ITH another winter at hand and millions of Americans still unem- ployed, organized labor, through Presi. dent Willlam Green of the American Federation of Labor, has asked the ad- ministration to 1 ! | to Increase tion 30 per cent. Green in a statement asserted vell's program got William Green employment has ex- ceeded last year's level. The number of persons without any employment he puts at 8,348,000. Those without jobs in Industry in September numbered 10,051,000. Jobs for geucy relief projects, “but these emer- gency Jobs,” he said, “are not creat- Ing incomes to pay the costs.” Mr. Green continued: “Could not the administration invite all industries to co-operate in a general program to in- crease production and put men work? “If the nation-wide level of all pro- duction were lifted 30 per cent in a balanced program, adjusting prodac- tion to consumption needs, each indus- ry would then be assured that all other Industries would increase thelr production, and the wealth produced by putting labor to work would create income to buy the product of all “The total number at work in the United States was 80,764,000 in Sep- tember, 1933; by September, 1034, it had declined to 30,367,000. During these 12 months the normal increase ruled them unconstitutional and dis. missed an indictment against an oper- ator of several sawmills. The action was taken by agreement of both sides 80 as to expedite an appeal to the Su- preme court. PE ESIDENT ROOSEVELT an- nounced that, beginning July 1, 1035, he will eliminate the 5 per cent pay cut that is now taken @ut of the salaries of all federal employees. THe pay restoration, he explained, is being planned on the assumption that in- creases In the cost of flving will ne- cessitate it . The Treasury department thereupon admitted frankly that this means the for the benefit of the 700,000 federal employees who will benefit by the res toration in salaries 00 to the army of Job seekers for whom industry provides no work. Thus the number without work in industry has risen from 10108000 in Septem- ber, 1883, to 10,951,000 in September, 1034." Quite as gloomy as Mr. Green's re port was a statement of the National Industrial board. This agency noted that the general improve- ment in manufacturing activity usually occurring in September failed to ma- terialize. Instead, declines of 5.7 per cent in the { wage earners Conference number of employed, of 6.1 per cent in total man hours worked and of 58 per cent in payrolls disbursed, were reported. In addition, It was stated, the rise in the cost of living from August to Septem ber depressed real weekly earnings of wage earners 2.1 per cent. Un the other hand, the United States Chamber of Commerce In its summary of conditions shroughout the nation reports continued improvement of busi. ness sentiment although it has not as yet been reflected definitely in the vol- ume of transactions. N ANY thoughtful persons comment great strikes the closed shop. by these strikes, industries are ham- pered or shut down and often serious disorders result. To the bystander it does not seem fair that, in a time of distress, such methods should be fol lowed In order that the strength of the unions might be increased. The latest example of this policy is the strikes which brought about the closing of all the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea company's shops and warehouses in Cleveland and which went Into effect in Milwaukee against the A. and P. and two other chain store companies, There was a prospect that these walkouts would spread throughout Ohio and Wisconsin, ENRY FORD, who says that what is done In Washington doesn't matter much so far as recovery is con- cerned, came out with a statement that should be encourag- ing to the American business man. He told the Ford managers gathered In Detroit that his company was out of the depression, and they in turn told him of generally im- proved business con ditions In all parts of the country. : “The depression,” Ford set forth in a Henry Ford statement, “would be over for the whole country very soon if American industrialists would just forget the al- phabet schemes and take hold of their industries and run them with good, sound American business sense, “They should take hold of thelr eountry, too, in the same way, and run it with good sound American common sense.” S FEED} ruling by the United States Supreme court on constitutionality of the NRA act and the code of fair competition for the lumber and timber products Industry may be expected. Judge W, I. Grubb of the Federal Dis- trict court at Birmingham, Ala, has within the next eight commodity and property values, thereby lessening the difficulty in paying debts. This He sald he expected the rise of food, clothing, fuel, housing, and other living sular affairs, has gone rather hurriedly sonal investigation into has led to the filing of serious charges before committees of houses of congress. In & petition for a con- gressional inquiry, Paul C. Yates, who recently resigned as executive assistant to Gov. Paul M. Pearson, charges that the present ministration of the is. lands Is “wasteful, extravagant. client, and tainted with corruption.” Yates Gov. Pearson was recently suspended of “disloyalty, insubordination, being a trouble maker. Yates resigned immediately and rectly to congress. "outrageously deceived” Pearson and by petitions, and charges” presented by the citizens of tatorial manner.” The petition further charges that minor officials In the Interior depart. son to “whitewash a major public works scandal and deceived the secre. works and the general situation, and were criminally negligent in the per- formance of their duty.” Secretary Ickes is accused of mak. Ing prejudicial and injurious remarks about T. Webber Wilson, judge of the Federal District court in the islands remarks which “reflect unjustly upon the federal judiciary and which are unbefitting the dignity of a cabinet of- ficer.” Ickes also is accused of "un. justly and at the instance of Governor Pearson,” having removed from office Charles H. Gibson and Ell Baer, gov- ernment attorneys, and Capt. Michael J. Nolan, director of police of St Thomas and 8t. John, with a record of 14 years’ “loyal and efficient service.” INVERSATIONS In London pre. paratory to the scheduled naval conference have been quite unsatistac. tory so far, for neither the United States nor Great Britain shows any disposition to accord to Japan the equality that nation demands, even though it be merely in principle with the Japanese agreeing not to build up to parity with them. Well-posted ob- servers do not believe the conference will accomplish anything valuable, and Secretary of the Navy Claude A. Swan. son says that, regardless of its out. come, his department plans to bring the American fleet up to full treaty strength and will ask congress for the necessary appropriations. Additional maritime wa urged before the federal aviation com. mission. Lieut. Com. C B. Rosendahl, former commander of the airships Los Angeles and Akron, advised the eon. struction of two military dirigibles to protect merial trade routes, Swanson sald this proposal is under consideration in the Navy department. The United States Is now 136.975 tons of war craft behind treaty strength. This represents one alreraft carrier, two class B cruisers, 51 de. stroyers, and 24 submarines, the de partment disclosed. HICAGO'S magnificent World's fair is no more. It closed formally and forever at midnight, October 81, amid | a riot of gayety and with a final burst of fireworks, and the vast throng of | last-day visitors left the grounds with a feeling of sadness. Mayor Kelly had proclaimed a half-hollday and thou- sands upon thousands of Chicagoans Joined with the crowds that had come from elsewhere to celebrate the windup of this most notable exposition. After artillery salutes and parades, the final ceremonies were staged In the Court of States with Governor Horner, Mayor Kelly and President Rufus Dawes of the exposition as speakers. Exactly at midnight Mr. Dawes threw a switch that shut off all lights on the grounds and set off a gigantic fireworks display, This was not quite the end, however, for the lights were turned on again | and, though no one was admitted after midnight, the Halloween carnival con- | tinued until three o'clock in the morn- | ing. Then the lights went out forever. ING PRAJADHIPOK of Siam is not | satisfied with his present status as | a limited monarch and has threatened to abdicate unless the government withe draws a mbasure pro- posed In the national sssembly which de. prives him of his tra- ditional right to de cide whether persons sentenced to death for crimes shall live or die. This of course, is but one of the distasteful limRa- tions prescribed by since the revolution of King 1932 which forced the Prajadhipok ing to give the country a new consti tution. There 8 no revolution in this case, for the people of Siam generally nothing about the dispute be- tween the king and the government. Prajadhipok is at present in England his queen, and the negotiations His majesty's there said the king's fight was really a fight for the principles of and that he The secretary ex- of the nominated by the government, with his majesty placing “great lmpor- tance upon the attitude of the elected members.” who Prajadhipok claims op- posed the measure relating to life and death prerogativ N EXICAN governments, both » eral and state, are carrying determined i against the Ro church, charging that 18 been fostering a revoly- ovement. On the other hand, i% denial that the Catholle wid advocated armed resistances Mexican government or inter by United States in the t in Mexico was issued by Archbishop Rulz egate to Mexico, In San Antonis Bishops and are being pelled from various states, and state of Mexico issued an order limit. ing the number of churches in the re- gion In which services may be held to HM, the same as the number of priests permitted to officiate In the state. All churches above this number, the de cree provided, will be used as schools and public libraries. The action was believed to have been taken to prevent priests ousted from other states from coming to the state of Mexico to offi. ciate, The Supreme court ruled that all buildings used for Catholic ceremonies shall become the property of the na- tion. Acting President Rodriguez In a let- ter to Attorney General Portes Gil sald the clergy, on pretext of opposing the initiation of compulsory socialistic ed- ucation in Mexico's schools, has "initl- ated a frank campaign of sedition which reveals clearly its Intention to bring about a revolution. fod- on a campaign the vention the the Apost priests HANCELLOR HITLER has realized the danger to his regime in the re volt of the Evangelical Protestant pas tors against the tyrannical rule of Reichsbishop Mueller, and has decided to separate church and state. The gov. ernment of the reich, he sald, would not interfece in the quarrel. Some ob servers in Berlin expressed the fear that this policy would lead to unre | strained growth of German paganism and also to further acts against the Jews, under the leadership of Dr. Al fred Rosenberg, philosopher, and Ju Hus Streicher, publisher of the Storm- er, heads respectively of the pagan faith and the anti-Semitic movements, | Acceptance of Chancellor Hitier's new constitution for the German Labor Front, which gives the Labor Front money and property which once be | longed to trade unions and employers’ : associations, was celebrated In 16. 000 demonstrations throughout Ger | many. The biggest was In Lustgarten, Berlin, where over 350,000 were assem. | bled, The Labor Front includes all la. | borers and office workers, wee] a — ARS —— = Washington.—With assurance that Joseph B, Eastman, federal co-ordina- tor of rallroads, New Idea on is going to recom- Business Controlmend in reports soon to appear that there be more stringent regula- that Washington conversation lately has Included a new Idea respecting gov- ernmental relations with businesses coming under direct federal regulation. which government owes whatever busi- ness it regulates and whose profits it Hmits, The talle one hears in many places is because it has refused to permit that business to create a huge layer of fat it can feast In the bad years, Advocates of such a theory, of course, have immediately found opponents. In other words, two very definite schools of thought have developed and al though the question is nowhere near a solution nor is it likely that the forth- coming session of congress will approach an answer, one can hear ar. guments pro and con on the point most anywhere the subject Is broached. The proponents of the theory that the government owes an obligation to those businesses which It has regu. lated within an inch of their lives cor tend that Investors—which means the public who own shares of stock—are being discriminated against by their even own government. Their claim is the business cannot survive unless it is enabled to store away profits of the good years against which it may draw when the prolonged economie depres sions strike. The result is, to this argument, uniess the fat Is stored away after the manner of the bear In preparation for Yestors can expect only to see their savy- ngs destroyed from time to time, and this with sanction thelr own Eovernment, ta according * that winter in the of In opposition to this new business, one hears the usual denounce. ments of the sins of the ralls yublic utilities, but one glen hes that if ould embark compensating those reguintes, it might placing » miom on mismanagement and downright crookedness. It ia likewise that the federal gove must not use taxpayers’ money In manner nor that it should employ policy compensation, amounts to a subsidy, At any rate a new fleld has been opened. On each side are to be found vigilant and virulent defenders and from this time it Is made to appear that congress Is eventually going to be compelled to decide how far this regulation of business can properly go. From all of the argument here. it would seem that each side has solid ground upon which to stand. It may be possible that from this controversy something in the way of a new eco nomic polley will develop. The Roose veit administration has gone farther than any other in history in its regula tion of business and there are those who believe that a reaction Is due. If that be the case, then it appears log- fecal at least that the two opposing forces may bring about a compromise that will be favorable to general busi ness, which Is subject to regulation. and enable those who place thelr sav. ings In stocks or bonds of such utili ties to feel measonably secure about some sort of an annual return, - » » Solution of this question of equity between the government and the busi. . nesses which it reg- Solution ates 1s not as sim. Not Simple ple as it may super. ficlally appear. For example, the question Is put forward whether it Is possible to evolve any method of measuring, even roughly, the extent of the public obligation, It is llkewise necessary to determine In advance of a final answer to the ques- tion, whether the past inequities and past treatment of public utilities Is the federal upon a policy A usinesses which It ba of ns openly to assume a direct voice in the management of properties which It reg. ulates If there is a compensating are rangement to protect Investors In those businesses. Then, it goes into the ques tion of government ownership or gov. ernment control of private industry, Some of the advocates of this pro- gram of compensation eall attention to the public necessity for maintenatice of service, such as the railroads supply, for example. In the case of the rail. ronds and shipping, with perhaps the addition of the growing aircraft indus. try, It Is admitted that there is a willingness on the part of those lines of Sominree 10 ald the ation in time war, cracy than has been get up to accom extension of bureaucracy. administration. a& money payment direct to the busi. nesses concerned, then the must be worked out on another basis It has been suggested that the regula. tions themselves might be used to en- able some returns not now avaliable, One theory advanced wag that the reg- ulations should be flexible and that in the lean years there be some relaxa- tion of the restrictions so that the regulated businesses might proceed more freely in operation, Another thought heard is that there peting businesses such, for example, as is the condition between the raliroads and the highway users. It is of record, of course, that trucks and busses and privately owned vehicular traffic use nasional and state highways, bullt out of taxpayers’ money and they do so with the very minimum of taxation. The railroads, as competitors of these lines, have no such beneficent tudes displayed toward government which, at has been bearing down tions, It undoubted ‘ att hem by the same time, 3 its regula- 3 iil bear down further when the new Eastman legis lation whichever side of the argument one ranges him. self, It is to be that there are numerous factors and es to be considered and these, iy be added, are not questiens soluble in con. versation, is enacted So " on seen As one Jooks backward upon the cam- paign of 1834, Both Parties Show Weakness worthy of } the nethods wv rd the Jor parties two ma appear exam. Observy- in Washington, that ers the opinion oped an : namely, that the Democrats ; ability and Republics have shown utter Inability offensive pi outstanding circumstance, fensive the n all of and the state candidates ¢ debates and the speech v fo 4 * \ gv ents forthcoming if 1 4% $ either side, tl fos on re proof of the conclusion above reached : * Some political writers In Washington and position that when some political leaders take the the Democrats wero put to the necessity they mnreesion mp i fresh program, progran They gave the | 1 runnirs The minority party. if such g largely on momen called wh kn¢ publicans may be unable to take a vainerable points in armor. The net result that there was much munch mud } been real national Issues, but nothin came of it The campaign, therefore, has demon- strated In my opinion the need for a strong minority party whether that party be Republican or Democratic. The party In power necessarily is on the spot because it is charged with the responsibilities of government It is the function of the minority party to was fon h 25a r gyvantage of t tho i the The most astute politicians see that condition and. 1 believe, are at a loss as to what It means for the future * . * The federal communications commis Favor Mergers istration manent part of the nation's regulatory structure, Is preparing to ask congress tions act of 1034 enabling it to approve mergers. Of course, problem Involved in the communica gers of such gigantic corporations as companies. The implications and the potentialities of this movement, how- ever, go much further. It 1s too early to attempt a forecast of congressional opinion on the com- munications proposal but it 1s an op portune time to consider what may happen if congress should approve this step toward creation of single busi. nesses for single lines of service in this country. It is regarded also as Interesting to examine the effect upon the country if lated monopoly of all the business In that line such as has occurred In the case of the Bell Telephone system, Some members of the commission Utility Demanded in All Live Stock Better Judgment Suggested in Selecting Breeders for Meat Use. By B. T. Robbins Live Stock Extension Bos cialis, University of Lilnols WHU Service Prize-winning live stock fashions may come and go like feminine styles, but producers who strive to obtain the maximum returns from their meat an- imals should select thelr breeding stock more along utility lines, Only farmers who raise the type and size of animals demanded by con- Summers can expect to sell thelr live stock for the highest prices, regard- less of the latest mode at the live stock shows, At present many cattle ralsers are finding that the fashionable little bulls beget calves that grow too lowly. When ready for market these yearlings will welgh only 800 pounds, while somewhat coarser stock will tip the scales at half 8 ton. It is the larger yearlings that are masking the most money because they more nearly fit the needs and desires of the market larger sires will ald many cattiemen in producing the larger, more desir- able yearlings. Likewise, early lamb producers are coming to realize that they need rams of considerable size, if they are to get the largest narket returns, For this reason, many farmers are changing What the sheep man wants is a lar that will grow fast enough to ( Ty 5 ‘ . 80 pounds at f poseible larger breeds, nh weigh 70 to iambs from 1 is G0 IL Hog pro ferent probler breeding stocl the pigs are st weights wi fat at purpose, arous stretch while of pactness to sup; herds and who develops standards wil fee for the liv Selection of Seed Corn Demands Close Attention 1 rest wa ”_™ 3 #5 ’ The ¢ eq pest ® Crease corn ter seed, and t better seed a seed sw seed « Ears si that are ears at a he ing. The are most readily she ily da and by insects and slalks tha selected ; « sistant. The mind is the sele best prods erage conditions well filled with grain of uniform size. If ample time is taken for the purpose and the selection of seed made with due care with the seed properly dried and kept until planting time, bet- ter returns from succeeding corn crops may be expected by the farmer. Be- cause of the drouth very few farmers wt ous therefore if they have some good old corn left over they should take good Rodents Like Jap Beetle In their search for effective control measures for the Japanese beetle, en- rodents, such as moles, mice and the buge. They claim that Japanese tidbits for these small animale, althqgugh the anl- mals themselves are considered nul sances, The useful part they play In man’s struggle against this insect pest of lawns, gardens and orchards, how. ever, nay give them a new lease on life, Agricultural Hints Thinning apples has proved most profitable during dry seasons, . » - Columbus brought sugarcane to America on his second voyage. *. - - The average value of owned farm homes Is $1,135, and tenant farm homes $300, .- ® » There are about 100,000 colonies or
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers