: American volunteer. EVERT, jIIUEBDAY MORNING BX ‘ i joM B. Bratton. TERMS, : -&UDflOßiPTioir.—Ono Dbllar*and Fifty Cents, fetid in advance ;:Two ! Dollara if paid within the loarj 'dnd Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, if not .‘paid wUh'fnthe'yoar. These forms will be rfg fdiyadhbrcd toinovcry instance. Nosubscrlp dlbodlßContinued until fill’arrearages are paid Unless at the'option of the Editor.* ■ ;Advebti9emknxs— Accompanied by the cash, and not exceeding one square, will be inserted three times for one Dollar, and twcnty*ilvo cents for qnylr additional insertion. Those of a great, br.lengtfi in proportion, 1 JoD-Pnnmyo—Such ns Hand-bills, Posting. - bills. Pamphlets, Blanks, Labels, &c., &c., oxc- yitU neenrary and.at the shortest notice. Nalivcism-Enow-Nothingism. SPEECH OF MB. WO, .- , OP WOUTIIUMDBIU.AND COUNTT. Delivered in the House of Representatives, at . Harrisburg, March 23,1855. The Committee of the Whole having under consideration the joint resolutions entitled ‘Res* ’ olutloha relative to the rights of foreigners,’ Sir. - donNSON rose and said: • • • * # • • * .1 shall not undertake to reply to the undig nified declamation of the gentleman from Alle gheny.(Mr Smith.) It would bo almost im fiosaiblo for mo to follow him through the dc aits ofhis remarks, even if I desired so to do; for when T find ft gentleman who. nt this day. ' is liatdy enough to stand upon this floor and ' kay'thathe don’t know that there is an order of persons commonly called Know-Nothings— ’’that he-don’t know that there is such an order in existence —Hose confidence in hrs integrity ' nnd voracity, and am unwilling to believe any -1 thlhg'he says. You know, Mr. Chairman, and I know, and evcryngenllcman upon this floor knows that there is such an order, and the number com posing that order is by no means small. I know that these men have a secret name by 'which they call themselves; but that does not , relievo them from falsehood when they deny that thcy-arc what the public call, and what ftro everywhere notoriously known as Know- Nothings. Sir. they go by the name of Know- Nothings, and if the public are wrong, or if they dont like that name, then-let them in form the public what their true name is. Suppose a : roan should he indicated by t nautc that everybody knew him, ami upon Ins arraignment he should plead, in abatement, anolfyr name—somo secret name—and be would bring witnesses to the stand who would prove that, in some other place nnd some other country, some persons called him by a diflercnt name or adozen different names, would such plea ami such proof avail him? Not at all.— ~Tho Court would .say to him ; *Sir. your name is the appellation yon st) by; it is that by which you arc culled and known, ami this is one of them; hold up your right band nnd plead to the indictment, or wc will put in a plea for you, and grt on with the trial.’ Now, sir, I care not what secret name they go by —I rare not what doctrines they leach in secret. I will not discuss the principles of the i- order, and be dependent upon the gentleman himself for a verbal version, extracted from him bypiccj tncii. If tic Is afraid to publish hspnn ciplcs to the world, let him keep them to him self. I shall never join the order to find out ,'vrhat they arc: and so long as I find him deny *•,, '|ng his knowledge of the existence of the order, ,"I have a right to say that I disbelieve every '' .word he says about the principles of that or- sfcr,.,. But, Mr. Chairman, aside from fhcnrinci sffir ,|>Jcs of the order, what has he proclaimed to he TO. '.his own principles? Why, sir. he is in favor iif extending the period for the probation of - 'foreigners coming to this country, from five to /twenty one, years-, and in reply to the remarks t, of the gentleman from Adams,(Mr. M’Clkan.) 4 that the doctrines of Know-Nothingism are tcor.tc than the alien and sedition laws, he savs lie thinks they arc better,‘decidedly bettor, for the period of probation by the alien and sedi tion laws was only fourteen,whereas wo ‘Amer- ~«* leans,* he says, go for twenty oncycnrs. And i>’ then he exclaims, what right have these igno i> rant foreigners to a voice in the affairs of our government, while the man of color, (ho poor negro who was bom upon the soil, and the poor Indian, whose ceunlry wc occupy, and who ; fought for us, are deprived of that privileged— ;• When a died by the gentleman fnj/n PbilmleJ fJl tibia (Mr. Cakusi.k) whether the Know-Noth ‘V lugs did not prohibit their members from vot i,i<» for persons who professed tho ('atholic re i-./ ligion, be renlied that he did not know—he did If not know wlial the gentleman meant by Know f-.- Nothings. In replying to the allusions made by the gen llenmn from Adams (Mr. MVi.f.an) to the val liable services rendered tins country by (Jens. y : \ Kosciusko. l)e Kalb, and other for ‘ .cigners. he adopted the language and the sen , .thuents of the gentleman from the city, (Mr. Mounts.) and trimnphanlly exclaimed, let the •' liara/ ileicemliiuls of Lafayette, Kosciusko an«l Jlc K«lh come lo this country: I,will be ono of A the llrsi and foremost to give lo them the Cy; rights of citizenship in%nediatdy, and without ' r \~ i f lll / probation whatever.’ This they would V- rjjoth do for gratitude’s sake: but in the name • A-., fjt gratitude to Lafayctto and Kosciusko, they would never consent to the immigration of lo gins of paupers and criminals to impoverish jWi« country and endanger our liberties, arc the positions assumed by the gen £lstncn favoring the passage of these resolu tions. and ns they are both pleased lo style ibqmHelvDS ns belonging to the American party, Ljakc it for granted that their positions arc n fair exposition ol •Americanism —Native Amcr l&mlsm'—or in other words, Know-Notbing (gm, to which I think we may safely add the religious intolerance, well known lo bu a car dinal principle of the order, and about which they refuse lo make any avowal, and even ro fpAo to bo catechised. doclryies. I contend, arc anti-Amcri ckn, contrary to the true principles of republi canism. contrary to the wisdom of the age and he lives, examples, speeches and Father of his Country, his co ;anse of American liberty, and 1 truly great men that have liv lay to tilts. They lake away ic governed n voice in the gov- Inblishing (hat the government belongs to those of either native blood. To those born upon the I extend tho rights of citizenship the government the bat* o those of foreign birth only, r» were meritorious—to tho ‘Jin- l ’ of Lafayette, Kosciusko and lo they tauntingly suggest to from Adams, (Mr, M'Olban.) hunt them out from among the vn-trodden Europe. Admitting .12.5 n *. c P L Uro Wtt, ‘ k of-mcritin fcertdoii/e thcmselvca, hut cstab*. :tnno that no matter how degen may l>o. Uiq merits of his anaca •o lum preference. »Ia tbln t lm ncrican rcpuhhcanlsml lias llm the Declnratim, „f Independence ity? Instead of tail men being is blood and birth to betho.tcst ? Are the American .people to elves by the admission that they janablo of judging men by their mliici, but must bo governed by vry rules founded unon tlio acci md ancestry? And is this rule vpnstructed as to refuse to the miellU \ 1 -„ arid patriotic the rights of citizenship and • .\2fe etfOtf»P. franchise, because of tho place of ••>wSrAiW‘ aild Kivo'thcse privileges lo the un> (i|uoj't{Qnd barbarous savage of tho forest,and /ffiefndojent, unnatural and ignorant negro.bo* ' bpdf iftf 'wcre horn npbn the soil. llr.'^Monnis.—Will the gentleman allow mo io Rak him a question? /^/ ; / n^ / BY JOHN B. BRATTON. YOL 41. Mr. Johnson. —Certainly; and I will an swer him truly, if I can. Mr. Mounts.—Dora not the Bible say tho righteous shall inherit tho earth! Mr. Johnson. —The gentleman’s question reminds me of the Puritan fathers. It is said that when they were colonizing Massachusetts, they ascertained, by trading with the Indians, that along the valley Of tho Connecticut river an abundance of corn could be raised, and that the land was otherwise very desirable.— They were a very pious people, ns all know— so pious. Mr. Chairman, that they afterwards drove the Quakers out of the country for their impiety. Mr.'WniOMT, interrupting.—T wish to cor rect the gentleman. They not only drove the Quakers out of tho country, but actually per secuted them to death. Mr. Johnson, resuming.—Mr. Chairman so far ns the details of the persecution is con cerned. I stand corrected. But, sir, I deny that persecution even to death is more enor mous than expatriation. The principle is all the same. The intolerance is the enormity.the consequences the choice of the vicrim. What difference, then, whether the innocent and un offending Quaker chose, for the sake of his country, his religion, and his God, to laydown his life, a martyr to the rapacity of religious fanaticism, nr whether he chose a second time to seek the enjoyment of liberty of conscience in a strange land, the border of a vast and al most boundless wilderness, inhabited only by beasts of prey, and men as fierce and wild as they. lint. Mr. Chairman. lam digressing. These Puritan fathers wanted to possess themslvcs of the country, and being opposed to the provo cation of an unjust war upon those savages who had always been friendly and traded with them, they called a meeting of the church (o consult together; for, like *he gentleman from I the city, (Mr. Mourns,! they must have Divine j authority to do what conscience dictated should not be done. They met. and after much engi 1 talion, an old (bacon arose and oflercd the fol- 1 lowing resolution : j ‘He olrcil, That the righteous shall inherit 1 the earth ' ] No man could gainsay this resolution, for it was couched in the very language of the Scrip tures. The resolution was gravely considered and adopted. The deacon then arose and of fered another resolution : I R -sol ml , That we are the righteous.’ 1 This was another poser. Whosoever should 1 gainsay this resolution, would by implication I subject himself to the punishment inflicted up- 1 the •unrighteous’ Quakers. This resolution ' was gravely considered and adopted. A bene- \ diction was pronounced, meeting dismissed, i and straightway the old deacon could be seen at the head of a company marching off to the volley of the Connecticut, to destroy the Indian | settlements and kill or drive their Inhabitants away, so that the Divine decree,that the right eous shall inherit the earth, might be put in execution by one of the most righteous men in all New England. Mr. , Chairman, the scrip lures were not at fault. , It was their misappli cation. He who issued that decree was able to execute it, and Ho alpnc, for Ho nlono could judge who the righteous , were. And-this is 1 , my answer to the gentleman from *tho city: Beware that you do not evil, that good may come. Sir. these resolutions arc selfish. Tho doc trines of Native Americanism, tending ns they do (o seclusion,secrecy and Know-Notliingism, are selfish ami intolerant. They arc like the self righteousness of the Puritans—they would drive from the country or compel io live in deg radation. those whose tenets of religious belief should be contrary tn theirs, and those who.by the accident of their birth or blood,could never omie within ! lie narrow limits of their contract ed policy. Blood, binh and religion are the essential prerequisites in nil monarchies to qualify and give title to the heir who claims the crown. lyook at England—proud, aristocratic and mighty England! Unit'd l>v« wnmnn. because she was able to enilxidy in her claim Ihe hncil ilfsrrut —honor blood and better birth. I-ook nt England—haughty. aristocratic. powerful, aye, degnuhd England—look and hearken— hear her millions groan! She hits her royal family—she has her aristocracy: yes. and she has her starving massi-s. And it matters not wheihef yon rail a government a republic, an aristocracy, a monarchy or an absolute des potism, establish the doctrine that none but those of heller blood nnd better birth, and a spccifhd religion shall inherit not only the earth, but the fat of tho land, and you trill have the starving masses of England and Ger many. tho poverty wretchedness of Italy, and the serfs and slaves of Russia. For when you takeaway from man his equality with his fel low, you crush his ambition and the noblest impulse of the human heart, by removing ho yond his rcneti the just objects of ids emula tion—you make him a mere chattel of the soil, and degrade him to a level with inferior ani mals. It is said we must protect ourselves against tho influx of paupers from European countries. To this sentiment 1 most heartily subscribe.— I will go as far as any man to prevent this J country from being made a Botany Uny for all j Europe. But let us apply the doctrine, and \ be careful that we do not misapply it. Who ' arc paupers? 1 deny that a hale, robust man 1 or woman, although they may ho just landed from the ship, nnd without a dollar to invest in ' the goods or lands of tho country, is a pauper. ' No man or woman in good health, possessing! the elements of industry, is a pauper. Tho great source of wealth to any country is labor. As the mountains of Spain. Mexico and South America stand up like monuments of tho tran sient wealth and present barrcncss of those countries, so may he seen among us hero and there, a family of whoso better days nothing remains but blood nnd birth—too lazy to work, too proud to beg, nnd too honest to steal, they drag out a miserable existence— poor as Lazarus and proud ns Lucifer, loafers upon the community ami drones upon the great body politic, consuming more than they produce, /men! of better people! I don't doubt but in a few instances somo of tho petty kingdoms of Germany have, out. of their abundance of paupers and criminals, shipped some of them to this country: for this blood and birth system of government they have adopted, tho consequences of which to the masses in' the descending scale is poverty,star vation nnd crime, has brought upon them a Superabundance of paupers and criminals. A pauper and a criminal arp easily defined. .•By a pauper, I understand to be ono who has become a charge upon tho public charity: and by a criminal, wno who has been convict cd of crime. If (bo gentlemen dualro legislation agalnstithoso classes of persons, why not say Bo *.. .! lt ourselves'of tho evils of aristo crat! aal ana monarchiel governments, it' will not do for us to establish that system of gov eminent which necessarily creates and coutin unlly in-odnccs Uicm. fclso by tho time wc have fairly closed our doors against tho paup ,'"”vm 1)0 c ™pcllcd toVn escape^ 1 " *^ V ° ° l rWn an °PP ortuilit y t 0 I repent, it, sir, a stalwart, hearty man or woman, though thby bo landed upon our Cy fr,jx <«;> 10 - 'rt-j - . jii v i ' : j '‘OUR COUNTRY—MAT'IT ALWAYS 88-^failT —DCT RIGHT OR WRONG, OUR COUNTRY." shores without a dollar in their pockets,arc not paupers. Hundreds and thousands of the wealthiest men of the country are from among that class of persons; and with that class of persons, their wealth is all gain to the coun try, for it isobtained by lalfor. not inherited. And if thfcso persons, by industry, intelligence and good moral deportment, arc able to satisfy the public of their usefulness.insomuch that the people elect them to responsible of offlces.suro ly nobody is to blame but the people them selves, if blamablc at all. In the borough of Easton repose the ashes of George Taylor, one of the immortal signers of (hoDeclanvtion of Independence, an Irishman by birth, who. to secure a passage to this country, entered into voluntary slavery. He shipped under the law as it was at that time, and when he landed in America, he was sold at auction into servitude to pay for his pas sage. His purchaser was the owner of the Durham mines and fumaoo. in the upper part of Bucks county. He served out his time.and performed such service as his employer direct ed, and afterwards hired to work by the day. He arose step by step in the estimation of his fcllow-citizcns, filling such offices and places as wore entrusted to him. until he become on® of the Justices of the Court: and at last hav ing discharged all Ins public duties with fideli ty. he was chosen a representative in the Con tinental Congress, and affixed his name to that Instrument of writing which is doomed to live as long as the English language remains. The people of Easton cherish his memory ns one of the sages of tho Revolution: and tho old stone house in which he lired. is still pointed out to the stranger as a relic of the past, worthy of note atrd recollection. In this epuntrv, sir. the people are not tho servantsof the officer.hu t the officer is theservant of the pconle: and who among us is willing to set himself np against the people, and thev are incapable of choosing their own ser vant*? Yet the tendency of this proscriptive doctrine is to say to the people, you may choose vour officers, hut yon must limit your choice to a particular class of men. Wo have heard of limited monarchy: this would be a sort of limited liberty. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from the city referred to Boman citizenship; told us how Homan citizenship was only conferred upon those who had homo the Roman eagle in her triumphs: and how the exclamation. Tam a Roman citizen,’was a sure protection from in soil wherever hoard. This is all very true.hut* proves nothing connected with these resolu tions. Is not an American citizen everywhere , respected, and will not the exclamation. *T am Inn American citizen.'* protect from insult 1 whatever heard? Tn what country upon the face of this earth is the American people or , American citizenship disregarded? And when S and hv whom was this national character es tablished? Surely the invisible ordw cannot 1 claim this ns one of their triumphs! And Amcr i ican citizenship, as it is known and every- I where honored by the different nations of the earth, makes no invidious distinction between 1 tho native horn and the adopted citizen.— Why. then, -shall wo bo overanxious to change a By ft. (e rtyo fgo ye rji men £ that, hi fit urd ujWrnhe American name?" : : *'“ i Tho irontelemnn from the city (Mr. Morris) has held a diplomatic position under the Unit ed Slates at a foreign court, and he says he : speaks from experience and his own observa tion. and he knows that European govern ments look upon us ns a people made up of tho dregs of other countries; and therefore he sites the letter of • Mr. Jefferson to Mr. Short, in which he says no American should he trusted I in a foreign country more than six or seven , years. And from this the gentleman argues that we should hare a constitutional restric tion to prevent persons of foreign birth from being appointed to any diplomatic office. T have no objection to the position of Mr. Jefler- , son. but all this can lie accomplished without . a constitutional restriction. } Indeed Mr fninirman the gentleman from l*>o rilv has made himself a bring witness to the truth nf Mr. Jefferson's position: for, if T j recollect right, ho was hut two nr three years I nt a foreign court, nnd although ‘native and to I the manor born.’ he has romc hark In us with j certain odd notions of government and royalty | wholly irreconcilable with a proper republican i j spirit. lam airare that some of our American ■ people, when ther got abroad and admitted to the circles of royalty, imbibe sort of aristocrat ic notions, nnd are often called home with tho very smell of royally on their dollies. But, sir. the gentleman has gone further. lie has done what T would not have supposed there was a man in Pennsylvania dared to do. lie has heard tho sneers and jeers of European aris tocracy against American citizenship, and al though an official of the United States, he has not only neglected to correct the misrepresen tation upon the spot, but has come back to us, nnd here, on the floor of tho Pennsylvania Leg islature. ho has the effrontery to rise and reas sert the vile calumny,nnd make it an argument in favor of the passage of these resolutions No. Mr- Chairman. America is not com posed of the “dregs of Europe. ” Royalty may alVect to believe that wo arc an Inferior people, because wc do not make birth and blood a pre requisite to honor and distinction, but their re collections nf American prowess and American statesmanship are too vivid to allow them to come to any such conclusion. I am aware that the sycophants to royalty regard us with a great deal of jealousy, nnd seek to vent their 1 prejudice by making such assertions whenever they can find a man who is (pardon the low word) “toady" enough to listen to them. - In solence like tins should be rebuked noon tho spot, nnd they should bo taught that between individuals nn American arm can do what be tween nations American arms have done. Therein still another reason why I subscribe to the doctrines of Thomas Jefferson, cited by the gentleman from thp city. As Amcric&tis we have a mission to perform. We should,not only ofler an asylum , for the oppressed of all’ nations, but wo should let tho light' of our re* pubiicanism so shine that mankind everywhere would bo .compelled ,to acknowledge the good* ness of otir government and purinstltutiona.;—; Our march of progress Jiag. been bo. rapid that to keep up requires aslcadypaco. He whqhas been absent from tho country ejghtor.tenyears, naturilly fhlls behind and ceased to bb.a fair representative of American customs and Ameri can institutions, lie should bo called homo and his place should bo supplied by another fresh from tho rank and (lie of the people, well booked in American interests and thoroughly acquainted with.and strongly attached .to. A tnerican institutions. Tf ho has these ho will make a pood . representative abroad, without regard to liis bipod or birth. .TbQ fqrqiguers who come to tbia country may have some local attachments. The carfyi afc Bocifiliops of life, the. home of childhood and the scenes of vOUth arc seldom, if ever, completely obliterated from the human.mind. Butainong the associations of homo and youth that ac company the oppressed of down-troddon Europe to this country, there will bo found very few cherished recollections of royalty. Tho royal cuhg ol Queen Victoria arc as odious and con temptible in the sight of an Irishman as the hopping toads and crawling serpents of Amcri* M*lKWl".<a,-ffu —i-v-m’ ll -■<■-■) T.wl ■—r— ■ ,kw»e,- ••', , CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY; MAY B r W5« ca. Inquire of the Ktiingarian his'opinion of Austria, brof the Polandcr how lie likes the Autocrat of Russia; -They have seen royalty and felt it; ,but ncvcr'ltastcd anything but its bitterest consequences. \ They loatlio its very existence. ,To rid thctnselrcs of its blighting curse they forsake home and nil its tender en dearments, family; frichds, and sometimes for tune, and fly tothis*.'the land of the free and the homc of the brave.!’ There is no reason, therefore, for the position taken by the gentle man that immigrants, when elevated to equali ty with.lho native boni citizen, arc more likely* - to turn against'tho country of their adoption. I come- Chairman, to notice the very earnest; exhortations of the gentle man from the city, we should regard the liberties of our count!*#os a rich inheritance, and be ready at Id!' times to guard them with a watchful and a-jealous’eyc. If T thought the occasion a-ftt dnev.ahtWuch exhortation neces sary, I would.Jiriirkily t join him and beseech everybody .everywhereto guard well the good inheritance. , But it is Iny opinion (hat if ever the liberties of this, couhlry are lost to the A racrican people, it ivilljnot be for the want of patriotism, but it‘will be the consequence of misguided t£b\ producing jealousy and discord until, in the languagc.of the great Washington himself, one portion of. the country becomes alienated from the rest-, - and thus the sacred tics which now bind together the various parts will become enfeebled, is here apprehended ns a frequence of sectional jealousy and local | factiona l npprenend may be brought about by I an alienation of classes.- The gnllcman from tjic city took ocasion to refer to Romepnrta of Washington’s farewell address, in winch he exhorts us to “beware of foreign influence,” &'cl I have carefully read that address, and although I find the words quoted by hun.-Tcannot see the application he seeks to give to them.*-1 am notin the habit of extracting the sayings of great nrtn and holding them up as guiding stars. I think .sir, we are liable to bo led’astray, and to give to the words of those men a meaning which they never intended. "AfiiJ*so, in this instance,! cannot give to the words “foreign influence" the construction which the gentleman seeks to give. IVe must rpmember that at the time this address was written the country was beginning to he agitated by parly,-spirit. Federalists and Democrats wore tnc'iinVhes that were beginning to be applied to these parties. Whigs and To-, ries were disappearing, but the recollections of the Revolution were fresh in the minds of all.— Some, in the' formatioirof the government,were for copying after the British, and some after the French ; and when party rancor began to run high pome werocripunatcd for being under British influence and others for being under French. This was called a “foreign influence.” It was a national influence, and hence General Washington warns ps to beware of foreign in fluence —beware of tod much hatj-od to the Brit ish. or 100 much love for the French. ■ Had ho meant that we should beware of the influence of /omgncr* nmong.itWbe would have said so. but nowhere has he used-such language, or any language that will-admit of such construction. , On the,contrary,-I-And in that address "the following plain and ,onmlatoknblo.languftgo4~ •‘lnterwoven asls the love dt : every ligament of your hearts, no recommenda tion of mine Is necessary to fortify or confirm (ho attachment. "The unity of government, which constitutes you one people, Is also now dear to yon. It is justly so : for it is a main pillar the edifice of your real independence : two support of your tranquility at home: your pence abroad ; of I your safety : of vour prosperity ; of that very liberty which you so highly prize. But ns it I is easy to forscc. that, from different causes and from different quarters, much pains will he taken, many artifices employed, to weaken in your minds the conviction of this truth : as this is the point of your political fortress, against 1 which the batteries of internal and external enemies will be most constantly and actively (though often covertly and insidmushf) direct ed, it is of infinite moment that you should properly estimate the Immense value of your national union to your collective and individual happiness : that you should cherish a cordial, habitual immovable attachment to it: accus toming yourselves to think and speak of it ns ( of the palladium of your political safety and ; prosperity ; watching for its preservation with I jealous anxiety: discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it can. in any event, he abandoned; and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of every at tempt to alienate any portion of oar country from the rest, or to enfeeble the sacred tics which now link togclhcr the various parts. ‘•For this you have every inducement palhy and Interest. fVisena by birth or choice, of a common country, that country has a right to concentrate your affections. The name of American, which belongs to you in your nation al capacity, must always exalt the just pride of patriotism, more than any appellation derived from focal discriminc/mii.t. With slight sha/les of difference, you have the same religion, habits and political principles ; you have, in n com mon cause, fought and trumped together ; the independence and liberty Jtjou possess, are the xrorfc of joint counsel and joinf efforts, of com mon dangers, sufferings ond successes. ” I regret very much that any gentleman, to support an argument, sliould deem it necessary and proper to force upon the farewell address of (Jen. Washington any construction it will not warrant. It is indicative, Mr. Chairman, of the wretchedness of his cause, and the reck lessness of its advocates. When I cite an au thority, T would prefer an adjudicated princi ple, and I suppose there never was more delib eration exercised by npy body upon any sub ject than was exercised by the Continental Con gress when they were preparing the Declara tion oflndcpcndcnco. And ns this Congress was composed of men of undoubted patriotism and great statesmanship. 1 will refer the gentle men to a single passage. It Is one of the charge* • against the King, held by those men as a good reason for absolving the allegiance of the Col onics; “lie has endeavored to prevent Ihe pop ulation of these States; for that purpose oh-, slructing the laws for naturalization of foreign ers, refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations' hither,” &o. It is in vain that 'gentlemen labor to show from.anything that ever fell from tho Ups or the pen of either Washington or Jeflorson, a ten dency towards the pros-riptivc* doctrines of Na tive Americanism, as embodied in tho resolu tions now under consideration. It never enter ed Juto tlie hearts of either of these ( great men to conceive tiie enormity of a proscription which hides its deformed head Aniu tiie light of day and shelter itself behind tho secrecy of Know- Notliingism, and does not oven then feel itself secure until it has administered to its guard iaiis.tbo most blasphemous' oaths of fealty to tho order.and, to each other, i object to these resolutions booauso of tlicir tendency to secret organisation. If ever the liberties of’our country nro undermided, it-wlll bo by secret political societies—a kind of soci ety for which, in this country, there con bo no apology.- I bavo beard on tho grounds that in Italy, Vranco, Austria, and aorao other parts of Europe tho Republi cans bavo organized themselves into secret so- ;H. IB',-,:*' ■'^ , j I >- V9T- ! ! TjA ' ■ iffl'-v ' iSrtß : ' ■ ~1 r ' i ;: ! i'l 1 1 : (i/ ' r 1 Bjfl-r'i | B H -'I W ’W B '-Jr j ciolica. This however, is no justification. In those countries the entertaining.of Republican principles is a capital oflenco. and Republicans are compelled to either meet in, secret or not meet at all. Their object is to overthrow the government. Not so in this country* Here no man- is punished for opinions saxo. ■ The Constitution guarantees to all men the right to assemble peaceably, and to express their senti ments upon all subjects. Why, then, do these men prefer darkness rather than light ? Have they tho same plea that ttio revolutionary soci- Europe have ? .Do they desire to over turn the government 1 % They would not like to be charged with any such design, and yet wo know they seek to violate the fundamental principles of our government: Liberty of con science, liberty 10 worship God according to the dictates of conscience is no longer enjoyed without molestation. Already the word is gone forth that he who worships according to tho Catholic religion, can hold no office of either honor or profit by the voice of the people, for their members ore sworn to vote for no such person. Nowonder, ll\cn, they prefer dark ness to light. For. •*- . ■ ’Tis cowards fight by night, While valiant men would have the sun should witness what they do.” What would wo think of a constitutional re striction declaring that none but a particular of persons should bo elected to (bo Legislature, so that this body would be composed of all lawyers, all doctors, all preachers, all farmers or merchants, as the case might bo? Would it not he considered very uuwisc as well as un just ? And would we not have a repetition of; what our forefathers complained, and which led j to the war of the Revolution ? Would we not! have taxation without representation ? And i what else do these re?*©! ti I ions propose ? Those! of foreign birth are to have no vote—no voice In 1 the government, and yet they arc to be taxed— taxed and not represented. Sir, if I had absolute control I would give to every white freeman who is taxed, and who produces proper evidence of his fealty to the Constitution, a vote. I would have everv in terest represented in the State and National Legislature, and to accomplish this I would place no obstructions in the way of tho people clecling.whom they should please to elect.— Such, however, is the government we have.and such it is my desire and determination to pre serve to the utmost of my ability' - . The liber ty wo enjoy is the patrimony of our ancestors ; and I heartilv join with tho gentleman from the city (Mr. Morris) in his exhortation to guard and transmit this boon, unimpaired, to posterity. But, I cannot consent to exclude one class of posterity from its enjoyment, as he proposes to do. Sir, the liberty we enjoy is not our own to dispose of as we may think proper. We, of the present day, have inherited it from our an cestors. We enjoy but a life estate, upon con dition that we transmit it unimpaired in the least degree.to posterity, according to tho terms of the express limitation upon which we have -received it. This, then, should be our con stant zeal to carry into effect tho true intent npd meaning of those to whom wo arc indebted ‘ .for-ihft.ffwt boon. * . Who, then, aro our ancestors? Who are tho fathers of our, country I > The fathers of liberty 7 ‘Go to Hie Continental Congress.— Scan tho names of (he signers of tho Declara tion of Independence and soo how manv of the foremost among them were of foreign birth, or boasted superior blood ! How many were of the Protestant ami how many of tho Catholic religion. Rend over the sacred declaration : notice tho charge made against tho King, al ready quoted, and almvo all things don’t forget to note that not one word is anywhere breath ed. not a single suggestion anywhere made, from which it jnav in any way 1)0 inferred that those venerable patriots ever, for a single mo menl. thought of entertaining or making the least possible distinction in favor of this or that religion, and in all that was ever said for and against the character, statesmanship and pa triotism of those men. by either Britons or To ries. it docs not appear that even those persons wlio out of the malignity of their hearts might have been expected to indulge in charging them with a design to appropriate tho offices and privileges of government to themselves and their lineal descendants, ever even doubted tho sin cerity of their conduct on the ground that they were either foreigners or of the Catholic relig ion. No. Mr. Chairman. This is called a now doctrine and a new order, but it is only new to I ns of the present day. Uis os old as the Eng , lish aristocracy, ami has always been advoca ted by the monarchies of Europe. All that is new about it will) us is ibe manner of present ing it to the people. As republican and liberal doctrines can only bo taught, and as republi cans can only assemble in secret where intoler ant and despotic tyrants rule, so here in a re publican government where freedom of speech and freedom to assemble in open day arc tolera ted, can intolerant, illiberal and anti-republi can doctrines be taught, ai)d intolerant, illiber al and anti-republican assemblages be held,but in tho secret and dead hour of the night. Sir, if tho doctrine of this new order is cor rect, and if we are to adopt it, we must un learn nil that heretofore we have learned. Wo must wipe out all th&t Jeflorson, Madison and all tiie good and the groat whoso names adorn tho American galaxy have ever said, and we must begin anew. Anew ! Yes, and to learn what ? Why. sir, we are to learn what our fathers iried to forget. The alien and .sedition laws will have to. be ro enacted, and the de scendants of tho Tories of the Revolution—'the Cow Boys of Nova Scotia—will have to be call ed home to add to this new order of things the purity and lineality of their Wood. Sir, I have no patience with gentlemen who support this doctrine. It seems to mo like solemn mockery to hear them declaiininpal*oiit tlicir ancestors, and the sires who fought for our liberties. In Heaven’s name ulio were tho men who fought for tho liberties of our coun try 1 Where were they born ? La Fayette was a Frenchman. DeKolb was a German, Kos- • ciusko and Pulaski were Polanders, Steuben was a Prussian, Gates was an Englishman,ppd last, though not least, the bravo, the “ Hon hearted" Montgomery, who ©fibred up! .his life ' for American freedom before tho walls of Que bec, .was a son of tho Emerald .Isle. . Yea, Mr. Chairman, he was what is called now-a-days A . foreign pauper: a' poor, degraded Irishman.— And yet history has emblazoned his name upon her scroll. High on tho list among tho defend ers of. llis adopted country,, where the foul breath of fanaticism cannot reobh. Beyond the toufch of treasonable hands to tarnish, stands tho name of Richard Montgomery, as noble a soul ns ever walked Qod's earth, and as bravo a man an ever wore steel by his side. Strike from tho list of our country’s defenders the names of any of these men, and * tho - record of our national greatness will bo but half made up. Without tho services of Steuben to drill atod discipline our army, what Would it have been! wortli to even Washington hlrosclfl General Washington could not bo omnipresent. When the 'Lieutenant General of tho British army, sought to complete tho connection of their lincof operations from Canada to New York, .and Uvhen after two days fighting the “whole army AT 32,00 PERANNCiI. N0.'47. under Gen. Burgcyoe had laid down their arms at Saratoga and surrendered to Gen. Gates," and when Qcn. Wilkinson, the special messen ger, had announced to Congress the ever mem orable and laconic intelligence. “We hare met the enemy and they are ours." then it was that ihe American heart began to beat quick—then did Americans begin to fee! that the day of their trial would some time pass away. But there wore many nobio and brare men doomed to die before the great work could yet be ac complished. So great a purchase could not ho made without tho price in blood being paid down. Go next to Camden. See tbo splendid array of the British Southern army opposed by tho militia and volunteers under Ocn. Gates. Sec the militia fly tho field at the first fire of the enemy, and tho 800 volunteers under De- Kalb march forward to certain destruction.— Then amidst tho shouts of the victorious, tho screams of tho wounded, tho groans of the dy ing, the clank of clattering steel and the crash of arms, behold the stalwart German opposing has manly breast to tho showers of leaden hail and sheets of flame that roll In upon our Spar tan band* Band to hand ho bnlndlsncs his trusty sword, while the minions of tyranny blto tho dost on cither side, until suffocated with smoke and bleeding at every poro.ho falls fighting on his knees, and tell me then il there is no bravery in men of foreign birth. Why. sir. it is said (hat when in that helpless condi tion and a dozen bayonets were abo tit to pinion him to the earth, a British officer recognizing him threw himself upon his body and exclaim ed “Save—Bare the Baron DeKnlb, for in alt England there iff no braver man than he." And yet, sir, webro told that birth apd blood are tho only sure guarantees of good citizenship and soldiery. , But, Mr. v Chairman, notwithstanding the few vitcorics wo had obtained, and the loss of blood and treasure we had sustained, there was still a dark cloud hung over thecauseof Amer ican liberty. When nil was dark nnd gloomy, when our fathers began to bow their heads and bend their galled necks to receive the British yoke, who is that young foreigner that makes his appearance upon our soil ? lie proceeds at once to Gen. Washington and asks only for a commission. •Why.’says Washington, “we have no men. no money, lio clothing ; -we can give you no supplies." “Give mo," said he. “the commission Out of my own private purse I will raise my regiment, clothe and feed them without a dollar from your government." It was done, and again the sons of freedom be gan to hope. Yes, Mr. Chairman, wo have lived to see the full fmtjtion of that hope. Prom that hour forth the morning began to dawn Victory after victory followed, until Washing ton and Lafayette on tho land, nnd OcGrassc in the harbor .compelled tho whole British array under Lord Cornwallis, at Yorktown, to lay down their arms and surrender. Sir, I doubt very much whether the war of independence would not have been abandoned if it had not been for the interposition and friendly aid rendered our country by General Lafayette, notwithstanding the help we had re ceived from other foreigners. Then, sir, I repeat the question, who were our ancestors that wo heap so much about ? Who is it that w© hare received this great in heritance from ? And seeing that we have only a life estate, shall we suffer it to descend unim- | paired to posterity, or shall wo limit its ob jects tea particular class ? Mr. Chairman, I have done. The liberty wo enjoy is not our ow r n. Bountiful as tho earth we (read, and plenteous as the waters that flow, it is ours to enjoy and not to destroy. NO ENENXIES. DT 0. CLARKS, SR. “ Ho has no enemies f” you say; I pity bis condition. Uis manhood he has thrown away, Ills candor and position. “ He lias no enemies!” well then, Tbo reason is, bo never Has heart enough to act, but whoa * Ho sees, “which ways tho weather.” Ills principles are very light, If ho la not contented, To he traduc’d tor doing right, Whon unco ho has assented. “ Ho has no enemies f” Indeed, Then what has ho been doing J Or, what on earth can be bis creed, What has be boon pursuing 1 A (ruckling—vnscllatlng course—• Unmanly, undecided; Ills little puny soul is worse Than sixpence twice divided I Thun give mo one of upright heart. Who dare» the truth to utter, And act a noble, manly part, Though enemies do matter— A man of earnest, iron will, Whoso enemies are many, And yet whoso virtue, strength and skill is undutur’d by ony i Whose fearless lore for (ruth and right, Keeps falsehood at its distance] And though ho may bo crush'd by might, Vet always acts consistent. Ayof like (ho sturdy forest oak, Through which (he winds do rattle. Stands (Inner fropi tbo heavy stroke, Prepar’d for truth to battle. Such Is tho man, whoso noble soul, Wlion rous’d to proper action, Disdains a sordid, baso control, Or, enomloa' detraction i Who knows, when rlrtno’s lost or fl#d, Tlmt time tg really trying? For if (lie man la not then dead, lie truly must b« dying! TUB UNKNOWN OUBBT. A REMINISCENCE IN THE USE OF WASHINGTON* One pleasant evening in tho month of Juno 1 In Hie year 17—, a mantras observed .entering tho borders ol‘ a wood, near tho Hudson river, his uppoaranco that of n person above tho copa mon rank. The of a country village would have dignified him’with'the title of << stjuiro,” and from hie manners; pronopneed him proud? but those more accustomed td hli society, would Inform you thdt them was some thing like a military air about him. t • Uls bOrao panted as if U had boon hard push ed for some miles | yet from the owner’s fre quent stops-to oaroas the patient animal* ho I could not b 6 charged with tho want of hunjnnl. ty, but seemed to bo actuated by some urgent necessity, Tho rider forsaking a good road for a by path loadlngthrough Urn woods Indicated a delire to avoid the gate of other travellers. Ho bad not Jell tho house whore hd Inquired the direction of the above mentioned path more f * twd hours, before tho qbictudo of ihopiicd ■ ,wftB-broXoihby(UOrholo6:£LdiataQt-thiiiiderKxHo vyaa sooq after obliged to dismount) travelling becoming- dangerous; as darkness - concealed ■ surrounding except when flash afforded him a momentary view of hla ait • nation; ■-.* ' —rr*. A peal of .louder and longfir doratJotiifhan any.oftbo proceeding, which.nowhurpt. jpyet his head, seeming as if it would rend the, woods asaundcr, was quickly followed by o'heavyfhll of rain, flint penetrated the fclothosofiho stran ger cro bo. could obtain tho shelter,of.a, huge oak which stood at a little distance.. ’ Almost exhausted with the labors of the dAy; bo was about making; such 'disposition 4>f-,thd saddle and his overcoatas. would enable pass the flight wllh what comfort circumstances would admit. When ho ofcplcd . a light’ gllmiflor- Ifcgfhrongh tho trees. Animated wlththo-hopo of better lodgings, lie determined tq.pfpqee^.’, Tho way; which waff steep, became attended with more farther ho advanced, tho soil being composed of clay which the rtln had rendered.flO_JoCt that, his .feet slipped, at every stop. By the utmost porsevOranco, iMs difllcnlfy was finally overcome without any Ac cident, and ho had the pleasure of finding him self in front of a decent looking farm house.- Tho watch dog began barking, which brought tho owner to tho door. “ Who is there V * said hd. “ A friend who has lost his; way and is ia search of a place of shelter,” wos tho answer. ‘•Como in, sir,” added tho speaker, «and whatever my house will afford you shall have with welcome." “ I roust provide for the weary companion 6f my Journey," remarked Ihe, other. . But the farmer undertook tho (ask, and after conducting tho new comer into a rootn Ivhoto his wife was seated, ho led the horse to a well stored barn, and there provided for him most bountifully. On rejoining (ho traveller, ho observed; <« That is a noble animal of yonr’s, sir." « Yes," was tho reply, "and lam sorry that I was obliged to misuse him so as to mako lt necessary to giro you so much (rouble with tho care of him; bull have to thank-you for yout kindness to both of us," “ 1 did no more than my duty, sir," said the entertainer, “and therefore, am entitled to nt> thanks. But Susan,” ndded he,turning to .tho hostess, with a half reproachful look, “why have you not given the gentleman somelhlogto oat V* \ - , Fear had prevented (he good woman from ex creisitig a well known benevolence ; for a rob bery had been committed by a lawless band of depredators but a tow weeks before lotbat neighborhood, and as report stated that ihd ruflians wore nil well dressed, her imagination suggested that this man might bo oboofthem. At her husband’s remonstrance* sbo now rea dily engaged In repairing: hey error, by prepar ing a splendid repast. During the meal there was much interesting conversation among thd ' three. ' 4 ‘ As soon as tho worthy countryman perceived that bis guest had satisfied his appetite, he'in formed him that it was now tho notif ,at which the family usually performed (heir devotions, inviting him at tho same timo to.be present. , Thu invitation was accepted in these words i •• dt would afford me tho greatest pleasure (O commune with my Heavenly Preserver, after the evpnt of the day : such exercises prepare us for the repose we seok In sleep.” Tho Imst now reached the Bible from the shelf, and after reading a chapter, and singing, con cluded tho whole with a fervent prayer; then* lighting a pine knot, conducted tho person hd had entertained to his chamber, wishing him d good night’s rest, aud retired to an adjoining apartment. - 1 “John,” whispered the woman, “that is a good gentleman, and not one of tho highway, men,as I supposed,” “ Yes, Susan,” said ho, “1 like him hotter for, thinking of his God, than all his kind.inqnlrio© after our welfare. I wish our Peter bad bcetf at homo from tho army, if it was only to bear this good man talk; 1 am sure Washington him* self could not say any more for his country, nor give a better blatory of tho hardships endured by our brave soldiers.” “ Who knows, now,” lnq\ilrcd tbo wife,“but It may bo himself, after all, my doarf for they say he does travel just so, all alone, sometimes.*” I ! “Hark! what’s that I” The sound of a voice carno from tbo chamber' of their guest, who was now ongagcdln his pri vate religious worship. After.-thanking hit creator for bis many mercies}-’and asking a blessing on tbo Inhabitants of tbdhouse, ho con tinued : “ And now, nlmlghly Father If it bo Thy holy will that wo shall obtain a place and name among the nations of tho earth, grant that wo may brf enabled to show our gratitude for Thy goodness,'- by our endeavors to fear and obey Then. Bless ns with wisdom In our council, success in bat tle, and let our victories be tempered with hit-* inanity. Kmlow, also our enemies with enlight ened minds, that thi-y may become sensible of their Injustice and willing to restore liberty and peace. Grant tbo petition of Thy servant, lor (ho sake of Him Thou bast called Thy beloved Son j nevertheless, not my will, but Thine be done. Amen.” Tho next morning tho traveller declining thb’ pressing solicitation to breakfast with his host,- declared it was necessary lor him to cross tho river immediately, at tho satuo time offering part of his purse os a compensation for what hd had received, which was refused. “ Well, sir,” continued ho, since you will uot permit mo to recompense you for yourtrou blo, It is just I should inform you upon whom you hare conferred so many obligations and al so added to them, by requesting your assistance In crossing the river. 1 had been out yesterday, endeavoring to obtain some information of our* enemy, and being alono, ventured too ftir front (bo camp. On my return, I was surprised by ft foraging party, ahd only escaped by my know ledge of the roads, and the fleetness of iny hoffld.* My name is George Washington.” Surprise kept the listener still for a moment, than after unsuccessfully repeating the invita tion to partake of some refreshment, be hasten ed to cal) two negroes, with whoso assistance bd placed the horse on a small raft of timber thbt was lying In tho river, near the door, and soon conveyed the General to (ho opposite side of the river, where ho left him to pursue his way to the camp, wishing him a safe and prosperous Journey. On his return folbo house, ho found thnlwhllo’ ho was engaged in making preparation for con-' vojing the horse across Hie river, Ms Illustrious visitor had persuaded his wife to accept a token, ofromombrance, which tbo family nr© proud of exhibiting to this day. The above Is ono of tho basards onconntorodf by tills great patriot, for tho purpose oftrans mitting to posterity tho treasures wo now opjoy/ Let us acknowledge the benefits received, .by our endeavors to preserve theta In (heir purity; ond keeping their rcmcmbcrnnco of tho great' Source wlionco these blessings flow, wo may bo enabled to render our names worthy of being enrolled with that of tho father of his country. DT* Henry Ward Bcccher, in a resent !oc-' turo on patriotism, which ho considers under different heads. said : ’The sixth and most |m-; portant element of patriotism, is that by which*, wo come to love our fellow-citizens!; ’ This comes direct from religion, and it Is tlitircfore tho noblest element of patriotism. • JVhcmor' men aro Jborn, (Jod is their father, and they are all brothers.* Mandfaotumno Cottages fok Kan&jlb.—ftf Cincinnati they aro manufacturing portable boti tsgos for Kansas and Nebraska, In largo bors. They have generally (wo rooms. No nails ara used, and they can bo put up or taken I down in a few hours. Tho scarcity of timber. I on thb prairies makes it an object for a settlor to carry with him not only his flmiilnrb, but hie bouse. It Is stated that a coltngo of two room* requires about 8,000 feet of timber. What has become of Brigham Young’* gross widows, who were to lecture in Boston on Morrooulsm ? * A Severe Sentence.— ln tho Police Court* Boston, a woman, convicted of being a com mon night walker, was sentenced to live years’ imprisonment in tho House of Corrcclfohr-m. This is the first sentence under the hofr 1 linr concerning night walkers, which went iutotftT feet lost Wednesday in Boston. ...Kiwp 37* Gen. Shields is about to remora to nccota or lowa to practice law.
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