ONGRESS began a session that gives promise of being, not short and calm, as administration leaders had predicted, but long and lively. w Right at the start President Roosevelt aused the Republi- cans to howl loudly by deciding to deliver his annual message on the state of the Unlon before a joint night session of congress so it could be broad- cast at a time when the maximum number of American citizens could be beside their radios, This required a special rule In the house for without it that body can meet but once a day; and the minority leaders made no con- giderable objection. But Chairman Fletcher of the Re- publican national committee was So aroused by Mr. Roosevelt's plan that he demanded equal time on the national radio chains for a Republican reply. Mr. Fletcher was sarcastic in his com- ments, saying: “The President's decision to drama- tize his message and to bring down to the level of a political speech his constitutional right and duty to ad- dress the congress on the state of the Unlon, is understandal in light of past perfor mances. : Senator Dickl what he called “an gress as the grand stand but Senator Borah sal jection to the plan and po cr offer. President Roosevelt the f Iowa denounced attempt to use con- sounding ng nson o board President,” we had play by the P| } the President went gram and in | if th Anyhow, with his pre i n's present conditior that New Deal wi qe ms quick co neutrality The existin pires on February ar t and his advisers his jetermined that a law shall passed him broad discretion regard to shipments, loans and to belligeren new be h will give ITY powers credits in of a strong grot Clark of Michigan and Re of Texas, the present mand Presum 3 a compromi ip, Missouri and Nye presenta e saberg ‘ Dakota Maury Mave ands exte F neatrality that the new measure se, Speedy passage of bonus its and vig American Legion, Vet- Wars and Disabled American Veterans have just agreed on a bill which will Include these pro- visions: Immediate full cash payment of the adjusted service certificates. tefund of interest paid on loans on certificates, Cancellation of Interest accrued and unpaid Provision that veterans who do not desire to cash their certificates may draw Interest upon the maturity valoe thereof (less principal of loan, If any), to be paid thereon from a date to be specified, Provision for issuance of special government obligations in lien of ad- Justed service certificates to the value of about a half a billion dollars now held as security by the United States life Insurance reserves account. The veterans’ organizations esti mated their united proposal would entail a cash expenditure of approxi- mately $1,000000000, rather than the £2,200,000,000 generally accepted as the cost of payment, legislation is ponents are determined Officials of the erans of Foreign expected, for SENATOR PAT HARRISON of Mis- sissippl, chairman of the senate finance committee, on his arrival in Washington for the opening of con- gress gave out the welcome statement tha: no new general tax legislation would be pushed through during this session Sald he: “I don't look for it and I don't think It is In the realm of possibility.” Adoption of a man- nfacturer’s excise tax wns eiso “out,” se cording to Harrison. Sen. Harrison. He pictured an unusually short ses sion of congress with appropriation bilis and amendments to existing leg- islation the principal business to be handled, In the senator's opinion a compro- mise on the bonus, always politically vexatious, would be reached and a presidential veto would be avolded. Harrison reiterated his opposition to the Townsend old age pension plan and sald It wonld make no progress at the new session, Many house members agreed with Harrison as to taxes. It wouldn't be good policy to pass such measures this session for there will be elections In 435 congressional districts in 1936, Pat Harrison took a crack at the Ydberty leasue and its legislative pro- gram offered to congress. The league, he sald, was “ready to take over the legislative and judicial functions” of the national government and might be magnanimous enough to take over the executive branch as well, The sena- tor called the league a “lobby” and de- scribed its statements as “plutocratic propaganda.” EW tax levies of more than £350, 000,000 a year went into effect on New Year's day, these being the result of delayed tax rates passed at the last session of congress. The heaviest is from the unemployment {psurance and old age pensions act, which is expect- ed to raise about £240,000000 In taxes on industrial pay rolls. Other new taxes include: Ralsing of 000,000, Corporation tax £40,000,000, Gift tax Increase, 225,000 (XX), Intercorporate tax levy, $30,000,000, Revision of the personal holding company and corporate liquidation tax provisions of the tax program will in. crease the country’s tax bill. The Treasury department has made no es timate of such income, WAT may be expected ' mer A. Benson, the new Laborite senator Minnesota, is indicated In a radio speech he made is way individual returns, $50, boost, from » on hi Sen, Benson lant 1s uss tem as well interests of business defini Mr. state banking Jenson, wh pointed by Gov piete Thon the term ws B, 8 the Nonpartisan | RANKLIN C HOY T has as federal adm ion b is been det nt of regret. and other Lis section by the Presi with pressions 8 poor heaith sons to explain letter to Mr. Roosevelt dicated that he was the liquor control N RS. EUGENE TALMADGE, i of the governor of Georgia Joined Alfred E. Smith in an invitation to the White House. Mrs Roosevelt asked her to be her guest the afternoon of January 8, the day be- fore a meeting of the Democratic na- tional committee In Washington. Gov. ernor Talmadge, a hot opponent of the New Deal, was to attend the meeting, but his wife told Mrs. Roosevelt that ber cotton plantation in Telfair county demanded her attention, “1 have to get my farm started on the 10868 crops,” explained Mrs Tal madge to the reporters. “The first few weeks of the year are a busy time.” digsat sétup. EW DEALERS speak scornfully of the Presidential poll conducted by the Literary Digest, but everyone is eager to see what it reveals. The latest returns show a still further de- cline In New Deal popularity. Out of a total of 1,370,774 votes received, 828. 920 answered negatively the question “Do you now approve the acts and pol. icles of the Roosevelt New Deal to date?” This brought the negative per. centage to the new high figure of 60.47 per cent. The last preceding percent. age was BR51. Eleven of the thirteen southern states continued solidly New Deal Only Florida and Oklahoma voted against it. The twelve middie western farm states continued balloting more than 3 to 2 against the administration, The Rocky Mountain states, with the single exception of Utah. contrib. uted substantial majorities against the New Deal, as did four of the six New England states, which were voting 8 to 1 against Roosevelt WELVE persons, nine of them pas. sengers, perished when the Im- périal Airways liner City of Khartoum crashed In the Mediterranean off Alex. andria, Egypt. The only survivor was Pilot Vernon OG. Wilson, who was taken from the water in a critical con dition, Among the victims was one American, James C. Luke of Phila. dephia, an ofl engineer on his way from London to Basra, Iraq. The City of Khartoum, which had accommodations for 15 passengers and four members of the crew, had been retired from service recently, but was recalled to replace a fying hont which burned In the harbor of Brindisl, ROM his fleld headquarters In | Dessye Emperor Halle Selassie sent to the League of Nations a vigorous protest against the war methods of the invading Itallans. The emperor | in ralning explosives on the southern army of his son-in-law, Ras Desta Demtu, near Dolo, used poison gas and destroyed a Swedish Red Cross am- bulance laden with sick and wounded. A special meeting of the Swedish Red Cross was held In Stockholm to take action In this matter. The Itallan government In Rome as- serted the aerial bombardment was fully justified by the alleged behead- ing of twe Italian aviators by the Ethloplans after the flyers had crashed at Daggah Bur In Ogaden. The com- munique also sald it was well known that “Ethlopian chieftains take shelter under Red Cross signs when they see Italian airplanes.” Flerce fighting was going on along the northern front in Ethiopia, In Addis Ababa It was claimed that one of the emperor's armies had scored a decided victory, but there was evi dence that others of his units had sof- fered reverses. ISPATCHES from Addis Ababa sald reliable sources there dis- closed the terms on which Emperor Halle Selassie had authorized his dele. gation at Geneva to discuss peace, They were thus stated: Withdrawal of Itallan troops from Ethiopia; recognition of the African empire's sovereignty: payment of in. demnity by Italy; delimitation of East African boundaries between Ethlopia and the Italian colonies by a league of nations committee, and foreign economic, administrative, and finan- cial ald and advice for Ethiopia only Italian Influence. ———— ECLARING that all menaced with violence by the Communists, the Uruguayan govern- ment severed relations with the govern. ment of Soviet Ru Minister Alex. linkin and Lis staff were hand- and the Uruguayan recalled from signed by Pres! and all members of that America 1s sxia ; ed their passports, charge d'affaires was % he tle “Pe Terra the cabinet, asserted Montevideo unists in all and quoted the abor- November was t government ion wus arters of Comm were plotting upris ith America the Brazilian tive rebellion instigated by and that the Mo its Dr vi rey mi “We have proo the center of a gigantic Roavie sionist plot and that Minkin gan f revoln Uruguay for next Fel - Urugu nation that sian \ ity of the Senator Norris Nou countries charges that in the Sovie there ntevideo legal intermediary Espalter, Uru Jose gusyan for nister, se f that Montevideo was f expan was ore izing th American Soviet Hus government, JITHOUT wn the Supreme Tennesse ley ‘utithe rity fa- 3 act Nebraska, : and mt leg. has prepared a bill for a Mississip pi Valley asthority along the same lines fas the TVA but Im mensely greater In scope. He Intends to introduce the measure soon In congress, It would embrace more than half of continen- tal United States, ine dyanced islation Sen, Norris Alleghenies and the western continen- tal divide and from near the Canadian only the Tennessee valley would be omitted from the plan Norris sald It was an expansion of his former plan for a Missourl valley authority. Flood control would be its chief goal, he disclosed, but it also would direct the development of nari gation, Irrigation, hydroelectric power, soil conservation and reforestation, Like TVA it would be managed by a three-man directorate. The cost Is not stated. Congress would vote funds from year to year as the work pro gressed, OTEWORTHY among recent deaths are those of Lieut. Gen, Hunter Liggett, hero of four wars and leader of the American first army In France where he was second In command to General Pershing: and Harry B. Smith, well known and prolific light opera librettist who wrote the books and lyrics for “Robin Hood" and many other productions, OMPTROLLER GENERAL J. R MeCARL issued an order that blocked the plans of the Federal Sup plus Commodity corporation to buy surplus farm products for relief distribution. He held that the ad- ministration eould not use the 30 per cent of gross customs receipts set aside for the AAA to buy farm products to be given to relief clients. In a letter to Secretary Wallace, McCarl sald rellef legislation and relevant statotes pro- J. R. McCarl believed MeCarl's ruling would not affect AAA plans for pur chases for diversion purposes and not for relief distribution. An offer has been made for purchases of surplus potatoes from the 1985 crop, to be di verted into Industrial channels. Of ficlals sald, however, they did not ex. pect growers to take advantage of this offer because of recently advanced prices for potatoes around th e WASHINGTON, ~There will be a lot of oratory about the Iniguities of the Canadian reciprocal trade agreement on the floors of the house and senate in the next few months, but a good denl of the steam has been removed from the punches expected from the Washington and Oregon lumber inter. ests, to be in that Canada was more wrought up about the Imposition of that special duty on lumber—added when the copper, oll and conl Interests were getting thelr Focitic protections—than about any thing Her point appealed par ticularly to Secretary State Hull she could easily strate she had been dollars worth of American every one dollar of © bought in the United States, Hull doesn't like fut Canadi hit some that master if the Washington publ Roosevelt, Lumber had treaty. else, of because demon that buying anadian goods And Mr tariffs anyhow once lumber was put in the the Pacific ceiling, and staved hit the BOOULR gan treaty, the time there for #0 hard to Po thn both ceiling reported James A. § were held and Oregon would trusty General arley election today go Re ican—or rather, go anti conferences not fam bles There were here with plenty on that news. No one the ! Insiders ! the how for the administration of the iiees made ment. The “most fav dear to To illustrate, RODE not so easy of fulfill lew In that ored which Is Secretary heart vlanse Hull's try might fons duoe this coun Hniry ans of lumber re thus open up a American lom- induce lot and the SOE OOD to buy a to tarif¥ new market ber interests, But the moment that nation did that its for other nation. Which would mean that Canada would have the same oppor tunity, on an equal basis, and probably without any quota restriction. So the net result would be the same as if Canada shipped that lumber into the United States Mr. Hull, It is learned, hopes to wiggle nut of this problem by more guota Juggling, though admittedly quotas run contrary to the apirit of the “most favored nation™ clause, Union Hours on Farm Union hours for farm hands is the latest farm relief suggestion. Sounds welrd to men who were boys on farms, and crazier still to farmers at first blush, But there i= a real idea be hind it, and you may be hearing a lot about it before election day. For—although the suggestion Is now being weighed In the secret delibera- tions of certain Department of Agri culture officials, It may just possibly be the Republican farm plank-<that long sought substitute for AAA farm benefits and processing taxes Of course there would he nothing like the Adamson eight-hour act for railroad workers, or even the minimom wage laws of certain stat « It would have to be approached with far more delicacy. For instance, there wonld have to be nothing compulsory about it at all, and no effort could be mode to apply regularly employed throughout the year who was not made to work more than a given number of hours per day, on the average-a liberal bonus, which would make the thing attractive Every one concedes the need for gpomething of the sort. Farmers and farm hands are still working absurd. Iy long hours for this day and gener ation. Yet the average product per man hour has increased on the farm as much as In many highly mechanized lines of Industry, It i= not only farm machinery which has brought about this Increase In productivity per hour of employment, It is better fertilizer, more intelligent- ly chosen, and it is better seeds, pro- ducing larger yields for the same amount of work, This increase in yields per man hour of work ranges from 14 times In the case of some farm products down 21% times, But the last figure is minimum to the No Restriction There course, would be to restrict no disposition, of the bonus only to hands had not worked the maximum number any one day. It we the number of number of working da the There this more than of mid be applied hours for the specified for an nyerage ve year Is some BAYerag as ad ing us eight hours, though others starting at nine During the hary would pre et Reason no one ase that honrs be ted social 1 the sort, grad- sliiminating salesmen of any siar or merely expert, college s» or officeboy int is that the bond selling retiring it to the If their developed the RFC is business on put the pages of our looservelt and openly stated objectives, this once very pleasant and profitable, well as eminently re spected, means of earning a living will be no more, Every one has known for some time now that one of Roosevelt's alms was to reduce the cost of capital—to force interest rates down. It has proved very satisfactory In redocing the interest charges on the government debt. There has not been time—and it may not come-—to test what would have hap- pened to private financing. The high light of recent develop- ments ip this connection came when Jesse Jones informed the Illinois Cen- tral, following several other examples, that he would not approve that rail. road's selling 5 per cent bonds, and ting ghelf history succeed In nL derwriting charge. As the raliroad had to have the money, he sald the RFC would advance it at 4 per cent, sub- ject to the approval of the IL C. C., and with no underwriting charge, Pleases Stockholders Naturally, this is very pleasing to cry from the old days when bonds were often sold paying from 5 to 7 per cent, and with a commission to the bankers in addition. For the govern. ment to loan the companies money at 4 per cent cuts the carrying charges for that portion of the capital almost in half, of marketing bonds In the future? tion, as far as the disapproved bahk- ers’ commission—one-half of one per cent for underwriting In this case-—is concerned. It Is another question en tirely from merely reduced Interest rates. In the NMinols Central case the stockholders will benefit $1,000 a year i { | Turning Back Poh Is the Measure of Success On every band we see people who have turned back, people had pluck enough to begin things with but did not grit The to grit hieve. who have point at which you are temptes turn back, the point when your eaves you, will measure your nc ment power. Your ability to continue after everybody else turned back, Is a your possible to go on, han of good measure BUCOPHER, Trouble A jealous man slways than he looks for.—Mile, Find Out From Your Doctor if the “Pain” Remedy You Take Is Safe. Don’t Entrust Your Own or Your Family’s Well - Being to Unknown Preparations EFORE tion yr for the relief pains of rhe: neuralgia, thinks about with Genuine GisCovery so-called vised ag bad for CURE-I USE TUMS NOW! 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers