SEEN and HEARD aréund the NATIONAL CAPITAL B Carter Field Washington.—Brazil's cotton acreage this year will exceed by 30 per cent that of last year. Her spectacular in- crease of cotton production will con- tinue, despite confidence at the Depart- ment of Commerce and the White House that last year's crop failure “down under” proves Brazil is not a menace to the South on cotton produc- tion. Expert cotton men just back from Brazil insist that last year's rains in that country, which resulted in only about 1,400,000-acre crop being har vested, were just as abnormal for Bra- zil as the drouth in this country. Con- ditions last year in Brazil were more abnormal, If anything, they say, be- cause the conditions in what President Roosevelt calls the “buffalo grass” country are still a menace through dust storms, whereas there is nothing comparable to that in Brazil All of which is terribly Important In view of the present threshing about In administration and farm circles a substitute for the AAA program. There is no doubt In the minds of ex- perts who have studied the situation cold-bloodedly that the AAA system of holding up the price of cotton by curtailing American simply holding an umbrel zil while she developed cotton producing country. Brazil can produce very and sell it for 6 cents a pound, an excellent return to the farmers every one handling it. But crease in production might have been very slow had It not been for the stin ulus—amounting te a bonus and prizes -gxtended by the United not only forcing the price, remov- ing a huge fra crop. Secretary of administration Iv this idea the a cotton expert production ia over Bra. into a great good cotton with and her in. States but export ¥ovnem Roper offic up tion of the Commerce other als poohed of a Bra- Saturday Eve- to Bra- articles occasioned successful zillan menace until ning Post sent zil last year. His some alarm, but ginning to stir up some of the cotton people came the news that there had been a crop failure in Brazil “failure” was occasioned by the just as they were be- Brazilians Make Money But ing one in at is no si the experts J talk- ie every fo 1st back, In with this writ that Brazil who all made and t gn whatever that any farmer who has tried cotton Intends to give it up. On the Brazilians are so generally extending their cotton increase r, say had money, cotton hat there any gell nes brary the contrary, he acreage that the estimate of over last year's is now One of the most serious effects New England and Southern textile In- dustries dency of American mill owners to establish plants in Bra. zil, ially for their export trade, Johnson and Johnson Is one outfit that has done so. The growth of the Southern textile industry has played havoc with New England mills for years, largely be- cause labor was a little cheaper in the South. Now along comes the threat of mills in Brazil to menace both New England and the South, with labor cheaper than either can obtain, and with what seems to be an assured sup- ply of cotton at very low prices, So far no one inside the administra. tion has seemed to realize what this irazilion menace means, Officinls ig nored for several years reports of American consuls telling of the spread of ton Industry in Brazil. Last year officials also ignored reports from consuls in England that mills there were changing their looms, with a view to using Brazilian instead of American cotton. So there is no attention will be problem In working for AAA. 35 per cent, on is the ter espec the cot indication that any paid the present out the substitute New Farm Program No doubt seems to exist that Presi. dent Roosevelt will get squarely back to the soil conservation subterfuge for paying the farmers of the country the rough equivalent of what they were getting under the now outlawed AAA farm benefit plan. Nor that he will back the levying of excise taxes, which will be very similar to those just ruled out. In fact, there seems little doubt that the new farm program will go through whooping, There is a great deal of doubt as to its constitutionality, Most lawyers here believe It 1s just as far In excess of the real powers of the federal gov ernment, as granted to the central gov- ernment by the states through the Con- stitution, as the AAA plan, with one exception. That Is with respect to the taxes, If congress levies the new taxes ns straight-out excise levies, no one doubts they will stand. Everybody will know that the object Is to raise enough money to pay the farmers the equivalent of the old farm benefits, but the law imposing the taxes will not say so, Nor will It graut anyone dis cretion to change them, There Is no question of delegating power, as con- gress did to the Triple A In that act. But when it comes to paying a farm. er so much a year to let such and such a proportion of his acres le fallow, or grow up in pasture, on the theory that this Is preserving soll fertility, when as a matter of fact everybody, includ ing the Yustices of “the Supreaw court, will know that the real ohlective Is to curtail a very definite percentage of crop production, that is something else again, In the opinion of many lawyers, that goes a long way out on the limb of the general welfare clause of the Constitution--so far that the limb may break, Just Another Phase Roosevelt's idea of removing all the “buffalo grass” country from cultiva- tion is another phase of the probiem, This is the territory from the pan- handle of Texas up to Montana, in- cluding the western portions of the Dakotas, Nebraska, Kansas and Okla- homa, It is land which most agricul. tural experts agree should never have been plowed. Its cultivation, plus the drouth, produced the dust storms. Yet with modern machinery, cheap land, and huge farms it lends itself to cheap mass production of crops, But this part of the program Is not the politically Important part. It would not put money in the hands of farmers in other sections, nor in the populous parts of the states Involved, Small checks to many farmers, rather than large checks to a few farmers, is the important thing politically, Then there is another question. [It is highly improbable that the new plan can be passed on by the Supreme court before the election day. Nor Is there any certainty that it could be gotten before the Supreme court at all, In the AAA case, the court indicated that taxpayer could bring the suit un- was being badly hurt by the tax. This time, to the fact that the ts the straig! excise varle with no Suthority them and with no INES he of it-out delegated to ¢ between and the object tion In the AAA pl a soll congers tie-up sired (crop reduc crop reduction vi the new plan) lawyers here d« Heve It uld be hurt industry the courts, wo as simple to get it fore Natu the Libe dously nter Republican ever, woul would not wan All of party, d be deter t to throw ¢ which leaves doubt 1 Causes Irgitation There Is considerable the White House tors and rep are pawing over the proposed neutrality law, “Storm cellar boys™ is the popular phrase around in the school following Nye, which would tion w Wer moment war irritation at over the way sena- resentatives offices the the executive State department for Senator Ger remove all from the Preside bre world, and elar EOS] On a Mede commodities shipped. There Is almost as much inst the Bor the “free anywhe! p alrtig! Pers ah sche lom of ir count ered and h doctrine on ry fougt well-remem mostly one must never be There 18 no rrender the freed proposal to su m of the seas, State d The rule, he suspended all fours, they in they ta $zua tls Insist, ment offic: say, would time of war. It point out, with the inalienable right of a pedestrian cross a public high. That right is not surrendered when the pedestrian waits for a speed- ing automobile to go by, The pedes- trian retains his rights, and his life. They even recalled the old safe. ty-first refrain: “He was right, dead rushed along, Jut he's just as dead as though he'd been wrong To which the Borah followers retort that freedom of the seas either means something or it not. In peace time it means absolutely nothing. No body questions it. It is oply in war time that It becomes Important It is against the jacket andro cates, however, that the White House is most bitter. It iz not much worried by Senator Borah's arguments, Effec- tive as the Idaho lon may be in de- bate, the administration thinks he is on the unpopular side of the neutral ‘ty question. It thinks the couniry is set on going Just as far gardless of rights involved, out of war, Neutrality Law In fact, it is this very sentiment which handicaps President Roosevelt and Secretary of State Hull in getting the neutrality law framed as they would like ft—Investing most of the power and” discretion In the President. There is strong support out in the country, as manifested not only by let. fers to Capitol Hill, but communica tions to the White House, in favor of shutting off exports of every sort, which would be useful in prosecuting war, to all belligerents the moment war starts, The argument appears again and again in letters that every ounce of discretion written into the bill contributes just that much to the mereiy is on io way. also he right, as does strait as possible, re. to keep exercise of that discretion regarding the United States as an enemy, mud on the memory of Woodrow Wil. their colleagues. The objects of each fre obvious, the Baltimore convention, when al though his father, Champ Clark, had won most of the Presidential primaries and bad the most delegates, Wilson, with the assistance of Willlam Jen- nings Bryan, was nominated, Copyright. WNL Bervice, EORGE V, king of Great Britain and emperor of Indla, dled in Sandringham house, peacfully and painlessly, in his seventy-first year. Im- mediately on his pass- ing, his eldest son, Ed- ward Albert, who had been prince of Wales, succeeded to the throne, which by Brit. ish law, Is never va- cant, Next morning the state council, con- sisting of the queen and her four sons, F which had been creat- ed by a decree which King Edward George signed a few vil hours before his death, proclaimed the accession of the new ruler as Edward VIII. His first official act was to notify the lord mayor of London of his father's demise, King George, who had been on the throne almost twenty-five the best loved and most democratic of the world’s monarchs, always just, so. licitous for the welfare of his subjects, and living a simple and almost fault. less domestic and official life. The new king, vast empire intimately, practically evary part gions many times. De we having of it, of life, he still, has been a great ple, and In recent years he would soon have throne, increasing Interest in the the empire. He is especially the laboring classes, in whose welfare he often has sympathy. That he appointment to the British people, for the first time the reign realiz to mount affairs shown deep since line the du we duke’s little There Next In the king's brother, second comes ti ter, Princess Elizabeth, ike of York, and daugh- ing for George's death, and year, The body of the dead ruler was re moved from Sandringham house to the little church of St. Mary Magdalene fn Sandringham. Thence It was to be taken to Westminster abbey, lie in state. Ir Albert Memorial pel at Windsor, beside the tombs of George's father and mother, cha ——— HE New Deal unconstituti powering the secret ‘s substitute for the AAA, a bill em- ary of agriculture onal iy In a program of was tari soll conservation, introduced in congress by Senator John DB. jJankhead, Democrat, and Representative Marvin Jones, Demo crat, Texas. The bill was referred to a sen. ate subcommittee, The members of the sub committee Joubted the constitutionality of the new measure and directed Secretary of Agriculture Wallace to write a new bill. The bill rejected by the commitiee stated as its purposes ; 1. Preservation and improvement of soll fertility. Sec’y Wallace land, 3. Diminution of exploitation unprofitable use of national soil Sources, 4. Provision for and maintenance of a continuous and stable supply of agri- cultural commodities adequate to meet domestic and foreign consumer re quirements at prices fair to both pro. ducers and consumers. 85. Re-establishment and maintenance of farm purchasing power. Secretary Wallace was requested to write a new act that would provide a plan of cooperation with each of the 48 states, and set up a permanent pro- gram on AAA policies, Chairman Smith, Democrat, sald. Saying he spoke for the committee, Smith explained: “We sald In effect to Secretary Wal Ince, ‘Make ft constitutional’ becanse we have the responsibility to pass it.” and re. HE compromise bill providing pay- ment of the soldier bonus, whipped through congress by crushing major. ties, was passed on to the President, who Is expected to velo it Congressional action on the measure was completed when the house voted 840 to OO to accept the senate substi. tute for the bill It had previously passed. The senate vote was 74 to 16, Famous Old Initial Tree Cut Down for Firewood Leonardtown, Md, — Leonardtown's famous old Initial tree Is down and many sweethearts will be sad, per haps, as they learn this. The tree, an old beachnut, had inscribed and cut In its trunk and limbs hundreds of inl tialg of lovers of long ago now married and others who have died, according to the old-timers here in this city, The tree, on the Tudor Hall estate on Brettons bay, stood near the water Leaders of both houses claim have sufficient votes veto, The original house bill did not pro. vide a method for paying the cost of the bonus, which is estimated at £2. 337,000,000, The senate suggested the issuance of the £50 “baby bonds” which will bear Interest of 8 per cent annually until 1945 If the veteran elects to hold on to them, Each veteran will recelve value of his adjusted certificate In 850 ernment check for terest owed by veterans upon loans unpald on thelr certificates is can. celed, but there will be no refund interest pald upon such loans, PPARENTLY “authent fe" adminis- tration sources credited, ac cording to Democrats in congress, with a report that Jesse Jones, RFC chair. man, may become sec. retary of the treasury, It was sald that Henry Morgenthau, present secretary of the ury, may be fidential ad Presid One they to override a the 1045 compensation bonds with a gov- odd amounts. In- ol are ent, congressman, who keeps abreast lopments ernment finar cles. sald deve in cial EVV BOW Jesse Jones A Jen change already has received some con- sideration from President Roc Another added that it was “a 100-to-1 weve) The extent reports were dis however, ited to some he fact that rend ited Jones as chatrman of the fon Finance 1 Democratic that on by Just One gued representative the of his basis * treas- ce man in RFC chalr- beral to comm liberal ents direction ury the respect and cor business and “the He described the big support of elem fas to alarm conservatives, HE present federal relief program, depending principally on CCC and public works, is as much as the fourfold program which and which embraced these pius direct relief which has now been returned to the states, ling to a study of the relief problem and the government finances by Kendall EK. Analyst, immediate pr went three {tems accord For irposes, at ich re in the rate of federal expenditure, to Mr. Host, ac- In order to pre- which have been earried since last No- vember principally under WPA and CCC. In dollar terms this means that, according to budget estimates, the out- year ending June 30, 1038, will be al- most the same as that for the preced- ing fiscal year, namely, three billions in round numbers, or an average of 200 millions per month, REMIER NESSIM PASHA, weary of his job since the anti-British riots started November 13, has handed the resignation of his cabinet to King Fuad I. The resignation wag accepted, Nessim found it exhaunstirr to keep an equilibrium between the conflicting forces of the throne, the British resi dency, the nationaliste and their com. patriots. But the final blow, dealt him by the British government at London, was the thinly veiled ultimatuzas to Egyptian Nationalism, in the form of verbal instructions for negotiations for an Angli-Egyptian treaty, The sting to Egyptian pride was in the warning that if the present negotiations fall the British consider thelr hands will be free and will revise their Egyptian policy. ACTORY gales of automobiles man. ufactured in the United States rose to 407.804 In December, bringing the year's total to 4,000,486, the Depart. ment of Commerce reports, The total compares with 29753111 In 1084, At the same time the department reported an increase of $7.483.014 In exports of automotive products during 'he month of November from the preceding month, November auto exports reached a valuation of $22.408.722. This is the peak figure for any corresponding month since 1020, when the export total amounted to $27,1209048, i i UEY LONG'S Heutenants, follow ing the victory of thelr primars | slate in Louisiana, declared that thy late senator's fight on the Roosevel the share-the-wealth program as the spearhead of attack, Returns on the primary Indicate a majority of more than 100,000 for senator, governor and other state officers, Nomination is equivalent to election. LL the world rejoiced over the news that Lincoln Ellsworth, noted explorer, and his pilot, Herbert Hollick-Kenyon, had been found safe and well In Little America and were on board the rescue ship Discovery II which was sent jointly by the British and Australian governments. The two men had been missing since November 23 when they started on a bold alr- plane flight across the Antarctic con- tinent, In this they succeeded, but they ran out of fuel and were forced to land at the bay of Whales, They had a considerable supply of provi- sions, but this was almost exhausted when they were found. No word had come from them because thelr radio transmitter was disabled, —— SUMMARILY overruling the govern. J ment's petition for a rehearing of Loulglana rice millers’ cases, in- volving the refund of some 200 million dollars In processing taxes held In es. the United States Supreme court Issued Its mandate ordering the return of the funds to the taxpayers, The court also its mandate in the Hoosae mills cases, In which the Agricultural Adjustment act was held unconstitutional and thereby the door to petitions for a rehearing in that case, issued closed NDERSECRETARY of the Treas- ury Thomas Jefferson Coolidge re- his position suddenly and un- because he did not agree tion, At the same time Assistant See- Hobert resigned. both res- understood there the two kad been quit his connection between Mr. Robert time was Do withdrawals, to ————— long develop- against cCon- ctions akon by the assembled powers, by Anthony Eden of Great Britain, two definitely were an. tagonistic to Italy, one was a and one was somewhat in the Fascist state's favor. They were: 3 The ) decided taly's quest. aspirations Of four ma 4 led an gain draw ue conn. to move embargo A com- experts was n if oil sanctions octlive, ed a military al- Turkey and ns ged tain becau ell toward an oil against Italy. mittee of nted to ascer could be made off 2. Britain annount (iroece, and these nati ald should Italy attack Bri of sanctions. Rumania and Czecho- slovakia promptly Joined this group making seven nations pledged to com- bined action against Italy should war come over efforts to stop the Italo Ethiopian conflict. 3. The league declined to send a neutral investigating body to Ethiopia, which Ethiopia asked and to which Italy consented. 4. The league conciliation committee published a report that no new peace proposals are possible at the present time, and that the league should pur- sue a policy of watchful waiting, pled se NTRODUCED in the house by Chairman Rayburn of the interstate commerce committee is a bill for the purpose of increasing the powers of the federal trade commission 10 pre vent unfair and deceptive trade prac tices. It proposed these four major changes in the present law: 1. Declares “deceptive acts and prac- tices” unlawful in addition to the “un- fair methods of competition” dow specified, 2. Includes “trusts” in the scope of the law along with corporations, 8. Gives the Circuit Court of Appeals power to restrain practices involved in a commission proceeding pending final court decision, 4. Limits to 00 days from the date of a commission order the time in which application may be made to the Circuit court for review of the order. ONGRESSMAN CONNERY of Mas sachusetts, chairman of the house labor committee, says that body nas approved a bill designed to impose the 80-hour week on industry operating in interstate commerce, and that he hopes it will have the support of the Presi. dent. The measure would license all interstate business and withhold I- censes from firms which work em- ployees more than 30 hours a week, fall to provide a wage suilicient to maintain a decent and comfortable standard of living, deny workers the right to join unions or bargain collec tively, or employ persons under sixteen years of age. and In the yesteryears at one time had benclies under it and was a popu: lar lovers’ rendezvous. To show the deep affection for one another the young folks would cut with penknives their initials together on the tree. Ax the tree grew taller the inftinls would grow higher and the bark would cover some of them over, making them final ly become obliterated. However, some of the initials stil] stood out against the hand of time and could be made out, But-the tree, rottening from lack of care, has fillea down and has been i cut up for firewood hy Willle Thomp son, who has a shack near the tree Thompson says that if the tree could talk it would tell some very interest ing tales about the younger set of long ago, who met beneath the tree and carved their initials on its trunk, whic as on————— Indians Had Painless Dentistry Zapotec Indians in Mexico had palo less dentistry a thousand years ago, nye an archeologist, for they used a natural anesthetic growing wild Iv their eountry. World and Their Rulers With the return of Greece to » monarchial form of government. the major monarchies In the world tota 18, The monarchies with the names of the rulers of each are: Great Britain, George VV: Victor Emmanuel 111; Belgium, pold 111: Sweden, Gustaf Haakon VII; Denmark, Greece, George 11: Netherlan helminag : Rumania, ( glavia, Peter 11: Js Bulgaria, Boris 111; pok:; Ethiopia, Hi ghanistan, Nadir Khan; Al 1: t, Fuad Kang Teh, The ‘arol ing monarchs own since 1910: Manuel JI of Portugal, t a republic In Yi of China, Nicholas I1 of Russia, ihe rey follow + + + Ihe record of one erhititor whe has weed many brands bul whe now use: CLABBER GIRL, CLABBER CIRL BAKING POWDER Little to Be Modest About ty CONSTIPATION MASE WORK MISERY ™N *TIL HE DIS- . COVERED ALL VEGETABLE CORRECTIVE For years be suf. atv all- vegetable corrective, Nat Tablets contain a balanced com t t laxatives provided by nature in plants an vegetables. See for yourseif Note how « ently they work. No rg. Gentle but thors ey action, leaving you hed, oO Wonderful for headaches, NR TO-NICHT bauijous spells, Rae vr RE Ne ure’s Non-habit form- ing. Only 250 all druggists, Just Plain ig not nex peeari] ¥ sen. tible, Still Coughing? ; No matter how many medicines you, ave tried for your cough, chest irritation, you can get retiet now with Creomulsion. ous trouble may be brewing and you cannot afford to take a chance with anything less than Creomul- sion, which right to the seat of the trouble to aid nature to soothe and ay the jutiamed meme branes as the germ.laden is loosened and expelled. Yili » j have dd, druggist is authorized to guarantee Creomulsion and to refund your money if you are not satisfied with results from the very first bottle, Get right now. (Adv) Don’t he BALD! Don't give up! Faithful use of Glover's Mange Medicine sad Glover's Medicated Soap for She shampod hat sve] WNU-—4 NTI TEA
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers