By EDWARD W. PICKARD EGISLATIVE action In both house and senate was fast and furious during the closing days of the session, White House pressure was freely used; filibusters were start ; ed and stopped; sen- ators and representa- tives, hot and both. ered, were inclined to be quarrelsome. Bot congress had Its or ders and It wanted to go home, so the ad- ministration program In general was pushed through, pe One of the most Senator controversial measures Guffey on that program, the Guffey coal bill, had been driven through the house by orders from above and threats of a strike, and when It was taken up by the senate every effort to kill It, by eliminating the tax feature, was defeated. Dur- ing the debate Senator Walter F. George of Georgia, Democrat, created a sensation by denouncing the blll In these words: “Outside of political circles, It is questionable whether there are five reputable lawyers in the United States who would declare this measure con- stitutional. However, that Is not the worst feature of the bill. The worst feature Is the defect and infirmity In the legislative program that we are developing. This nation cannot re main free and happy, If we are to legislate for groups, and beyond all of that, If groups are to legislate for themselves the end of things is not very far distant. “That Is the situation we have con- fronting us. And to this kind of pro- gram the Democratic party Is willing to commit itself!” Senator George was assailing the proposal to set up district boards In the coal Industry, which would make their own laws as to trade practices and regulate wages and hours, allo- cate tonnages and fix prices, with re gard only for thelr own Interests, “This Is the type of absolutism from which we revolted to establish this Re public,” he declared. The house gave up the fight against the “death sentence” In the utilities bill and Instructed conferees to accept a “compromise” that was pretty much one-sided. This means that all holding companies beyond the second degree are to be sentenced to death by the SEC promptly after January 1, 1938. Even a holding company In the second degree would not escape unless its operations were confined to a single integrated system within a state or within contiguous states. Both senate and house adopted a resolution making mandatory the em- bargo on munitions shipments to both belligerents in case of war. This was what the administration did not want, claiming It would tie the hands of the executive so that he could exert mo influence toward averting war. Senate and house accepted the con- ferves' report on the bill increasing the powers of TVA and legalizing that body's past actions and it was sent to the White House. The senate passed without a record vote the railway bankruptcy amendments recommended by Co-ordinator Joseph B. Eastman, which are designed to prohibit minori- ties from blocking reorganization plans, A USSOLINI is determined to con- quer Ethiopia, and all Europe is trembling. II duce evidently feels that his personal prestige is at stake, and ; i s+ to him that means the continuation of the Fascist regime. An- thony Eden and Pierre Laval offered Italy what would amount to a mandate over Halle Selassie’s realm, but that was not enough, so the tri power conference In Paris was declared ad- % journed. The friend. reer ship between France and Italy must be ruptured. Great Britaln will in- sist on action by the League of Na- tions council when it meets Septem- ber 4. There Is no reason to belleve that the council will do more than it did In the case of Japan's seizure of Manchuria, but it seemingly will be forced to denounce Italy's action, and that would be enough to Induce Mus- solinl to withdraw his country from the league. If and when Italy defles the Jeague, that pretentious body, previously defied successfully by Japan and Germany, will amount to little After Baron Pompel Aloisi had sub «altted the Anglo-French proposition to Mussolinl and had received the duce's reply, be told Eden and Laval that his master would be satisfied with nothing less than “annexation of Ethiopia In whole or in part.” Laval was furious and directly accused Mussolinl of breaking a promise made to ‘him when he visited Rome. Eden abruptly brought the conference to a back to London, Captain took part In conferences held by Minister Stanley Baldwin and members of his cabinet, together with various former ministers, opposl- tion leaders and public men not in office. The situation was admittedly tense and the advice of such men as Lloyd George, Lord Cecll and Winston Churchill was sought by the govern. ment. Sir Samuel Hoare, forelgn sec- retary, also called In representatives of all the self-governing dominions. It was understood the British govern. ment would be prepared fully to honor its obligations under the League of Nations covenant, these Including the denouncing of a nation that attacks another member of the league. Of course the air In London was full of rumors of war, but officials gave as- surance that Great Britaln would move with the greatest caution, Paris heard unconfirmed reports that Mussolinl was trylng to negotiate a secret military alllance with Hitler. 1f such a pact Is signed it will greatly in- crease the chances of another general European war, AMUEL B. PETTENGILL, Demo- cratic representative from Indiana, aroused the house to wild cheering by a downright attack on Tom Corcoran, the White House lob- byist who has been charged with trying to intimidate congress men. Pettengill chal. lenged the house lobby committee to summon Corcoran again and question him about his reported dealing In utility Issues on the New York Stock ex- change market at the same time he labored for legislation against utilities at Wash- ington. The Indiana representative thus brought out into the open the rumors, whispered about the Capitol, that ad- ministration lobbyists were profiting secretly by stock market deals in se curities affected by legislation for which they were exerting tremendous efforts, Corcoran once admitted to a com- mittee that he had been a stock mar. ket plunger and bad made and lost a small fortune, “In view of this admission.” Petten- gill told the house, “the rules com mittee, investigating lobbying, should summon Corcoran and question him as to whether he Is now In the market with reference to utility stock.” T. G. Corcoran (GrapUALLY the President 1s bring. ing all the alphabetical units of the New Deal directly under his con- trol by bringing them under the budget and accounting act. Thirteen of them already have been treated thus by ex. ecutive order, and more will follow soon, They are required to submit to the budget bureau estimates covering expenditures and to go on a month to month spending basis. At first the heads of these various administrations resented this and blamed Secretary Morgenthau, but when they learned that the President was strong for the plan they quietly gave in. ORE than 30,000 troops of all branches of the armed service got well started in the great war manegy- vers in northern New York which were . Organized and direct : ed by Ma). Gen, Den- nis E. Nolan, The reg- ular army men of the first area and the Na- tional Guardsmen of New England, New York and New Jersey participated, and In muddy fields, tangled pine forests, back: . . woods roads, they had a series of “engage Ma). Gen. Nolan ments,” troops oppos- ing troops under conditions closely si mulating real warfare. An interest Ing feature was the use of a big fleet of taxicabs from New York city. Pine camp, just south of the Thousand Is lands region, was the center of oper ations. Ranking high officers of the army and military attaches of foreign nations observed the maneuvers. During the opening days the Twen- ty-seventh New York division com manded by Ma). Gen. Willlam N. Has kell was pitted In the eastern portion of the 100 square mile maneuver area against the Forty-third New England division, commanded by Maj. Gen. Mor ris B. Payne. In the western portion of the changing terrain the Forty- fourth New Jersey and New York di vision, commanded by Maj). Gen. John J. Toffey, opposed the Twenty-sixth Massachusetts division, JAPAN has been offended by our navy on various occasions, especially by the staging of fleet maneuvers at Ha- wall and the Alaskan coast. Now the sensitive Islanders should be pleased, for Assistant Secretary of the Navy Henry L. Roosevelt has announced that the fleet maneuvers of 1086 will be held at the Panama canal and on the western coast of Central America. Mr. Roosevelt and the navy high command a os ory Segmncingls. Tut yift was response to unofficial Japanese criticiem. % N ONE of those sudden governmental | upsets frequent in Latin America, | President Jose M. Velasco Ibarra of Ecuador was thrown out of office and | Antonlo Pons, former premier, was | put in his place. It all came about because Ibarra tried to make himself | a dictator and imprisoned the leaders | of the opposition. The senate objected | and Ibarra closed congress. Then the army got into action. Ibarra was ar- rested by Col. Nicanor Solis, inspector general; the politieal prisoners were released, and Pons was installed as president, ILL ROGERS and Wiley Post, crushed to death In Alaska when | their plane fell not far from Point Barrow, were brought back to the states for burial by Joe Crosson, their Intimate friend, in an airplane, And all their countrymen stood figuratively with bared and bowed heads as the broken bodies were lald to rest. None was too great and none too lowly to pay tribute in words and action to those two fine Americans, one a be- loved comedian, humorist and philos- ppher; the other a leader among the world's aviators. They dled as they had lived, adventuring gallantly, and the world is the poorer for their pass ing. RESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S cotton textile committee submitted to him certain recommendations to better the industry, and he passed them on to congress for future ac- D tion, Secretary of Com. merce Danlel Roper § heads the committee § and the other mem- bers are Secretary of Labor Perkins, Secre tary of Agriculture Wallace and Secretary of State Hull. The re- port proposed that a friendly agreement be sought with Japan to limit the export of textiles to this coun- try. The committee found that, al though the Japanese Imports have been small, the American market has been disturbed, with a resultant depression in the industry here, A continuance of the labor standards provided under the NRA code was sug- gested. To this end it was recommend. ed that the government supplement such voluntary efforts as are being made by administrative and legisiative measures which may be feasible to ald workers, The committee recommended against discontinuance of the cotton processing tax “during the existing economic emergency as reflected by existing price disparities.” It beld that the tax in creases the purchasing power of farm. ers and thus benefits workers In the cotton textile industry. The government's cotton loan policy was found to be primarily important to the textile industry through its possible stabilizing effect, Various technical recommendations were made by the report, but the prop. osition of representatives of the In dustry that the government virtually subsidize cotton textile exports by an allowance of 7 cents per pound was disapproved. N INORITY members of the senats and house committees that are investigating the doing of lobbyists started out the week with the deter y « miration to find out why Marvin H. Maclin tyre, secretary to the President; Lawrence W. Robert, Jr, as sistant secretary of the treasury, and Amon OG. Carter of Fort Worth, publisher and friend of the 5 Roosevelt family, were SR all found in the apart 5 B RR ment at the Shoreham . hotel of Bernard B. Robinson of Chicago, chief lobbyist of the Associated Gas and Electric com- pany. Mr. Robinson himsell also was there, and it was sald when the door was opened at the knock of the ser. geant at arms of the senate a “scene of revelry” was disclosed. For a day or two the news of this affair was not sent out from Washington by the news associations, reportedly because of the efforts of Mr, Carter to have It sup pressed entirely. This, too, some of the Investigators want explained.’ Republican members of the house | committee slso sald they would insist on the interrogation of Undersecretary of the Interior Charles West and Emil Hurja, executive director of the Demo. | cratic national committee. West is re- | Secretary Roper putedly the President's lobbyist’ and | Hurja acts In a similar capacity for | Postmaster General Farley, and both | of them were Involved with Tom Cor. | coran In the utilities “death sentence” lobbying that started the whole in. | quiry. HEN Charles 8. Risk, the Rhode | Island lawyer who defeated the New Deal candidate for congress re- cently, entered the house on the arm of Representative Bertrand H., Snell, Republican leader, and was escorted to the speaker's rostrum to take oath, he was vociferously the Republicans as a hero w! NATIONAL PRESS BLDG. Washington~—A plainly worded and simple announcement forthcoming the other day from the Will Plant Agrienltural Adjust- More Wheat ment Administra. tion, presented one of the sharpest reverses in policy yet promulgated under the New Deal Dozens of experiments have tried out since President came into office and almost as many have run their course and have been abandoned, Many of them were tried out with high enthusiasm but the en thusiasm died long before the recently created agencies themselves went out of existence. Buch was not the case, however, in the instance to which I re- fer because the simple announcement by the AAA resulted in the addition of 5200000 acres to the wheat planting area of the United States for, the 1836 crop. Not alone did this announcement rep- resent a change in administration agri- cultural policy. If one is to believe the undercurrent of Information available around Washington, one cannot escape the conclusion that the increase in wheat acreage to be authorized repre- sented something of an answer to the protests, even boycotts, that have been evidenced In many sections of the country against an increased cost of living. hundreds of women ment markets In Detroit and how one delegation after another in other sec tions of the nation have written or tele. ture or to their representatives and senators In congress In against the high and ever increasing food prices. Of course, boycotts and riots and demonstrations are rather silly. They Just don’t get anywhere successfully. About the only result one ever sees flowing from that sort of activity is a lot of publicity. Ch ricultural Adjustment Davis agreed to raise More Hogs (he wheat acreage Comes Next from 85 to 95 per cent of the avail able acreage for the next crop, the consensus was that the sdmialstration crop reduction program, restrictions will be lifted on hogs very higher than a kite and the shortage of available live stock for packing has come to be almost appalling. Certain. iy, the city dwellers who constitute a big element In the market products regard the shortage as appall- ing and they are not to be appeased by any promises from Washington Becretary Wallace was rather an from various cities to the effect that the AAA program was responsible for the high prices. He Insisted that the drouth of last year was responsible and that the destruction of several hundred thousand sows and several million pigs had not affected the market situation at the jwesent time, But Mr. Wallace's statements aid not go over so well. In the first instance the bulk of the city dwellers simply will not believe that the drouth had resulted in killing off a sufficient pum- ber of hogs and cattle to cause the cur- rent high prices. In the second place, wiseacres around Washington who have a habit of blurtlng out thelr thoughts without regard to feelings of others, promptly Inquired what good had come from the AAA corn-hog con- trol program if the drouth alone was responsible for the price Increase. These same Individuals were mean enough to inquire also why some ex- ture had released statements to the press to the effect that meat prices, es pecially pork, will continue to sky- rocket until the summer of 1036. They pointed out that a great shortage in supplies existed and that It was to be tinue until & new crop of hogs of pack. ing size is marketed next year, Then, we here In Washington heard suggestions from men whose job it is predicted for the forthcoming winter. Now, importation of any commodity does not take place unless the domestic supply Is short of the requirements Thus, crop control program or no crop control program, drouth effects or no drouth effects, it Is possible that this, one of the greatest hog producing na- tions In the world, may witness sub stantial imports of a food item for which it bas always been noted as 8 producer. : . ee As regards the reversal of form In the wheat control program, Mr. Wal WASHINGTON, D.C. seemed advisable “to use the flexibility of the Agricultural Adjustment Act at this time to provide for somewhat larger production to assure adequate supplies of all types of milling wheat.” In theory, of course, the AAA control plan should permit production of suf- slack of left over requirements and should have the effect of maintaining American stocks at about normal. But, in practice, a different result is threat ening. This nation always has ex- ported a considerable amount of wheat. It has, therefore, had some influence in the world market and to that ex- tent has Influenced the domestic price. It happens, however, tht the world wheat crop ahead of us is likely to be smaller than usual. If the United States had the wheat, it is pointed out variously, there could be a consider. able return to the farmers from the export market. As It stands, possiblil- ties of taking advantage of that situa- tion just do not exist. Without further reference to the practical operation of this theory, some experts have mentioned to me the fact that the 1036 American crop may not be as good as In times past. Then, not only will the American farmers be unable to take advantage of a foreign market, but they will not obtain the maximum return possible for their domestic sales because of their own shortage. In answer to this, AAA officials point out they can use the flexibility of the Agricultural Adjustment Act as a ben- efit to the farmers. Their view of the situation is that the American wheat industry will be in a strong position, The divergent opinions of those who favor crop control and those who think the theory will not work have created many arguments even among officials, There are those who think only of the farmer's position and there are those who think only of the plight in which the city dwellers finds themselves when prices are high he whole thing, when simmered down, Is simply an- other way of stating the age old prob- lem in which we find on the one hand those who produce the food and on the other those who eat it. Adoption of the principle of crop control has not solved that problem nor does it hold any prospect of solving it. It seems that the Agricultural Adjustment Ad- ministration is not any more fair with the people as a whole than are those who promote boycotts or seek to tear down gains made by agriculture. The department o ials have given out statements carrying only their side of the who attack higher prices have made only their side of the argument, Neither has added much to the sum total of human knowledge or human comfort. -. . . case, Those The New Deal plans for giving em- ployment may not hfve been so effec tive outside of Wash- Federal Pay ington, but no one Roll Grows can question the re- sult in so far as the federal pay roll Is concerned. Late figures reveal that since President Roosevelt came Into office more than 150,000 persons have been added to the federal list of employees. The total of workers on federal pay rolls in the executive branch of the government at the end of the fiscal year, June 30, was T17,712, whereas the total was 566.980 at the end of March, 1933-—-the end of the first month after Mr. Roosevelt took office. It has always been the claim of political parties that “to the victor belong the spoils” It is true under the Roosevelt administration to a remarkable degree. This is shown by the fact that the civil service list of employees in the federal government has galned very few while those ap pointed to jobs without the necessity of passing a civil service examination account for the bulk of the workers, Much of the New Deal legislation has carried specific provisions that em- service law.” victor, persons seek federal appointment through civil service examinations. An employee who has passed an examina- tion and has received an appointment §. 4 a = E of g Housewife's Idea Box Disinfect Your Drains You can easily disinfect your draing and prevent your bath room. At regular intervals, as often £8 you think fol- lowing sol inces one gallon of odors In necessary, use the ution: Dissolve t chloride Pour thi re: and then flush, THE HOUSEWIFE. Ledger, Ins WN Ber of water, allow it minutes, of lime in to 4 © Public &, Plant Improvement Held Tedious Task Years Ago Until the start of hybridizing by Knight in England, sot than a century provement was by Little's ndustrial meant that the grains and fruit newhat ago, ai “selection,” says This seeds of the cholcest Bulletin. were carefully pre served for the planting of the next crop and when grafting was used for Increase of nts buds the finest This system un- up quality and In the hands of with keen appre- is of value In plants have such as Bartlett woody p the or branches were f trees bushes, questionably ably certain and kept advanced It “wizards” ciation of what and how to attain resulted notable the this, there discoveries, Baldwin apple and the pear, Relection was effective, but it was exceedingly slow. For centurl attention was focused types and taming and ment of wild forms was alm of the Real progress pollen of the plant was placed the stigmas another to preduce hybrids instead of walt. ing for thing to occur by the flies or ques began when on consciously the same chance efforts of bees, the wind, BOYS! GIRLS! Read the Grape Nuts ad in another column of this paper and learn how to join the Dizzy Dean Winners and win valuable free prizes —Ady, No Place to Go A man wants to live on and on whether he has any other object In view or not. Quick, Safe Relief or Eyes Irritated By Exposure To Sun Wind ond Dust — 1:73 FOR YOUR The Simple Life “All is not lost” on the farm when you can sit down to a table heaped 4 2 MOSQUITOES Kills FLIES*SPIDERS : and sg. gets jai | 5 3 x is a i i :
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers