ESTIMATE OF RACIAL MINORITIES Pe PN (seman IE ma oa id masvans BEE 00) |roces mm om £m vss wim ——————————— ~~ Foreign “After 20 years of peace we were over- taken by a violent crisis. Dynamic politi- cal forces . . . from neighboring states threatened our lands . . . England and France, two democracies, informed us that arbitration could not solve the diffi- culty . . . The government could do noth- ing but accept the suggestion of the two powers . . . Nothing else remained, be- cause we were alone.” Thus, to her angry, downhearted populace, little Czechoslovakia ex- plained why Sudeten borderlands were being ceded to Germany. Two days had passed since faithless Eng- land and France had capitulated to Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler's mand for immediate ‘‘release’’ the 3,500,000 German Czechs whose protests have kept Europe in a dith- er all summer. Further delay would bring invasion; it was the better part of valor to surrender. The terms: Predominantly German areas would be ceded immediately, while part German areas would be given a plebiscite. In return, Adolf Hitler would join in guaranteeing Czechoslovakia’s future. But even while Europe began breathing easier, new troubles were brewing, mostly caused by the hope- from which carved 20 years ago. The troubles: In Prague itself, democracy gave (See mier Milan Hodza's cabinet signed, replaced by that of Gen. Jan Syrovy, one-eyed army chief. Mean- while, blood splattered throughout Sudetia as Czech troops quelled Nazi riots. MINORITIES DISTRIBUTION floods. With more than 400 dead, with property damage standing above $400,000,000, with thousands homeless, many communities were so hopelessly shattered they could not help themselves. To the rescue came the Red*Cross, U. S. coast guard and WPA, while from Wash- ington President Roosevelt ordered all federal agencies to give every possible assistance. @ Shortly after midnight, South- ern Pacific's Chicago-bound Califor- nian pulled onto a siding at Tor- tuga, Calif., making way for the Los Angeles-bound Argonaut. Though Brakeman Eric L. Jacobson threw the switch, Argonaut thundered through, crashed head-on into Californian to kill 12, injure 100. Told that he had opened a closed switch, Brakeman Jacobson became hysterical, shrieked over and over: “I'm not crazy, but I don’t know why I did it!” Politics All summer the U. S. for Franklin Rogsevelt has waited to say didacy. Only known facts were (1) lative program by 1940, and (2) that, having control over the Demo- Thus it to name his successor. was ““obstructionist’’ senators as Iowa's South Carolina's Smith, Maryland's Tydings and Georgia's pr —— rng Poland lost to Czechoslovakia 1920. gary. Mussolini decided treaties mean nothing in modern Europe, therefore urged complete split-up of Czecho- Magyars, Poles, Ruthenians, vaks. Meanwhile, Britain's Prime Min- ister Neville Chamberlain and France's Premier Edouard Daladier ate crow. ened in protest against the Franco- British scheme whose stench almost paralleled that of the notorious Hoare-Laval plan for Ethiopia's par- tition. Three cabinet members re- signed. In London, where the ‘‘sell- worry about his job. As the prime minister boarded his some indications that Der Fuehrer might eventually reject the Sudeten settlement, might demand complete division of Czechoslovakia among Germany, Poland and Hungary. Only definite fact was that Ger- many had bluffed her way into Eu- rope’s No. 1 position, relegating both cation of second-rate powers. Domestic New England had already weath- ered three days of rain when trop- ical storm warnings were posted on Florida's east coast. By midnight the hurricane was safely past Flori- da, far at sea. Next morning Jack- sonville warned North Carolina's capes, but high tides and wind had already spread the word. By noon the weather bureau at Washington ordered storm warnings posted from Atlantic City to Eastport, Me. By late afternoon the storm hit Long Island's fashionable West- hampton with a 90-mile wind, a 40- foot tidal wave. Luxurious homes on the sand dunes were blown to sea and bodies were scattered for miles along the beach. The storm’s full force had struck the island from Montauk down to Queens and Brook- lyn. Roaring across Long Island sound, it brought flood, wind and fire to Connecticut in a night of horror that cost $30,000,000. At Providence, R. 1., waves that broke 1,000 feet into the city left 25 feet of water in some streets. By the time it reached Massachusetts, four days of rain had already swollen rivers to flood stage. As only a hurricane can, it ripped northward into New Hamp- shire and Vermont, thence across to Montreal where it took two more lives before playing out. Behind was a picture of amazing desolation that stretched across six states. Next day began the biggest re- habilitation job since 1937's spring a NEW YORK'S O'CONNOR Biggest fish in a summer's angling. feated by administration-blessed James H. Fay, one-legged war vet- eran. Though Representative O'Con- nor won Republican nomination (he entered both tickets), Candidate Fay is a safe bet next November since he carries both American Labor party and Democratic endorsement. Since little John O'Connor was has been able to hook in a summer's angling, at best his so-called ‘purge’ was only 25 per cent suc- cessful. This means the President's program will not be compieted by 1940, also that his tremendous per- sonal popularity would bog down if he attempted to choose his suc- cessor. Though he can win votes for himself, he cannot do it for oth- ers. Apparently two choices remain open. Either Franklin Roosevelt will run for Democratic renomina- tion or he will head a new third party, a step not considered unlikely in view of his recent promise to sup- port liberals, whether Democratic or Republican. ® In Massachusetts, ex-Gov. James M. Curley staged a comeback, won Democratic gubernatorial nomina- tion over the incumbent, Gov. Charles F. Hurley. Opposing him next November will be 46-year-old Leverett Saltonstall, liberal Repub- lican, who scored three times the vote of his three opponents com- bined. ® In Wisconsin, where popular Gov. Phillip F. LaFollette could be beaten only by a Democratic- Republican fusion ticket against the powerful Progressive party, Novem- ber’s gubernatorial race will again find three candidates: Governor LaFollette, Democratic Robert Hen- ry, Republican Julius P. Heil. Most interest will center in the senatorial campaign, where Democratic Sen. F. Ryan Duffy must face Repub- lican Alexander Wiley and Progres- sive Herman L. Ekern, currently lieutenant governor. Business Foremost among American indus- try’'s problem children are the rail- roads, who jointly fell $180,000,000 short of earning fixed charges dur- ing 1938's first six months, whose proposed 15 per cent pay cut ($250,- 000,000 a year) is met by labor's al- legation of financial mismanage- ment and overcapitalization. Last spring, almost simultaneous with the wage cut announcement, congress received rail legislation but tabled it on the insistence of Wisconsin's Sen. Robert M, LaFollette, who ar- gued that pay cuts and government aid do not go together. Called for October 1 was a gen- eral railroad strike which, under federal legislation, can be averted 30 days while a presidential fact- finding committee deliberates 30 more days after its report is sub- mitted. Though President Roosevelt plans to follow this procedure, he began thinking early in September in broader terms than a strike. To the White House were summoned three experts of rail management (Union Pacific's Carl Gray, Pennsyl- vania's M. W. Clement, Southern Pacific's E. C. Norris) and three ex- perts of rail labor (Railway Employ- ees’ B. M. Jewell, Firemen-Engine- men Brotherhood’s D. B. Robertson, Railway Labor Executives’ George M. Harrison). Their job: To draft for next win- ter’'s congress a long-range rehabili- tation plan for the $26,000,000,000 in- dustry, one-third of which is now Though the President ob- viously hoped to avert a rail strike promising legislation, though steadily increasing carloadings plus the prospect of business recovery promise of obviating a wage cut, labor remained adamant. At the session, its three be legislation could Early in Depression it became ap- that permanent was a world-wide proposit Thus, since 1931, each year has brought an 2 . International Management congress recovery ion. have thus far peace, means that failed to win international namely, co-operation To Washington for this year’s con- came 2,000 executives and management experts. But a fort- through sion, it was plain that the weight of change an impersonal discussion of business into a field for protests industry consid- day From France's Alex Brule came the simple analysis that most of Dr. Gorg Seebauer was interested House door. Samples: Johns-Manville’'s Lewis H. Brown: misunderstandings . is our present confused state of . . We are torn between con- Westinghouse's A. W. Robertson: must struggle to cause of free enter- much regimentation." Labor's complaint came from Robert J. Watt, U. S. workers’ dele- gate to the international labor of- fice: “My message to management . is that you can have discipline and responsibility within unions as soon as you stop waging war against them and give your workers a chance to develop their own patterns of . discipline and responsibil- ity.” Soundest advice of all came from William Allen White, wizened editor of the Emporia (Kan.) Gazette, who EMPORIA’S EDITOR WHITE Capital was “just plain dumb.” spanked both capital and labor while speaking as a ‘representative of the public.” Editor White to capital: “You were short-sighted for not see- ing that the eight-hour day was com. ing . . . You had to fight it, every inch, and make the consuming pub- lic think you were greedy . . . You were just dumb.” Editor White to labor: “The prop- er business of a labor union is to get higher wages, better hours and good shop conditions . . . But when labor en masse plunks its vote for its own (political) party, then the spirit of loyalty begins to obscure labor's ob- jectives."” Next day, Secretary of Commerce Daniel C. Roper promised less gov ernment interference with business WASHINGTON.—There was quite to Senator George upon the occa- the attempted New Deal “purge” I don’t know why that telegram was not more widely print- ed, but it was typically like Carter Glass, so cryptic, so full of mean- ing, that I am going to reprint it here: “Senator Walter F. George, At lanta, Ga. “God bless you, Walter. Like- wise, the sovereign State of Geor- gia. “Signed. Carter Glass.” To get its true meaning, one has to recall that Senator George was the third Democratic sena- tor, in a row, who was openly opposed by President Roosevelt; the third marked to be “purged” from the Democratic party and the third in a row to be victorious over the President's ill-advised attempt to dominate voters of a state, and, in due course, the con- gress of the United States, by personally picking the Democratic party nominees. Next, Mr. George had been sub- jected to perhaps the strongest New Deal slap by the President, of any of the nine senators whom the Pres- ident originally described men behind the times. It will be re- called how Mr. Roosevelt, with Sen- ator George on the platform, spoke his blessing of United States Attor- ney Camp at Barnesville, Ga., and announced conclusion that Mr. George represented the past, not the future. It was on that occasion, that Mr. Roosevelt uttered the now famous: “God bless you, Walter; 1 hope we will always be friends.” The third feature to be remem- bered is that Mr. George won, that former Governor Talmadge was second and that the New Deal can- didate was third in the race, and that Mr. George's victory was so overwhelming that there was no need for a run-off primary—the method in the solid Democratic states of choosing between the two highest candidates from the prima- ry vote. This means that a ma- jority of the voters—more than 50 per cent—voted for Mr. George. his 100, President’s Prestige Has Suffered Heavy Damage Couple these facts with Senator Tydings' victory over Rep. David J. Lewis for the Democratic senatorial nomination in Maryland, and Sen. “Cotton Ed’ Smith's substantial margin over Governor Johnston in South Carolina, and it appears to me that several conclusions are proper and justifiable. Mr. Roosevelt went into South Carolina in behalf of Gov- ernor Johnston and he went into Maryland to promise construction of several huge Chesapeake bay bridges and to point to the good qualities of Representative Lewis. Yet, the President's wishes were well ignored. The conclusions I have reached— and I believe they will stand the most critical test—are: 1. Mr. Roosevelt is unable to transmit to his followers the same personal popularity that he has en- joyed since entering the White 2. His prestige as a political lead- er, which undoubtedly was slipping fered irreparable damage. 3. The congress that will be elect- | 4. There can be no discounting the influence that victories for the con- servatives, like those won by Tyd- ings, Smith and George, will have November elections. It is an hon- est statement, I believe, that there are numerous voters who have been wavering between the New Deal and the conservative school of thought, and a large percentage of them will turn to conservative candidate when they have a chance. They will be influenced strongly, and that fact worries the New Deal thinkers at the moment. ‘Purge’ but Step In Plan Of Political Realignment But there is yet another thought in this connection. I refer to the President's program for a realign- ment of political groups in this coun- try. He has called for it; of that there is nc obvious doubt. The “purge” of the senators marked for political destruction was one of the early steps. So, it is significant that Mr. Roosevelt's early maneuver in the direction of a forced realign- ment has succeeded to the extent of a complete flop. The thing that started out to be a beautiful swan- like dive became a belly-buster, much to the chagrin of the great thinkers who surround the Presi- dent and give him such poor politi- cal advice, There will be a condition in the next congress that will be worthy of watching. Surely, no one will ex- pect Tydings and Smith and George and Clark of Missouri and six or eight other senators to go out of their way to support a Roosevelt program in which they may not believe. There is the nucleus. There were already 20 or more senators of that mind. With those re-elected after overcoming the “purge,” it seems reasonable to suppose that as little political credit as possible will be given to the President, House members nearly always keep in close touch with the sena- tors of their respective states, par- ticularly if they are of the same po- litical faith. They will take encour- agement from the forthrightness of their seniors and, quite naturally, will be bolder and more outspoken. It will be much more difficult for Democratic Leader Rayburn to hold his majority together in the house of representatives because of this new-found courage and, in some cases, resentment, All of leads into a third phase. Few Presidents have been withstand bushwhacking It confronts Mr. which to because of the “purge.” Thus, a fur- ther to offer evi- hint, t Mr. of Demo- ay be broken. If an accomplished fact, to expect that the control the Democrat- convention of 1940. That, is one of the things at the President's ill-starred attempts. analysis seems agence, at least a ontrol the is not now see no Presiden “purge'’ New Spokesmen Appear In consequence of these things, 1 have an idea that there will be many, many moves made during the next session and in the session just before the 1040 convention de- signed to take the Democratic party out of the hands of the Roosevelt advisers. 1 think you will see dele- gates being groomed here and there, 18 months before they are to be formally chosen. I believe also that state political bosses will be- come quite active next summer as they watch which way the wind blows. Some will guess wrong, some right. Some political heads will fall and new spokesmen wiil appear on the scene, All of these things, I predict, will happen, barring one thing. That is war. If there is a gen- eral European war on the horizon, then we may expect a different course of political events in the United States. What I am about to say, now, is not said in discredit of the Presi- dent. It is merely voicing a fact in politics. If there be a general war abroad, and, more particularly, if American relations become involved in it, then Mr. Roosevelt unquestion- ably will appeal for solidarity of public opinion, for unanimous sup- port for the government of the na- tion. His spokesmen and henchmen will be busy as bees showing him to be the only man for the job, the only man capable of saving the na- tion. That happened in Woodrow Wilson's time and it has happened in every other war, and it will hap- pen again. Political Destruction Of Roosevelt Threatened I know that Mr. Roosevelt is no more anxious to have the United States become involved in war than you or I. He realizes its cost in blood, as well as the disarrange- ment of world economics that fol- lows. And if war comes, he natural- ly will want a united nation back of him. But, coldly and abstractly, I repeat that war conditions are the only set of circumstances that I see now which may prevent a thorough- going movement on Capitol Hill for the political destruction of Mr. Roosevelt. When I say, political de- struction, I do not mean to imply, or to hint that opponents of the Pres- ident within his own party want to send him to oblivion. They will seek—they are seeking, now—to de- throne him in every way except as titular head of the party. They want the guidance to come from old Democratic leaders and they want adherence to old Democratic princi- ples. That is to say, the long-time oracles of the Democratic have witnessed stupidity, dumbness, on the part of the squirts who have crowded close to the President, and they want to send those quacks back to the oblivi- on from which they came. Further, the old line Democrats want to avoid a wide-open split in their party, Un. less that can be done in 1940, there will be a Republican victory fol- lowed by exactly the same condi- tions that wrecked the Republicans after the “purge” that the voters gave the G. O. P. in 1932 and 1036. © Western Newspaper Union. sheer i Color and Economy In This Jifty Afghan A jifly crochet with large hook and Germantown wool—it takes about half the wool needed for a regular afghan! And a lovely fluffy afghan you'll have. Pattern Pattern 6040, 6040 contains dire ing afghan; hor Don't Aggravate Gas Bloating gr GAS BLOA % 5't of Gon L expect Lo § Li Es BLESS Te _— ar waster in Joss than two hou been recommended by many doc years, Get the gentine Adlerika Lo Sold aot ali drug stoves & Unattained Success is counted sweetest those who ne'er su I Dickinson. How Women in Their 40's Can Attract Men Here's good advice for a woman during her rom 38 to 52), who fears worries dizzy spells, ] ! 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers