EXECUTION. F' ' Isitfho official Gazette issued at Milan, in i|s i V : . )®>mher of December 8, 1851, give the text of a |- passed-at Mantua on the 6lh Decent-. v- BY JOHN B. BRATTON. VOL. 45. bcr, condemning ten p&minent. persona to death “ for having had relations with Mazzini, having circulated a quantity of the certificates of his loan, and having even planned an attempt upon the sacred person of the Emperor.” They were: ' ' 1. Henry Tazzoli, Priest, Professor in the Seminary of Mantua. 2. Angelo Scnrsellini, landowner at Venice. 3. Bernard de Cenale, gentleman, of Venice. 4. John Zaffibolli, painter,-of Venice. 5. Dr. Charles Poma, physician in the hospi tal of Mantua. . 6. John Pagonini, merchant, of Venice. 7. Angelo Magili, of Milan, merchant at Ve nice. . , _ _ . 8. Julious Faccioli,.Doctor of Laws, Venice. 9. Dr. Joseph Quintavllle. of Mantua. 10. Joseph Ottonelli, cure of St. Sylvesler, near Mantua. The five first named were hung ; the sentence of the rest was commuted to hard labor for terms of various durations. None of those ever saw,the charges upon,which they were convic ted ; not one was present at the trial ; rib one was present at the trial; no One appeared to de fend the accused ; the composition of the tribu nal, arid the names of the Judges condemning them, have never been discovered. The een -tenoc is simply countersigned by the Comman der of the town of Mantua, General de Culoz. From the Turin Concordia, Jap. 13, 1848. A VOL'TII SHOT FOB DEFENDING HIS MOTBEII’S' noNon. At Massa, in the Venetian Stales, the fiscal agent, one Cameririi, having concealed a large sum of money to escape the enormous taxes which,succeed each other so incessantly, begged the presence of a company of soldiers to protect him. Six hundredmen were sent, who install ed themselves in the houses of the villagers, and, took possession of all the wine, provisions and fuel they could find. Their insolence and as saults upon the women were continual. A young man returning home and finding his mo ther struggling in the grasp of two infamous subalterns, seized a knife and attacked one of thd pair. The outcry brought several, soldiers to the spot; the young man was overpowered by numbers, and bound, with cords. The lea ding people of the country interposed in his be half vainly. During the night, the young man, the communal councilors, the physician, and other persons, were taken to Padua, surrounded during the journey by Austrian troops. For several days he was subjected to torture ; and on the 20th December, 1848, he was shot. Ilis fellow-countrymen were obliged to attend the execution, kneeling on the ground. Customs of l!ie Turks. . Horn is a whole yolume ; concerning the cus_ toms, manners, and habits of the Turks, con. taine.d in a single paragraph : ( “ The Turks abhor the hat; but uncovering the bead, which with us is an expression of res pect,, is considered by them disrespectful and indecent;: no ollencd is'given by keeping on. a hat in » mosque, but shoes must be left oil the threshold ; the slipper, and ’not tTieTurbqn, is removed in token of respect.. The Turks turn, in their shoes ; they write from right to left; then- mount on the rignt side of the horse; they follow I heir guests into aroom and precede them on leaving it; the left hand is the place of hon or ; they do the honors of a table by,serving themselves first: they are great smokers and coffee drinkers ; they take the wall and walk hastily in respect; they beckon by throwing back the hand, instead-of throwing it toward them ;' they cut the hair from the head, but leave it on the chin ; they sleep in their clothes; they look on beheading as a more disgraceful punishment than strangling ; they deem onr short and close dresses indecent, our shaven, chins a mark of effeminacy and servitude ; they resent an inquiry after wives as an insult; they commence their wooden houses at the top, and their upper apartments arc frequently finished before the lower ones are closed up ; they eschew pork as an abomination ; they regard dancing as a theatrical performance, only to bo looked at and not mingled in, except by slaves ; their, mourning habit is white; their sacred color is »reen ; their Sabbath day is Friday ; and inter ment follows immediately on death. The death of the women arc not registered—those of the men arc. Marriages are registered, and with the marriage the woman is virtually struck from existence, so far as goverraent is concern ed. She is not known officially to the govern ment of Turkey, tier ■ lord’ or husband does with her as p'cascs him best.” . The Devil’s Personal Appearance. —The “ Scalpel,” the Cayenne pepper in the “ cas-, tors" of Now York journals, tells the following story t A worthv farmer at a country meeting for the relation o'f the religious experience of its members, said he had been severally tried by a young devil. Said he,—He come last night and sat down on the side of my bed. and grinned at me as I was savin’ my prayers ; he was ent the old devil dear brethern, but a little young one that would weigh about, thirty pounds ; he sat down on the side of the bed, and I just see his tail and huffs, slickin’put under his cloak :it was terrible cold that night, he looked as though they took good care on him to hum. I had a good chanoo to look at him. but I went on prayin’: he diden’t frighten me a bit; I'd seen before ; so I looked out of the corner of mV eye, and I could see his leellc horns: they were jest beginnin to start, like a little bull-calf, they wasn’t more than two inches long, but they looked.' as though they might git terrible poker ish someday.”' Tli6 Poor Man’i Statne. When the Athenians built the temple of Mi norca, a statue,was waited to place upon its top. A poor mechanic was induced by his friends to compete for the prize With a favorite and wealthy sculptor of noble bird).. The day for raising the statue came, that of the patrici an was unveiled, and raptures greeted the reve lation. But it was, in truth, so small that as it ascended; its' beauty dissappeared. and when it reached the top it seemed but a shapeless man. The statue of the poor mechanic was next unveiled; it seemed huge and uncouth, and resembled nothing human or divine. But as it ascended, its apparent deformities disap peared, it grew more comely, and finally reach ed the top. and seethed animated with divine, beauty and life. The poor mechanic won the laurel, and was home off amid the shouts of the multitude. Let us bear this in mind—if among us there are men rough and uncouth, it is because wo have not lifted them to that proud position they are so fitted to honor; it is because we left them in obscurity, to elevate tho pandering and unscrupulous, who only try# to deceive us. —Oration by a Mechanic . Vices.—The worst vices, springing from tho worst principles, tlio excesses of the libertine, and the outrages of tho plunderer, usually take their rise from early and unsubdued idleness.— Christian parents, therefore, should take heed that tho offspring which Heaven has given them, bo so instructed in dilligonco and virtue, that instead of being scourges to society, they may become ornaments of grace, and benelit the world by their example of what Christian men and women should bo. The Mexican Massacre at Tacubaja. The first victim was Gen. Lazcnno, an old soldier, who was walking in the Archbishop's gardens at the time of his seizure.; It would appear that lib had been a severe disciplinarian, and his former subaltrans, in conducting him to the place of execution; took that occasion to avenge themselves with insults, to which the General replied, “It is cowardice to insult a man condemned to death." And again, when told that he was to die the death of a traitor, he answered “I am np traitor; and ns to death, I only feel it for my family’s sake.. For myself, lam resigned to my fate.” He was allowed to drink a glass of water, and fell shot through the head. The officers.who suffered with him were Cols. Viilagran and Arteaga, Capt. Lopez and Lieut. Sierra. The first is said to have distinguished himself for his valor in the war with the United States. Notwithstandirig their en treaties, all were shot with their backs turned as traitors, * The physicians assassinated were Drs. Por tugal,.Rivero, Spanhez, Duval, and Abad. The first was the ’cousin of Castillo, Miramon s Minister of IVar, an office which to his honor he at once resigned. It is Stated that these un fortunate men Were advised to take refuge in flight, but they refused. A few moments after the infuriated soldiery, now drunk with aqua dieatc, rushed into the hospital and dragging their victims out into tho street, assassinated them in the most barbarous manner. Qne of them was up the wounds of the enemy at the time; the other -in amputa- tion. - , Among the most regretted of the victims is the young Covarruhias. son of the well-known Vera Cruz poet of that name, and himself the author .of many beautiful lyrics and other pie ■pe^Which gave great promise for the future. Tie was hut a young man’ of nineteen years, and though doubtless, like all such young men open in liis declarations of sympathy with the liberal cause, had not been personally engaged in .hos tilities. The fact was called to the attention of Marquez. The assassin was inexorable.— ‘•These young men of genius,” was his reply; “are just the young men that wo have most; to ■fear.” The number of known victims is fifty-three, though it is believed to.be much larger. They were assassinated in the street, in their houses, anywhere the brutal soldiery chanced to meet them. Finally they were all carried off in Com mon carts to a neighboring ravine, into,which, -as into one great Goloma, they. Were ail thrown together. In the meantime, the victorious gen erals were-making their triumphal entry, with their prisoners dragged after them as in the days of old, into the Capitol; the cathedral and its toweis were hung with red ; a procession of women-r-wc can hardly believe the statement presented Marquez with a sash of the same san guinary coloivand a solemn Pe Deitm was chanted in honor of the victory. N.O. Picayune. Bensons' for Turning Lonlet. . Among the many reasons which arc effectual in urging a man to turn' loafer, the following uiay bo named as a few of the most poweiful; X. You are never bothered with*; tailors or boot makers’ bills. - 2. Poor relations are a kind of folk that uont make frrqiicnt calls upon your purse. 3. You have mj'work to do, and may lounge the streets to your heart’s content. 4. You are never in danger of being roused from a sound sleep, .with, “Joseph, get up: breakfast is waiting for yon.” . .5. You run no hazard of being knocked down for your money. , . V 6. You are at liberty to enjoy tho undistur bed luxury of sucking inolasscs from hogsheads, through a wisp of straw. , 7. Ydu are free from the constraints of. fash ionable etiquette. 8. You have no fear of getting corns on your toes, from new boots. 9. You areiri ’theway of becoming a philoso pher, by observing with solicitude “the change of the moon,” and noticing the alternate ap proach of fair and foul weather by the direction of the winds.' 10. You are never obliged to take your eye opener” or your “phlegm-cutter” at your own 11. You are never likely to be denounced by the rabble as a pursc-proud aristocrat. • 12. And you enjoy tho distinction universal ly accorded, of being a public men. A Brief Distort of Four Clerks.—A writer in the New York Tribune states that in the winter of 1854-5. four young bank-clerks ! used to meet for euchre, playing alternately at their residences in Brooklyn. These meetings continued pleasantly for a while, the party keeping early hours, and no gambling being allowed. A year later the party was; not reor ganized, but met accidentally on Christmas Eve. lit a raffle in Brooklyn. The downward path was already entered upon. The results sum up as follows: ' One of the young men is travelling in Europe, his bondsman having paid 83,000 for him, in which sum ho was defaulter at the bank where he was employed. Another is in the Sing Sing prison for forgery. The third, Oscar S. Field, the recent defaulter in Brooklyn, and now wan dering with the mark of Cain upon his brow— the murderer of bis own, peace and the happi‘ : ness of his family. The lourth communicates ■ these facts, and concludes his story thus: And . the last casts a glance over the past, a shudder ■ creeps through' his frame as he thinks over the fate of his companions, and thanks, a mcroilul God that saved him from the abyss into which he had almost plunged himself. There were ' other bank clerks among, the party, and ere ! long their defalcations must come to light, for 1 they have been possessed of sums which they ! could not come by honestly.' [£7> A man traveling, entered a tavern, and seeing no one present but the landlord and a negro, seated himself and entered into conver sation with the negro. Shortly he asked Sam bo if be was dry.l Sambo said he was. Stran ger told him to go to the bar and “take some thing," at his expense. Negro did so, and left. Landlord says to tho stranger: “Are you acquainted with that nigger ? “No, never saw him before; bntwhy doyou ask?” . ' ' “I supposed so from your conversation with him, and asked him to drink.” “Oh.” said the stranger, “I was experiment ing. The fact is, I was.dry too, and I thought that if your liquor didn’t kill the nigger in fif teen minutes I would venture to take a drink myself.” . _ • Landlord’s curiosity satisfied. Laughable Mistake—A cotomporary tells of a young lawyer who resided upon Nantiooko crook, and in times of tho absence ol the young pastor of the “ district meeting” acted as clerk. He had a strange way of manufacturing words, when at a loss lor tho right one. Well, upon a certain occasion, when ho deemed his services in request, ho undertook to "giro put;a hymn, in which tho word “doxology” occurred: and as he could not get hold of tho word, ho reques ted the congregation to sing “ lour voraos and a sock dolager!” “OUR COUNTRY—MAY IT ALWAYS BE BIGHT—BUT BIGHT OB WRONG, OUR COUNTRY CARLISLE, PA,, THURSDAY, JUNE 9, 1859. A boy “ Too big to obey liia' mother!” Such a boy must be larger than a giant,and one with strange ideas of,the rights of big, people.- I should not like to live.pear him, nor cvcn , se ? him, for I expect he Would-fccl too big to mind the laws of his country, or the laws of God, and thus be a dangerous:neighbor. I am told that there are such boys, or.rather , those who think they are •• 100 big to mind tlieir mother.’ What docs your mother, want you to do ! To stay in of evenings, to "let tobacco alone, to avoid associating with bad 'toys, to read useful books, to shun novels ahd-idlo. newspapers, to miud your studies or trade. or whatever you are engaged in on week dava.,w,ith diligence, and on the Sabbath to bo regularly at Church and Bi ble class; and above all, she-wants to see you a faithful Christian-boy. This would make her happy beyond description, and you feel “ too big” to yield to her wishes! : My boy, believe mo, you ttVoin a most dan gerous slate of mind* which imakesme tremble, for you, both for this world and tho next,— Think of Christ, tho King of kings and the Lord of lords. When he was old .enough, and wise enough to confound the learped doctors in the temple of Jerusalem, he was none too old and wise to obey his mother ; and, when he was dy ing, he took.care to, providehcr with a son to render to her honor and affection. Believe me when you arts small enough to de pend .upon your-mother foryour food and clo thing, and daily care, and while she is so anx ious to see you growing' up -irito “ good arid worthy man. and so willingddmake any sacri fice to help you on in life, you should be asham cd to say, or even think, “ I,’fttn too big to mind my mother.” > Search all the biographies in your own, or your father’s library,,and, tell.jf you can find a case of a man, distinguished ,for. greatness and goodness, who allowed s'ubh to enter his mind, No; such men prize a good watch ful mother, obey her. goodly,maxims as long as they live, and teach them to per children. Ton are " too big” to. dispbey your mother, bat don’t allow yourself, mjffdear.boy to become such a monster of iniquity! ari to be “ too big O.iuind a good mother. . . Solemn, scpliulchraUs the character impress- j cd on the mind by a traveler’svisit to the An- i dent City at Sunset. Herp is a city still to the i ■eye extensive and populous,' but novoice arises . from-its wide area fuul tlio liIT!-S and valleys around. - The evening breeze''rustles among its hoary trees,, sweeping sadly .the black rocky surface of (he ground. Tho red light glances over the city, touching its domes and minarets with a last dyiiig gleam,.andtithe dreary hills are brokeninto grand roasses-.of purple and Ver million. while the glen, .below, where sleep mil lions of the .sons of Israel, and the sad groves which shrouded the rigdhy of Obrtet, are-sinking into the shades of night.; Such;is the hour to visit Jerusalem; 1 alone,''seated,,under, some an-, oient tree, a roemotiaLoEyiaatcjbilidcn of.lier glo- Vy and guilt. Then lookingcastward oyer the fair horizon, Moab and the desert, glowing;in, tho BOnts Inst raj'S, oompleto_the;'indellible im pressions of a scene, that for.utSiassociations is unequalled ih the world. Our s.utypy of Olivet would he incomplete without-visaing Bethany, (which is in fact at its castefH s extremity,) the village into which Jesus so often retired to visit the hospitable family of Lazarus. The jpath continues from the crest .of Olivet, and, ns we lose sight Of Jerusalem, presents us with a suc cession of pleasing landscapes.! The approach is through the open corn fields; the white roofs of the sequestered village are, seen among tile groves of olives, which mark nearly the extre mity of cultivation, before we reach the solitude of the desert. There arc,-on the right, the re mains of a beautiful building of the middle ages, and on the bleak hills beyond, the more extensive ruins of a castle or convent, overlook ing the Dead Sea and the Moab Mountains. In the village is shown a tomb y-hich.tradition lias selected as tfcpf Lazarus. ;The pilgrim will linger about spot, recalling the walks through tho corn fields; where Jesus plucked the ears of corn by the wayside, or im ngining the sister of Lazarus coming forth to meet him, and conduct him to the tomb of Ins friend. Of all the walks to Jerusalem, this to Bethany over the Mount of Olives, is the most picturesque in itself, and most-pleasing in its recollections. Christianity humbles the most menial em ployments in life, and the servant in the kitchen may have God as truly as the minister in the pulpit. The motive and the aim pf life are of more importance than the condition. The fol lowing story by old Hugh Latimer is an illus- -.ration: We read a pretty story of St- Anthony, who, being in the wilderness, led there hard and straight life, insomuch as none at that time did the like: to whom a voice came from heaven Sft - n Anthonv, thou art not SO, perfect as is a cobbler that dwelleth at Alexandria. Anthony, hearing this, rose up forthwith, and went till he came to Alexandria, where he found the cobbler. The cobbler was astonished to sec so reverend a father come to his house. Then Anthony said to him : . •■Come, and tell me thy whole.conversation, and how thou spendest thy time. 8 «• Sir ” said the cobbler. “ as-for mo. good f spend ''the day in getting • n.nd I keep mo from (ill falsehood, for o do deceitfulness: wherefor”, wlfen i make to anymanaprom.se I keen it, and perform it truly, and thus I snend P my time poorly, with ,my wife and chil dren. whom I teach and itistroct.aafaras my wit will servo me, to dread sin. And this is the sum of my simple life.” The Juvenile Chinese. .—The _Chinese have, in general, so much precocity of judgment and intelligence, that they are capable of attending to serious business at an age -when European children think only of play: and though some what inclined to moroseness and melancholy, the juvenile inhabitants of the Oolcstml Empire are early accustomed to the realities of life. The children of the great towns soon learn to understand commercial affairs, industrial specu lations, and moreover all the knaveries of stock jobbing ; and the children of the countrj; know perfectly well how much a field of rice will pro duce, and calculate as well as any grown men the profits derivable from the culture of the mul berry or tea plant. These little materialists ap pear to have somewhat withered hearts, and are by no means remarkable for candor and simpli city • they have seldom any aspirations towards generous ideas, or noble sentiments, and one may see in the very look of theif narrow, oblique little eyes, the indications of roguery, cupidity, [ and cunning. Too Big to obejf n Mother, Jerusalem at Sunset. Piety lu Humble life. Science Answering Simple Questions. Why is rain water soil 7 Because It is not impregnated with earth and minerals. Why is it more easy to wash with soft water than with hard? Because soft water unites freely with soap, and dissolves it instead of de composing it, ns hard water does. Why do wood ashes make hard water soft 7 Ist. Because the carbonic acid of wood ashes combines with the sulphate of lime in thehard water, and converts into chalk; 2d. Mood ashes convert some of.the soluble salts of wa ter into insoluble, and throws them down ns a sediment, by which the water remains more Why lias rain water such an unpleasant smell when it is collected in a rain tub or tank 7 Be cause it is impregnated witii decomposed orga nic matters washed from the roofs, trees, or,tlie casks in which it is collected. Why does water molt salt 7 Because very minute particles of water insinuate themselves into the pore's of the salt by capillary attrac tion, and force the crystals apart from each other. ... ~ How does blowing hot food make them cool 7 It causes the air which has been heated by food, to change more rapidly, and give place to fresh cold air. , ' , , . , Why do ladies fan themselves in hot weather t That fresh particles of air ’ may bo brought in contact with their faces by the action of the fan; and,as every fresh particle of air absorbs some heat from the skin, Ibis constant change makes them cool. Docs a fun cool thoalr? No, it makes, uio air hotter, by imparting to it the heat ’of bur face ; but cools our face by transferring its heat to the air. ■ ’’ . Why is there alwayaa strong draught through the key hole of a door 7 Because the air in the room wo occupy is warmer than the air in the hall; therefore the air from the hall rushes through the key hole into the room, and causes a draught. . ... Why is there always a stronger draught under the door and through the crevice on each side 7 Because the cold air rushes from the hall to supply tlio void in the room caused by the es cape of warm air up the chimney, fee. Why is there always a draught through the window crevices 7 Because the external air, being colder than the air of the room wo occn-' py, rushes through the window crevices to sup ply the deficiency caused by the escape of .the warm air up the chimney, &c. ■ _ If you open the lower sash of a window there is more draught than if you' open the upper sash..- Explain the reason of this. If the lower sash be open, cold external air will rush freely into the room and cause a draught inward ; but if the upper sash be open tho heatedair-of the ropni will rush out, and of course there will bo less draught inward. ' • ■ ... , By which means is a room better ventilated, —by opening the upper or lower sash 7 A room is better ventilated by opening th.o upper sash; because the hot, vitiated air, which always as cends towards the 1 ceiling, can escape-moio easily. ■ ' 1 ■ t Bywhdt means is a llot room more quickly cooled—by opening the upper ordower. sash 7 A hot room is c'ooled more quickly by the low. er sash, because the cold air, can enter more Iteoly at the' lower paft of the room than at the upper. .. „ Why does the; wind dry damp linen? Be cause dry wind, like a dry sponge, imbibes the particles of vapor from the surface of the linen as fast as they are formed. Which,is the hottest place in a church or cha pel? Tlio gallery. Why is the gallery of all public places hotter than the lower .parts of the building? Because the air of the building ascends, and all the cold air which can enter through the doors and win, d'ows keeps to' the floor till it. has become heat cd* ' , . Why do plants often grow out of walls and towers? Either because the wind blew the seed there with the dust; or else because some bird, flying over, dropped the seed there, which it had lormorly oaten. -- ’ Heart .Disease, When an individual is reported to have died of a “Disease of, the Heart,” wo are in the ha bit of regarding it ,as an inevitable event, as something which could not have been foreseen or prevented, and it is too much the habit, when persons suddenly fall down dead, to report the heart” as the cause; this silences all inquiry and investigation, and saves tho trouble and in convenience-of a repulsive “post mortem.” — A truer report would hav.o a tendency to 1 save many lives. It is through a report of “ disease of tho heart,” that many an opium eater is lot off into tho grave, which covers at once his folly and his crime; the brandy drinker too, quietly slides round tho corner thus, and is heard of no moroi in short this “report” of “ disease of tho heart,” is tho mantle of chari ty, which tho politic coroner, and the sympa. thetio physician throw around the grave of “gon toolpeople.” - . At a late scientific congress at Strasmirg, it was reported, that of sixly-six persons who had suddenly died, an immediate and faithful post mortem showed that only two persons had any heart affection whatever: one sudden death only, in thirty-three, Irom disease of the heart. Nino out of sixty-six died of apoplexy,.one out of every seven, while more than two out of three, died of lung affections, half of them of « congestion of tho longs,” that is, the lungs were so full of blood, they could not work, there was not room for air enough to get in to support life. ', ' . . It is then of considerable practical interest to know some of tho common every day causes ot this “congestion of the lungs,” a disease which, the figures-above being true, kill three times as many persons at short warning, as apoplexy and, heart disease together. Cold feet; tight shoes: tight clothing: costive bowels: sitting still until chilled through and through after having been warmed up by labor or a long or hasty walk ; going too suddenly from a close heated room, as a lounger or listener or speaker, while tho body is weakened by continued application or abstinence, or boated by the effort ol a long ad dress; these are the fruitful, the very iruitlul causes of sudden death'in the form of ‘ .conges tion of the lungs;” but which being falsely rcr ported as “ disease of tho heart,” and regarded as an inevitable event, throws people off their guard instead of pointing them plainly to tho true causes, all ot which arc avoidable, and very easily so, as a general rule, when tho mind has boon once intelligently drawn to tho subject.— Hall’s Journal of Health. THE “Blockade op Boston.” —Just before the breaking out of tho Revolutionary War, and the arrival.of a strong reinforcement to the Bri tish army in Boston, tho drama received a con. aiderablo Impetus, .General Burgoyno was a dramatic author, and upon his arrival in Boston, to relievo tho tedium of a soldier’s life, he pro. duced a drama, called “ Tho Blockade ol Bos ton.” Tho English army, at tho time, was be loagured in the city, by tho American mllilln, and tho piece was written with a view of inspir ing his men with a duo contempt for the Yan kees. It is related, that during one perform, anoo of tho “Blockade of Boston,” pfobably in March,' 1770, prior to the evaculion of the city, a very curious scone occurred. In one of its merriest scenes, a sergeant, without his hat. and in tho wildest confusion, suddenly rushed on tho stage, and shouted in a voice of thunder, “ tho rebels—the rebels—they’re attacking tho neck 1” which tho audience supposing to bo a part of tho piece, applauded very loudly, being struck with tho soldier’s highly natural acting, A. few minutes afterwards, the heating of drums served to break the illusion, and tho scampcrjug off of tho actors put an end to the play. e. up jA - AT §2,00 PER ANNUM. ■\Vlio Paid tor the Kiss. A stout drover, on his way to the capital with twenty or thirty beeves, passed by a farmer s houso, in tile front of which happened to stand a remarkably buxom, blooming woman, the far mer’s wife. Inflamed with the sudden passion of admiration the dusty-looted traveller ap proached the motionless beauty, and, not know ing bow else to enter into conversation,,asked, for a glass of water. It was willingly brought to him i but, in returning the glass, he suddenly threw his arms around her, pressed her close to his heart jusd gave her the most sonorous of un mislakablflSkisses. Which fury appeased, the rough customer once more overtook his cat tle. The farmer was in the field not far on, and, to call him and make enraged report of the pro* ceedings was the work of as few minutes as pos sible. Instantly unhitching the plow-horse, the injured husband mounted and rode alter the in : vader of liis rights, overtook and tempestuously accused him.. . . , , The guiltv pnrlciper was not going to Helena himself, however. On the contrary he confess ed humbly that ho was in tho wrong—regretted that ho could not give back to tho lady the kiss lie had so culpably taken from herwithout her permission—but pleaded lor pardon on the ground that the temptation was too strong for human resistance. -She was too boantifu.. Would not tho wronged spouse compromise— sav for five dollars, or so ?■ '. Between the compliment to Ins wife and the sight of tho pocket book, tho injured husband was mollified—took a ten dollar bill—gave back a ‘-five,” dor change, and returned, thinking himself, on tho whole, no poorer for the trans action. In which frame of mind he remained, till, on bringing tho ten dollar bill to light ogam, for a purchase, a fortnight afterwards, ho found that it was a counterfeit! Five dollars for the kiss, but who paid for it ? The FnisrEffects op the War—'We arc now beginning to learn some of the first horrors of the fearful war waging in Italy. The Ana trinns Are laying All bare .and desolate them. The contributions and exactions in the shape of rations for the support of the troops are such as completely to strip all the towns and villages and farms of the country through which they pass- <*To use. the words of the sa cred poet, •• Before them is ns the garden of the Lord, and behind them isa desolate wilderness. ’ In all this there is a two-fold object to be ac complished. Of course, it diminishes the ex pense of the war to Austria, and for a tune makes the enemy bear the burden and brunt of supporting both sides. But. besides this, it exhausts the country of the enemy and their means of supporting the allied army when they may want to comb to attack the provinces of Lombardy and Venice and wrest them from the Austrians. These provinces are, too, thus kept fresh and unexhausted in their rear to fall back upon in case of necessity. This course, it may be said, is absolutely necessary in the present state of the Austrian finances, and the only I thing that can Save them from ruin while car rying on a war with a bankrupt treasury. But it is (rightful to think of the sutlcrings and ex tortions Bins brought upon, thousands of.peace ful and innocent families; lor the penalty of non-compliance in the course of a lew hours with the most enormous and almost unheard of demands, is the giving up of the district to “the discretion of the soldiery. ” None need be told that this is with an Austrian soldiery murder, torment,"rapine—all the evils of fire and sword and famine, and evils far worse even than these are the alternatives of non-compliance. It is true that it was thus the first Napoleon carried on his wars, and even replenished the cullers of France while in a state of war with all the world, so that his finances never gave way even to the very last. But the Austrian Government has not the genius of cither Napo leon in matters of-financo, and it must and will i raise up against itself such an intolerable ha tred and honor in every civilized homo, that it will probably wake up in Italy and throughout Europe- the' desperate leeling that, however qtlesgpnab'e the motives and conduct of the French and Sardinians may appear to somo.it is impossible things can be worse, and hardly possible but that they should be belter than under Austrian rule. It may be true, also., that though Austria may have declared war, Sardinia provoked it, and, therefore, deserves this sort of retribution: nor do we doubt that there is often a sort of retributive providence in ibesc matters, scatter ing the nations, that delight in war. and by which those who take the sword perish by the sword. But it is Austria no.w that, by taking the sword thus fiercely at the first onset, is preparing a terrible retribution for herself, by and by, when the war reaches her own fertile valleys in Lombardy. A single repulse that shall drive the Austrians behind the line of the Ticino, and it will bo. the turn of the French and Sardinians to retaliate, and every family attached to the House of Hapsburg will have to retire with the army, or become the subject of some horrible fate. .Wc have boasted of the civilization of the Nineteenth century ns diminishing the horrors of war, but it seems destined in each age to be come more terrible as the powers of men become greater when the passions only are sufficiently aroused. It is. however, well to hear in mind that such atrocities do not contribute to even tual success. It was Wellington’s system of paying for every thing, and hanging pp all who would not respect private property, that caused his camp to be well supplied, when that of his enemy was bare, in the Peninsula, cam paign. It was in like manner the gallant con duct of the American troops, during the war with Mexico, that made the inhabitants receive them so cordially, and enabled them to march, step by step, through a' country with which they were at war, ns if at peace, till they reach ed the city of Mexico and the Halls of Montezu ma. When in the history of the world before was there ever a people who offered inducements to their conquerors to remain in their country after the war was over.— Public Ledger. Louis Nai-olkon in 1810—Tho German pa pers, which sympathize with Austria in tho pre sent war, are digging out of tho lumber ol tiro past some of the facts which show Louis Napo leon’s antecedents anti his opinions in earlier life. Tho following is one of those reproduced to prove how valueless his expressed opinions am: Proclamation of IBs Majesty the French Em. peror, Napoleon 111, on landing at Bologna, 1840. I appear among you as a warm and true Demo, crat and Republican. I take tho shaded' of. tho naan ot tlicf century as tho symbol of tho pro mise which I now solemnly make. I will bo, as I always was, a child of Franco. In every Frenchman I will ever see a brother. Tho Do. inocratic Republic la tho object of ray adoration, and I will bo hor minister. Never will I.try to clothe thyself in Imperial roles. May my heart cease to heat on tho day when I shall forget what I owe to yon—what I owe to France. May my mouth lorever bo shut if 1 over say a word against tho Republican sovereignty of the Fionoh people. May Ibo cursed, should I suf fer that m my name doctrines wore taught, con trary to tho Democratic principle and tho govern ment of (ho Republic. May I. bo condemned; if I should lay a treasonable hand against tho rights of tho people, bo it even with their con sent, or against thoir will, by force. And now believe me, as I do believe you, and may this call from mo bo like a prayer to heaven.— Vice ,la Rcpubliqne ! To Acqnilre a.Beaiifiifiil Form. ' Take abundant exercise in the open air—freh, attractive, joyous ekcrcise. such as younggirls —when pot restrained by artificial proprieties —are ttotu id take. If you are in thecountry, ‘or can gel' there, ramble over the hills and thro the woodlands; botanize, geologise, seek Taro flowers and platits; hunt bird nests, ftnfl chase butterflies. Be a lump, even though you may be no longer little girl. Tf you arc a wife and a mother, so much the better. ~ Romp with your children. Attend also to yoUr bodily .po sitions in standing, silling, lying, and walking,' and employ such general or special gymnastics as your case tnay require- Live, while in doors in well ventilated rpoms; lakcsulßcient whole-, some and nourishing food, at regular hours; keep the mind active and cheerful, in short, obey all the lafrS bf health,„ ■ Tpkc a lesson from the English girl, as de scribed in the following extract: ••The English girl spends more than onc-half of her walking hours in physical amusements: that is. in amusements which tend to develops, and'invigorate, and ripen the bodily' powers. She rides, walks, drives, rows upon the water, runs, dances, plays, swings, jumps the rope, throws the ball, hurls the quoit, draws the bow; beeps up the shuttlecock, and all this .without having it forever impressed upon her mind tbit she is thereby wasting her time. She does this every day, until it becomes a habit, which she will follow up through life. Her frame, as it. necessary consequence, is larger, her muscular system better developed, her nervous system,in subordination to the physical, her strength more enduring, and the whole lone of her mind healthier." Sho-may not know as much at the age of seventeen as does the American girl; as a general thing she docs not, but the growth df her intellect lias been stimulated by no hothouse culture, and though maturity comes- later, it will last proporlionably longer.” —Hints toward Physical Perfection. . , ' NO. 52. No power can boast of such ft body of cavaV ry as Austria. It is enormous in number. The horses are excellent— well bred, handy, active and courageous. ■ • The men are bold ■ riders, good swordsmen, and better still are the right weight, and are recruited in great part from twd' of the greatest equestrian nations in the world, the Poles nmfTlrmgarinns. In her service, the monstrosity so often'witnessed in France, of a : giant of two hundred pounds weight, ladeif with arms and .acoulremcnts, astride of a beast not much bigger than himself, is never witness ed. In short, the AiistrinnUhlrn or Hussar is the model light cavalry man of the world.- Small. light, wiry, active, indefatigable, a rider from his cradle.’ his bridle in his heels, and his hand, eye and heart on his sabre, indefatigable in the march : swift in the charge, everywhere' by turns and nowhere long, it may- be almost said that the Hungarian ntissnr, now that the Turkish spahi is’a,thing of the past, is the only light cavalry, in fact the only cavalry in exis tence. His cuts are as fatal and sure as other I men’s thrusts. His horse is part of himself: riding and lighting archils pastime. In former days ho was .the glory and boast of the Austri an* army. Those gay swarms of hardy little men which it shot from its aides on the march,- were its surest aids in vic.ory, its best Safe-, guards in defeat. , . AH- this, however, goes down before the En field rifle tind’the .Armstrong gun. Bet the horse be ever soswift, the sabre ever so sharp, or the rider ever so hold, the conical hull is too’ much fur him. .A charge of cavalry upon, ar body of properly armed infamry bids fair to bo henceforward impossible. Two hundred yards has been fixed by the best authority as tile pro per charging distance, and in by-gone days" itr.. wns only at (.wo hundred yards that the tiro q£ a square began, to tell, and saddles, to. be cm po lled. But now-a-days the iron rain palters pit . the horscrapn before they get .within half a mile of 11ic.10e.;.. If thpyjiuiiiken thcirtmce to closp!; the maddest chai-go will not bring a dragoon horSo on the bayoiut in less limn Three minutes, nndwhen he nrrive.S he is blown and disabled. •When he arrives”—if he arrives, wo should say: fur even in'lfhvcrsing eight hundred yards at the top of liis speed; he receives half a dozen volleys from practised sharp shooters. To send cavalry on such service will;- we may safely predict, henceforward be, considered madness. The foot soldier has of swifter messenger in his cartouche box than the fleetest Hussar,'and Austria loses her most efficient weapon. 1. Never put oil till to-morrow what you can do to day. ■. 2. Never trouble others for what you cap do yourself. 3. Never buy what you do hot want bccausfl it is cheap. I 4. Never spend your money before you have 5. Pride costs us more than hunger, thirst/ and co'd. 1 6. Wc never repent eating too little. ■ ... 7. Nothing is troublesome that wo do Wil- lingly. 8, How much pain have those evils cost;utf (bat never happened. ; 9. Take things always by their smooth-han dle. 10. When angry*, cpiiht ten before you spent; if very nngfy.a bandied. , “Little Mary,” as she Was always called, was the light and joy of. her home, and the cherished, pet of the-neighborhood where slit* lived. She was a beautiful child, and needed no embellish ment from fiction to endear her to thb membr.y of those who knew and loved her while here. To cheeks blooming with the rosy hue of health, thoughtlul dark blue eyes, and hair of golden* brown, which added a loving, confiding dispo sition, and a childish gracefulness of manner; which made her peculiarly attractive, and the seriousness of her sweet face, ns she sat by her mother in the church, was remarked by all who observed her. Little Mary loved her book, though to young to learn to read. She had one that was a spec-; ial'favorite witli her, and would sit-gazing ill-; tcmlv at the pictures as one byorrfc they came beneath her eye, ns if she would learn all that they were intended to convey. There was one of the pictures a harp, an’d the lined beneath' ft were—; .. “H is for hr.rp, when to Heaven wc soar, God's praise shall resound from one harps cvct- One Sunday her mother was showing her the pictures in the little book, and rinding the ver ses connected With them; when this one seemed to arrest her attention,' and after looking at it for some time, she said, in her sweet, childish voice, “May I play on the harp when I goes to' heaven I’’ . ' It was but a few days after this that she was seized with sudden illness, and grew rapidly worse, till the following morning, when she peacefully fell asleep, and the - ’. angels cornea her in their arms to heaven, where she is now praising God on a harp of gold; ivhile her pre cious dust lies in a country church'-yard, and her little friends who still cherish her mem ory, delight to go and scatter fiesh flowers on her grave. A voice speaking from her tomb’ says, "VVe shall meet again. ’ . ■ An Englishman; observed a alono roll down a staircase. It bumped on every stair till It came to the bottom: there, pi course, it rest ed. r. That stone,” daidjiq, ••ipsbpiblos tho na tional debt of my country! it has. bumped ori every grade of the conitnuttity* ,bul Its weight fesls on tbo lowest.” K 7" Many a true heart that would have pome bait, like tho dove to tho ark, alter (he first transgression, lias boon frighteiied beyond VO. dull by the angry menace, the taunt, the savage charity of ah' unforgiving wOVld; [Q- Mr. Ten Brack has thus far this BPAsog Won two races in England,' the last of which hi gained' with his celebrated English filly, Belle: The Austrian Cavalry. Jefferson’s Rules of llf(. ••Little Mary.” more.”
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers