Ld By EDWARD W. PICKARD EXFORD G. TUGWELL, head of the rural resettlement administra- tion, announced that a special commit- tee is considering a plan under which more than half a mil- llon growers of farm products would receive double benefits from the federal govern. ment, It provides that the rural families now getting loans from Tugwell's administra- tion to put them on their feet and keep them off the relief rolls may also receive R. G. Tugwell 41) subsidy payments in connection with the soll conserva- tion program now being put into op- eration, There are now 450,000 recip- fents of the Tugwell loans and the number is expected to increase to 525. 000 by July 1. The soil conservation subsidies are to be paid to farmers who transfer land from commercial crop production to soll conserving growths, or who re- sort to other “economic” farm prac tices. Officials sald that the rehabilita- tion clients already are under obliga- tion to treat their soll wisely, Before a family can obtain a rehabilitation Joan it must agree to follow a farm management plan drafted by the gov- ernment. This plan stipulates that the borrow- er must conserve his land's fertility and grow food and feed crops for home consumption. It also includes a finan. cial budget, NE of the major features of the new tax program suggested by President Roosevelt is omitted from the measure prepared by a house sub- committee and on which open hearings were begun by the ways and means committee. For political reasons it was decided that the plan for new processing taxes on farm and compet- ing products should be abandoned. Mr, Roosevelt's suggestion for a “windfall” tax to recapture part of the refunded or unpald AAA processing levies was accepted by the subcommittee, A third suggestion of the President, for graduated taxes on the portions of incomes which corporations do not dis tribute in dividends to stockholders, was changed to provide levies on total income of corporations varied accord. ing to percentages of profits put into reserves. The subcommittee agreed that the corporation tax rates should be so drafted as to permit corporations, par- ticularly small ones, to build up re- serves for lean years without being compelled to pay comparatively high taxes for the privilege of doing so. The subcommittee figured on col- Jecting some $25,000,000 from taxes on dividends going to foreigners who own stock in American corporations and $83,000,000 from temporary continua- tion of the capital stock and excess profits taxes. UST as Chairman C Jasper Bell and his house committee were about to open their inquiry into the finances of the Townsend old age pension plan organization, Robert BE. 7 Clements, co-founder, secretary and director of the movement, re. signed. He was sum- moned to be the first witness before the committee but said his resignation was not motivated by this, but was solely due to his opposition to political o» activities of other lead- 4 ers of the organiza. R-E.Clements tion. Dr. F. E. Townsend in Los An geles expressed his “hearty approval” of Clements’ action, and it was predict- ed other officials of the movement would follow the secretary's example, Clements appeared before the com- mittee with a great mass of records, ready to “account for every penny collected.” Before testifying he sald: “I have nothing to hide. I'm anxious to appear. 1 have been responsible for financing the Townsend plan. I have collected around $850,000 and the organizaton has spent about $750,000, There 1s still $100,000 on hand.” — EVERAL witnesses who appeared before a senate subcommittee de. clared that the Robinson-Patman antl chain store bill, which has administra. tion backing, would promote rather than curb monopolies, increase the cost and lower the standard of living, and decrease employment in whole in- dustries, The hearing was on the Borah-Van Nuys bill, a modification of the Rabin. son-Patman measure, but the witnesses particularly attacked the latter, which already has been reported favorably, The house judiciary committes report. ed the Utterback bill, still another modification of the HRobinson-Patman measure, and a bitter fight over the proposed legisintion is expected. The Robinson-Patman bill would pro- hibit manufacturers from making price discriminations In favor of large quan tity purchasers, through advertising al lowances, service charges, brokerage fees, ete. The Borah-Nuys bill would prohibit such allowances only when they were refused to purchasers of goods of “like grade, quality, and quantity.” NE of the big fights within the American Federation of Labor has been settled peacefully, It was for control of the bullding trades de- partment. In the past, bullding pro} ects have been held up by strikes growing out of arguments over which of two unions should do a certain plece of work. The peace pact pro- vides for appointment of an impartial referee to settle such arguments, The pact also called for J. W. Wik lilams of the carpenters to head the reorganization department, with M. J. McDonough of the plasterers as sec- retary-treasurer. Each has been the leader of one of the warring factions and each has styled himself as the lawful department president. Beso MUSSOLINI evidently ex- pects another European war, and in preparation for it he announced several drastic measures on the seven- teenth anniversary of the founding of the Fascist party. He abolished the chamber of deputies, substitut. ing for it a council of gullds; and he also eliminated the coun try's large industries, leaving the mediom and small private in dustries in existence, This latter move, he told the council of the 22 gullds of the cor porative state, was to increase the na- tion's economic self-sufficiency. “When and how war will come, one does not know,” he sald, “but the wheel of fate turns fast.™ Mussolinl asserted the large indus tries, particularly those working for the defense of the nation, would be formed into organizations called “key industries.” These, he sald, “will be run directly or indirectly by the gov- ernment. Some will have mixed or ganization™ Benito Mussolini —— AVING sent Joachim von Ribben- trop back to London with a modi fied rejection of the four power plans for peace in western Europe, Hitler was preparing his counter proposals which British Foreign Minister Eden had requested. Meanwhile the reichs. fuebrer continued his campaign tour, delivering rousing speeches In defense of his policies. Speaking In Ludwig. shafen, in the heart of the remill. tarized Rhineland, he sald: “Those who want us to grovel on our knees before agreeing to talk with us forget we are not a tribé of savages, but a European nation looking back on thou- sands of years of culture, “1 stretch out my hand to France. We want peace for common sense rea- song, Germany needs no more fame on the battlefield, but is now getting ready to seek laurels in the Olympic peace competition of nations. Men who relish the Indecent thought of victor and vanquished are not statesmen, They must be silent when peace talks start.” Most of the continental statesmen who gathered in London to consider the Rhineland affair went home, some of them In very bad humor over the indecisive proceedings, The French, disinclined to consider any further pro- posals from Hitler, were urging that the French, British and Belgian general staffs get tcgether on plans In accord ance with the Locarno treaty, | CONNECTION with the signing of the new naval treaty by the United States, Great Britain and France, it was disclosed in London that the two first named powers bave reaffirmed the 50-50 ratio for their fleets and again promised not to compete against each other in naval building, The new three power pact limits the size of battleships to 35,000 tons, retains 10. 000 tons as the maximum for cruisers and provides no cruisers of that size shall be built for six years, In the expiring Washington treaty there was an article regarding fortl- fication of naval bases. This is not renewed in the new pact, and Japan requested information as to the future intentions of the powers. Conse quently the United States, Great Britain and Japan were carrying on diplomatic conversations on that tople, The new treaty gives the signatories certain liberty of action In the event of unforeseen naval activity by powers not signatory to the treaty. So far as America Is concerned, this “escape clause” is taken to apply malnly to Japan, FOURTEEN persons perished In Mexico's worst aviation disaster, OKI HIROTA, the new lberal premier of Japan, declared in an Interview: “While I am premier there will be no war”; and continued: “We intend to cultivate our traditional friendship with Great Britain, the United States, Russia, and other pow- ers, thus fulfilling our great mission of stabilizing east Asia” On the same day that Hirota made this pronouncement the soviet Russian government ordered its ambassador to Japan to lodge a strong protest fol. lowing a new border engagement which Soviet advices sald resulted from a the reports, EDERAL reserve board has pre- scribed a 55 per cent minimum mar- gin for purchases of stocks, the ruling becoming effective April 1 for stocks bought through brokers and May I for those bought through banks, The margin regulations were made to apply only to listed securities on registered stock exchanges, thus hav- Ing no effect upon the large over-the- counter market. The maximum loan value applying to registered stocks has been fixed at 45 per cent of current market value, Wi only one change, the house passed the senate bill to continue the Electric Home and Farm authority as a federal agency untill February 1, 1037, or any earlier date decreed by the President. The authority was cre- ated to help finance sales of electrical appliances, H EXRY BOYLE SOMERVILLE, aged and retired vice admiral of the British navy, was murdered by gunmen at his residence at Castle townsend, «+ County Cork, Irish Free State. Thrown through the door of the house was a card bearing these words: “This British agent sent 52 Irish boys Into the British army in the last few months, He will send no more” The admiral had received previous threats because of his recruiting activ. ities, JN TREPID citizens of scores of cities and towns in the eastern and New England states which were devastated by the unprecedented floods were dig- ging out thelr homes and places of business from the mud and debris as subsided. Reconstruction and refitting began everywhere Immediately, and this, as well ns the relief of the suffer ing thousands, was alded by funds to- taling more than £43,000000 allocated by President Roosevelt before he left Washington for Florida, Rough estimates were that the total dend in 13 states were 100; the home less were 221.500, and the total prop- erty damage, $271L500,000. The last figure probably would be tripled if one took into account the losses from in. terruption to Industry and trade and | the stoppage of the wages of labor, Cities along the lower Ohlo were threatened as the flood waters raced down to the Mississipp! and the Gulf of Mexico, but they had had plenty of warning and were in a measure pre- pared, SABELLA GREENWAY, the capable lady who has represented Arizona in congress since October, 1033, hae announced in Tucson that she will re . eee tire from public life E at the conclusion of her present term. Bhe was first elected for the remainder of the term of Lewis Doug | las, who resigned to become director of the | budget, and was re elected In 1084, Mrs. Greenway owns : and operates several . ranches in Arisons | Mrs. Greenway .n4 New Mexico and | a hotel in Tucson, and is also inter ested In some mining companies. Un. | doubtedly she could go back to con | gress without opposition, bot she says | she wants to devote more time to her private activities, I—— SL refusing to appropriate $12. 000,000 for the Florida ship canal, | the senate passed the army bill carry. | ing approximately $611,000000, More than half the sum goes for the military activities of the War department, There will be no reduction in the | number of CCC camps during most of the coming fiscal year, and the em | rollees will be kept up to about the | 860,000 mark. This was the declalon | of President Roosevelt after a threat. | ened revolt of Democratic representa. | tives induced him to change his mind | in the matter, Senator Black, chairman of the sen ate lobbying committee, bas added the Wichita Beacon to the papers whose Alagrae he has seized or attempted to seize. SENATOR WILLIAM E. BORAH Is campaigning earnestly for the Re publican Presidential nomination, and has just received a big boost for his cause in the announcement that Dr. Prepared by the Nationa) Geographic Society, Washington, D. C~WNU Service, i" ANTED, female servant; wages by the month to be clothes, potatoes, carrots, beans—and sixty cents” This Is not a line from a musical comedy, or a funny movie subtitle, but the translation of a bona fide “want. ad” In an American newspaper it might reasonably have aroused curiosity, If not Investigation by a local union, but it caused no unusual stir among the crowd of peasants in the small town of Mezokovesd in Hungary, as the town crier shouted it out, There was all the weekly news, as well ag the rest of the “advertising” to be beard. The oral Journalists of Mezokovesd were inform. Ing the townspeople of the week's events, at the usual Sunday morning gathering, Even with Lenten restrictions, there is little curbing of galety among the peasants on their treasured weekly holiday In Mezokovesd. True, you may bave no opportunity of seeing a mar ringe dance. Nevertheless, the alr is full of merry excitement and happy chattering. And no one can smile more wholeheartedly and infectiously than the young Hungarian girl! Mezokovesd is a most typleal of Hun. garian villages; there the traveler may see the real peasant life of the coun- try. The town's population is some 20. 000 ; It is about three hours’ ride to the east of Budapest, and only two trains a day make the trip. Sunday afternoons the healthy lot of villagers parade In thelr festival finery, the heavily embroidered cos tumes ablaze with bright colors. And of a Sunday morning the life of the town centers in the church, always crowded to the doors, and In the weekly “newspaper.” At ten o'clock on Sunday morning you find the streets almost deserted. It is a brisk day and you are glad to have the protection of a heavy coat The sun teases you faintly at intervals, which is especially vexing, since you have a camera and copious material for pictures. First Church, Then News You walk to the center of the town, some distance from the rallroad sta- tion, and enter the church. If It were not for the saving landmark of the church steeple, it would be easy to get lost in any Hungarian town. There is little standing room In the Inden to linger long. Besides, your the square, marveling occasionally at the sight of an American-made prod. net in one of the shop windows. And presently the church bells announce the close of the service, Then the church doors open and crowds of black-clad figures pour out. As If waiting for this signal, two gen- darmes take their places on opposite sides of the large square In front of the church and begin to beat a vigorous tattoo on their drums. From the church the people gather In two crowds about these officials, who draw forth impor. tant-Jooking documents of paper and begin their reading. it is an education and a revelation thirty cents) added to certain supplies and thelr needed clothing. It is suffi clent, no doubt; thelr wants are few, Any national news of Importance is told ; new laws are read. It is an amus- ingly terse, clear effort, when one con. templates the columns of unread copy in our own metropolitan papers, Dinner, and then you are among the gally dressed crowds, on thelr weekly parade about the town, They walt al ways until the afternoon before don- ning thelr gorgeous costumes and then they pour into the streets like the sudden blossoming of a garden In- deed, the pretty aprons are surpris- ingly like gardens, or bright flowers in a basket, or clusters of posies in the sunlight, Their embroidery is peculiar to Hun. gary. Small pleces of it, on sale at one of the homes may be too gaudy to attract some travelers: but on a black apron and a tightly Stting jacket, it seems most appropriate and quaint The men of the town are quite as ornately garbed as the women, They are smartly dressed In black velvet trousers made much lke riding breeches, short jackets, and leather boots shined to a glow. Some of them also wear the long black aprons em- broidered by a doting mother or an adoring and dutiful sweetheart. And all of them wear green hats, round and high—shaped somewhat like a derby— with feathers of varying size and color perched on the side. A fetching lot of fellows, and not slow at flirting with the girls. But the Sunday parades are not courting parties. Far from it. The men keep to themselves, and the women walk apart from them, for etiguette in Mezokovesd does not permit any prom. ried ones walk together. little fun as they pass the maldens— calling to them, teasing them by pulling at one corner of their aprons, or tweak ing a long brald of hair. Shiny faces blush and the girls giggle—and prob ably think It the very best part of the entire day! Unmarried girls always go bareheaded, even in the winter months. It is only after the marriage service that a young girl may put up her halr the married woman. Then the hair ribbons are dispensed with and the long braids are wound about the head, go that a cone-shaped cap can be pinned on. Over this is girl as a young matron. The new brides are easily found. They will be walking together, few of them more than eighteen years old, and some several years younger, still husbands, and proudly conscious of their new colffures Courting and Marriage. and It is more an ordeal than a pleas: ure. But every Sunday afternoon, ex: cept during Lent, they hold a dance, and the young people find it very sat. isfactory for getting acquainted and falling In love, When a boy has found his chosen wife, and she looks favorably on him, the young man asks her father. If the father is willing, the young fellow sends two of his friends to ask for mally for her hand, and this is consid. ered the official announcement of the couple's engagement, Then follows the wedding at a Sun. day dance. The bride, Incidentally, must have complete furnishings for her new house, Including linens and clothes for herself. Usually some money or a cow goes with her, too. A father of many daughters has his bands full to get her dowry together. But her troussean isn’t so formidable as it would seem to us. Her new home HM : } i i i { : * * * * * » » * » » * * STAR DUST Movie « Radio 20 0 0 2 2 HOSE awards made by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences are still caus- ing violent debates all over Holly- wood. Executives of the Screen Actors Guild and the Screen Writ- ers Guild telegraphed the mem- bers the day before the awards were made, urging them not to attend the presentation banquet, They charged that the academy is producer-con- trolled, and that studio politics con- trolled the giving of the awards. Of course the Academy heads denied that, and the battle has been on ever since, It 8 claimed that Bette Davis was given the prize for the best per- formance given by =a woman during the year, not because of her work in “Danger. ous” but because she didn’t get the award last year for her performance in “Of Human Bondage” It is urged that Victor Mclaglen, who won the prize for the men, gave just one good per- formance, In “The Informer,” whereas Charles Laughton and Paul Mun! each gave several. In fact, there are arguo- ments about everything but that be. lated award of D. W. Griffith for his work In the days before there was any Academy. People wept when Henry Walthall introduced D. W. on They're rewritting Ken Maynard's new picture, because the lioness who acted in it was killed recently. (You may have seen her In “Sequoia.”) The company was on location, and the lioness went out for some exercise. In California there’s a bounty of $80 on mountain lions, and a prospector thought this was just one more lion, and shot her, Bette Davis fie If you want to go into the movies, you'll be Interested in the pews that several of the big companies are plan- ning to develop thelr own actors, by establishing schools in New York. In fact, Paramount already has such a school, and RKO and Metro are think- ing of following thelr example. It's all companies have not been sable to re- cruit suitable players from the stage. They've scoured the field of vaude- ville, radio, night clubs and college dramatic societies, and have concluded that training schools are the best solu- on Wait Disney has a school, too, de. voted to training artists to animate the Disney pictures. Recently he adver. tised for help, and only fifty people out of the 1,700 who answered made the grade. Now he's advertising again, The candidates whom he accepts re. ceive a small salary while they're learning the work, and then go on the pay roll as animators. srl Randolph Scott, who went into ple tures, not because he was stellar ma- terial, but because it looked like = good way to make a living, is to be starred in “The Last of the Mohi- cans.” linn John Boles had to cut short his personal appearance tour and rush back to Hollywood to be starred in “White Fang." Incidentally, if you have to diet to keep your weight down the day by drinking in hot water, and the big mo- for him, Is lamb chops, two John Boles wn Jean Hersholt gives such an excel. lent performance in “The Country Doo. tor” that his old contract was torn up and a new one, with the salary doubled, was given him, sv nn Sunny O'Dea, who danced so wel) in Eddie Cantor's “Strike Me Pink™ that she's headed for the top in plc tures, still has to go to school in the studio, because she’s not yet eighteen. The fact that she has already made a name for herself as a dancer in New York and London makes not the slight. est difference, ny Gary Cooper's wife, Sandra. who doesn’t care for the movie spotlights, has made a reputation in spite of her self; she's known as one of the best
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers