Shecotnos with fairy footsteps; ' Softly their echoes fall; - elniihar shadow plays like a summer shade the garden wall. JpjSSStoldon light ip dancing bright, "' T ' 1 the mazes’of her hair, tor fair young locks are waving free the wooing of the air. sportful fawn she boundeth fleefully along, did young bird she caroleih burden of a song. ■ immer flowers are clustering thick und her dancing feet; m her cheek the summer breeze reathing soft and sweet. iry sunbeam seems to linger vo (bat holy bead, re wild flowers at her coming ir richest fragrance shed, i! how lovely light and fragrance ;Ie in the life within. jw fondly do they ncstlo md the soul that knows no sin I imes, the spirit of our childhood— ling of mortalbirth, taring still a breath of heaven, tdeeni her from the earth, mes in bright r robed innocence, )ilpd by blot or blight, issoth' by our’ wayward path, tarn of angel light. sssed things arc children! gifts ot heavenly love) itand betwixt our worldly heart better things above, ink us with the spirit world ,By purity and truth, • And keep our hearts still fresh and young With the presence of their youth. si ffiWianwmjs. . DANGERS OP. SLATING. - ;orresporid«nt of tho can, writing'from a town skating is all thu rage, tolis about his ad es on the ice with Mary. ‘ him: ■ WHO MABY IS. ,t is as pretty a piece of humanity in the it' a woman as yon could find this side of i. Such eyes! such hail ! such teeth. 1 ir hand! Well now, there! . I think it it (jhe smallest, the whitest—why ivory is I v , «.y it. And her foot was like a little white isi|dsebUd, its snowy leaves just showing enough ""t off the neat covering that concealed the *lrow profane eyes. It did not seem a foot, to saw it repose.in its tiny kid slipper, like oary hU'd initsuest. ...... , _ ' MABY UAS TUB SEATUrtI FEVEtt. ell, sir, this Mary caught the skating fever bis now raging so fearfully. I hoard her 368 a wish for a pair ol skates, and the next ho bad the host pair that could he found in lilyj and nobody knew who sent them to ‘ IrerrT-but bless me how my hided boils at the i thoughtof the consequences. .' > , MABY PUTS HEB FOOT IN IT. fev.vTVojwont down upon the ice, and there that of a Mary just sat quietly do'wn, or. teWH* 1110 on my knees, and quietly placed that Ille foot > tllc P oetic myth, in my lap, and Mgjm.me put on her skate. Sir! had Venus down from Heaven,, and hid me rub jS'Bgfjdoivn with rotten stone and oil, it could not gjlJStiy'e astonished hie more than when that divjne K’ lot was placed in my unworthy lap. Xfeit very lint—but I buckled on. the skates, and stood I p, with Mary by iny side. \ TUB JIAOUELOIt’s It BAD SWIMS. o liHavo you ever taught a woman to skate I No; (.Jgl'.Jtell, let mo tell you. You’ve been In a room ■" ■ irKped with mirrors, haven’t you 1 ' You’ve seen " with a few bits of old glass, &c,, r, ,*n.a tin tube, and turning it have seen all sorts sp,of bcuutiful figures. Just imagine a Ualeido ;deo6pe, and in place of beads and broken glass, ;’'please substitute blue eyes, curving eye.lashes, i lips, ivory, wavy liair, crinoline, gaiter boots, ||||;vzephr,worsted, cupid, hearts, darts, a clap of BiS' thaud.or, a flash of lightning, and «auld Nick.”. jM Traagfne yourself the center of a system, with alp'these things revolving around you, and a hank breathing sighs upon you all the ■ and yon have Mary and her victim in the lesson. tx : ,,&*&F EO - 3 w tox PIT OP ms STOMACH. fc ' ;I - just let me try to describe our perform- K ' ances.'.rMaiy and I start—she on my left arm, All square. tiOfd have mercy on my poor puz- K' aled brain while I try to unravel the stirred and ME’ mixed rainbow of sights and sentiments. First, ■K Mary's dear little gaiter boots present them- Selves to my astonished vision, and, before I had time to wonder how they canjo up before the, I.feel them pressing their blessed beauty, 1 wlth empliasis, into the pit of my stomach. V V'p|l:UABY PITCHES INTO HIM GENERALLY. Neit scene—wavy hair, with a thirty dollar i bonnet and a divine head, comes pitching into mywajstcoat, with suoli force that I ioel the Huttons against my spine. Next—Mary gazes ’ u mo lrom between my jack-boots, and anon i , hetisbtessed little nose is thrust into the bosom Ah! mylliend, all research and :; £tsby on the mysterious subject of woman has >W®«tP 0 mP ar ‘di v 'oly in vain, till in this eventful .7#.C.WV1859, the fashion oi skating has opened and varied sources of information. MABY SUBDUES HIM. Dear. Mary! I offered myself to her every time she turned up, or come round. lam hers h(itl wish to enter my solemn protest before’ the world, that sho alone could not have co’n quored me.; But who could hold out, when ~ surrounded by an army of Marys on skates ?' I -in hers! —but I’m awful sore] Ah! I liavo Biarned something. Cupid makes -bachelors" gnder, as cooks do tough steaks by hammering nd pounding. The Liquor Seilers of Muscatine, lowa, ,up a meeting at the Court House, onoovcn fog last'wcek-, as,wo learn from tho lowa Jour. \ agt, for the purpose of denouncing certain movements on the part of some of tho citizens ‘ toward enforcing tho liquor law. The friends of the Jaw rallied to the meeting, as well aa the ; friends ,df “free whiskey,” and they so outnum befed' and out-manoeuvred the latter, that the ' result bf the meeting wds an endorsement of the liWor law of the State, and a recommenda tion to the City Council to see the law enforced The getters-up of the meeting wore deeply mor’ ' tided at this result, so directly opposed lo what they had,calculated on. , IpTT Tie only cure for hopeless affection is to discardthoarticlo for one having a reasonable quantity of hope. Thus, if Silly Jones rejects yonrtender suit, because she is in love with tho knock-kneed barbar opposite, it will never do #0 talk about pistols, arsenic, and coffins. On the contrary, you must draw on your Sunday S'i.SWt, extend your aidormanic dignity by a din , npr of corned beef and cabbage and go right S?” 1110 Susan Snooks, who will teacli you that ; : : , ; |horo-aro m °ro things 'twist heaven and earth i.jfhan you have ever seen-elsewhere. Taken . qwmplo and see.- VOLUNTEER . THURSDAY MOENIHQ BY B. Bratton. , RMS. 10 Dollar and Fifty Cents, 'O Dollars it paid within the irs and Fifty Cents,-if not Those terms will Jbo rig ivory jiiijtanco. No suh jd until'.all arrearages ate don of the Editor. •Accompanied by the o asu, no square, will be inserted lollar, and twenty-five cents isertion. Those of a great ion. ;h as Hand-bills, Posting iks, Labels, &c., &c. } exc md.at the shortest notice. iml iE BOSE. Advice Respecting'tub Evesiout Too strong a light in a sleeping-room is bad, espe cially if the bed'is opposite tho window; for to wake suddenly out of sleep, with a strong gla. ring light upon the eyes, cannot hut eventually injure the strongest ond most healthy sight; and, Where it is naturally weak, or there be any here ditary disposition towards a debility in the or gans, this custom must of course cxerciso very pernicious effects. Persons waking from sleep should have the eye prepared by a subdued hgbt first; and if the sight .be good, the time occupied ip partially dressing will be quite suffl. cient to prepare the organs lor meeting a strong er body of ,light. .This is especially to ho re membered.in, summer, hem, .the chamber has an eastern aspect. -, -, ~ Whatever work you be engaged'in, let the light fall on it, and always keep yourself in the Shade. Place your back, then, to the window, if reading by daylight—when the light wilt, of course, fall upon the object. When writing, geta si.de light if possible; but if you .have a 1 front light, as under a window, shade It a little, bringing only its rays on tho paper, or let the top of the head form the shade. In tho same way, with a candle or lamp, throw the light upon , tho paper, and do, not let tho glare of light go direct to your eyes. If the light ho above you, as from a chandelier, so much the better. If in ! the habit of using the telescope, try, if possible, to keep botli eyes open, tor by shutting the op- ' posito one to that used with the glass, the sight 1 is strained, and ultimately weakened. ! 1 We Can't Stand it.—No, we not submit to have our sex slandered by the minx, Fanny. Fern, as in the following: Men s Eves .wile Wander.—Show but a strip of white stocking above your boots or a bit Of an embroidered skirt, or a Balmoral, and you may lead a New Yorker by the nose all over Manhattan, though all Wall street stand waiting for him. • I have positively seen gen tlemen stand at the ferry gates when their arms were half broken with bundles, eagerly bobbing their heads this way and that, to catch a sight of the gaiter boots as they alighted from tho various omnibuses. Andnofcyoung men either; but gray headed old codgers, who bad “grand pa” written all over them. . “Why should a woman care about it, if her ancles be pretty ?” “Care?” It may be just possible, that if an exhibition is fore-ordained and inevitable, she may prefer to choose her audience. Eveev Man’s AuTonroqaAeux.—Every man is actually engagod, day by day, in writing that autobiography which neither time nor eternity will efface, it may bo written in high places or m low, in public remembrance or in .tho honest heart ot domestic affection; but wo aro writing fast, we are writing sure,wo are writingfor eternity.. Happy is ho who, through tho grace of God assisting records such lessons of kind ness, truth and wisdom, that when ho is gone, ho will he held in grateful remembrance; hap pier still to have one’s name written in the jamb’s Book of Eife; and when every memorial and monument of his earthly histofy has per ished, ho nfay ascend with tho Son of God Ip honoT, glory, and immortality. Affliction.—Wo argue, <*Caunot G<jd, bring us to Heaven with case and prosperity?” Who doubts but lie can 7 but; hi's infinite AvVsdbm or doreth the contrary j and thougbvwe CanUot aoe the reason, yet he hath the n^tfSt : jusfc reason. • It ia your part now to believe; shd- suffer, and hope, and >vait on. Whether God conies to his ■children with a rod orwitbacrowh,if.hecomes himself with it, it is well. Welcome, welcome,; Jesus, what way soever- thou come; if wo get a jsjgnt of thee. 1 And sure lamit is better to be •sick, providing Christ come to the bedside, and say, “Courage, I am thy salvation,” than to en joy health, and never bo visited by God.—Ruth ‘CTjord* Tbe Meuout op a JforiiEn When tempta tion appears, and we are almostr persuaded to do wrong, how often a mother’s words of warn ing will bo recalled to mind and tho snare bro ken. Yea, the memory ol a good mother has saved many a poor mortal from going astray. Long grass may be growing over tho hallowed spot whore all her earthly remains repose. The dying leaves of autumn may be whirled ovorit, or tho chili white mantle of winter cover it from sight, yet tho spirit of her, when he. walks in the right path, appears, and gently, sadly, mournfully, calls to him when wandering off in to ways of error and of crime. An Eastern, editor says that a man got himself into trouble by marrying two wives’. A Western editor replies by assuring his cotempo rary that a good many men in that section have done the same thing by marrying one. A North ern editor retorts that quite a number of his acquaintances found trouble enough, by baroiy promising to marry, without going any further. CT'A lady beating a tune on a table, asked another, if she knew what she played! “ I do, answered she, “you play tho fool". y ° u beat mo > 11,1 call out the sol dlcra,” says the drum* tii #l*l f tiii BY JOHN B. BRATTON. YOL. 45. 4 Lion at Large on Board Ship. The Himalaya, screw troopship. Commander ecombo) arrived at Spithehead on the < in, from the Mediterranean. Sho left Malta on the 21th uU., and Tangiers on the 30th, ba vmg proceeded thither to ship a number of pre sents to her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain front the Emperor of Morocco. Those presents consists of one lion, one leopard,' one butfalp, one antelope, ten Arab horses, and six ostriches, together with several cases 61 valuable shawls, silks and curiosities. An alarming incident oc curred on the Himalaya’s passage home. On the 2d inst., owing to some carelessness on the part of his keeper (a Moor), the lion, a lull- grown animal burst through bis cage door and speedily cleared tho deck of human beings. As may be imagined, the utmost consternation was occasioned on board tho ship, and the passen gers and crow took the speediest' measures (or their safety, the latter taking refuge in the rig ging of fho vessel. Tho king of the forest and pr.i fern of the ship also, condescended in his short perambulation to “smell” the buffalo whd was tied up in an adjoining stall, and the latter showed fight by making a vigorous butt at his Majesty, who resented the attack by floor ing his opponent with one stroke of the paw.— The lion, it is said, had command of the deck fbr some time; until a rope was thrown over his head and hauled tout. The animal struggled to free himself, but bis legs were secured, and he was hauled back to his den. ‘But for the energy and courage thus displayed some mischief might have occurred; as it was, tho lion was not se cured until ho had,received some heavy blows on tho head with a marliaspike. Amauantu Prints. — A correspondent of the United States EconomUt says in relation to this new stylo of prints s Tho proper title for the new .color, now so much in vogue, is Tyrari or “ KomaU Purple,” it being precisely the same as that -worn by tho potentates of the East; and afterwards adopted by tho Homan Emperors. The Phoenicians were the dyers of the color, and they probably drove a good business, for Plutarch states that it sold at. $5OO tho pound. They obtained it from a Mediterranean shell called Mure.x ” and hence the mo.dorn drug. (wAich however,’is Obtained from guano) is called “Murexide.”— The groat difficulty has been to produce tho color at a price sufficiently low to allow of a general use. This modern chemistry has at length effected, and probably of a quality and brilliancy, much superior, to that displayed in tho royal robes of Persia or Rome. California Justice. A correspondent of Harper's Magazine gives the following specimen of tho way in which justice is meted out in California: “ Our town has long been infested with a set of loafers and gamblers, who have been a scourge to tho quiet citizens and a terror to the public officers. On the election of J B- , last fall, to the office of Justice of the Peace he determined to deal with them “as the law di rects. While walking up tho main street he heard an altercation in one of the saloons, and going in saw two of the sporting fraternity ‘• pitching in" to each other. Without waiting for warrant or constable, he immediately col lared the largest and must pugnacious of the two. and requested him to “ walk up to the of fice and settle.” This he refused to do; where upon the Squire took him by the. throat, and held him till the blood started from mouth and nostrils. Thinking that sufficient argument in favor of •• law and order,” the Squire let go his hold,, and again requested his company. He again refused to go; whereupon our energetic Squire took him up in bis arms and carried him to the office, called tho Court to order, and fined the sporting man forty dollars, which he paid. The ■“ Court then adjourned with the remark, “Gentlemen, that is whatT call even handed justice" I “ concurred” in that opin ion.” ' “Always Forward.” In the terrible battle of JSloliuo del Rev, 1 Which immediately preceded the fall of Mexico, ■ 1 Colonel Graham was ordered up from the re serve to carry a battery, from which a column i American troops had already been repulsed, i ™ho gallant eleventh, at their leader’s cry .of “ forward, ”• raised a hurrah, it is said, rand , dashed ahead. As they dashed along over the bodies of their fallen comrades, tho batteries opened, tearing their ranks frightfully; and ob scuring the prospect with smoke.. “ Forward! Forward !’’ cried Colonel Graham. Again tho grape, and cannister came crashing from the Mexican parapets, Six bullets,struck the'Co loiicl. Yet still he shouted “ forward!” ’At last a seventh shot proved fatal. But ha ho reeled before he fell, he waved his sword, hud cried again, “ forward! my word is always forward..'” His men swept onward like a tor rent, tho story goes, carried the enemy’s guns, planted the stars and stripes on the disputed w iF 3 ' ' s P° ss 'hle that those gallant words; “ Forward! forward.! always forward !”-' alono saved the day. No man knows what .danger he can,safely pass, what difficulties he can overcome, what apparent .impossibilities he achieve, until he has thrown himself, heart and soul, into his task, determined to succeed. . . Would Washington have conquered at Tren ton, if he had shrunk hack at the wildly run ning ice that threatened to impede his passage of' tho Delaware ? ■ Would Napoleon have • been victorious at Areola, if hohad, stopped,despai ring. °n the hither'side of Ih&tawfulbridge ? Would ;I\^^gton-!ttav«Tii?6'n^t' r Wa®l6b'lC!fiß bad not .said, when the French cuirassiers swept round, him like’a Whirlwind, so tbat he had to throw himself into a squarolor personal protec tion. “ Hard • pounding, this,. gentlemen, but wo wiil.see who can pound the-longest!”- A. slrong will, believe us, is often belter than in tellect itself. There is h talisman in ‘• For ward ! always forward!” - Qfteh in life there occurs crisis when every thing conspires to dishearten us. The nervous system itself becomes, worn out by the severe tensions to which it has been subjected; a mor bid state of feeling ensues; the poor, half drowned swimmer is about to give up in de spair. That is just, tho lime to say to oneself, v forward,-always forward.” To triumph un der smooth skies and when the. wind is fair is no honor. It is the tempest that proves who is strong-hearted. Had Col. Graham, in that terrific rush at Molino del Key, thought only of the defeat which had preceded his attack,' he would have failed in tho assault Mexico, per haps, would not have fallen. It was the “ lor. ward, forward, always forward,” ringing in the soldieis’ oars, that carried them on its hurricane of high-hearted courage up to the muzzles of the enemy’s guns, over tho parapet, triumphant into this fort. Never despair- Forward. Ah! always forward! Happiness Now lot mo tell you a secret—a secret worth knowing; This looking forward for enjoyment don't pay. From what I know of it, I would ns soon chase butterflies for a liv ing, or bottlo up moonshine for cloudy nights. Tho only tine way to he happy, is to take the drops of happiness as God gives them.to us eve-' ry day of our lives. The boy muat.learn to bp happy while he is plodding over his lessons; the apprentice while he is learning his trade, tho merchant while ho is making his fortune.' If ho fails to learn this art, he will bo sure to miss his enjoyment when he gaina what ho sighs for. Tunny Deserving.— The man, says Sir Wal ter Scott, ivhom I. call deserving the. name, is one whose thoughts and exertions are for others, not for himself, whose high: purposes are adop ted on just principles, and never abandoned while heaven or earth affords means of accom plishing them. Ho isone who will neither seek an Indirect advantage by a spacious road, nor taken an evil path to gain a really good purpose. It is not tha past' alone that hath its ghosts; each event to come has also its spectrum -rits shade;' when tlio hour arrives, lit'o enters it, tlib shadow becomes Corporeal, and walks the wdfld. ■ Thus, in tha land beyond the grave’, are ever two impassable and spectral boats, the things to bo, and the things that have done. Gbdolphin, Mehtas Best —On this point if is well to fo momoraber that change of occupation often has the same beneficial result as absolute cessation flora active thought. Variety of study is, there fore, advisable. If is also a maxim of rational wisdom, as well os a divine precept, to observe the seventh day of rest. Cessation flom ordi nary hodiiy labor is thus enjoyed, and though inactivity of mind is thus enjoyed, and though l inactivity of mind is not expected, there is the advantage, on the principle just, stated, of a -change of thought, and (hat to subjects of tho highest importance!© our welfare. St. Matthew ’ ilr. Jobnfiton, Mr. Wilborforce, and many other distinguished men, of great power of mind and variety of pursuit, have borne testimony to the advantages of Sabbath observance; while striking examples might be given of the fatal results to health from neglecting the beneficent and wholesome arrangement of tho seventh dav of rest. This periodical time of rest from toil and change of thought is beneficial to all classes of mankind, more especially to those who are actively-engaged during the.,week either in bo dily or mental labor. tO*" The skeletons of leaves may be obtained by soaking them in a weak solution of sulphuric acid, which- cats away the body of tho leaf, leaving only tho fibres, in tho form of a delicate network. “Mono of your unkind reflections,” as tho old man said to tho looking glass. tEY* Every wooden log that fakes tho place of a leg lost in battle, is a stump speech against “ orin, oounißT-r-MAT li alwavs jjb Bionr—car iionr on wrong, our country.” CARLISLE, PA,, THURSIUY. MARCH 17, 1859. President’s Veto Message. To the Mouse of Representatives 6f the United , Stales;: I return, with my objections, to tbe-House of Representatives, in which it originated, the bill entitled “An act donating public lands to the several States and Territories -which toay pro vide colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts,” presented to mo on; the IBth instant. '. v-ife. This bill makes a donation to,< the several States of twenty thousand acres of the public lands for each senator and representative in the present Congress: and also an additional dona tion of twenty thousand acres for each addi tional representative to which any State may bo entitled under the census of 18601 According to a report from the Interior De partment, based upon' the present number of Senators and the lands given to the States amount to six millions and sixty thousand acres, and their value attheminimum government price of one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre, to seven million five hundred and seventy-five thousand dollars.^ . The object of this gift, as stated; by’the bill, is ‘-the endowment, support, and maintenance of at least one college (in each Stale), where the leading object shall be, wit hout excluding other scientific or classical, studies, lofteach such branches of learning as are relatedito,,agricul ture and the mechanic arts, as the Jcgslatures of the States may respectively prescribe, in or der to. promote the liberal and practical educa tion of the industrious classes in - the several pursuits and professions in life.”. ' As there does not appear from the Bill to be j any benifleiaries iu existence to which this en dowment can be applied, each State isrequired [ “to provide, within five years.at.least, not less than one college, or the grant to said State shall [ cease.” In that event the “said Staid shall- be bound to pay the United States theamount received of any lands previously sold,'and that the title to purchasers under the State shall be valid.”. .. ■ ■; The grant of land its® is confined to such States as have public lands within their limits worth one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre, in the opinion of the Governor. .. For the remaining States, tbs Secretary of this Interior is directed to issifo “land scrip to theamount of their dislributive sbares in acres, undertho provisions of this act; said scrip to-be sold by said Slates, and the proceeds thereof .applied to the uses nndpurpoEea.prescribed" in this act, and for no other nse .or ; purpose whatsoever.” The lands are granted and tb& scrip is to be is sued “in sections orsubffivisions of Sections not less than one quarter of section. According to ah estimate-from tbP Interior Department, the number of acres' which will probably be accepted by the States hating pub lic lands within their own limits, vriltrnot ex ceed five hundred and eighty' thousand acres, and it may be much less; leSvihg q jmlance of five million four iuindred,.and eightythousand acres'to be provided for by jscript. ;1r of the thirty-three States areanadoupOT certain conditions,;,the principal of-whicj»is,-tnat if the I fund,shallbq:lo9t ordiminisheddm ntebuntof I I unfortunate in7esetnentß^orotberWise,<Kie : de- J ficiency shall be reptaccd.-and made; godcl by. the respective States. ■Y-'-.-i'- X shall now proceedto'slateTMy'obJeoltons to this bill. I deem ib to 'bo bdth inexpedient and unconstitutional. ' • - ( 1. This bill has been passed at a period when we can with great difficulty raise sufficient rev enue to sustaiii.tho expenses of the government. Should it become a law, the treasurer will be deprived of the whole, or nearly the i whole, of our income from the saleof public lands, which, for the next.fiscal year, has been estimated at five millions of dollars. A bare statement of the case will make, this evident. - The mirijmum price at which we dis pose of . our lands is one dollar and twenty-five cents per acre. ;At the present-moment, how ever, the ; price.has been reduced to those who purchase the bounty-laud, warrants of the old soldiers to eighty-five cents per acre ; and of these warrants there are still outstanding and uniooated, as appears by a report (12th Febru ary, 1859,) from the General Land Office, the amount oi eleven millions nine hundred and ninety thousand three hundred and ninety-one acres. This has already greatly reduced the current sales,by the government, and'diminish cd the revenue from this source. If, in addi tion, thirty-three States shall enter t)ie market with their land script, the price must be great ly reduced below even eighty-five ‘cents per acre, as much to the prejudice of the old sol diers who have not already parted yith their land warrants as to government. Ills easy to perceive that with this glut of the market, government can sell little or no lands at one dollar and twenty-five cents per aero, when the price.of bounty land warrants and scrip shall be reduced to half this sum. This source of revenue will bp almost entirely dried up. Un der the bill the States may sell their land scrip at any price it may bring. There is no limita tion whatever in this respect. Indeed, they must sell for what the scrip will bring, for without this fund they cannot proceed to esta blish their colleges within thb five years to which they are limited. It is maniftist, therefore, that to the extent to which this bill will prevent the sale of the public lands at one dollar and twen ty-five cents per acre, to that amount it will have precisely the saraodfeotupon the treasury, as if we should impose a tax or croatii a loan to endow these Stale colleges. '/ Surely the present is the most unpropllious moment which could'have.been selected for the passage of this bill. ~ ?. Waiving for the present the question of constitutional power, what effect will this bill have on the relations established between the Federal and Slate governments ? The constitu tion is a grant to Congress of a few enumerated but most important powers relating; chiefly to war, pence, foreign and domestic commerce, negotiation, and other subjects which can be best or alone exercised beneficially by the com mon government. All other powers are reser ved to the States and to the people. For the efficient and harmonious working 6f B6lh it is necessary that their several spheres of action should be kept distinct from each other. This alone can prevent conflict and mutual injury. Should the time ever arrive when the State governments shall look to the Federal treasury for the means of supporting themselves and maintaining their systems of education and in ternal policy, the character of both governments will be greatly deteriorated. The representa tives of the States and of the people, fueling a more immediate interest in obtaining money to lighten the burdens of their constituents than for the promotion of the more distant objects in trusted to the federal government,, Will natural ly incline to obtain means from the federal government for State purposes. If a question shall arise between an appropriation: of land or money to carry into effect the objects of the federal government and those of the States, their feelings will be enlisted in favdr of the latter. This is human nature; and hence the necessity of keeping the two governments entirely dis tinct. The preponderance of this homo feeling has -been manifested by the passage of the pres ent bill. The establishment of these colleges has Uoluntfcr. prevailed over the pressing Wonts of ilie com mon treasury. No nation ever Imil such an in heritance as we possess in the- public lands. These ought to be managed with the utmost care, ■’bat at tho same lime with a liberal spirit towards actual settlers. In the first year of o war with a powerful naval nation the revenue from customs inust in a great degree cease. A resort to loans will then become necessary, and these.can always be obtained as our fathers obtained them, on advantageous terms, by pledging the public lahds as security. In this view of the subject, it would be wiser to grant money to the Siates for domestic purposes than to squander away the public lands, apd transfer them iu large bo dies into tho hands of Speculators. A successful struggle on the,part of the State governments with the. general government for the public lands would deprive the latter of the means of performing its high duties, especially at critical and dangerous periods. Besides, it would operate with equal detriment to the best •interests of tho States. It would remove the most wholesome of all restraints on legislative bodies—rthat of being obliged to raise money by taxation from their constituents—and would lead to extravagance, if 'not to corruption. VVbat is obtained easily and without Vesponsi bility will bo lavishly expended. 3. This bill,.should it become’U law, will operate greatly to the injury of the new Stales. The progress of settlements and the increase of an industrious population owing an interest in the Soil they cultivate, are tho causes which will build them up into great and flourishing Commonwealths.’ Nothing could be more pre judicial to their interests than for wealthy in dividuals to acquire large tracts of -the public land and hold them for speculative purposes. The low price to which this land scrip will probably be reduced will tempt speculators to buy.it. in large amounts and locate it on the best lands belonging to the, government. Tho eventual consequence must be tiiat the men who desire to cultivate the soil will bo compelled to purchase these very lands nt rales, much higher than the price at which they could be obtained from the government.’ 4. lifts extremely doubtful, to say llic least, whether this bill would contribute to the ad vancement of agriculture and the mechanic arts —objects, the dignity and value of which can not be 100 highly appreciated. The federal government, which makes tho donatibn, has confessedly no constitutional power to follow it into the States and enforce the application of thtfttmd to the intended ob jects. As donors, we shall possess no control over our own gift after it shall have passed from oUr' hands. It i? true that tho Stale legisla tures are required to stipulate that they will faithfully execute the trust in tho manner pre scribed by the bill. But should they fail- to do this, what would be the consequence 1 The federal government has no power, and ought to have no power, lb compel tho execution of Hie frost. It would.be in as helpless a. condition as if even ;in,this, the lime of great need, we -were ti) demand, apy, portion of the many mil -ITbifs'!ipr'anrplas J 'iriwc{inw'dl!posited--with* tfe : Stales for safe keeping under the act of 183G.' 5. This bill will injuriously interfere with existing colleges in the different States, in many ofwhioh agriculture is taught as a Science, and m ail of which it ought lb be so taught. These, institutions of learning have grown up with the country under the.fostering care of the States and the munificence of individuals to meet the advancing demands for education. They have proved great blessings to the people. Many— indeed, most of them—are poor, and sustain I themselves with difficulty. What the effect will be on these institutions ol creating -an in definite number of rival colleges, sustained by the endowment of the federal government, it is not difficult to determine. Under this bill, it is provided that scientific and classical studies shall not bo excluded from them. Indeed, it would be almost impossible I to sustain them without such a provision; (or no father would incur the expense of sending a son to one of these institutions for the sole pur pose of making hiin a scientific farmer or me chanic. The bill itself negatives this idea, and declares that their object is "to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions of life.” This certainly ought to be the case.— In this view of the subject, it would be far hol ter, if such an appropriation of land must be made to institutions of learning in the several States, to apply it directly to the establishment of professorships of agriculture and the median io arts in existing colleges without the interven tion of the State legislatures. It would be dif ficult to foresee how these legislatures will ma nage this fund. Each representative in Con gress, for whoso district the proportion of twen ty thousand acres has been granted, will proba bly, insist that the proceeds shall he expended within its limits. » There will undoubtedly bo a struggle between different localities in each State, concerning the division of the gift, which may end in disappointin'.: the hopes Of the true friends of agriculture. For this state of things we are without remedy. Not so in regard to State colleges. We might grant land to these corporations to establish agricultural and me chanical professorships ; and, should they fail to comply with the conditions, on which they accepted the grant, wo might enforce specific performance of these before the ordinary courts of justice. 6. But does Congress possess the power, un der the constitution, to make a, donation of public lands to the difierent States of the Union to provide colleges for the purpose of educating their own people t I presume tho general proposition is undeni able that Congress docs not possess tho potVer to appropriate money in the treasury raised by taxes on the people of the Uniicd States for the purpose of educating tho people of the respec tive States. It will not be pretended that any such power is to be found among the specific powers granted to Congress, nor that it •• is necessary and proper for carrying into execu tion” any one of these powers. Should Con gress exercise such a power, this would be to break down tho barriers which have been sb carefully'constructed in the constitution to se parate federal from State authority. We should then not only “ lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises” for federal purposes, but for every State purpose which Congress might deem expedient or useful. This would be an actual consolidation of the federal and State governments, So far as the great taxing and money power is concerned, and constitute a Sort of partnership between the two in tho trea sury of the United States, equally ruinous to both 1 . But it is contended that the pju&Yid' lands are placed upon a different footing frohi money raised by taxation, and that the proceeds ari sing ftotn their sale are not subject to the limi tation? of the constitution, but may be appro priated o t given away by Congress, at its own discretion, to States, corporations, or individu flls’£or an y purpose they may deem expedient. The advocates of this bill attempt to sustain their position upon the language of the second clause of the third section of the fourth article of the constitution, which declares that “the Congress shall have power to dispose of. and make all needful rules and regulations rospcc fcingthe territory, or other property belonging AT §2,00 PER ANNUM, to the United Stales.” They contend that, by a fair interpretation of the words “ dispose of” in this clause, Congress possesses the power to mate this gift pi public lands to the State for purposes of education. ■ , It would require clear and strong evidence to induce the belief that the framers of the consti tution. after having limited the powers of-Con gress to certain, precise, and specific objects, intended, by employing the words •• dispose of," to give that body unlimited power over the vast public domain.. It would be a strange anomaly, indeed, to havo created two funds, the one by taxation confined to the execution of the enumerated powers delegated to Congress. I ,and the other from the public lands', applicable I to all subjects, foreign and domestic, which Congress might designate. That this fund should be “ disposed of,” not Ip pay the debts 1 of the United States, nor “ to raise and support j armies,” nor “ to provide and maintain a na . I vy,” nor to accomplish any one of the other ! great objects enumerated in the constitution: 1 but bo diverted from them to pay the debts of the States, to educate their people, and to carry into,effect any other measure of their domestic policy.’ This would bo to. confer upon Congress a vast and irresponsible authority, utterly at war with the well-known jealousy of federal power which prevailed at the formation of the constitution. The.natural intendment would be that, as the constitution confined Congress to well-defined specific powers, the funds placed at their command, whether in land or money, should be appropriated to the performance of the duties corresponding with these powers!^ If not; a government has been created with all its other powers carefully limited, but without any limitation in respect to the public lands. But I cannot so read these words "dispose of" as to make them embrace the idea of “giv ing away.” The true meaning of words is al ways to be ascertained by the subject to which’ they are applied, and the known genera! intent of tho lawgiver. Congress is a trustee under the constitution for the people of the United States to “ dispose of” their public lands, and I think ! may venture to assert with confidence, that no case can be found in which a trustee in theposition of Congres- has been authorized to; “dispose of" property Wits owner, where it has ever been held thapdheso words authorized such trustee to give away the fund entrusted to his care. No trustee, when called upon to ao. count for the disposition of the property placed under his management before any judicial tri bunal, would venture to present such a plea in., his defence. The true meaning of these words is clearly slated by Chief Justice Taney in. de livering the opinion of the court, (15 Upward, p. 430.) Ue says, in reference to this clause of the constitution, “ It begins its enumeration of powers by that of disposing; in other words, making sale of the lands, or raising money from them, which, ns we have already said, was the main object of the cession, (from the States,) and which is the first thing provided for in the oil-tide.” It is unnecessary to refer to the his tory, of tho times to establish the known fact that this statement of the Chief Justice is per- Tectly-we!l,Jmjn.dediv..Tbatlts never-waslipten-. . by. the framers.of the constitution that these lands should he given away by ;Congress, is manifest from the concluding, portion of the same clause. By it. Congress has power not only “to dispose of ’ tho territory, but of the • • other prpoerty of the United Stales. ” In the language of ibe chief Justice, (p. 437:) “And the same power of making needful rules respec ting thceterritury is in precisely the .same lan guage applied to the other property of tho Uni ted States, associating the power over the terri tory, in this respect, with the power over mo veable or personal property—that is, the ships, arms, or munitions of war which then belonged in common to the State sovereignties." The question is still clearer in regard to the public lands in the Slates and Territories with in tho Louisianaand Florida purchases! These lands were paid for out of the public treasury from money raised by taxation. Now, if Con gress bad no power to appropriate the money With which- these lands were purchased, is it not clear that the power over the lands is equal-1 ly limited ? The mere conversion qf this mo ney into land could not confer upon Congress new power over the disposition of land which they had not possessed over money. If it could, (hen a trustee, by changing the charac ter of the fund entrusted to his care for special objects from money into land, plight give the i land away or derate it to any purpose he thought proper, however foreign from the trust. The inference is irresistible that this land partakes of the very same character with the money paid for it, and can be devoted to no objects different from those to which the money could haye been devoted. If this were not the case, then, by the purchase of a new territory from-a foreign government out of the public treasury, Congress could enlarge their own powers and appropriate the proceeds of the sales of the land thus purchased, at their own discretion, to other and far different objects front what they could have applied the purchase money which had been raised by taxation. It has been asserted truly that Congress, in numerous instances, have granted lands for purposes of education. These grants have been chiefly, if not exclusively, made to tho new States, as they successively, entered tho Union, and consisted at the first of one section, and afterwards of two sections of tho public lands in each township for the use of schools, as well as of additional sections for a State university. Such grants are not, in my opinion, a violation of the constitution. The United Stales is a great landed proprietor, and from tho very na ture of this relation it is bo.h the right and the duty of Congress, ns their trustee, to manage these lands as any other prudent propietor would manage them for his own best advantage. Now, no consideration could bo presented of a stronger character to induce the American peo ple to. brave tho difficulties and hardships of frontier life, and to settle upon these lands and purchase them at a fair price, than to give to them and to their children an assurance of the means of education. If any prudent individual had held these lands, ho could not have adop. ted a wiser course to bring them into market and enhance their value than to give a portion of them for the purpose of education. As a mere speculation, he would pursue this course. No person will contend that donations of land to all tho Stales of the Union for the erection of colleges within the limits of eaclx can be em braced by this principle. It cannot be preten ded that an Agricultural College in New York or Virginia would aid the settlement or facili tate the sale of public lands in Minnesota or California. This cannot possibly, be embraced within tho authority, which a prudent proprie tor of laud would exercise over his own posses sions. I pflfpttsely aVoid arty attempt to define What portions ol land may be granted, and for what purposes, to iritproVc tlto value and pro mote the Settlement and sale of the remainder without violating the constitution. In this case t adopt tho rule that “sufficient unto tho day is the evil thereof.' 1 JAMES BUOHANAf'f. Wasiiisgtos Cirr, Feb. 24, 1859. IC/* Why is a young lady just returned from boarding school, like a building committee? Because she is ready to receive proposals.. tens IfiiriiißSf;;. llAsies Buchanan is, qq'eationi onb bf (ho best abused men id the tbtmby.: firety; Blact Republican whiffet 'Who Can \frilo pc apeak, appears to consider it _» duty to- Vilßty' the President of the United Siatw.and mistier ' present bis conduct; It is a despicable business —the' business of men Of smUf anil'' ■personaiTihnniotcri—ttr-Bt/cniNANistoo well known to the American people',.his'been ted 11 long, enshrined in their hearts, to JBe injured '' now by the slanders Of a reckless, unprilcipitKl and utterly shameless opposition. ■ Uocan-weli afford to treat their abuse with the silentcon-. tempt it deserves, for ho knows end. feds that , 3 he has the confidence and respect of all good ■■ men, without respect to party. In contipua tion of tills subject wo copy the following well timed remarks of the Wisconsin Pioneer ; No further proof is wanting of the patriolisni ' of the President and his faithfulness to the true interests of but country, than the continued trilp.!; abuse that is heaped upon him By the Black Republican opposition. It wps the Sqmethat canonised Mr. Jefferson audGert. Jacksph In tho } affections of the American people. Not lesssti !■•••. is the abuse of Sir. Buchanan, aHd hia namc; t will go down to posterity, with theirs, as one,, of the defenders of his country’s honor and! . - greatness. It is remarkable just now that Mrv ’ Buchanan is assailed by tho Opposition as ever rytiling that is vile on grounds almtist identical with that Mr. Jcllcrson was, vis: the policy of ' extension of our government. When Mr. Jef ferson announced that doctrine in 18Q0, and carried it out in 180& by the acquisition of Louisiana, the Federal party made tbe wclkili ring from Maine to Georgia with their anathe mas; nothing tvas 100 Vila to be said of him; • The same is now said of Mr. Buchanan. ■ ■■ • The New York Commercial demands to knoUr 1 by ‘‘what right James Buchanan uses the au thority of his office to give.c(lebt to the dOgmd'' that ‘extension is the future policy of the coun try;’” These old Federalists livelongJmt never learn. Mr. Bufihinan originated no sutcH dogma. It is.the “dogma” of thb people of this country; and has been sinhcTSOQ, and has been in many instances carried Out, despite tbd rabid opposition of old Federalism,'with all its ' phases, changes And aliases fit Sin that daydown;- ■ It was enforced by the people, in 1803, in thb acquisition of Louisiana—again in the annexa- ■ tion of Texas, And then tn our affair with Mex ico, and the annexation of Catifolrnia;' had it ’ the Commercial has Pot discovered it yet, tho : people—not Sir. Buchanan alone, but thh peo ple are about soon to give another exemplifies- , tion of this "dogma” by the annexation of ‘ * Cuba; •JV Jt> . J . . Id. 40. This is the great Sih of Cur present worthy,. Chief Magistrate, that he sees and obeys the , will of the American people rather than dssy; . demagogues and spoils inch. Let the mlf ‘ hotel. That before Mr, Buchanan's election, thti New York Tribune declared that, *• as sure aS there is a God in. Heaven," if he were elected, all oiir territories Would bo made slave Stales ;■ and this infamously and designedly fdlse and wicked declaration, says the Montrose. J)emO? crat, was echoed in substance by the whole Fremont party. Look. at the result, Two years of Mr. Bucllamln's wise add judicious ad ministration expired on the 4th inst. , During this time’two FItEE States have betd admitted in opposition to thebest (Worst) cfforts'of tho Tribune pack. Other territories are bidlhg .their time and maturing-arrangementsfora iIkI welcome froth the National Democracy, who, alone, ever have and ever will welcome and ad mit new sisters to our glorious confederacy, in spite of the combined efforts of Niggenshl, Know-Nothingism, ot whatever other detestable ism may spring uprlo hangns a loathsomo ci* ctcsenCe upon the Banner of the Cnidh.! , ‘ ' 'l'lle following is on abstract ofd bill ropbrlod in tile'House of Koprescntatlvos,giving lb Jns. tices of tho Peace authority, With a jury of six men, to hoar and determine crimes of a curtain character, within this Commoriwtidfth: Seo. I.—Authorizes the holding of courts of special sessions of tho peace) except in the city of Philadelphia, by Justices of the Peace, apd thohoafitig and determining of charges for IhU following ciimos: Ist.—Assault and battery, not charged ns having been commuted riotously, or upon a public ofllcer in (lie execution of bis duties, or with intent to kill. 2d.—Poisoning, killing, maiming, or cruotiy beating animals. 3d.-Unlawfully removing, defacing, or eat ing down monuments or marked trees, or fruit trees. 4th—Maliciously taking and carrying away fruits and vegetables, or for destroying tho same. ■ i ■ - Sec. 2.—Authorizes tho Justice, Upon tho' consent of tho defendant, to hear and dtetormldo tho case. . Poisoning Case In Perry County. ;1 A Mr. Smith, Station Agent at BaiiysbtirgV j, Perry county, died on Wednesday of last week, | under suck peculiar circumstances,- that sutf- ' picious were aroused that he had keen poison, id, and upon examination of tho body by phy sicians, alter his death, such proved to tfq the case. All the circumstances connected [with tho case seemed to fix the poisoning'of Smith upon his wile. On tho Friday preceding t his doajli, Mrs. Smith wont to Newport to pur chase some arsenic, but failing to get the arti. do, there sho took tho cars tor Harrisburg' ■ where she-remained till 8 o’clock, and took tho > train fpr Duucanou, but failing to obtain a con- < veyauco, alio went -to Newport, where she re. mained over night. • On Saturday morning slfo purchased a drachm of croton oil, ahd left ioi ; homo. On hue arrival She found her liushand l very, sick; mid gave him a dose of medicine out of the bottle sho purchased at Newport, which ' sot him to purging anil vomiting. ' 'i’lio hired girl assorts that flicsa doses were repeated at short intervals, and that Mr, Smith continued in this way for two or three days, and gradually sinking. Dr. Hoover, of thmeanon, - was then telegraphed for, who believing ho was : affected with tho inflamation of the bowels," ‘ treated him accordingly. Smith' lingered until Wednesday night, when ho died. A post inor- " tern examination oi tho stomach, which was sent to Philadelphia for chemical analysis, ton-' firmed tho rumor that Smith was poisoned, ahd ■ the circumstances fixed, beyond tho Shadow 6'f a doubt, the murder upon Mrs. Smith; bii wife. Sho was accordingly arrested, and WhilS in tho ' custody of tho Constable, asked pefmissio# to retire into anothef fbofn, fof abbi'e-purpose or another, which was gfanted. Sho retired to a room where she had poison prepared .'for Jioi*- hushand, wliich sho drank horse)!', and tho next' day found her a torpse—murdered by heif otva ' hailds, in the sanio wicked way by .which sho took her hitsbahd’S Hie. Thus ended UnotheF of what is almost a daily occurrence with us.— Earthly Judges and jurits have been saved tho trouble and perplexity of i trial formurdor.— She iSnoW before the Judge Of oil tb'e Cniverso ' where her trial Will be fair aha impartial!'. Mrs. ■ Smith wtfs very respectably connected, and .wo deeply sympathize with an aged father and mother in ihe'sorrow with which this distress ing visitation of death wifl oferWhelrtl the*.— Mrs. Smith was Supposed to' be partially iniaae.'. O' Take care of your lit|la faults, correct j'filir little faults, end you trill gain courage and overcome great opes. No rnii n^irri ves at excel* lenci but through sharp watching and constant curbing of bis laeult}> tendencies in the small* cst inaticr.' Washington and Franklin drew up, rigid rules, and upon ..thpfdugh .sys tem, in discipling themselves, frord early youth.' In their footsteps every young AtaSfican should bo proud to follow. Were lead empty praise showered upon those fathers of the nation, and more earnest copies attempted of their grand lives, wo should behold a diHetdnl rising genets* libn from tht) prcs&it. Keep it Before the People, From Harrisburg.
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