EXFORD GUY TUGWELL'S ap-
pearance before the senile agri
culture committee to be quizzed as to
his fitness for the position of under-
secretary of agricul-
ture was rather farci-
cal, even though it
brought on heated en-
counters among the
members of the com-
mittee. The senators
aired their own views
freely, but learned al-
most nothing concern-
ing those of Mr. Tug-
Sell well, He did tell them
he believed the Con-
R. G. Tugwell stitution was flexible
enough to take care of any necessary
economic changes: that he was op-
posed to the adoption of Soviet plan-
ning by America, and that he thought
his experience on his father's farm
and his research qualified him for the
position to which the President had
appointed him, Finally the committee
reported the nomination favorably, the
only two opposing votes being those
of “Cotton Ed” Smith of South Caro-
lina and Henry D, Hatfield of West
Virginia,
The action of the committee as-
sured Tugwell's confirmation by the
senate, but the debate on the floor
was unexpectedly long and the attacks
on Tugwell were outspoken. Senator
Schall of Minnesota, for instance, said:
“Agriculture demands and already
has experiment stations dealing in
actual crops, live stock, and markets,
It wants no ‘bold experiments in col
lectivism® by a self-styled philosopher
who functions like a three card monte
sharp who jumps upon a box with
three shells and a pea and who en-
tertains the public with his cry, ‘Now
You see it and now you don't. Who is
the next gent?
“Tugwell's general denial, and his
specific denials, in the light of his as
sociates in the field of political writ-
Ing, are absolutely worthless. They
are an insult to an Intelligent jury.
He Insults the United States senate
in order to gain a high office from
which he can preach ‘collectivism’ as
a substitute for American institutions
and the Constitution”
HILE the delegates of the steel
werkers' unions were gathering
in Pittsburgh to vote on the threat-
ened strike, President Roosevelt and
his advisers brought forward a plan
for an emergency law designed to
avert the walkout. It was admittedly
& temporary expedient to give the
President an effective agency for the
consideration of Industrial disputes
arising during the life of the NRA.
Under the new bill's terms, boards
selected by the President would be
empowered to order and conduct an
election, by a secret ballot, to deter
mine “by what person or persons or
organizations” employees may desire
to be represented in negotiations un-
der the collective bargaining features
of the national recovery act.
The wroposed boards also would
have the authority to order produc.
tion of pertinent documents and wit.
nesses to give testimony under oath,
and their orders would be enforceable
by any United States court of compe
tent jurisdiction, similar to Hke privi.
leges enjoyed by the federal trade
commission. Vested with authority to
prescribe their own rules and regula.
tions, the boards would be armed with
a penalty clause in the new law, set.
ting $1,000 fine or a year imprison
ment, or both, for violation of their
decrees,
N ITS second report to the Presi.
dent the national recovery review
board, headed by Clarence Darrow,
Joosed another blast at Administrator
Johnson and in effect recommended
his removal as head of the NRA. The
board sald Johnson had given the re
covery program an un-American and
dictatorial tinge that handicapped it
in the war on depression: that he has
arbitrarily decreed life and death for
industries, and that by arbitrary mod.
ffications of codes he has helped big
business concerns to oppress thelr
smaller competitors,
“The rule of the military commander
fs totally unsuited to the genius, hab.
its, traditions, or psychology of the
American people, and wholly ineffectn-
al in meeting the present national
erisis,” the board concluded,
The second Darrow report covered
the retail dry goods, warehousing, lum-
ber, cement, retail food, boot and shoe,
electrical manufacturing, bedding, pe-
troleum, coffee, plumbing fixture, em-
broldery, and lead pencil codes. Com-
plaints against the warchousing, elee-
trical manufacturing, and embroidery
codes were dismissed as without foun
dation. But In the other codes the
board claimed to find oppression of
small businesses or consumers,
——
ECRETARY OF STATE HULL
sent to Great Britain another note
concerning the war debt, bluntly re.
futing the arguments of the British
government, saying it was ap to the
debtor to offer propositions In such
cases, and Intimating that an arrange.
ment for part payment in goods might
be possible. However, when June 18,
the day for installments, came, Uncle
Sam received oniy $166,538, which was
the full sum due from Finland. The
larger debtors all gave notice of de
fault, and so did most of the others.
Czechoslovakia suggested a readjust.
ment to permit It to pay in goods and
service,
In Berlin the Relchsbank declared
a six-months moratorium on its for-
eign obligations, these Including the
Dawes and Young loans. No cash
transfers will be made by the bank
from July 1 to December 31, 1034.
ENATOR ARTHUR ROBINSON of
J Indiana, who was renominated by
the Republicans, will be opposed at
the polls next fall by Sherman Min.
ton, the selection of the Democratic
state convention, Mr. Minton, a
World war veteran. is now public
counselor for the public service com-
mission of the state. His nomination
was a victory for Governor MeNutt
over the faction led by R. Earl Peters,
former state chairman.
N THE Democratic run-off primary
in Alabama, Former Gov. Bibb
Graves won the nomination for gov
ernor and goes back to the executive
office which he held January,
1027, to January, 1031.
Judge James E, Horton, who pre
sided in the second trial of Heywood
Patterson, one of the nine negro de
fendants in the “Scottsboro case.” and
then set aside a jury verdict of death,
ran more than 2.500 behind A. A. Grif-
fith of Cullman. George Huddleston
of Birmingham retained his seat as
congressman from the Ninth district,
but Congressman Miles C. Allgood of
the Fifth district was beaten by Mal.
Joe Starnes.
from
MMEDIATE relief from distress and
recovery of business prosperity fall
far short of President
plans for regeneration of the nation.
or This was revealed In
his special message to
congress which told
of the plans and ree.
ommendations he
would submit to the
next congress. He
asked for no present
legislation, but gave
notice of the social
experiments he pro
poses to begin next
winter,
The message dis
cussed the three fac.
tors of housing, land and resource
planning and old age and unemploy-
ment insurance.
Expressing satisfaction over prog-
ress in relieving industry, agriculture,
and unemployment, the President, as
serting his right to chart social re-
forms, declared, “It is childish to
speak of recovery first and reconstruc.
tion afterward.”
Taking up the housing problem, he
said millions of dollars had already
been provided to Improve living condi-
tions, and voiced the hope that with
passage of his housing program pri.
vate capital would be stimulated to
widen the scope of home building.
Discussing planned control of the
land, he declared that hundreds of
thousands of families now live “where
there is no reasonable prospect of a
living in the years to come.”
Sounding the failure of the govern-
ment thus far to create a “national
policy” for the development of land
and water resources, Mr. Roosevelt in-
dicated his intention of providing such
a policy, and for the transferring to
new lands of “those people who can
not make a living in their present po-
sitions.”
Outlining his views on providing se.
curity against unemployment and old
age, Mr. Roosevelt said he was seck-
ing a “sound means” which he could
recommend to provide an immediate
safeguard against these “hazards and
vicissitudes of life.”
Roosevelt's
President
Roosevelt
HEN President Roosevelt signed
the tariff bargaining bill he ae
quired authority to negotiate recipro-
cal trade treaties without senate ap-
proval and to locrease or decrease
tariff rates by as much as 50 per cent
in order to stimulate foreign com
merce. This policy of swapping redue-
tions, the government believes, will
result In great benefit to our foreign
trade, and at the same time will give
adequate protection to Industry. Al
ready nearly thirty foreign nations
are lined up, awaiting am opportunity
to negotiate reciprocal treaties,
MAX BAER of California brought
the world’s heavyweight title
back to America by soundly whipping
Primo Carnera, the huge Italian, in
New York. The fight was the most
exciting one seen In this country for
a long time. Scheduled for fifteen
rounds, It ended in the eleventh when
the referee declared a technical knock.
out and awarded the victory to Baer,
Cartera was game to the end. Thin
teen times he went to the canvas, yet
he was advancing against the retreat.
ing Baer during the greater part of
the contest. Carpera went into the
ring weighing 263 pounds, and Baer
ONGRESS completed action on the
communications bill and it was
handed to the President for his signa-
ture. This new law puts an end to the
federal radio commission and creates
a new board of seven members known
as the federal communications com-
mission that not only takes over the
duties of the radio board but also all
control that has been exercised by the
interstate commerce commission over
telegraphic and telephonic communi-
cations,
As set forth in the law, Its enact.
ment is for the purpose of regulating
interstate and foreign commerce in
communication by wire and radio to
make available, so far as possible, to
all the people of the United States a
rapid, efficient, nation-wide and world
wide wire and radio communication
service with adequate facilities, at
reasonable charges, for the purpose of
national defense and for the purpose
of securing a more effective execution
of this policy by centralizing authority
heretofore granted by law to several
agencies; and by granting additional
authority with redpect to interstate
and foreign commerce In wire and
radio communication,
A significant new provision which the
bill earries into law is the assertion
of full control over all wire and radio
communications by the government in
case of war or “public peril.” Under
this section the President has author-
ity to take over all wire
offices
sation to persons entitled thereto.
ARGELY
Norman
sador at
men at
through the
Davis, American
the
were persuaded
drop their quarreling
and adopt a mild
large,
Geneva
that
fe
ment
Great
prolonged the
of disarma
conference
Britain and
France upon
a plan, on the
return of Germany to
the conference, and
the aid of Italy was
enlisted. It was ar
ranged that Chancel
lor Hitler should go
to Venice and that Premier Musso
linl should fly to that to confer
with his fellow dictator, whom he had
never Later Louis Barthou,
French minister, is expected
to go to for a talk with Mus
solini In which the misunderstandings
between their countries may be ironed
out,
Mussolini and Hitler were to discuss
European policies generally, and, spe-
cifically, the German claims to full
armament and the Austrian question,
involving Nazi propaganda in the lat.
ter country,
This Anglo-French compromise was
a diplomatic setback for Russia, but
the Soviet republic countered with the
announcement that it had been recog.
nized by Czechoslovakia and Rumania,
Recognition by Jugosiavia was expect.
ed to follow shortly. Maxim Litvinov's
announcement was taken to mean that
the Rossians intend to go ahead with
their policy of encircling Germany.
The recognition was effected by an
exchange of letters between Litvinov
and Dr. Edward Benes, foreign min-
ister of Czechoslovakia, and Nicholas
Titulescu, foreign minister of Ru
mania. After suggesting an early ex
change of which will as
sure that relations between their coun.
tries “will always remain friendly and
correct,” each of these Jetters adds
the phrase, “our peoples will collabo-
rate in the future to maintain the
peace of the world.”
German papers agree a new chapter
in relations between Soviet Russia and
the powers of southeastern Europe
has been opened. It is expected the
next step probably will be the conecln-
gion of a commercial agreement be
the
agreed
based
Premier
Mussolini
City
met,
foreign
Rome
ministers,
pacts are said to be in the back
ground.
A committee of the disarmament
conference had under comsideration
the matter of guarantees for any con
vention which may be agreed upon:
to the Japanese delegate he sald his
government could not consent to guar.
antees without reservations. There
upon the Russian delegate sald the
Soviet government would not accept
any such agreement that was not
signed by Japan.
VEN
guecess In passing the bill for a cen-
sus of the unemployed, and many of
them voted against it or were absent
when it came up for final passage,
That it was designed mainly to give
jobs for the faithful at the expense
of the national treasury was clear, for
Jobs until after the November con-
gressional elections. Then they will
receive $2 a day for a long period, ob-
taining answers to an elaborate ques.
tionnaire.
ROUTH-STRICKEN regions of the
Middle West were blessed with
soaking rains, and hope was held out
for forage crops and corn. The earlier
crops, however, are ruined over most
of the area. Secretary Wallace, after
a trip through the “dry” states, de-
scribed the drouth as a “tragedy” for
the farmers who are suffering from its
ravages, but a possible future “bless.
ing for the country as a whole”
LIN DUTRA, professional of a
California country club,, now
wears the crown of open golf cham.
pion of the United States, won
| the title by shooting a 203 for 72 holes.
Mational Topics Interpreted
=
Washington. —President Roosevelt's
broad conception of reform in the
countryssocial
Social Reform structure has now
been given the coun-
Program try. In it, he has
presented the embryonic propositions
which he intends to submit to the con-
gress that convenes in January, 1935.
Everywhere around the capital city, I
believe, It is accepted as a statement
upon which he expects that Democrat-
fc representatives and senators will
seek to be re-elected in the November
elections,
Disregarding for a moment the views
obtainable as to the merits of the proj-
ects which he laid down in his mes
sage to congress outlining his social
reform program, I find that most lead-
£rs look upon the Roosevelt statement
a8 one from which he can determine
his future policy. It will work out this
way, 1 am informed: if the voters elect
ers for the house and senate again this
President will consider that
If,
I am told that Mr. Roosevelt would be
likely to consider that as a mandate to
As I reported to you several weeks
Mr. Roosevelt has now rounded
course should be. At that time, I pre-
dicted he would find it opportune just
before congress quit for the session
to toss his ideas into the hopper for
mastication during the summer months,
It can now be sald that he has elected
to go Into battle with the opposition
without quarter, for his message made
He de
present |
:
as an alternative,
clared they were unable
any plans for human happiness and
that they proposed to go back to the
“old order” which md broken down
completely in the past
The President asserted that he pro-
posed to make the “security of the
citizen and his family” the first con-
sideration of government. And to ac-
complish that, he explained, it was
necessary to toss aside many of the
traditions and practices to which we
long have adhered.
“People,” he sald, “want decent
homes to live in; they want to locate
them where they can engage in piro-
ductive work; and they want some
safeguard against misfortunes which
cannot be wholly eliminated in this
man-made world of ours™
Mr. Roosevelt's message was decid
edly general in tone. He avoided
specifications, But the general thoughts
were certainly clear to all and sundry,
and it Is upon these general thoughts
that the issues are to be drawn. In
deed, they have already Been drawn
80 It cannot be doubted that
throughout the coming campaigns, we
8 hew
by Mr.
The Roosevelt supporters
io
Repub-
destruction of property
Some observers here thought there
might be some link between the deliv-
ery of the Presi
NolLink With dent's message at
selected and the
threats of strikes. They professed to
tive to satisfy many citizens as to his
I amin a po
sition to say, however, that there was
no connection between the unsettled
along In regular course, If it has had,
or is to have, any effect on the threats
cidence.
The strikes have been bred of differ
ent causes than the things about which
He is proposing such things as old age
insurance, additional government mon-
ey for loans to persons who want to
buy homes, the transfer of those liv-
ing In barren spots (insofar as jobs
are concerned) to sections and com-
munities where work is obtainable, and
a general paternalism on the part of
the national government. In other
words, Mr. Roosevelt's plans contem-
plate a long range development and
have no reference to NRA schemes, its
codes or what have you. It does re.
late directly to the movements under.
taken by the Agricultural Adjustment
administration which have gone a long
why-and it wants to go much farther
~in regulating the production of farms
and In controlling what farmers do
with their land,
With reference to this phase, it can
be said that Mr, Roosevelt is willing
to abandon millions of acres of land
and to have the people who
live upon land that is worn
forred to good Innd. It is a propos:
tion that will Involve the use of untold
millions of dollars, and it is to be as
sumed that it will be money paid into
the treasury by taxpayers, supplied the
fers will be handled, but
will add to the surplus about which the
Agricultural Adjustment administra-
ticn has been complaining,
» * *
Now that we have a new law that
authority to control
Velvet Beans Are
Good for Forage
Dairy Farmer Finds They
Produce Well Planted
With Corn Crop.
By Encs C, Miair, Agronomist North Caro.
ina Biste Collage of Agricul @
WHNU Bervice
Velvet beans planted with corn is an
excellent winter dairy forage.” This
is the experience of a North Carolina
farmer who operates a small dairy.
land to corn and velvet
ary weather of the sum
light, sandy
The
in
the
made rank
tropical
the
aown
growth.
storms blew
August,
corn
Little grain
stocks and bonds are
sold, as well as a
law by which the government controls
the issuance and sale of such securi
Our Lives
examination
is going to
of the new agency
run that show. It
seen a far ery from the stock
change Wall Street to the
country school house, but this new law
is so far-reaching In its effect and in
its scope of jurisdiction that it touches
that little country school and the lives
of all of us 1 judge the
pressions 1 have picked up that pass
law has
may
of
from
age of the exchange control
brought us to a turning point in
matter of what we do with the extra
few dolinrs that we can ss
vest with expectation of
» and In
turn of interest,
’ to
whether anything {s accomplished
der the combination control
issues and stock exchange will
entirely on administration of the laws.
That is to if is to
there must
tion of
cording
ihe consensus seems
in
’
of security
gay, good
be reasonable
to the general view of those
directly affected, The stock exchange
control law underwent a ipajor oper-
ation in congress from the manner in
which the professors of the brain trust
had drawn it, originally, Until those
objectionable features were eliminated,
there was a battle royal in house and
senate, Since omitted
were deemed too radical by congress,
it Is to be assumed there was merit in
the claims of brokers and investors in
stocks that the bill
dammed up money that
could have been put to work and used
the features
would have
otherwise
ecssarily has to operate to a great ex-
tent on borrowed funds, credit
here that there is still a serious prob-
lem ahead in the matter of keeping the
channels open for investment funds.
It is asserted by many that “the pro
fessorial type of mind” should not be
man commission that is set up to rule
this phase of commerce. 1 think no
one can deny that there
But the farmer turned
misfortune into
this appar
good account
22
ficient feed to keep the cows In heavy
milk flow throughout the winter. No
cept during a few cold days when they
could not be turned Into an open feild
March
15,
mentioned,
£1}
without
he began
With the extra has
kept on the bean {
spring plowing
At that time
bean
feeding hay,
quantity of
As & result of
and satisfactory
have about
his cows every
“yr
on
Urges Liberal Feeding
for the Sows With Pigs
Producing milk for hung is
the hardest work the brood sow does.
pigs
gry
as shown by her loss In welght of from
25 to 40 pounds, says EF
swine ht Un
Minnesota farm. Feeds for milk
Ferrin,
ishandman, versity of
Te
pro
duction need to be high in protein and
minerals because of the
Arge amounts
of these n but corn
also is
itrients 1 milk,
impo its high energy
the cheapest
if
iy other feeds fur.
grain
care Is used to »
nishing
Pasture is one of the best stimulants
Before the graz-
ing season begins, green leafy alfalfa
is a Skimmilk
and shot be fed liberally.
protein and minerals
for milk production
os Pt] § vy
good substitute,
and growing pigs, especially when com.
with shorts or middlings as
Buttermilk has the same feed-
change operations
they will do so, Yet, the thought held
by some of the real authorities is that
damage the fleld of finance beyond
measure. Selection of men for the
jobs who would exercise their author
ity with restraint as well as with in-
telligence was imperative from the
start, or else I am convinced the whole
country would suffer because there
conld be no distribution of the securi-
ties, Bonds on the little country
school house would be difficult to sell,
and mortgage lenders, who sell bonds
against those mortgages, would be
against a wall
- - *
Democrats continued
the dying gasp of the
Seventy-third con
Still Pie gress to seek po
litical pie for their
H &ry constituents. They
are still ple hungry now, insofar as
one attempted raid on government jobs
is concerned. A broad jump was at-
tempted in the house to place several
hundred extra workers in the general
accounting office for the purpose of
auditing the expenditures of the sev-
eral dozen Roosevelt agencies that are
denominated by their critics as the
“alphabetical soup.” Up to this time,
J. R. McQOarl, the comptroller general
of the United States, has had little
chance to find out what the alphabet.
ical agencies have been doing with the
vast sums appropriated for them or
allocated them by the President from
the various huge appropriations. He
has to, and does, pass on the expendi-
tures of the regularly established gov-
ernment agencies, but none of the new
ones were put under his watchful eye.
Mr. Roosevelt ordered the audit. To
do the job, however, required addi
tional help for Mr. McOarl, and about
$1,000,000 was included in a deficiency
appropriation bill, The pie-hidnters
saw a fine chance, and they never over.
look any chance. So they slipped a
line Into the appropriation bill that
sald the extra workers were to be
chosen without regard for the civil
service. What a huge piece of ple, in
fact, many pieces of ple!
But something happened to the well
laid plan. Somewhere the language
got changed to read that the comptrol
ler general “may appoint” the extra
workers without regard for the civil
service instead of the command that
he “shall appoint” And, in this case,
the change is of vart importance to
maintenance of the elvil service as a
" method of employment.
© by Western Newspaper Union,
Numerous
right up to
damp, rainy weather.
fire needed
is fed
Self-feeding the sow and pigs is both
logical and Seif-feeding
can be begun when the pigs are about
three weeks old, Jf they are in lots
or on pasture where they get exercise.
Shelled corn and wheat middlings are
plus tankage or a
Tankage and
unless consider.
economical
mixture.
protein
Fattening Lambs
Many feeders claim that lambs can
be more economically finished for the
market by self-feeding thap by band.
This claim is based prin.
saves man labor, and that is po doubt
true. However, when only one or two
carloads of lambs are fed, the saving
of labor is not quite so evident, if, in-
deed, there is any saving at all. There
are also several other factors which
must be taken into consideration in
making a choice between the two
methods of feeding, that sometimes
have a greater effect upon the costs of
production than the factor of labor.
In the Windrows
According to “Internal Debts of the
United States,” by Clark & Galloway,
about 60 per cent of American farms
have no debts on them at all
. Ad - *
A survey indicates acreage planted
to watermelons in the southern part of
Georgia Is Increased 30 to 40 per cent
this season.
- » »
The world’s sheep population is esti-
mated at 500,000,000. From this sheep
population the world’s wool clip each
year Is around 1,500,000 tons,
- . .
The yield of protein from soybeans
-pound for pound--is twice that of
meat, four times that of eggs, wheat
and other cereals, and twice that of
pavy beans
* 9 »
Soybeans, cowpeas and similar leg-
ume crops are not considered feed
crops under the AAA ruling, but in.
stead are classified az hay crops.
.
Hawaii's 1033 pineapple pack of ap.
proximately 8,000,000 cases was esti.
mated to have a value of $22,400,000.
.
»
Ohio has only 75 per cent as many
cattle on feed this year and the Corn
Belt has but 88 per cent as many as a
year ago, the United States Depart.
ment of Agriculture reports,
. ® »
From practical experience the De
partment of Agriculture has learned
that temporary check of dams of
brush built to stop erosion, will last
from two and one-half to three years.