NJ ORMaX H. DAVIS, American am- pbassador-at-large and our representative in the naval limitation { i i § ISPATCHES from the Poles were Warsaw amazed and in plain pan tion ping paval will warning to that If that insists on the treaty, he the a costly struction Davis was the American spondents’ association in London, but his words were meant for all the world to hear, and as his speech was the first comprehensive statement of the American position since the opening of the conversations, it was regarded as of the greatest im portance. He also anpounced, for the first time, that President Roosevelt has proposed “a substantial allaround re- duction In naval armaments.” Mr. Davis said that, since no agree ment for armament reduction has been reached, the United States advocates the continuance of the Washington and London treaties with their assurance of “equality of security,” Asserting that the Washington pact put an end to a ruinous naval race and established “a sound basis for peace in the Pacific and the Far East,” he continued: “Only by maintenance of the system of equality of security, with propor tionate reductions downward of naval strength if possible, can there be main tained the substantiar foundation for sefurity and peace which has thus been lald. “Abandonment now of the principles involved would lead insecurity, of international and of costly competition, with no real advantage to any nation” Unofficially, it is said that when Ja pan gives formal notice that she is de nouncing the Washington treaty, prob ably on December 20, the United States will immediately withdraw from the discussions in London. Officials in Washington consider that to continue the conversations would be tantamount to acquiscence to Japan's demand for modification of the ratios on which the treaty is based. naval race. Corre N. H. Davis ment because they feared the under standing ‘between those two nations would be extended to Include Great Britain and Italy. The foreign office hinted that In that case Poland's re lations with Russia might be made closer, Poland resents being left out from Warm Springs to his recondi with the greater part of his winter program completed. It will be pre sented to congress in his annual mes sage on January 8. The major items nave to do with expansion of the pub works administration to provide work relief, revision of the NRA and the AAA, extension of power develop ments, social security insurance and low cost housing, and the paring dowp of $ the budget. i N EMBERS of the Mid-Continent Re- i clamation association, represent. ing 10 states, met in Chleago and per fected plans for a soll erosion and flood control program, to cost $H,000,. 000, which the association will recom with which was of Chicago, practicability. The plan, developed by A. HB. Hullt involves the ennstruction of canals and dams over an area extending from northern North Dakota through Texns to control flood waters originating on the eastern slopes of the Rocky moun ning, NTERESTING statements were made to the American Congress of Indus try In New York by two of the Presi the United States wish to see the re the decline of our navy to a subordi nate place. Recent atierances of cab inet members and of congressmen who especially have to do with naval affairs make this plain, In his annual report to the President. that although the United States may reduce its naval strength proportion ately with other powers, it is imper- ative that a navy second to none be maintained. He warns also of the dangerous shortage of personnel in the navy, saying that “ships are valueless unless manned by adequate crews of trained, experienced officers and men.” HE government of Jugosiavia has decided to expel all the 27,000 Hun- garians now living in that country. The process will be gradual but re lentless. Already more than 2000 have been deported and more are heing sent away daily. Hungary enlled the action of Jugosiavia fo the attention of the League of Nations. EACEFUL solution of the Saar plebiscite problem seemed assured when the council of the League of Na- tions unanimously and gladly adopted the report of the Saar committee om bodying the Franco-German agreement for payment for the mines in case the region votes to return to the reich. Leading up to this settlement were two announcements of utmost importance. First, Foreign Minister Plerre Lava’ of France promised that French troops would make no attempt to enter the Saar territory before or during the vote on January 13. “1 desire to an nounce,” sald he “that France will not participate in any international force which it may be found necessary to send into the Saar. We cannot par ticipate In such a force because Ger many cannot participate.” Then Capt. Anthony Eden, British lord privy seal, wld the counell that Great Britain would contribute troops to the proposed international force, pro vided Chancellor Hitler of Germany were willing that such an army should be sent Into the territory. When Ber lin was Inf of this, a foreign office spokesman announced that Hie. ler's government would raise no objec tions to the plan. All this was in effect a victory for the policies of Col. Geoffrey GO. Knox, the league commissioner of the Saar, for he has long advocated the erea- tion of an international police force for the territory. " Delegates of Italy and Czechoslo- vakia declared their countries would send troops, and Maxin Litvinoy, Soviet foreign commissar, said he be leved Russia would be willing to sup- ply a part of the league force, ne 80d Donald flichberg. director of the nation al emergency council Professor Maley de clares] there Is no workable substitute for the present cap italistic economic sys tem. “Basically.” he gald, “the New Deal wns an effort to save capitalism and, by spreading the range of opportunity under it, to enable the aver age man to regain a measure of con trol] over the conditions onder which he lived. It seemed to me In 1933, as it me now, that this effort to save capitalism was wise and just “By po stretch of the imagination could the vote of November, 1032, have been interpreted as 8 mandate for the abandonment of the capitalistic system. Finally, even had there been such a mandate, there walk and is no work- able substitute for our present system.” Moley expressed much optimism re garding business. He told the indus trialists, in effect, that they need have ne fear of any radical change in the present economic and social order, that industry was needed to stimulate trade, bring about recovery, and that in the inst analysis it would be the business men who would distribute the wealth of the nation. Mr. Richberg admitted the NRA hao not achieved all its alms In its effort to bring about Industrial self-govern ment, but insisted that its fundamental principles must be preserved in perma nent legislation for codes of fair com petition, He warped the manufactupers that the permanent law must be written in co-operation with labor and consumers, as well as private business and gov. ernment, so that there should be pel ther work-consumer regimentation by business nor business regimentation by government. He hinted that if employers consent: ed to legal restriction in return for In creased power under the codes, organ. ized labor would be called upon to do likewise In submitting to legislative control. Organized labor was soundly berated by C. Li Bardo, president of the Na tional Association of Manufacturers. He sald its contribution to national recovery had been “the most wide spread Inauguration of strikes, co ercion, Intimidation, and violence that the United States has ever seen, as evidenced by strikes in Minneapolis, Cleveland, textile industries, and the general strike at San Francisco.” Bardo pledged the united opposition of the National Association of Mano facturers to the efforts of the Ameri can Federation of Labor to obtain Sad ae Donald Richberg a d0-hour week on industry, or any other effort to “fix a rigid and arbi trury work week for ull Industry.” Industry's piatform for recovery, which was proposed ut a meeting of the national industri] councll, urging return to the gold standurd, a balanced budget, and other orthodox economic mensures, was adopted, ORD RIDDELL, who during the World war was Lloyd George's chief liaison officer with the press of the world, is dead in London. He gained fame and great wealth as a newspaper publisher. As a reward for his war work Riddell was made a peer in 1018. His volce over the telephone carried the first news to England of the signing of the Versallles treaty. For some time after the war he continued to be a friend and confidant of Lloyd George. Later there were political dif ferences, but while the close llaison ceased the two men never ceased to be friends. Lord Riddell leaves no heir ENTRAL, western and northern sections of Honduras were devas tated by a series of earthquake shocks continuing through two days. The ex tent of the disaster Is unknown at this writing for all communication systems were crippled, but it was reported that at least three towns of consider able size, Copas, Cabanas and Santa Rita, were nearly destroyed. A prEsiDENT MUSTAPHA KEMAL of Turkey has become the idol of giving them such social rights as emancipation from the harem, he has At his in stance the mational assembly unani- an more than thirty years old is eligi ble to election to the chamber of depu ties, and that all women over twenty two years of age can vole In the na tional elections. Thousands of women telegraphed thelr “deepest gratitude” to Kemal, ERGE! KIROV, one of the most prominent members of the Russian Communist party's political boreau was assassinated in Leningrad, and as he was a close asso ciate of Stalin his death was the occa sion of public mourn. ing. The government annourced that the assassin was Leonid Nicolieff and that he “was sent by the ene mies the working class.” But it appears there is something more to the event Sergel Kirov than a mere murder, A dispatch from Warsaw seid ten Red army officers had been executed as the reesit of a plot to assassinate all Soviet leaders at the same time, The Moscow government denied this story, but at the same time it was put. ting under arrest scores of White Guards, enemies of the Soviet regime, accusing them of “terroristic action” They were tried by a military colle ginm of the Supreme court and sixty- six of them, including one woman, were found guilty and immediately executed, The names of those executed were officially announced. Among them ap- parently were none of the leaders who had figured prominently with the White armies during the civil warfare following the Bolshevist revolution. Nor were there any names of men who have had national prominence subsequently in Russia, - The executions were carried out while Kirov's body was being cremat. ed. He was given a state funeral and his ashes were placed in the Come munists' Valhalla beside the wall of the Kremlin where rest the remains of Lenin, John Reed and other heroes of the Red revolution, of RESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S avia. tion commission, having concluded its hearings on naticnal defense be gan drafting its report, and it was guthoritatively sald in Washington that, If copgress approves of Its rec ommendations, government airships will surely be operating In a new transoceanic service. Detalls were be ing worked out. and it seemed likely the commission would adopt the $17. 000,000 plan approved by Ewing Y. Mitchell, assistant secretary of com merce, and the national advisory com- mittee for aeronautics. That plas calls for two huge Zeppelin type alr ships and one smaller metal clad eraft along with necessary modern landing equipment, The commission also will ask con gress In its Mebruary report to create a permanent federal agency with so tion. This would comprise five to sev- en members, USINESS leaders of the country of Commerce of the United States de mand a reform of the government's endum they have given approval to thirteen proposals to this end. - active centralized administrative con trol of expenditures.” This would be obtained by “broadening the execu ) by William Bruckart = Wasnington. Administration leaders in congress are prepared to oppose any ‘ addition to the tax Fight burden of the coun- Added Taxes try through the ae tion of the next ses- sion. Asxthough the White House has made no public pronouncement, it is the understanding that the leaders in the senate and the bouse who have taken unequivocal positions against a tax Increase in 1935 were reflecting the view they had obtained from President Roosevelt in addition to thelr own con- viction that this Is a-bad time to In. crease the levies which individuals and business Interests must pay for the upkeep of the government. During the current weeks there has developed some Indication, If, indeed, it is not an assurance, that there will be curtailment of federal expenditures Just how this Is going to be accom plished Is not yet clear but it can be stated on highest authority that a cur taliment of the outgo from the treas ury is expected to be accomplished. In making that statement, I think I onght to add that the curtailment Is contem plated with respect to emergency agen cies and dogs not Include any of the various new proposals from segments of house or senate membership involv Ing additional heavy outlays. As an example of this type of expenditure 1] refer to the proposal for Immediate payment of the soldiers’ bonus That there Is a strong demand for this ac. tion, there can be no doubt Yet the other hand there is bitter opposi tion both In congress and among ad ministration leaders the program that would entall payment of some thing like two billion dollars to the former soldiers, sailors and marines of World war days. The question of taxation always Is of an explosive character. Hence, the urge on the part of some of the new dealers for an Increase In taxation so that emergency spending might be made to appear more in line with gov ernment Income has precipitated an is sue very quickly. The proposition had hardly begun to gain momentum when Senator Robinson of Arkansas, the Democratic floor leader of the senate. and Senator Harrison of Mississippi. chairman of the senate commitiee on finance, both were called to Warm Springs, Ga, for a conference with Mr. Roosevelt. It was sald at that con ference that taxation was not the only thing discussed but, nevertheless, both leaders came away from the temporary White House with the announcement that there would be no tax boost in the 10385 session of congress Simultaneously Representative Hill, Democrat, of Washington, chairman of & subcommittee of the house ways and means committee, made known his op position to a tax boost. Mr. Hill's com mittee has devoted its attentiog to a survey of tax rates and revenue re quirements and has reached the con clusion that to Increase the levies now would bi: to retard recovery as a result of additional imposts on business. The Washinglon representative feels that the present tax structure will function properly and provide sufficient revenue Just as soon as there is a return of something approaching normal com mercial activity, He thinks there might be some simplification of the laws ap plying to the various forms of federal taxation but he considers them ade quate as revenue producers If and when there Is a normal volume of busi. ness, In this connection it seems advisable to recall that Secretary Morgenthan of the Treasury sent a freshman team of brain trusters to England last sum mer to study the British tax system While this committee's findings and recommendations to the secretary have not been made public, insiders tell me that the results of that Investigation added very little to the sum total of knawledge concerning our own prob. lem. ; * . . Mr. Hill, In discussing the govern. ment’'s financial condition, gave It as his opinion that “we Not So Bad are not in such bad Financially shape now.” His statement referred to an approximate balance between re celpts and what the administration calls ordinary expenditures. These ex penditures go for support of the regu. lar government establishment and no part of them Is used In maintenance on to and emergency. and strengthening it ency appropriations.” “when feasible” expenditures be re duced below appropriations, N LINE with this budget “revolt” is the opposition the business men are demonstrating to the ten billion dollar work relief program proposed to the President by his brain trust advisers, As outlined by Secretary of the In terlor Ickes afid Relief Administrator hopking this is an undertaking to ter able bodied unemployed persons at work on government financed projects, while the states continue to afford re lief to those persons not able to work rieultural Adjustment administration, the Public Works administration or the Reconstruction Finance corporation. agencies come from the sale of bonds, It is borrowed money and sometime must be pald back. Mr. Hill assumed these repayments were not necessary concerned solely with having the or dinary expenses covered by the regu. lar annual receipts There will be tax legislation In the forthcoming session. That is necessary. Its character, however, will be limited under present plans to considerations made necessary hy expiration of cer tain present statutes The brought the necessity for enactment of various nuisance and excise taxes such as the tax on checks and guso line and numerous others. Their ex. piration Sr been producing something like four hundred and twenty million dollars an- nually, a good sized chunk of revenue in anybody's language. It is planned, therefore, to renew these, There may be gome revision and some change in the bases but the principles involved In those levies seem certain to be contin. ued, Re-enactment of these statutes 18 not expected to have a material effect on business because business has become adjusted to them. 1 am Informed by business experts that undoubtedly bust. ness would move forward more rapidly if these taxes could be eliminated. Since that is not to be, business is hoping, If not demanding, that the tax burden upon it be held within the pres ent confines in order that it be under any further searching for a solid foundatior which to expand, indies handicap > 2 » President Roosevelt and gency administrators helieve hit productive LF Money for the Needy to it. a pro. give out those need They are about to embark upon gram of ’ loans by banks to Individual men and women and to guarantee repaymen money who encouraging personal loar t of a portion of each loan made, It ix viewed ing that a national govern: other governmental a8 exceedingly interest matter, should embark on such a policy because there are those who hold it to be a dangerous precedent. | have done considerable work regarding this proposal and 1 have falled to find in the records any such in the history important world, It is one of the most highls steps yet taken In this recovery plans Announcement made by James A, Moffet, federal hous. ing administrator, marking “a new era In Ame 1 ness.” It is troe that there are certs types of banking institutions that have made Individual, or so-called ter, loans where no collateral security was offered hy the borrower and where only the good name and the record of the Individual warranted extension of this credit Mr. Moffet said that this character loan idea would prove to be “the very foundation” of the home modernization program which he is administering. He described the action as one predl cated upon the government's “absolute confidence that the average American will keep his promise to repay what he borrows.” “Nor is that position as much of a Jump in the dark as it at first may seem.” sald Mr. Moffet. “As Uncle Sam knows what he is doing Before offering to insure these loans. he consulted the country's records on instaliment buying. He also asked what had been the experience of the few banks who up to last spring had made character loans. From the banks and from commercial organizations selling on the installment plan, he learned that the average American is honest, and that the Ings from character loans was just a little more than three fourths of 1 per cont.” It iz not the fact that the govern. ment found the average American to be honest, that exciting comment among Washington ohservers., It i= that the government is encourag ing loans to Individaals, some of whom obviously will suffer the ordinary fate and be unable to repay them. - . - research move rd “dl * 4% oF nations of Lhe therefore, undoubtedly experimental maelstrom of of the scheme was who described It as charac usual, however, is that the world be settied definitely early in the next session of congress, The foreign rela tions committee of the senate, which must pass on such treaties, has an agreement to send the resolution of United States adherence to the world court to the senate early in January and, according to present indications, the administration ean eas fly muster enough votes to adopt that resolution. Pressure for American aflilintion with the court is stronger now than it ever has been before becanse of the disturbed world political situntion, the breakdown of the naval treaties and the tendency among na It Is now believed court issue will World Court Issue rangement of a balance of power, Observers here take the position that American adherence to the world the United States should enter the League of Nations, It will be recalled the League of Nations precipitated one of the most bitter controversies in which the senate has ever heen en gaged. It subsefjuently rejected the plan and little more has been heard of ft until this fall and early winter, Now, there Is what appears to be a determined movement on foot for the United States to join thé league and some of the proponents of American adherence to the world court bell that a vote to join the world will carry the United States one nearer to affiliation with the league self, ® Western Newspaper Union, Fathers — ~~ Jugenuity ad Christmas Story By Clice B Palmers 9 WAS Just Christmas appear to material of Necessary funds for the great celebration, “Oh if John would that old heirloom,” thought Armstrong. Just charging in hefore did not two and be weeks there any menns the dear, sell Marty only then Betty and from Mother, 1 Christmas get th now, oh Jerry came school, “Oh, n't walt “And | « Mother, ity with BWwWeelly., Twas truly as eve. Moth “hildren % 13rd o id never do. The silence broken by the fin- They hurried en & all about, r of sled » 10 pee what 1 wa Were they al g% There stood an old-fashioned bobsled. Out stepped Santa Claus, “Why. ing here on Christmas eve? Mother, al) Uncle Joe, what are you do exclaimed excited *1've come to take you and the fam- ily for a ride. So bundle up and hop without delay.” All one another and tried to speak, but not a word was ottered. They sin ply obeyed their Santa Claus and within a few moments Father and all were seated cozily within the fairy- land contraption and were driven off. The sleigh in front of a st in, stared at stopped with a jerk, right ungalow all breil. up with Christmas dec neeo hb to 1 HE htled lantly orations “Why, 1 home was for rent. Bo cern. “A mine from the office Just purchased It.” said Father, with a convincing smile, “We invited its new regalia. But you were all so out that | ealled up Uncle Joe and ordered the Santa Claus rose” never knew the Thompson It has stood vacant i said Mother Ong. with great con. friend of were over to see it In of aRarts They all laughed most heartily. They couldn't help #t—Christmas or no Christmas! They had to give father credit for his clever ingenuity. Out they hopped, beaming with the Christmas spirit, Father took the lead and rang the doorbell, but no one answered. Then be actually turned the knob as they all stepped back In protestation. “Merry Christmas!” shouted Father, Too surprised to speak. they looked at one another and back again at fa. ther and then— “Don’t you understand? Oh, hang It all, anyway! This is your Christmas present,” sald father, sinking into the closest easy chair and gasping for breath, “What? they all exclaimed. Then father explained it all to them how he had sold the old heirloom, purchased the home and furnished it, They marveled! "How could sou? did you know Just once, Father had done a perfect job. But | He led them proudly in to the living room where stood the real host of the evening
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers