Where Was John Lewis? W ILLIAM GREEN, president of the American Federation of Labor, emerged as the administra- tion’s favorite son in matters affect- ing labor as he was permitted vir- tually to write his own amendments to the house version of the wages and hours bill. The senate had passed the bill, 56 to 23, only after President Roosevelt had called Green to the White House and per- suaded him to give lukewarm ap- proval to the measure, with the un- derstanding that the house would amend it. Southern Democrats in the senate, led by Pat Harrison of Mississippi, bitterly opposed the bill, but their motion to recommit it to committee was defeated, 48 to 36. The same vigorous opposition was expected from Dixie's representatives in the house labor committee, but the “Green amendments’ (so called be- cause of the federation president's complete domination of the commit- tee meeting) patched up the essen- tial differences. The bill, as passed by the senate, would create a labor standards board empowered to set minimum wages up to 40 cents an hour and maximum work weeks down to 40 hours. The house committee had intended to extend the limits to per- mit the board to set wages at 70 cents and hours as low as 35. Un- der Green's influence the house com- ure, but the scope of the board was which would permit it to deal only with employers who maintain “sweatshops” and ‘starvation wages'' through fake collective bar- gaining agencies. The “Green brief are: 1. Board jurisdiction over wages and hours in any industry only if it finds that collective bargaining agreements do not cover a sufficient number of employees or facilities amendments’ in fective. ards established by collective bar- gaining in any occupation as prima facie evidence of appropriate stand- ards in that occupation. 3. Board cannot alter wage-hour standards already prevailing in oc- cupation in community considered, or establish classification in any cornmunity which affects adverse ly the prevailing standard in the same or other communities. 4. Industries are protected against prison-made goods. 5. “Label provision” of original act is eliminated to protect indus- try from what is considered a nui- sance. 6. Government work is removed from the board's control and placed under the Walsh-Healey act. Chairman Mary T. Norton (D., N. J.) of the labor committee indicat- ed the bill would be brought up in the house under a special rule and speedily passed. anion $700,000,000 for Housing H AVING disposed of wages and hours legislation, the senate took up the Wagner-Steagall low- cost housing bill. This would au- thorize the flotation of a $700,000,000 bond issue by a United States hous- ing authority. To meet operating ex- penses of the pro- gram’s first year, $26,000,000 would be appropriated imme- diately. The pro- posed bond issue was cut from $1.- 000,000,000 as a com- promise with the Treasury depart- ment, which objected to so high a figure. The bill would aid low-cost hous- ing projects in two ways. It would make loans to the full amount of contracted projects, aiding the re- payment of the loans by direct grants if the sponsors kept rents suf- ficiently low; or it would make di- rect grants net to exceed 25 per cent of the cost of a project. Under this latter method, the President would be authorized to make an ad- ditional 15 per cent grant from re- lief funds, to be used only for the employment of labor. Sponsors would be required to contribute at least 20 per cent of the cost. The housing authority would also be permitted to spend $25,000,000 on demonstration projects to illustrate to communities the benefits of elimi- nating slums and providing ade- quate housing at low cost. The proj- ects would be sold *‘as soon as practical” to local housing agencies. Over the protest of administration leaders, including Senator Wagner and Majority Leader Barkley, the senate adopted an amendment by Harry F. Byrd (D., Va.) limiting the cost of the housing projects to $4,000 a family or $1,000 a room. Wagner objected, principally on the grounds that this would not be suf- ficient for projects in New York city, where it is believed much of the money will be spent. Sen, Wagner ickarnd A. F. of L's WILLIAM GREEN + « « leaves White House with a smile. U. S. Keeps Naval Pace JNDICATIONS were that both the United States and Great Britain would embark upon unusually large peacetime naval building programs in 1938. Britain, according to reports in London, will lay the keels for from three to five battleships, six or seven cruisers and a proportionate quota of destroyers, submarines and smaller craft, to surpass the 1937 total of 664,000 tons, a peacetime record. It was also reported that personnel would be increased ulti- mately by 125,000. With the placing of additional 1937 contracts, Britain will soon have 110 vessels under construction. These will include: 5 battleships of 35,000 tons, 5 aircraft carriers, 8 cruisers of 9,000 to 10,000 tons, 5 cruisers of 8,000 tons, 7 cruisers of 5,300 tons, 16 superdestroyers of 1,650 tons, 18 submarines of from 540 to 1,520 tons, 12 sloops and 10 motor torpedo boats. Armament of the five new battle- ships will include 10 or 12 new type 14-inch guns, 12 to 16 4- or 4.7-inch anti-aircraft guns and numerous light machine guns. Upper deck armor will be specially strength- ened against airplane bombs and bridges and turrets will proof. Admiral William D. Leahy, chief acting secretary of Uncle Sam's na- vy, said in Washington that con- gress will be asked to provide funds The conference fiscal year. in a press that ning extensive naval building. Flee from the Rising Sun V AR was still officially unde- | clared, but all signs indicated that Japan was making ready to | long-term conflict in | China and a. the Chinese ou everywhere with- advance of the Japanese army. Steady streams of refugees pouring out of the area while they had the chance revealed the opinion of masses of people that a great war was inevitable. Tokyo was the front. In the Fengtai-Lukouchiao district North that preparing to the Gen, Chiang Kai-shek hurrying soldiers to Japanese troops massed for an at. tack upon five divisions of China's central government army, number- ing approximately 60,000. Including the remnants of the twenty-ninth army, driven from Peiping by the | Japanese, there were said to be 100,000 Chinese Both sides were | well equipped with airplanes. Further evidence of Japan's ex- | pectation of real war were the sweeping changes in military per- sonnel made after a conference be- tween Premier Konoye and Emper- or Hirohito. Four new division com- manders were named, as well as a new commander for the island of Formosa. It was regarded as sig- nificant that all of the new ap- pointees were soldiers with exten give experience in China. The gov- ernment was attempting to push through an appropriation of $115,- 000,000 for operations in North China. In a desperate effort to stem the invaders, Gen. Chiang Kai-shek, dic- tator of China and commander of the Chinese army, summoned into conference at Nanking, national capital, the warlords and governors of important provinces. Plans were made to throw hundreds of thou- sands of soldiers at the Japanese. The provincial rulers apparently were only too anxious, Chow En- lai, representing 100,000 communist troops, said his men were willing to become an advance guard for the major Chinese offensive. Nation- wide military conscription was be- ing conducted apace. Japanese newspapers reported that a resolution to sever all re- lations with Japan was before the Chinese political council for consid- eration. The fear that gripped Nan- king was illustrated by the govern- ment's publication of warnings against giving away military se- crets, and the warnings which were given government officials to get their families out into the hinter- lands where they might be safe from enemy bombers. Civilians in China needed no warning. Thousands upon thousands were lined up at the railroad sta- tions in Shanghai and in Nanking; many were women carrying child- ren and what belongings they could not bear to leave behind. Thou- sands of Japanese civilians in China packed the docks awaiting ships which would carry them safely back to their homeland. As columns of Japanese soldiers pressed forward to meet advancing troops from Nanking, there was no doubt that hostilities would con- tinue to spread southward. It was expected a real battle would ensue when the two columns came within striking distance. Russia protested vigorously to the Japanese embassy in Nanking against the “pillaging of the Russian consulate by White Russian ruffians assisted by Japanese.” The Japa- nese denied that any of their coun- trymen were implicated and ridi- culed the idea that the Japanese planned any future attacks against ticn is about to begin on two other which will cost approx- imately $60,000,000. * Caribbean sea when luxurious new fly- in the lost 20 miles off Canal Zone, crashed after Ecuador. he was trying to spiral down to the surface of the sea in a torrential rainstorm. Two United States submarines, cruising the area in the hope of picking up some survivors, found part casing, a few other parts and a bucket of ice cream floating in the water. It was feared the pilot, co- pilot, steward and 11 passengers, mostly Americans, were locked in the cabin and lying on the bottom of the sea, which at the point the wreckage was found reaches a a. A S THE battle of Madrid con- 4 tinued to rage, Gen. Francisco Franco's eastern army was driving an ever-widening wedge into the ter- ritory near the junction of Teruel, Cuenca and Valencia provinces 100 miles east of Madrid. His object is to impose a barrier between Ma- capital at Valencia. Government forces all along the line of advance were reported sur- rendering or fleeing. Insurgents claimed to have captured large num- bers of automobiles and supplies cf arms, munitions and clothing. Latest news from the Madrid front Usera sector southeast of the city ners and dynamiters. nln El Caudillo Is the Boss NSURGENT Spain has a “head him now. Rebel Spain Francisco has Franco “El leader.” by raising the right arm. never announced just what form of government he will propose for the nation. There is said to be a scheme afoot to shape it along the lines of Portugal's corporative government. Since he openly declared on July 19 that he believes the restoration of a monarchy is vital to cohesion of Spain, it is believed that this is what he will eventually effect. Prince Juan, third son of the former King Alfonso XIII, is the likely candidate for the crown. wn en Women Hear War Cry NE of China's chief agitators for war was Mme. Chiang Kai- shek, Wellesley-educated wife of the dictator. She urged women to fight Japan *‘according to their ability,” citing the fashion in which the wom- en of Spain are occupying the fight- ing lines. “In the World war the women of every country gave their best,” she declared. “The women of China are no less patriotic or capable of phys ical endurance. “China is facing the gravest crisis in its history. This means we must sacrifice many of our soldiers, masses of our innocent people, much of the nation’s wealth and see ruthlessly destroyed the results of Russian consulates. Ask Me Another A Quiz With Answers Offering Information on Various Subjects 1. What causes leaves to change color in autumn? 2. Who said, “It is much easier to be critical than to be correct’? 3. Which are the lightest birds in proportion to their size that fly? , 4. There were how many sign- ers of the Declaration of In- dependence? 5. What is the total number of war medals that have been given to soldiers? Which medal was most widely distributed? 6. Are car colors restricted in Japan? Answers 1. Gradual formation of cells at the stem of the leaf finally shuts off the supply of chlorophyll, or green coloring matter, and starts the formation of the gaudy autumnal colors. 2. The expression was used by Benjamin Disraeli in the house of commons on January 24, 1860, 3. The birds with great powers of flight, such as the sea-gull, are the lightest birds to fly, The com- mon gull weighs only a quarter of a pound. Its bones are hollow and filled with air. 4. There were 56 signers of the! Declaration of Independence. 5. The total of medals on record | at the War department is 1,543.- 721. The Victory medal, issued after the World war, is the most widely distributed. 6. In Japan only imperial house- | hold cars may be painted maroon, | and no cars except hearses may | be painted yellow, which to the | natives signifies mourning. Smile In Line of Duty Jones had occasion to repri mand his wife. “l think,” he said, soothingly, “that you fib a little occasionally.” “Well, I think it's a wife's duty. 1 spoke well of you.” Called upon at the wedding sup- per, the happy groom arose and sald: “I'm-—er—happy to say Cross word in all our—er—married life.” Noble Cause “Father,” said Willie, “will you who is crying outside?” “Certainly,” replied father. “He's crying: ‘Ice cream-—a penny each,” "’ said Willie, having got the penny. designed. FIRESTONE AUTO RADIO 6 All-Metsl Taubes « B* Dynamic Speaker. Seve up to $20.00 39% Incledes enivensal BATTERIES DO YOU KNOW ren? to unsafe pe dl COLLECTING LIQUID RUBBER ON FIRESTONE PLANTATIONS iN LIBERIA An everincressing supply of rubber comes from these plantations. Savings made by controlling raw materiale and by more efficient mane. facturing and disribotdon make extra values possible 81 no extra cost. PRICES AS LOW AS G40 Firestone STANDARD FOR PASSENGER CARS 4.50.2098.70}|5.50.17 12.50 4.5021 9.05(1550.18 12.95 4.7519 9.85}(5.50.19 13.10 4.7520 9.88§}l6.00.16 13.96 5.00.19 10.30/|6.25.16 15.68 5.25.17 11.00}1650.16 17.28 525.18 1% 7.00.16 18.70 Firestone SENTINEL 4.40.21 95.68 4.75-19 $6.70 4.50.20 6.08 5.00.19 7.20 45021 $.3§||52518 8.00 OTHER SLES PRICED PROPORTIONATILY LOW Firestone COURIER 4.4021 95.43]14.7519 86.37 45021 6.03
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers