TERMS OF PUBLICATION.
g 2 00 per ahnu.nvin.advance— or ,
g 2 SO, if not paid within the year.. . -
No subscription taken for a less term than six
months, and no discontinuance permitted until
ail .arrearages are paid. A failure to notity a
discontinuance at the expiration of aterm, will
’ be considered a new engagement.
Mvertisements~~sV 00 per square for the
first.three insertions, and twenty five cents for
,eyery subsequent one.
LEMUEL TODD,
—ATTORNEY at law. ..
OFFIC E No. 10, Harper’s Row, in the room
formerly occupied by Isaac Todd, Esq.
Carlisle, August 2G, 1841. ,
SAMUEL R. HAMILL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
'Will practice in the several courts of Cumber
land county. Office in Main street, the office now
■ocoupied by Jatfies H. Devor, Esq.
Carlisle, September 30,1841. .
CABINET MAKING-.
WM. G> GIBSON, ;
informs the public that he
, vS Rjis supplied with a HJ2ARSE, and ready to per
form every duty of an Undertaker. Ho is prepared at
*ttll times to make Coffins and attend 1* uncrals-
CABINET MAKING^
in all its brunches carried on, as usual, at his old
stand in'North ‘Handler street, next door to Abel'
•Keeney’s Copper and Tinware shop. Every thing in
ihc, line of his business will bo done on the most ac
comodating terms, '[Carlisle, Oct. 28, 1841.—tf.
PROPOSALS
For publishing inthe ftp rough of Carlisle,
,- a weekly paper, to devoted exclusive- ■
• „ . -C ■Jy .
CAUSE OF TEMPERANCE.
rr<HE-sub‘sotibpr proposes to oomtnbnce the pub-
JL liciUion of a 'Vernp&rance-Paper, on’ the Ist of'
January next,’provided a number of subscribers
sufficient to warrant the-undertaking can be ob
tained. The size of the. paper will be half an im
periahshcet, and the price One Dollar a year,- pay
able invariably in advance, on tho -receipt of the
first number. It is believed that this project can I
bo successfully carried through, it the frjends.of 1
Temperance take hold of it in earnest, and tSse
their influence in procuring patronage.
The principles supported by this paper, will be
those of Total Mstinencc; and in our undertaking
wo have the assurance of the countenance and sup
port of'tho friends of Temperance in this borough.
That the interests of the cause would be essen
tially promoted by-the establishment of an organ
devoted entirely to the subject, through which facts
and arguments could-be disseminated among the
people, calculated to attract their attention and en
list their feelings and sympathies,* no one will
doubt—and as the price is low, apd the object to.
be attained is of no local character, but of tho
greatest general importance, it-is to bo hoped that
every man favorable to temperance and virtue,'
without regard to particular locality, will exert his
influence to procure subscribers.
It will be necessary that those who may act as
ao-ehts. in obtaining subscriptions, should send
tlTem in as early as the middle of December, inas
much as the commencement of the publication
will depend on the number returned.
G. W. CRABB.
Carlisle, Pa. flov, 4, 1841.
The Executive Committee of the Cumberland
County Temperance Society, in session Oct. 29,
ISU, passed the following resolution:—
Resolved, That we hail, as an omen of great
good to the Temperance cause, the proposition of
our fellow townsman, G. W. Crabb, to publish a
weekly Temperance paper, from and after the first
day of January next, provided sufficient patronage
can be secured; that we have the utmost confidence
in his attachment to the Temperance cause, as
well as in his ability as an Editor; that we pledge
ourselves to support the enlerpiize, and strongly
urge its patronage on all our Temperance friends,
and especially those who have a residence in
Cumberland County.
In behalf of the Committee*
M. Caldwell, Chair’n.
Estate of Margaret* Long, .deehl.
LETTERS of Administration on the estate of
Mnfgaret Long, dec*d., late of Allen township,
Cumberland county, have been issued to the sub
scriber residing in the same township: All per
sons indebted to said estate will make payment
-immediately ,-and-lhoseiia.ving_daLm9_w.iU. present
them for settlement to
~ JOHN EICIIELBERGER, Adm’r.
November 11,* 1841. , Ot*
Trustees'* JVtiti.ee*
WHEREAS Gcoige Logue, by his last will and
testament, dated the 7th March, 1811, did de
vise to three .trustcesi to.ho appointed by the will of his
widow Jane Logue, to be sold upon the death of his
said wife, and the proceeds thereof, after the payment
of certain specific legacies, “to-be divided-among his
brothers and sisters* children as tenants in common
share and share alike,** and the said Jane Logue? by her
will datcd‘the 31st of August, 1822, appoin/ed John
Proctor, Wiiliang Irvine and Andrew Blair, who sold
( the said real estate and settled theiraccount.of.thc trust
’ which was conTirmcd~l»y~tlicTCourt of Common Fleas
of Cumberland county on the 9lh August, 1841*.and
the said Courtdid decree that the balance in theirhands
should bo distributed according to, tho will of the said
George Logue, deceased.
Now 20th Nov. 1841, on motion of Fred*k. Watts,
Esq. the Court do hereby order and decree that tho
said Trustees*.do give public notice in the Carlisle
Herald and American Volunteer until the Ist January
next, to all persons interested in the distriburiorf of tho
eaid fund, that they appear on the secorid Monday of
January next, at a Court of Common Pleas to be held
it Carlisle, and make their claims to their portion of
the said .fund, and'shew cause why "the said Court
should not then make a.distributipn thereof according
tolhe will of tho said Gcbrge-Logue; dec'd. - .
B Y THE COURT,
• November 25,1841. *&!'■ - 6t
MILITARY NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims on’the Common
wealth, tbrbuglfiny hands as Brigade Inspector,
are hereby notified and requested to make known
the same to the undersigned, by letter or otherwise,
on or before the 31st of December next,*in order
«that the same may be properly adjusted for pay
rnenft'Oihorwise’payment may not be had for an
.other year. , W. FOULK,
Brig.lnsp. Ist Brig.'llth Div. P. M.
Brig. jnsp. Office, Carlisle, Nov. 25, 1841. -
Estate of Robert Shannon, dee’d.
■ ETTERSof Administration on the estate of
I j Robert Shannon, ;Iale; of South Middleton
. -township’, Cumberland-.coqpty, dcc’d., have" been
the subscriber resifiing.in said township:
All persona indebted 'to said estate .ate requested
ta mabe payment immediately, and those having
qlaims-to presentlHemproperly authenticated for
“v* 1 ®*o"*' 0 "*' . * DAVID COOKt Adm!r.
American t)oluntccr.
BY GEO, SANDERSON.] 1 '
Whole No. 1429.
PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS the Hon. Samuel Hepdubn, Pre
sident Judge.of the Court of Common Pleas in the
counties of. Cumberland, Juniata, and Perry, and
tho'Hon. John Stuart and John Lefevre, Judges of
the said Court of Common Pleas of the county ot
Cumberland,:have issued, their precept-bearing
date tho 19lh of November 1841, and to me direct
ed, for holding a Court of Oyer and Terminer, and
General Jail Delivery, and General Quarter Ses
sions of the Peace, at Carlisle on the second Mon
day of January; 1842, (being tho 10th day,) at 10
o’clock in the forenoon.
NO TICE IS HEREB Y in VEN
to the Cbroner, Justices of the Peace, and Consta
bles of the. said county of Cumberland, that they
be then and there in their proper
Records, Inquisitions, Examinations, and oilier
Remembrances, to (fo those things which to their
offices respectively appertain. And those who are
bound by recognizances- to prosecute against the
prisoners that are, or then may bo, in the. Jail of
Cumberland county, to be then and there to prose
cute against them as shall bo just.
Dated at Carlisle, the 2d day of December 1841,
and the 60th year of American Independence.
, PAUL MARTIN, Sheriff.
TANNERY FOR RENT.
-t-U'-X. The subscriber offers .for rent the
Tanning establishment recently tho
r-TCr r it Hffi-Propetlv of David S. Forney, deceas
gglllggggged'—Situated on the corner of East
and Louther streets, in the borough of Carlisle.
It is the most complete property of tho kind in
the place of its location—having a large TWO
STORY STONE DWELLING HOUSE, a fine
Garden and all other necessary buildings to carry
on the Tanning business. Possession given-on
the Ist of AprU,-1812.. Totms mado known on
application to ..VUTURF. KGU. .
..■ .. '- -- b Opposite lire Carlisle Bank.
November IC} 1811.—-ot. . , -
. " Estple of George Coffey, dee'd. .-
LETTERS of Administration on the estate of
Gborge Coffey, late of Southampton township,
Cumberland county, dec’d., have been issued to
the subscriber residing in said township: All per
sons indebted to said estate are requested to make
I immediate payjnent, and those having claims to
I present them properly authenticated Resettlement.
1 JAMBS’eOFFEY, Adm’fr
- November 95, 184-1. ■ ---
NEW ESTABLISHMENT.
If'h tiles ale f Retail Confectionary ff Fruit
Store, Main Street, a few dpors west of
Bectem’s Hotel, and next door to T.
H. Skiles ’ Merchant Tailor Store,
Carlisle, Fa,
GILLELAND & MONVEft,
BTB EG leave to acquaint the public that they
HBhave commenced the above business in all its
various branches. The Candies ate manufactured
by themselves and warranted to be of the best
quality—they would therefore solicit a share of
public patronage. Their assortment consists of
the following articles, viz:
Mint Sticks, Hoarhound Candy,
Mint Cakes,' Flaxseed Candy,
Mint Lumps, Secrets,
Mint Drops, Cinnamon Slides,
Lemon Sticks, /Clove Sticks,
IFinlefGreen Sticks, Rock Candy,
Cream. Candy, Jelly Cakes,
Rose Almonds, Jujube Paste,
Sugar Sleples. Sassafras Candy,
Sour Drops, • Vcnclla Candy,
French Secrets, Carrowdtj Comfits,
Mint Lozenges, Sugar Toys.
Turnon Imzenges,
Also, FRUITS AND NUTS, such as Raisins,
Prunes, Figs, Lemons, Oranges, Currants, Al
monds, Bordeaux Almonds,-Ground Nuts, Cream
isluls, Cocoa Nuts, Filberts, English Walnuts,
Liquorice'Ball, &c. Ac.
and others are invited to call and ex
amine for themselves before purchasing elsewhere.
All orders thankfully received and punctually at
tended to.
Carlisle, November 25, 1841.
J 4. B. fiAKING done at tho shortest notice.
THBGLOBE.
MESSRS. Blair and Rives propose issuing a
Congressional Globe during the approach
ing Session of Congress, containing a ful| Report
of tho Proceedings, with
an Appendix containing the Speeches at length,
together with lhe,PresuJent’s annual Message and
principal Documents. Both will be indexed,;
The following are extracts from their prospectus:
“We have on’ hand 3,000 qr 4,000 surplus co
pies of the Congressional Globe and Appendix for
the extra session, which make together near one
thousand-royal quarterages. They give Hie full
est; history, of Congress that has ever been pub
lished. We now sell'them for $1 each; that is,
$1 for the Congressional Globe, and $1 for the
Appendix; We propose to-let subscribersjbr. the
Congressional Glp.be and -Appendix for the next
session,-havoThem for 60 cents each. They will,
be necessary.to, understand fullylhe proceedings
of the next session, . . »
For tho Congressional Globe and Appendix foi
the last Extra Session, $l. '
For the Congressional 'Globe for the next ses
sion, slper copy./
For4he Appendix for Hie next session, $1 per
copy. ! '
Six copies of either of the above works will be
sent for $6; twelve copies for $lO, and so on in
.pronortion for a greater number. . ■ .
' Payments may be transmitted by mail, postage
paid, aiour risk. By a rule of the Post Dffice
postmasters are , permitted to frank
letters containing money for subscriptions.
The noteis bfany bank, current where a subscri
ber resides, will be received by us at par.
“ HARRISBURG AURORA.”
fA GERMAN PAPER. J
Proceedings of the Legislature. •-
THE “Aurora” has labored -upwards of 43
years unceasingly in tee great cause, of the
people by disseminating the seeds,''of; true Demo
cracy, and it ip well known teat its principles are
still the same. ■ ' , , *
/ Durjpg the next Session of the Legislature of
this State, w_g propose to publish, in, the German
language in the “Aurora, Mho most interesting
proceedings of the Legislature, in a clear and plain
and request our. German friends and
others, in tee different bounties of the State,' to
further bur project by their sigbatures, in order
teat we may receiveeome reward for our labors. .
■ \Subscriptionacan bo forwarded by the postmas
tet%‘ A'..'-V-;
„ Eor one year, ~, , ■ ■' , ,■. 1 dollar.
Single copy during session, ' , GO cents.
■; BAAB & HUMMEL.
* Ilattisbbfg,Oct.BB,lB4l.
Carlisle , Pa. Thursday December 16, 1841.
■BUS'S S A S B
FROM
THE PRESIDENT of tlic E. STATES,
' TO '
THE TWO HOUSES OF CONGRESS.
AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE SECOND
SESSION OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH
Congress,—Washington;
December 7, 1841;
To the Senate and House of Representatives,.
of the United States:
In coming -together,, fellow-citizens, to
enter again upon the discharge of the duties
with which the people have charged us, sev
erally, we find great occasion to rejoice in
the general prosperity of the country. We
are in the enjoyment of all the blessings of
i civil and religious liberty, with unexampled
means of education, knowledge and .improve
ment. Through the year which is now
"drawing to a close, peace has been in our
borders, and plenty in our habitations; and
although disease'has visited some few por
tions of the land with distress and mortality,
yet, in general, the .health of the ppople has
been prcaetved,-aml .we are-called upon r by
the highest obligations of duty, to renewtour
thanks and our devotion to our Heavenly
Parent, who has continued to vouchsafe to
us the eminent blessings which Surround us,
and who has so,signally crowned the year
with, his goodness. If we find ourseWes in
creasing beyond example, in numbers, in
strength, in wealth, in knowledge, ini. eve'ry T
thing wbich.prjomotes bumaiVfltfd Social ha'p-
us everfemcmlier p'uf dependence,
USv £U' tqeae-en inercituf
dispensations of Divine Providence. ,■
Since, your last.adjournment, Alexander
McLeod, a British subject, who was indicted
forjthc mitrder of an American citizeri>.and
whose case, haVbeeij the subject of a fcorres,-/
pondence heretofore communicated to -you;
has been acquitted by the verdict of an im
partial and intelligent jury, and has, under
dit&ilKllPfiPfifc-ftf-ife®. court,. befci»_
discharged.
Great Britain having niadc known to this
Government that the expedition which was
fitted out from Canada for the destruction
of the steamboat Caroline, in the winter of
1837", and which resulted in the destruction
of said boat, and in the death of an Ameri
can citizen, was undertaken by orders em
anating from the authorities of the British
Government in Canada, and'demanding the
discharge of,McLeod upon the ground that,
if engaged in that expedition, he did but
fulfil the orders of his Government, has thus
been answered in tlje only way in which she
could be answered by a Government, ,the
powers of which are distributed among its
several departments by the fundamental
law. ...Happily for the people of Great Brit-
well as those of the United States,
the only mode by which an individual ar-i
raigned for a criminal offence before the
courts of either can obtain his discharge, is
by the independent action of the judiciary,
and by proceedings* equally familiar to the
courts of both countries. 1 ,
If in Great Britain a power exists in the
Crown to cause to be entered a nolle prose
qui, which is not the case with the Execu
tive power, in the United States upon a pros
ecution pending in a State court; yeinhere,
no more than here, can the chief Executive
power rescue a prisoner from custody, with
out an order of tlie proper tribunal directing
his discharge. The precise stage of the pro
ceedings at which such order may be made
is a. matter of municipal regulation exclu
sively; and not to be complained of by any
Olher_ Government. In cases of this kind,
a Government becomes politically responsi
ble. oidy when j tsjri bun id s of las t resort are
shpwnto. have rendered unjust arid injuri
ous judgments in matters nut doubtful.. To
the- establishment and elucidation of this
principle, no nation has lent its.authority
more efficiently than Great Britain. Alex
ander McLeod having his option either _to
prosecute a writ of-error-from tlie decision
of the Supreme feourt of New York, which
had been rendered, upon his application for
a discharge to the Supreme Court of the U.
States, or to submit his case to the decision
of a jury, preferred the latter, deeming, it
the readiest obtaining his liberation;
and the result has fully sustained- the'wis
dom, of that choice. The manner in which
the issue submitted was tried, will satisfy
the English Government that the principles
of justice will never-fail to govern the en
lightened, decision of an American tribunal.
1 cannot fail, however, to suggest to Con
gress the propriety, and, in some degree, the
necessity, of making such provisions by law,
so far as they may constitutionally do so,
for the removal at their commencement, and
at the option of the party, of. all such cases
as may hereafter, arise, and which may in
volve the faithful and execution
ofour international obligations, from the
State to the Federal Judiciary. This Gov
ernment,.by our institutions, is charged with
the maintenance of peace and the. preserva
tion of amicable relations with, the nations
of the earth, and ought to possess, without
question, all the reasonable and proper means
of maintaining' the one and preserving the
Other. Whilst just confidence is felt in the
Judiciary .of,the States, yet this Government
ought to be competent in itself for.the. fulfil
ment of the high du ties which have been de
volved upon it, under the organic law; by
the States themselves.
In the month of September, a party of
armed men from Upper Canada invaded the
territory of the United States, and, forc|bly.
seized upon the person of one Grogan, and,
under circumstances of greathairshness, hur
riedly carried fiimvbeyond the limits of the
United States, delivered him dp to the
authorities of Upper Canada. His immedi
ate discharge was ordered by those authori
ties. .up6o#tbc facts of the case.ttping brought
tip their knowledge;—a
to have been' expected from a
COUNTRY**—RIGHT OR WRONG.”
nation with whom we are at peace, anti
which was hot more due' to the rights of the
United States, than to its own regard for
justice. The correspondence which passed
between the Department of State and the
British envoy, Mr. Fox, and with the Gov
ernor of Vermont, as soon as the facts had
been made known to this department, are
herewith communicated. -
I regret that it is not in my power to make
known to you an equally satisfactory con
clusion in the case of the Caroline steamer,
with the circumstances connected with the
destruction of which in December, 1837 V by
an armed force fitted out in the Province of
Upper Canada, you are already made ac
quainted. No such atonement as was due
for the public wrong done to the United
States by this invasion of her territory, so
wholly irrcconcilable.with her rights as an
independent power, has.yet been made.—
In the view taken by this '.Government, the
inquiry whether the vessel was in the em
ployment of those who were prosecuting an
unauthorized war against-that Province, or
was engaged by the owner in'the business
Of transporting passengers to and from-Navy
Island id hopes of private gain, (which was
"most probably the case,) in Wo degree alters
the reaU questioirfft issue "between the two
Governments. This Government can never
concede to any foreign Government the
power, except in a case of the mdht urgent
and extreme necessity, of invading its terri
tory, cither to arrest the persons "or to de
stroy the property of those who’may have
violated, the municipal laws of such foreign
.G.over.nmciif> or bave diavegarded thjfw oWy
gatiorjs arising: under- the law of nations.—
Tlje tefflfofy of .the United’States must Pc
-regarded is sacredly, secure against id laud;
until they Shall .voluntarily, ac
knowledge' thtir inability to acquit, them
selves oHlfeir duty Jto others, " And in an
nouncing this sentiment, I do. but affirm a
principle which no nation on earth would be
"more ready to vindicate, at all hazards, than
the people and Government of Great Britain.
If, upon a full investigation of all the
.facts3' sliiill appcaf"(liat~tlre _ ownei‘ 'Of tlie
Caroline was- governed'hy a hostile intent,
or had made common caused with, those who
were in the occupancy of Navy Island, then,
so fay’as he is concerned, there can be no
claim to indemnity for the destruction of his
-boat, which this Governmentwould feel ifs
self bound to prosecute; since he would have
Acted not only in derogation of the rights of
Great Britain, but in clear violation of the
laws of the United States. -But that is a
question which, however settled, in no,man
ner involves the higher consideration of the
violation of territorial sovereignty and juris
diction. To recognise it as an admissible
practice, that each Government, in its turn,
upon any sudden and unauthorized outbreak
on a frontier, the extent of which renders it
impossible for either to have an efficient
force on evei*y mile of it, and which out
break, therefore, neither may be able to sup
press in a day, may take vengeance into its
own hands, and, without even a remoor
strance, and in the absence of any pressing
or overruling-necessity, may invade the ter
ritory of the other, would.inevitably lead to
results .equally fo be deplored by both.—-
W,hen border collisions come to receive the
sanction, or,to be made on the authority; of
either Government, general war must be the
inevitable result. ~ While it is the ardent
desire of- the United-States to cultivate the
relations of peace with all nations, and to
fulfil all the duties of good-neighborhood-to l
wards those who possess territories adjoining
their own, that very desire wbuld lead them
to deny the right of any foreign'powcr to in
vade their boundary with an armed force.—
The correspondence between the two
ernments on, this subject will, at a future
day of.your session, be submitted to your
'consideration; and in the mean time T,,can
not but iriilulge the hope that the British
Government Will see the propriety of re
nouncing, as a rule of future action, the pre
cedent which lias been set in the aflhir at
Schlosser.
—I -herewith - submit the correspondence
which has recently taken place between the
American Minister at the court of St. James,
Mr. Stevenson, and the Minister of Foreign
Affairs of that, Groyernment on the, right
claimed by that Government to visit and
detain vessels sailing under the American
flag and engaged in prosecuting lawful com
merce in the African seas. Uur commer
cial interests in that region have experienced
considerable increase, and have become an
object of much importance, and it is the duty
of this Government to protect-them against
all improper and vexatious interruption.—
However.desirous the United States may be
for the suppression of the slave trade, they
cannot consent to interpolations into the
maritime code, at the mere will and pleas
ure of. other governments. We deny the
right of any such interpolation': to any one,
or all the nations of the earth, without Our
consent. We claim to have a voice in. all
amendments or alterations of that code—
and when wc are given to Understand,'as in
this instance, by a foreign government, that
its treaties with other nations cannot be exe
cuted without the establishment and enforce
ment of new principles of maritime police,
to be applied without bur consent, we must
employ a language neither of .'equivocal im
port; or., susceptible of mis-construction.—■
American' citizens’ /.prosecuting a lawful,
commerce in-the African seas, under-the
.flag’of their country, are not responsible for
the. abuse or unlawful : use of that flag by
others; nor can they rightfully op account of
any tpich alleged abuscs. be interrupted,
molested or. detained while on. the ocean;
and if thus molested or detainedi'whi|e pur
suing honest voyages in the usual way, and
violating n'u law themselves, they are un
questionably entitled to -indemnity* ; J,
This governmentias, manifested its tepugnanM Ip
the slave trade, in a manner whichoannot gbo misun
derstood. By its fundamental Mw, it prescribed limits
in poin; of time to it* cbntinnancc; 1 and against -its
own ciurenSjWho mightso far forget dm rights of hu
manity u t> engage in that wicked traffic, it bos long:
[AT TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
New Series—Vol. 6. Ho. 27.
since, by its municipal laws, denounced the most con*
digit punishment. Many of the states composing this
Union, had made appeals to the civilized world, for.its.
suppressisri,~long before the moral, sense of other na
tions had become shocked- by the iniquities of the
traffic. 'Whether this Government should enter into
treaties containing mutual stipulations upon this sub
ject, is a question for its mature deliberation.
Certain it is, that if the right to detain American
ships on thp high seas can bo justified on tho plea of
necessity for such dotontion,"-arising put pf thp exis
tenep of .treaties between other nations, tho same plea
may bo extended and enlarged by the new stipulations
of new treaties, to which tho United States may not
bo a party. , This Government will not ceaso to urge
upon that.of Groat Britain, full and ample remunera
tion for oil losses, whether arising from detention or
otherwise, to which American citizens have heretofore
been, or may hercaileribo subjected, by tho exercise of
rights, which this Government cannot recognise as le
gitimate' and proper. Nor will 1 indulge a doubt but
that tho eenso of justico.of Great Britain will con
strain her to make a retribution- for any wrong, or loss,
which any American citizen, engaged in tho prosecu
tion of lawful commerce, may have experienced at tho
hand of her cruisers, or other public authorities, This
government at the some time, will relax .no effort to
prevent her citizens, if there bo any so disposed, from
prosecuting a traffic so.revolting to the feelings’of hu
manity,' to do no more than to protect tho
fair and honest trader,-from molestation ni)d injury;
but while thp enterprising mariner,-engaged in the
pursuit of an honorable trade, is entitled to its protec
tion, it will visit with condign punishment, others of
an opposite characters ,
I invito your attention to existing laws for the sup
pression of tho African slave trade, and recommend
oil such alterations, as may "give to. them greater force
ond efficacy. That tho American flag-is grossly'a
bffsed by the abandoned and profligate pf other nations,
is but too probable. Congress - has, riot long since,
had this subject under consideration, and its impor
'tancc demands renewed and anxious attention.
I also communicate herewith the copy of n corres
pondence between Mr. venspp and.
atari' upon "tho subject so interesting toscvcral of the
Stated of the riCo' duties, which resulted
honoAbly to thojustice ofGrcat advan
tageously to tho united Stales. *, i
; At the opening of the lost annual session, the Pres
ident informed .Congress of tho. progress which had
been mode in, negotiating a convcntion*bctwccn ;thia
Government and tiiat of Efigland, with a the.
final settlement of the question of tho boundary be
tween tho territorial limits of tho two countries. I
regnft to say, that littlo advancement of tho objccHias
been accomplished since last year; but this is o.wing to
circumstances no way indicative of any abatement of
the dcsire of both parties to hasten the negotiation to
its conclusion, and to settle ihc question in dispute as
early as possible. . In tho course of the ‘session, it is
my hope to be able to announce some further degree
of progress towards the accomplishment of this high
ly desirable end: ’
The commission appointed by this Government for
tho exploration and survey of the lino of boundary
■separating .the States, of Maine and New Hampshire
from the conterminous British Province is, it is be
lieved, about to close its field labors, and is expected
soon to report the results of its examinations to tho
Department of State. The report, when received, will
bo laid before Congress.
The failure on the part of v ’Spain to pay, with punc
tuality, the interest duo under the Convention of 1834,
for the settlement of claims'between the two countries,
has made it the duty of the Executive fo call tho par
ticular attention of that Government to tho subject.—-
A disposition has been manifested by it, which is be
lieved to bo entirely sincere, to fulfil its obligations, in
this respect, so soon as its internal condition and the
state of its finances will 'permit. An arrangement is
in progress, from tho result of which, it is trusted that
those of our citizens who have claims upder the Con
vention, will, at no distant day, receive the stipulated
payments.
A treaty of Commerce and Navigation
with Belgium was concluded'and signed at
Washington on the 29th of March,' 1840,
and was duly sanctioned by the Senate of
the U. States. The Treaty was ratified by
His Belgian Majesty,' but did not receive
the approbation of the Belgian Chambers
within the time limited by its terms, and has,
therefore, become void.
This occurrence assumes the graver as
pect, from the consideration that, in. 1833
a Treaty^negotiated between the two Gov
ernments, and ratified on the part of the U.
States,’ failed to be' ratified on the part of
Belgium. The Representative of that Gov
-eminent, at Washington, informs the De
partment of State that he has'been instruc
ted to give explanations of the causes wliich
occasioned delay-iri7the approval of the late
Treaty I»y the Legislature, and to express
the regret of.the Ring at the occurrence.
The joint commission under, the-Conven
tion with Texas, to ascertain the true boun
dary between the two countries, has conclu
ded its labors,' but the final report of the
Commissioner of the United States has not
been received. It is understood; however,
that the meridian line;'as traced by the com.--
mission, liessoraewhat further East than the
position hitherto generally assigned to it, &
consequently, includes in Texas some‘part
of the territory which had been considered
as belonging to the States of Louisiana and
Arkansas.
The United States cannot but take adeep
interest in whatever relates to. this young,
but growing Republic.- Settled' principally
by emigrants from the.U. States, we have
the happiness to know, that the great princi
ples of civil liberty are_ there destined to
flourish, under wise institutions and whole
some laws; arid that, through its example,
another eviderice is to be afforded of the ca
pacity of popular institutions, to advance the
prosperity, happiness and permanent glory
of the" human race.' The great , truth, that
government was riiade'fpr the'people, -and
not the people for government/ has already
been established in the practice and by, the
example of these United Slates; and we can
do no other than contetoplate ifsTurther ex
emplification by a sister Republio;\with the
deepest.interest., ~
Our relations with the indepVnderitSfatcs
of this hemisphere, formerly under'thedu
minion of Spain, have riot undergone any
material change within the past year. The
incessant sanguinary conflicts in, or between
those countries, are to be greatly deplored,
as necessarily tending to disable them frorii
performing their duties as members of the
community of nations, arid rising to the des
tiny which the position and natural resour
ces of many of them might lead them justly
to anticipate, as constantly giving occasion,
also;'directly or indirectly,, for complaints
on the part pf our citizena who resort tliilli
er for purposes of commercial intercourse,
and as retarding reparation fim-wrpfigs al
ready comriiitteu, ■ some of wliicli are- by no
means of iriccritdatc.,- r ,
' AGENTS.
John Moans, Esq. Newville
Joseph M. Mkans, Esq. Hopewell township.
Thomas H* Britton, Shipponsburg-.
William M. Matekh, Etq. Lee’s Hoads.
John Mehaffy, Dickinson township.
Johw Clendknin, Jr. Esq.,
George 17.I 7 . Cain, E4q. MechnmcsbUrg
Frederick Wondkri.ich, .do.
Jons Stoucii, Esq. Stoughstown. •
Daniel Kuysiier, Esij. Churchtown,
Jacob LoN,GNRCKKR'i Esq. Wbrndeysbnrg.
J. B. Duawbaugh, Cedar Spring. Allen tp., ■
Martiw G Hupp, Esq. Shircmanstown. ,
The failure of the Congress of Ecuador (o
hold a session, appointed for'that
purposc, i n January lnst, wi 11 probably ren -
der abortive a treaty of commerce with that
Republic, which was signed at Quito on the
TSth of June, 1839, and had been duly rat
ified on 'our part, * but which required'the
approbation of that body, prior to its ratifi
cation by the Ecuadorian Executive.
A Convention whichjia# been concluded
with the Republic of Peru, provided for the
settlement of certain claims of citizens of
the United States, upon the Govornraent.of
that Republic,'will be duly.submitted to the
Senate..
The claims of our Citizens against the
Brazilian Government from cap’-
tures, and other causes, are stil|~unsatisfied.
The United States have however, .so uni
formly shown a disposition to cultivate re
lations of amity with that Empire,, that it
hoped, the unequivocal tokens of the same
spirit towards us, which an, adjustment of
the affairs referred to would afford, will bo
'given without further avoidable delay.
Tho_war \nthJhoJ[ndum/tribes, on the Peninsula of
Florida, has, during tho. last sunimcr and fall, been
prosecuted with untiring'activity and zeal. A sum
mer campaign was rcsolvdd upon as the best mode of
bringing itto n doscr’Our'bravd - officers- and men
who have been engaged in that service have suffered
toils and and exhibited on energy which,
in any other war, would have won fpr them unfading
laurels. In despite of the sickness incident to tho cli
mate, they have penetrated the fastnesses of the Indi
ans, broken up their encampments, and harrassed them
unceasingly. Numbers have been captured, and still
greater numbers have surrendered, and have been
transported to join their brethorn on tho lands_ else-
where Shotted to them' by the .Government, and'a
Vtr&ng -hope is bntcrtmnVd/tbatiV>ndcr..ihp A/ •,
tho gallant offi&era at .the head of thctrdQps m
thdt
speedy lcrmination* With/all tljo olherfndtanlrib'cs •
we 4 arc enjoying tho .blessings of peace. Our dutyi- „
as well as our bfiit interests* -prompt us to observe,
in oil our .intercourse With them, fidelity in fulfilling
our engagements, the practice of strict justice, as well
as the constant exGreiso of acts of benevolence and
kindness. These ore the great instruments of civil!-*
fcutiort; and through tlio use of them alone can the un-' J
tutored cliiid of tlie forest be induced to listen to its
teachings.
The Secretary of State, on whom tho acts of Con- .
gross have devolved tho duty of directing tho proceed
ings. for the Sixth Census, or enumeration of tho in
habitants of/ tlie U. States', will report-to tho two
Houses the progress of, that work.' ‘ The enumeration
of persons has been completed, and exhibits a grand
total of 17,069,453 —rooking an increase over the
Census of 1630, pfr;4,202,646 inhabitants, and show
ing a gain in a ratios exceeding 32£ per cent, for tho 1
last tert years.
From tho report of tho Secretary of t|io Treasury,
you will be informed of the condition of- the finances.
Tho balance in tho Treasuiy on the first of’January
last, as stated in tho report of the Secretary of tho
Treasury, submitted to Congress at tho Extra Session,
was $087,345 03. The receipts into tho Treasury •
during tlie first three quarters of this year, from nil
sources; amount to $23,407,072 52. The - estimated
receipts. for tho fourth quarter, amount to $0,943,095
.25, amounting to $30,410,167 77„; and making, with
tho balance in the Treasury on the Ist of January,
last, $31,397,512 80. The expenditures for the first
three quarters of this year amount t 0,524,734,340 97.
Tho expenditures for the fourth quartet, as estimated,
will amount to $7,290,723 73 making a deficit to
be provided for, on tho Ist of January next, of about,
$627,657 90. . -1-
Of the loan of $12,000,000, which was au
thorized by Congress at its late session, on
ly $5,432,726 00 have been negotiated.—■
The shortness of time which it had to run,
Ijas presented no inconsiderable impediment
in the way of its bdng taken by capitalists
at home,“while the same cause would have
operated with much; greater-force - in. the fo
reign market. For that reason the foreign
market has not been resorted to; and it is
now submitted, whether it would not be ad
visable to amend the law by,making what
remains undisposed of, payable at a more
distant day. •.
Should-it be necessary, in any view that
Congress may take of the subject, to revise
existing tariff of duties, I" beg leave to say,
that, in the performance of ’that most deli
cate operation,' moderate counsels Vwould
Seem to be. the wisest; The Government,
under .which-it is our happiness to live, owes
its existence’to- the-spirit--of-compromise
which prevailed, ahiotig its framers—jarring
and discordant-opinions could only have been
reconciled by that noble spirit nf patriotism,
which prompted conciliation, and resulted in'
harmony. In the same spirit the compro
mise.. bill. as it is commonly called, .was a
dopted at the session of 1833. While the
people of no portion of the Union will ever
hesitate to pay all necessary taxes for (he
support of Government, yet an innate repug
nanceexists, to the imposition of burthens
not really necessary for that object. In.fnt-',
posing duties, however; for the purpnses’of
revenue, a right to discriminate as to tlie ar- !
tides, on which the duty shall be laid, as
well as the amount, necessarily and most
properly exists. Otherwise the Government
would be placed in the condition of having
to jevy the; same duties upon all articles, the *
productivo.jis Wel 1, as the unproductive.-r
-'rhe Blightcat .duty upon some, might liavo
the effect of causing .their importation to
cease, whereas others* entering Extensively
into the-cotfsumption of the courtlry,'might
bear the heaviest, without any sensible dim
inution in the amount imported. So also
the Government niay be justified in,,so dis
criminating, by-referenee It), <ilhcr consider?
aliens of domestic policy connected with.our).
manufactures.. * : ' !
; So long ns the duties shall be laid with
distinct reference to tlie the Treas
ury, no well founded objection can exist’
against them. It might be esteemed de-, .
sirable that no - such augmentation of the -
taxes; should fake place as would have the
.effect of annntling the proceeds distribution -
act of the last session, which act is declar- >
ed to be inoperative the moment the duties
ate increased beyond 20. per cent., the max
inium rate 5 established, Jby;-the Compioniise
act. Some of of the Com..,
promise act, feo |nto effectouthe
SOlh day of Junc' ncxt, may, however, be
found exceedingly inconvenient in practice, ■
under anyf^.regulations that Congress..may.»,
ad(tntfey|,;feferhioreparticulatly f
relat»nj^&'Jlte.>humic valuation.-.'
criedih ! tau4d|of the -same.. arliclc’s tdwijfi!6£ ••
■'■'•l 1 V'