ME VOLUNTEER. John d* DraUoni Bgltor and Proprietor. CARLISLE, JANUARY «0, 1883. An Apprentice TO the Printing Business, wanted at this office.— Ono from the country would be preferred. He come well recommended for character and cd* oeallcq. ; . tr '.FobUO Aoctionikb—Gov. Bigler- baa appointed Wnxuir Goolp, Esq., Public Auct ioneer for the Borough of Carlisle.' Mr.G.i* admit afcif qualified for a faithful discharge of the dalle* of (hie office. *' , . (Q»The Agent of ih* Journeymen Printers* Union * who Is now In the ’borough of Carlisle, appealing to \ha liberality of its citizens to sustain the Journey, men against the crushing influenco of a haughty inonopoly.’hae ehown us tho first fruit of tholr pnb ’ llshing—Hs Foe’s celebrated; work, « Roh . isieon.-CniiM* 1 It is the only complete American! 'Edition ever published in this country.. It is neatly «nd elegantly got up—being variously bound In plain «od 4 gilded cloth and Morocco. As it I* honesty, (ruth, and perseverance struggling against might and monopoly'every parapn should purchase a copy to .encourage so good a cause. Jv. |PHi m ore a Candidate t Forsomelifnepasllherohasbocnegivingouthy the v’iWWg press that Mr. Fillmore yiould no\be,a candi. ... fronTalacehl article in llis rr lv ; Fillmore has no idea' of dcclihing to bo a .eandidate, but pula himself in (ho hands of hi* friend*. This being the case, he will no doubt be one.of the ioeit : formidib!e of the Whig candidates. The fight /or lha Whig nomination, will no doubt be between PHlaore aud Scott, and It |e a matter of but litllo .Interest to the Democracy which of the two shall -receire the empty honor. ' Gbcat Rintino of Pews.— The annual renting of Pewain the Plymouth Church (Rev. Henry Ward Psecher, pastor,) Now York, occurred a few weeks ‘ago. A very Urge audience was present, and a spin jlcd coropelllion prevailed. One hundred and forty pews were rented tor seven thonsacd five hundred dollars, and more than one hundred brought a pro* miom above the valuation. Tho whole amount ro* eeived annually for pew rents in ,11ns church, is about #19,000, equally, probably, if not exceeding, tho rents of any other church in tho country. The State Agricultural Society* - This bod/ root tl tlio Capitol, In Ilarrisburfir. on ToMttoVJtnßoty 20. We rcjjrol that wo sro no( able lo find room for their proceedings. Wo grVe ta abstract of the more Important matters. Tfie Secretary submitted'an Investing report of the proceedings of the Society during tlio paet year, embracing the particulars of the Agricultural Farr.- Resolutions .wero adopted requesting our Senators tnd Representatives iVCongreaa to use their influ. cnee in favor ofthecßtahllahmontofan Agricultural Bureau as recommended by the Prcaidcnt. Also In favor of the appointment of a State Agri cultural Chemist, The following persons were elected offieara : President—-Hon. Frederick Walts, ofCumbcrland county, with one Vice Prcaidcnt from each Congrcs. ■lona!diilrlct In the Stale. Corrttponding Secretory—Alfred L. Elwyn. Recording Secretary—Robert C. Walker. 3>efl«»r«r—Oi H. Tloeher. librarian—Lnther Kelly. 1 motviniey, uavio Momma, jr., Robert McAllister, John B. Rutherford, and Simon Cameron. ; A preamble and resolutions In favor of n Convcn. lion of Agriculturalists for tho United Stales to be bald at tho oily of Washington, was submitted end approved. . Th» Executive Committee were authorized to make arrangement* for holding a fair and exhibition In the ‘ Weitarn part of the Slate during the next autumn, If they ahould deem it expedient, after hear* log the report of the committee charged with the •object. • I*M Yka*.—The present year being leap year, the ladle* have many privilege*, (ho importance of which teem* net yet to bo duly impressed upm their minds. We have advanced now four weeks into the year wlthout seeing any marked evidence of their , disposition to assume the perogalivea which universal custom accords to them every four years, and which ITU tn« »«•*«•« •pproacnes* tney nave ever oeen auto to make towards that perfect equality of the soicca fur which certain advocates of “ Woman’s Rights''so strenuously, contend. The Dloomer failure, last year, When (hi ladles seemed disposed to anticipate the privilege* of this, may In a measure account for their •ppayect Indifference to tho matter now. . Chicago items to bo (hr only place where (hey have assumed their rights. A ball was given in that city nn New Year's .night, of which the managers,wore all ladles, end (beoards of invltatiun ran “youraelfand gentle* man." . This shows a prop er degree of spirit In the •ax, which, if duty followed up In other quaitcra, will soon auperaedo altogether tho necessity of hold, log Women’s Conventions. Tho lady who does nnt exercise her feminine rights in 1653 will have to wait . (ill 1856 before aho hqa another chance of popping the question. , ' . Frozen to Death* On Monday a week,svya tho. York Prnniy/pnnlont Mr. George Helndel,* worthy and industrious cit Izon of Hopewell township, in this County, was frozen to death oo the public road near Sleehrlst'a mill in (ho nuns township, within a tnllb uf tits owir homo. It appears that Mr. 11. was hauling lime from York with three horses, and had run into a snowbank, when he unhitched hla horses, two of which he star, lad towards homo, end they having arrived in ad vinee search was made for him. lie wasTonnd ly* log bp hi* back, but having blue marks on onp.sldo of bis fkce,lie evidently struggled some to freo him* •elf from the cold, toy death ho suffered—but nature failed. One of the horses being blind, he probably ,undertook to rids or lead him home, and was thrown by the horse stumbling, or was benumbed with cold 'tod could not proceed further. He was'found about midnight* A* ho was a man of correct habits, no olbaf eaQie’ean be assigned for Ms melancholy death. Ha jssisi • wife and family and many .friends to mourn bis loss. • EmctiriOH or tub Rmxaii.—The Rochcater Dt. •Inter?* aaya that for aome lima the elect among the believer* in Spiritual Manifestations have been quiet, ly removing from Madiion, end (lie adjoining cnun tie*, to Mountain Coro, Fayette county, Va., where they bgvo purchased 114,000 worth of fine land.— .The paper* dictated by (he Spirit*, and heretofore puWiahtd In Auburn, will be revived in this new land of promise. PKi-ra noM Fanaticuu.— A man named Goble, died ai Knightatown, Ind., acme time alnce, under peculiar elroamiUnce*. The Velundir ttyi that he 'wee • bellavat in the Rapper*, and had not taken noorUhmeplTor two week*, and had burnt hla hands by holding thaoi against the fire, Tor the purpose of '.Ukibf. the eliiotrlcHy out, as he aaid, while under teilrnordiDafy excitement. , Oby,. has appointed Goo. 11., Martin of Philadelphia, ono of bis Aid*, with (he rank of Liao tenant Colonel, GOV. JOHNSTONtS SINKING FUND* .■ Ex-Governor Johnston Is like the roal of ua ; bul his public aote tero elill proper ; subjects; of discussion. ■' In his lasl very brief annual , message,'in wbioh he did not even; condescend to inform ibo people and the Legislature oftbe grdaa amount of the receipts and .expenditure* of the C?om. monwealth, he-finds time and space to refer to ilie Sinking Fund. ’ Ho inform* the people, In os many words, that by tho operation of the Sinking Fund. $738,142 92 of tho Stale debt had been paid off!— This declaration every man conversant with Stale affairs, know* to be false. To show the absurdity and recklessness of the Ex-Qovernor’s statement, wo may mention that at the time he sent his.message to the Legislature, the Slate Treasury was bankrupt, and without ability to pay off the demands against U. Tho very 1 first bill pasted by tho Legislature after the inauguration of Gov. Bigler, was ono "au* Ilhorizing a temporary loan of $300,000.” So it ap pears that Gov. Johnston’s Sinking Fnnd, iii its ope rations, merely paid off ono debt and made another* If this kind of finanocering will pay off the State f debt, we might as well wlpo out our debt of over forty i millions at ohoe, and bo dons with it. Wo prefer to speak kindly of a retiring officer, for I we have ilia charily to believe that no man who bee been elected by the people to a high office, will, in* tcntlonally, abuse the'confidence reposed in him.—-j I But, If Gov. Johnston did Hot intend to play the part jof a demagogue, his anxiety for a re-eloclion Induced bim io act out m.n most prominent . .manner. Tho.penple will jcl dl.co»e r ,-r-lno» —— -* rOTv y£H,,y/.hls declarations—that instead .ofGov. JohnslooM having.raHncnd the Slate debt, ho has largely increased It, Like Rilner, he llos left debts for his successor to pay. These debts must bo met by Gov. Bigler, as (ho debts of Ritncr’s admin, istiraiionhad to bo met by Oqv. Porter, When Ritner retired from office, he, like Johnston, represented that ho had not increased the Slate debt, but had slightly diminished it. Dot, when the truth was made public* it exhibited the humiliating spectacle, (hat the Slate ! debt during the Ritner administration hod been in. creased near five.millions of dollars! And to meet this additional dubt, Stale loans hid to ho resorted to. So, too, with Gov. Johnston. In hit last annual message, he represented that the State debt hod boon reduced, to a largo amount, during the timo he ad. ministered tho Government. And yet in (he face of (his enlpty boast' arid falsehood, tho Legislature is forced to pass if bill authorizing a loan of $300,000 to meet tho demands upon tho Treasury! Tins was tho way Gov. Johriston paid off the State debt—pay. ing ono debt and contracting another. If wo thought wo conld cancel our debts in so easy a manner, wo would wipe them out with a wat npnngA nn (ho mo ' ment. ‘ ~ 1 During Uitnor's administration .largo debts wore contracted, and nono paid. But when the Democrats charged homo this, fact, It was denied by tiio Wings, and in turn they accused Gov. Porter with having increased the debt, and, for'the purpose of deceiving the ignorant) they pointed to tho large loans that wore made during Porter's administration; but they forgot to toll tho people that those loans were made for the• purpose of paying RUner's dibit—debit con* traded during hie administration, and u&icA had to be met. And wo doubt not that oar Whig friends will, in like manner, attempt to charge Johnston's debts to Gov. Bigler. • This ii a way they have—they I are, when in power, constantly contracting debts, j and when tho Democrats pay off these debts, the I Whigs turn round and boldly assort that we (the Do* I Imocrats.) have increased the Slate debt. Thie is not' only ungrateful but dishonest. Tho people, however, i —i- f'-J ...... ;u. u. r>_j oral trickery. They know, and feel, that (heirtaxos have been inciensod and tho debt of tho State aug mented by Federal profligacy and corruption, and at tho late election they placed their sea. of candcmna-l lion upon Juhnstonism,. and rebuked, by (heir votes, his egotistical pretentions. That rebuke, in the face of his attempt to deceive the people, by falsely repre. sonling that ho had paid off a portion of (ho Slate debt, will slick to Mm like (ho shirt of Nossus, and will he a warning, to all demagogues not to attempt to mislead and hoodwink honest Pennsylvanians. POLIOAMY. Tho report of (ho judicial oiliccra of (ho Utah Tor. ritory, to the Prcildcnt of tho U. States, complains of llio caloblishmcnt of Poligomy.or rather a ' Spiritual wife" system, in that territory, by the legal author, iliac, which aro said to bo tho officers of tho church. Tho report, in this particular, we must say, is hardly credible. Tho experience of all limes hus shown that llio system is permanent*and* cannot sneoeod; and men so intelligent as must have been tho Mormon loaders, would hardly have ventured upon (ho expo, rhnont at this lata day. Still tho officers, among whom aro Judge Biunokburv, of Carlisle, gravely certify to the fact. They say : " Wo deem it our duty to state, In (his official com* munloalion, that polygamy, or 'plurality of wives,’ is openly avowed and practised In the territory, under the sanction end in obedience to the direct commands of. the church. So universal Is (ho practice, Ihdl very few, if any, leading .men in that Community can bo found who have not more than one wife each, which creates a monopoly, and which wna peculiarly hard upon the officers sent to reside thoro. The prominent mcn*in'lhe church, whoso example in oil things it ia tho ambition of tho more humble to imi. talc, hnvo cadi many wives, somo of them, wo aro credibly Informed and bolievo, os many as twenty or thirty, and Brigham Young, tho Governor, ovon a greater number, Only a few days before wo left tho territory, tho Governor was icon riding through' tho affects of tho city In ah omnibus, with a largo corn nany of hi* wives, mnro thin two thirds of whom had infmls In llicir arms—a sure sign (hat (ho evil, ia increasing. It is nut uncommon to find two or more sisters married hMha same man; and in ono instance ni"lei*}*l7 Vindttior Slid hvr.two dunglitar* aro among (ho wives of a loading member of (he church. This practice, regarded and punished ns a high and revolt* ing crime In all civilized countries, would of course never, bo made a statutory offence by a Mormon Lo. gislaturc; and if a crlmo at common law, tho court would bo powerless to correct tho evil; with Mormon juries.” The entire report of the ofileera I* denied by tho Delegate of (ho Torrllory, In Congres*, to bo true, and wo rather put confidence In lliu denial. A/am. ily circle, *uoh a* attributed to Gov, Young, though Interesting a* a pioturo scene, would hardly bo found lotcruble in realisation. Such a family-circle would exhibit (ho breadth and depth of human' Buffering, - Appointment* by the Oannl Commissioner. J. D. Dakor, Superlntoedant of motive power and Supervisor Columbia railroad. J. R. West, Superintendent of motive power and Supervisor Portage railroad. BUPBIIVIBORI. G. W. Cloamn, Delaware division. J. S. Miller, Lower Juniata. J. A. Cunningham, Upper Juniata. J. Peter*, Upper Western. I!. D. Rotlenrmel, Snsquehanne. 0. W. Search, North Branch. J. 11. Kellon, on the West Branch, trnd.J. D. Iloupt, on the Eastern Divlionjiad boon provloualy appointed. ‘ Horace Greely It a looker-on at Washington. He •ay* that Mr. Clay and Mr. Fillmore both decline being oonildered as Presidential candidates; (hat General Soott and Mr. Webster arc the Whig can* dldates t that Mr. Buchanan ia the first man on the Democratic) aide: Gen. Butler next; Gen.Cna* no. where; but Dougiaaa of HI., ha* far the moat pro.ba blllty of the nomination. Horace ia aa oflon right ae wrong. WABHINOTON»» BIRTH ■ Thofollowing excellent article, from the’ Baltimore Clipped • wo' oomoModlo .M»*. attention ofalioor roadorer ‘.lmi , 0 . : ; Wo iro glid to ieo that roSinßqrii ofC!ii(igrd»» am making arrangements to cc'.ebralo.tbo cfyr old ling anniversary of Washington's in a beconi-' ingmanner. . Them no*er wao.a dphUliflialll' ll ’ l ? of thia cbnnlry when it waa mum necessary to teenr to the principles of Washington, than at Ilia prcient momonl; for an attempt ia now being an'qd, to pop. •true thoao prinoiploa in cbrilradlctton^brHiomcliona of bia whole life. Under Sucli cifoiihiarimoea, il beoomea necessary for the American poeplo lo i take up and carefully porueo liiatsuintaary of the policy upon which ho desired to ham tkd domc.ticand for. sign affalra of the notion conducted—hla Farewell Addrcsa to his fellow cltiaeak. ■■ A oarofol Mamina lion of that document VrilKaatiafy every intelligent reader, that the now interpretation given to it falsifies it, moaning, and la al.t/ar with tho whole actiona and aenilmonla of hla/ife. Ho pmged to bo a auc. ' ooßoful loader in war/Orid iaafo guide in peace! and to lialon to and'reaprct liia advice, cannot fail to ao euro continued,proaperity to the country. ~Tiio vain and tho fooliah mayioaal of tho manhood in which the nation haa arrived, and of the nnaollablonoao of i the infanl’a clothing loxtlio newly a'tlaengianlj but ■ the more wise will look to llio policy by.whioh this t growth has been acquired,'' and recognise iu fitness 1 for the prceonl os well sa tho. Dial condition .of the I country. By adhering to Hid yinolpln laid dowy -", f .iher of hie country, wo have progressed fiyn* i weakness to strength; from l(io dpppntUnco or/nfuney j to the vigor and powor-of manhood.-..110r-was the t thought entertained of abandoning ptlnnplce under > which wo had risen in a brief period tdancx-unplcd . prosperity and greatness, until-lhoarrivn of Koasulli in cur midst, with his now reading of Washington's language, and his now construction ofltho dnly of our country."lt had been supposed, tL}. the chief duty of our government was to prptccfyand cherish the interests of tho governed; and such itas boon the aim of nur rulers from Washington tojtho present lime. But it is now discovered, that, uio whole of our distinguished statesmen, and tho American pco. pto at largo, have been acting under a djldsion as to tho true object of government; and dial duty de mands, (hat (lie intcrcstsW foreign pdiers shall be promoted in preference to those of the United Slates. A foreigner, who wishes us to. as (ho ruler of tho nation from which ho is ■ a fugitive, has discovered, that Washington, insload ofvvurning us, as was supposed, against interference with tho in* lornal concorns of foreign powers, in 'reality coun selled us ip thrust ourselves into (ho disputes of,the -European continent; to punish hoci*-.-aiut wrongs there, until the whulo continent*! powers ehhuld bo'moulded to suit our views—hf, at-loast L until M. Kossuth ehall bo safely rcins|a\ddln power. And thousands are disposed to follow this new tight, and to relinquish the safe course heretofore"pursued. We soy, then,that at this particular linvcTjl la more necessary.than ever, tlial wo should consutUlio opin lona of the father of his country; and that the recur, ronco of the anniversary of his birth day should bo observed wit l * more than ordinary attention,.to man ifest our'ofTcctions for,the man, and our unfaltering attachment to the principles by which ho was gov erned. Wo therefore hope, that the 22d ofFobroary next will be 'suitably commemorated, not only ip Washington city, but throughout the Union; snd that Washington’s Farewell Address will.be reed by the whole people. the: presidency. Onto.—The Ohio Delegation to the Democratic . National Convention is -composed of aevtiii: persons favorable Id (no Don. Lewis-Cass for President eleven favorable to the nomination of the Hon. Wil. lust Allen, (wo favorable to the nomination of Gen. William O. Butler, of Kentucky, two for Senator I Douglass, of Illinois, and one for Gohcrbl Samuel Houston, of Texas. Tho authority for (his state, mcnl is tho Cincinnati ifaguircr, a prominent and influential Domocrotic.orgnn. Kentucky —Tho Kentucky Democratic Stale Convention have nominated Gen. William 0. But ler for (ho Presidency. New York.— So far as ascertained, il ls said that twelve Marot, one Douglass, and six Cabs delegates to (he Baltimore Convention, haye beep elected .in New York. Texas.— Tho Democratic Staid Convention of Texas has nominated General Houston W Ilia Pres* Idcncy, • Appointment of Clerks intiie State Pepartiient. —•Tho following appointments of, have been made In the office of tho Secretary of,.Stale at Har risburg: ,E. S. Goodrich of Bradford county, fo bo Deputy Secretary of State. Jacob Zeiglor of Duller, Chief Clerk. H. S, Dlcffcnbaugh of Clln/on, 6. S. Vliot of Schuylkill, and Joseph F. Shank, G. D. Laird and Win. Chandler of Harrisburg, Clerks. . Mr. Morris of Berks,and'Mr. Hillman or Lebanon, Messengers. , ... Revision of t«e Tariff.— A correspondent of the Journal 0/ Commerce.slates that Senator James, of Rhode Island, has framed a project for a modification of (ho tariff of 184 G, and having consulted several members In regard to it, will soon .picscnl his sohemo to (he Senate, with the approbation of'some of tho loading Opposition members of both Houses, (lit plan Is slid to look to a reduction bl* the rato of duties on somo anlclcs of.manufacture which enter inlogonoral consumption, and an increase oii finer fabrics, It proposes to add ten per cam, lb tho pres cnl duties on iron, and tho samp on fine, cottons, nod fabrics of cotton and wool; lo«ving(h» present sys. (cm otherwise as it is. FRKK NBQIIQBIf IN PKNNSYLVANf.I. Tho following .Is tho copy of a bill'toad In tho Pennsylvania Homo of on iho 9i(, instant: See. I. Bo it enacted by the Senate And Hnusb of Representatives of the .Commonwealth of Pennsyl vania, In General Assembly mol, and It-Is hereby enacted by tho authority of tho somo, That from ond etler the passage of (Ms act, it shall not bo lmful for any negro or mulatto to coma inlU or settle In this Commonwealth; and.any negro or negroes, mulatto or mulatloes, so coming, ‘ Immigrating, t, r moving Into this Stale, for tho purpose of Bottling therein, shall bo liable in an Imprisonment of not more’ than two yoori nor lesa than nino months upon conviction thereof. See. 9, That cijy person, or persons employing or otherwise encouraging any such negroo or mulatto to emigrate Into, settle, or remain within tho bounds of this Commonwealth, shall bo liable to a -fine of not less than fifty of more than one hundred dollars, to bo recovered as other fines of like amount are recoverable, See. 3. That such lino or fines so 'recovered shall bo paid Into tho treasurer of the nronor’cou'nly until demanded by (ho overseers of the town ship (0 wh|eh tho offonqb or'offences enumerated In the foregoing sections of this act', shall”have been committed, who shall apply U fptbe usd and comfort qf the poor In (heir charge. . See, 4. It ahall bo tho duty of (ho overseers of iho poor In (ho different townships, words or boroughs of this Commonwealth to make Information and prose, cute to conviction all persons violating tho second and third lections of (his aot; and any. ovoraoor of Iho poor who ahalt knowingly neglect orrcfuiea so to make Information as aforesaid, shall bo liable (0 tho fine imposed by tha second section of this act. Wheeling Bridob.— The Supremo Court of the United States has decided against Iho Wheeling bridge—so that tho structure wltl eilhbr have to come down, ot go up out of tho roach ofiioamboalf. Sterna. Bleoilpnof Slate Treasurer. : ' John MV BidkEtiV Esq., the able and 'efficient State Treasured for the past two yearsi-hae been reelected. Thls ia a well deserved compliment Ib;a. tnoal competent officer. Few men have ever filled tha |)oflt who havobrooght to the performance .of.ite,arduous duties a greater amotiht of ability, a more earnest and determined- character, or a more eipgle-roinded'devotion io'ino'i.o«.»*«a rhn Inter ests pf the Slate/' Under bis administration our financial affairs have been most faithfully and honestly administered, and while we congratulate him upon his triumphant re-olection, we also con gratulate the State upon retaining the services of so'valuable an officer. Discharge of the Christiana Prisoners. . LANCABTERiJan.S3.—The bills preferred against the Christiana prisoners for murder and riot, wore returned this morning by the Grand Jury, “no bills,” and .air the prisoners were discharged by John L, Thompson,-Esq., District Attorney. or the Maine Liquor txw.—-The Mayor of Portland, Me., has made a. report upon the operalions of ihe new liquor law, In that city. He says that the streets of Portland are perfectly quiet, ami that an open rum shop is not known in ib« oily. The House of Correotipn is entirely empty, and the number receiving assistance, at the Alms House and out, materially reduced. The Mayor is sanguine of tho ultimate and complete triumph of the law. VVhlgs are generally Very bad at guessing. A yearogo, the Whig Secretary of thoJVeasury es timated tho-exports-of the country for tho next year, and in no single instance came within forty miles of” the results. He guessed the export of cotton at forty millions less.than it.turned oat to be. In his estimate of other articles, he made a mistake of thirty-two millions. In both these cases his guessing was below the mark. Hut he came very near, in maktng up for these blunders, by another lheother'side,bul yet in favor of Whig gery. He ovcr-eatimaled the export of specie, by at least twenty millions. What a Yankee ! “Material Aid, I ’— lt seems that at Harrisburg, a musket and bayonl were placed within view pf Kossuth, with the label of “material aid” attach ed. 1 This delighted the Hungarian chief. Hut wo presume that he also wants men to wield the mus* kets.and bayonets—if so, the thing can bo easily ciThered, if those who sing hallelujahs to him in iiia pu«»ojjo itnuugii iiiu country,-are'ready sincere In their professed desire.to assist in the liberation of--Hungary.- Let them emigrate with him in a body to Hungary, provided Svith arms, and raise the standard of liberty. , That will be .the .most sensible way of furnishing “material.aid” to.the cause of Hungary. 'TAtiTßiDOEs.—This fine bird is in danger of, bo’ coming extinct in this part of the country, from-tho intense cold, and the impossibility of procuring food on account of (he deep sriotv, which prevents their gelling to the earth. We have heard of largo numbers being found dead by the country people which had perished from cold and hunger. The partridge is a fine bird, viewed either in an epicu rean or sporting light*, and we should' be sorry to see it disappear from our midst.* In behalf of tho?e who lovo good eating, and. also those fund of ‘•shooting on-thb wing,” we make an appeal to 3 ur, country friends to trap them, end heap. urlng the winter and turn them locs'S in the spring. Dy doing so, this noble breed of birds will be pro. served. Otherwise, should this snow lie on the ground for some weeks to come, the probability is that few or none will bo left. THE THIRTY-ONE STATES. Governors of Iho Slates and Territories, All elected by the people, except in South Carolina, where (lie Legislature chooses the Governor. (Democrats in Roman ; Whigs in Italics,) States. Governors. Salaries. Alabama, Henry \\. Collier, $9,300 Arkansas, John S. Roane, 1,800 California, John Bigler, -10,000 Connecticut, Thomas If. Seymour, 1,100 Delaware, William Ross, , 1,333 Florida, . Thomas Drown t 1,500 Georgia, Howell Cobb, . , 3 000 Illinois, Augustus C. French, 1,500 Indiana, Joseph,A, Wright, 1,300 lows, Stephen (lompsload, 1,0(10 Kentucky,- Lax mis W. Powell, 2,500 Louisiana, Joseph Wnlknr, C.OOO Maine, John Hubbard, licOQ Maryland,.. ' Enoch L. Lowe, 3J500 ■Massachusetts, George S. Boulwelf, 2 500 Michigan, John S. Barry,. 1,500 Mississippi, Henry S. Foote, 3.000 Missouri, t Austin A. King, . 2 000 Now Hampshire, Simucl Dinsmoor, 1.000 Now Jersey, George F, Fort, L6OO New York, ■' Washington Hunt, - 4,000 North Carolina, Divid S. Reid, 2,000 Ohio, Reuben Wood, j 2()Q Pennsylvania,, William Bigler, 3000 Rhode Islond, Philip Allen, 400 Souih Carolina, John H. Means, 3.500 X enncmo , • I?* Campbell, .2,000 Texas, P. llaniborongh Bell,. "2,000 Vermont, Charles K. Williams, , 750 Virginia, Joseph JuljmMon,- - 3,333 Wisconsin,’ Leonard J, Far well, . IQSO ’ , Democrats 26 5 Whigs 5. , ’. * Territories. Oregon, John P. Gaines, 3,000 Minnesota,' - Alexander Ramsey, 2^5(5(l Now Mexico, . Jaws .S, Calhoun, 2,*500 Utah, Brigham Young, 2,500 The Governors of territories arc sppoinled by tho President and Senate. Legislatures of the States. Political complexion and (linos of meeting of the Legislature at the Soots of Government. Slates. Majority of Leg. Times of Meeting. Alabama,* . Union (deni.) 2d Monday in Nov? Arkansas,* Dorn, Ist •* *. California, Dcm. Ist “ J„ n , Connecticut, Dprn. Ist Wodnos., May, Delaware,* Dum. Ist Tuesday, Jan. Florida,* Dcm. Ist Monday, Nov, Georgia,* Union, Ist “ *» Illinois,* Dem. 2d Monday, Jm. Indiana, Dorn. 2d Thursday, Jan, lown,* Dorn, - Ist Monday, Deo. Kentucky, Whig, Ist. . 11 ». Louisiana,* Dem. 3d Monday, Jan. Maine, D.m, 2d Wednesday, Jon. Maryland, Danie Ist " • » MananoliusttU, Dom.& F. 8. Ist m <1 Michigan, Dam. .Ist •* <1 Mississippi,* Union, Ist " « Missouri* Dem. Last Monday, Deo. N. Hampshire, Dom. Ist Wednor. June, Now Jersey, Dom.- 2d Turaday, Jan. New York, Whig, Ist Tuesday, Jan. N. Carolina,* Dom. 3d Monday, Nov. p'°*i « S cm * Ui *■ J*n, Pennsylvania, Dam. Ist Tuesday, Jan. Rhode Island, Dom. May and October. South Carolina, Secession, 4(li Monday, Nov. Tennessee,* Whig, lit " * Oct, Texas,*. Dein. • December. Vermont,. Whig, - 2d Thursday, 001. Virginia, Horn. Ist Monday, Deo. Wisconsin, Whlg&F, S. Ist , •* Jan. * In the States marked with an oetorUh, tho Legislature meet blonnatly. The Pennsylvania Leg ialalure is largely Democratic In the House, but in the Senate Iho vnto of, I Native gives the W.hlgs a of Now York Is Demootalio including the basting vote of Lieutenant Governor ; 111. Assembly I.AVlil,. In M.ryl.nd, 111. Sonnlo is Whig; (ho House is Democratic. OAVOVRAL ADDRESS •••,. OF , GOVERNOR WILLIAM RIGLER. Fellow Citizens s—Tho Providence of Gad has prospered otir great Commonwealth. Thewlll oflhe people has called od ,humble citizen to the'perform* anoe of tho duties of her Chief Executive office. . In accordance with the requisition thusmado upon mo, and In obedience to the provieUlons of- the Constitu tion, I appear before you 10-dny for tho purpose of subscribing to the oath of offico and assuming the tluil..)- I tnutii uuo- Jiy l/>.«vi>raan the profound gratitude. I feel toward the people for tills distinguished mark' of their confidence. . In contemplating tho high and delicate nature of the duties appertaining to this elation—their complex and difficult character, the magnitude of tho interests involved in their foithfiil performance, 1 am most solemnly impressed with tho responsibility they no* ccssarily impose. Tho junior of all my predecessors in (his high station, I enter upon the discharge of He duties with the utmost distrust of my. own qualifica tions for tho task. I have, however, resolved to do vbto my best energies, my hopes and prayers to a faithful dUcharo-oflbo obligation I have just taken, amllook to tho people for that generous indulgence which has ever characterized their action towards public servants who have honestly endeavored to perform their whole duly. The efforts of man, at best, aro but feeble; nil tho aid that Ills wisdom'can bring to the ncoomplishmenlofany'great purpose must fail, unless accompanied and controlled by tho guardian care of Him who gives direction to all hu* man affairs. On His power and good pleasure alt results must depend. On Him wo should rely in o spirit of,humility and Christian confidence. Oar -republican institutions are based tipon the axiom, that the people are tho only rightful source of povver. Under these institutions, thus founded, the will oflhe people reflected through the ballot box, gives direction to public affairs. Through this mo. dlum, Uib humblest citizen, not less than the most distinguished,can stamptho Imprcss'of lila will upon tho public policy of thc.country. This feature of bur Republican system is its great distinguishing char, actcrisllc, and,• guided by the general intelligence arid patriotism ofthe people,the cause,of out-success as a nation. JJ’hc right of suffrage should, therefore, bo held most sacred and luvhiMc, and its independent exercise enjoyed by every citizen. To prepare the minds of (lie people for litis high, trust, by general education, by the inculcation of morn) precepts Wd religious truths,-should be accounted the noblest purpose of the Government. All that wo.nre, and - all that wo can tinpo to bo, ns a. nation, is dependent upon this source of power. The right oTtlio citizen oyer property—hla personal liberty arid security—tho freedom of speech and liberty of (he press—lho free toleration of.rcllglous sentiment arc alike subservient to this grciif source of human law. How important ii is then .that this great head should remain pure ind independent—“ When Iho fountain, is pure, the stream-emanating therefrom wiM ’ho, also pure,’”— Then, by promoting Iho mural and intellectual cul ture of (he people—tho source -And vitality of niir government—our laws wlll.bo mndo wise, our insti tutions be preserved'pure; and our country remain Crain. prwrp»— ■■.■.nil- Tho experience of the world secms.to demonstrate that general. intelligence onH republicanism must move together. Tho successful, government of the people' is (ho government of'intellect, directed .by virtue'. A thorough education of the youth of our . cnuntcyjvill, therefore, iciid far more to the security of our inslilullona end (ho maintenance of our .na tional honor, than'all other means'beside." Common school education, high literary attainment, a'know- I ledge bf the arts and sciences, a comprehension of I individual rights, and (he principles of (ho Christian | religion, constitute tho very bulwark ofonr repuhli* can government. The schemes and machinations, of the demagogue will fall harmless before a people thus thoroughly educated. - j . Tho dangerous tendencies of monopoly, and tho corrupting influence of money, nro mol and counter acted by the power and virtue of this knowledge.— Liberal expenditures by our government for (ho pur*' pose of education,- may. well bo regarded as rigid economy, and the payments of the people for the support of (his cause, as pure devotion-to republican* ism. It should be the first care oflhc parent and tho government, and its fruits accounted tho richest le. gacies wo onn leave to posterity. ln < tne-uW3tiill|ra of 100 "Tnrlniin nf<|m ultl^i I havejust ossumcd, It will bo my anxious desire (p do “ equal and exact justice In nil men. of whatever persuasion, religious or political,'* and especially | u advance the interests orilii* great Commonwealth— to increase the resources or her treasury—husband her means—diminish her debt, and elevate the stan dard of her credit—to favor such measures as may bo calculated In dcvclopd her vast resources, and stimulate alike her agricultural, mining, mannfso* taring, mechanical and commercial interests, and co.ojiornln most clicorfnlly Wilh the legislative branch of the government In the adoption of such policy as may lend to lessen.the present onerous burthens or the people. Our. vast debt.should bo - reduced os rapidly as practicable. Its injurious effects upon the growth of our population,and the migration of capital to (ho State, is.much mure potent than the casual observer would suppose. This may not he most readily ao. IcompUshcd by a 100 parsimonious nsb'oftho means at. ready secured'to the treasury. It may bo wise to apply n portion of these to complete public improve, menls now far.advanced in construction, bul yol un* productive. The abandonment ofsuch improvements would involve the loss of a largo amount of capital already expended, and sacrifice entirely the chances of future returns to the treasury from these sources Indeed, the speedy Completion of (ho North Branch canal, Is, in my opinion, consistent with (ho truest principles of economy, Pennsylvania la, perhaps, unrivalled by any oflicr sister States jn natural elements of greatness and wealth, She is no less the garden spot of nur com. men country than she is the ••rtcystonn’' oftho Fed! Cral Arch. Abounding in inexhaustible end varied mineral resources, nn abundance of well located water power, admirably, adapted to manufacturing ond mechanical operations, tngoihpr.wllh a vast ex lent of the best agricultural soil, she can doubtless employ, subsist and prosper a greater number of human beings than any nihur Stale In the Union Her mountains, her rugged hilts and lovely valleys, are rich with natural advantages In man, Her non. pie are Intelligent, Industrious and enterprising, and If not restrained hy miwlso legislation, will anon occupy ond improve these advantages to-the fullest extent, and thereby render our beloved Stale nrosner. out and wealthy in on eminent degree. • A thorough knowledge ofthd science nfngrlcuKuro by our people will have a .most beneficial effect If not quite essential to the prosperity of our Slate ' I am. therefore, much gratified with the effort now bcing mado to accomplish (his groat end. Our own experience, and the history of other countries, fully dcmonstrole the importance ofsuch scientific odum. lion. The study of this science, combined with the practical labor of tilling the soil, it no less calculated to elevate and dignify the farmer, Ilian-In reward him for his (oil, 1 his groat first, most dignified and Independent pursuit of man,so peculiarly adapted to uur Slate, and the inclinations of our people, should command the fostering on re of government. Pennsylvania Is blessed with n rich abundance and variety nCmlnerals.adaptcd to the practical uses and necessities of man. Her mineral interests constitute a great and, growing source of wealth, contributing largely to enhance t)io receipts of our treasury. Thu appreciation thus given to (he value of properly— the population thereby sustained—the Improvements made for their development ond advancement, as well a* the direct trade (hoy furnish to the publie works belonging to the Slate, greatly promote this end. ’ The rich and extensive deposits of coal and iron ore within the bordera of our Stale make her panic, ularly blessed. Her anthracite coal bods, furnishing a choice and cheap fuel for domestic purposes, for generating steam for the stationary and locomotive engine, us well as for the propulsion of oar steam, ■hips, give to her a trade almost exclusively her own. For the supply of this article, .ho Is without any eon •ldorablo rlvol. Although this trade is comparatives In Its Infancy, it has already grown to one of groat magnitude, .. * • ■ I h * °. r product oftho mine Is made up mainly by the healthy, Invigorating labor oflhe hardy miner, whilst (hose engaged in this trade conitliulo an Industrious and valuablu constituency, with whoso IdenUfioV *° pro ’ porUy a " d K rflalnc " ofour Stale.ls , It will afford mo the utmost pleasure to favor all proper measures calculated to advance our groat as. riculhira], mineral ond other Interests. . Intimately connected will, il,„ gm , |„| crc ,|, 0 r Hid country I. llio .object of n currency. Tin proper diepn.ltion of title question limit only lil„|,|y |m! , . . Tll ° °" nr * «<our -y-lcm con.lli nr al ’ d , übernciori conilitlng mainly In the creation of too much paper fot the amount of flpocio basis provided /or Us re. domptian. The utmost bare should be taken to guard against (his tendency, add to secure (ho people In the use of this medium* This security may be messur. ably afforded by imposing on the corporators Indlvid ual-litibillly lo the fullest oxlonU The injurious offbola of an excessive Issue of paper money, have been so frequently domonatValed by sad experience, that 'll is quite umiccessory tb diioass (hb question on this occasion.. Tho laborer, the far. mor, the mechanic, the manufacturer and merchant, are all deeply interested in having a sound currency. No pretext can justify ,tho creation of a superabun duol amount of papfer money, and it is with, painful alarm that L hovo witnessed a growing disposition over tho entire country’to.’ increase. rnir*ue«'orihU medium, on a small specie basis, regardlcs%of the inevilablo effects of tho largo accessions of coin Which California is furnishing to this.country"and (o the world. Every people must hovo a circulating medium as a mailer of convenience. - ■ Ours should have what, ever amount tho transaction of wholesome-business affairs nmy demand; but-unfortunalcly wo are too unwilling to atop at the propcf r pcriod irf the creation of this.medium.,- That.aa coin becomes abundant it ahould supplant and -render unnecessary (he use of paper, is to my mind the plainest teoolnng of common sense; such practical effect is demanded by. the true interests of the people. A superabundant amount of money ofany kind,cannot full lo enhance nominal va» lues above a proper standard,sod thereby engender a spirit of dangerous speculation, and ia the end pros, tralo great.commercial and manufacturing Interests of tho country.' The manufacturer is more vitally interested in this than any other question'of govern, mental policy. Without a sound currency, the irici. dental aid resulting to this groat interest from (ho revenue laws.of the general government, can never hove force or stability. I would not bo understood by any thing- I havo said, as holding the. opinion that more legislation, however wise, will give prosperity to a country, while had legislation may restrain its energies, ;no matter what (ho labor, industry! virtue and patriotism of (ho people may be. Wise legislation can. only afford op. porlunliy for. tho legitimate, rewards .of natural re sources developed by- unembarrassed,.hibqr.'. -Thero Is, perhaps, no itiorc dangerous political heresy (aught in our hind, than that Ulo prosperity of tho Gauntry is to bo created by its legislation. A Just policy can only -guard and protect the legitimate means of pro duction from special privileges,'the devices of tho cunning and wicked, The .people should roly on their own individual efforts, rather than the mere measures of government for success. Legislation should give to oil citizens an equal opportunity of enjoying tho natural advantages which surround thorn."-Corporate power.and special privileges ton often produco.lhc reverse result,and should therefore only he granted to facilitate tho accomplishment of groat public purposes, not within tho reuch.-of indi. vi.dutil means. Capital and labor, on-operating, in a proper relative position, hayo made .and will oonlinuo to make our country prosperous and hnppy.. Tho rights of tho latter should never be 'sacrificed to- (ho interests of.tho former. Special legislation too fre quently lias thlstbndcncyl Capital can always com. mand employment and profit— labor, less-ablo lo command cither,'should receive tho watchful care of government. I am most happy; my fellow cltlzehs.'lo meet yon 1n my present capacity, at n period when onr common country is at peace with all tho worldand prosperous an an eminent degree.’ Tho dangerous conflict touch ing the subject of alavCry, which for atlmo seemed to menace tho stability of tho National Government, has been.most fortunately, and I trust,-permanently adjusted through (ho.medium of what aro generally known os the Compromise Measures, .The.general acquicsenco of tho several Slates In this adjustment gives assurance of continued pcnco to the country and permanence to tho Union—permanence to that Union, the formation of which gave our Nation early influcnco and dignity of position with (ha other Powers of tho onrth. Her rights have,, consequently, been respected by all, and her wishes, heard, with profound regard. In war, she hjs gained a high character for military prowMs.ohd'tn peace secured tho confidence of nil mankind'. Tho justice and liberality of her institutions has constrained the op pressed of every land to seek on asylum within her limits, and enjoy, under the ample folds of her No. tionnl flag, political and religious freedom. .- Tho'continuance of these unequalled blessings ia dependent entirely upon the perpetuity of (hie great nniinnnl.compact, and (Ida can only ba'socurcd by ■ nrnnnil observance of ilia term*’ of the. constitution under which it was formed. The Union and tho constitution are one snd indivisible. The former can. not exist without tho latter, and the latter lin'd no pur. pose bulto perfect and sustain (lie former. He,(here* fore, who is not for the constitution, Is against the Union ;■ and ho who Would strike nf either, would commit political sacrilege against the groat fabric,- sanctioned by Washington.and Franklin. The fed oral constitution must bo maintained and executed in all ilsparts.' It ia the paramount law ofoaoh State, and it is the-imperative duty of their respective gov crnmenla, lo assist in tho just and full administration of all Us provisions. To Congress Undoubtedly be longs, irt tho first instance, the duly of. making pro. vision io carry Into execution the Intent of. this In alrumcnt; but it is the right and duly of the States, moving within tho limits of their reserved rights, to co-operiilo with tho general government in’llils legi llmalo work. They should ccrtalnlj never attempt, by moans of their legislation, to embarrass the arf. ministration of (ho constitution.' Such interference cannot full to engender hostile feelings between the different sections of tho Union, and if persisted in, lend to n separation of tho States. So far'as legists, lion of (hia kind Can bo found cm the statute book of tliiM State, jl ahould bo speedily repealed. -Of (his diameter. I regard (ho groafef portion nfthe law of 1847, prohibiting the me of our Slate prisons for tho detention offugiiivcs from lahAV Whilslnwoitmg trial. In that work I shall most cheerfully participate, as t shall also aid, as for an I may properly do so, to sup. press uli attempts lo resist the execution of the laws ol Congress, whether providing fa/ the rendition of fugUlve* frmn labor, or for any other constitutional purpose.- Tho necessity for suob neflori ,Is fully demonstrated by the fatal consequences resulting from such an attempt, recently occurring within bur owrr borders. Tlio loyally of Ponnaylvoim (o 15e national Union cannpl lio doubled. She l< now an alto over lliii bcen,- for Hid constitution oml its compromises. She will maintain anti execute, in letter and spirit,the several adjustment mcaattrea aa passed liy the Isle Cdnjrress, oil tint ailbjcol of slavery. She ropnrds llieVo m'oasuTea n permanent aeitlomcnl of this dangerous geogra* phicttt conflict, and will discountenance; to the full cxknl of her influence, nil attempts at future ngilo. tion ofthe questions settled by them. She liai planted herself on tlio constitution, and guided by its wlao provisions, will seek Iq'doJuatlco to Bisections of the country, and endavor to strengthen tlio bonds of the Uninn, by cherishing relations of amity and fro* lernnt affection between nil its members. I need any po more, my follow citizens, of (ho importance of the Union, You arc, Inm confident, abundantly improased with its nuighiliido. Without union, our liberties never could have been nctilovcd; without It they onnnnl bo maintained. With the dissolution of this national compact would fall tho hope* of tlio world for republicanism—tlio cause uf, political and religious liberty—tho ponce end proa, porliy of our people. To the end, then, that,ila great blessings may bo preserved, and Its advantages vouch* a.ifcd to posterity, it becomes the duly ofall to yield a patriotic submission In .the laws .constitutionally adopted, and cherish foolingsof aflcclionoto Inter* course between the several members nf our, glorious Union. Admonished bo to do by (ho Immortal Woph. Inglon, let the injunction ho regarded by each, and all of us with n Christian fidelity. Let nur habits of acting, thinking, and speaking of tho Union, bo s« though It werq indeed “the Palladium ofour political aofuty and prosperity—watching for its preservation with jealous anxiety,' discountenancing whatever moy suggest even a suspicion that Ueanln iny evahl he abandoned, and Indignantly frowning at the first dawn of any attempt to alienate any pmllon ofour country from the roat, or to enfeeble tho sacred lisa which now link together (ho various, parts." Then ■hall wo have performed our whole doty—duty to ourselves—to our sister States, and tolhacauee of republicanism throughout the world.' Mr. \V«p. Editor bt* the Albany .Journal, now in Franco, Bays, In hie last letter t . . ;:.Tho eueobsi of Louie Napoleon's demonstration will, in defiance of the mafximj roll bach the wheels of revolution; It will nufoultho Arcs and eruah the spirit of Freedom all over Europe. There is no hopo for Switzerland or Sardinia, and leva than none for Hungry. The people of Pruaalo, Balirloen. dec. who obtained instolcinents of Liberty from their monarch#, will, or may bo required to, yield them back. ‘ .. • , . A bill baa pasaod (ho Sonatp to lesson, In Cons* berlnml county, Uio width of ibo Slain Road lead ing from Harrliburg to Gailyaburg.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers