BY JOHN B. BRATTON. VOL. 35. THE AMERICAN VOLUNTEERS Is published ovory Thursday, at Carlisle, Po'., by'JOHN ® BftATPON, upon the following condition*,whlcliwill bo rigidly adhered to: TKRMB OPBOBBOHIPTIOH. ' ’ n’nO Poronoypar.infldtumcc, . • Porsix months, In advance, • ... • * • t No subscription taken for a lees term than blx months, ai no discontinuance permitted until all arrearages orepam- Twonty.flveporcent.adclitlonalontheprlcoofsubwnpt . will be required of all those who do notpay in advance.. rates or advertising One square, one insertion,.... . '* Ono square, two insertions, • . • Oad square, three Insertions, ' . .Every subsequent Insertion, per squire, . A liberal discount will lie made to those who advertise hy tVio year, or Tor three or six months. 0» - ncK.-*-Tho office of the American Volunteer is in the sec ond jrtory of James 11. Graham’s now stono building, In Potith llonover street, a (bw doors from Hurklioliler’s hotel, and <ll rflP tiy opposite the Post-office, where Uiobo having business , - • » poetical. Gentleness. If tlioil hast cruslit'il a flower, * ' The root may not bu blighted. If thou hast (inericlieil a lamp, , Once more It may be lighted; But on thy heart nr on thy lute, Tho string which thou (last broken, Shall never in sweat sound again - Give to thy touch a token 1 If thou haul loosed n bird, Whose volco ofoong could chccr thco | Still, still, ho may be won Frorti the skies to.warble hearthco;, But ll upon the troubled ech Thou hnstthrowu a egtii unheeded,. Jlniw nut that the wimlor waVc shall bring .The treasure back when needed. If thou hast bruised n vine, . The sbmmer's tdralh Is healing, And its clusters yut'mqy glow • .i. Thro* tho leavea thelr blboni revealing, But Iftliou Imam cup o’ertlirowli With a' bright draught Oiled—oh. never B|mll thu onrth give hack that lavished wealth, ■ To cold thy parched lip's fever! ' The heart is like that cup. If thou waste the love it bora tbee,' - And like tlintjcwel gone.. Which thu deep Will nut restore luce; And like the string oflmrp or into - Whence the sweet smiutl is scattered— Gently, oh. gently touuh the chortle, . - So soon forever shattered I - jm&cjeUaneofMr. From Neal's Saturday Gdzeltc. FIRST LESSONS XX HOUSEKEEPING. BV NELLIE. Well do I remember a morning in tlio pleasant month of Juno! • Never Was there a lovlier morning! The balmy air was redolent with fragrance? Flora was dressed in all her Queenly attire. There was nn universal contest ol’ nature midst the roses* os bud alter bud strove to burst its petals and sliowitsclf in all its glory. On that lovely morning 1 left my hap py childhood’s home. Was I not happy f Oh yes! happy although I was leaving so much that was loved and cherished; One bouquet given me at parting I kept fresh and green as long as possible whilst crossing the moun*' tains; another 1 threw in my carpel bag* and loved il yet nmre.aftof 4 v wcek snw.nie in my.novY homo. Vi-s; it is still cherished, that.withered- bouqnct; the gill of a dourly loved friend... • It was a constant April with me fof several months; sunshine and showers; Amilcs and tears. I was boarding a week or two previous to my entering as dignified matron in my own house—those two weeks appeared ages? how I longed, to bd over my own thrcsliold~-to cry us much us 1 pleased and to laugh as loud as I wished. I did nnl dream of any trouble. No, not I? Nor even thought 1 should have shed n tear (ut least so many) when I was leaving my hap. py homo, f could moralize somewhat now, but ro* froin; and proceed* to inform you of my first attempt at housekeeping. . I w.m quite happy when 1 found myself comforts* bly settled in my . 1 walked from one room to another with my.husbsnd, taking n.satisfied look at my own handiwork, feeling myself very im portant, repealing lam mistress-of all I survey,•my' rights there is none (o dispute, (In a'whisper) except my liege lord. You must know that I prided myself in having been initiated In all the mysteries and niinutiai of housekeeping by one of the best mothers. The contents of Mrs. Child’s “Frugal Housewife,” with at feast half a doson others, had, I expected, made an indelible impression on my poor bruin; ] even thought I would not have fallen far below Miss Leslie. Vain presumption! but prido will have a fall! Thb lady with whom wo hud been boarding had very kindly conveyed into my pantry enmo bread, orcain. &c., for tho first day of my being sealed at my own table. What married lady cannot but recall Ihoao pleasurable foolinga which pervaded her breast, when for the first llmo sho seated herself as mistress at her own table, and her husband, with, a smile, waiting to receive his cuip from her hands. That very Impoilunl air and turn of the baud could not be avoided, you wilPcundidly admit. Tho second morning, having completed my toilet, S r with shawl and bonnet in hand, was about starling ..to walk before breakfast, when Dotty came to my [' «loor—"Mrs. Ilubbs! there is no broad fur tho break* •jfast this morning 7” "Well Betty go to the office , and tho Doctor will tell you whoro the baker lives— and remember, so you will know where to go again." Betty, I must inform you, was a servant girl who had lived la my mother's family, and I thought near* ly equalled her young mistress. Defly came running up stairs as if alarmed, exclaiming, "Lai Mrs. Hubbsl Doctor says there is no baker In tho place —everybody bakes their own broad I 1 * “What! no baker in the town! and folks must bake their awii bread!" 1 was perfectly amazed; there was break* fast ready but no broad—what was to be done? I almost felt vexed that my husband shouhl bu-sllllng to coolly and deliberately reading in his office; and there was I, pour soul, not knowing what to do for broad : disappointed in my walk, and making mysoK fool as happy as possible, ! wont down to tho break, fast room. Dotty oumo in from (he kitchen with quite a cheerful countenance to what/ she had when she loft mo up stairs, saying, '‘she hud went to our landlady" to enquire who baked for fyor, when.sho received (he same Information, that wb would, have to do our own baking, and guvo her what supplied our breakfast.' % ‘ . Husband came in to breakfast, and with al'mls. chievnua smile, as I thought, said, “Why, my'dear, you did> get broad for breakfast? 1 suppose my lit* do housekeeper knows the necessary ingredients for compounding a lonfofbroad?" “Oh to bo sure,” 1 replied, somewhat drily. ItjWos now 1 began to feel my deficiency; it was impossible fqr mo to talk, or appear cheerful. I did nothing but think, think;— VYhal was I to do? I who had boasted so rflon of knowing how to do ovoryth.ing, did not really know how to commence ujixing a leaf of broad. After breakfusl 1 retired to my njom and gaveyo.nl to my fueling In tears. I'was completely mortified, and summing up my pride I was determined to try; •o tripping oif to the kltolibn I said, “ Dotty, don't you think you could make the bread?" “Bless.mo, Mrs. Hubbp, no; you know wo never had to bake bread at homo, and I should lie afVald to try; if you would please show mo how thik time I, can try after* wards.", I now found l[mt my best plan would bo to take my first Icsso.n in, bread baking—and Ip make a beginning, ! soon was endorsed to i my. ojbpws, In (ho snowy flour. ! put .in salt, had'it wall saturated with water, and was proceeding to form U into dough when I made a sudden pause, “Why, Betty, certain, ly there is something cUeto put Intobioaa?" “Oh, sure enough/’she exclaimed, clapping her hands, "wo must have yeast. I wonder whero the brow* bouse is in this queer place?" When T looked at what I was,doing, making bread without yeast, I dreaded lgnorance, being exposed, ' Very-uncx- Ippctedly my landlady mode her appearance with a bowl or the desideratum; she look a'hearty laugh at ipy, exfense, said she sopposod wo would bake to- and she knew wo had no raising—then under her.'kind tuition I had to lacirn—yes absolutely had to learn to make yeast;' After giving, mo aofno ne oessdly directions, I tnadd up my broadband never did fond mother watch her sick babe with greater anxiety than I did that important lump of dough.' - “Well,-my bread teas halted, arid it really was done, Wbdt did husband say at tod when ho tasted sortie of my first bsklhg?—of course, it wos the very finest he had ever, oaten. This was nbl the only .bind of broad baking I had to learn, nevertheless it was my first-lesson, sinco that I have been progressing, in the art,- making varieties of yeast, corn broad, biscuit baking,.&o., for which I have exchungcd'tosomcof my good.- friends (ho knowledge of compounding sponge, jelly, fruit cake, and sq on. , r .The next morning wd had bread for breakfast,but no qrcam /or’our coffee; there was no milkman to servo us with a ted cup o(] chalky-Iddking cream, or a pint,of ethereal tinted milk; my neighbors were too hind to sell, and I was too proud to bog, wdlhoughl it than best 16 procure a cow. I liked the idea much of having a goodly quantity of nice cream, and Urged Dr. Hubbs to purchase one Immediately, and .agree* lably to my request he started in search of oijo. . | And now to milk, or not to milk, was the question; whether it was nobler to borrow; from my neighbors ' or to bear the slings and switches of some outrage* ous cow’s tail, and to lake up pail, in spite.of heart, i i aches which fear m anticipation had already created. ] Bdfore night I was mistress of a very fine brindle. 1 You may imagine, if you please, Betty and myself I walking down a garden to tho barn,' tomukq the i first trial im milking; ' Belly scaled herself very i carefully on the.wrong sidoofthe animal trembling i with-fear. . At the first grasp she-made the cow < merely raise her foot, which Betty mistook for a kick, and in fright went sprawling in Urn hay; after scrambling, out ns .quickly as'foffc permitted iior, she said, “I never Will.-bo able to milk such abeasl/only ; look at her ayes, she looks.os If she.would kill sonie ' one now?.” “Oil no, Betty,” I replied, I think you ' have frightened lier more by your starting; but do ; you stand at the sidc, and let mo try. I seated my* seif, and wap making an attempt, when switch went her flowing (ail around my, ears—“.Ob, goodness me, ' 1 can never milk with the tail waving around mo in such a manner. Betty, do yon hold it, arid 1 shall I succeed bettor.’* I made the second attempt but with as little success, and have never tried again; m.V milking was altogether out oflho question. Veiy fortunately, our Cato, * colored boy, was an adept in the art, and wc'had milk and cream In de licious* profusion; Ncxt oamc the butler making, but I must confess I did not know the cream should be soured previous to its producing the butter; much mojo had I to learn concerning milk and Its const!, (uorils. Next came the washing duy—that terrible day to the lords of creation, but tho housekeeper’s •gala day of soapsuds. Betty commenced opoiations early in the morning, long before breakfast. Whilst we word' breakfasting she came, in with a doleful face, saying. she had used a. whole.bar 6faoiip to the first tub of clothes, dnd could not make a lather , “in deed, indeed, I think the water is bewitched.” At these, words Cato poked his head’into the door, iTio' white of his eyes and his ivory appeared, rivals, whilst listening to Belly. She' continued; ** I never washed in my life before-but what , ‘’l could make siids; and oh, Mrs. Hubbs,'ifyoa.would onlyscathe clothes boiling-in the kettle, thoro’q a great scum bolls on i tint J don’t know what arid the water feels so strange, I do think- IhereVa spel’ on It?” . •» .• Tho Doctor asked Betty if jl was the'pomp water she woe using. “Why, la! to to sure,sir, I wouldn't toko nhy thing else than clean water.” “Wel!,*vell, Deity, but (hat is hard water, U must be broke before it can be used fur washing." At (his Butty opened her eyes in wild amazement, saying, as she retired to her department, “I thought as much, there was a spell on H and it would have lo be broke.” > After.dispatching a good hut muffin, my husband said, “Why, my dear, did you not know it was im* possible to use thq well water for washing without its being softened? It was only a few evenings since I heard you conversing, quite scientifically, with Prof. Quiz, on tho properties of limestone wai' ter, chcmics, and so on.” “Oh yea!” I repliod f ‘“bul that was all talk. .Do you know thu first thing which occurred ,to my mind when you spoko of breaking the water, was Xerxes chastising tho sea for break* Ing his bridge of boats.” Tho thought was so ladio. rous that wo joined in a hearty laugh. And once opain I had to take another lesson by pulling my chemical theories Into practice. Ah mo! how fro qncntly have I wished for some of (ho good SchuyU kill water, which is so profusely lavished on the c cun, bright, rosy pavements of (ho dour Quaker city. After (his Betty was always in her glory andjticfa on washing day,' os she hud learned to break the spell of limestone water. ' ' . , One word to the young Udioswho expect (o go to housekeeping, if you have not been so unfuitunate as I, not to have compounded u loaf, of bread, do von* (uro to learn, it will not infringe (ho loost upon your dignity. Why I really thought I was more dignified a Her .1 baked my first loaf than.at any period of my life. There is much more to learn than, ladies antici. pate in going to housekeeping. . Those in particular who expect to go west would do welt to try. Some western villages even in our own Stale make a pretty fair specimen oftho Fur West., Do Couleuteil with your Business* From a recent number of that most excellent perl* odical, Chambers' Edinburg Journal , wo quote the following concluding paragraph of an Essay on tho duly of being contented with the business with which wo arc engaged, and never to regard it with shame or dissatisfaction: “Tho supposed capabilities of a man for another employment should never have the effect of making him despise or neglect his present, one, however humble H may be. If it is worth our while to do anything at all, it is surely with our while to' do it well. If there bo any false shunto'on (lie subject, it ought to bo banished by tho reflection, that there dro a vast number of men of worth and talent superior to ours, laboring, and laboring cheerfully, l at still meaner dmploymont*. Beside, it should boborno In mlmhthut oven in comparatively obscure situations in life, there may be, ami-is the greatest earthly hop* pioass. By a due culture of the faculties, by refining the sentiments, a oominoa blacksmith may enjoy a satisfaction of mind equal to that of the greatest man in tho parish. ■ One who values genius merely as a moan. o( advancement in tho world, cannot know or fool what gonlua ia. Yelon tl.ia false eillmalo oro baaed a groat proportion oflho droama which disturb tho existence and Ollier away the energies of youth. It 1. not spiritual, but tomporal glory for which tho common visionary pants. It Is not tho .mile of men ho doairea to captivate, but merely their pockets: tho paradise which opens In his mlnd'a eyo beyond Iho counter, la composed of lino house., gay dresses, and luxurious meals. Tho meanness of sueh aspi rations, enable ua to say without oumpuuolion, that ho who indulges them, no moro possess tho Intellec tual oapabilllToa ho fancies, than ho is llkoly to enjoy tho substantial rewards of industry, and porsovor anco. H . “ What a beautiful place heaven is 1" exclaimed a litllo boy. “Why do you think so?" aSkod his father. “Because" said he, alluding to tho stars, “<As in thejloor aro so beautiful. 1 ' • Ladies at Cmmon.—Somebody says that females go to mooting to look at onoh others bonnets, That's downright scandal I . They go,ln show their own# CO*Ap Irishman on being told to groasd tho wa* gon, returned. In about an hour afterwords anil said, " I’ve greased every part of tho.wagon but them slicks where the wheels hong on." “OUR COUNTRY—MAY ITALWAYS BE RIGHT—BUT RIGHT OR WRONG ,OUR COUNTRY,** CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY, MARCH 8, 1849. MISS SPRING IS COMINGS BV THEODORE A.' OODLD. Miss Spring-ia a coming Again I again I With her cheering smiles of mirth: With her warming sun, And her genial rain. - With her flowcralo strew ’ In the garden and plnih i And her warbling birds, Whoso Joyoba strain Shall gladden the grateful earth. . Mr. Winter Is going, - Hurra I hurra I What a hateful old follow is he I- ’ There'!! ha many dry eyes When lie sous bis last day; Wliy. hd hasn’t a IVlohd ’ • ’ < That would like him to stay I Hal ha I we'll be glad. When he tollers away— Good riddance, old Winter, say we. Miss Spring is a coming, • And well wo know . • She's a brlghfand a laughing thing! ' And her balmy breath ' Will melt the snow; . Add thn ice bound stream. In litTclonco vvillflow: ' And the birds wiH sing,. • And the bright flowers grow— Then Q welcome to beautiful Spring! From the Public'-Ledger. KhHGRANfESSES TO CALIFORNIA. Tho ladies arc going to California, i .Wo are glad of it, for nothing less than feminine influence, will prevent tho men who go there, however respectable they have, been here, from degenerating into a law. lose, savage, brutal mob. Wilhbut woman, man cannot bo anything higher than a quadruped on two legs, like any olhor monkey or danciog.boar. Adam, till lie was introduced to Evo, was not fit for any other society than lions arid tigers, boars and wolves, hogs and woodchucks, and other horned. cattle,— And one of Eve’s vdry first efforts was to wean him from such society.. We admit that she did it at some sacrifice. But anything wos.beUcr than such company to a refined, elegant, affectionate -.young creature, tho very incarnation of ddmcctio felicity; and she did it. . Let a woman alone to accomplish anything'whore skill, tact, address are necessary.— Andcvcn if the devil's help bo, necessary, she is suro to get it. Mrs. Farnham, formerly matron of lh6 Now York State Prison at Sing Sing, who goes to to settle the affairs of hef husband, who lately died there, has advertised for one hundred and fifty young women, not under twenty-five years of ago, each of whom can furnish a certificate of character from her clergyman, and a capitul-of two hundred and fifty dollars, to accompany her. to the now El Dorado.—: We hope thqt she will receive five hundred applica tiunsTor.thc first voyage. But wliat sort of woman is Mrs. Furnham? Wo are told that she. succeeded in humbugging nnd twjsting round her finger, every one of the directors at Sing Sing, nil.'very-intelligent men, so far as to govern absolutely in her department of matron. That is enough. ’ Mrs. Farnham isthc woman for the Ledger! Ordinary men, vulgar thinkers, who aro- moi tally afraid of petticoat go. vernment, because it iinpcaohcs their dignity in theiT own estimation, soy that these directors were humbugged. Now they were the very men to com prehend and appreciate such a woman as Mrs. Furn* ham, and therefore exhibited their good sense in yielding to her suggestions for the government uf.lho female prisoners. She humbugged them procUely oa Columbus humbugged hi* disciples. ' He'found clplos holy Til those who had brains enough to com* prebend him. Only blockheads revolt from petticoat government. Josephine exerted a powerful influence over Napoleon. And she would-have done it over Alexander, and Cmsur? nnd Alfred, and Edward I, and Henry IV of France, nnd Cromwell. Bat all her talents, her aspiration, her refinement, her ex pansive benevolence, her faith in God’s justice and man’s perfectibility, would have been thrown away upon an ass. * Sucli is Mrs, -Farhham, the very woman to ton. I ccivo end execute such it project; the very woman • with sufficient intelligence, courage, benevolence, I aspiration, to understand that, where the sexes are i separated, women is sent to the desert of Sahara, i and man to hell; (hat, while thousands of men are going to California, to plunge into that gulf of per : di(ion (hat always awaits every community of men i exempt from feminine restraint, hundreds of women ’ aro left behind, to a life of cheerless, hopeless (oil; ■ that,’sending women to California will rescue them from a life of both positive and negative gloom here, t and the men from u life of disorder and crime there, The women for whom sho advertises may bo found in largo numbers in the sowing garrets of Now York. Mos; of them aro from the country, and, have been educated in country schools, and to a much, higher point of-lnlollocluni and moral devetopomcnt,'tlian Is reached by very many children.of fashion, bred in those- sbmfnitrics of humbug that may.bo found in somq of the greet cities. They are not only well qualified for woman’s appropriate province, the da* meslio fireside,but many of thom.mlg)il outshine (ho most fortunate pi any department of American socie ty. Hero their chances of marriage, or of anything more than excessive (oil for a subsistence in poverty, are few. Hero they must-1* stitch, slitah, qllloh" foe the grovelling sharks who rapidly mako fortunes out of bank ciodilsund their miserably paid labor. In California, whoro men aro numerous and tvomon few, they will bo well paid In every department of feminine labor, and wjll bo eagerly sought In. mar riage, by men who must marry them or none, and would bo very fortunate in marrying them anywhere. We ore told that 100,000 active and energetic men will reach California from* the Stales, within the on* suing year. Tf so, nothing can save that region from becoming Pandemonium, but a largo emigration of women. Therefore., wo hope that Mrs. Fnrnham’s inooice Is only the beginning, and that not less than 20,000 young women will leave the Stales for Cali, ferula.in,the ensuing year. Some of'the newspapers are Indulging in ribald ridicule of Mrs. Farnham’s project. Of course she must expect this from all vulgar minds In and oat of the press; for no woman over yet attempted anything boyund the drudgery of the household, without In curing the taunts,'the jibes, (ho sneers of all those coarsely: selfish animals who regard her merely os their own domestic convenience, and with no higher sentiment thou those of a quadruped. Dul where is the ground far ridicule ? “O (hoy are going in pur suit of husbands I". Indeed! For (ho sake of argu. inent wo admit it, and then ask if the relation of marriage is so disgraceful, (hat woman cannot seek St without descrying ridicule and contempt? The Bible, as nature, tell us otherwise. Low* minded men ridicule women for being “old maids,* 1 a term and a (auntnovor yet uttered by. a gentleman. Then truly their lot is hard, If they arq # to bo ridi* culed for celibacy, and , also for docent and proper efforts to avoid It. But wo will admit (hat those poor working women, with their ample store ofpor. tonal, intellectual and moral attractions, go nil the way to California In pursuit of marriage. Is ** hus band hunting** unknown among their more fortunate sisters? Do wo never witness or hoar of manccuvros among mothers and misses in win I Is called “fashion* able life,**, to catch desirable matches 7 Let a young candidate far matrimony show his head In, llio pulpit of a fashionable church, and wo are greatly mistaken if ho have not his hands full ofvbtbta classes from daughters, and civilities from mothers. And if a rich broker from London, or Paris, or Vienna, or Fi rankfort, should oomo over and appear tit an opera .101)80 or thootre, and another broker, perhaps one of Iho firm, should load scores of Indies out of their boxes Inlp tho now lion’s bo* for an Introduollon, and tlio ladies should absolutely struggle for the first chance, would they exhibit any "husband hunting?” 0 not They arti too “rospoclablc’l for such imp'uta. (ion. And (f all Ihosb civilities should suddenly dla 'away upon n report; that, the. lion was not rioli, would the ” husband hunting” scorn to flow fVom any. mercenary motive? Would it show that Iho candidates, for a “splendid alliance” wore willing tq' soil themselves, If the bid were high enough? Certainly not. But if ths poor sowing girl.'pcrhapn with beauty, intellect and cullivalion in that oven the majority of wealth’s favorites might envy, should leave her severe toil and scanty bread at home, and I seek belter wages and a better prospect of marriage in California,Q the indelicacy! 0 the outrage! 0 1 the enormity! And who make the outcry 7 Among! men, those whoso estimate of woman Is the Turk’s ! of the,old school.. Among women, the fashionable : wives and daughters of the very men who have made, fortunes ’rapidly, by employing largo numbers, of wbmeii at starving prices. Envy, DT TQE MILFORD BARD. They.tell mu that on Egypt's shore. There lives on Asp, whoso hlto la mure Destrucllvtvthmi the Hfe-pwlsw gore, ' When gashing from the channeled pore. ' But Envy's eyes more deadly mil; it biles the body and the soul. They tell mo of the Biroc air, • TJmt'swccps the desert loiie and boro, Ofev.’ry living form, tho’ftlr. . - To breath it noiio will over dare;'. • ButEnVy is a deadlier breath; ; IlJwilhors life and preys oh death. - They tell mo ofthe Upas’ wave. That be who drinks win find a grave: Ere He arn utter, "Save, O snvei” Tho spirit leaves lie earthly cave J : - • ■ the drop Hint souls halli' wning, Flows from tho scorpion Envy’s tongue. • They toil mo Hint Hyenas howl And In;the silent gravo-yanl prowl,. And o’er the human carcase growl. ' Vvhon.l»lclu puis oh.her soldo cowl:. • BdVEnvy o'er tho snu) doth ravoi Amtdanccs on its victim's grave. ’" A Fatiny Law. Virginia is famous for many innolh mg more than in her laws, if the following bo a specimen., . A Washington correspondent-of tho Columbus Standard, deserves credit lor bringing’it to the light of day, which he copies from! “Homming’s Statues at.largo," Ho prefoccs it thus: ‘At a Grand Assembly, held at James’ Ciltic, in tho year 16Gl,wcro passed many acts Mo tho glorie of God, and publique good of this his Mu. jestie’s colony of Virginia among which is. •‘ “ WonVenjcauslng scandalous suits,to, be ducked. Whereas, oftentimes many babbling women often dandtftrond scandalize their neighbors, lor which husbands are. often, brought into chargeable r *nd vexatious guiles, and cast in greate damages:. , ** Be il dhtreforo enacted by tho. authority aforo sajd, Tiiat actions of slander occasioned by (ho Wife, os aforesaid, after judgment passed for the damages, shall he punished by ducking; and if the slander be so enormous as to be adjudged at a greater (damage than five hundred pounds of tobacco, then iho woman to suffer a ducking for eve ry five hundred pounds of tobacco, so ajudgod against Inq husband,(lf ho refuses to pay the tobacco.” OrlgUj of tho old Oaken* Bucket. We came in possession, last week, of an anecdote respecting thejprigin of Samuel Woodworth’s famous ballad of thatmame, winch appears to us to possess so much interest, that wo cannot withhold it from our readers~fopccially us it has not before been In prin\. Some-years ago, when Wdodworlh, the prin ter, and aovcrjftqlhor ‘Old N. Yorkers,* wore brother types in u printing office, which Was situated, at the nf a ‘ good drink.* A cqs mast worthy of patronage, was an establishment kept by Mallory, in Frankfort street, on.or about the same spot whore Saint John’s Unit redbiitly >lood. Woodworth, in company with several particular friends, had ‘dropped in* ot this place one afternoon,, for tho parpuso of taking ‘brandy unci water,’ which Mallory was famous for keeping. Tho liquor was super excellent, and Woodworth, seemed inspired by it; for, after taking a draught, ho laid his glass upon the table, (remember dear reader, If you please, that in these ‘rare old times,’ u man rarely met a friend without Inviting him to imbibe,) nnd, smacking his Ups, declared that Mallory’s eau.Je vie was superior to anything ho hod over lasted! *Np,* said Mallory ‘you ate mistaken; there was one thing which in both our estimations,Tar surpassed this, in tho. way of drinking.’ * What was that?’ asked Woodworth, dubiously. ‘The dradglit of pure, fresh spring water that wo used to drink from the old oaken bucket that hung in the well, after our return from-labors of the field on a sultry day in summer.' The tear drop glistened for a moment, in Woodworth's eye. 'True —true!’ ho replied, and soon utter quitted the place, Flo immediately returned to the office,‘throw down, his allele, grasped the pen, and, in half an hour, “The Old Oaken Bucket,” one of tho moat delighted coin, positions in our, language was ready, in manuscript to bo embalmed In the iriumories ofWccoding gone, rations. There, reader Ido you say there7s nothing new under tho sun J—//ome Journal, • Advice of Counsel* •• There is a well known custom prevailing in our criminal courts, of assigning counsel (o such priso ners as. have no ono to. defend thoui. On ono ocoa> slon, the Court finding a man, accused of. theft, and without counsel, said to the lawyer who was present, ploqso lo withdraw with the prisoner, confer with him,’ and thori givo him suioli counsel os may be best for Ids interest.” The lawyer and his client then withdrew, nnd in fifteen or twenty minutes, tho lawyer returned into Court. , . .. ... “ Where is the prisoner ?” asked tho Court.. “ lie is gone, your honor,” said the hopoful legal limb, “Your honor told mo to givo him the best lUivico fur his interest, tflnd as ho said ho was guilty, I thought thu best counsel 1 could offer him was to ‘out and run,‘ which ho took at once.” NIOIIT. Night is beautiful itself, but still more beautiful in Its associations; it is not linked, us day 'is, with our oaresand our toils—the business and littleness of life. Tho sunshinu brings with it action; wo rise In the morning, and our tusk is before Us—and night comes, and with it rest. Jf wo leave sleep, and ask not of dreams forgetfulness, our waking is in solitude, and our employment Is thought, i imagination has thrown her glories around t|ie midnight—the orbs of heaven, tho silence, tho shadows are steeped in poetry. Even in the heart of a crowded city, where the moonlight falls but upon pavement and roof, the heart would bo softened and mind elevated amid tho loveliness of Night's deepest and stillest hour. Two Impbduirnts.-~A' handsome youngs Yankee redlor made love to a buxom widow in Pennsylvania, la accompanied Ills declaration with twoimpedi uonls to their union. ‘•Name them," said tho widow. “Tho want of moans to sol up a retail store is the first," topliod tiio pedlar. They parted, and sho sent (ho podlar a olioolc .for ample moans. When they met again, tho pedlar hud hired and stocked bis store, and Uio smiling fair ono begged to know tho olbor impediment. “1 have knottier wife I*V cried (ho notion dealer. £j* A robustious countryman mooting a physician, ran to hide behind a wall j being asked tho cause, ho replied, “ li is so long since I have boon sick, (hat I am ashamed to look a physician in the race." Ricmarkadlic Cask of Rbooviciiv.fiiou Insanitf.— Wo loam, says tho Doiton 7iaor//er, that o man who has for the luut forty yean been confined na a roving inunlao, In Iho Poor Houbo tit Nowlon, has boon suddenly restored to his roasoni Ho hua, boon re garded us Incurable? ond for a gfont pari of the lime during his ounfinpinonl, ho hna boon so violent as to rondor it nocossory to chain him.' Now hols olothcd ! and In his right mind—appearing UUoono awakened' from a long sloop,and remembering distinctly events which occurred- previous to-tho loss of his reason, but nothing that lias transpired during tho long years of his confinement. 9 . Mechanics I Read* Extract from a late Address of the Hon. Za dock Pratt t I delivered beforeihe Mechanic's Institute, N. York. | In the circled false refinement, or where trtifc re-, | fincment perhaps never dwells, you may hoar the ex i prcs&ion sometimes used, us if in derision, orconjmi flcration t “Oh, ho isonjy a mcqtmnlclV. It may seem strange, but there arc nion and vvom’eh too; who can : boast no ptlicr lineage thcihsdvcs, and who* when told of this pour man's misfortune, or that man’s sud den full,, pass over, tho matter with tho remark of “Ho is only a mechanic.” God docs help .hlh. friends—God helps those who help themselves j and I say it boldly here (his day, that there ore more happy, prosperous, oyc, noble men among tho me* chanics.of.this our land, than in any other class of equui numbers. “Only a mechanic!” Why, 1 re member there was a certain man culled Felix, in the Scriptures. Whal his pedigree was,.l do,not know; but .his countrymen were a proud race, and hated the mechanics, u'tont-makcr, made this same Felix tremble. “Only a mechanic!”. Why,Noah was a shipwright—‘Solomon an architect. And who built tho Pyramids—who the ancient cities, whoso ruins till the historians; philosophers and learned men of modern times arc unable.to eplain?. .The groat tern-, pies of the F!o|y city—Tyre, and Sidon, Bnlbco, Per sepolis,’Babylon, Palmyra, and other wondrous rnon. umontsofthe East, whoso magnificence no modern art cdn excel!—who built them ? “ Oh, it wos only a mccli|tnio!” ; . . j In aputhcr place on a different occasion, I alluded to the impulse given to (lie modern-improvement, l uhd tho change wrought upon (ho face of the whole world, by tho invention of Faust, wliogave light and knowledge to oil mankind; the discoveries ofCofum* bus, the science of Franklin, the ingenuity of Ark*, right, the geniuses ’of Fulton and Whitney— me chanics all eye: “nothing but mechanics.” I need: not attempt to soy tfhat wo owe—what thisnation 1 owes—whut tho civilized, world owes Iq.these great men. All the. Kings and Emperors that ever-lived, all the artists, poets, philosophers, all the statesmen, you mayjjilo up in one scale, And they are weighed down by tho discoveries of Faust, FulUm, and Whit ney. And yet these men wore “only mechanics!” • You havo a right to bo proud, my friends, and I certainly feel proud that Franklin, and Fulton, and Whitney, all were countrymen afyoursand of mine,' though they w'oro “ only mechanics.” -1 feel as if I could hold up my head proudly, when 1 can say,that young as we nro as a nation, such is the free scope and tendency of our institutions, and our glorious, climate, to foster tho full energies of the mind, and, to grow the whafe man t that-in all. (he useful media* nicarlswo arc outstripping the nations of (he oltf world.,. In arts and in arms, and in every worldly pursuit .of man, our advancement stands unequalled since tho world began. The Lungs and the Food. Liebig says an adulfman receives into his system from the atmosphere by.rospiration daily; thirty two and a half ounces of rixygen. Tho weight.of tho whole mass of the blood is twenty four pounds.-* Respiration in four days nnd a half will convert the whole of the carbon and hydrogen of the blood into carbonic acid and water, and it is necessary that those elements should bo restored again in the form offood. Ifllic respirations are increased by exercise or work, a greater quantity of oxygen Is inhaled and’ a greater -upply of food is needed. In winter more oxygen is received by respiration than In summer, because the air iadenaor, uud more at tho foot of a the oxygen conveyed by tho circulation of the blood to all purls of the body, Isthc source ofanimul heat. TboTood la the fuel, and with the proper supply of oxygen wo oblnjn the boat given out during its oxl daliuu or combustion. The cpaling of (he body in. ■creases (he amount of fond neecssury, A starving man is soon frozen to death. Tho Aral effect of starvation is tho disappearance of fat, given off through the akin und lunge ns oxidized products; afterwards such.solids us are capable of lacing dis solved. Death is produced by tho chemical action of the atmosphere. r Facts about Digesdoii. f i Wheal is niost nutritious of nil substances except > oil; containing ninety five parts of.nutrlmcnl to live , of waste, mutter. ~lsry peas, nuts., and barley are ■ nearly .as nutritious a| wheat. .vegetables l stand lowest ort the.list, Inasmucb.as t)iey contain . when fresh a largo portion of water. , The quantity , qf waste. mutter is more than eight-tenths of the , whole. .Voul is the. most uiUrftous, then fowl*, then , beef, lust perk. .The most nutritious fruits arc plums, , grapes, apricots,’gooseberries and melons. Of nil i tho articles of food, boiled rice is digested in the : shortest limo-ronu hour. As it also contains eight tenths, of nutritions mutter, it is a valuable subKlaiico of diet. Tripe and pig’s Tetri arc digested almost ns rapidly. Apples ifswcct uni! ripe, are next in order. Venison is digested almost as soon ns apples.— Roasted.potatoes aro digested In half of the time re quired by the same vegetable boflcd, which occupy three hours and ti half— more than beef or mutton. Dread occupies three hours and a half—an hum , more thuh-is required by (he sainq article raw.— Turkey und gobso nru converted in two hours and a half—an hour and a half sooner than chicken. Roast* od vent and roust pork, and salt beef occupy five hours and a half—tho longest of alt articles of food, j Pick-pookkt Tjupped.—Mr. Simon Pilee, an el. dcrly and very respectable gentleman from ono of the interior counties of this Slate, arrived in to\w on Monday, nnd bad his pocket picked ut (be PostOlficc door on Tuesday. . His loss was not very great,—for lliu walla,l purloined contained, nothing hut a-ragged shin plaster rcpicßontalivc ofs3;—but Mr. Price be. ing an ingenious man umJ somewhat fond nf.ii prop ileal Joke, resolved to hove satisfaction Tor the Impu dent invasion of his couMuil pocket.—ln pursuance of bis plan, ho went to a hard warasloro andpurobused u spring rat trap, with a good slurp double row ol teeth; —this Instrument being properly arranged for active service, was placed in the ctlppcious roar pocket of his brown ,then with much.art lessnoss of manner, Mr. P. took his position «l l|io Post Office windovv~~*nmung the crowd which is almost constantly assembled on that spot. Mr. Price (a an old sportsman and has a keen, relish fur nil sorts of hunting and trapping. Mu lnu| caught many a fox, mbit, squirrel, wcazoj, skunk, &0., in his time— but the gnmo now |ri prospect, hud something of novelty which tickled his fnmiy exceedingly, After ho bad waited, with that keen expectation wbiob spurtsincn only can appreciate, for ahuut ton ininntes, a snap was board, as a sailor might say,‘hinder his I quarter,"—and the exclamation" Ouch J” Inalonol expressive of surprise apd distress. immediately fob I lowed. . On Inrning. round; Mr. Pride observed a well dressed yohng gonlloihob, with line auburn whiskers, holding up hts hand,. on (wo lingers of which the rat (rap maintained an uneasy grip. 11 1 bcg yonr pardon, Sir," said Mr, rat trap, 1 believe.” At thnsamo time, ho disengaged (ho machine and replaced if in his pocket. As soon ns tbo spectators understood (lie Joke, a loud laugh was raised at Ihu expense of the gentlemanly opera, (or, whoso himblo lingers were rather badly lacerated and hied profusely. Mr. Price wan quite well satis- Hod with.the result, but a pulioo officer, who happen led to bo close by; arrested (bo knight of llio bloody hand, and produced bin) nftho customary hour of audience. Mr. Pried not appearing to prosecute, tho transgressor, with his offending digits still muffled up, was discharged. After Ibis affair, wo guess elderly gentlemen with remarkably big pockets,may visit the Post , Office and other public places with more security, especially if they, placard their coal tails with, “bewaro^fn »Uraps. u —Pin««yl„anlurt Don’t Believe It.—Ul.buW thru there ere poenio m the “ Mnnntriin DUlrlcl." of, Kenttrelry eu 'green Ihnt they follower) n rvogim wliloli Imnpmicii to pees hnl wny, twenty mile., ojuei to eco whether the j hind wheels would overtake Iho foro ones." AT$? 00 PES AJiSpM.,.; A Singular Letter* General Shieldflj Who hasjusi been elected tJuifed States Senator from Illinois in place.of Hon; Sidney i Brcese, has Written an extraordinary letter to the latter gentleman. Gen. S. was a law student'with Judge Brcese, it oppcors.aridlheir rivalry, during tho lato election, occasioned the bitterest enmity.— Here.is tho, letter, ae wo find, it in ' the Ntyv Vork. Tribune.. Perhaps it is a.forgefy: • C * , . .. .Washington, Feb. 22,1849. Hon. Sidney Bubcse: . • Sir.— On my return (o this country from Mexico —broken.;in constitution; feeble in health, aho still suffering under the effect.of wounds',’you wore this only man, in tho. City of Washington nvho ; received ino with coldness and lhe Cily honored me with a public dinner; .which was gfcncr ously intended not only as n compliment to,mc but to nty Stale; you were the only, man who declined to attend that dinner. You went farther; you propa. gifted a report hero in Washington,'and circulated it afterward in Illinois, that I wits'ihcligiblo to the office of Senator, and thisloo after I had poured out my blood like water on the bailie Helds of triy coon*, try, . You published an article, ip the St. Louis Ret publican charging mo with ineligibility-doing thal whiebTthought no mun in thcThiitcd States would have been mean. cnough.to do in my case, even if it had bferi true. Von, however, diil this, knowing' it to bo untrue. On this subject I have simply to soy; 'that.had I. boon defeated by you on thntground, I | had sworn in tny heart (hat you never should have profiled by your success,:nnd depend upon it, 1 would have kept that vow regardless of That, however, is-now passed, and the vow.is can* celled defeat; - Why,l address you noWjs ‘ simply this: In 1810 you gave nfc soiriethirig In the shape' of a final Certificate of Naturalization in Effingham Court* You know at the time that 1 was naturalized by law, ami by the naturalization : of; my father whilo-1 was a.minor. I told you the circumi slances, and, ns I then In Iked of going to Canada lt\ ; case‘bf,wnr, you offered to give mo n certificate which wonld’dirnplify the proofln case of difficulty’. ‘Now I w’ulfyou lo give mo a letter acknowledging these facts,.l.wxitc you a private letter,fur llml purpose, I would have soot a friend at once and imperatively demanded such a letter, but I felt thni in dlrgraeing you I should disgrace the State that had miide you myself Senators, and I also wished to glyo you oh opportunity to make this acknowledgement quiet/ ly.. If, however, you persist in your courseJof Injus tice tawar(Lme and refuse this request, I hero give you fair warning. Let the consequences full ori your own bead. s I shall hold myself acquitted, bothi before Godamfmkn, for tho course 1 shall feel bound to pursue toward you. ‘ , Your obedient servant, (Copy.)' . JAS. SHIELDS.’ , How to R&Ue Good , „ My object in writing at(his lime Is to give to.you my method of growing potatoes free .from rot. have practiced it two season* with entire success, 1 and have now 600 bushels of fincMerccr potatoes id. ■. > rhy'cellar, and all free from the disease. > M.y method is to plough the ground late in the fajj *. or early in the spring, harrow it smoothly before i planting time, then haul nut say 15 tons rotted man* 5 uro, spread it broad-cost, then take two horses and a, i plough, nnd back up two full furrows, tho furrows i just .meeting, in the .backing; leave n strip one,.foo| ; back-up two.moro—aqdifaiporilwqa. I split InesiTooublc' fb'rrovvfl dpbfffivligTo^Wrrow^.i \ • then commence dropping your potatoes,.(pieces oft r cut potatoes, containing nt least four eyes,) in’.lhd. ■ furrow s)jc Inches apart. After,the lot is dropped; ■ take your horses and plough nnd throw two'good furrows—(one round of tho team to a row,) .juei meeting on tho lop; dress off the lop, clearing tho row of stones, clods, &c.; then sow broud*cas( five 1 bushels common.'salt over the ground* Immediately, /after planting; cultivate.well till ibo plants ore lu blossom and you w.ill.huvc a gned crop; nevur oulti* vale pololocß-wben in blossom'. , When.tho crop is ready to gather,dear the ground; take your two horses and plough,turn.a furrow from [ cool) side of the row; let. a buy pick up the scattering ! polaloos, then turn out the row, pick up tho potatoes; ! then hop.down.tho ridge—lastly; harrpw over the 1 ground, pick up the remaining potatoes, .and ,lho . 1 work is finished. The agriculturalist must at once observe that by this' process, ho gets a broad loose' 1 bed. potatoes to grow In, also double depth, of soil; then you aro certain of good dfy .polm ■ toes. I would hero observe that polutou grouiid is ; tho very best for producing a good crop of and I would advise farmers to grow a gtaatcr sufplup of this moil valuable root. ; If (hero Is no market, store (hem, and feed them.to your horses, oalllo hogs; feed.(hem in your stable through winter;give your stock good bedding; clean out your stables oncq a week ; make as- largo a manure heap os possible nnd you will not bo troubled with tho potntoedisease,' nor (hat- worse malady, arising' from always taking out of the monl tuh and never returning any; you wilt thus.cumo to (ho bottom. . Respectfully,« ; T. A. DENORMANDIfc.. : Columbia co., Ohio. ' (OAio Cultivator* Cutting it Shout. —A certain barber, who wai posacssed.oC great powers of 'gab* used loumuso|;ls customers with hiojong .yarns while ho manipulated thoirlmudp and.faces. One day on old codger came in, took,his. seal,and, orders a shave and hair The, barber went to work and began, at the same llmo Quo of his long stories, totho.nu little dlssMis* faction of the old gentleman, who, becoming irrita ted nl the barber, fold— , “Cut it short. 1 * “Vos sir," said tho barber, continuing the yarn* until tho old gunthmmjv again sung out—“ Out It short,! say, cut it sho{t t” , ' V Yea sir,’’—clipping away, and gabbling tho fosi ter. ‘ - .. “Cut it short, cut it short, Isay,” says tho otd gent. ‘ .. ■ . • .. “Yes air,'’ says tho barber,going on with bis elory. ; “ Will you cut it short, blast you!” buvyfs the old gent, in a rage. ,■ “Can’t sir,” said (ho harbor. '.‘.for If you look id, •the glass,you'll see that I’ve cut itdU'oJf /” And to his horror,’upon looking, in .the class, lh« old gentleman found his hair nil out froin hislicad! i * Information of tiik Draw,*—' so.old-J)r> Quill 14 , dead,* said Mrs. Partington, Jis ; «ha pul au extra i piece of baiter (n her bread, * they do say that bo died , |of infunualjon or the brufn | but they musn’Ury lb fnahb mo bolicFoslch a story as (hall Information 6n the brain, truly! why ho was the-.bigges\ fool I know on 5 I can’t help laughing athis presumptuous Ignorance. Why didn’t he at one ot.hlslecturef one ooldnight Inst winter, try to make me believe, with a ’spoclublo ordinance, that the sun was then nearer (ho earth than It would bo In the hbtlbst dtvys in tho summer 7 and didn’t he try to suppress on my mind, when ho called on mo.tlml Umo is money 7 Qli,tho dull! Why, there’s cousin Slow—-ho has his sfhols time—ho was hover known to do anything but loaf —and the world knows how poor ho ts. Oh’yoa can’t rnnko mo bclicva sich stufT, I rwonder what will carry me oft|f As died of Information P and ihd lose from tho tablo flushed with oxoitoiitonti 03* A cockney conducted twoiadics.to tho obier vo|ory lo see an eolipso of llio moon r They lyorb too late; tho eclipso was over, dnd tho .ladles. were* I disappointed. “Oh!” exclaimed our. hero, “don’t frot. 1 know tho astronomer very wol| j Ire isli.polllo Irian; and I am sure ho will .begin again,” , 03”, An Irishman oamb to his patron to oomplsl/t of tho usage he had iqcl will) from a gonilcman to whom ho hud applied employ mont.’ t‘flo (old' mo,” said Paddy, “to goto the devil,nmi sb I comp strait to your honor.” Cadixs—The editor of,the,Milwuwklo 1 Sentinel duos hot boast of (ho slip ofWlsobnsln * babfesj* but says they aroan uncommon sure prop; r K 01391..
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers