Oil! shown in inset, seen at the upper left, By WILLIAM C. UTLEY AN oil sanctions stop the war? The answer seems to be “yes” If the League can suc ceed in cutting off all oil ship- ments to Italy. Estimates of the ex- perts recently assigned by the League of Nations to make a survey the situation indicate that six or months } oll embargo would bring 11 Duce t ations in Ethiopia, Many qualify situation. As : if longer the League of N the advisability tions—the longe Italy will sanctions begin she is reported to rapldly-increasing which American oi have than portions an between of of a complete » cease his oper be more is happening nations. Eve staunchest idea, 1s Increasing her petrol sh to Italy. Nort of oil annually. ‘ith the ations now she now is burning it up at 2.500.000 Of her n tations of 1.500060 tons ar mania about 35 Russia per cent, Persian {controlled by Great Bri cent, Latin-American sour pments 1.500 (6%) tons war oper- going forwar mal nuall tons, ¥. Ru furnishes | -— per sources 12 tent) 14 per cent, the United 10 per cent and all other sources 7 per cent, During the past year, imported 2500000 tons, shipments leaped to 41 per cent of the total; Russia shipped 16 per cent. Persia 153 per cent, Latin America. 15 per cent, the United States 6 per cent and other sources 7 per cent. Because of the delay in the applica. tion of oil sanctions, it is believed that Italy can go along through the rainy season and pick up her military opera- tions in ‘autumn. The temporary let-down in fighting will make possible the saving of con- siderable oil, and will thus stretch out the period of Italy's “reprieve” a few more months. How long after that time Mussolini can keep going depends upon his success In securing fresh sup- dlies. The answer to this lies largely with the nations who are not members of the League. The United States has not yet made up its mind whether its new neutrality act will contain the provision that exports to belligerent nations must not exceed their normal proportions. One of the things hold- ing up the League embargo, of course, is the fact that member nations are waiting until it can be determined what kind of action will be taken by the non-member nations. Face Loss of Trade. If Italy can keep buying oil from non-member nations, the members will face the possibility of losing a good share of their oil business for a long time to come, If not permanently, Some of them are trying to console themselves into thinking that immedi ate losses will not be very Important because a settlement may be effected within the next few months. Italy is attempting to ameliorate its own situation through the adoption of substitutes for ofl, and the building of new factories, installation of trans- formers, and similar preparations are well under way. ‘The process, even when it gets moving well, 1s a costly one, however, and it is doubtfa! wheth- er Italy's solution to the problem of oll sanctions lies in that direction. Some estimates place the total annual saving in ofl by that means could be only about 110000 tons at the most. Besides this, alcohol and benzine are used in the manufacture of substitutes, They are also used in the manufacture of explosives, and If the need for both when increases the difficulty becomes appar- ent. Lastly, some of these substitutes have to be mixed with imported petrol, There is plenty of ground for the sup has subsided considerably with the in- dications that Italy is achieving a vie ly apply to si ipments Over and The member nations are in s has told them will and Mussolint in no uncertain terms he 8 of war, consider oil { will reply £ 3 hot) aving of war. Whether saving the face of the Le risk of Behting war 1048 wit dine + 3 8 holding up immediate action Limit U, 8 United neutral Export. i pt th If the States does ade Kind of by advocated President tate en Hull, w L » could tb » assured th (vid le nore than about 200.000 } ited Hpments are unlimi ‘ he League has another card whic h it Most of the oil owned by Bi merican s th could however, tankers in piay, nse are tish and Seandinavian interests shipments might be materially cut by denying the United States of these tanke Meanwhile, Italy has been adding to her own fleet of tankers. Acc ording to the League the use rs. transport total approximately A000 tons, There are tankers in the Italian navy which might be included, and which would add another 70,000 tons. Tt has been estimated that Italy might herself be able to transport some 2.000.000) tons annually poris on the Gulf Mexico, Undoubtedly, if sanctions on ofl are declared, the League would declare a prohibition on the sale of tankers to Italy, thus preventing her from build ing up her tank fleet any more than she has already done. Also, it Is probe. able that the League wduld forbid the movement of tankers sailing to Italian ports. To accomplish this and to pre- vent the shipment of oll in containers carried by other types of vessels, It would probably be necessary to de- clare naval blockades. This 1s too much like war, and the League is ex. ceedingly wary about Invoking the blockade. There is little likelihood that new tankers would be purchased by Amer. fean Interests to carry on a wartime trade with Italy. The policy of the administration is too clear against ald ing a nation at war at any time, The usual amount of regimentation of a people under a dictatorship has multiplied many times. sirce the 053 nations declared economic sanctions on Italy. The government has declared Im- port monopolies on hundreds of items, from meat and fish to things like mov- ing picture films. To protect the gold reserve the National Institute for For. eign Exchange was authorized to con- trol all transactions involving the precious metal. Citizens or corpora- tions may not sell or exchange gold until they have offered it to the gov- ernment, which agrees to return it in the same amount and quality within a year, with interest at 5 per cent. Royalty Sets Example, Italy's king and queen set an ex ample by sending thelr wedding rings to Mussolini and the populace quickly took up the idea, thousands upon thou. sands of persons turning over their own gold rings and receiving fron rings in exchange, in colorful and, Indeed, pititul ceremonies throughout the coun. try. After the depletion of the gold re serve to a point somewhat under $400, 000,000, the Treasury department has from insisted of that it has maintained that reserve through increased tax- ation, mos he floating of bond Issues. the wedding rings, new loans, the con- and the realization of foreign credits held by rices of foods other items in Italy and use skyrocketed after shut down aterials the Hiro. i Appeals were mad ( he emotions of the peop rolls were declared sanctior of ist coun and articles a 1414 ] y8 and economy that we ricans * War, excep observe wre frequently. * WHS encon oultry, that mild be raged to en beef, pork conserved or sent Af ys in the an trenches accept any more contributions from an- and were meet who thors of the sanctionist countries, texthoonks from those countries To people, the the hit from needs of poorer were hardest by which followed the application of sane of and dieticians issued pamphlets and began educational campaigns on the mainte. nance of proper diet and living condi. tions under the difficulties. The bread, schools the the rising prices tions, commissions doctors people were not to he denied for the fine wheat harvest of 1935 wns 21 per cent greater than that of 1934. In the last five years the total area sown in wheat has been Increased ahout 400,000 acres. Another 150. 000 acres were added during 1035. Policy of Secrecy. The Treasury department eventually began a policy of fecrecy as to its exact status, and It was believed that this statns was none too good, In the face of the fact that publication of all statements of the Treasury deparment and the Bank of Italy were suspended. The Italian deficit last year was aboht £100,000.000, with nearly half of this ficcounted for by the campaign In Af. rica. It Is not In foodstuffs, but in raw materials that Italy faces the most dangerous threats of sanctions. Italy imports nearly 2,000,000 quintals of cot. ton annually—three-fourths of it from the United States—as against a produc. tion of only 9.000 quintals at home, She also Imports five times as much wool as she produces, but much of this import can be canceled by the substi. tution of silk, rayon and other mate. rials. The nation Imports practically all of its requirements in seeds, rubber and, of course, oil. The home produc. tion of oil probably dbes not exceed 1 per cent of her normal needs, : Italy's needs in timber are not facing | any serious threats, for she can still import practically all she needs from | Austria. Austria Is also helping in for. | tfying Italy against the pressure of | sanctions on minerals. Needs of scrap fron are diminishing as the result of national drives to corral all the old Iron in the nation. Italy's own produc. tion of iron ore can be Increased about two-thirds ite normal needs. With oth. er minerals it Is not the same. italy must import all of her tin and nearly all of her copper, from sanctionist coun- tries, Aluminum may be substituted for some of these products. The na. tion is fairly rich In aluminum, She imports about half of her lead. She must import about ten times as much conl as she produces, about half of the total import coming from sanctionist countries. Her own econ! ir of poor quality, © Wostern Newspaper Untan, Jiffy Knit Sweater ERLE ARIA With Matching Hat The Mind PATTERN No. 5512 Meter é © Bell Byndicate, —~WNU Service. By LOWELL HENDERSON The Syllables Test of syllables. the first column and unite it with one in the second column to form a word, When have First You are finished, you ten words, Column Second Columte ros 1 pal na prem let cou tuce ise con Any four-to-eight-year-oid will be | sor warm as toast in this sweater and | buy The sweater's a “Jiffy” knit | : --just plain knitting combined with yoke and sleeves of easy lacy and finished almost before s it. gathered at these pompon for a colorful yarn, and “Insisting” she wear it! In pattern 5512 you w Life in plete instructions for making the set Ale, ail else, + st cap set, Answers rostrum stitch, you know The cap done in a straight strip paltry nasal pert 4 pr Choose the top, also includes two stitches, adding a mise good measure lettuce there'll Need of Love needs shown in sizes 4, 6 and in one pattern) it and of the stit itches needed; rial requirements, Reaper; Cases Dismissed { Police Lieutenant R, L. D. Nord of | Los Angeles requested dismissal of traffic complaints against Richard Morton, William J, Lyons and J. H, | Thompson, “On what grounds?’ asked Muniel- pal Judge Newell Carn, “These men are dead, your honor,” | sald Nord, “They killed im traffic.” were Quick Safe Relief For Eyes Irritated By Exposure LER UTR HT ond Dust — 123 FOR YOUR EYES “uve 9 IOMACH UPSETS? Me Malinds £. Coffman of ZA Norway Ave, Hagerstown, Md, said: “1 was under weight and thin. I never cared to eat At Umes my stomach caused me no end of dis Dr Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery toned up my digestive tite no little cosnfort system, mw - 73 ap a. ained weight and had very New size, tabs, S50c. Liquid Al all drug stores Buy now! $1.00 & $1.35 Send 15 cents in stamps or red) to The Sewing Arts Dept, New York, Tung Oil Available Here which is pressed E the ti serious skin afflictions, 2bc, ment today. 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