Twenty-Seventh Congress. FIRST SESSION. IN SENATE, Wednesday', Jiirtc V; 1841. ' Mr. Clay gave notice tliat tie should to morrow ask ,leave to introduce a bill to pro vide for the distribution’ of the' proceeds of the Public Lands. : ‘ Mr; Buchanan presented resolutions ofthe Legislature of Pennsylvania, instructing their .Senators, and requesting their Repre sentatives, to vote for the repeal of the Sub treasury law. . ■ . , Mr. Smith of Ind. submitted a resolution, which lies upon the table, calling for infor mation in detail as to the quantity of Public .Lands sold at different periods, and wheth er for cash or credit, and of lands reserved. Mr. Sturgeon presented a petition pray ing for an amendment of the Constitution to effect the abolition of Slavery. The recep tion was objected to ,by Mr. Preston, when on motion ofJVIr. King, the motion to receive was laid upon the table. Mr.'Buchbnan presented a petition pray-, ing for the abolition of the Slave Trade, when a nuestion arose as to what should be done with petitions of this nature, when it was decided that the question of their re ception should always be put. The motion to receive was then laid upon the table. were presented- by. Mr., More-. Lead and-Mr, Walker in favor of a bank rupt Law. ' Mr. Rives having made a motion that .that part of the President’s Message which re lates to Foreign Affairs should be referred to the committee on Foreign Affairs, observ ed that he understood Mr. Buchanan as hav ing expressed a.wish that the Bill repealing the Sub-Treasury might be engrossed before our -Foreign Affairs came'up, a motion to that effect prevailed, ayes 27, noes 18*, ' SUB-TREASURY BILL. This Bill haying been read a third time, thequeßtionnoW.was.on-it3 engrossment;, when Mr. Woodbury'took tile floor, and af considerable length addressed the Senate' upon the general benefit of the Sub-Treas ury Actfand upon his administration of the currency. He warmly defended the Sub- Treasu'ry Bill, and did hot wish to leavethe' r«nwfi^y™^.thiTOontrel^^e.^sßCßfeßK no especial act’was paSsed- - of the gentlemen, oh the other side was such as to leave the public money under the con . trol of the Executive, and he reasoned a gainst that at length; . Mr. Benton attempted the introduction of a resolution declaring the repeal of the Su b inexpedient, Avhicli,. the Sjjiate pronounced out-of order; wliSii Mr. Benton ■withdrew his motion, and proposed t(f re commit the bill with instructions, whicirwas. negatived, yeas 18, noes 28. - Mr. Wright then took the floor anil ad dressed the Senate in,.behalf of the Inde pendent Treasury system, and arguing, with much; strenuousness, tigainst a National Bank. He gave his views at considerable length. . • Mr. Tallmadge replied to Mr. Wright briefly. Mr. Wright rejoined. • Mr. Benton then took the floor, and wpnt very much at large into the merits of the bill. After some other remarks,.the question was taken, ami the Repeal Bill was carried, yeas 39, nays 18. The Senate then adjourned. . HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. Graham, of N. C., in pursuance of notice previously given, asked leave "tooin troduce a bill for the repeal of the act “to provide for the collection, safe-keeping, and disbursement of the public revenue,”.passed July 4, 1840; commonly called the Sub treasury law. ■ The House,, however, proceeded to the special order, tire-election of officers- The following was the result:—Doorkeep er, Joseph Follansbee; Assistant do; J. W. Hunter; Chaplain, Rev. John W. French, ol the. Episcopal Churchy Mr. Sergeant, of Pa., sent to the Chair a resolution which was read, that the House now proceed to the election of its Printer ■for .the ,27th Congress, whose compensation shall,be 20 per; cent! less'thab the prices fixed by the joint resolution of 1819. The motion, waff objected to as out of or der ,’iand it was decided by the Chair that the gentleman from Pennsylvania, (Mr. In gersoll,) was entitled to the floor to call up his motion to re-consider. , Mr. Ingersoll then took the flyor- -He Koped after the inauguration of his subject, they would come to a correct examination of it. ; It presented three elementary and. .constitutional heads. Into the first of these, the "question" of "aio/i/fo/i, he entered and dwelt atlength, examining the fundamental causes of the abolition feeling—connected the slave trade"of England, France, and the now. prevalent opinions on this subject in those countries. ; " 1 ; He was several times called to order, on the ground of irrelevancy,.but was sustain ed, by the Chair, and without concluding the examing of the first head of his subject,gave ■way; and, on motion of Mr. Wise, at a quar ter past 3 o’clock, the House adjourned. IN SENATE. Thursday, June 10. THE CASE OF McLEOD,: Mr. Buchanan, in proposing to refer that part ot the President’s Messagethat related to foreign affairs, to the committee which has the charge entered at large upon an examination of the facts,delating to the con flagration and capture of the steam boat Ca roline, as'well' as,upon the history of the Pa triot:War in general; Mr. Buchanan then ehowedifrpm Chief Justice Marshall,.and o-. ther authorities, that a nation had exclusive right of control over its own waters, and he added that, however jiistifiable-an officer in time of war might be for execu ting orders of ihvasion, of violation of a neutral territory, yet in tlme of peace, he contended if it were done, the people .whose territory had been tiius violated, bad a, fight to hoiu:the officer responsible'in their courts. - ' ; k Mr. B. did not agree with Mr. Webster in the construction of "the law of. nations; and he set forth the points of his disagreement at length'. ' He.believed algo' that the Supreme Gourt of TorkiAvdiild'take a view dif ferent from .that of Mr. Webster, and if an pppeaLshould betaken he doubted whether the views of the Secretary of the State would be sustained. . ■ ' Mr, Buchanan also justified at length the Foreign policy of the administration of Mr. Van Burch in reference to,the case of the Caroline and McLeod. He, highly, com mended the tunc and language of the Ame rican Minister, Mr. Stevenson, and thought that throughout he had manifested true Am erican feeling. ‘ The course of Mr. Webster had hot been at' all agreeable to Mr, Buchanan, He thought-that Mr.'. W. had acted under a .threat, from the British-Government. He complained that Mr. Webster had hurried off the Attorney General to Lockport, and he was not at all pleased with the tenor of his instructions. ■ Mr. Buchanan did not think our condition so very htarmihg in the event of a war. We were not among the weak nations of the earth, he said, and no other nationjcould at tack us without Buffering as much from wai ns we should." He did not, however, deem that there was atiy risk of war, but on the event of its coming, he wished the law of nations to be so construed os to put us right in the eyes of the. world. Mr. Rives, at some letigth, defended Mr. Webster and his letter to Mr. Fox, which he pronounced beautiful and Unanswerable, and also his instructions to Mr. Crittenden. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. Briggs offered a resolution that the House should take a recess from 2 to 4 o’- clock, P. M., and that the hour of assembling hereafter be.at 10 o’clock, A. M. The re solution was not entertained. Mr. Filmore offered a resolution referring so much of the report of the Secretary of the Treasury as is not committed to the Select Committee, to the Committee of Ways and Means. The rules-wcre suspended and the motion concurred in. Mr. Holmes presented a petition from some citizens of Charleston, praying that Prcsidentfor one year, be appropriated to the bereaved family of the late. President, which was referred to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. ’ ; . , ' . i Mr. Underwood presented two petitions., one from the Patriotic Bank, and one.from cliarter.of.saidlfankfiri^ to ffic Committee oh tlie DistriCt of Golum bia; /"• - The Speaker presented to the House the papers relating to-the contested, election of Mr. Banks, of Va., which were referred to the Committee on Elections. A message was received from the Senate (informing ..the House that the Senate had passed, an aCt repealin" the Sub-Treasury.. . The House then took up Mr. Ingcrsoll’s motion, to re-consider the vote on Mr. Ad ams’s Amendment' relative' to; fhe reception' of Abolition petitions. The subject was discussed .during the re mainder of "the day by Mr. Ingersoll, Mr. Marshall, and others. The re-consideration was lost—yeas 110, nays 116. , «llchcod Correspondence. Among the documents accompanying the President’s Message to Congress, are the Letter of Mr. Fox to Mr. Webster,-de manding, in the name of his government, the immediate release of McLeod; and. the answer of the Secretary of State. The Bri- tish Minister’s Letter states that his move .mcnts in the premises, have been fully ap proved by his government, and repeats the oft-repeated'argument that McLeod cannot be held personally responsible for the acts of his government. —Brother Jonathan. Her Majesty’s Government (says Mr. Fox) cannot admit for a moment the validi ty of the doctrine advanced by Mr. Forsyth, that the Federal Government of the United States has no power to interfere in the mat ter in question, and that (he decision there of must rest solely and entirely- with the State of New Yorjj, With the particulars‘of the internal com pact which may exist between the, several states that compose the .Union, foreign Pow ers have nothing to do; the relations of for eign Powers are with the aggregate Union; that the Union is to (hem represented by the Federal Government; and of that Union the Federal ..Governmentistothem the only, organ. Therefore, when a foreign power has redress to demand for a wrong done to it by any State of the Union, it is to the ‘Federal Government,and not to' the separ ate State, that such'power must look for re dress for that wrong. And such foreign Power cannot admit the plea that the' sepa rate State is an independent body over which-the Federal Government has no Con trol.- '■ ■' - ---- Tt is obvious that such a doctrine, if ad mitted, would at once go to a dissolution of the Union as far as its relations with foreign Powers are concerned; and that foreign Pow ers, in such case, instead of accrediting di plomatic agents to the Federal Government, would send spelt agent hot to that' Govern ment, but to the Government of each separ ate State; and would make their relations of peace and war with each State depend upon the result of their separate intercourse with such State, without reference, to the rela tions they might have with the rest., : . Her Majesty’s Government formally de mands through its minister* the release of McLeod. The minister then proceeds to say .that there are the strongest, reasons to believe that McLeod-,was not concerned, in that affair; and that though the circumstan ces make nb difference in the political. and international questionat issue, the govern ment of the United States must not disguise from themselves that the fact that Mr. Me-. Lead;was not engaged in the transaction must necessarily tend greatly to . inflame that national, resentment "which any harm that shall be suffered by Mr. McLeod at the hands of the authorities of the Stateof New York will infallibly excite; throughput the whole of the British Empire. , In his reply, after, recapitulating, the con tents of Mr. Fox’s tetter, Mr. Webster says that the President is riot certain that he un dersiandaprecisely the meaning intended by tier Mnjesty’s tJoverntnent to be convey ed by the foregoing instruction., t J , This doubt has occasioned' wilh tlie Pres ident some hesitation, by the inclines take it for granted that the main purpose of in- struction was td'knßtee it.lo be signified to the government of- tnejlJnitcd States that the attack on the-steam Goat “Caroline” was an act of public force,' done by the British colonial authorities, and -finallyi recognized by-the Queen’s' Government at . honie, and that consequently no individual concerned in that transaction can,'according to the just principles of the lavy of nations; be held .personally answerable in the ordinary courts of law as for a private offence; atid that up on this avowal of her Majesty.’s Government, Alexander McLeod, now imprisoned on ,an indictment for murder alleged to have beep committed in an attack; ought to be 'releas ed by such proceedings as are usilal and are suitable to the case. '■ ■ Mr. Webster next proceeds to say, in sub stance, that persons held in the -U. States under judicial process, can, ns in England, only be released by judicial process;—by a nolle prosequi, on examination of the charge under a writ of habeas corpus.- The. Sec retary does not suppose that in England the Executive could interfere in any more dh rect manner. -After-alluding to the civil suit, (withdrawn since the date of this let ter,] the Secretary proceeds to arty, “If, therefore, any course different from such as have been now mentioned was in contem plation of Her Majesty’s - Government, something would seem to have been expect-' ed from the Government of the U. States as little.conformable to the laws and usages of the English Government as to those of the United States, and to which this Govern ment cannot accede.” The Government of the United. States, therefore, acting upon the presumplibn Which it already"adopted, that nothing ex traordinary or unusual was expec'ted,.or re quested of it, decided, on the, reception of Mr. Fox’s note, to take such measures as the occasion and its own duty appeared to require. The American Government,en tertains no doubt that after the avowal of an act by a government, individuals are no lon ger responsible,' And the President pre sumes that it can hardly be necessary to say that the American People, not distrustful of their ability to' redress public wrongs .by public means, cannot desire the punishment of individuals when the act complained of is declared to have been an act of the, G.ov 'ihstrtictjoniwaif. given! {or.flie Aittofhey'-Gen'- eral.oPthe United States frora this .Depart ment, by direction of the President, which fully sets forth the opinions of this Govern ment oh the subject of Mr. McLeod’s im prisonment, a copy of which instructions the Secretary encloses in bis letter. After,a history of the legal proceedings in the •cash, already known to' 1 the reader, the Secretary proceeds to pay a high enco mium oh the Supreme Court of the Stale of New-York; and-then-says:- “The~uridersigned has nojv to signify to Mr. Fox .that the,Government of the United States has-not changed .the opinion which it has hitherto expressed to Her Majesty's Government, of the character of the act of destroying the ‘Caroline.’ ” The Government of the United States does not think that the Caroline affair can, be justified by any reasonable application of the right of self-.dcfence under the law of nations. .But not having been advised of the reasons under which file British Gov ernment considers the attack justifiable, the Secretary earnestly renewirig the remon strance of this Government against the trans action, abstains, for the present, from any extended discussion of the question. After alluding to the term “permitted,”’ used by Mr. Fox, in reference to the organ ization of force in the United States, and saying that the President is willing to be lieve no intimation is intended that the U nited Stales Government afforded any coun tenance to the acts of the patriots, the Sec retary proceeds to remark that upon a line of frontier long enough to divide the whole of . Europe into halves, that irregularities, violences, and conflicts should sometimes occur, equally against the will of both Gov ernments, isvcertainly easily to be,supposed. This may be'more possible, perhaps, in re gard to the United States, without anyre proach to their Government,.since their in stitutions entirely, discourage the keeping up of large standing armies in time of peace, and thVir situation happily exempts them from the necessity of maintaining such ex pensive and dangerous establishments. This Government acknowledges no delinquency in the performance of i(s duties. ~ The letter takes exception against the term “pirates” as applied to the American volunteers, and says that though they were already violating the laws of their country, they were.certainly .not pirates, nor does the undersigned think that it can advance the purpose of fair and friendly discussion,' or hasten the accommodation of national diffi culties, so to denominate them, /Their of fence, whatever it was; had no anatogy to cases of piracy. The Tact that for ; the last two centuries subjects of the British crown have been permitted, to engage in foreign wars, and the recruiting.of whole regiments for the Spanish (service, openly in England is forcibly alluded to; and yet-it has .not been imagined that England at any time al lowed her subjects to turn'pirates. The Government of the-. United States has not, from the first, fallen into the doubts, elsewhere entertained,.of the true extent of the duties of neutrality. It has held that, however it may have been in less enlighten-: cdages, the Just interpretation of the mod ern law of nations is, tlyvt neutral statcs are bound to be strictly neutral; and that it is a manifest and gross impropriety, for individ uals to engage in the civil conflicts of other states. and thus to; be at war, - while their Government is at peace. War. and peace are high national relations, prop erly be established or changed only by na tions themselves. After quoting" instances from the whole history Of the republic, to show the sincerity with which the United States have ‘.carried out the principle.above'stated, the, letter-rof Mr. Webstar thus concludes: , Under these .circumstances, and under those immediately connected with the trans action itself, it wilr.be for-Ileri.Majesty’s Government ~to show upon what state of facts and whaf rules of national, law the de struction of the “Caroline” is. to be defend ed. ■ It ,’Willbe-for that Government to show a necessity of self-defence, instant, over whelming, leaving no choice of means and . no 'moment for detibefatiob... It will he, for it to show, also, that the local authorities of Canada, even supposing the necessity of the moment authorized them to' enter the terri tories of the United States at all, did iloth ing unreasonable or excessive; since the act justified by the necessity of .self-defence, must lie limited by that necessity, anil kept clearly withip it.. It must be shown that admonition or re monstrance to the persons on board the ►“Caroline,” was impracticable, or , would have been unavailing; it must be shown, that day-light could nut bp waited fur; that there could be'no attempt at discrimination be tween the innocent and the guilty;- that it .would not have been, enough to seize and detain the vessel—but that there was a ne cessity, present and inevitable, fur attack ing her, in the darkness, of the. night, while moored to the shore, and while unarmed men were asleep on boarife killing some and ►Wounding others, ami then drawing her into the current, above the cataract, setting her on fire, and, careless to know whether there •might not be-in,her the-innocent with the guilty, or the living with the dead, commit ted her to a fate which fills the imagination with, horror, a necessity for all this the Go vernment of the United States cannot be lieve to have existed. . All will see that if such things be allowed to occur, they might lead to. bloody and ex asperated war; & when an individual comes into the United .Stat.es from Canada, and to the very place on whiclrthis drama was per formed, ami there chouses to . make public and vain glorious boasts of the part lie acted in it. it is hardly wonderful that great ex citement should be created, and some com motion arise. ' , This Republic docs not wish to, disturb the tranquility of the world. Its object is peace, its policy peace. It seeks no aggran dizement by foreign conquest, because it knows (hat no foreign acquisition could aug ment its power and importance sor rapidly as.tbey are. already advancing by its own growth under the propitious circumstances of its situation. But it cannot admit that its Government has not both the will and the power ttf pre serve its own neutrality, and to enforce the observance of its own laws upon its own ci tizens. It is jealous of its rights, and among .&tUw^-and/mosteB^?isl [ ty ;1 yof,;'t|ie;TigUt,.oT' ,js- the duty, and'Athb'determination -of -this Government fully and at all.times to main tain; while it will, at the same time, as scru pulously refrain from infringing on. the rights' of others. The President instructs the'undersigned to say, in conclusion, that he confidently trusts tliat this and all other questions of difference between the two Governments will be treated by both in the full exercise of sucli-.a spirit of candor,. justice*-and_mu.-. tual respect as shall give assurance of the long continuance of peace between the two countries. ' The undersigned avails himself of the op portunity to assure Mr. Fox of his high con sideration. DANIEL WEBSTER. Henry S. Fox, Esq., &q. &c. &c. From the. Louisville ( Ky.) Advertiser, GOOD —We absolutely feel cheered whenever we have an opportunity to copy an article like the following from a Whig paper. It is American in spirit, and shows that an editor on that side of the question is occasionally to be found who would not sacrifice the and honor of his coun try, and the liberties of himself and poster ity on the altar of mammon. , From the Cincinnati Daily Chronicle. THE McLEOD CASE, It seems to us that the American national spirit, like Bob Acre’s courage, is rapidly ‘oozing .out at bis fingers’ end’. If this were the true Christian principle of peace and humility, if would be to us cause of great joy, and be a more real and substan tial evidence of national improvement than any other; but it is not so. The whole root of it is the reverse. It is the consequence of national effeminacy—r-a natural result of the universal devotion to mammon. . “W e are struck with this on reading the argument of counsel and the efforts of the Administration in the case of McLeod. , “This fellow, in his folly,Roasts (wheth er. truly or hot);that.he was one engaged in the destruction of the tCarofine;’ in which a midnight murder, was committed within the jurisdiction of New York, by a band of Canadian marauders. Neither, the Ameri can nor the English Governments had con nection with tiie matter. Three years af terwards a man who professes, to be oneof the transgressors, is arrested; and forthwith the British'Government, in the plenitude of its ' assumption, . undertakes , ta : father the the ciime; and the : American Government, for fear the quiet bf. the money changers may. be broken, interferes, to,annul the cause-of justice. , Can this fatherly protection,of the; British Government change the-nature of the crime, or deprive the‘courts-of New York of their jurisdiction?, Besides, it is very far from being true, that a /nan; in time'of war, is always screened by the offi cial shield of the Government. Take, for example, the case of a.spy. No act of the Government can shield him from punish ment. In the revolutionary war, Lieut. 'McPherson was ;taken near Princeton by Gen. Putnam* • He was demanded by the British General, with the threat that two American officers should be hung for him. It is said Gen. Putnam returhed -this an swer: ’ •“Sir—Lieut. McPherson was taken asji spy—he was tried as a spy—he was doomed as a spy—and he shall be hung, as a spy. A correspondent writes ns follows; ■ HdnsoN/June 5, XB4t, - I hasten.to give you' an account of a most, dreadful accident which has takeii place in our city, to-day. If has.been the custom of the chief superintendent latterly, to let the care go down the descent from the head of Warren street*'without ,the engine or horse “ISRAEL PUTNAM. power, and always 'thinking that a man pla .. .p, g He i-t hung.” " bed eaj?H-car. 'ytas Sufficient “In the case of McLeod there was ,no for safcty. . ; war, nor pretence of war. They who, took But on. the rim down this -morning, the the Caroline and murdered the crew, were breaks did not perform as well,as usual, and precisely in* the attitude of- highway robr the consequence was-thaf six-large freight hers.” ■ „ •' .'. L... cars ran on the dock, and • was lost. . The This is in the spirit, which actuated the amount of property lost cannot be asoeriain late administration and dictated the replies ed exactly, but as near as can be found,out, of Mr. Forsyth to the./British .Mihiisteri— will not beless .than'..s2o, ooo; but that is Under the Democratic administration, a firm hot.any thing; where the loss of.life is taken determination was manifested to resist the into consideration—for five . persons,. who; insolent demands of England, and maintain were known, to ba in the car 3, were lo3t— the hbhor of the country. The ..change of and how many more cannot; be-told. . Two Administration has, however, evidently pro-, were taken out, one masjied; to ~a complete duced a change of policy towards. England. Jelly; And on the other .allmeans were Tlie Webstsr policy is to manoeuvre, palav- tried, but in vain* to resuscitate mm.—Xfoff. er, prevaricate and cringe, to appease Eng- 2?<j>tiW»can. ■ ■ • : : land andavoid reapotisibi 1 i ty, It is no NYon der a course so unmanly, so unpatriotic and dishonorable, is denounced by the Whig editor of the Cincinnati Chronicle, and re sisted in his official capacity, by Mr. Sew ard, the Whig Governor of New York.— The fonper shows (hat he has not permitted Ids feelings as, an r 'American to be merged in ’mere party considerations, and the latter, anxious to retain the good opinion-of his fel low citizens, probably with, a view to re election, is constrained to oppose, openly and officially, the truckling movements.' of the administration of the General Govern ment in reference to (lie impudent demand for (he release of McLeod. ■ God knows we do not' desire war with' England. We are perfectly aware that a conflict with the haughty “mistress of the seas” would be productive of an incalcula ble amount of deprivation and suffering— that the sacrifice of blood and human life would be tremendous; but' we think we plainly forsee that the very evils which the cringing policy of the Administration is in tended to avoid, must be brought upon us by tile adoption of that policy. Every cow ering movement invites aggression. Every display on the part'of the .Adiirtilisjration, of subserviency to, England and to English interests, is regarded as evidence that we are almost ripe for re-colonization.. ■Had Mr. Van Buren been re-elected, we should not have heard the . Whig, Governor of N.ew'York complaining of interference witli the rights of that Stale, and of the sub serviency of the .Administration to England. The selection of Mr. Webster as pre mier was not only ill advised, but unfortun ate. He was, and is, in-the pay of .the Bank of the United States, and is believed by many sensible and discreet men to be at this moment in British pay—not directly in ■the'payof the British Government, but of British capitalists.. The late outfit of sixty five thousand dollars furnished by the .Wall. street money changers—mostly Englishmen or mere English Agents—under pretence that it was a manifestation of respect' for his public'Services, was a very extraordinary transaction, and, wheil'viewed in connection With bis letter to the Barings bn the credit of the States, the suggestion which'immedi ately followed, (coming from England_]qo) Gcdhtbr;’’teust' cause every well informed l man to see the error the late President com- milled in the selection of tiis Secretary of State., , THE STEAM SHIP PRESIDENT. " ' From the New Tojk Herald . On Saturday last, James Buchanan, Esq., Iter Britanic Majesty’s Consul for the port •of-Ncw a inceling at the of fice of his consulate, for the purpose of in quiring into the condition of the; -steam s|iip, when she put to sea.last from this.purt, what cargo she Jiad, how. her coal was stowed, whether there was any deficiency of spars, yards, &c., whether or not she was hogged or strained by 'previous storms, and every particular connected with her up to-the last time she was sent to sea, so far as known by any one in the United Slates. The meeting was attended by Jacob Wal ton, Esq. Rear Admiral of the White, Geo. Barclay, Esq., agent for .Lloyd’s in the port of New York, Thomas W. Moore, Esq', her Majesty’s packet agent, Mr. Henry Smith, of the firm of Wadsworth &Smith, the a gent for the steam ships President and Brit ish Queen, Capt. Benj. Waite, of the pneket ship England, Capt. Cole, of the packet ship Orpheus, Capt. Bell, and several other gen tlemen! eminent for .their skill anil experi ence in nautical matters. Capt. Cole, of the ship Orpheus, rose and stateil that he left New York in company with the steam ship President; on the inorn ing ufthe llth of March Inst, and that he was in sight of her until about sundown on the evening of the 12th. i; Capt. Gole further stated that when he last saw the President rising on the top of a..tremendous sea, she appeared to be pitch ing heavily and laboring tremendously. She was (hen situated in'that dangerous part of the Atlantic Ocean, about mid-way between the Nantucket Shoal and the r St. George’s Bank, just where the Gulf Stream strikes soundings! and where .the waves rise almost straight up aifd down as high as 1 a four'.or five story house. That the President then must have been silipping seas heavily ami fast;that probitbly .these large bodies of water worked through into the engine room, or fire room; and'ex tinguished the fires, in which case the stea mer would have been comparatively help less—that the storm waS“tcrrific all that night—that tlje next morning the wind shift ed suddenly from N E to SB, knocking up a still nioro tremendous' sea, and that the gale continued with unabated fury till mid night of the 13th. And that if is his belief that the President did not survive that gale, but foundered with.all' bn board, and that all perished before sundown on the 13th, or in less than 24 hours after.he Inst saw hen and most probably in the terrific night of the 12th of March. t " - In this opinion Capt. .Waite and the other nautical gentlemen seemed to cpiniide. DREADFUL ACCIDENT AT HUDSON In consequence of the- recent extensive, robbery of' the' Frederick County Bank, ; the Directors have given notice that they will not pay the deposits or.cotes in circulation, except that in cases where debts are due the Bank, by depositors or noteholders, their de posites, or notes held by them at the time the bank was robbed, (satisfactory, proof of which will be required) will;be received in payment of their respective debts.' And in order to determine what amount of paper is legitimately in circulation, the directors re quest all persons holding-notes to bring them in for ■ special deposite' in -the bank,'or, in case they prefer keeping them in their own possession, to communicate to the Bank the .amount, number arid-denomination of the said notes respectively, before the ISth June. The notes of the Bank previous to this no tice had been received by the stores in the neighborhood at 75 cents in, the dollar.— Such was the confidence reposed in the’in 'stitutibn by the people of Frederick, county tliat it is said, of the 179,000 dollars capi tal, 134,000 dollars were owned in Freder icktown and vicinity,— Nat, Gaz. Fatal MJ'ray. —Ah affray occured On Saturday evening, between die hours.of nine apd ten o’clock at the comer of Light and Lombard streets, which was followed by the death of one of the parties, yesterday mojning at 7 o’clock. From the rela tion of Mr. James Groves, Who was an eye-wit ness from the commencement of the melancholy transaction to its'clbse, we gather the ensuing par ticulars. Francis Walker, the deceased, was sit ting oh his lather's door, in-Lighl street, three doors from Lombard, between nine and ten o’clock, when two men named, Wilson Winfree and An-, thony or Andrew Freoburger,-cpme to;the corner and commenced disputing with one another— Freeburger betting $5 that he could whip Win free. Walker, who was sitting in the dour, rose, approached die parlies and requested them not to fight, but to part as good friends. To (bis the parties agreed, but upon die condition that both would appear die next morning, Sunday, about 8 o’clock, to terminate the quarrel by a regular bat tle. They then shook hands. W’infree went a way, while Freeburger remained on'the'pavement at the comer. Walker, supposing the quarrel set tled between them for the present, walked to the ■steps of the corner dwelling and set down. Free burger still remained in the same place, bantering some one to fight whose name the witness does not recollect. Walker then rose trom ills seat, ap proached Frecburgersaying “he could.whip them both,” referring to* reeburger and Winfrec. 'Frcc- g 1 '"rgci fiaid .“if cpnjp,.. ps,” --r ger struck him iii the face with his liar, but where the blow look effect the witness is not precisely certain. The first blow however, made -Walker-' Veel backwards towards the curbstone, and while thus reeling, Freeburger. struck another blow which took effect a little above the outer corner of the left eyebrow. From tlio violence of this blow, he fell backwards over the curbstone, his head lighting on the flag-stone. Freeburger ran at him while down, witli the intention, as r.n witness be lieves, of stamping on him with his feet; sqrao persph.unknown to. the witness intcrfered,,a'nd..lold Freeburger “he had killed the man, and it was no use to do more.” F reeburger then ran off, when the witness, with the assistance of the individual re ferred to above, raised Walker and placed.him on the pavement: he was soon taken hence to his father’s residence and physicians called in, who gave it as their opinion that death was inevilabb. He lingered until yesterday morning at 7 o’clock, when he died. Deters Durkee and Hintze were summoned by the coroner, William T. Rice, Esq., who upon examination, found tlio skull broken a bout two idfches in length, with great effusion of blood in a coagulated state, and thedirain adjacent to the fracture- reduced to a mummy, as though it had been pounded. Verdict of thejury, “that the deceased came to his death by the fall which he received front life hand of Anthony or Andrew Freeburger.” We learii that Andrew Freeburger was arrested about fifteen minutes after the fatal deed was com mitted, by a watchman named George Kauderer, and taken to the Middle District watch-house— He was taken in the vicinity of the house where the deceased lay, and it is supposed he had gone thitherto ascertain the amount of foal injury he had done. —-Baltimore Sun, Tall Wheat. — A gentleman left at our office yesterday a stalk of wheat of this year’s growth, Which measures six'feet and Um inches, and from the fact of its being just in blossom, it would no doubt have grown six or eight inches more. It grew on the farm of Nicholas Gatch, Esq - , about five miles from the city, on the Bel Air road, and the seed was obtained from .England, where it is called the “Yorkshire Brown.” There were four bushels sown on the field, from which the above enormous stalk was taken, and it bids fair lay ield the proprietor upwards of one hundred bushels.— The secret of this great crop may prove an advan tage to some 'bf our agricultural friends. Two years since, Mr. G. did not raise from the same quantity of seed on the same ground, five bushels pf.wheafj-where-lio-wilLnotv-liave over one,hun dred; the secret of which is that he has since put oh about sixty bushels of lime to the acre, and a small quantity of manure.- If our farmers would, cultivate less ground, and put on more lime and manure, they would have less labor to preform and more grain for market; A specimen of the wheat alluded to above may be seen at the Sun office.— Baltimore San. A Caheeb of CniME.— The negroes lately con vipled at St. Louis, we judge from paragraphs in the papers,,ate making full confessions. -JfheNew Era says: ’ ‘'j. . . Their career of wickedness has been a Ipngand astonishing one—commencing some ten years ago. and the disclosures, will account .forraany out rages hitherto involved jn mystery.. It is under stood that they have’ been concerned in many of the robberies at this place within the past year— in those at Galenaearly this spring, and in num berless ones at New Orleans. Probably the whole.wesl and south has suffered from their.dcp redations. They have been engaged too, in a reg ular system of operations; by which the slaves of the south were assisted in making their escape to Cana da. It was on one of these occasions. Brown says,' that he committed the only murder which, can be charged against him, except that of Mr. Weaver, which ho now acknowledges, He’had hinder his. charge h negro from one of the southern Slates,who was fleeing to Canada. Some cause ledviim to be apprehensive of detection, and ho determined’ to make way with the slave. Accordingly, at night, he 'decoyed him ,to .the guard.of.the- steamboat,, tipped him oyer, into the water, .and that was the last he heard hf him.'- Brown admits the justice of his sentence, and .'consoles himself .with the idea that his _wifo and child are left Hi indepen dent circumstances—the fruits of years of villainy. ~ Braddee tkeilaiißobher. —Braddee,who is oh trial at Pittsburg, vvason Saturdayioat delivered up by his sureties, in consequence of tho develop ment of testimony by one of tho witnesses named Thayer, who stated that Braddee had related the rno^qpermidi'.;by which he robbed tho mail; and added tlmlanguage of, the prisoner, who had remarked that,' “when hegoton a mail bag it made his knife laughV’ During Saturday aftemoon, a witness from Morgantown,-.Va., .testified .that he received from the prisoner,subsequent to tho rob-, bory, a sum of money, which money being produ ced, was identified by a gentleman from St, Louis as , the , same; hq i had: mailed;, antecedent to the robbery. .The evidence' is thought to be sufficient : to convict Braddee already, and there is etillettong er testimony expected" to, bo brought opt. 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