RESIDENT ROOSEVELT and his fellow New Dealers had every rea- son to gloat over the results of the elections, for, generally speaking, their policies and acts were endorsed by the citl- zens of the United States by what amounted to a real landslide. The Demo- crats galned nine seats In the United States senate; and on incomplete returns, appeared to have just about held their pres- ent strength in the lower house, Outstanding among the many Demo- cratic victories was that scored in Pennsylvania. That state has not pre- viously sent a Democrat to the senate in a half a century, but this time Jo- seph Guffey, the party boss, rode rough- shod over Senator David A, Reed, lead- ing adversary of the New Deal, and sent him to the discard. Two other persistent critics of the administration who were retired were Senator Simeon B. Fess of Ohlo, beaten by former Gov. Vie Donahey; and Senator Arthur R. Robinson of Indiana, soundly walloped by Sherman Minton. Hatfleld of West Joseph Guffey Jersey, Goldsborough of Maryland and Patterson of Missouri, all Republican senators, must give up thelr seats re- spectively to young Rush D. Holt, Francis T. Maloney, Peter G. Gerry, A. Harry Moore, George 1. Radcliffe and Harry 8. Truman, all Democrats. Upton Sinclair, the extreme radical, had the fun of scaring California out of its wits with his EPIC campaign for the governorship, and at little or no expense to himself: but the, national administration had turned him down and the Republican nominee, Gov. Frank F. Merriam, won by a handsome majority. So the wealthy “refugees” who make California thelr home de cided not to abandon the state, Hiram Johnson, being the nominee of every. one for re-election, goes back to the senate, Wisconsin remained true to the La Foliette dynasty even though it had created a new “Progressive” party for its own uses. Senator Bob La Follette had been patted on the head by President | Roosevelt, and John M. Callahan, the Dem- ocratic nominee for the senate, was not ae- ceptable to the admin istration because he was a friend of Al Smith; so Bob came through with a big plurality over Calla- han and John B. Chapple, the Repub- lean candidate, To clinch the victory of the third party, Philip La Follette was elected gov- ernor again, defeating Gov. Albert Schmedeman, Democrat, and Howard 3. Greene, Republican. There was a crumb of comfort for the Republicans in the reelection of Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg of Michigan, who has condemned parts and espoused other parts of the New Deal. One other crumb, less comfort. ing, was afforded them In Maryland where Albert C. Ritchie was defeated in his attempt to annex a fifth consecy- tive term as governor. He was beaten by Harry W. Nice, a Republican of Baltimore whom Ritchie defeated for the same place in 1919. The old line Republicans succeeded in re-electing Senator Austin In Ver. mont and Senator Townsend in Dela- ware, Illinols, New York and Massachu- setts were among the states that were swept by the Democrats. In the first named they took five house seats from the Republicans, the defeated includ- ing the veteran Fred Britten. New Yorkers returned Dr. Royal 8. Cope land to the senate and H. H. Lehman to the governorship by tremendous ma- Jorities. Senator David I. Walsh was re-elected in Massachusetts, and Jim Curley, three times mayor of Boston, was made governor. In the main the Democratic ecam- paign had been skilfully conducted un- der the leadership of Postmaster Jim Farley. A fight to oust the “ing” al ways is difficult, and the Republicans in their hearts had not hoped for much. They did not get even the little Sherman Minton - fda, West Virginia, Nebraska, Dakota, Wyoming and Idaho, succeeded In putting over his pet amendment to the state constitution providing for a small one-house legisla. thre, and there is a belief that he will run for governor in 1886 to gulde the experiment. Under the amendment, the 1085 legislature will pick a number of legislators—between 30 and 50—for its one-house successor. Annual sal. arles will be determined by dividing the number Into $37,500, IRST of the administration chlefs to make a post-election speech, Secre- tary of Commerce Roper sald over the radio: “We are not golng to have a dictatorship to the left or an auto- cracy to the right,” He insisted that the Roosevelt re- covery program contemplates the resto. ration of private profits and that, in fact, the government's essential rev. enues, through the income tax, are de- pendent upon private profifs “As soon as future relief require ments can be determined,” Secretary Roper sald In announcing a new ap proach to the relief problem, “the ma- Jor portion ‘of these expenditures should be assumed by the states and localities, with federal assistance sup- plied only in those Instances where the situation cannot possibly be met without federal ald. We need to dis courage the growing tendency to ‘let the federal government do it.'" (GASTON DOUMERGUE, utterly un- able to make headway against the political schemers in the French ecabl net, has resigned the premiership and returned to the retire. ment from which he was called last Febru. ary to save the coun- try from imminent civil war, The six Radical Socialist min isters, determined to frustrate his plan for constitutional reform, refused the premier's offer to postpone dis cussion of this scheme until after a regular budget was voted, pro- vided the chamber of deputies first passed a three months’ budget. Dou- mergue thereupon read his resignation, and at the suggestion of Edouard Her riot, leader of the Radical Socialists the entire cabinet resigned. President Lebrun immediately asked Plerre Laval, foreign minister, to form another coalition government, but he refused the commission. So the difficult Job was turned over to Plerre-Etienne Flandin, a left Republican who was minister of public works in the Dou- mergue cabinet, The crisis aroused fear of armed conflict in Paris between the Socialists and the so-called Fascist groups, for both these parties called on their mill tant elements to be ready for action There was danger, too, that the meet. ing of war veterans and patriotic so cieties on Armistice day would be turned Into an anti-government dem- onstration. Gaston Doumergue FFICERS and crew of the Mor ro© Castle are held to blame for the heavy loss of life when the liner turned, in the government's report on the disaster, but no attempt is made to fix the origin of the fire that took 134 lives, “After a careful examination of the wreck and evaluation of the testi mony,” says the report submitted by Dickerson N. Hoover, assistant direc tor of the steamboat inspection serv. ice, “it Is not possible to state what the exact cause was” Blame for the catastrophe is placed by the government also on the con struction of the vessel itself. OR the Information of those who are hazy as to what the Germanie Faith movement is all about, here are the nine commandments just issued for the neo-pagans, to replace the ten commandments of the Christian Bible: 1. Honor the deity, the World foun- dation. 2. Honor ancestors and grandchil- dren, Honor the great of thy people. Honor thy parents, Keep yourself clean. Be loyal to your people Do not steal. Be truthful, Help the noble, OVIET Russia celebrated the sev enteenth anniversary of the Bolshe- [JNDER the auspices of the National Association of Manufacturers, a drive has been started “to prevent la- bor unlon coercion,” and all state leg- islatures, when they convene, are to be asked to enact six specific pro- | visions “for the purpose of fixing the legal responsibility of labor organiza- tions for their acts,” The association says It is moved to this course because it believes the federal government is at last aware of the “terrorism” practiced by union members against other em- ployees who desire to act, The laws to be asked of legislatures are: 1. To make sympathetic strikes and | sympathetic lockouts illegal. 2. To make both employers and | unions equally responsible for the ob- | servance of contracts, 3. To make it illegal for any associ ation of employers or employees to ex- | pel, suspend, fine or otherwise punish members refusing to participate in an illegal strike or lockout. 4. To make picketing illegal when it Is carried on In such a manner as to | intimidate or coerce employees or cus | tomers, 6. To declare {illegal employment contracts requiring a person either to | i i i Join or not to Join any labor organd- | zation, 6. To require written consent of the | employee before the deduction of any | part of his wages for the payment of organization dues may be made. pi ————— = Weshington.—It has been seldom since President Roosevelt took the helm of government Jobs, Not that Washington has an upheaval of condi tions and plans as has occurred in the last few weeks, Part of the changes result naturally enough from develop other part comes from a sudden de Possibly the most significant of the Instead help may obtain Officials still are loath to discuss ex- RESIDENT ROOSEVELT agreed to | extend the automobile Industry code until February 1 without changing its wage or hours provisions, The American Federation of Labor had de manded an immediate and drastic re vision of the code, and this the Pres! dent refused. Mr, Roosevelt, however, sald he belleves the code needs revamp. ing, and he hinted that on February 1 he may demand that the Industry stabi lize employment and pay rolls “I have no hesitation in telling you,” the President wrote In a letter to Wil- liam Green, president of the A. F. of L.. and Alvan Macauley, secretary of the Automoblle Manufacturers’ association, “that there are a number of matters connected with this code with which 1 have never been fully satisfied” He disclosed both in his letter and a separate formal statement that he is I"unching an investigation into work. ing conditions and wages In the indus try. with especial attention to the workers’ annual earnings OLLOWING a week's conference with agricultural economists from 40 states, officials of the Department of Agriculture and leaders of the AAA, | the bureau of agricultural economics has issued a bulky report forecasting generally Improved conditions for the farm Industry during the coming year, Here are the chief points in the pre- | dictions: 1. Greatly reduced supplies of most | farm products will be seen, which, with improvement In consumer pur | chasing power, will probably bring a | higher level of farm Income during the first half of 1035, this despite low for. eign demand for American farm prod ucts, 2. Farm production will be larger | than this year's unusually small pro- | duction, i 8. This year's higher prices may tend | to stimulate excessive planting of some | crops not under production control | next year, 4. Continued Improvement in demand late next year will depend primarily on recovery in the durable goods In- | dustries, 5. “A small improvement in the pur chasing power of farm families may, in general, be expected” 6. Prices of goods used in farm pro- | duction are expected to average some what higher, st least until June, 10335 7. The farm credit situation “will continue to show gradual improvement above the bad conditions of the past several years" 8. Next year's wheat crop 1s expect ed to result In an export surplus, with prices hanging close to an export basis, 9. Substantial advance In prices of meat animals is expected, with no ma- terial expansion in live stock numbers sighted before 1086, 10. Next year's wool clip will be the smallest In several years, with prices dependent on world production. 11 “A generally favorable” outlook is seen for poultry raisers, with prices remaining at seasonably high levels un- til next summer, JF RANCIS J. GORMAN, head of the United Textile Workers’ commit. tee that directed the recent strike, in & letter to George A. Sloan, head of the Cotton Textile in- stitute, sald that union labor would be glad to cooperate with the Industry in developing new mar. kets for the output of the factories. He declared that af ter controversies sion of the textile market. Such a gram would be In furtherance of Intarens of workers and employers ¥ going steadily forward with plans for chinery Into an extensive program that will embrace such things as slum clear. ance, low cost housing and rural re. habilitation, Mr, Roosevelt will walt until the last moment before he fixes In his own mind how many hundreds of millions of dollars will be needed to carry out these projects. The total cost ously will depend somewhat upon how quickly the dole can be ahandoned, It may run into billions dollars cause, according to some authorities, removal from the dole Is going to be opposed by certain types of persons And, It seems, they can be blamed because once the altered its traditional policy and made direct gifts of money it created a new peychology and the people who bene fited Thereby quite naturally will be unwilling to have the source of the gifts closed for this easy manner of living. One of the plans under consideration obvi- of be hardly government eral subsidy for housing. Under this plan, the government would advance of low price construction. Estimates would that give in this manner times and sons, In keeping with the theory that the vate construction, advocates of this plan contend that the cost would be less than outright relief, They say that with the government advancing ing agencies would feel more secure E remainder of the loans necessary. * - - It has long been recognized that re out a tremendous in. Need Private crease in construe Construction tion, Private con- struction, however, wil not go forward in a period of un. certainty now no more than it has in other years and the experts have de cided that the government must take the lead In this direction. They have advised the President there can be no real upturn in private bullding opera. tions unless a start is made by the government. Whether this is the right theory, of course, none can foretell It may turn out to be that the govern. ment is pouring additional funds down Just another rat-hole as it has on numerous other occasions in the course of recovery experiments. My conver sations with men both In public and private life, men who are qualified to Judge, lead me to believe that there will be considerable construction re. suiting from this program. The con. clusions which have been expressed to me, It must be sald frankly, do not indicate that there will be any such total of new construction development under the new administration program as the enthusiastic exponents of the program now contend, There are numerous reasons for these conclusions as they Have been explained to me. One of these reasons, and perhaps the most Important, is that no one is going to build a house unless he feels that he can continue to pay for it. With depression conditions prevailing and with hundreds of thou. sands of potential home owners now without reserves or resources of any kind the market for homes naturaily is limited. That Is to say there are hundreds of thousands of families who would like to have homes but who have no way of Aequiring them. Another road which the administra: than 10 per cent provided the amount loaned above 10 per cent Is guaran- teed by the Reconstruction Finance corporation or the federal reserve system, Treasury officials think this will encourage banks to extend addi- tional credit, It happened that on almost the same day that the treasury policy was an- nounced, one of the largest banks in the United States reported privately that one of its vice presidents had re- turned from a six weeks’ scouting trip in an effort to find places where it could loan money. This man visited important cities in 10 states. He is a practical banker and he is thor oughly acquainted with the means of approach to potential borrowers. But his six weeks’ tour netted one loan ap- plication, That banks’ report may sound silly because there are so many people that need money, Yet, it must be remem- bered that a bank is trustee for the funds placed In its care by its depos- itors and it cannot hand out money with reckless abandon. It must feel reasonably sure that 2 repayment, and this was the thing which the bank's vice president failed to find. There were plenty of individ. uals and corporations that needed money but they had no security to of- fer and little to guarantee that they could repay the borrowed funds, Financial experts, therefore, are not ury ruling which was much gusto and with statements that this will free “many hundreds of mil- lions” to business. 1 am told that the banks are chock-full of loose cash. ports to the treasury cer released with that to be a fact borrowers who need money have no security and when business {8 at such a Jow ebb that the minimum nds is needed, 1 belleve It can be sald that the bankers are The bankers have been vig usly icized in the last four or five and obviously a considerable sy was due them. think it is a plain statement that you can no more force people to borrow than you ean make a drink after you have led him to the trough. only whe biame, crit Fears inking On the other hand, 1 of fact » . * Senator Gerald P. Nye, North Da. kota Progressive Rephblican, has start el on a speaking Unusual Speaking Tour 1 can find, out precedent. afte committee named to Investigate the munitions, aircraft, and shipbuild. ing Industries, to determine whether these businesses have been active in fomenting trouble between the nations of the world, The committee has held hearings covering a period of three works, and the hearings will sumed later with the prospect that they may run on for many months, Senator Nye is making a series of six speeches in the United States and tion of who really starts wars, He has announced that he dezires to toll the country how nations are driven into conflict and the inference is, of course, that he believes munition makers and others producing material for war are ut the bottom of the heap. But the point is that Mr. Nye per. sunally Is an advocate of government ownership of all plants now engaged in the production of anything used in wars between nations, He ls suthen. tically reported to have a draft of leg islation in mind which he will present to the forthcoming congress. He is not alone in holding this belief for at least four other members of his com. mittee entertain the same general trend of mind. There are seven mem bers of the committee so that It is ap parent the Nye plan will have a ma. Jority of that committee supporting it if and when It Is presented to the sen ate, «1 have examined records rather com: prehensively in an effort to discover whether ever before any senator or member of the house had gone out to the country with an appeal for support of legislation under a circumstance such as this. The commitfee had three or four months more of investigation ostensibly to ascertaln all pertinent facts, Despite the fact that the sen ate has voted money for the committee to make this Investigation and the money will be spent at hearings, Sen. ator Nye has proceeded to make known his views in advance, Disclosures made by the committee thus far have been accepted general iy, I think, ns showing there was some fire as the cause of the smoke. Cer tain testimony given before that com: mittee linked some of the American munitions makers with foreign inter No Extra Cost to Gardener, and Supply Is Assured for Winter Use. By J. W. Lioyd, College of Agriculture. Uni. versity of lilools~-WHU Bervice Berving crisp, succulent, home-grown vegetables throughout the winter months is easily within reach at no extra cost to any gardener who will take proper precautions In storing root crops, Beets, carrots, turnips, rutabagas, parsnips and salsify all lend them. selves to easy winter storage, either in or out of doors. The first four of these vegetables must be protected from freezing, while parsnips and sal sify are not injured by low tempera- tures, If protected so that they will thaw out slowly after freezing. Packing these crops In boxes with alternate layers of sand and then store ing the boxes In a cool cellar is a sat isfactory practice where relatively small quantities of the root crops are to be kept for early winter consump- tion. However, a longer keeping period can be Insured by storage in outdoor pits, Although the method is generally re- vely ferred to as “pit” storage, vegetables | stored outdoors are usually placed en- | tirely above ground in a well-drained | location and are covered with layers of straw, soll and manure. After top- ping, the roots are placed in a conical | pile on a four-inch layer of straw that has been spread where the so-called pit is to be made. A series of small plies is usually better than a sin Arg pit, with best results being attained | when not more than five bushels of vegetables are stored In one pit The pile of root crops is then cov- ered with a layer of straw and just enough soll to hold the straw securely in place. will probably r th pose. At the top of the pile the stray «hould be al ! the layer of soll for vent the approach about should the wveget ! the early nter, winter weather pit should layer of strawy manure, aree Cri t four-inch Two Inche be enougl lowed to TO) wl threatens be covered with a Prickly Pear Cactus Is Satisfactory Stock Feed | The common prickly pear cactus can | be satisfactorily used as an emergency | feed for live stock, past | shown, according to H. B sociate in live stock invest the Colorado Agriculty periment station. *lants should be singed with a | torch or hrough a chop break the sharp spines. Catt | like the for some after they are formed Whe swell out they are quite 1 : green, fresh state is : prickly pears should be cut in autumn and can be used In the winter. This | feed can be kept for a month or more after being cut without any material tests have Osiand, as put young Joints the Because of the high me tent of prickly pears, 8 igture con- them dition of two pounds of cottonseed cake | or three pounds of dry roughage daily will correct this trouble. A small cow can be maintained on 110 pounds of prickly pears plus 2 pounds of cotton- seed cake. Tankage for Dairy Cows Feeding trials at Kansas State eol- lege reveal that tankage is fairly pal atable to dairy cows, says Hoard's Dairyman. As high as a pound and a balf of tankage has been fed to cows daily. Little difficulty was experi- enced in getting the animals to con- sume the tankage when they were started gradually on such feed A Kansas farmer recently reported that after feeding the tankage for some time In a grain mixture he was able to get the animals to eat as high as two pounds of tankage a day without the necessity of mixing it with the othe feed. When animals become sccus tomed to tankage they seem to develop a craving for this particular feed. which accounts after it has been fed for some time. No apparent effect has been discovered in the flavor of the milk due to the feeding of the tankage. Gas the Rats The old flivver makes a good rat killer. Just back the machine up to the rat hole, push a plece of hose to the exhaust pipe, push the other end bf the hose in the hole, start the engine and pump carbon monoxide gas into the burrows and runs. A treatment of this kind will quickly put an end to Vegetable Cellar Easily Made A vegetable cellar is easily made by
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers