BEFORE a vast multitude of per sons gathered at Gettysburg battle fleldPresident Roosevelt delivered a Me- morial day address that was in effect a vigorous attack on critics of his plans for national recovery. In- troduced by Governor Pinchot as *‘the first citizen of the world" Mr. Roosevelt first paid eloquent tribute to the men of the North and South who { fought bravely on i that historic field, and described how the sections of the nation had been welded into one, its unity being alded by foreign wars, until now all sectionalism has disappeared. He continued: “We are all brothers now in a new understanding. The grain farmers of the West do not set themselves up for preference if we seek at the same time to help the cotton farmers of the South: mor do the tobacco growers complain of discrimination If, at the same time, we help the cattie men of the plains and mountains, “In our planning to lift industry to normal prosperity the farmer upholds our efforts. And as we give the farm- er a long sought equality the city worker understands and helps. All of us share in whatever good comes to the average man. We know that we all have a stake—a partnership in the government of our country “Today we have many knowing each other—means doom of sectionalism, ig I think, as I survey the picture from every angle, a simple fact that the chief hindrance to progress comes from three which, thank God, grow less in importance with the ding of President Roosevelt sounded the elements growth of & clearer understan our purposes on the part of the over- whelming “These groups are those to stir op political build political advantage by the tortion of cts: those who, by declin- ing follow 10 ! game, seek to gal those who those few never been willin in thelr fellow Americans, dwell of their own narrow sp represent the selfishness of sed ism which has no place in our na life.” ma jority. who seek or to dis- to an unfair advant ¢ age over and 15¢ they have live up to wh till, beea he rules; aka 2 fo bg g to take an interest heres OING 3 York, the President en the cruiser Indianapolis, put sea and reviewed the J c which, as assistant secretary navy, he helped to com World war and In which he main- tains the warmest Interest. With him were Secretary Swanson and Josephus Daniels, the war time navy secretary. There were some other distinguished guests, but members of congress tried in vain to get aboard ‘he Indianapolis was anchored about a mile from Ambrose lightship, and 88 fighting ships passed proudly in review. The Pennsylvania, flying the four-starred flag of Admiral David A. Sellers, commander of the fleet, led the parade and then, with the Louis ville, turned out of line and anchored near the Indianapolis. It was an im- posing spectacle, such as had not been witnessed since the early days of Pres. ident Coolidge’s administration, from New Gettyshurg y oho on MIrseq on out to ny i" an fleet, of erie the turing aur mand ng T THE annual exercises at the United States Naval academy 463 midshipmen were graduated. A total of 332 were commissioned ensigns in the navy, 25 lieutenants in the marine corps, one lieutenant in the Philippine scouts and 105 will resign. NDER the present administration the navy is doing quite well, but the army feels that It is neglected. Secretary of War Dern and Newton D. Baker, who held the portfolio dur ing the war, appeared before the house military affairs committee and urged the passage of the Thompson bill, which would Increase the strength of the army to 165,000 enlisted men and 14,063 officers. That the present regu. lar army Is inadequate In the face of present disturbed world conditions was declared by both gentlemen. , The American army as now manned would not simultaneously protect our outlying possessions, traln elvilians, and repel “any sudden lovaders,” Sec retary Dern insisted. A more satisfac. tory army would cost the nation $35. 000,000 annually, he sald In explaining that he had not suggested an increase to President Roosevelt because of the President's desire to balance the bud: get. “With the rest of the world armed to death, I don't see how we can afford to be disarmed,” Mr. Dern told the committee, Our present army has but 118,000 men and 10,000 officers, Mr. Baker could not “imagine an army less than five times the present size of ours having the slightest effect on the military policy of any other pation.” Of course, he did not advo gate any such increase; he said four divisions, one in each section of the country, with a fifth free to train ci- villians, would suffice. HOUGH administration leaders have asserted that labor troubles to be expected in a time of recov- ery and that they are not alarmed by the strikes that are now in effect or are threatened for the near future, it was evident In Washington that these optimists were disturbed by the pros. pect of general strikes in the cotton textile and steel industries. It was believed President Roosevelt would have to Intervene in the effort to bring about peace. Frequent conferences of officials were without result, As General Johnson refused to change the order permitting cotton mills to reduce their output by 25 per cent for twelve weeks, the United Tex- tile Workers of America summoned all cotton mill employees to quit thelr ma- chines, and it was predicted that 8300, 000 would respond. The workers claim the reduction would amount to 25 per cent cut in their wages, and say they will not stand for this, They also de- mand a 30-hour week with no reduce tion of pay. Fighting for recognition of non- company unions, a point on which the steel masters will not yleld, the Amal- gamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers announced that a general strike would be called In mid-June un- | less Its win the right to cloose spokesmen freely for collective bargaining. are members The union leaders, who contend collective bargaining NRA has been viol asked: “Is the American Iron and Steel! in stitute more powerful than the Presi. | dent of the United States? guaranty in ated by empl NDEAVORING to learn what small business throughout the thinks about the dustrial conference boar ting a survey definite these results as best it it found that 34.4 per the NRA as a 28 per cent favored It wit? reservations ; 36 per cent were ly opposed to it, 0.4 could not see that it made ference. country conduc brought result can, states vored whole: #11 wile HARGES are made by the house agricuiture committee that joint stock land banks have been using fed. eral funds made available under the 1033 farm loan act to buy in thelr own bonds at 35 cents on the dollar while pressing foreclosures on their debtors. The committee approved the Fulmer bill to authorize farmers who have ob- tained loans from joint stock land banks to buy on the open market joint stock land bank bonds, tendering same to the joint stock land banks in pay- ment of thelr indebtedness. The bill would also enable farmers to repur- chase their lands that have been pre- viously foreclosed if sald lands are still in the possession of these banks, TATESMEN from many nations met in Geneva and reopened the sessions of the disarmament conference, with a full realization of the fact that their fallure may mean the renewal of war In Europe in the not far future, Nations. Such he as they had breaking the impasse seemed to rest on pe vinov of Russia sald he was ready to offer, It was believed he would centrate on a policy of political secur- ity as a basis for disarmament. Nor- man H. Davis, American ambassador- at-large, presented the views of Presi dent Roosevelt, urging an accord em- phasizing supervision of arms and a more rigid control of the interna- tional traffic in arms, Louls Barthou, forelgn minister France, showed no inclination to yleld to the German demands for rearma- ment. The French are sald to believe Hitler is due soon to run up against troubles that will tie his hands; they will continue to promote their defensive alliances until German chancellor gives In, and now are counting on a pact of assistance with Russia and the entente which will be signed expected, Russia enters the Lon- domestic the just little if, as League of Nations, Premier Mussolinl of Italy, In a speech before the char said that disarn ish and in 1 that war was the only ties ale ; RUVErs economic the 4 abolishing the nn genate, passed After this ac i de Yalera “We Ex A 1¢ We de of both, be the ether It frest mast tor Arora 0} Judges of wi We Eamon de Valera dvantage or not™ No definite UBA Is now entirely United States suzerainty, a treaty which was signed department by both countries and ratified by the ser ate. The pact amendment providing for the nance of the torial and financial island republic and anthorizin United States to intervene the the protection of the country and the preservation In the treaty the United States retains lease of Guantanamo as a naval base, ‘he people of Cuba rejoiced ex- ceedingly over the abrogation of the Platt amendment, and President Men- dieta declared a three days national holiday, freed from » sor} through at the State plenipotentiaries of rogates independence integrity of order. new the AVANA police learned that there was a plot to assassinate Jeffer son Caffery, American ambassador to Cuba, and to destroy American prop- ; erty on the island. They took extraordl- nary precautions to protect Mr, Caffery, but despite the pres ence of soldiers at the entrance to his home some unidenti- fled assailants drove by in a car and poured a stream of bullets from sawed-off shot- guns just at the time Mr. Caffery usually leaves for the yacht club, He was not injured but one of the soldiers was grievously~wounded, his right leg be- ing torn off by an explosive bullet. Mr, Caffery went on to the yacht club calmly and refused to say who he thought the assassins might be. Cuban government officials were greatly excited by the attempt on the ambassador's life, and there was an inclination to blame the Communists, but leaders of that party denied their followers had anything to do with it In recent demonstrations the radicals have attacked Mr. Caffery in their speeches, Presumably the sole pur pose is to stir up trouble between the governments of the United States and Cuba, ELEGATES from the five New England states, New York and Pennsylvania have signed a solemn pact for the protection of women and minors in Industry, which has been under negotiation for several years. The compact, which must be ratl fied by the legislatures of the several states, contemplates minimum sian ards of wages for women and minors and contains a provision that “no employer shall pay a woman or a minor an unfalr or oppressive wage.” State boards are to be set up with authority to Investigate pay rolls and require compliance. when i will bec effective, that date any a« senate me tion of the dal NEMPTION of tries from some of { s 1 x § 4 nit Roosevelt in by Preside order. The exemy to0 minimum wi working tive bargaining inistrator Johnson couse tempting to price tems, price fixing and other devices on hundreds of thousands of cleaners, dy- ers and pressers, barber shops, beauty shops and the like. Mr. Roosevelt In his statement said that “a trial period of some months has shown that, while most Industries, after organization for this work and a little experience with it, can secure uniform national results, there are oth. ers in which a greater degree of au tonomous local self-government is de | sirable.” Among these are "some but not all” of the service industries, the statement added. Enforcement of the cleaners and dy- ers’ code has been especially trouble. some, accounting for more than half of the blue eagle removals Under the execttive order, fair trade practice provisions for a service indus- try in a given area may be provided when 85 per cent of the Industry In the area agrees to them and they are approved by the NRA. an exec tion does not iges and maxim hours, child labor or The order empowers to ft open Lg coll enforce RESIDENT ROOSEVELT signed | the joint resolution of congress em- | powering him to stop arms shipments | destined for countries at war, and im. mediately proclaimed an embargo against shipments of arms or muni tions from the United States to Bolivia and Paraguay. His action was the first of its kind In American history. Because of existing treaties he could not forbid actual shipment of arms but he did prohibit their sale in the United States to the warring coun. tries, Costa Durels, Bolivian representa tive In Geneva, before an open ses gion of the League of Nations council invoked Article 18, the arbitration clause of the league covenant, as a basis for settling the conflict with Paraguay. If his demand Is granted the dispute will automatically go to the World's Court of Permanent Jus. tice for settlement. Durels sald an arms embargo would mean the “finish” of Bolivia, ODOS and Rossi, French flyers who hold the distance record, sought to better thelr mark by making a ‘non. stop flight from Paris to California. They got across the Atlantic ocean all right, but a weaknoss of ono wing of thelr big monoplane developed and they were forced to land at New York. = Washington.—The expanding Influ- ence of the federal government on the lives of Individuals Feel Eff ects of throughout the Unit New Deal ed States suddenly has become a matter that is attracting attention, and more and more repercussions are to be noted in the National Capital. Some ob- servers tell me they think it is an indication that the multifarious agen- and thelr effects are now reaching to may be, it can be stated only by Initials) are making I cannot agree with the exaggerated by a leading Republican hundred different sources,” but there seems little doubt For instance, Harry Hopkins, fed- that there will be no drought relief relief admin- any not be re agreement Is He when the federal emergency unless the holders mortgages on those cattle agree to foreclose such mortgages. And, it sald, the mortgage holder who to make such an the well known cattle, of o« of stump. can take the ITRe, the matures, bot if mortgages have many the cattle are ils months to run, starvation in the attempting of the feeders {llustratior wielded Washington The Reconstruc } has t banks ghows the power Cel exerci with for some to control they are exercising boards of directors institutions in the case of a as to | that neist ted by the board as its 1 » » vd addition, through i the Insurance COroora- FOTa ef on loat and this Is From } ng business, ne few will hesitate on loans in large the borrower up that wi amounts pro- has some secur 11 pesure rons ov. assure repay ie NRA Yar Under les, us terms Typical of HowCodeWorks | is ractice case: the code for the industries has a provision prohi extension of credit for longer two years. That Is, a printing owner or publisher of a country news. paper or any one else wanting to buy a linotype machine had been allowed sometimes as much as five years in which to pay for expensive equipment of that kind. Now, however, he must pay for It within two years or the manufacturer will be a code violator by selling It on a long term basis Thus, it is to be seen that the code exerts an Influence on what might be called the innocent bystander. The or i =~ biting because he would be a criminal to have gold under present law. Again declaring that I am pot dis it remains as a fact that the federal trade commission is exerting an In- fluence on the type of Investments in. dividuals make as a result of {tg con- trol over the issue and sale of shares of stock or bonds. Of course, the com- mission cannot reach a corporation that is doling business only In its home state, but the larger corpora- er scale than that and the bulk of shares and bonds, therefore, must not be issned until the federal trade com mission's securities experts have de- termined the facts about the corpora. tion that offers them. It is a matter of record, of course, that numerous corporations have sold purely blue sky stock, but the point I am attempting to make is that here Is another federal influence on the lives of Individuals, There are so many other examples that could be cited that they would ill more space than is avallable here, -. » * As we go through the month of June, another phase of the New Deal becomes effective, 1 Forest refer to the develop Conservation M*"t of the coun try's forests, private. ly as well as publicly, owned. While there will be no noticeable results for some time, the President's forest con. servation policy has become operative nevertheless, and it Is a long-range affair that ls generally accepted as building for the future, The program which the President Witiated when he started the Civilian Conservation corps embodies a definite been cutover and constitute nothing more than waste land; it provides for selective cutting of trees in. lumber- ing operations, and it is designed to create In the minds of all citizens the necessity for sustaining our for ests against the time when, at the present rate of destruction, there would be no more lumber, 1 was sur- prised when the forestry service told me that forest land was just about one-fourth of the entire area in the United States, jut the forestry offi- cials reminded me at the same time that unless there {8 a serious con- servation movement, there i8 only enough timber In sight to provide lum- ber for about thirty years more, Mr. Roosevelt tion, most of which will be ready for the session of congress meeting in January, 1035, to provide machinery for co-ordinating the efforts of the federal and state governments ant for gaining the co-operation of pri land owners in restoring trees, is proposing legisla- growing so A good many Washington observers are wondering how soon ] the federal trade Headed for and NRA a Clash : wo 10 k certainly headed in the commission are going The are lock horns, agencies direction of a clagh, It is gener onceded her that sooner or son's NRA codes in and indus opolies will matter o It Is necessary upon which the federal #1 sion clear understa is to creators of the had in mind roney ths Was create be expec fede sion the commis turned over to prosecuting tho government and ties 3 Now, General Johnson's long way toward sion's guardianshi nil nonopolies, or its effec fos oe p—t | in permit odes pro- the ide under the recovery act that i-trust laws shall not apply to those inesses signing the terms and con- It is there. provisions of the fed can hardly itions of the codes, stv, that eral trade seen, the mission act be enforced. That is to say, the com- mission cannot order a business tn doing something that General Johnson's codes all right, Thus far, the commission has kept reasonably quiet about the thing. It is true, however. that its members have thoughts about the situation that would make interesting reading if they were to be expressed openly. The commission has kicked about a few of the codes in a mild sort of way. pered, CeQ se declare to be quite it Is sald, by the fact that effecting a reconciliation of verse positions enacted into law In commission act Apparently, have been no Instruciions from the looked upen merely as drifting until such time as an administration policy is framed, But somebody is going to have to iron out the differences, They cannot go on indefinitely, That fact is ob vions. When one government agency goes ahead and allows a thing to be done that another government agency has been created to prevent, it is axiomatic that a collision Is going to occur between them In due course. Few observers, and few important leaders as well, are willing to attempt a prediction as to the outcome. One reason is that NRA Is under fire from several directions and 1 believe it ean. not be sald to what extent the general principles of NRA are going to be come imbedded in our industrial strue- ture, "0 Government officials are becoming more and more concerned about the growth of smuggling and bootlegging of liquor. A determined effort is be ing made to check this illicit trade, but the optimism expressed by officials charged with the responsibility does not ring very loud. Indeed, the talk 1 hear In a good many quarters is that there must be some revision down ward of the import duties and the local and state taxes on liquor or else the bootlegger and smuggler will be doing as much business as the legitimate, licensed dealers, hy Wentarn Wawanater 1Tnian ‘Shortage of Food | In Early Pasture Impossible for Dairy Herd to Get Enough to Hold Weight, Strength. i By Johm A. Arey, Extension Dairy Bpecial. i ist, North Carolina State Collegs WRU Bervice It is false economy to make cattle depend entirely on pasturage for roughage at this season of the year. Yet many dairymen are inclined to do 80 on account of the usual shortage of rough feeds In the spring. The belief seems prevalent that young grass will supply a sufficient amount of nourist ment for the cattl Immature grass is about 90 per cent fovirices ¥ ORK les LNDOBKILIS water, and it Is ph ally for cattle to eat enough of tain their and produce a profit Such practices are also sult in the cows onions, and buds & sufficient ration, thelr milk is unpalatable for drinking or butter Dry roughage provides the bulk fe needed and also ro that is essential to constant and j able milk production Another factor {n heavy young pastures is the dar the sod by extensive | grazing before the soll } The result will be a great); yield later in the year. Temporary grazing by such grazing and solling cereals sown in the fall. Later in summer, when permanent pa it to main- bodywelght and strength able eating in an an slures are in good condition, the cows can grad ually be Introduced to a more substa; tinal green diet. However, a grain tion is needed at gl] times Pasture Seeding for 3-A Contract Acres Suggested More grass during the next ever before in prophesies H. i usk, head animal husbandry depa:r of Agricul Illinois land will be seeded to two years than » history of the state, of the na 2 ollege This “back tog r At > fhe spreading thr result of the wheat 8 In land juction adju BONE ill be taken ou by co-operating I) A large percentage of this former and corn seeded to permanent or semi-permat t wheat [4 Se tures for live stock, and ma llinois prod ICers are wond ETARS seeds or mixtures of «ds should be used, For a eit pacity early of permanent ords at the Universit F & heavy 8 mixture may mtracted the AAA corn-hog it Is in addition t« devoted to 1933 and Is not we BND acres, wit ne age Ohio 4-H Clubs Busy Ohio 4-H clubs, being organized for the 1834 season, will have to do good work to better their record of last sea- son. A summary of 1033 accomplish- ments tells of the size of the job faced by 48.000 club members and their 4.000 leaders, Ohio ranked fourth ast year in total number of 4H members en- rolled by states, and sccording to the latest records of the United States De partment of Agriculture, first in the number of members who finished the Job they had set for themselves to do. Eighty per cent of the membership re- ported having completed their projects. Club members undertook 50.944 pro} ects and completed 41.992 of them. Na- tional reports state that Ohio topped the list by 5,000 In number of members who had completed their work. Total membership In the United States is Short Furrows The world crop of tobacco is about 4,000,000,000 pounds a year. * * » Unusually early crops are aiding a gtrong agricultural situation in Call fornia. . . * For the first time In three years cotton planters of Pern expect to make a profit this season. » - - Nearly 13000 acres of farm land, owned by Indians of the Kiowa reser vation In Oklahoma, have been ter raced In a soll conservation program. . » - Mississippl ranks as the twelfth state in the nation in cheese production, than 5,000,000 pounds last year, * * » Cotton growers of the South realized about $850,776.000 for the 1033 crop, including lint and seed. . & » The number of horses on farme con- tinued to decline in the last year, al though at a less rapid rate than in recent years, the Department of Agri- culture reports . &@» Five courses were given in Ken tucky recently to teach Instructors in state agricultural institutions how to grade tobacco according to standards of the Department of Agrienitnrs
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers