By EDWARD W. PICKARD Jf RANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT and Alf M. Landon, rival candidutes for the Presidency, met in some- what dramatic fashion in Des Moines, Iowa; but they met as chief executives of the United States and of Kansas respectively for the purpose of discussing plans for the relief of drouth stricken farmers. The con- ference, held at Mr. > Roosevelt's sugges- ¢ tion and including Gov. Landon the governors of the other states that had suffered espe- cially from the drouth, began in the state house in Des Moines, where Governor Herring enter- tained the distinguished visitors at a luncheon. The President and Mr. Landon, it was said, did most of the talking at this repast and exchanged a lot of joking remarks. Then the conference was started in earnest, each state being taken up in turn. When it came to Kansas, Governor Landon presented in manuscript form a definite plan, in large part the same as he submitted to Harry Hopkins two years ago. Early in the evening Mr. Roose- velt entertained the governors at dinner aboard his spegial train. On that occasion he and Mr. Landon had their most intimate talk. Re- sults of the conference, if any, were not made public at once, the Presi- dent reserving announcement of his plans for a radio address. ARRY RICHMAN, night club entertainer and aviator, and Dick Merrill, veteran pilot, success- fully flew across the Atlantic in their monoplane Lady Peace, but failed to reach London, their desti- nation, by some 200 miles. ning into a hard rainstorm over Ireland, they lost their way and were forced to land near Llandilo, Wales, because their fuel was ex- the plane were injured. the way. EVISING the 1937 budget fig- ures he submitted to congress in January, President Roosevelt now estimates that expenditures caused by the bonus 2 and the AAA invali- dation will put the public debt atthe all-time high figure of $34,188 543,494. He says, however, that better business will run tax receipts up $12,000,000 high- er than was expect- ed. The President's revision covered the fiscal year that be- gan July 1 last and President Roosevelt Daniel W. Bell. estimate were: 1. Receipts, fixed at $5,665,839,000. 2. Expenditures at $7,762,835,300. 3. Gross deficit Jor the year at $2,006,996,300. 4. Public debt on June 30, 1937, at $34,188, 543,493.73. January figures as follows: 1. Receipts of $5,654,217,650. 2. Expenditures of $7,645,301,338. 3. Deficit of $1,008,388,720. 4. Public debt at end of year of $31,351,638,737. The $2,000,000,000 deficit Mr. Roosevelt estimated is the lowest of the New Deal. Regarding this fig- ure the President said: “The estimated deficit for i937 is $2,096,996,300 which includes $580,- 000,000 for statutory debt retirement and $560,000,000 for further pay- ments under the adjusted compen- sation payment act. “Deducting the amount of the statutory debt retirement leaves a net deficit of $1,516,996,200. ‘“This does not mean that there will be an increase in the public debt of this amount for the reason that it is contemplated during the year to reduce the working balance of the general fund by approximate- ly $1,100,000,000.” What Mr. Roosevelt meant by this was that instead of borrowing mon- ey to cover the difference between receipts and expenditures, the Treasury would dip into the general fund for $1,100,000,000, IT WAS Benito Mussolini's turn to go into the European version of the Indian war dance, following Hitler and Stalin, and he gave a great performance. At Avellino, center of the Italian army maneu- vers, Il Duce announced to a cheer ing throng that he could mobilize 8,000,000 soldiers, premier declared the world is in the throes of an irresisti- ble re-armament race and Italy must the eternal peace, be said is “foreign to . our creed and to our temperament.” He asserted that the armed forces of Italy are more efficien. than ever as a consequence of the Ethiopian war and that the 60,000 men en- gaged in the maneuvers are but a modest and almost insignificant part of the country’s actual war strength. “We must be strong,” cried Mus- solini. “We must be always strong- er! We must be so strong that we can face any eventualities and look directly in the eye whatever may befalll” Germany's new army of a mil- lion men, created by Hitler's order doubling the term of compulso- ry military training, is to be fi- nanced by increased taxes on all companies and corporations by 25 per cent for 1936 and by 50 per cent for 1937. APAN proposes to build up a submarine fleet approximately 30 per cent larger than that oi either Great Britain or the United States. Such was the substance of a note delivered by the Japanese embassy in London to the British foreign of- fice. The decision replaces the sub- marine parity among the three pow- ers established by the 1930 London naval treaty. Japan notified Great Britain that it was determined to keep afloat 11,060 tons of destroyers and 15,- 508 tons of submarines above the 1830 London treaty quotas. This tonnage, if the treaty's provisions were carried out, would be scrapped at the end of this year. The Japanese note was in reply to Great Britain's memorandum of July 15, 1936, invoking the ‘‘escape clause” of the first London treaty in order to increase its destroyer ton- nage above the pact's allowance. Japan gave the lack of sufficient excess destroyers as its reason for retaining a surplus in submarines. The United States, like Great Brit- ain, has decided it must keep in service after the end of the year 40,000 tons of over age destroyers in excess of the total permitted by SHOULD war break out in Europe, France counts on having the powerful Polish army on her side. Consequently the week long visit of Gen Edward Rydz - Smigly, in- spector general of army, and a Polish military mis- sion to France was made the occasion of elaborate cere- The train carrying the Poles crossed the border General Rydz-Smig- commanding generals of the area and reviewed thousands of troops of the frontier regiments. Going thence to Paris, est military honors and the crowds in the decorated streets cheered Dinners for the guesis were given Franco-German frontier and steel strongholds and passages. A great military review at Nancy ended the tour. | AN appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States the Virginian Railway company made an attack on the provisions of the railway labor act authorizing collec- tive bargaining between representa- tives of the employees and the car- riers. The railroad appealed from rul- ings by the Eastern Virginia Fed- eral District court and the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals re- quiring it to negotiate concerning disputes with a unit of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor. It con- tended the legislation, passed in 1926 and amended in 1934, violated the Constitution by depriving it of liberty and property, and attempt. ing to regulate labor relations with employees engaged solely in intra- slate activities. BECAUSE labor costs in New York city are too high, the Charles Schweinler Press, largest magazine printing house there, has decided to close the plant in which it employs 1,000 men and women and move where costs are lower. Executives of the company said they did not object to the wage scales imposed by New York un- ions, but found the differential be- tween the local scale and the rates in force elsewhere so great that it was “impossible™ NITED STATES DISTRICT AT- TORNEY L. C. GARNETT of Washington was asked by Vice President Garner to present to the federal grand jury the case of six Railway Audit and Inspection com- pany officials who failed to appear before a senate committee some two weeks ago. Those cited by Mr. Garner were: W. W. Groves, presi- dent of the company; W. B. Groves, vice president; Earl Douglas Rice, vice president; J. E. Blair, secre- tary-treasurer; R. S. Judge, direc- tor, and J. C. Boyer. The committee, headed by Sena- tor La Follette, is investigating the alleged use of labor ‘“‘spies’ by em- ployers in disputes with their em- ployees. At the time of the hearing ords, life guards, has resigned can minister to Den- pug mark in order to be | free to campaign as a private citizen for the re - election of President Roosevelt, and the President has accepted her resignation. This was done in an exchange of tele- grams, that from ; Sh Jas Roosevelt say- Ruth Owen. “While I am very loath to have you discontinue the very fine serv- ices you have been rendering as United States minister to Denmark, I appreciate your reasons for want- ing to resign and the motives that prompt you. I therefore reluctant. ly accept your resignation.” Mrs. Rohde, daughter of Wilham Jennings Bryan, has had a long career of public service. Before entering the diplomatic service she served in the Seventy-first and Sev- enty-second congresses, 1929 to 1933, from Florida. Captain Rohde, to whom she was married in July last, is her third husband. “. Sx bombs dropped from an un- identified Spanish airplane fell SMILING IMPROVES { No matter how homely the face, { it always looks better smiling. COME WHEN YOU'RE LOOKED FoR No matter what the Season-—a sampler’s always fun to do, espec- cially when it offers as colorful this. You'll find it a grand way to in no time, for the background is Five years after the discovery of the persistence of vision in 1826 by Peter Mark Roget, the first attempts were made to show series of a device called Phenakistoscope, invented by Joseph Antoine Plateau, motion was depicted by a series of draw- ings, 14 in number. This was followed by the Dae- daleum, or wheel of the devil, invented by William George Horner in England in 1834. It consisted of a cylinder into which strips of paper were inserted de- picting scenes such jumping rope, a water, etc. The wheel of life, a similar device, was introduced drawings. With stroyer Kane, which was en route from Gibraltar to Bilbao to help in the removal of Americans from the war zone. The Kane fired sev- eral rounds from an anti-aircraft gun at the plane. Naturally our Secretary of State Hull instructed his agents abroad to request both the Spanish government and Gen. el forces, to “issue instructions in the strongest terms’ to prevent an- other “incident of this character.” Irun, scattering many bombs on that border city, and an assault by The government troops there had refused to sur- render and their officers said right. ist prisoners, including some prom- inent men, would be exposed in the most open places during the bombardment. its troops had sustained an “im- portant reverse” in a battle at Oro- pesa, 100 miles southwest of the capital and were driven back to Talavera. Later a loyalist victory at that place was claimed, though London heard the rebels had scored another victory there. The fighting in the Guadarrama mountains con- tirued indecisively. RESOLUTIONS adopted by the American Bar association at its meeting in Boston declare firmly a~ainst any attempt to limit the power of federal courts to pass on the constitutionality of laws. The association avoided what had been expected to be a lively debate by taking a noncommittal attitude on i 3 which denounced in great part the alleged invasion of the rights of citi- zens by the New Deal. port appended, was received and duty. president of the association for the coming year. PERHAPS the farmers of Ameri ca don’t realize it, but during Ju ly they enjoyed the largest cash in- ures given out by the Department of Agriculture show the sales of farm products brought them $711,000,000 against $582,000,000 in June and only $451,000,000 in July, 1935. To their income from sales, the farmers added $24,000,000 in various forms of government benefits, bring- ing the total cash at their disposal to $735,000,000. The rental and oth- er benefits totaled $57,000,000 in June and $10,000.000 in July, 1035. ““The sharp increase in cash farm income in July was mainly due to the pronounced gain in income from grains, chiefly wheat,” the re- port said. “Receipts of wheat in the principal markets in July were the fourth largest for the month on , despite the relatively small on farms this year, “Prices of meat animals in July, while averaging slightly lower than in June, were nevertheless higher than in July, 1935, so that income from meat animals was considera. higher than a year income from dairy ucts in- creased more than seasonally.” ] : i patented on this easy cross stitch design her- self! Pattern 1187 comes to you with a transfer pattern of a sampler 12 1-4 by 15 14 inches; color sug- gestions; material requirements; illustrations of all stitches used. Send 15 cents in stamps or coins (coins preferred) for this pattern to The Sewing Circle Needlecraft Dept., 82 Eighth Ave., New York, N.Y. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers