News Review A By EDWARD W. PICKARD ALIDATION of the social secu- rity act by the Supreme court was most pleasing to President the general opinion that this would put a stop to his pro- gram for enlarge- ment of the highest tribunal. He more than intimated in a press conference that the fight for his court bill would be fought to a finish and that he was not sat- isfied with the ap- Raymond parently slender Moley “liberal” majority in the court, since a number of im- portant administration policies are still to be passed upon by the Su- preme court. He cited four issues raised by the new wages and hours bill, namely, child labor, minimum wages, maximum hours, and the question whether goods produced un- der unfair practices can be regulat- ed by the government. He also men- control on the Ohio watershed, the right of municipalities to borrow federal funds to construct electric light plants, and whether the gov- ernment can condemn property for a housing program. One of those who believe President's court plan is doomed to defeat is Raymond Moley, for- mer head of the “brain trust.” Ad- dressing the Illinois Bankers' con- vention in Chicago, Dr. Moley scathingly attacked the schem “The President,” said, ‘has spoken of the dangers of a govern- ment of men. Well, there is some- thing worse than a government of men; it is a government by a man. “Most and ¥ ne law all constitutional unlovely tendency in rulers to lose their heads in the intoxication of power. ‘ have contributed to the defeat of the President's proposal to violate in this way the spirit of the constity tion. The cl dominating the court helped. Th ing of the attorney general's cere, tics by chief justice The ret ment of helped, too. “But behind all this has been slow and powerful surge of publ people prefer titutional institutions ipredictabl very popular leaders." 1 phy majority opinion has 8 insubstantial etn er. INAL passage of the $1,500,000, 000 work relief bill by the house was delayed by rebellion against the practice of ‘“‘writing blank checks” which give the President and Harry Hopkins power to spend relief funds as they deem fit. The opponents of this policy found in the revolt a chance to obtain a lot of “pork” by the earmarking of more than half a billion from the total appropriation for projects that would get votes. In a day of wild debate these major changes in bill were voted: $55,000,000 to be set flood control and water tion work $300,000,000 to be ‘“‘earmarked” for PWA projects. $150,000,000 to be spent on high- way and grade crossing elimination projects. Authority to use work - relief money for construction of power lines into rural sections for non- profit and co - operative groups. Unskilled and agricultural work- ers who refuse private jobs will be ineligible for work-relief as long as a private job is available. $1 lid Utility ONTINUING its vigorous cam- paign to organize the steel in- dustry, the C. 1. O. called out on strike the employees of the inde- pendent companies that refused to sign contracts for collective bar- gaining. These companies were In- land Steel, Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. More than 20 plants employing about 85,- 000 men were involved. Philip Mur- ray, chairman of the organizing committee, said it was the purpose of the committee to conduct the strike peacefully. In the Chicago district police arrested a number of men for violating the rule against mass picketing and for other of- fenses, and there was some trouble in Buffalo. Employees of the Sharon Steel corporation followed the example of those of the Jones & Laughlin con- cern and voted in favor of the S. W. O. C. by a large majority, so the C I. O. gets contracts from those companies. Operations in the huge Pittsburgh plant of the H. J. Heinz company were interrupted by a strike of the Canning and Pickle Workers’ union. The strikers demanded a 10 per cent wage increase and recognition of 5 the union, an A. F. of L. affiliate, as sole bargaining agency. ff ORD employees at the Rouge plant, Detroit, took matters into their own hands and severely pum- meled a number of U,. A. W. A. men who undertook to distribute at the plant gates handbills designed to offset the ‘‘Fordisms’’ card that had been given Henry's workers. Among the union men beaten up were Wal- ter Reuther, R. T. Frankensteen, J. J. Kennedy and Robert Canter. Frankensteen telegraphed John Bro- phy, director of the Committee for Industrial Organization, at Washing- ton, asking: “Will the C. 1. O. co-operate in simultaneous nationwide demonstra- tion before Ford salesrooms to pro- test brutality at Ford's today and establish the right to organize?” At the same time a strike of C. plant at Richmond, Calif., forcing 1,800 workers into idleness. cal union head there all the that beginning, possibly to Ford plants. H EADS of unions affiliated the A. F. of L., meeting in Cincinnati with President William Green and the executive council, plans to combat O. One of their first steps, it was cated, is to invasion © own union, t! \ ed Mine Workers of America, William Green ed lvania and the soft coal fie rginia, where there is cons ble opposition to Lewis United Gar t We ed Cle oldney Lewis in the Cincinnat P. Frey, veterar federation’ ILS pag were dis fore they ¥ ~ office, i ’ Bows a. were discussed in Lewis’ in a message asked congress to enact a new law for the benefit of workers in interstate industries, reg- ulating the hours of i] work, the wages and r the employment of children. Immedi- ately after it was read, Chairman Hu- go L. Black of the senate labor com- mittee and Chair- man William R. Connery of the house labor commit- tee introduced iden- tical bills designed special MS President. The measure had been agreed upon in conferences at the White House and was promptly re- ferred to committees with prospect of quick action. It had been ap- proved by John L. Lewis, head of the C. 1. O., but since laws setting minimum wages for men have al- ways been opposed by leaders of the American Federation of Labor, it was considered probable that orga- nization would not like the bill. The twin bills originally had pro- posed a forty hour maximum week and a 40 cents an hour minimum wage. But, at the last moment, these limits were eliminated and spaces in the measures left blank for congress to fill, TANLEY BALDWIN, prime min- \J ister of Great Britain, enter- tained the king and queen at dinner and then retired from his high of- fice. He is succeeded as head of the government by Neville Chamberlain, who has been chancellor of the ex- chequer, and a few other changes in the cabinet were made. If another war comes, the British empire will not be caught unpre- pared. The imperial conference in London turned its attention to this matter and a special committee was formed to organize all the empire's resources for an instant shift to war footing if that becomes necessary. A subcommittee studied the prob- lem of American competition with British shipping in the Pacific. Brit- ish ship owners charge that the Americans are driving them out of business there because the latter are heavily subsidized. JAN FRANCISCO put on a wonder- fully brilliant festival to cele- brate the opening of the Golden Gate bridge, the fulfillment of the city’s dream of half a century. The battle fleet of the United States navy was there, and so were representa- tives of the states, of numerous cities and of many foreign nations. Automobile cavalcades from Ore- gon, Utah, Wyoming, Mexico and Canada, as well as from parts of California, joined in the great pa- rade, with bands, floats and fiesta units, John Thomas, noted baritone, and a cast of 3,000 presented a pageant depicting the history of California and the West, and a week- long program of sports events was begun, The Golden Gate bridge is a single deck suspension bridge, the longest single clear span in the world. It is 6,450 feet in length from end to end, and 4,200 feet center to center of piers. It crosses over San Francisco bay at a height of 250 feet and con- nects San Francisco by highway di- rectly with the redwood empire of Northern California. HE social security act, which President Roosevelt considers the soul of the New Deal, is consti- tutional, in the opinion of a major- ity of the Supreme court. The unem- ployment insurance provisions of the law were upheld by five of the justices, Van Devanter, Butler, McReynolds and Sutherland dissent- ing. The old age pension provisions were declared con- stitutional by all the Justices except Suth- erland and Van De- vanter. Justice Cardozo wrote the two ma- Justice Cardozo delivered them on his sixty-seventh F Administration leaders they completely justified the President's broad interpretation of the general welfare clause of the his policy of ex- tending federal power, and it would seem that this is true. In another 5 to 4 1 dec] and decision the upheld the Alabama state un- employment act, declar- of unemployment a unciion. urance another opinion was handed by five of the justices, up- Wisconsin's law prohibiting oof ¢ aceful icket. aga peaceful picket disputes. study of th ral experts w eh of his fy fr said John D. to his secre garden of his at Ormond Beach. went to bed, soon feil into a coma, and a few hours later passed away, peace- lly and painlessly. wish to liv one years old fulfilled, but would have iinety-eight on July 8 pext. Thus died the man who, starting with a $4.50 a week job, fought John DD. Rocke feller, Sr. his way to and built up one of the biggest pri vate fortunes ever recorded. Disturbed by ill health, John D. retired from active business in 1911. Some time before that he had switched from accumulating wealth to giving it away. done systematically, and represent. atives of the family interests esti- mate that his own benefactions be- tween the years 1885 and 1934, both inclusive, totaled $530,853,632, at Pocantico Hills, Tarrytown, N. conducted by Dr. Harry Emerson day the oil king was laid to rest in Lake View cemetery, Cleveland, be- side his wife who died 22 years ago. Only two of Mr. Rockefeller’s chil- dren survive him. They are John D. Rockefeller, Jr., head of the busi. ness since the father retired, and Alta, wife of E. Parmalee Prentice. There are eight grandsons and five granddaughters. OVIET Russia is planning to es- tablish regular airplane connec- tion with the United States by way of the Arctic ocean, and in pur- suance of the plan is building an air base on the ice within a few miles of the North pole. Four scientists have been landed there from a plane which first flew over the pole, and they will remain on the floe for a year, keeping in connection with the world by a powerful radio. They have named the floating ice field “Comrade Stalin's Land.”” The con- templated air route will be from Moscow to San Francisco. | NATIONAL PRESS BLDG frequently columns the Washington.—1 have mentioned in these problems have and continue Business Problems to merce and industry of the United States. However one may regard the ethics of the business interests of the nation, I think everyone must admit that business has its prob- Jems that are just as serious as the job of earning a living is to you or me. This has been especially true during the period of the depression and it is equally true at this stage of economic recovery. Business, moreover, is affected to a greater extent than you or me by any gos nental policy that is pur- sued or legislation acted by congr legislative bodies. In consequence, it seems to be fair statement to lives by the will the elected rep- whether those repre- state or na- ons should dem- nportance of one now pending in the so called Seldom in as a single uni If in a pesitior utterly dependent its existence with those eight- hat refine 11 nt of all s from Cuba. Rico and Hawaii are ories of our nation y m ve consideration as ntegral part of our nation. The ines are no interest, or should be, With reference to Cul ng has atten islands econo in order to dence which our 1 to establish, » » * natio INVOIN preoiem T here's Sugar questions (1) a home in try; (2) an in try in an in possession; (3) in a nation newly born trying to lead complete inde- and industry which we are into a position of pendence and solvency, for feels of sugar supply in a nation which government yet somewhat responsible. That summary indicates the com- our be dealt with in the current legisla- important unit in the industry. I re- fer again to those plants who must refine the sugar and must make it ready for home use or other consumption. To make the picture complete, it ought to be recalled that for sev- eral years we have had a tempo- rary law which fixed the amount of sugar that could be imported. It was managed through what is called a quota system; that is, the law provided authority for the secretary of agriculture to prescribe how much sugar could come in from each of the regions that I have described. This had the effect of stabilizing sugar prices and guar- anteeing to the cane and beet grow- ers of the United States a depend- able market. But it had another ef- fect which was shown by the opers- tion of the law, an effect not so painfully evident when the law was enacted. This effect was to encour age the refining of sugar in the areas outside of the United States where the bulk of it was grown. In consequence of that, our own sugar refiners began to suffer and they continued to suffer because refiners operating in Cuba or Hawaii, to mention two examples, were able to employ labor that cost about one-fourth as much as the standard of wages paid in this country. The result was that our own workers were thrown out of jobs and the refining industry was run- ning at barely two-thirds of its capacity. To show by figures what has hap- pened: Imports of sugar, ready for use came from Cuba to the of about one thousand tons in 19825. In 1833, more than fiv thousand tons of refined sugar was imported. It has grown some and for every ton im- ported, y the refining plants had their vol- since ume re legislation hat is fair to all interests but it seems that some Fair to All interests Interests are desirous of us- io foreign those because over which surface, sidered ar that the three executive at loggerheads and as far the three is protection vho have » upper and versations sec- use come studied the prob- forward con- had better » three cab- of whom is ard the in- can be atement; i » the sug- is country gs more than two so by limitation on the d sugar that can d it can the et growers of the United tablishing a que of it can dc protect sugar ug home market to absorb the plete output of the American and I reach ti am an a self-sufficienc come- cane beet growers at conc A American lusion because I who believes in y of American in- dustry as far as it is possible to go. I take fi because intry in the its home in- irther world * rl vers has realized late- at pn are ci ing at an - alarming rate. Prices "his has gone on Climbing ver a period of al two years and there is nothing on the horizon to indicate that the top been reached or that prices are becom- ing stabiliz and 1 feel it, in what we pay we buy-—-shoes or furniture, and es- household. The situation is a bit disturbing has ed. You for the thi if prices continue to skyrocket, soon- fronted with another condition like that of 1929 and no one can doubt that if prices get too high, a tail spin will follow. If there is another tailspin like that of 1929, I am afraid that this nation as such is likely to go to pieces. Numerous factors are at work to cause the price increases. New Deal policies were formulated, first of all, with the idea of raising prices to bring us out of the depression. President Roosevelt contended it had to be that way. His program to force prices high- er has been eminently successful. In fact, it has been too successful and in that lies one of the grave dangers. Effective means of control are lacking and there is every pos- sibility that the upward movement may reach the stage where it will fall of its own weight. Another cause of the price infla- tion has been the labor movement. Throughout the nation, organized la- bor has been demanding higher and higher wages. 1 think there can be no doubt but that labor is entitied to higher wages than ob- tained during the depresssion. But in many cases, according to gov- ernment records, the demands of organized labor have been so great as to constitute a burden on indus- try which it cannot . © Western Newspaper | TOusEhold ® @ Questions Season Lightly — Be careful when doubling a recipe not to double the seasoning. Use it spar- ingly at first, then add more if needed, Glazing Liquid for Cookies— Aa mixture of two tablespoons of sug. ar and one-fourth cup of milk mrkes a good glazing liquid for cookies. Apply on the surface of the dough with a pastry brush ve- fore baking the cookies. . * »* Keeps Cauliffiower White—2A ta- blespoon of sugar in the water in which caulifiower is cooked will keep it white, . W * To Keep Frosting From Run- ning—A half { bak ing soda added to boiling frost will keep it teaspoonful of k- fren 11 y JOM running Coleman Wy STP {els} LIGHTS INSTANTLY-NO WAITING Here's the iron that will “smooth your way on ironing day”. It will save your strength ~.help you do better ironing easier and Quicker Lt less cont. A Real Instant Lighting Iron . . . no beating with matches. . no waiting, The evenly bested double pointed base irons gurments with fewer strokes, Large gisse-emooth base hides easter Lroning tite is reduced one-third. Hests itaelf ««. 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PETERMAN'S Lied ll Fear Is for Tyrants s } tvramt . \yians 8 have ans KILLS INSECTS ON FLOWERS « FRUITS VEGETABLES & SHRUBS Demand original sealed bottles, from pour dealer yy Danger in Words ing in Wise gerous times.—Se dan- men say noth GOOD RELIEF of constipation by a GOOD LAXATIVE Many folke get such refreshing relief by taking Black-Draught for that they prefer it to other laxatives and urge their friends to try it. Black-Draught is made of the leaves and roots of plants. It does not disturb digestion but stimu- lates the lower bowel so that con- stipation is relieved. BLACK-DRAUGHT purely vegetable laxative constipation The Cavalier Our sea air ensures deep sleep, marvelous appetite, keen zest for all sports. In our own £50-acre pines forested estate on the ocean shore you enjoy 18.hole golf (2 courses),
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