#~`'' AMERICAN VOLUNTEER. % s ?! ■l. PUBLISHED EVERT THDRSDAT MOENISQ BT JoliM B. Bratton. TERMS. ' isonrrrios. —One Dollar and Fifty Cents, in advance! Two Dollars If-paid within the and Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, if hot within the year. These terms will bo rig idhorod to in every instance. No Bull ion discontinued until all arrearages arc inless at the option of the Editor. •EBTisEMENTS —Accompanied by the cash, )t exceeding one square, will bo, inserted imos for Ono Dollar, and twenty-five cents ;h additional insertion. Thosoofagrcat igth in proportion. - •PiunnNO—Such ns Hand-bills, Posting pamphlets, Blanks, Labels, &c., &c.,cxo with accuracy and .at the shortest notice. COMMONWEALTH rs. ANCIS PERRIER, •J and Irkd for Murder in the Oyer and ■miner of Cumberland County, at August -.ions, 1858. i following is the opinion of the Court, fn case, which we publish at large as deliver . the jury. The facts of the case we have '■ Mlrcndy alluded to, and some of the papers have . . published them in full. The opinion of the - Court is ah able and] full review of the law on j. T£ e subject, and defines with clearness and pro- V 1 <isi°n the various degrees of Murder, and the , Circumstances which will reduce the oflcnce s c Jfiom the higher to lower grades. '• , , .The charge also reviews fully the law on the n, > subject of jlrunkcnness (one branch of defence Sn the cixse) and the kind it must be, to have the fc/<effectof reducing the grade of offence committed its influence." ’ .. . life'' CHARGE OF THE COURT. ' The prisonor*ieklho.bar : stands charged with Mas the crime of wilful, and deliberate murder.— lid. Upon the indictment you may find the defend' Ip''',, ant guilty of murder of the first degree, of mur |||?: idcr. of the second degree, or of voluntary man slaughter. Before noticing the distinction be- K tween murder of the first and second degrees IS under the act of 1701, wo will first notice the ||. difference between murder at common law and II voluntary manslaughter. 1- : Minder as defined at common law is where a ." person of sound memory and discretion, unlaw fully kills any reasonable creature in being, and in the peace of the Commonwealth, with malice aforethought, either express or implied. ; ' Manslaughter is “the unlawful killing of ano ther without malice either express or implied.” Prom these definitions you Will observe it is . malice which distinguishes between murder and a-inanslaughter. The term malice In the legal, as ' ■contradistinguished from the popular sense of » jttje word, does not denote a revengeful or male- I violent feeling against the deceased in particular, i ; X'lwtthat the /act of killing has been attended iwth.such circumstances as ,evince a wicked, anil malignant spirit; a heart regard of social duty arid fatally bent .upon mis- Express malice is where the killing is tesult of a sedate, deliberate mind and form design, the internal feeling being mam;ested, external circumstances, such as former threats 1 ’unfriendly feeling, or concerted schemes to the party bodily barm. . The law implies from anj’ deliberate cruel act committed one person against another, however sudden, .■; Ofc'where the act is attended with such circum v., etances as carry with them (he plain indications a wicked and diabolical spirit. To reduce homicide, which is the killing ol ftny human crcature,from murder to manslaugh y ter, no provocation by words however abusive or opprobious is sufficient, if the defendant used !££•••■* a weapon likely to kill and death was the conse |||& quenco. Judge,King, a learned and experien- jurist, in the case of the Commonwealth vs. in his charge to the jury on the question | |||Bof the intent td take life, remarks: « That in |||Bpthesolution of such-a question an easy and safe |B. criterion of the intent with which thtt att Was done, may be found in the means by which the W homicide has been committed. If the means I B'Of death is a deadly weapon used in an uno- IB? quivocal manner, the inquiring mind can cohie Bp, to no other conclusion, but that the. death of Sp’ ‘tiio victim was intended. Thus, if . one nian H : shoot another through the bead with a musket Eg I ', or pistol ball—if he stab him in a vital partwith a sword or dagger—if he cleave his skull with •; an axe—it is<almoBt impossible for a reflecting and intelligent mind to come to any other con-. ';?%> elusion than (hat the perpetrators of such acts V intended to kill.’’ P-; : In applying the law* of homicide to the facts ' ; of,this case to determine.thegurlt or innocence of the . prisoner, the most orderly mode of con i'’ . sidering the case'would-be first to inquire whe fc i j ther the. evidence satisfies your minds beyond a |||l-reasonable doubt* that the prisoner perpetrated |||||th:s homicide. That a cruel and bloody homi jß&oide was perpetrated.on the person of John upon the street of our Borough, l2 o’clock in the night of (he. day of the of Juno last;, is clearly proved and not pphtroverted; Your first enquiry will bo did , T the prisoner cause the death of decedent at the i* l time and in the manner charged in the bill of indictment. No.witness is called who saw the fatalwound inflicted, no one who_ saw the dag §er plunged to the heart of deceased, Theevi erice which points, to defendant as the perpe trator of this act is not positive but circura atantial. But evidence of this kind may be, ; and frequently is, quite as satisfactory and con clusive ns positive proof. A chain of connected :: Circumstances and facts irreconcilable with the defendant’s innocence is quite as satisfactoiy as the positive evidence of one or two witnesses. x A witness may .be. mistaken or he tnay bo per . Jared —bat a connected chain of circumstances pyoved by a number of witnesses is not. subject to this objection. To convict,of a criminal of fence the. evidence should satisfy the juror’s , mind beyond a reasonable douuit of the guilt of •. the accused, but (he juror’s oath imposes no ' obligation upon him to doubt, where no doubt would exist In its absence. On the contrary, imposes on the juror the important frpd'jaolemn^duty, of expressing the undoubted conclusion of bis mind from the evidence hon estly and candidly without attempting to con jure upadoubt, where no doubt.wouldbe sought •’ for if no oath had been administered. ; ‘The evidence relied on to connect the de -fendant with this homicide is, his cap found . within a few feet of the dead body, Iris gloves bought on that evening are spotted with blood. £ A dirk knife similar to one he bought a few days before is found on the street some distance & >Jrom the body. The prisoner is in town that night certainly till a very late hour and not in ‘Jus room until some time after twelve on that ■bright, the hour when the homicide was perpe trated. These circumstances are all left unex plained and unaccounted for, consistent with .tijieiiprisonor’s innocence. If these circumstan. jses do satisfy you beyond a reasonable doiibt that (ho prisoner inflicted the fatal blow . the death of deceased, you ought Kquit the defendant. But if you arc sntis- Irom the evidence that the prisoner caused death of the deceased, then it will bo your | further to inquire of what crime the pri ■ is guilty. To make the homicide justifi or excusa bl e the proof must come from the and in the absence of proof showing act to bo justifiable or excusable, presumes it to bo felonious. If the act malicious it is murder—if the killing was vf^'Cnnla'yfu 1 but without malice, either express or it would bo manslaughter. Wo have i law im P Hcs malice from any deliberate ■ committed by one person against ano mw“erP the act is attended with such cir ?s carry with them the plain indica •JSftmmMt* W, ? I S C S a “ d diabolical spirit, and 'we >alao , sa, “ D 0 provocation by words, a^ u “‘ vo , or ofrunaive , i« suffleiont to * “ “ s from mu fdertoraanslaugliter is us °d likely to kill and death is Wg®“? e( l ,lonce - If ,110 fatal stab was given ;Msl>o P ri3oncr upon being called a d d liar : as indicated by. thp testimony ol .Augustus Jeremiah, this would not reduce"the .’, ? toman3lau‘glifor, hut If given float of passion canted by a personal con under shch ciroumatancca passion induced cause arising out of a personal con f ''ould repel the prosninption of tnalico and Li A ram oi it BY JOHN B. BRATTON. VOL. 45. reduce the crime to manslaughter. ' .Should you believe the defendant guilty of murder, you must flieu determine and find by your verdict (lie 1 grade of murder of which the prisoner is guilty. .In Pennsylvania murder is of two grades or hinds.. Murder of the,first and murder of the second degree. The act of 1794 provides “that all murder which shall bo perpetrated by means of poison or lying in wait, or by. any other kind of wilful, deliberate, and premeditated killing, or which shall bo committed in the perpetration or attempt to perpetrate any arson, rape, rob bery or burglary, shall be deemed murder of the first degree, and all other kinds of murder shall bo deemed murder in the second degree ; and the jury before whom any person indicted for murder shall be tried, shall, if they find such person guilty thereof, ascertain in their verdict whether it bo murder of the first or second de groe.” From tho provisions of this act you will ob serve it will bo your duty if you find the defend ant guilty'of murder, to say by your verdict, whether lie is guilty of murder of tho first or second degree,- and this will bo a most import, ant inquiry. - If ho. is guilty of murder it was not perpetra ted by means or poison or lying in wait, nor in the perpetration dr atterapt.to perpetrate any of the,causes enumerated in‘the act of 1794. To constitute murder in the first degree the killing in this case must have been wilful, deliberate and premeditated, for this .is the only other kind of .ailing mentioned in the act which is murder of the first degree. The words “ wilful, delib. crate and premeditated,” as used in this act, have no technical meaning attached to them.— They are to be understood in their usual and ordinary sense*. What then is tho proper mean ing of these words thus used in the act of 1794 to designate the crime of murder of tho first de gree?, . A >vilful act is one done designedly, inten tionally or purposely, as contradistinguished from accident,- inadvertanco or absence of in tention or design. Deliberation is the, act, of considering, of I weighing the reasons for and againsta measure or act. .An act to bo deliberate‘must bo done after consideration, weighing and balancing in (ho mind its nature and consequences, as dis tinguished-from an act dofie'upop sudden im pulse, without thought or reflection and without, tho approval of tho will. Premeditation means,to think beforehand.— An act to be premeditated have been the olgect of thought before it was carried into ef fect, thought about before it was done, as con tradistinguishing it from an act which the mind Jiao not conceived and matured, and which has not received the assent of the will and sanction of the judgment, to its accomplishment.. • This appears to us to be the proper meaning of the words “wilful, deliberate and premedita ted/’ as used in the act of 17.94, to distinguish between murder of the'first and second.degrees. Where there is malice, but no deliberate p’rerae ditafed intention to take life, it is murder in the second degree, , . Bui where combined .with malice, the evidence shows a deliberate & premeditated intention to kill, it is murder in the Ist degree. Taking the life of another by means of poison ovlyingin wait, or.any other kind of wilful) deliberate and pre meditated killing) is murder of the first degree. Murder by poison or lying in wait must neces sarily bo deliberate and premeditated* The vic tim is the. time, and place appointed, i the mcohs prepared. All the circumstances at-1 tendant upon the commission of the act show it 1 to have been done deliberately and with premed itation* So murder committed by other menus I than poison and. tying in wait, must be attended [ with circumstances that satisAMhc minds of the I jury that the act \\as wilful, deliberate and pre meditated to tnakc it murder of the first degree, and these attendant circumstances must he proved, they cannot be presumed. Wo do not say that to convict the prisoner oi murderof the first degree, the evidepce should satisfy you that ho hud the sable time for deliberation and reflection as when it is perpetrated by poisbn or lying in wait; Ihiswc do not consider nedcSsary. The law hgs fixed no specific length of time for deliberation—no length of time before tho apt is done is required, further than there burst sufficient time to think upon, plan and mature the act. Tho design to take away life must be first formed in the mind and then carried info effect with the concurrence and assent of tho will. ... , On the part of the prisoner it is alledgcd tlial the evidence shows that be had been drinking freely for some days before this fatal occurrence. That he was drunk on tiro night M’Nafnara was killed, and that from the effects of intoxication the mind was deprived of its power to form a design with premeditation and deliberation, and consequently-that ho cannot be convicted of murder of the first degree, deliberation and pre meditation being essential ingredients of that crime. , . It is a rule of tho common law that voluntary intoxication is no excuse for crimes committed during its existence. If, tnerefore, tho jury be lieve the prisoner committed the act while undpr the immediate influence of intoxicating liquors, ho would nevertheless bo guilty of murder. — ■But if you believe at the time tho act was coln mitlcd, the mind.of the prisoner, from intoxica tion, was deprived of the power to forin a design With deliberation and premeditation, ho would not be guilty of murder of the first degree, but ho Would be guilty of murder of the second de gree. In tho language of Judge Ifiiompson, ,“it is tho operation of tho mind that gives the capital quality alone to tonrdcr. Jfot that, the mind does not eSipf in both grades; but it de liberates and purposes in the one; acts im. pulsively in tile other. Passion from great pro vocation has always been held .to mitigate the grade, because of tho inference from it, nega tiving deliberation. So, too, has drunkenness, when made out. It is equally as obnoxious to deliberation ns passion, and requires as careful consideration in'the judicial investigation. It does not excuse crime, but if its existence is incompatible with tho ingredients constituting crime of a particular grade, then it cannot bo of that grade—it must belong to a lower one it the law so provides.” Tho defendant’s counsel have presented cer tain legal propositions, upon this branch of tho defence, which wo will bore read to you and answer. Ist point, 'W’horo murder has been committed &the killing has been done with malice, and not in the perpetration or attompt fo perpetratoany of the felonies enumerated in the act of Assem bly, of 22d April, 1791, to constitute it murder in the first degree, there must have been a do. liberate, settled purpose—a disposition of mind lending its victim into murder, ail aware of Its wicked pursuit, and intent upon the result—and this purpose must bo proved according to law beyond tho probability of a reasonable doubt— otherwise it is deemed to be murder in the sec. ond degree. If not proved to belong to tho first class, it is presumed to belong to the sec ond. Answered in the affirmative. 2d point. If tho Jury believe that tho killing was porpolarated with malice aforethought,either express or implied, but was not “ wilful, delib erate and premeditated,” it is murder of the second degree. Unless there is something which reduces it to a lower grade of offence. Answered in the affirmative. 8d point. The law is well settled, thatwhon a wilful and deliberate intent is the subject of in vestigation “if the 1 mind, from intoxication or any other cause, is deprived of its power to form a design with deliberation, tho offence is stripped of the malignant features required by the statute to place it in, the list of capital crimes ; and if, therefore, tho Jury believe that the prisoner was intoxicated, and thero waa, np jwlllui and deliberate intqqOon {(f kill tyitt^t life was taken by a blow inflicted with a knife suddenly drawn, in a sudden quarrel, the offence committed was not murder of the first degree, but a lower grade of offence. Answered in the affirmative. 4lh point. That if the Jury believe the killing was done without malice aforethought, either ex press or implied, upon sudden heat or quarrel, or in an angry altercation, or in consequence of reasonable provocation, or grew out of an ns. snult, under circumstances which do not or would not excuse on the ground of sell-defence, tbe offeiico committed was voluntary manslaugh- Answered as follows: If the killing was done without malice it would be but voluntary manslaughter, Butno provo cution by words alone, unless there was personal conflict, would bo sufficient to repel the legal presumption of malice and reduce the killing from murder to manslaughter when a weapon likely to cause death was used and death was the consequence. 6. That drunkenness when made outis equal ly as obnoxious to deliberation as passion, and requires as careful consideration in a judicial investigation, and if, therefore, the Jury believe, that the prisoner was drunk at the. time when the offence with which he is charged was com mitted, such drunkenness is incompatible with the ingredients of murder in the first degree, and the ofience -committed must have been one of a lower order. 6th answered thus: If by the terras/' drunk enness” and ** drunk,” as used in this point, w’o are to understand a person whose reason is dis ordered or perverted, his,passion excited or in named, or his mental faculties so perverted, stu [pified or deranged, in consequence of the use , of intoxicating drink* as to prevent the ordin ary and appropriate exorcise of their powers, wo answer it in the affirmative. But .it must be a PP a snt to even a superficial observer, that the effect produced by spirituous liquor or ixtoxi cating. drink upon the human system, is almost as various ns the human, countenance. Its ef fect upon some is to arouse, inflame and excite the passions and transform the quiet, inoffen sive citizen into a very madman or demon.— Upon others, indulgence to the same extent, produces no apparent effect upon the mind, while tlio body is almost paralized amHhoy are unable to exercise the power of. locomotion, they retain full possession of their mental pow ers and of deliberation and pre-- meditation. | „• tyocannofc say to ypiij that if you believe the prisoner was drunk at the time (ho olfencc with which ho is. charged whs committed, “such drunkenness is incompatible with the ingredi ents of murder in the first degree.” In,other woids, that a drunken many in the ordinary and usual meaning of that term,cannot commit mur* der in.the first degree. This would be a most dangerous doctrine, and one which most proba bly would,bo productive of the most disastrous consequences to tho peace and safety of socie ty, The-true criterion as to tho capability of the prisoner to commit murder in the first do. gieo is hojt whether he was drunk or sober, but whether he had tho power at thotinio deliber atblyto form and plan in his riiind the design arid intention of killing his ,victim. If ho had such power and did deliberate, plan.and con ceive the intention and design of killing McNa mara before the fatal blow was given, and the mortal wound was inflicted in pursuance of such previously lormcid. cl osign , and ■ intculi w,’ tbojv tho crime toonßi be murder of-the first degree* Bui if from intoxication or othof. Cahso the mind is deprived of the. power to form a design, ■ to plan, deliberate upon, and purpose the deatli of another, if such act it) the result of impulse, not of deliberation, then the pnfpetrntor would not bo gqiliy of murder of the first degree! Wo have said in a former part of our charge, that to constitute murder in the first degree, the Commonwealth must prove the killing was wil ful, deliberate, and premeditated. This is an essential ingredient of tho dime' and .mnst .be proved, and cannot bo presumed; hut like all other operations of tho mind, it; is generally proved, or disproved by the circumstances at tending and surrounding the commission of tho act. Tims were two strangers to meet upon our street and one grossly insult the.other by some indignity to Ills person, which is resented by sending a dagger to the heart of tho aggressor. This would he an act prompted by impulse and passion, not tho result of reflection and delibe ration. Again, were ono man without a word of pro vocation or semblance of excuse, to shoot down a passer by on the street, from tho calm unpro voked nature of tho act, no rational mind would hesitate in pronouncing it a toilful, deliberate apd.premeditated homicide. It is a principle of tho criminal law, that if the jury cntoitain a reasonabie doubt of defend ant's guilt, such doubt ought to produce an ac quittal, and this principal is applicable to the different grades of homicide. Thus if . you doubt whether this crime was committed delib- erately and premeditateAly, such doubt would ho sufficient to acquit of murder of the first de gree, hut if this should bo the only douhl you entertain of his guilt, then ho would ho guilty of murder of the second degree. You will then determine whether tho prisoner caused tho death of the deceased. If ho did not, acquit him. If Jm did, you will then find of what crime he is guilty—manslaughter, mur der of the first, or murder of tho second degree. To reduce; the killing to manslaughter in this Case, tohefh a deadly toenpoft tons Used, it is ne- cessary tlmf the fatal wound should have been inflicted in the heat of passion; caused by an attack on the person ol the prisoner.. If. this is not proved; (and' the proof to ektofinato the clime must be made by tho defendant, after the homicide is proved by (he Commonwealth,) thoh the defendant would ho guilty of murder. If the fatal hloto was inflicted in pursuance of a previously formed design and intention to kill tho deceased, tho prisoner is guilty of murder of tho first degree. But if given upon sudden impulse without a deliberately formed purpose to kill, then ho would he guilty of murder In the second degree. Tho Jury returned a verdict of voluntary manslaughter . MSTITOTION OP THE JUNIOR JIGRICUITD- Mh SOCIETY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.*. Article 1.- This Society shall be styled the Junior Agricultural Society of Cumberland County. Article 2. The object of Ibis Society shall be the advancement of Agriculture in all its branch es and the encouragement of rural economy. • Article 3. The officers shall consist of a Pres* ident, Vice President, a Recording Secretary, a Corresponding Secretary, and a Treasurer, to continue in office one year. All officers to bo elected by ballot at the annual meeting in Jan uary. • - ° Article 4. It shall ho the duty of tlio Presi dent to appoint one member from every town- mee tjngs in their respective town ships for the discussion of agricultural sub jects. Every member so appointed shall re port the minutes to the President. - Article 5. The duties of the President shall be, to preside at all the meetings of the Society, to superintend the general concerns of the So ciety, and to call special meetings. : He may from time to time make such communications Os be may think proper. Article 6. The duty of the Vice President shall be to preside at u meeting, if the Preai dent should not be able to attend. Article 7. The duties of the Recording Sec retary fihall be to attend all meetings. o£ the So ciety—to. keep a, list o( ojl members, to superin tend allj publications ordjercd; by the Society, to “OtTB COUNTRY—MAT IT ALWAYS M RIGHT—-BUT itldilT Oil' WRONG, OUR COUNTRY. 11 CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 16, 1858. giro public notice of all meetings, and kbip a record of all the proceedings. Article 8. The.duties of the corresponding Secretary shall be to correspond with other So cieties and individuals on all subjects of the Society and transmit notices of the appoint ments of honorary members. Article d. The duties of the Treasurer shall bo to keep the money,and property of the Soci ety ; to keep aregular and just account of all receipts and expenditures, to be exhibited at each-annual meeting and when called for, also a list of the members: and when his time of of fice expires to deliver the book funds and prop erty of the Society Id his successor. Article 10.' The Society shall hold a regular annual meeting, in Carlisle on the first Saturday of January of . every year; when all officers of the society for the ensuing year shall, be elec ted, and such other business be transacted ns occasion may require. . Article 11. The President, Vice President, and delegates from each township, together with the Secretaries and Treasurer shall consti tute a Board of managers of the Society. Article 12. The Board of Managers shall meet at least twice a year at such times as shall be provided by the By Laws. In the absence of the President, the Vico President shall pre side, and if the Vico President should not be present a delegate shall be called to the chair. A quorum for business shall consist, of not less, than seven members. - Any members of the So ciety inny be present tit any meeting of the Board of Managers. : . Article 13. Any person may become a mem ber of this society by paying to the Treasurer 50 cents annually: Article 14. The board of managers may elect Honorary members by a vote of two-thirds of the members present. Article 15. The Board of Managers shall have power to make all By Laws, rules and reg ulations as may be proper for the better regula tion and government and to promote the inter ests of the Society. ■, Article 16. The Constitution shall not be al tered except at.a regular meeting; and then on ly by a vole of two-thirds of the members pres ent ; and of which amendment, previous notice Shall have been given by, the Secretary. Article 17. The members,of the society do hereby pledge themselves each to the other that they will support the society, and use their in fluence and opportunities to promote its design. T.: At all meetings of the society< the procee dings as to all subjects of discussion, shall be governed by parliamentary laws, of which the presiding officer shall bo judge: with the right of appeal from his decision to the members present.. ' . . , 2. Reports mfe delegates from the different townships slialpflways be in writing and han ded to the President, as'provided by the fourth article o f ihc Constitution, v In accordance with the fourth article ;! the constitution the following bcßid.of' inpnagers were appointed: ,- ; .7' / ,' ■ ■ ■> S. Außustus.Pague, North Middleton. Wm.■ StuarttSouth MidiMot^j.^, , : Jos. hlaymnn, Monroe. . - -.r.. -: P. W. Hannan, Silver Spring. ; Henry Gocklin. Tipper Allen. ■ Henry Neidig Lpiver. ‘‘ Milton Slayinnn, Hampden, Levi Burnhart, East Pennsbor’o. J. B. Brieker, West. “ . Andrew Sharp, Dickinson. Jaincs Wallace, Frankford. -. Isaac Black, Mifflin. Sharpe Woodburn, Newton. Samuel Adams, Southampton. Josrefllimm. Shinnensbuer twp. CarsoriElliott, Hopewell. The board of managers will meet in the Com mittee room on the second day of .the Fair (Oc. tober 14th.) at 2 o’clock, P. M. By order ol J. 11. BOSLEU, Prcs't. Attempted Assassination or a Clergyman in $ the Pnlpit. , A correspondent of the London Christian Times,' in Amsterdam, Holland, under of August'2, says:— ,An atrocious crime which Happened yester day. (Sunday ) morning, has filled the city with horror. A Jewish lad, about sixteen ytarq of age, has stabbed the Kev. O- Schwartz, miss ionary of the Free Church of Scotland, with a dagger, when that gentleman had just ascend ed his pulpit and wasengaged in prayer. ~ It appears, from what persons who are close- ly connected, with Mr. Schwartz have told me. that the deeply-rooted hatred of the Jewish population of this city against Mr. Schwartz (we number about 24,000 Jews) has been very much increased by some reccent proceeding in the attempt to evangelize that ignorant and stubborn people. When yesterday morning Mr. SchVvartz was about to Conduct the service in his chapel, as usual, it struck every one of his hearers, that there were many Jews assembled near his pul pit, for I learn that usually, scarcely any Jew . attends Mr. Schwartz’s service. Among them tberewas a lad of about sixteen years, Who. ns I am toldj before Mr. Schwartz ascended his pulpit, requested the doorkeeper to be permit ted to set down on the steps of the pulpit, alleg ing that he was rather deaf, and was very anx ious to hear the sermon. Most likely, it was the intention'of this unhappy boy to stab the reverend gentleman when coining up the steps. From some, reason or other, however, ho was prevented from carrying out his plan. But scarcely had Mr. Schwartz ascended the pul pit, and shut the door behind him, than the lad rushed up the steps and tried to open the door. Ho was unable, however, to open if, and so the boy, in order to lose no lime, pushed his hand, now armed with ii dagger, over the door. • It seems that Mr. Schwartz meanwhile had turn ed. perhaps thinking that the doorkeeper had como up to give him some information. He then received a stab in his chest, on the left side, and while trying to turn off the further attack with his" arm, he was wounded in the hand anil arm. Qf course the lad Was immedi ately dragged down, and Mr. Schwartz left the pulpit stained with blood. You may picture to yourself theConsternaiion of the numerous au- ’ ditory. Meanwhile Mr. Schwartz was taken to the nearest surgeon, who applied the first ban- 1 dage to stop the bleeding : then carrried to his 1 house, he was submitted to a further examina- i tion. Soon, we were rejoiced by the intclli- t gence that the wound in the chest (for the olh- < ers are insignificant) did not apycar to bo dan- < gerous. 1 |C7* Ye cannot believe it, men : but the only reason why women ever assume what is more appropriate for you, is because you prevent them from finding out what is fit for themselves. Were they free, were they wise fully to devel op the strength and beauty of women, they would never wish to bo men,- or man like.’ ■KT’In all ranks, those who are gentle and uncomplaining, too candid to intrigue, too deli cate to chorouch, sulfiir much. They sutler long, and. are kind; verily, they-have their re ward;. BY LAWS. J. Frank Culver, Sec'y Dolutitm. THE SONG Of sevejltL ’ , [There are few rhymes for the perusal of old folks, in the whole range of that are more smpdthly \Vordtd’.and'are-imbued with a more soothing spirit, than the annexed little poem affords. It is one of the latter produc tions of Martin Fnrquhns Tupper—and was first published some dozen or fifteen years ago'.] l am not old, I cannot be old, Though three score years and te’n Have wasted away, like a tale that is old, ""The lives of other men. I am not old : though friends and foes ■*, Alike have gone to their graves, And,left me alone to my joys or mv woes, As a rock in the midst of the waves. I am not old, I cannot bo old. Though tottering, wrinkled and gray: Though my eyes are dim, and my marrow is cold. Call me not old to-day. For, early memories round me throng, Old times, and manners, and men. As I look bchind on my journey so long, Of three score years and ten. I look behind and am once more young, Buoyant, and brave, and bold. And my heart can sing, as of yore it sung, Before they called me old. I do not see her—the old wife there—r Shrivelled, and haggard, and gray, But Hook on her blpoming, and soft, and fair As she was on her weddmg day. I do not see you, daughters and sons, In the likeness of women and'men, - But I kiss you now as I kissed you once, My fond little children then. And, as my own grandson rides on my knee, . Or plays with his hoop or kite, I can well recollect I was merry aa he— The bright little wight! ’Tis hot long since, it cannot be long, , My years so soon were spent. Since I was a boy, both straight and strong, . Yet now,l am feeble and bent: A dream, a dream, it is not all a dream ! A strange sad dream, good sooth ; For old as I am, and old as J seem, My hear is full of youth. Eye hath not seen, tongue has not (old, And enr hath not heard it sung, How buoyant and bold, though it seem to grow old, • Is the heart, forever young. Forever young, though life’s old age: Hath every nerve unstrung; The heart, the heart is a heritage That keeps the old man young. Wanted—A Young Man .of Industry, Inlcgtl '■ ty, fee. This meets one’s eyes daily in the column of . “Wants--* ■U)d.li)iu.ac.i»u»-aa~l)io. < -l''Cht&(cti > Dlii' "Wanted . 1 Of course they wanted. The market can never bo overstocked; they will be called for. and never quoted “dull, M dr “no sale.” .Wanted for thinkers, wanted for workers; on the main, in 1 the'Held, and in the vast forests. Tools are lying idle for want of a young man, a pen,is waiting to be wielded, a tree to be felled, a plough to be guided, a village to be founded, a school to be instructed. They talk about staples and great staples. Honest,'industrious, able young men are tlie staples in this world of ours. Young man,you are wanted : but not for a doctor. No, nor a lawyer- There are enough for.this generation, and one or two to spare. Don’t study a pro fession,.unless it is the profession of bricklay ing or farming, or some other of the manual professions. Don’t use tape if you can help it. ft is honorable and honest, and all that: but then, perhaps, you can do no betier. Of all things, don’t rob the women. It is their pre rogative to handle silks .and laces, tape and thread. Put on your hat, like a JVnan, doir an apron, and go.out of doorS. ’OCt a glow on your cheeks, the jewelry of toil-on your brow, and a good set of well developed muscles. iVc , "on Id go, if wo Could : but thed We were young longer ago than we like to think, and you know when one’s “old ho can’t.” Besides, if you become a doctor, you'll have ;o wait. “Because you havn't the experience,” says an old practioncr, “because you are too young.” say all the Women, tf you arc a law yer, and likely.to rise, they will'put a weight ph your head,a la Swiss, to keep you underfor if you make a good argument, some pin oppo nent as gray.as a rat, willkick it all over by some taunt or other, because you wcre*hoi born in theyearone. . And so it will go, until you grow tired and soured, and wish you had been born a tinker, perhaps an immortal one, or any thing but what yob are. Be a farmer and your troubles are over, or father they -never begin. You own what you stand on, from the centre of the earth up to the skiesras they used to say : you are as hit dependent as possible all day, and tired, not weary, at night, for there is a' great difference between the two words, if one stops to think about it. The more neighbors you have, and the better farmers they arc, the more and better for you. ’ • ■ There is one thing more, young man. You are wanted. A young woman wants you.— Don’t forget her. No matter if you are poor, with proper economy you will soon be rich and happy. Don’t wait to be rich, libu need a companion while you live, not after you have done living. Effort is life, and cessation there from, a grand and gloomy 'has been.' So do not wait till your time is all in ycsicrdays ; if you do, ten to one if you are fit to be married at all, to anybody that is fit to be married.— Marry while you are young, and struggle up together, lest in years to come, somebody shall advertise “Young men wauled," and there 'are none to he had.—S. F. Taylor'. low Necked Dresses. In the early days of Pennsylvania there was a law which states as follows; “That if any white female, of ten years or upwards, should appear in any public street, lane, highway', church, court-house, tavern.ball room, theatre, or any other place of public re sort. with naked shoulders, (t.>c. low necked dresses,) being able to purchase necessary clothing, shall forfeit and pay a fine, not less than one or more than two hundred dollars." The closing paragraph of the law, however, permitted women of questionable character to bare their shoulders as a mark of distinction between the chaste and unchaste. This, distinction exists in the minds of all sensible men, without the necessity of any law in relation to the matter. No really chaste and modest woman bares her shoulders, and bo: isom to public inspeciion—at least, so geo Icmcn believe and act accordingly. K7* I’ve heard said that wedlock's like wine —not to be properly judged of till'the second glass. AT $2,00 PER ANNUM. Ferpetdal Sunshine, Bayard Taylor, who last summer made a journey to the North Cape, writes from Hem mcrfcst, Finroark, his impressions of the con tinuous polar (fanlight of the Arctic Ihtrtudedf from which we extract the following : 14 1 am tired of this unending daylight, and w'illlrigly exchange the pomp-of the Arc tic midnight for thc starlight darkness of home. We are confused by the loss of night; we. loSft' the preCcpiidu Of time. One is never sleepy bui simply tired, and after a sleep of eight houis'by sunshine. Wakes up as tired as ever. His sleep at lest is broken'and irregular ;he substitutes a number of short naps, distributed through and finally gets into a slate of general uneasi ness and discomfort. A Hammerfest mcr chant; who has made frequent voyages loSpiiZ bergen, told me that in ibe latitude of 80 de grees he never knew certainly whether it was by day or night, and the cook was the only person on board who could tell them: “ At'first the nocturnal sunshine strikes you os being’ wonderfully convenient. You lose uolhlng of the scenery ; you can read and write ns usual ; you never need be in any burry, be* cause-there is lime enough lor everything. 1 It is not necessary for you to do your day’s work In daytime, for no night cotneth. Yott are nev er belated, somewhat of the stress of life is lif ted oil your shoulders. But, after a lime, you would be glad of an excuse to stop seeing and observing and thinking, and even enjoying. “ There is no compulsive rest, such as dark ness brings—no sweet isolation—which, is the best refreshment of sleep. You lie down in the broad day, and the summons ‘arise’ attends on the re-opening of.your eyes. ■ I. never went below and saw my fellow passengers asleep all aronnd.me without a sudden feeling that some thing was wrong, that they were drugged or under some unnatural influence! that they thus slept so fast while the sunshine streamed in through the port holes.; “ There are some advantages of this North ern,summer which have presented 'themselves to me in rather a grotesque light. Think what an.aid and shelter is removed from.crime—how many vices which can only flourish in the de ceptive atmosphere of night must bO checked by the sober reality of daylight! No assassin can dog the steps of bis victim; no burglar can work in sunshine; no guilty lovers can hold solemn interviews by moonlight—all conceal ment is removed, for the sim, like the Eyeof God, sees everything, and. the secret vices of the earth must be bold indeed, if they can bear his gaze. Morally, as .well as physically, there is safely in light and danger in darkness—and yet give me the darkness and danger! Let the patrolling sun go oil his beat for awhile: and show a little confidence in my ability to behave properly,, rather than worry me we with this slcepelss vigilance.” . Spare Moments. A lcan, awkward hoy came to the door of the school of a celebrated principal, one morn itig, and asked to see. him. The servant eyed liken beggar than anything else, told him to go round to the. kitchen. The boy did as lie was bidden, and soon appeared at the back door. ‘I sliould- Jibe Co See Mr. ■——, ’ said lie. ‘You waul a breakfast more like,” said Che servant girl.'and lean give you that without troubling him.’ , •Thank you,’ said the boy, 'I should like to. see Mr. ——, if he can see me.’ ■Some old clothes may bo you want,’ re marked the* servant again eyeing the boy’s patched clothes. ‘I guess he has none to spare—he gives away at sight.' And without minding the boy’s request, the servant went about her work. ‘Can I see Mr. ,’ again asked the boy; after 'finishing his bread and butler. •Well, he is in the library. If ho must be disturbed, he must. He does like to be alone sometimes,’ said the girl in.a peevish tone. She seemed to think it very foolish to lake such a ho}’ into her -master's presence. How ever she wiped her hands and bade him follow her. , Opening the hbrary.door, she said : ‘'Here's somebody who is dreadful-anxious to see you,- and so I let him in.” I don’t know how the boy introduced him self, or how he opened his business; but I know that after talking. awhile, the principal put aside the volume he, was studying, and taking up some Greek hooks began to examine the newcomer*. The examination lasted some time. Every question the principal asked the boy. was answered leadily. 'Upon my word/eidlaiined ho, ‘you do well,' looking at the boy from head to foot; over his. spectacles. ‘Why, my boy, where did you pick up so much ?” '/». my spare moiiients, 1 answered the boy; lie was a poor, hard working boy. with few opportunities for schooling, almost llttcd for college, by simply improving Ins spare mo, ments. Truly are spare moments the gold dust of limp. How preciops tjiey should be ! What“ac?o’irm"cfan give of~your spare mo* ments ? What can you show for them ? Look and see. This boy can tell you, how much Cflri be laid up by improving them; and there are many other boys, I am afraid, in the jail, and in the house of confection, in the gambling house, in the tippling shop, who if you were to ask them where they began their sinful courses might answer, *ln iHy spare moments.' Oh, be very careful how j*ou spend your spare moments I The tempter always hunt! you out In thetfe small season; when you are not busy he gets into your hearts, if he possi bly can, in just such gaps* . There he hides himself, planning all sorts of; mischief* Take care of the spare moments. — Mrs. JL Knight. ID” To think that two or three yards of damp flax should so knock down the majesty of man! £7” Ilad he. to cut his neighbor’s throat, he'd first sharpened his knife on the church marble. £7" Miamio. daughter of Enoch, was 508 years of age when she married. Take courage, ladies! £7" When pinks are in flower, their beauty may be prolonged by giving them a little shade m mid-day. £7* The character that needs law to mend it is hardly worth the tinkering. £7" Ask a woman to a lea party in the Gar den of Eden, and she’d bo sure to draw up her eyelids and scream. “I can't go without a new gown.” —Doughs Jerald. £7" A lady asked a gentleman the .other day, why. so many tail gentlemen were bachelors. The reply was thpt they were obliged to lay corncrwise in bed, and a wife would be in the way.- The soft arms or affection will not suffice for mo, unless on-them I see the steel bracelet of strength. It id only shallow minded pretenders who either make distinguished origin a matter of personal reproach.. Taunt and scoffing at the humble condition of early lifo affect nobody in America but those who aro foolish enough to indulge In them, and they are generally suffici ently punished by public rebuke. A mttn Who is not ashamed of himself, need not be ashamed of Ins cany condition. It did not happen to hrn| l W= b °a" !n a lo ' cabin = but my elder ■ brothers and sisters were boro in "a log cabin, raised among the snow drifts' Of New Hamp slnre, at a,period so early, that when the smoko n!i e r~ rom .'S r ", clo °himney, and curled over the frozen hills, there was no similar evi dence of a white man’s habitation bctwecn.it and the settlements on the rivers of Canada ' Its remains still exist. I make to it an an unal visit. I carry my children to it, to leach them the hardships endured by the generations which have gone before them.. I love to dwell on the tender recollections, the kindred tics.tho early affections, and the touching narratives and incidents which mingle With all I know of this primitive family abode. I weep to think (hat none of those who inhabited it are now among the living; and .if ever lam ashamed of it, or if ever I fail in afieotionale veneration for him who reared it, and defended it against savage violence and destruction; cherished all " the domestic virtues beneath its roof, and, through the fire and blood of a seven years’rev olutionary, shrunk from no danger, nr tail, no sacrifice, to serve his country, and to' raise his children to tv condition better than his own,may fy name, and 1 thq name of tby posterito, bo blotted forever from the memory of mankind IVcbstcr. NO. 14. • I? tiio old time in Philadelphia, the disciples m tiic faith of William Penn invariably wore the single-breasted drab or snuff-colorcd coat, “’id were strict in' tbeir notion of having the buttons thereof on the left side of tile coat aforesaid. •At a dinner; given by him. Friend Elias Breasy had secured a big buck darkie to tend table, to whom he gaVo imperative orders-to hand things to the guests at the left side. „ _ Thee will always know by their coat buttons, Cnisar. which is the left side.” - Among the guests Was a French gentleman who wore a double-breasted coat —a Worldly garment. The darkie, in handing round the soup, paused behind tire French gcutleuVan, looked at his coat and stood, for a moment, an ebony statue of despair, struggling with doubt and' a plate of socr'p'. Presently he yelled out, “Mass Lias—’taifr't no use—buttons on hot?sides,” and handed the plate to the French guest over his head. “Dat dc fust time I ever seed it man dat waslcff han ded on 1 boff sides uf his coat!” An industrious student once pasted! a placard on his study door, inscriced in big letters, “Be Brief.” It was a significant hint to bores, more blunt than polite, but to the point, and comprehensible to the plainest capacities. “Bo Brief!” Would that it could be pr hi ted on the Speaker's desk in Congressional and Legislative balls, and over the doors of the White Boose! “Be Brief.” Time, flying on with unfalter mg speed, proclaims, “Bußiief!” The people,- whose money you are wasting by your long yarns, exclaim, “Bo Brief,” Your wretched audience, who in their secret hearts are pour ing anathemas on your head, say, with refer* glance, “Be Brief.” Your own reputation echoes the cry, for in this age of business and constant employment, few will read n tong speech, and those who do will think less of the abilities of a man Who does not know bo# to condense. ' • ■ Statesman, orator, preacher, if you wish to carry the hearts of your audiegeem your hand, and leave on tlieir minds an impression favora ble to you and your cause, study to be brief. ; T T JHrfiSlri'a walk ait4- Cont*«ailoir. -- I The editor of the North Carolina Presbyte rian.,,vlio is at the Virginia Springs, bast heard a good story of Speaker Orr and the Rev, Ur. IV., of Lexington. Not Jong since, as the story goes, they wore both at the Warm Springs, and met in a public room of Hie hotel." Ihey liad been sitting with other company,and ; after awhile the Dr. rose and walked across the room with the usual limp in his gait. Jlr. On* immediately recognized him, and asked him if ho were not the chaplain at the Urrirersity of nginia at such a time, naming the year. The Dr. replied he was. ."I was there,” said Mr. Orr, “a student at the University, and I knew you by your limp.!’ “Well," said the Dr.,“it seems my limping made a deeper' impression Cnt you than my .preaching," The joke placed Mr. Uir in an awkward predicament, and most men would have been unable to extricate them selves, but lie replied with ready wit: “All Dr., it is the highest compliment Wo can pay a minister to say he is known by h's italic rather than by his conversation.” A few miles (rain Poughkeepsie, N. sV,theft) now lives, and has hyed/of several years past, a worthy clergymans man. however, vcrV short in stature, . Upon a certain Sunday .about’ eight years ngo, this clergyman was invited by the pastor of a chuf-ch to fill.his pulpit for the. day. The invitation was accepted, and Sunday morning saw Mr. -in the pulpit- Now ft happened that the pulpit was a Very high one and accordingly Very nearly hid the poor little clergyman from view. However, the congfrn gallon, out of respect, managed to heop their countenances, and with pious faces, seemed re ligiously anxious for the text. They Were not ob.iged to wail long, fot- a nose and two little eyes suddenly appeared over the top of the pul pit, and in a squeaking, tremulous Voice, pro claimed in nasal tones the text: , - “Bo of good cheer, it is 1. be not afraid —A-general roar of -laughter fallowed the an nouncement—the clergyman turned all sons of colors. Many in the general uproar left the church, and it was a long time before the min ister was enabled to proceed with a sermon so abruptly broken ofl. Afternoon Came; and the little man standing on the footstool, had a fair view of his audience/ Ihe text was announced in due form. ' “A little while ye shall sec me, and again A halo while ye shall. not see me!” In the course ol his sermon ho repeated hia text with great earnestness, and stepping back lost Ins elevated footing and disappeared from his hearers. The effect may be more readily imagined than described. ■ £7”lt | s the order of nature that children should complete the education, moral and meh tal, of parents, by malrihg them think what is needed for the best culture of human beings/ and conquer all faults and impulses that tOtcr fereyvilh their giving this to those dear objects who represent the world to them. Father, and. mother should, assist one another to learn whalr is required for this sublime priesthood of na ture. .But, for this, a religious recognition of equality is required. , ' £7” On « Canal boat, not a jar, containing preserved fruit of some kind, was under the inspection of several of the male pas sengers. one of whom left it fail. Of course, it was. broken to pieces. The Stewart taming up on hearing the racket, made S great fuss, when the young man who broke thejar exclaimed : “Sir, I broke the jar, what's it worth, I am willing to pay for iK*’ . “Hugh!” said tb'e slerfart, 1 don't eda ad — . \faw the jaw, oney/die the zataves !" 0C?” The. Sunday Atlas, in a (it of revolu- tionary enthusiasm, says; “Hurrah for the girls of 7B!” “Thunder! ” ’ cried a New Jer sey paper; “that’s too darned old. No,hurrah for the gals of 171” £7“lts my belief that that, when, woman was made, jewels were invented only to make her the more mischievous- Tfro Cafe of Ifomo. Both Sides-.- Be Brief. A Short Clergyman,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers