- o ONEST HAROLD" Ickes has been subjected to lots of abuse by congressmen and others, but he does not intend to let anything be put over on the Public Works administration, of which he is the admin- istrator, At his re- quest a speclal grand jury has been sum- moned to meet in Washington on Feb- uary 6 to inquire into charges of graft in the PWA., Assistant United States Attor- ney John W. Fihelly has the matter in hand for the government and will present first testimony concerning the $4,000,000 canal project in Texas. It was asserted that the contract for this project was withdrawn after Mr. Ickes’ Investigators had un- covered evidence that there was a huge conspiracy to defraud the United States, Eight or ten persons, includ- ing federal officials, are sald to be in- volved. Mr, Ickes himself said: “The Public Works administration In- vestigation division has made a long and careful study of the Texas project upon the direction of the administrator (Ickes) and presented to the proper prosecuting officials of the government a full report for such action as they deem proper to take.” This Texas case may consume eral weeks, and afterward the grand jury is expected to investigate other projects and fraud In the War department, Sec'y Ickes sev. also charges of LMOST unnoticed among the spec tacular issues of the day, yet momentous importance, the the United States against Belcher will be set for hearing by the Supreme court within a days. This case opens up discussion on the constito- tionality of the heart of the entire NRA experiment—the power of the federal government to regulate wages and working hours through codes Upon this refusal of a small Ala- bama sawmill operator to comply with the code hangs the entire fate of the NRA, for if the government loses there will be nothing left of NRA except an empty statement of desirable business ethics. If the government cannot con- trol wages and hours in the produe- tion of goods Intended for interstate commerce, there is a strong likelihood that the course of legislation to extend the NRA beyond June 16 will be strong- ly affected. Other cases now pending before the court touch certain portions of the vital question, but this case goes straight to the basic power of the recovery act. It affords a clear- cut determination of the fundamental issues, because there is no dispute as to facts, no technicalities of law upon which the issue can avolded. The case comes almost as an original case, since the attorney general took advan- age of legal machinery permitting an appes! directly to the Supreme court from the decision of a federal District court without recourse a Court or Appeals The defendant openly violated the lumber code. Instead of adhering to code provision requiring payment of 24 cents per hour for a 40-hour maximum week, he admitted paying his men 10 to 15 per hour and that he of case of few upon be to Oo cents worked them as many hours as he saw fit. What the government's line of de. fense will be Is not known, The case involves all the constitutional objec tions which might be raised against the recovery act. Decisions of the court in the recent oll cases did not touch upon the constitutionality of the main body of the act, but special section. involved only a HEN the senate passes the $4.- as it certainly will after all the tors get through, there fussing as to who Is to administer the huge fund. President Roosevelt him- self, according In an authority high in ora- that Job and will allocate the money to the various agencies as he sees fir, purpose, unless it may be a small group of advisors selected by Mr, Roosevelt. These may be members of the eabinet or technical experts—more likely the latter. This Information was given the senate finance committee as it be. gan consideration of the bill, and was designed to quiet some of the opposi- tion and also to curb the ambition of certaln gentlemen who had hoped to handle the $4,000000.000. [t did not. however, silence those senntors of both parties who still contend that too much power Is given the President when he is handed such a wast sum to dis pose of as he pleases A strong possibility is seen that the bill may be split into two separate parts, so that the 880 million dollars needed for relief purposes may be passed without delay, and the senate can then take its time In considering the extraordinary measure which gives the President such nnprecedented pow. ers in spending the four billion dollars, Part of the money may be used to put the government into the filling sta- tion business, Senator Elmer Thomas (Dem., Okla.) revealed. Gasoline sta- tions may be erected along “self. liquidating” highways, he sald, The government may also purchase land ad- Joining these highways and improve it with houses for rent or sale, Little hope is seen In reporting the measure out before February 10 when the relief funds on hand will expire. The only hope of meeting this emer- gency, it Is pointed out, Is in the pos. gible segregation of the 880 million dollar cash relief provision from the main bill One development which was of inter- est to many was that the measure was prepared under the supervision of Mr. Bell, the budget director, thus making him a candidate for the “physical hang- ing" advocated by Senator James Cou- zens of Michigan, EARING the anger of thelr aroused constituents more than the adminis world court protocols, The final count was seven votes short of the necessary two-thirds. through were made by the administra- tion. Several revolting sena were called to the White House, and the President even agreed to amend to ors nents the resolution, effects of thousands of had pouring into Washington from citizens the private, the protesting telegrams which been all aii ’r In country, many Democratic sens tion in 1530 heaved sighs of relief as the measure was de feated. Administration forces accepted it} alt { hough the long memory of the White : Seemingly resent at least, Senator William Senator Hiram the man known. for the House is well the issue is dead, with at- Borah. who 3 Johnson, led the the outcome, declaring that It was a for this country’s traditional policy of keeping aloof from foreign Observers at the capital refused to Roosevelt's policies, cut Several tribunal will undoubtedly support the administration on the than who court party ryt pad OpPpoOss i: since deeper lines, senators other measures who led the fight has HAT seriocomie “civil in Huey Long's domain is becoming more serious than comical and almost any day may develop Into real war fare, It was cen p- tered for the present | at the capital Two hundred armed men, directed by lead ers the Square Deal association, seized the parish court house in East Baton Rouge and held it an til assured that one of their friends who had been arrested wis re lensed, ‘hey then dispersed with a warning Appel to “be sure you enough ammunition and be ready for " war" $d tae of Huey Long The Kingfish was In New Orleans at time, but be hastened to Baton troops and proclaimed martial law in the capital. ordered the partial Huey im- recently ap Judge J. D. Womack to start an investigation of what he de scribed as a plot to murder him, in torney” declared : “We picked up two men, one of them was going to drive the murder car. It was all fixed up. He was going to were Involved. The senator and force me in the ditch, and then 14 or 16 were going to come along in an- “We found all the stuff in the fel low's ear. There was sheriffs equip ment, and everything.” Maybe Huey was right, for one Sid- ney Songy testified at the Inquiry that he had been given a gun, ammunition and gas bombs to kill the senator. Long blamed the Standard Oil com pany for the armed assembly of his enemies in Baton Rouge and sald that unless the company stopped the “vio Jence” his compromise with It over the S-cent oll refinery tax would be called off, Despite this warning another armed group of Square Dealers gathered at the Baton Rouge alr field; but some one betrayed them and a detachment of the National Guard advanced on them in battle array. The sight of machine guns was enough for the citizenry ; they surrendered. and were disarmed. i HOSE who wiew Russia's growing military strength with alarm were not comforted by a statement made by the vice commissar for defense before the seventh All-Union congress of Soviets In Moscow that the led army has grown from 600,000 to 040,000 men in four years. Fortifications along the eustern and western frontiers have been strength- ened, and all branches of the military service, particularly aviation, have been Increased, the vice ecommissar stated, and more will be spent for de- fense In 1035 than was spent last year. The delegates, who were meeting to re- view DBolshevist progress since 1031, greeted the vice commissar's speech with roars of applause, BE AN effort to bulld up an alibi for Bruno Richard Hauptmann his at- torneys have called a strange collee- tion of witnesses—a minor leagne boot. legger, a speakensy op oes erator of various § names, a young Swede whose stories have heen vague and conflicting, and a man who has admitted that he served severn! jail not particularly impressive lot upon which when fighting to death In the chair, One of the peculiarities of the trial somewhat sentences—a to de pend you are > 8 0 ) escaps Bruno slectrie ee Hauptmann is the number of persons who only saw Hauptmann for a few minutes or sec onds, but who are able to Identify him more than two years later. The man accused of killing the first Lindbergh child Is not outstanding In appearance or one who would be likely to indel- ibly himself on a person's mind, but both the de. and the fense have able to produce per- impress state heen sons who swear he was the man they saw the day the crime was committed, ™ The has battle of bandwriting begun, with the experis sinte the hand. does no also pro- ing experts to swear that ig on ng the ransom notes resemble that f Hauptmann st as positive the adn todd Their as were thos on writing ginterment defense witnesses le confusing Considerable | comment caused was ¥ when one of the jur Haupt woman, smiled broadly at as he ive heen made i} be the outcome Such predictions are hardly In order, since a single bit of testimony may et change the entire ¥ course of the cs URING the debate In the house on an administration bill by $0000 0 xx the term securities ihe treasury can issue Representative Reed of New York quot ed Secretary Morgenthau as saying that the treasury could not finance t} relief program unless congress ened its bond- issuing authority ho The bill, f~epared by the Treasury department, to increase amount of long ¢ work broad So the use passed the measure at once the admin piaces istration squarely against infiation, It provides authority to raise money necessary for the public works, social security and meet federal deficits, used to of the similar measures, and ‘aight funds for bonus, Under provisions there would even be provide pay ment soldiers’ of the measure ten-year bonds in amounts as small as $25, and as ex- plained by Treasury department, would be sold below par. There would be no interest, but each siz months the bonds would appreciate in value at the rate of 2% per cent, plus com pounded earnings Huge sums are involved: first, the creation of a revolving bond authoriza. tion fund of STH KKLMK: and sec ond, the consolidation of the two pres ent revolving funds of S10.000 (00 006) 20000000 (00 fund for bills, certificates and notes, be the JAraNESE forces continued to ad- vance in their drive. Two towns were captured by troops operating the forces appear 10 be converging on an area of disputed territory which lies south of Manchull and Hailar, where northwest Manchukou overlaps Outer Mongolia. The mdefiniteness of the border is blamed for the conten tion. Intimations that the Japanese gar- vison In Manchukou might be in creased were made in the Japanese diet, based upon assertions that the Soviet government had continued to enlarge its army In the Far East, and that Soviet penetration into Outer Mongolia has resulted In virtual com munization of that territory, There has been no decided change in the attitude of Chinese lenders to ward Japan. Recent interviews with Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek were said to have brought about no accord between the two nations, Meanwhile the Far East continues to be one of the Interesting news spots on the map today. : i ICHARD WASHBURN CHILD, | former ambassador to Italy, ate torney, and author, died of pneumonia at his home In New York He left a post as editor of Collier's Weekly In 1021 to take that of Ambassador to Italy, where he gained prominence as the chief representative of the United States at the Genoa and Lausanne conferences in 1022, fe was the muthor of several works and collaborated with Premier Benito | Mussolini on the [tallan leader's auto | blography In 1927, around the National Capital Sassi By CARTER TIELD SSS Washington—The new plan for gov roads, to he made possible by bills just Introduced with the approval of the administration in both house and sen- ate, is n combination of scaling down the capital structure and government guarantee of bond interest. Originally, as told in these dispatches last year, the plan was to have the government guarantee the Interest and principal in return for a concession by the bond. holders both as to amount of the prin cipal and rate of interest The new plan is a variation of this, not actually in the fundamental ques tion involved, but in the method of ap- proach. As in the first place, it Is in- tended to be applied only to railroads for which there is really some economic hope, It is admitted that there are quite a few which are simply beyond aving, economic All the proposed to give the RFC the right to purchase railroad bonds, regardless of thelr ma turity date, at the market price. There upon the RFC regards the amount paid for the debt of the road to the RFC and charges the road the regular RFC rate. This is now 4 per cent. jegislation does is rall- rail bonds as a rate This would not probably enable the RFC to get anywhere with the situ nation, were it not for another law al ready on the books, the new bankrupt cy law. Under Section 77 of the bank- ruptey act any federal court may direct a scaling down of all classes of secur- ity of any railroad if two-thirds of the holders of each class of bonds and pre- ferred stocks Were it not Hits Sharpshooters The these wouldb iarpshooter 1 new wonid The New an ia work somethl York Crip DAry name, Creel is a fairly except that It Is overcag cannot prasibly pay the coupons on general honds, mortgage 7 per cent ts 5 per cent first mv r bonds, that for the time being the bondhol are getting nothing. Ag a result, the first morign to 40, and the bonds sell down to 20 Be oO down general mortgage If the railroad company could buy in all those bonds, prices, with money borrowed per cent, it could then emerge ay the 4 per cent. Assuming tal of R100. (0 on each bon at issue, the interest on the general mortgage bond would be £7T.000000 a year, and on the firsts $5,000.000 a year a total of $12. 000.000 a year, Whereas, the at 4 per cent on the market value of the $2,400,000 a interest bonds would be only year, So appeal Is made to the bondholders to agree on this plan, If two-thirds of them will consent, the RFC will buy their bonds. They will get something instead of nothing in the way of inter est, and from one-fifth to two-fifths of their principal at maturity instead of probably nothing. Not only that, but if they act promptly, they will get prac tically gevernment bonds, so that ac tually they need not worry in the fu. ture about whether thelr railroad makes money or not. For another sec tion of the bill authorizes the RFC to exchange its own bonds, which in ef. fect are government bonds, for the se. curities so taken, All of which is apt to induce the bondholders to approve, and as only two-thirds need approve to have a court order the plan In effect, the path to reorganization on a sound basis has at least been smoothed, Cummings on Spot Attorney General Homer 8 Cum mings has jumped from No. 10 to No. 1 in the list of most criticized cabinet members since he argued before the Supreme court the constitutionality of what the government had done about the gold clauses, He is not only being criticized by lawyers outside the administration, but by New Deal insiders. The criticism, as usually Is the case, comes from two extremes—~those who think he did not make the case strong enough, and those who think he made it too strong. Instancing the latter viewpoint, a very prominent diplomat, at a recent dinner party, was asked what he thought would be the effect If the Su. preme court should rule against the “1 would rather ask that question than answer it,” he began, In true dip tomatic fashion, but then, suddenly, soeing a perfect “oul,” exclaimed: “but 1 am Inclined to agree with your Attorney General Cummings--that it would mean chaos” That Is exactly the kind of talk the administration does not want going on, Bepecinlly as it does not believe the effect of an adverse decision would be anything like chaos, A representative of Important finan. ela! Interests lu Washington has just completed a canvass of a large number of prominent constitutional lawyers who have been practicing for years be fore the Supreme court as to their opin. ion of the onteome, A very large ma- Jority thought the court would uphold the government. What was appraised as a very intelligent minority did not. tut here Is the Interesting point about this minority view. It held that the court would probably uphold the right of the government to change the terms of private contracts, but not to change the terms of government bonds, Just Supposing Now assume for the moment that the court will rule this way, and consider the results, The government would have to pay gold for {ts gold clause bonds on maturity. But the Supreme court has upheld the right of the ernment to commandeer gold at the old price. So ROY. that anyone holding such a bond could demand the gold, receive it and then have it taken right away by the government at the old price. The net effect of which, so far as American holders the would be precisely zero. of bonds are concerned, Foreign how. ever, their price, all foreign ceived bonds, to hs y nt the old So that the net effect, assuming ni holders of such not commandeered would be subject goid anded and re rate for their the gov » holders dem fut the would cost gold old bonds, ernment is estimated, less than $60,000,000, s0 good, but hardly chaos, But there are other complicati minimize this. For Instand Hague that the of American government had tied the What even court decision saction the get matter! gives that worried look ¢ i treasury tax trying to figure out the next taxes to be advocated to ward the diffi sY vert experts, end of this session, the ity of devising very is being in view George Peek Hull e The chief, has be mbarked the clause existing treaties with griff on ’ France, for als have Greek and the same reduced rates of these other countries mig ing appropriat ore American At the with Spair The t found next to impossible to define sher unil OF mv] down whale trouble is that it has been ry wine in such a way that only Span ish sherry would be meant. Merely to reduce the duty on sherry would not solve the problem, The Epanish some point, that cheap imitation-—sherries are prodoced In countries, notably Italy, Portu- gal and Australia, not fo mention South America. They are willing to duties on American goods, which would result In a very fair exports, indeed, according to experts, but only If this country makes a spe. cial concession to sherry produced In Spain only. Which the "most favored nation” clause makes it impossible to do, as our Department of State views the situa. tion. Causes Mirth . All of which, however, is causing gales of langhter In most of the for elgn chancellieries. They say, very pri- vately, of course, that no nation in the world Is so utterly squeamish about stich things as the United States of America, But they do not say that to the State department. It seems to be a sort of gentlemen's agreement among the other countries of the world that not even for the selfish advantage of any one of them may that one tip off Uncle Sam to what is going on, lest the effects of that tipping off recoil on them all But just as an illustration of what is being Gone. Britain ha® special trade agreements with both Spain and Por tugal. In those agreements, curiously enough, sherry figures for Spain, and port for Portugal. The agreement with respect to sherry Is so drawn that no sherry tape wine from any other coun try Is affected. It Is done by the sim. ple expedient of defining sherry, as far as the terms of that agreement are con. cerned, us wine produced in the Xeros with they call them negotiators say, many reduce increase in our ain from the port of Cadiz! In the agreement with Portugal the port of Oporto, testing against this tugal Covet « WNU Service ee hie Let Our Motto Be GOOD HEALTH BY DR. LLOYD ARNOLD Professor of Bacteriology and Preventive Medicine, University of Hlinois, College of Medicine. A ————— ADULTS Heart disease among young that is, people between the a twenty and five, caused almost 8.000 deaths in Ili nols during the last five Of each 100 people who died from heart disease, 11 are from the young adult Heart among half of ndults, forty. YEArs, age disease the at he group. younger this is due bacterial in age chief only a continuation of the same of death that adolescence. A the heart more to neually affect r thirty diseases the heart du ears of are and are ore the chronie heart haustion of heart, Anyone run ex. his speed decreases because he He automatic If he starts running again ing had a comp he run the same before, This is a nya of just what the heart does when is tired. glows up and ete rest, cannot crude it impaired or diseased Anyone with a disease of the heart of the in- cannot do the physica! work dividual with a normal heart. Muscular work demands a pumping heart giren action on the part the have but ous history have damn; rw terial gro heart £0 has scar muscle urally will try the Carry AeCTren ses its power de reserve reserve The wi heart vention gerve sequent You can your adoles running a race strenuous you because you short of breat and you had a tight feeling the hest or even slight pains on the left glide of the chest. After a few minutes rest, off and you could again take part. This is a typical ¢ iple of cardiac exhanstion, and it is the heart diseases of adult life began, There is a tight feeling in the chest, shortness of breath, a tired feeling, and even pain around the heart region. These spells usually some form of illness of an exhaustive nature, A beginning heart attack should be a red light. You should go to a physi- cian right after the first attack to see just why your heart is exhausted The average individual, however, doesn’t do this, but continues working and may work for ten or fifteen years with in- creased frequency of the mild heart attacks. Then when he ultimately does go to a physician, his heart is so ex- hansted that only a prolonged rest in bed will offer any rellef at all. If a person with beginning evidences of exhanstion of the heart muscle conid take short periods of rest each day, just long enough to restore the tired muscle, he would find that the heart would function better and he might prevent & seriong condition. An indi vidual with an exhausted heart shonid not walk to work, or dig In the gar. den, or fire the furnace, for instance, Many of these little duties are just too much for the heart when It is in a state of exhaustion A person with heart disease who knows the limits his heart will stand, disse A cent peri or o« exercise, to became in these symptoms passed vox TY an way some of the exhaustion come on after Sore throats, head colds, sinusitis, give off toxins that irritate the heart, make it go faster and increase Ito load. Certain weather conditions, par- spring months, may irritate the heart The heart has wonderful power of to change our lives so that we ean favor an exshaosted heart. This will prevent heart failure © Wemtars Newsvaver 1viam
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers