Business Men in Uproar SECRETARY OF COMMERCE ROPER thought the thousand “little business’ men he invited to Washington to tell their troubles and needs to the President would hold a nice quiet meeting and form- ulate a program that wouldn't em- barrass the administration. But they fooled him. Their opening session in the De- partment of Commerce auditorium was decidedly riotous and finally the police were called in to restore order. Every man present wanted to make a speech and dozens fought for possession of the microphone of the loudspeaker system in order to tell what they thought was wrong with the country and what should be done about it. Mr. Roper tried valiantly to deliver a message of greeting from Mr. Roosevelt, but the throng refused to listen even to that. Assistant Secretary Ernest Draper had little better luck. Draper an- nounced that Fred Roth, shoe man- ufacturer of Cleveland, was tem- porary chairman, and this led to further disorder because he was “hand-picked.” RFC Chairman Jesse Jones, who tried to speak, was cheered but soon retired from the room with Roper and Draper. Some of the business men who could make themselves heard con- demned the administration for high taxes, reckless spending and un- warranted attacks on industry and business. Others called on the Pres- ident to declare he will not accept a third term. They demanded he get rid of his theorists. They voted to consider the problem of taxes, shouting down the attempts of Com- merce officials to sidetrack it. Finally nine small groups were formed to discuss as many phases of the problem and carry their findings to the White House. These, with their topics and chairmen, were: Small loans, James G. Daly of Columbus, Ohio; wages and hours, Dr. W. K. Gunter of Gaffney, S. C.; fair trade practices, Howard D. North of Cleveland; government re- search, Bernard McLean of Dallas, Texas; housing, D. E. McAvoy of New York; social security, O. L. Roach of Danville, Va.; develop- ment and planning of small busi- ness, Leslie E. Sanders of Orlando, Fla.; unemployment, Wallace Kim- bal of Long Island City, N. Y.; in- stallment selling, R. P. Hastey of Chicago. os Won Housing Bill Passed NOUGH Democratic senators switched their votes on the Lodge prevailing wages amendment to the housing bill, so the senate by a vote of 42 to 40 adopted the con- ference report on the housing bill and the measure went to the White House for the President's approval. This was the first item on the ad- ministration's program to be enact- ed since the special session was called November 15 last. The measure provides for govern- costing up to $16,000. bor leaders are disputing as to the effect it will scales in the residential industry. ponents of the measure said it would At any rate, with organized labor. wr Generals Versus Nazis CCORDING to dispatches from Berlin a crisis is pending be- tween the high officers of the Ger- man army and the Nazi government leaders. The gener- als brought things to a focus by forcing the resignation of Marshal Werner von Blomberg, war min- ister, because he had married the daughter of a car- penter, That, of course, was a minor affair, but it empha- sized the split be- tween the army clique and the Nazi party chieftains concerning the con- trol of the Reich's armed forces. It was said Hitler was considering following Mussolini's example and himself taking over the war port- folio. All this leads to a revival of the reports current in diplomatic cir- cles that the army set may try to ease Hitler into virtual retirement, revive the monarchy and make the duke of Windsor the kaiser of Ger- many. When all the circumstances are considered, this isn’t as foolish as it may sound at first, Admiral Claude Charles Bloch, shown above, Ras assumed com- mand of the United States fleet, succeeding Admiral Hepburn. The transfer was made at San Pedro, Calif. ’ - A. F. of L.'s Big Offer EEKING to organize the purchas- ing power of its members be- hind manufacturers who employ them, and to undermine the posi- i Federation in its Miami convention | promised to spend $6,000,000,000. | annually on goods made or serviced | by federation affiliates. Officials ex- plained that what was wanted was | agreement with as many manufac- turers as possible to sign contracts with the federation unions in re- turn for a guaranteed market. The | union label trades department has | sent a brochure to business men to enlist their support. First step in the drive will be a “momentous national educational campaign,” President William Green said. This will be marked by a national exhibition of prod- ucts and services of A. F. of L. af- filiates which will be held in Cin- cinnati May 16 to 21. The federation's executive council indorsed a proposed change in the | Wagner labor relations act that | would insure to the members of craft unions within an industry the | right to elect their own collective | bargaining representatives. The United Mine Workers, of | which John L. Lewis is president, voted unanimously at their Wash- ington convention to oppose any change in the act. ne Franco's Program ENERALISSIMO FRANCO, | chief of the Spanish rebels and | now the dictator-president, has cre- | ated a cabinet to administer the | wo geome territory he controls and announced the policies of the gov- ernment thus: A labor charter, “based on the work- ing class,” and pro- viding separate un- ions for workers, technicians and em- ployers. | A press statute | guaranteeing free- Gen. Franco 4... of the press. Municipal organization for effi- | cient local government. A public works program for re- | and an agrarian plan for loans to farmers and “judicious redistribu- | Revision of legislation created by the republic. A freign policy based on *‘peace compatible with the dignity of great peoples.” A financial program claiming *‘all that belonged to Spanish soil as well as treasures which have been stolen from Spain.” ee Navy Fliers Perish D URING the naval maneuvers off the southern California coast two navy planes collided 70 miles from Point Loma, and ten of the men aboard lost their lives. Three were rescued from the sea and taken aboard the battleship Tennes- see. Bodies of eight of the victims were quickly recovered. Only small bits of wreckage were found. League Asks Aid for China MEMBERS of the League of Na- tions were asked by the coun- cil to consider whether they can lend individual aid to China in its war with Japan. Dr. V. K. Wellington Koo, China's chief delegate, urged the league to halt Japan's campaign and assure a just settlement of the conflict through the co-operation of peace- loving countries. “So long as Japanese aggression in the Far East is permitted to rage unrestrained, so long will the peace of Europe remain precarious and general European settlement will be difficult of realization,” he said. Japs Raid Our Salmon Beds NTHONY J. DIMOND, delegate from Alaska, told a house com- mittee that Japanese fishing opera- tions in Bristol! bay, off the Alaskan coast, will utterly ruin the salmon fishing industry there if allowed to continue, Some years ago the Japanese in- vaded the waters of Bristol bay, Dimond said. They denied they were packing salmon, but were interested merely in ‘experimental’ work. In 1936, however, American merchant seamen observed a Japanese steam- er apparently packing salmon, Last year the Japanese began to op- erate there in earnest, establishing floating canneries. Dimond is sponsor of a bill to ex- tend the jurisdiction of the United States over the waters adjacent to the Alaskan coast in order to pre- vent illicit fishing operations by for- eign nationals. wy Japan Warns Foreigners APAN'S embassy in Shanghai is sued a warning to foreigners to evacuate more than 100,000 square miles in central China “in view of the possibility of extensive oper- ations.” This meant the battle north of the Yangtze river, which was fast developing into what promised to be the decisive battle of the war. The Japanese reported their troops had occupied Chefoo on the Shantung peninsula and that their planes had bombarded the Amoy area between Shanghai and Hong Kong. wees fs Rush Deferse Plan Bill EADERS in congress lost no ~ time in carrying forward the national defense program which President Roosevelt had offered in a special message. Legislation to au- thorize the expendi- ture of $800,000,000 in naval construc- tion was introduced immediately in both the house and sen- ate, and steps were taken to provide the require- ments of the army. It was predicted the Carl Vinson 0 Bld pass the expansion bill by the middle of Chairman Carl Vinson of Georgia called together his house naval af- fairs committee and began hearings on the measure, certain that it would be reported favorably with little delay. The President in his message rec- ommended: That the present naval building program be increased 20 per cent. That congress authorize two ad- ditional battleships and two cruisers during 1938. That congress authorize $8,800,000 for additional anti-aircraft equip- That congress provide for better establishment of an enlisted reserve That congress legislate to prevent profiteering in war-time and to equalize the burdens of possible War. Opposition to the bill in the house was expected to come from certain members from the middle western states. Tinkham of Massachusetts it was one of offense, not defense, and that the President was prepar- ing to get the United States into the League of Nations. Senators Vandenberg of Michigan and Frazier of North Dakota de- manded that Mr. Roosevelt make public the foreign policy he expects to follow behind increased arma- ments. we HERE was great rejoicing in the Netherlands when Crown Prin- cess Juliana gave birth to a baby girl who some day may become the third queen of the country. The in- fant was promptly baptized, being given the name of Beatrix Wilhel- o_o Troubles in Egypt OUNG King Farouk of Egypt is having difficulty in maintaining Mohammad Pashe after the resignation of Mustafa Na- has, Nationalist leader. The other day the followers of Nahas created a bad riot in Cairo, and King Farouk thereupon dissolved parliament and ordered a general election. ms Democrat in Stiewer's Seat gon unexpired 11 months of the term of Sen. Frederick Stiewer, who re- tice. Mr. Reames, a lawyer sixty- first Democratic senator from Ore- gon since 1921. He is chairman of the executive committee of the Democratic state central commit- tee. He will not seek to succeed himself in the senate. ros Jackson Gets Reed's Place R OBERT H. JACKSON, assistant attorney general, was nominat- ed by the President to be solicitor general of the United States. He succeeds Stanley Reed, whose ap- pointment to the Supreme court was confirmed by the senate. Jackson has been much in the headlines lately because of his speeches at- tacking business and his avowed in tention to seek the governorship of New York. NATIONAL PRESS BLI Washington.—It has been stated frequently that 90 per cent of the - residents of Wash- Washington ington are located News here because it is the site and seat of the federal government. In oth- er words, Washington is a great city because it is the capital of the nation. The statement is not com- pletely the truth, but a bare analysis by whomever made cannot fail to demonstrate that there are thou- gands who live in Washington for the reasons mentioned. In consequence of this condition, therefore, Washington news does not get into the newspapers of the country as does other news. The Washington date line in ninety-nine out of each hundred cases is over a story that deals with some phase of government or politics. Since Washingtonians have no vote, Washing cannot be in poli- wa i one Mftonians Nevertheless news about of interest to all i arly true as lately devel- in point as a » fg Moreover, the case holds a lesson for the country whole Lately, cong ssed a law tablishing i1 wage women workers in the District $a tit ia glalule was The ium was because which the y DO s did not itical dyna- want to dent by going too So the District is left a rather wide ch to build its ure m wage struct Washingtonians, the les nation board started out to hold hearings to obtain facts about the wage level and what was need- ed by the women workers. Stenog- raphers, ffice workers, clerks in glores a and that and the other tvpe of employed women. Fi- nally, the board got around to wait- res and their wages. That was where the lid blew off, because who does not know that waitresses col- lect considerable money in tips? Promptly, up bobbed a red hot ques- 4 +} : nag Nis Leg monthly ‘take’ in tips be consid- resses? Well, the question has not been settled yet and even when an order is issued, it will not have been set- tled. It will go on and on and there will be some racketeers who will or- ganize a society or something to fight for exclusion of tips as part of the wage, if that be the order. If the board eventually decides to exclude tips and fix wage without regard to tips, employers will carry on a drum fire of criticism about it. Why? Because the question strikes at the very heart of the relationship between employer and worker. much of a return for his or her la- bor as can be obtained. Any em- ployer feels equally that he is en- titled to obtain needed labor as cheaply as is possible. The wait- resses, therefore, took the position that the proprietor had no right to consider the tips as a part of the wage. On the other hand, the pro- prietor — probably with the same justification — said in effect that without the job the waitress will not get tips, and that the owner who takes the risk ought to be allowed to count those tips as part of the compensation. * * » Further, the customers of the res- taurant were entitled to some con- sid~ ration, said the proprietors. That is, they ar- gued that the cus- tomers were charged prices for food and service that would yield the proprietor a fair profit. The tips, it was held, were gratuities on the Consider Customers in amount, some large, some small. If the wage rate was to be raised and the tips excluded-—somebody would have to pay more for food. The waitresses used the argument that the tips were gratuities, just as the owners did, but since they are gratuities, said the waitresses, in no wise was it fair to include them in the wage scale. And so the argument went! But the lesson remains. No better il- lustration is possible, I think, than the Washington waitress wage con- troversy; there is no better way to show how utterly silly it is for government to mess into private af- fairs. Whenever government sticks its hooked nose into private affairs, just there begins an unbalancing of human nature. That is to say, there is no substitute for negotiation be- tween humans, each inately fair, each desirous of gaining justice ac- cording to his light. Budget Lace Has a Lavish Appearauice There's loveliness righi. at your fingertips! A filet lace cloth that's easy to crochet of everyday string, and quite the must beauti- ful ever! The two 10 inch come panion squares are delightful to- gether, yet one could be repeated and used without the other. It protection of rights that are portant rights of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness. It can and dividuals where such can not protect themselves. matters of earning a living, in my opinion, has no place. is necessary. Such organization ing, because it has the strike. And in all probability, ing of wages will hurt more than help labor. + » * Vhile on the subject of expansion of government into every cranberry patch, it is inter- esting to note that the Butting Into Business like gov of makin I think time would very much anything tangible open newest of The thoug 8 group of so- called presidenti 1 is that 1.3 -_ start businesses will be in- of "the great banking short, it is proposed that federal uld be equipped to government si make a loan of ten 11 manufacturer and etc. It is thousand to a s etic new governmental agency created to handle this work so that be done and with an understanding. It all comes apparently the fact that the present ad- ninistration after abhtst about has discovered, great monopolies or trusts or some- tions in existence. They have found that these monopolies are in control so far that the little fellow in busi- ness can not borrow money when he needs it to carry on his business. Something must be done for them, or else they can not have the more abundant life of plenty President Roosevelt has become intensely interested in having busi- ness become owned'’ or something of the kind. He has shown, for example, in his shots at utility holding companies how much he likes the type of operating com- pany that serves its patrons and doesn't mix up in the tangle of corporations that operate in more than .one town or city. They are good, according to the President, and they ought to have considera- tion. It might be that federal money loaned to them would save them from bankruptcy—or it might be that if they can’t make a go of their business, they will go bankrupt any- way. If the federal government had a loan and a mortgage on their as- sets, they would become federal- owned after foreclosure. That sure- ly would be one way for the fed- eral government to enter the public utility business. It is just a possi- bility, I mean. + “home . - Every now and then some infor- mation leaks out about “emergency action’’ that was taken by govern- ment officials dur- ing the hectic days of the Hoover depression as distinguished from the Roosevelt de- pression. (The depression that was on when President Roosevelt took office in 1833 was labeled the Hoo- ver depression in New Deal propa- ganda.) One of these incidents came out before the senate committee on public lands the other day. The committee was investigating the nomination of E. K. Burlew to be assistant secretary of the interior, and that formed the basis of an in- quiry into general practices of the Department of the Interior which is headed by Secretary Ickes. Mr. Burlew was answering ques- tions as to how the department spent much of the three or four bil- lion dollars appropriated to it for public works. Those were pump priming appropriations, if you re- member, although as far as I can see the water has not started com- ing out of the pump yet. Anyway, Mr. Burlew let the fact drop thet Secretary Ickes had bought two new automobiles in 1933. He said the purchases were due to the “‘emer- gency” and, of course, money for them came from the emergency ap- propriations. Senator Stiewer of Oregon asked what was meant by the “emergency.” “*Weil, the secretary wanted the cars, and that was the emergency,” Mr. Burlew replied amid laughter room. n he JOM, Newspaper Union. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers