y Vk'fc-ftii IttdVd ry ,'otiQ, squire, T(H1 ; bo‘ Inserted '• three 'tme&fWi obptloUari.End^ ct?mf - ;■ k'‘' r v’' :: su" i'v/l ,M~H<md;;Bni®,’PossDg! Labels, &c-> &9./0XO*: Chtpalffith ftfjcaraey-anaai t^'ahortffitftQncqt .Vv ! ■: WMMo««fcn happily jr^tofto •SSfflJfefeS'SSwiS y^ag^iia^paat §.'-. ana land, 5s withbilt ftV f ' s haft" swept^by; ; 'w, ordlMtf 5 cliabnelB'r:-If the.earth has . ifiobibor otrthehhsbanaDmn - seiiso‘n*, t it: with ‘ **»>’ V. faSrfertAtlon-% ‘ ",-Afdft?&WftQ,MtV!wo find ample grouncfoTdr' ‘ > rerafefit tot Graco* and pVoteotirig caro and mcrci .:&i i {‘ : v attention has been arrested by; : / fa,p9sslng oVentSfyet |- •:■.• -tel’qdff tttiiA'brfl than-the.'slight yibrotiOAs of ■ j\ : the roWnUionfl , ‘whiob' have shaken ■\ . Jik y individuals;‘wit fcantibt’.'Hrpresii kVtnphthy , xritbhbniiih buffering; causes. 1 - remind* ‘ bar -lWtl v . Vwtev^ 1 1nWrrdpl8/iho' *W.‘"of ‘ 'ctf&tik’Hte prosperity; ofafiy part f df , dw,Wfcfnb«tofr;les^ , j ' is npt nhUkolbatof irt li >Vc mptuiUly dependent upon* f} each between thqm». f' \ ' Oro‘; c^chfinl ! for. Iho I. • is In 1 their moral,)«bolftlv -todpoliticnl condition. - Hence; ■ itjria bpen.ipy imdcaypr, to.,maintain peace andfqepdly intercourse withoHimtinns.: *.. government,' so early • : ipursued f ,of ''Avoiding ml hAB hitherto exempted it fit)WmAny conjpUcatiOnSriu .whlchit/would bebordOj inrolved;. standing ,this,''6uf clearly’ dcßncd and vrell sbfltwmril Otmrse Of metion/and our geogtilphl cidposltibm'&rcjraote from, /. ' diipoijtipahM'bOcnilvanifested* by of its [ ;v ipid.iu certaW ro , snectsi to dlrcct/bui'Toreigti policy.,,-Jn plana -i'' .■ infbdju«Utfgtho balance ofpOwer among them* £ , atJrCS? they bave nsaumed totako us‘lnto QQ a, ‘ *> WtohM constrain'us v to confonn, our M' ; jSßHddpttW^i’drviAWs.’,* .\V ■ \; •’ :^*; - ! i' SPs . v ' ,OHe' oy,another of thepoWers bt Europe has, 'tfi*. - ftdmttmetb time, undertaken 1 .to - ‘enforce arbi fAv;- ' fm/.fagttltttiontf; contrary in'many rospcclS'W ■ i)’ ’ cstauliihed’princlpVcfi of international lA)r.— That tawrinp Umtcd States bnvc, in.lhcir for fi'j'. dgnTnteVchurabrumrohnlyre3'ncpted‘'and:'ob tfe • AiWedl nhdili<sy, camiot iuchin %L as tbO tcrnporary.interests $?;• of otlierp'moy 1 su’gg^st.' They do I 'nolj adroit, that'ibc sotfireigns of one Continent, or ibf k pArticvila'r community of : stattsVcart legislate for all others.^ v * ■ ' x ’ '. v /’-LekVlnfr the trhns-allahlic nations to adjust >’ theirpblitipal system', in 1 the’ a ; ay; the}'? may i' think best for ’their,ctminion Welfare,' the ihder | iveU aJjr «^ifce^hi|ia^‘t7Uroip^fnim^ I* . iutmcrencp .on their pirt^ f SySlcmßtia l apf’ti> ■vy : riedco frottt political ronexiohwith diSr, ■’!;i taUtfonHen nations,‘docs not conflict with giv t.y? . ing tha widest r&ngo to Our hrcign'comwaco/ T<U(idistinction, so clearly niarked in history, •lst- Bccmsto ha?e,bcQn overlooked, or. disregarded, byisproe leading fomen jitates-, pur refusal to y-v] - . bobrongbt ,within, and subjected 'to, thnr po? Syt ; , . cuiiar system,'haAj IfcaY, crented a icalousdis, • trust.of <oar. conduct, and induced, on,.their part.<occiwionttl acta of . disturbing cficct, upon pup’forcigii'pdationsi , / y . p^ntftttitudean^nastcourlsogiro.ftS' should not, do questioned, that „ pyrpurpopcs.arc not aggrcssivc.nor threatening to? tnB,iafqty,and wdCaro of other nations.^— ! Pur,'n\iUlary,cstabHshrocn't, intimoof pcaca,'is Adapted t», m&intaan exterior- defences,.and to v preserve order among theaboriginal tribes with*, ly thollmits pC thp Unlon. Our haval force is intended only for the protection of our citizens abroad, add ofoiir Ootnroerco/ difliised, as |t Is, ottr’ail t'hc Seas.of tho globo. The government ofthC Urtilcd States’,'being. essentially, pacific in poUcyfbtanda prepared to repel invasion by the yolimtary service of A patriotic peoplo f and provides iib ideans of foreign hg; gnession.' ‘considerations' should:allay alPaph^liUnBlo^, : th&t;'Wo : are disposed -to cn* Oit^cuontborights,'!^bndaiiger 1 the security ■ -.-/r jpdtrcVs liaVu vrilli ' aisqtrietlDgdCflCeru, the,territorial cxpapWon of the Ualted Blatcfli * This, ropjd gp3WtH haSTC suited from the legitimate exercise, of, sovereign to. ollnktions,; and by mwiY Uhohally ojjeroufbd, 1 <?iroiuti* «tapccs,lt'coyld hardly bdvo been expected that l)ios6 ajpong thena, which hav6,.withip a com* paratljwlji, foccht subdued and absorbed anpjent k;ihgdOms/pl'anlcd. .c^.rttjpcjlt,,and now possess, or claim'the - of,* thplslihds'.pf; every ofifjan ,as their apprbbrjata domain,''would Ibok with unfriend* 2y ientimeuts upon thc acquisitions of this coun try, in every instance. honorably obtained, or would,feci,Uicniiclvca jiiatifled in imputing our' spirit d£ f aggrcssiou-or to, a passion fnrpOlit|Cal predominance. * Our foreign commetochaa readied a magni* tudo andmrient nearly equal to that oft ho first maritime ,power of tho earth; and exceeding' „ -that of iby pther.* Over this groat interest, in bit alp classes of tiilitens at least ;mdircony,:aro. concerned, it. bUb» 4uty | bf tho voxecutlvo rand <. legislative jjaobhja-fcf the government; to :cxcrcise a care* abd.ndoptpropcr (idCasnres for. , lbQT»obpy^which ! ihavo bad .in v>cfff «it»g^to;lhif»htcnatiembraces Us Bh o in general,* of .Europo »r«;.cnJ Stiw.of neutral nationa »ro .wwPSppasfesa .'ofw; iadotnnowhich;from' thairow co m. . o Sr, n Af o Writf ,-h W Veto h^‘“ lc,mcn “EtUc coUntry, -jMhift BchM 4r »n6tho., tntf WaHHthh y:ia,iW,>o ( o' AHetjin tmty ctlnulitloH; priijolplc; ;*|Jt it '.‘Bil|hl hb* befe thuf it would cotfto to be mnvormliy Tfcctfvcd'and respected as a rule of ihti>rpaUouaj law. But tha refusal of' phb jjower’ prpveiited ‘thli.'And'ih'the next gftait war which ’that brinb French revolution, it foiled td bd td 'eprctM among itio belligerent States bf Europe; fr Ndtwlthstandlhg thb prihclplo is gcncr ally odmittcd to be a round and salutary. One; so much sOpthat, at the commencement-of the iOxlstins’war' w Great Brilalfi 'Erabdc Aunbunctd tnvfir purpose'to it for ’the present; pbt, howevcp, as a. recflgnlccd hi* trmj&tloUal right' but as a mere pOncession for iho |lraabeji)g. ; : Tha’ Co*opcrolion.'however, of thess two powarftil 'marilime nations in the in-, terestof rigbtb/appcarcd to mo to af< I -?,^ r ws-Ti’ SI -4 k ffi'-k''. &?■.'. 't' v-i '*• ~/. v4s *ss&.;■'.■ piSiilSissiisiiip^w S of, tbo’TJn!toa.yS takes. ( ffia the doclrioo to qu.Mtion ft pnnpjplo.of.»-, SfflMfensl lew, by we4ns, of; “peoiot. l WOT“t em bracing notpnlythe rulei'ttatj.fM.ghjp, friie goods,' except contraband articles,;;butolso, tho less contested, pnc, ; that,neutral property* ini^g^l^i%liiUlje^^pt’from'/c6hfiBcW\on/ 'baabeeu, submitted to tho&e ’io|.Ettropo^nd^mcticd.‘.; ( ;:;. r .., : .;1;;j • ~ Bu««fa promptly in this, matter, : WuVention' ; tbeoV*-’ : fia , fance : of.the , priQolp|ea aanoapcecTrpotpnly os' . themdelvcsi.-but;,' ,tHeih,imi alt Otbet*iml|bnss : whipH intq'^kuBttpiilatroiiSi!:'.' J KbhQO^-tMbt!icrpO\T“ :«t*j haW as yot; taken fi n oVadHoiron tbs sub-] /i axii not awwe/bowcjerV that .any ob- Joqtioq prpppfedj made; ‘but!- otfthe contrary,’ they aro acknoV I-, ; edg<dto be ciscntiaftb'tho .security'of nmlrid oommerfeet Ohly 'appafent obtsacle to' ,theic!gehcn»ladoption is in ■it maybe encumbered by inadaiisaiblo condi tions. v;V »'■’•; ‘V •• -,5.. ; The King 'of the tow expressed to ’opr Minister jat.^anleabislreadmcsfl to concur in; Bur ; 'pr6pbntion r houtraV rights*, ■and td enter into' ; a i <fcfir.fent'i6h : 6rt l that subject,. ThelCingpf Prussia, entirely, approves of the project of. a,trcaty-'to ,the Bamncffoct,; submit ted to ■. him, .but 'oh additional article] p’roViding for' the rinhbeiation 'of privateering.; .SuohfaW. motVobviona- is nations'hivingYnaSal. efiuV rfishmenta.largo in to their.'fpreigh eonirticrcp. If it .yrorc adoptedjis minterna-. tlotial yule.’ ‘the commerce of a nation.', having comparatively, a’pfnaU', naval be verymuch at the mercy, of it8 f enemy, |n case 'of war Tilth H pbWcr of docidcdnayal BuperioH* tyv' .The barp statemenf "of the condUion' in which tho.Ubited Stated would boplaced.nftCr .having jnirrcndercdlhc right to resort to. priva-; tcers, iii thc cvcnC of worwith a bilUgmmtof Pav4l supremacy, wifi eboW’that this goVerh ment could, never'listen to such a .proposition. Thehary of, lho ; first nifttytiuie power in' Eur rope is-at least tert times aajargo ■ os that of the_ UhitediStatcs^, The foreign comihcreo. of the two countrica'ih nearly about'equal ly expo’ded td hostile' •• y' . /iln war between that power kndthe United .rcaort on bur port'to ( pur mer-. cantilo maripo,, the- :means of pur enemy. to .Iq-, ■flicl injury upon oW'commerce would b<j ten fold ‘greater than rctaliato.' "Wocould not extricate p 6un co tin try ‘from tbia unequal condition,‘ with- such ah cnitoy, unlisa wo at ODco dcpartcd from our prqdent peaceful policy, I and became a great-naval power,. Nor would ' this country be better ritutocdjn war with one | of ; the secondary , naval. lowers. ; Though the naval disparity;would bo.,leaSk. tho . greater, ex tent, and more, fexppsed condiUon o? pur .widp spread commercor would give any of them a Ukd advantage oVer ns. < pTho proposition toentcr forego resort to pritatecrsi in coSo this country should be f9rcdd intowar with a 'gnetvt naval power, ’ p^posi^n,'ib^ .hot to . orations on land.,, tliehphor hr,tho rights of opr countryyCTluirP 'it-tq' assume 4 Hostile attitude/itcohHdtntly nlicsupOu 'thepatf-lot iSfnofitfl citiiens, not Ordinarily debited to the miUUry ; prbfcasion,:td augment th'darmy and tho nKvy. so .os;to >mako-them fully .adequate to the emergency tvhicli pnlls them Into action. The pmpoal.td surrender ihpright to employ prjvatcers is professedly founded upoii the prin ciple, that private property.obunollending non combatants ri thp.ugh oncmlcs, should be exempt from tho'ravages of war i'buttliaproposedsur render goes but little wav'ln carrying diit that principle, which cquaUy requires that juglipri vate property should not be seized or molested by national ships of war.,. Should tbo’-lcadiug powers of Europe concur, lu proposing, as a rule]of international law],’ to. exempt private property, upon the ocean, by pub lic armed or well ns by privateers, tho United States will readily meet them upon that broad ground. < ;r ( ,- ~ Since the adjournment of the nvtl ftcations .of betwoori tho United Stated and Great Britain,* relative to’coast fish eries, and to reciprocal. trado with (the 1 British North American provinces, have been exchang ed, and sonio of, its anticipated advantages'are already enjoyed ty us - aHboogh its foil oxccu, Uod was to abjdci'certain acts bf legislation ,hot yet fu}ly performed,' So ( sooh as; U wis ratifi ed, Great Britain Opened to' our'Obmriitrcc the free navigation of thdVivcr St. Lawrence, and to our fishermen .unmolested access to tho shores and bivys,.from, whieb thby had been previously excluded,-bn the co as tsofjicr-North American provinces In Vcturti forAvluch,] sho asked for, tho introduction, free of duty, into the portsof tho. United States, of ttio mh caught on tho samp by British fislicrmcn* <., ;j >J; \ I,' tho compensation,'slipujatod.,jn | the,treaty; for priVucgca of the highest impor- Unco' aha ’ynluo to the United States, which 'wero thus' Voluntarily" yielded' before tfc becatno dlcctlvo, tho request seemed to mb to be 4 .reasonablo ono; but it cOuld pot bo acceded- to, from,want.of ,a,uthority;to suspend ourjaws ipiposing duties upon a)l foreign 1,4 tho 1 mcadtimo, tho Treasury Department issued a regulation, for' ascertaining the duties paid or secured by .binds qu fish caught on the coast of, 'thft British provinces,'dhd brought to 6ur mar- 1 keW • by British subjects, after; tho 'fishing grounds hdd becq niaao fhlly accessible to the oiiizcDHof thoUaitcdStates. :; ". ~. 1 •'* > ,' r t recommend, considern lion, a proposition,' which.will bo,submitted tp. you, foraiitlioriiy.to refund the duties and,can- 1 cclthebbnds ihup reccjvcdv .The provinces of| Odnftdd and pated' tho full operation of the treaty,'by legis lative arraOgeniehtS.VCapectiTcly.toadjQit.'fnKi of duty tho.nrpducts;of the United States, mentioned in the froo tho treaty; andan aiVnogrihuHt, similar to that regardiiig British j fish, 1 has -been made for .duties now chargeable on tho products of tliqso provinces, cnqmcratod in thb.aamo freelist,.and liitroducqd therefrom Sntb ttoj United 1 States; a propositioh for ro fuhdlnk whfohNv.lll,lh'iiiy‘Judgdiedt, be in’ like, manner diUtfod uvor&blo cOosidorai ; ,,- ; ,, tj'y■ ,-\‘U v.'t v’V";*' ' Thera i»'. diflerenoo of* opinion between Hie UnUcslStstcs&nd.Qrcflißritttjh, as tpthp boun dary liuu of! tho Territory of, Washington, ad; jetotog tho British i:possessions on the, Pacific!! whllcb-has‘Sjfrady, lod to difficulties onxhe part of thO'bUizehfl.aud.local tl>a two! govcrmnonU n ; recpmipYnd provision fee made for a t'omraifjaibb; 'tdiboMolncd nv oho on tho 'il.'o jnir. RoAof rutmlnf kndcUiUlshitlgtho Muo lit cim troyorny,' thij^,tt4 rmirUi nrlldro oC th^lr?olT ;OOi lc itidi,l ( liy tfu JJmtBV States ana* Giyat.TlrllAjn In' JMOiS: cn ruing |ios.H!ss%ri g hfg’or (ho'Hiidsiit’a B* ConipMiyi nnd, progcrty'6r' , .tht' p l jg4t, Sml'rtd Agricultural-Coihpahy, have given’ ip fiorH ops disputes, and* it w uUporihqt‘ to’, til coni corned, that 1 Bhuimary mwm* qf^gotUbi^tUo^ «i rfipnid te devised;.’’; <^,hpx_e icft&ra ti b'b tfddtfw.jiistf tcrfiQB, ,; quefitionv.' €ihb'racnDg,’»}Sb f % (iio tfvdr Columbia; thermpro, suggest ioflferidcriCtion’j ;jif n£»‘ . king contingent JbVthat ,• pur-; ~ ■:>. wx in' 'd&W-’Frbnitpmoto: thb grestoitf wltlv occasional slight cbtdiaVroattoptf offriendship baVo' ; .t«iBtWi idrern!<( kindly senumen U >' ti6na ) 'WTol^'W«tcnMVe>bm^ , fti64 Cymric*? fqial !*>• tcrrapteibrcbecked'.by event,of m appareritly; 'uhsatis^fb^.^^dnuract^,: ’, • Thb i ivjSan Fran?i?cb ling, the.Unltcd • Stivtea.districfc 1 coon at that process; W 'ftvffithesS in favor of another, foreign Consul, lir violation, xxrasjiWr convention IwithFrdndo. ThoYb being frothing ih'ihp troua^ ■ actiofrf'fthioh.' coUldl imply:- ftfryi' dianspect’-td Ftancoorita consul', hosbeen I ipade; as * hopoi wil\ bo jsatisfaetpry.-; /*ftt \if ;Sobaequpntly r rose on too, subject frf thtf French /govoifrtpbDt haying.'-ba |t appeared; abruptly oxcludedtheAiuorlcan-JUn-' iirtopto'spam.iiom,paB9ingtlji:9UgU?raDc«?,;pa i hi® way from London toMadrid- Buttbat gov -1 eminent hasnuCqffivpcanydUkvbwCd any deslgh' todcny.thDrightoftraOsiUtpthoMiuistnrpfUiß 1 United, Stdtq? i and, alter explanation® oto^tbls;, 1 effect,'.ho ha? rcaatnedihla jpumoy, and actually i returaed'lHroucb Franco to Spain. rhertwUh; 1 lay bcfdro Ooßgm®s.fho.eorre«poiidebdfrbn this snWoot , between, oun Enroyi at and tho,, Minister,' o r f’ Foreign - llqlatiqns - of thq French 'government.^'. r - ' • position ofour aflhit* with Spain remama osatutbo Cloaojol'yout.last aeaflloUf agitation', assuming very nearly iHo character of pollll^'revolatlonj’hos,recently,convulsed that; I country. • ' ThdUteMlnlaterSwCreiviolently e»» I polled: from,p6}?«, and, men,of, very different views in relation to |tn : internal’ affairs,,have succeeded;'; Slnjjo.tbU 1 Change,thbro hasbpbn no propitious opportunity to Teaume,anu press on. negdtistiofra for, tho.-ftdiostment of, scrioqa 'questions of difficulty between tho Spanish go v .orbtnont aud-tho United Static; , Thom la rea son,to believe that our i Minister'will find the present. government > morp-favorably Inclined t,ban the preceding to with ,oux jest do matids, and (d raako suitable irrangonicnis. for restoring ■ harmoby; uhd preserving .peacd ■ bo 'iweoa,tho two'countries. "• Negotiations aro, pending with .Denmark to discontinue IhOfpreetlopUf levying tolls bn our vessels 'Und .ttidlr cargoes', passing through the Sound. ’l4b,not doubt that wo 'can clalm'.'ei emptioh therefrom, as a matter' of, right. > ‘ It is admitted on all hands, that.tbis.cxaotlon is sanc tioned; not bjHho general principle? of tlio.law bf nations,’ bw brily by Special 1 couyobllons; which most of thb commercial 1 nations bavo ctu terqd Juto with; Denmark.; ■ T)io 6th article, ot bur.treat.v bf' 1820 with-Denmark, proyUles,that them shall not bo pald'on tho Vesfiols of the Dnl tedStitteaandtbuirbargobsxVhen'pasßlngtbrongh the Sound, higher duties than tho?? of tbc.most favored nations. 1 v. - " - thb“treaty, ;tmd ,c6n?cnnontly,fin?y ,ombartuw, tho assertion of,our right to b° rtlcoaed ,tht/rc trqm. ’ Them are also other provlslbh* In' thb treaty which ought to bo mbdiflcdi. lt WUa tq remain In forco for ten years* andunlU onpyear- 1 after cither'party. Should givb noUco to tho ollicr bf Intention to terinluatolt. ’T deem it expedient that thoconteraplatcdnotlco'shouldbo givento thogQVcrnmontofDcimiark. ‘y’ /The naval’expedition, despatched about two years plnco fb’r thb purpose of bstablishlng r'ela tlona -wUh.the ompire'of-Japitn,'haS been- ably and skilfully ,cpnducted.tofa successful flbri by tho oißcor to Vhpm.it Tvjvs ontrbsted.; , A treaty,'opening certain bi Ih'b ports'of tbit pop ulous cpuntrv; hoc been negotiated;' tind in Order to glyofuU,effuct; thorpta r it only rsmaln* chahgo, ra.tlflbptlvnf), ftud.- adopt rcauU|tp f .cbra* mi?rclal rbguhUlbns. : -V ;;; ‘ V The treaty lately concluded ’be twccntlio U« Slate? and Mexico settled some of our most em barrassing difficulties with that country, Jpuf hu morous claims upbn (t forwrouga and hd uf lf fl to oujr cilhsoiisrcmainiihadjufitcd,and.t»any ucW' cases Juvvo 'hdch. xocbntly added lb tho former Hit bf griovanocsl M Out legation boa been oqr posi lb Its .ondaavors to obtain, from thb Mexican gpvprnmcnt,.a Axvprublo. consideration of those clalttjij but hitherto without success. / This fru luro Is,'prohably‘,in s6bio-Jheaauro‘,tob6 od tbitho disturbed condition of that, coudtry.^ It has booninyanxlpufl'dQfllfa topjalntaip frjendr if relations.with the Mexican* Republic, I ‘’and to . ofttiab Ms rights and territories 1 to be. rospectod, not only .by,our. cUisoru, but by .iotoJgner»>rwhO Imye resorted,to tho United,,States' forthc'pnr poso' of drgarllzibg'hbatllo' expeditions against somo ol tho States of that republic. ” • ' IJ - : );• k Tho'defenceless condition In which, Its ff.on tiers’haVa.beoh lott, baa stimulated lawless ad venturers; to. embark. In. these otitorpri9C9{ and.. greatly Increased tho difficulty, of, enforcing pur , obllgalldris of neutrality, "Kogahllpg It.as my , solemn duty to 1 fulfil, efficiently', tbeSabmlga*, tlons, not only towards Mexico, but other foreign nations. I luwo exerted all the powers wifh which - I am invested to defeat such criminal, prbcebil- Ings; and- bring to' punlehraonl'thoso-who,'by> taking a par ( t therein, violated,our laws.- .The energy and activity of pur,civil end u>lU,tary au thorities have frustrated thb designs, of U\opb who meditated'expeditions oi {hls'charactcr,©*-; cept in-two instances. .One of thcio, conipojpd of foreigners] was at first countenanced and aided by the Mexican government Itsoll, It having hdoli dpeotyed ns, to 4 tliblr real object/« Tho. ollior, SinaU in number; eluded’ tho tho magistratbs at Sbn Francisco, 1 bUdVudcbedod In' TCachlng'UtDMcixicau tcrritbrics; but tho eflyc- Uyo, measures talccn by thls.govei'ifmcnt coht pblled iho dbaudoompnt of (he unaoYtaklng." 1 ’• .THo commlßSlou'to establish the 1 now UUo b(i- ; tween (hb United Btatos and Mexicb, gCcordlug to thb thb .Bbth pf Dcdbmbdr lost; hits bocaorganlaoa, aftdthowbffc is already cpmmohood,. I .* . i flud sylUrtho Kepublics of. -Uruguay ondii’irA* Kaay, secure ( to.us,lUefrQo navigation pf,ther|- Ver L? Plalo, and some of the larger tributayios} but tho'same fauoooss hds hot' altohded pur on-? rieavOrS to open tho Amsioni.' ,111x0 rbasons in favoripf tho free übo of r|vp>>t to present (Ully/lua fonder habasdgb} nnd; feidoriO'glthb/oofdial rolatfbns Which hky? existed botwoopthls, gOTertmout andßrasll,)t may be expected that pepdlug.pcgQtlaUpus will, ovonlualli’freach ,a > ,‘ 1 . £Jon,Voniout moans of transit, between th? mv bral parti of a country, ard upt' only,.dosirablb fbr,thb objects of commercial add personal,corat' mUnlcaUbn, ( l|ut:.cBKphtlartp, its 'one gnvcrn’monfv SbpaMcd as aro ihoAtlotbiq axid Vttclflu bpaitapf tfiuVUnltOd MW whole' bfeHdth ofHho co'btlpbht, still thb.inhabi tants of'oach'are' closely bound together by com rounity of origin ,nnd aud oUftohm'ont to-iho.l/n10n.,-,Uoncp^iho\C?nB|h Q r. and (n'ofo.«ihkintoNdwa» a“Avkit,Jhtcwbongb ol' CommdrclaV those . ra'- raoio dlvlslbhs tliuo f rab;pxoit routes for boTOmnnloAtloh'wtwcoh thorn hro hj r |, thu Hat, of tho goy^rnuinat,to,, .ooiiti); tliiijio,, ftV-Jluiei- f-Kwinflt nil atitigor of Injemlptinn, ■ • ASflan^>4«r>ATOric*. mn !^nj. jv f i*- :?•'>&s : v »■'» y ■•’?'•tA£?v': f *«<> j ‘HV ! I% ' .■ rr f/t^.^ V^*^ : '|U^fM^T%^.v Vi^^ "■':- v ;’-v■ 7 "^ l^{ '‘T- of Colt fomlo.l TOMO.ito.WellJi™ «W ,Wb ktonbtitly wpjo -«M - IBM rntot-Mfwtnwatessr Mr* heni) to,. opopetlhT ? <btfoW‘h®6aßrtWn4hig iototho import arc-ojjostiutjirt i parMiiP. I later.ittitfnaPtf fptWgous • efforts ,to. rtfiMiK SpemW^®' o t“i hoshoi;, <rt i’tosaWHt«*^« < #SMSf'j!d'! f I 1 i;K'.’.".i.ii I I i'.As lucidjiinial. I .deem' it i pioper, *W» htofcooWl i aC n ntraV Atnntica wsliia close; M tho lftit 80aaSonifl;';Coii^rt>:k®J»»dtfwthQn«ee!«lty WfiShitia; ibdelv lM>|w®Sty M;tlio Statobf «t to 11l 1 iation of Botw?™ ;.tbo Aiiaotio'fwdWiaadtfS;. i \ ■•• “fl* j°PW 0 ' il(6it ; tod;taSPHtobe ofltWS.trtoslfVtay, a nam-i W^WWMIWai^QP** 1 SOW""*!'! pldSpanipaportptt^M^ot^o.mcr^ari inaopeadeWJiad Wccocded ter the lB«*l ipve WBntx;.bpfcj*dKUo“'. ®fe Spain.x -»aS!SBsate«»te Groytortnvand,' though pMf.lp.rolt.-ndliig Jf* as thooplilMl* oCthaflclWpnsßoyercigaof fie the control ofauy to adbpradlitlnet polSlicidjffi-ganiiAtioiii-dlid do c)»rod;tiifWpelveavto f ;J«lapo“d^ t^bT“ n!lgn tainoa-thalftoy-'rolglil'kiteonwastalile and-to rpnetablo comiuDelty,' thaftnapp.fitoS .vtoisnoa.. They proceeded -phiws to clviljurlsdictlon oVer.rjgfta Atett&B, a position . 6n thVbpptwi 4 * aid® tfmxiytrXwXvtoswhich debt States,; 1 ln: the’. Mc&igfi* Transit Compaby, • W iho ; prosperous- bpcrtitioni^C^ l jtmto: across the. Isthmus., ,Tbo company, fisted t>elr ground-;, less .claims i ; to do-, slrcfy- sbtdd of its buildings*- and-attempted Vio-' | lafctly,to'disppai»eB«iti.N^A‘v^ > j i- ,'-• '-'I At alntcr period they organized MtrongforcQ' - for the purpoab of demolishing tho esiaiiUslimcnt; 1 at.Paata, Arena «, bat .tbi S v m fie We tout dgjigu was defeated by tTio'lftt6rppytlOb''of :oiio of Our ships of waA’bl'tbat tliq* hi.fhb harboro! San 1 Juan.. -gubscqupntly t&dda, iivMay laat,abody Of mpu from (jroytowri ,CTOsscd;'dver U> : Punta Arinas,- arrogating authority W/artoWj ,pn tho charge of murdor.'Rt&pfidrt df otmlol ‘the stoam boatioflbe.,TnuiBltCbn^y.;.s^fWpnawaro ihattho claim to’ bxowlsejoit wirttoatbofo vfould bo resisted ibon'Vdij Itbttu bpeA ‘bappoTlons’ oc-' cAaiofts.they went Brt It by icteq j . '.Our minister to' Centre! America happened (o bo present bn that oc'caslod* - BcUcving thartho captain of; tho steamboat Wnocont,fbr,b° wltneasodtho. .transaction wi* 'founded, and, beUaylng,iUsb r that. the. in trading tually, to prevent yiblcncfand'Mopaihcd.. ■ ‘ The Amorlcan Hlnislpr oittprards ylsltcia Grojlown, and r nhilst:btnyia lljdro, amob, tar ■ eluding certain of thb scribed public hmcflond rloS of tho place. Burrouudgd 100 house Juivbich ho yaa, avolring that 1 ttmy.hdd com®, to-wrest him, hy order, ot soind iMJrsou.? xcTcislug the chief authority. White parleying with them, ho was’woiindert byi rbissllo fhom'Uio,crowds' A boat, despatched fro© tho American, steamer “Northern Llght ,, . to relish him from tho per llods sltuatioft in whifelrho V/aa understood to bo, was tired Intoby thb town'gnartfand- com • polled to return.. , • • • . I; ■; •;« * • r Those Incident, together ,with the wcll^npwn charaetbr of,the' popuUllon at Grey town, nbd tholr excltcd'Stato, induced 1 jnatappfehensiofti that tho 4ircs; and property of .our dtizeas at Tunta Arenas woyld bo In Inirhlncr.t ganger, af ter thb doparturo of the iteAluer, her P Ra ' aongerd, for NoW-Tbrk, unless a,guard was loft for tholr protection.,- 'Tor I ,this purpose^and,in prdpr jto ensure, the, stfuiy of passengers and property passing* over thoyonto, it temporary force was organized, ot u consjderaoje'exiienso to,-.tho;tTnitod’States^ forjwhlch provlsion.iyaa mode at rim last a'pssJonof.Congrert. ; This piclonded' c6ninjonlty, a‘.heterogenous oisomblagogatljbrcdtrotuTarlDUs Countries,'ana uomposod,;fot, Uio mostmart, of blacks, and persons of, mixed - blood, bad previously: giron other Indloatlons ofniiaebievous and dangerous brope'risitles..; Early tA tho *«n B month, prop erty.,was tfacio^'ff9mtne ae pbbof tho Transit Company and,taken to Grcy lownl ■ Tho ,plunderers, obtained ftheUorthcre, and tbolcpursqcri,were back by,its poo- “ . m \vho not’ only protected tho tvrohguoert and shared 'iljQ N ’plunder; but treated w[th rudeness aud.yiolouds tbbSQ who »«bghl ;tO reeovof their } subalanco/arethd facts iubmltUd to my’Qbnsldbratibh/'and'ptbyed by tnfstworthy uvidonco. iI couid|iagtjuiibt that!tb« ca»a:do« : .mandtjd interposition pi this govermnont.--; Justice roquffedthat rdparatloqsbauld bo made lor iso many and sucli gVoes wrongs,'and'tbat ; a courso of InSalencoobd ptandcr, tanding-dlrtct' ( ly tq.tlio dasecurity pi fto/liypa of;numerous passongors, and’of tbp rliJb’rioasurb belonging, to our cltizobp, paring hycr thlb'transit way,■ bhonld bo peremptorily adcstod.. , ’ j ' ‘whatever* it might bo i other fo’spoctfe/tho oommimUy In question, li power to do mischief iVas pot; despicable. > It v is‘Moll provided with fitdriance, -supiU pnns, i HV-ftnimunUlon,-and miglit OssliyiielZp on tho i iwimpd bphl® IVolgbt od with of prop’tfty»'which poshed UK 1 reach- - It’ did notprofeis 1 to belong .to any regular f i)veromppf, and had ( i,a w-to- ÜbllrtWontJ'tto'dtotfotottß f» t» ttn4 wi>:tiuuia*ip»»» mknlßlUJOi H'd-TeMi'- OBMWo ofKiK (rofloß Jo any otbor iTcvy thoit S f. l «Tr ItoUoiil 0 f 9 tMM'.'aoiiWdktlilg o4cniJranl train.'ot‘ ’vans 'and tho - fryntinr .ottUemtoW of ■ civil!tod ®''Sh&4»hio 'rfiiilww &w*' J» ■flniy t»w» th«t .ui»i tfovoromoiittMOUfi IBoW to repair tint ! h”4 $W°J° SJK jW’ tonk; anil tn'nukc anltaMn spotog, tor thtlr In :.OU tqio<it',lirtnl«lor;«n4 lmtl> tßip of wilt ntoW 1)4 (lioptlcUwl Ui|tliorlop«fow,B,pompUtof" With Jhoio (Inmmuio, ; Dnt lhn,potico pnoiin(l iinlincd- Oci; itK6r«il|ion;:» of tho •loclp nr;w»r Oy>n».W“«r4«rcd to repent ; Urn tinmnnil.i> nnt to tnsifct upot) ft ill ■ '.■ 'c 1 • ' i ■ :■( Wter.iho’’wlMj, ”9'%“^ •Bwith.wi lo h.to fcatlmrlty over l'>itn 4iltnllh»- BWtos- ainioultlohi (o nW»i rep<(. rotlop, ot ti»»n In ollor osctlio I”''h'-'f 9 0 " <1 ' I “'’ 1 -'ho warnlni fhenr hy 4 pronliinmtlon, that If thovt ,dl4 notSlrg »4UW<|oiioi'l(hln »(lmo .poolßod,, ..liowpuM, 1 I--. •' Jiy tins prnr.rdurn ho tfUinloil (hetn npportti-1 -flltydd prbyldu for their personal ,‘To those, alio, who doahtd tb avoid Joss ol prop- lnflicted /On.tho fiirpitfißd'tho movlngtheic elTcot^hy 1 the;,‘bba(a ,'ofliii bwtj fihljp,' and’ of •ii 4 BteAmoi , ‘- yrmcb’ Mpfotmred' and , tendered,to iheritfor thatptirpose; .At-lengthy | on of thetowa i to vfiihliis tfeqdtsirtonbj'bo appealed to tho of nerßritarilc schooner | ((Bermuda, wAs seed- td havo Intercourse, | leaders among, tjierafrttf^nterppso’Apd.persuape ,thenf to't like sdmb’coutab Calculated toC&ve'thenof cowrtty bft'esortlntt fo the extreme measure ln L ’ dlcnted in h Is,preclamatlpurhut.that,officer, lu-i atead. of, aepeding, 'to, the request,;,did- potbiog. more' than tp protest Against the ’cohicmpMcd bbinibatdtri«izit.i‘ 'ft*? *'■ V .Kostops of pny sort trot'o s taken; hytho.peo-' ptaib gWatho aatisfoctiott.ToqalfedrNolndl-, ’vMnsls/ifAhyibere <rcfol Whb regarded t/ioni -8 birds As' dotresponsible -for the' tnltcohduct of the cofntddnlty, adopted.auymeans toSapernto’ thcm'selvea,lrmu.the fate nOho;ffirilfr.r.,Thq several charges,. on Which, the demands for rO to all for some tlme'4o«d;Wer© #gnin:annQnncoa lb them* ?They did offered np of tbolr refused, to, hold of thV«‘JOyano.V''' h '■ »Br their,obstinate silence they seemed; rather dcslreustb pVoyoke ehabHsSnienfthantdescaper tti < There is reabbn toboirara tfahtihiseonanct of ttAnto%!dpfianeo on thclr part. UimputAblo chiefly tbjtho flolnslro .idea’that the American, &p7 , QipmcW l tToUld bo-deterred 1 from punishing thefrt 'thronghiobr'iDf dlaptcasliiff a formidable foreign Whlch thoy prcimiped o, think, looked with complacency upon their Aggressive mid IhsijUltrt? ■ deportment towards the' United State*. The »* Cyane” at length* fired upon the; iMMffa&'w dW-ftP* tha. fire wassnspcpdedJnprdqrto afford ppnortum-1 ir for Ah rtrmngofne»Kh)Vf!tbja W'flftellned.^ ! Mont of‘thß'’hnlldiirtgaoftheplacO,eflU t lovatno generally* ■worei; In-tho;.‘Eeqnel,^dA s tfoyed‘j.hnt owing to tho. <ohrideratp .procnntions taken by i our naval Commabderjtucro WAA bo' destruction: oMW^ v * ,v -‘ ! ilWboh'thc Cynnq'vtfsa ordered to Central Amo >[ rjctt. U,was’ confidently hoped that.no occasion .wonld'orise 'for, ib yiolortcn 'and! do.-1 sfrtcllbn of josa.of ; lire.* ,< : In stractlona 16 that i effect wore given toihfir com i mender.'; And no oxtreraO'act hiwobecn i reanlslw had not the people them*rive*. by their* pxtraordinarvcnndnct In the affair. 1 frustrated ' nil tho possible mild rieaiftmm'fpf bblaining'sat ’ from 1 tW' pW.'HhV ofyect' Vf :We ytsit'entirolrdcfhftfodl'woufdi-hbdorfho>ir J i cu instance* in which the cotmnrmder.of • the Cy- j . ano found himself, haro abandon. | of all claim of bur citizens for tndctnnifl* 'i cation And acqnlejicbnM in nAtlhnn! Indlchlty; -' Itwhnld havß.Bncotmtced in thoso * iawlewmen aspirlt of insolence and raninompßt, dangcrons to tho'fivos and property of nnr citi- j * B0D'8«t Pnnta'Atonai.nndprPbahlycmholdcn^d , thoTTT' to graip at (ho 1 treasures snd .Vnlnablo, merdhandiaq oyer tho Jfico., ' hive ib'eert most satisfactory to mb if tho bbjcctof UieCyane’amisaion could have been conaumruated niiliout any .act of pub iro ffiifooj'bat’thb arrogant.contumacy s of the ■ offenders rendered’lt. lnipb’.wtble- : tb atold'thb . alternative erther to.break np thclrdrtabjlahtuopt Bjeywlght persevere wlthJmptinltyvib b career (tf-fnsplengoandplnndcr.,; A, ' .v„ >..*i j. ■ ' this (rausACtiou has been tho subject of com-- plaint bn tbb part bfrd'ttie ftrAfgn powers’. And bas beeb'characterised jvlth more of harslmess thapof justice. ‘ Ificomparisona wero to bo ln T alKuted, It would.n.ot.be difflonlt lo presont- re- 1 f-catcd Instances in history of atates, ptanc|- ng in the TCiy fVont’of modem clHHrationi where.communlUes far less-offending and .more defenceless thap .Greytowp, have bbqn chastised with far. greater and whore not cities only bare been laid In ruins', but'hutndn llfc'has boon rtckloslly sacrificed, And tho blood bf the iphocont toadaprofiisoly to mingle with that-of thegiillty-, ‘i„ .v-V 1 - .•Passing fponi foreign to uomcalic affairs, ydur attention i 9 naturally directed to tho’fl* nancial condition of the country, always a sub ject of' general Interest. ”’.Forcqmpletc,ancLcx acf infoitbaiiod regarding the finances, and tho various branches of the public service connected therewith;.! refbryou to tho report of the So* cretarv of,the treasury, from which ft will ap pear that tho‘ amount of ircyenuo during , the last fiscal ycar| frbtn ■ oil sources,’ was scyenty- AW'*hundred 'and IbVty-nine thousand .seven hundred And five ‘dollars I: npd that tho public expenditures, foy, the samq pen* od, exclusive of.'payments on t occountpf the public debt, Abiouhtcd to million eigh teen tboUsand -twb hundred and forty-niuo dol- Daring the same r periods the ipaymcuts made In redemption of: the publicdcbt, includ* ing interest and. amounted to'twen ty-four'million three hundred and thirty-six Vnohsand three hundred and eighty dollars; ! To thosurri total of the receipts of that year is to bo added & balance remaining in tho.Treaa- Uf7 at tiuj.-commericement, thereof, .amounting to. tVenty-onermUion nine hundred and forty t\Vo' thousand clfeht hundred arid ninty-t'wo dot lara; and at tho closeof-tbe.Batno ycar. eucotv jeSponding balance to twenty mil-, ildti : ono ‘ hundred 1 and • thirty-«rfcn -thousand iilao hundred arid sixty-seven dollars of receipts arrive expenditures, filso remained in the Treas ury. ~ Although, in tho opinion of tho Secreta ry of thb Treasury, the receipts of tho current fiscal year aro riot nkclyto cnnhl In amount these of the last,,yot' they 'Will 'undoubtedly exceed the amount of expenditures by at least fifteen millions of dolldrs. :I thall, therefore, v coptiuu? to dircct tliftt trip;surplus revcouobe applied, sb -i fiir. as/it'cnn. ho ji|di,clou% .and ocOrioJrticall/dririoi tq tho reductldnof the pub lio? dent/ the ‘ kiuorint ; .of which, at’the com-, ofthe last fiscal ‘year, was' sixty- SOwn tnniforii tiirea hundred apdibrijrthous andalxhundrcd ,nn4;twty-cigbt dollars s.ol; which there had bem paid on thotwEnllcthuay lB6ft, tho sum>f twwrty*Wo( rollllpri three hundred and sixty-five thousand one hmidred and eoVenty-two.dollnrd r Uaving a balance of outstaodiug public, debt of only forty-four million nine u minuted and Seventy* five-thousand four hundred . ond flfty-six dol lavs, • redeemable at' diflfcreot. periodS.wi thm four teeny carg., There WO; also. remnants of other grivernhicnt slocks, most of.which arc al ready duoVahd cto'which the Interest bisects* ed, bu t' which' havo nofyet boon presented'for payincnk/amoimliog to two hundred arid thlr tyuhreo thousand ono. hundredi and, WDa dofiarS., > v : 'iw •'» ■ , $Ws artUincritl exhibits the fact, ;tho j Annual income pf greatly ax- ' coyds the amount or its public debt, wmchlat- ; tcr rcWalns because the' tlnid of paynient hasriotyet matured,‘and itcannotbp disoltarged at once,' except' 4k tho ..ontjonf of pnWio creditors, yhoi prefer to retain the flCQu rities df t tho spited S^tes; and tho other fact/, riot less striking that tub annual revenue from all sorirtes jars, ’ thri amount 'needed, (or: & prudent >nd economical, administration, of .the government. I- Tfioc^rimatcHpreSentc^toQorigrefsfrqrntho differed v “n't tho lost Brijaiori, Amounted to tljiHy-cight million four ! hundred andsix thousand | ftvo Hundred arid 11 eighty-ona doilare i * oftd‘ thd appropriations > | toads, to tho stun of fifty-right riiulion ouohuri ■V.y . NO. 27. ~; dred'ahdsixtcra thousand nine hundred qn<l Of-this'excess 6f \appro- hbwever- rnpro thati twenty miilionswas applicable to rtctraordlno- i I ry obj Wtflj : h^Ting, ; n6reicrCTCc tbtho.tismd ah- i ! noftl expenditures.- Among 1 these objects, was, I embraced tcu'rtuUiomi’to jxneet the third farticlo 1 [of thetreaty between the tTnitcd States and Mexico; so .thqt t Jn foot, for of brdi-. [ nary expend! turc/the appropriations were lim ited loconsiidcrably Ipsa' than-forty millions of 1 dollars. 1 1 therefore, rcnqvy myrocommenday tion for.a Tcduction of thp duties bn itnports.-r- TWroport .of the Secretary of the-Treasury pro -Bcntafa.eoric?of, tables* showing thaoperatioa of tho revenue system for several; succeSiOTe .years, and as the general principle of reduction of duties wUha-viCTf notproi 1 tcction, raaynow' be! rcgarded r as tb©se;lfl|d poliojr. bi tno botiotry; I trust, tbit little dim ' cuUyiwlll .becncodhtcfed in settling the details },■ > f ; [ lubonhcctiqn with this subject, I rccoinmohd j a‘'change in the laws, Which’ reberit expqnCnCo Lbaa shown tdbe-essential to; tho protcctiori of I the ’goYcmnicnt; • Thero.is no express provis ion of law,.requiring ,thc records endpapers of a public character, ,of tho several officers of the goy<temficn£, to, bb lefjfc in their bflkes for tho oso of * their, successors, hoh ahy r provision de claring it'felopy oh thclrpart t 6 make false cn-, trios in tho bppks, or return false accounts* - In the abscpco.of provision by law,, the outgoing pfdctrti, ’in many instances,- have, claimed and exercised the, right to takcjirtld their jown ’possession, important .books andpa pors/on the,ground that 1 thdq were their pri* vat© property;- and have placed them- bcyopfl; tho reach of tho governmentr' Conduct of this ’ Character,' brought" in sevdfat. l instances’tothe notice of the present Secretory of the naturally awakencd:his Bu?picion» aod resulted ii*, the, displostirq, that at. .four ports, namely, Oshrpgo, ’Toledo, Sandusky, and Milwahie; the treasury Md, by false entries/been defrauded, Tnthin,tlm four years ’hbxt preceding-Mapch, . 1858ibf' tnb‘ sum of hne hlindrcdnnd ninety eight tbpbsdnd'dollars*. -The great.difllcnlj-y* with which the', detection of jhese frauds,has boon pf tho abstrac ; tion.bfbooMtmdpapcrs by the retiring officers', : Ond'tho’facility : with’ which, similar ; frnadsm ; th© public* service; may : bo‘ perpetrated; render ' tho noccsriky of new legal enactment,, ialhe respects abovc'VcEcrred to, quite obvious.' For Other jnitoml modifications of thercvcnublaWs . which seem to - jnp dutiable, prefer yop .to the t report'of the Sccrctaiy of .tho Treasury. -That report,hhd tho tables Which accompany jt.fur nish ampin of the nblid foundation on ’ which tho' financial, security :of<tho. country I rests* qnd of tho.salutary influence of, thq indo , pondpht treasury .system upon^.commerce and i ail motietajy Operations. ' -Tho experience of tho last year furnishes ad- I ditionnl. reasons.;l,rcgrct 'to Pay, of it painful ' character, for the heretofore i made, to provide for.fncrcttsirig’'tho military force cmplnved in tho territory inhabited by the | ’ It^ons.;. The Bottlers on-tho frontier have suf • ferod much from tho ipourslouf? of predatory t bands, and. largo parties of emigrants to qur ' Pacific possessions' hqvc been maPßftCrqd with ! frfiflumtjv The' recurrenoo of such stones cAU l*y ' tribes jiwpwwiHtjir fJnUcd, States..' J From thegnrnsqns of qur iron-* tjlcy pdßbi.if is .-onlypoSJiiblO; ,1b detach, troops in small,bbdlpfl| enjtliougli tboso Kavo onoIT occftridns dfsplayed ia gafantry nbd a stern de votion to duty;* which ; ofi a larger Held ■ would bare - commanded universal admiration,, they 1 havq usually suffered severely in- these, conflicts I with superior’ numbers, and have sometimes 1 boea cntirely sacrifloed.-- All;the disposable (orcn.of. the army IP olrcady 'cmployed pnthjs service, and is known to bo wholly, inadequate to tho protcction wliich should be nflbrded. v I* Thq public mind of the country hah been re bendy shocked hjr shvago atrocities', committed • upon dcfcncclcM cmigratitsiand border.settle ments, ; *nd hardly lees by tho unnecessary destruction,of, valuable liyca/wbero inadequate, detachments of troops have .undertaken, to. fur- i nish tho needed’'aid. ' 'AYithout mctcoso of the militaiy forcoi these scenes will bo repeated,dt is to bo feared,' bn a larger stale, bad with more disaiterous consequences. Congrcss r I ,am sure, will perceive that tho -plainest duties and responsibilities of ’government aro involved in this question,and fdoubt not. that prompt «c f tion,m|xy,i?o confldcptly.anticinalcd whcn ( delay pumVbe attended With such fearful linwros. • 'TliobiU bf-tho last session, uroviding for ah increaso’of the pay of l thb rank and file,qr the army, has hnd bcncflciol rcsuitß,’ not only in fa cilitating.enjrstmenls,.but in obvious improve ment In the class Of riien ’Who, enter thb service. I rcgfet that corrcspODflihg' consideration was hotTbcstowed-on the officers, vtiio, in ’view of their .character, and-Rcrticcs, oqdtho .expepso toSvjuch they arc necessarily,.subject’, receive at present wn&tls, my judgment, inadequate , comiicmiai.ioh.V • ; The voluhblo v ßcrviccB constantly rendered by the army, and -its .-inestimable importance, as the nucleus arpuudwbichtho yoluniccr j tho nation dan. prohiplty gather, in the hour of danger,- eumciciUly .attest thq wisdom of main taining a ,lnilitary .pcqpo cstablishracuti but, tho theory of our system arid pmqlic.q under it-, require that any ’ prqnbscd augnicuia tlon; fn time..of naico; oq only obrarhensnrato with ogr extended limits bnd fi-ontierrclotions. .lYhilc ficrgpulouily adbenhg to this principle, ..I Und,in existing necessity for incrcaso of Our military forco^aim jt ia he* lievcd'tlmt’four ucW regiments, two oTjufantry and twd of mounted men 1 ; will hb.su/llcicht t 6 nitettho present lf It wore'Jicc cssa ry carefully, to weigh tho coslin A qase of subb urgency, it, wpulfl bo shown that the addltiou l al expeoso *yould bo corpparatiVclydlght. , ; i \Vi ih the. increase of. the’numerical force of the army tboifld. certain , measures of pttevth ihlfs orgnilio arranpciocht and administration.'> The present orgqniMtiou is the rwuU qf pbrtfal rcgislati6p‘ often dircctol to.spCciql o’bjoctaahd‘interests;;and tho Jaws r'cgulating ’rqnkqnd’ qo)nmund,, having hcWi adopted manyjears ago from thotprUiak code; aro nbt always applicaplb to our aerriOc- It Is not aiirpriiiing, thercforcr'tliat tbeayetepi should b 6 deficient in* the symmetry-and' aimpllcity easihliaVto tho hAmouloha 1 Voriting of its Bov eral parte. nnd.requireh'Carcful rWiiloni' , 1; ‘ ■V Xhfe present OrganitaUod,by maintaining large staffoornd or departmenUj separate* many pfllccra from that plosa connection with troops* and those active duties, in thq ftgld, which .arc deemed requisite to (pmlifyUicnvfbr tho (varied of. high .Command, , \V®*® the duties or, pie army, atplT mainly dischaj-gcd by offlccrs rictaohcdfrom thcit'ivgltatyUd. itfolft* liored tfiAt'tho’ spod|ftl'«cnr!(?c wonM bo’ <x«jnl,« ly WcUpprfbrroedi andth’a discipline and In-- alniotion of the ntmyUe improved. .While duo regard- to the t)ia Rights of ’and to tho pico penao of, h6fa r which phould bo cuUlyatid athbpg'thCin'j would'acemto exact compliance with thQ.cstatrtlshrd n\le of > tftHm 'ordinary 'eases'.' fitpl Sl cap hardly bo i doubted that the range of nrontouou b/.scloc • tibiu which is ndw ' jiraoticftllr iMjiiflncd to tlio I Kradb of gentfsl offloer«. nilght?op aothetViuit » Sxttndcd Vith \mhdi to tho . pbsmanod of lh«jrula pf «eaionty oometlmea mouon'of s**s'.&, tofln|»frt^ |raiy ;;• Suitable {uwmpjlibr remedy - thefiVUi Wi thdut - fished ajddiirrtobigh commending sldetatipu of the bdwer of,',placing btfiCtrs #%-- be/tmM to one yean vlho tlon bfiho .xncasuroyouM thpa; psi?at renew the Hence may -intosafe of thb aruljcry mfo;teg#hente fa ! ■ ‘ yhoßemccjof tuilUery artillery weuld’be Vhp tii 4 * - turo ofthcifdntics. A trPOpy > hovr called ate. hod have - , ty tefontryltVU»e distihettod , two Arms Mug merely. Jluwt o; 7-' nal artillery in opr .serVice t A portionnte to the wholeforpe ■ and grcaiijr, wifi; 1 ,; > theyants of the country demand.' . 1 ;: commend the .discontinuance of a !«ftrtincri6n^ vl ’ which hap' no founaatioii In either * the arfiia -i v edortbe dhatecter qf Uio to bfi. }< *■ connactidn .AiUi thopropogUloP ftfr thief ,> , crewo of tho finny, Ihave presented the»P sag gestlona with, tegatdio terUlnmeaauresOf Te-. k V, l'orm,ftB tlie cotapleinent of*' system,- 'which', wouldprodpco the happiest results frpififi gtveu ■, ' expenditure; and which I hPpomay attract the; esrly.'attantiori, «hd be : deemed worthy of tho, approval of Congress. V ; :•■ ,r \. Therecornniendationi of the Secretary, of tho , Kavy,having reference do more aifcpla • provU ; . alons, for tho discipline nod general. Imprpve.; , mentiln.tiib character.of aeamefa,AfidfCS/tto reorganization and gradual increase of the navy* , I doum'.eitilbeixUy worthy, of rote.feVoiablo. consideration. principles wWch-&ayeooiK * trolled our pbllcy.ln relfltion to, the permanent.... ’■rpillUryforco, by scaandliind, ■ slatcnt with the theory of oor system, ain ahotildj .;' by no means he disregarded, ■■ ‘ 'v. •' ■ But, llmUiOgtio foro* to the objects pfirticnv Lirjy sot forth in Aage, we chbald'not overlook the present tnog-: ; • nltudo and {prospective extension, of ourtouu morcial marine, nbe* foil tt> 'glve dußwelght.to tHo fact that, bcaidesr th&Vvro thousand miles of Atlanttd nPw a Pacific <OS*t # acretcblngfronxMeilcatothoßritishpOMessioni in the north, toemlngwith wealth and enterprise* .. mid d fjmantMng the, const&ht presence. of jhlps^ ~l -!: '\ ; - \ ■;' •! r'.','. • Thoaugmentation of tbo.tiavyha«Apt kept pace with tho dniles properly and profitably as signed to It in timo of peace, and It Is inadequate for tho large fleM of Its operations, not merely In the present bnt sUll morojn theptegreMlTely Increasing exigencies oriho WCnlth ttnd' Com hierce, of tho'.Unltcd States.'-,I tt^oyd|ally. ap-" . prove of tbeproposed appifinJJpemtemforour national Vessels, rccommendddhy tno flpfirttaiy l of the jfavy., • : /. *s'<% fr^ .' .'The during the last few ofmarine disasters df the tno/>t, tngidyUtnpe.. inrolnng great loss of human life,has ' intense!-cnibtlohs of sympathy and.-«nW throughout theconntiy; - -whether all these calamitous, erents are wholly’attrihutalde- to the -neccssaiyipd tev. evitable dfttigcrs!pf’.thepea.‘ '.Tho ruonctentaJ , mariners, dnaihip-huUdera of the Uni tod States: are; it is true, unsurpassed In .; !ar-mchldg«n- cottfsge,,hy asr thfcworid. But, with the increasing: amount &f bur coinineioial tonnage in • grcgatcVatid tho larga'jriH and improved e^tripr k mbnt oftho ships no wconatriicted.adeuacnoy in .tho supply of reliable seamat bejpus to. -bfi very seriously fdt. ; ' ■ . jl>.l*l;.*• Tho mCorfvordcce :miy« perhaps, oe.. W part, by duo regulation for the mtrodwuoo,. .into our mcfCsnt of indenture fipP 1 , tides; tvhlch, whila it would afford eligible occupation to. nurperoui young twai; .w«dd have a tethe t ,' -And Jt Is referring bl^^h oils'rijficetjon.'iribetherit tear nhl A be ’ to revisfe tho existing iaws’for the - of discipline at sea. upbn whldH the tedunty . hTe'and prbperty on the must to So gvCftt aa»* tcht depend. AlthbaghmuchattOTtidh htdal: ready been given by Congress ’to, Construction and arrangement of £t*am'ytr«B. and all passenger ships, still it id beliertd thAt thAachievcraratabf Science and,tecchaoifialwriu u - in this direction have'not been exhausted,./'Kd, 1. good reason exists for tho marked distinction, ( \ which Appears upon-otir; Statutes ,b«twten lhn ; laws'for protecting life and property; at ;sea,. and those for pro tec ling them bnhipa-\lninosi ofthoSl&tessevere ppnfiltiea prptided to punish .conductors of trains, and , , others crnpioycd hi tho’ 'transpOrtatiofi' of per- ; sohs by railwayi oi* by' steam da rirbrs* 1 . i • u MThy fihonld not the sam«''prmdplo; l te apr v plied tp acts of insubordination, cowardice, or, other misconduct oh,the part / . rosririers. imurr 6t flcatli to P»«fe»r gers on the high sc£s, ocyopd the'jurisuictloh.. ofjipy oftho Suites,and where such odlnquear, - clcs cab bo reached only by tho poifer of Con? ; gross? Ths wholo AipjecJ id eamesuy com^v, mended to yotif considerntipn. J .;. r ,1; , ■ ,- 1 !Tho report.of tho.postroMtcr.gCiwTa!. to which yon artVefcmd tails in relation‘to this important and rapidly extending branch Af tho public sdricfijsfaowft , tbfttlhc expenditure of the jfcar‘ending ddtoeSOf, 1854, including 8133,483 of balance audio fbt eign ofllccs. amounted to $8,710,00/. Tho i gross receipts during tho taino period amounted to 8d,055,588: exhibiting an rXpenaitnrtovvr. income of 81,755,32i:.aud a diminution ofde flcleiicvt as compared .with the last year,nf 8361,785; ' t ’ ; ‘The mcrease of the? revenue of thg-depart ment, foi 1 the year ending June SO, 1854, over thb proccaing year, was rifoe hundred,afidji*v inty thousand three hundred and mnety*mne dollars, l> T p; proportiohfltb tecrrtsb, hbwevwr, 'can-bo anticipatal for thacuircnt year, in ieOn- BOQuencobfthciict ofCongressbfJune 23,1854, providing for’increased compensatiort to. fill postmasters. * Prom three sjtftcmenta it' IsAp* 7 parent that the post office diriment; instead. , of dcfpdyinp^Us expenses, according to tho de- >' sign at the time of its creation, is pew. find un der existing laws must contlnup'io. be, to no small a charge upon tho ’ gimeral' trci-' ~^Thocoat the ! j'car ending Jun 6 30,’ 1854, 'exceeds the co&bf . the preceding year four hundred find nlnrtr five thoiisand and scyenty-fonr dollars. 1 . Tagam' * Call yOuValtcntipu td the.subject ,ofi mail trad- , sporlation oy ocean steamers, and riogggcfilionß of gtheralto ybiic eirlyattentiohi' During tholaat (isdaV.y«fi| cioVcnmniion crjty ihotiwmd nine - hundred/>nd t j acres of tho public lands have- brim. {sdrarVra, t ■ land onq hhpdred’finfiumrty thou lajiid and scvbnlced lnto Thd 'numberof sola i$ Bcvcnidilllon thir-. ty-ftvo thousand wren himd red and thlrty-dvß and Vecelved* theitfpr, nlr(fi Tblllloit two hundrcd.a'ndclghty-five'thOnwrid firohnn-/- dred and; dollars.’ The »ggr«ga'tf : , amolint of' lands soldi located under.' mihlfiiy scrip and land- wfirtahtal solcqted 2 as, fu^un p t lands by, P(afei, dnd bylocatingVh'dejf grafila for roads, iri bf tm(mty;tnrcc : mdlicha of.nrrw. 11 , ‘ TW inererfßo of lands lheprcvipiia VMr. is'nWuf six millions -of- ajnvsV and' the Rnlois jbiring' IJib rent year nrcstht the; CxtrMrdihiwy result /Of. five and’ a half mitlibnsfidld, «ce«ung .iy four miliiouß of acres'the fiiles of ihß Oom*.’ pondmg ijiiartert bf tho liwt year, thus Incrfias-' Ing io>n ttxtent npparalldM during ihy llko period itV htHlory the amountqf rfivrii l * uo: provldcd irort thia soijrco fbr tbc fedrifil V ' ■ . The copinvmdahlft policy. pf the In relation to porting. Apart pubVteT.dotefilh wr those, who haveertved thrir country int^afiof V.W- 1 H' % ' Vs
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