By EDWARD W. PICKARD N IGUEL MARIANO GOMEZ, president of Cuba, was on his way out because he defied Col. Ful- gencio Batista, the real ruler of the apigsastian .« republic, by vetoing the sugar tax bill to raise funds for the building of schools that would be con- ducted by army of- ficers. Despite plen- ty of warnings, Go- mez persisted in his opposition to the measure which, he said, would lead to fascism. So the Miguel Gomez house of representa- tives, dominated by Batista, im- peached him and. he went to trial before the senate with the certain- ty that the decision would be against him. He was accused of attempting to coerce the congress unconstitutionally to defeat the tax bill, and of mal-administration. It was the first bill of impeachment ever voted in the history of the Cuban republic. Gomez defended himself vigor- ously but was resigned to his fate. The prosecution was conducted by three members of the house—Car- los Palma, veteran Republican lead- er; Eduardo Martinez Fraga, Na- tionalist, and Felipe Jay, Demo- crat. Vice President Federico Laredo Bru was ready to succeed Gomez automatically. He is a lawyer, sixty- one years old and was a colonel in the Cuban war of independence. RCHBISHOPS of the Church of England just can’t let the duke of Windsor and his love affair alone. The Most Rev. Dr. William Temple, archibshop of York and second only to the archbishop of Canterbury, took his turn in lambasting the ab- dicated king, in a Christmas dioces- an letter that displayed little of the Christian spirit. Said the archbish- op: ‘It has happened to many a man before now to find himself beginning to fall in love with another man's wife. That is a moment of critical decision and the right decision is that they should cease to meet be- fore the passion is so developed as to create an agonizing conflict be- tween love and duty. “This decision often has been tak- en by men of honor. And when the inforced by the glamor of the throne the moral obligation is the more urgent for that reason. “Let us remember that any kind of love which can be in conflict with duty is not the love of which the gospel speaks.” The British press and a great many of the English people are dis- gusted with these repeated attacks on Edward by the prelates and there is a growing danger of a split in the Church of England. Dispatches from Edward's haven in Enzesfeld, Austria, say that he is planning to make Mrs. Simpson the duchess of Windsor in May next, immediately after her divorce be- comes absolute. Meanwhile he prob- ably will remain at the castle of out seeing Mrs. Simpson. might take legal action against the archbishop of York, presumably for slander. SIMEON D. FESS, former sena- tor from Ohio and for years a leader in the ‘Old Guard’ of the Republican party, died suddenly in the Carlton hotel, Washington. He had been in retirement from na- tional politics since 1932 when he was defeated for re-election to the senate. CCORDING to a decision of the United States court of appeals in New Orleans, the national labor relations board has authority to compel employers to bargain collec- tively with their employees. The tribunal upheld the board's cease and desist orders against Agwil- ines, Inc., which operates the Clyde Mallory Steamship lines, in con- nection with the dismissal of seven employees for alleged union action. THE Supreme Court having up- held, in the Chaco arms em- bargo case, the neutrality powers of the President, Mr. Roosevelt let it be known that he would ask con- gress to revise the present neutral ity law to give him broader dis- cretion in his relations with foreign governments. In other words, the “teeth” which he and the State de- partment have always thought the statute lacked. Just what the Pres- ident would ask was not told to the press, but there were indications that he wants authority to: 1. Declare an arms embargo “up- on the outbreak or during progress of’ a war, and forbid the of American citizens or transport of American goods on belligerent «hips, except at the traveler's or sh s own risk. Tn ial ctual volume To which commodity shipments would be limited and enumerate the items becoming contraband beyond those limits. Government officials looked upon the Supreme Court's decision as the most sweeping approval of a New Deal law the tribunal has yet given. They read in it an inferen- tial approval of the reciprocal trade treaty program, still untested, and a broader inference that the Presi- dent should be given more latitude in negotiations of all kinds with for- eign governments. ELEGATES to the inter-Amer- ican peace conference in Bue- nos Aires signed the 69 accords ap- proved during the sessions and the conference came to an end. Fare- well congratulatory speeches were made by Secretary of State Cordell Hull, Argentine Foreign Minister Carlos Saavedra Lamas and the head of the Peruvian delegation, Carlos Concha. They all urged that the peace efforts be continued in the next Pan-American conference, which will be held in Lima, Peru, in 1938. ECRETARY OF THE TREAS- URY MORGENTHAU and Chairman Marriner Eccles of the federal reserve board announced a new program for curbing credit flation, and it is likely to involve $1,- 000,000,000 of bor- rowings in 1937. About a billion dol- lars worth of gold is flowing into the country annually, and if this continues next year, it was said by officials, the : Ww treasury will take M. 8. Eccles that amount out of the money mar- ket, to offset the effects of the gold influx on domestic credit. The plan, which probably was de- vised by Mr. Eccles, is intended to hold the excess reserves, which are the reserves that member banks de- posit with the federal reserve sys- tem in excess of legal requirements, on the same plateau where they are now. Previously gold flowing into the country was chalked up as ex- cess reserves upon which an infla- tionary credit boom could be built. HREE new indictments against major oil companies, oil trade publications and individuals were re- turned by a federal grand jury in Madison, Wis., in order to avoid de- lay in the trial of the anti-trust cases. With few changes the new true bills are similar to those returned previ- ously by the 1935 grand jury and con- tested as invalid on grounds that the grand jury was illegally impaneled. It is understood that the govern- ment plans to bring the cases to trial in March. {JNDER the general leadership of John L. Lewis the war for unionizing the steel industry and destroying the company unions is now under way. Some 250 company union representa- tives from the Pitts- burgh, the Cleve- land - Youngstown and the eastern dis- tricts met in Pitts- burgh and were told by Philip Murray, chief aide of Lewis and chairman of the committee for in- John L. Lewis dustrial union, that a strike in the $5,000,000,000 indus- try might result “if the industry continues to employ its dog-in-the- manger attitude,” in dealing with trade unions. Thereupon the delegates adopted resolutions unanimously condemn- ing the company union plan as a “farce,” and establishing a new or- ganization called the “CIO repre- sentatives council,” with this ‘“‘dec- laration of pringiples:”’ 1. All steel workers be organized into a national industrial union. 2. Employee representatives use their influence to enroll the steel workers into the steel workers or- ganizing committee's campaign. 3. All steel workers be thorough- ly informed by employee represen- tatives who know from experience that the company union is a device of the management and totally un- able to win any major concessions for the steel workers. 4. CIO employee representatives remain inside the company union for reasons obvious to all. The wage demands are: A $1.24 a day increase for all em- ployees receiving over $5 a day. A 30 hour, five day week. Paid vacations of one week for Ire mci For i OPE for the recovery of Pope Fius dwindled day by day. He suffered a fainting spell and was reported to be exceedingly weak. His illness was complicated by high fever and there was danger of in- fluenza. Senator Nicola Pande of Rome, widely known as a specialist on the ills of old age, was sum- moned by Dr. Amanti Milani, and both agreed that the pontiff must have complete rest. His visitors were limited to the ten cardinals who are prefects of executive bodies of the church and they were per- mitted to enter the sick room only one each day to obtain the pope's authorizatior. for their most impor- tant decisions. The customary Christmas eve audience for cardi- nals and diplomats was canceled, and the pope also had to abandon his plan to celebrate mass on the 57th anniversary of his ordination to the priesthood. ENERALISSIMO CHIANG KAI- SHEK not being released by Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang within the specified time, the Nanking troops moved against the Sianfu rebels. Two of the mutinous battalions were captured and disarmed at Huh- sien. It appeared that Marshal Chang really was reduced to negotiating for his own life and safety, and there > were reports that he " was willing to sur- Chang render the dictator Hsueh-liang and quit the country, as has many a rebellious Chinese war lord be fore him. T. V. Soong, who is Chi- ang’'s brother-in-law, went to Sian- fu to attempt to arrange for Chi. ang's release. American and Brit. ish governments were concerned over the safety of their nationals in Sianfu if that city should be be- sieged by the National army. There would certainly be a distressing shortage of food and fuel, and to this would be added the dangers of probable bombardment by artillery and airplanes. Discipline among the mutinous troops is known to be very poor and already there have been many instances of murder and looting. Japanese military authorities charge that Marshal Chang's revolt was part of a deliberate plan to line up western powers, including soviet Russia, against Japan. The Chinese ambassador to Tokio was told by Foreign Minister Hachiro Arita that the Chinese government would not be permitted to enter in- to any accord that would make it appear that it favored war against Japan. Arita made it plain that Japan would abandon its waiting policy if Nanking compromised with Marshal Chang. land's wealthiest industrialists and a generous contributor to phil. anthropic causes, has just donated $10,000,000 ‘to ment in Great Britain's poverty stricken depressed areas.” of Baron Nuffield, use the sum. of a vast manufacturing organiza tion including automobile plants, ex- port companies, a publishing house and affiliated subsidiaries. JF ARTHQUAKE shocks accompa- “nied by volcanic eruptions dev- vador, killing more than a thousand persons and injuring about four procession when and many of them gious quake came, were wrecked. Roads capital were broken up and com- munications were destroyed, so that accurate coming out. All of the towns affected by the quake are in the vicinity of the portant in manufacturing and ag- riculture, is and indigo-growing region. ETER NORBECK, United States senator from South Dakota since 1920, died at his home in Redfield, 8S. D., at the age of sixty-six after a long illness from heart disease and cancer of the tongue and jaw. Norbeck, a Republican with radi- cal tendencies, entered politics in 1908 as a member of the state sen- ate. Later he was lieutenant gov- ernor and governor of his state and then was elected to the United States senate. In that body he was an insistent advocate of ag- ricultural relief measures. Norbeck’s death reduced to 16 the number of Republicans in the sen- ate, but if the selection of his suc- cessor is left to the Republican gow ernor-elect, there would be again 17. SENTIMENT in favor of legisla- tion to lessen the powers of the Washington—On the eve of the opening of a new congress, the sev- enty-fifth, there is Hullabaloo great hullabaloo and Clamor and clamor about social and eco- nomic legislation and particularly about the alleged necessity for con- stitutional amendments giving con- gress more power to deal with these problems. Much of the noise eman- ates from minorities, highly organ- ized pressure groups, and it is diffi- are times, there are circumstances and there are conditions in which the federal government alone can deal with problems better than states can deal with them individual- ly. But after all, conditions are not the same in any two states of the Union and it seems to me that the from them forever whatever rights are left to them under the Constitu- tion. They ought to be free as far as they may be to handle their own problems on the basis of local re- velt's re-election constituted a man- ber of these highly delicate and dif- ficult questions. There are others vote given President Roosevelt was, in fact, i way connected with the problems that are now before the country in individual capacity. What- ever the answer to these contending forces, the fact remains that we are due to hear something of them on the floors of the house and senate in the next few months. One of the things about which we are hearing many, many words at the moment is a proposal for an hibiting child labor. ment that *h should be an and that it si additional authority to enact legisla- tion setting forth the details of this new type of prohibition. Yet, while all of this raving and raging is going on, how many people are there who are aware of the fact that & tutional ment doing an amendment tion more than twelve years? How many people are there who recall twenty-four states? Whatever their recollection is, it is a fact and it remains a fact that to all intents and purposes, enough states have refused to ratify the amendment to kill it off. William Green, president of the American Federation of Labor, be- meaning of the recent huge vote for President Roosevelt, has attempted mentioned. He has written to the me emphasize, not in opposition to any proposal that would abolish child labor. * » ® The country cannot know definite- ly until President Roosevelt deliv- ers his message to the new congress, dealing with the state of the Union, exactly what his position is going to be on the so-called social welfare problems of the country. This is a general category and involves such things as the so-called social secur- ity legislation and legislat giving the federal government greater con- trol over private business. The two hand in hand and as far as I have been able to discover, it will be impossible to deal with one without in ner dealing with the ot} . For example, the present social security statutes have a direct effect Social Welfare upon business through their taxation While basically they are the suf- ) and the who are with- out resources, it can be readily seen that somebody must pay the bill the- designed to pro nst ti 4 ferings of unemployment nrive ory is that private logical source from which to draw the financial protection that is con- ceived to be necessary. But in this theory there is involved very definitely the right of the fed- eral government to enter into the fields that are now occupied or may be occupied by the states. It is largely a taxing proposition that the federal government must use if it is pay. But the Constitution, laws and traditional practices of our people have built up certain lines of demarcation between fed- is whether a state legislature New Legal Question a proposition to itself and approve the resolution after having once killed it. Mr. The American Bar association takes So, we are confronted with a prob- Jem within a problem and one that is likely to be distorted and twisted and misrepresented by those in- terests that have sought for a long to the Constitution, an amendment must be ratified under the terms of itself, by three- fourths of the states. That is thirty- drive to gain some of the remaining states and to bring about reversal of positions already taken. It nearly always happens in “drives” that there is much loose mouthings and many unwarranted and unjustified statements. It probably will be so in this instance and the country must be on guard to sift the truth from the propaganda and must be prepared to make up its mind whether it desires to place in the Constitution a hard and fast rule that no child under eighteen years of age may be allowed to work gain- fully. For the sake of the record, here- with is the language of the proposed amendment that is now pending: “The congress shall have power to limit, regulate and prohibit the labor of persons under eighteen years of age. The power of the sev- eral states is unimpaired by this article except that the operation of state laws shall be suspended to the extent necessary to give effect to legislation enacted by the con- gress.” From these words, it will be seen that an attempt is made to give congress greater power over the rights of states to legislate for them- selves. Such a purport up in therefore becomes simply one that requires determination by the peo- the federal government to encroach have been reserved for the states. We hear much talk about a revival of NRA: a revival of it on a basis one with provisions that will reach a greater percentage of business NRA. Organized labor seems to be in favor of this proposition and na- tusally will exert considerable pow- er in congress, but some lawyers among the representatives and sen- ators tell me that they do not see how the purpose can be ac- complished without a constitutional amendment. On the basis of all of the informa- tion and opinion that I have been able to gather, my guess would be is over something tangible in the way of a new consitutional amend- ment will be offered. It would seem, on the basis of the present trends, that it will be possible for the dif- for all of the groups and blocs to reach an understanding on legisla- out the attitude of compromise on highly controversial legislation, nothing except stalemates results. Some observers even now hold the belief that it will be impossible for any agreement to be reached with- in congress on any of these social good for the country is so wide. What About Business? said without equivocation that the business interests have been the about all of the maltreatment to which it is entitled and it would Home Heating i 8y John Barclay Heoting Export | How to Check “Chimney Loss,” | Greatest Waste in Home Heating | HAT is “chimney loss’? | Well, that's a erm we heat. | ing experts have for heat that goes up the chimney and is wasted, Yet it’s really a simple matter to save money by reducing this loss—convert ‘chimney loss’ to | “useful heat,”” as we call it. Here's the remedy: Next time you refuel the fire, move the handle of the turn dam- per (that disc or plate-like damper inside the smoke pipe) 1-16th of an inch toward the closed upright position. Then, if the fire keeps 17, Sections! View Side View Turn Damper in Smoke Pipe on burning too freely, turn the damper another sixteenth of an inch. Repeat this operation un. til you find the correct adjustment —~one that will deliver the great. est amount of useful heat with the least “chimney loss.” Once you have found this ideal adjustment of the damper, mark the position on the smoke pipe with a piece of chalk or something that can be plainly seen, and leave the damper set at that mark. Jear this in mind: The nearer the tu damper is set to the ‘losed position the smaller the ‘chimr and the greater the volume of “useful heat" that goes to properly heating your home. And, of course, the lower your fuel bills hil © Says: B® Tomorrow Disappoints Tomorrow always promises well, but remember there is rea- sonably certain to be one disap- pointment, One loves even a precocious lit- tle boy with his front teeth out. He's meeker for the time being. Some men have great patience, but Henry D. Thoreau put it an- other way by saying they lived a life of quiet desperation. BiHs that you run fall due and fall due and fall due; but if you pay as you go, you forget all about your expenditures. We have to go along from day to day, even when we know we are frequently treading on toes. Some become indifferent. No matter how good your advice is, others will first measure it with their own judgment. rr +0 ' loss’ a ———————— YOUR WATCH Medical Authorities recognize the value of a balanced Alkaline Re- serve as an aid to cold prevention. LUDEN'S contribute to your Alkaline Re- serve because they contain an ALKALINE FACTOR Be Courage Essential Courage is on all hands consid- acter.— Froude, Don’t Irritate Gas Bloating NM you want to really GET RID GAS and terrible bloating, don’t expect to do it by just doctoring your stom. ach with harsh, irritating alkalies and “gas tablets.” Most GAS is lodged in the stomach and upper intestine and is due to old poisonous matter in the constipated bowels that are loaded with ill.causing bacteria, if your pret, ete is of long stand. ing, enormous quantities of dangerous bacteria accumulate, Then your diges- tion is upset. GAS often heart and lungs, making life m able, Your head You can't eat or sieep. back aches. Your com. texion is sallow and pimply. Your a ou uu are Bh I unhapp SYSTEM 18 potsonen. Thousands of have found in fic way to rid of CAS. Adlerika does not gripe —if net dann forming. At all Leading gis THE CHEERFUL CHERUB All great musicians we are Have suffered more than most folks do. And now [ have to practise scales I realize
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers