S AUSTRIA again to be the starting
point of a great European war?
That was the question that was wor
rying all the nations of the world as
og the civil warfare be-
hh tween the Austrian
government and the
Socialists proceeded,
On the side lines
watching events close-
ly and biding their
time, were Nazl Ger-
many, Fascist Italy,
France just recovering
from its own internal
row, and the rather
frightened members of
Ma). Emil Fey the little entente,
Great Britain, determined that Ger-
many and Austria shall not be united,
was warning Hitler to keep his hands
off. Soviet Russia would like to put
a finger in the ple but is fully ocen-
pied with the threat of war with
Japan.
Vice Chancellor Emil Fey and Prince
Ernst von Starhemberg of Austria
were determined that the Socialists
ghould be driven out or exterminated
and the country made wholly Fascist,
and Chancellor Dollfuss was going
along with The revolt of the
Socialists evidently carefully
planned and the rebels were
armed and capably led. But at this
writing they had won no victory of
moment and their strongholds In
Vienna, mainly the huge e« }
apartment bu 1g8, had been smashed
by the government artillery. In Linz,
Gratz, Steyr and other centers the re-
sults were the same. After several
days of fighting, in which two or three
thousand persons were killed and
many more wounded, Dolifuss gave the
Socialists five hours In which to lay
down their arms on promise of par
don except for the chief leaders. This
brought Insufficient response, and the
government troops went Into action
again in the suburbs to which the
rebels had been driven. The latter
met the attack stoutly, especially In
the section just across the great
Relchsbridge where they were occupy.
Ing big buildings and trenches. Major
Fey was In charge of the operations
in and about Vienna, and Prince von
Starhemberg was In command at Linz
and Steyr,
Though the German government was
not openly mixing in the mess, the
official Naz! newspapers were egging
on the Austrian Socialists. Hitler and
his comrades claim that a majority
of the Austrian voters are Nazis and
prophecy that the time Is near when
Dollfuss will fall and the Austrian
Nazis will be In control. The whole
tone of comment in the German press
expressed sympathy with the *“mis-
led” workers of Austria, and the
League of and its members
were warned not to interfere in the
struggle.
Reports originating In Paris sald 75.-
000 Italian troops had been massed at
strategic points along the Austrian
frontier and that they and the Fascist
frontier guard were ready for any
eventuality. The Italian government
officials sald this troop movement had
been going on for some time and was
only part of a fundamental change In
Italian military policy.
London correspondents dug up =a
story, from an Austrian source, to the
effect that the Austrian Socialists ob-
tained the arms with which they had
been fighting from Czechoslovakia,
either from the Czech government di.
rect or with its connivance, A railroad
from Prague to the south runs
through a part of Austria, and the
story goes that trains loaded with
arms and ammunition consigned to
some place In Czechoslovakia were
emptied of their cargoes somewhere
between Gemundt and Pressburg,
It is also alleged that arms have
been shipped up the Danube from
Pressburg to Vienna or nearby points
and smuggled ashore.
Czechoslovakia doesn't at all like
the idea of being surrounded by Fas
cist countries and has been encourag:
ing democratic movements against
both the German and Austrian dicta-
torships. Prague Is full of refugee
Socialists,
them,
was
well
Nations
EN days In jail was the sentence
pronounced by the senate on Wil
liam P. MaeCracken for having tam.
pered with correspondence in his flles
after the files had uk :
been subpoenaed by
the special committee
investigating air-matl
contracts. The same
punishment was
awarded 1. H. Brit.
tin, vice president of
Northwest Alrways
Two other defendants
were acquitted. Mae
Cracken already had
been fined $100 by the a
District Supreme On Westover
court for misrepresentation in obtain
ing a writ of habeas corpus before nc
tually being arrested. He was given
time by the senate to perfect an ap
peal from its verdiet,
The army went ahead rapidly io its
preparations for earrying the alr mails
after the cancellation of contracts by
Postmaster General Farley. Head
quarters for this service were opened
in Washington and put under the com-
mand of Brig. Gen, Oscar Westover by
Gen. Douglas MacArthur, chief of staff,
Col. Charles A, Lindbergh's telegram
to the President protesting against the
summary cancellation of contracts led
Postmaster Generali Farley to make
publie his report to Chairman Black's
investigating committee justifying his
action. In this Farley made sensa-
tional charges that the government
had been defrauded to the extent of
$40,800,000 In the letting and opera
tion of air-mall contracts. He assert.
ed that his predecessor, Walter F.
Brown, had joined in and directed a
conspiracy by which competition was
smothered and all contracts were
awarded by secret agreement to cer
tain favored air lines,
SECRETARIES ICKES, WALLACE,
Dern and Perkins were named by
the President as a committee to draw
up definite plans for his permanent
public works program. This Is intend-
ed to effect great economlie and social
changes and will cost probably more
than half a billion dollars yearly. Mr.
Roosevelt and his advisers take It for
granted that after business has
achieved recovery there will be from
three to billion persons still un
employed and that they must be cared
for by something like the Civil Works
1 fel sri
administration,
even
five
This new project as now conceived
Includes these major undertakings:
Methodical development of water
ways, power, flood control, soll
erosion preventives, reforestation, and
other public On these works
employment would be furnished In the
manner of the present COC and CWA,
Decentralization of Industry through
establishment of small industries in
rural regions to enable people to make
a living partly by farming and part!
by factory employment. A start In
this direction is now being made in
the subsistence homesteads, for which
twenty-five millions of recovery funds
have been allocated,
Government purchase of submar
ginal lands unfit for cultivation, which
would be added to the public domain
and devoted to forest development
For this purpose twenty-five millions
already have been allotted.
HE Civil Works administration ob
tained from COngress an appropri
ation of £50000,000 for its Immediate
uses and Its workers, numbering 3.800,
-—s O00 persons, received
{ their pay. But at the
same time Adminis
trator Harry Hopkins
began the task of cut
ting down the forces,
ordering reductions of
from 50 to 80 per cent.
He directed that work
cease all federal
civil projects not
federal or other pub
lie property. By Hop
King' plan of cutting
down the total num
ber of « doyees about 10 per cent a
week, the CWA army will be virtually
out of existence by May 1.
The largest force affected by the
nonpublic property order is in the pub
lic health service. Hopkins ordered it
to stop malaria control efforts employ
ing 20.779 men, rural sanitation using
32010 and the sealing of mines by
C571 workers to prevent water acldity
in the Ohio valley.
water
works.
on
on
Harry
Hopkins
Co HORATIO B. HACKETT of
Chicago was appointed director of
the housing division of the Public
Works administration by Secretary of
the Interior Ickes. He succeeds Rob
ert DD. Kohn, a New York architect,
who has held the position for the last
nine months,
Selection of Colonel Hackett, a mem
ber of the Chicago architectural firm
of Holabird & Root, was regarded in
Washington as a move to speed up the
federal housing corporation. Given
£100,000.000 of public works money for
low cost housing developments, it has
spent very little,
REMIER TSALDARIS of Greece
doesn’t accept the verdict of sev.
eral government physicians, that Sam
uel Insull is well enough to stand de-
portation without danger to his life,
Tsaldaris said it would be “murder”
to compel the fugitive American to
travel in his present physical condi
tion, so he will be permitted to remain
in Greece until his health Improves
As Insull Is seventy-four years old and
has clever advisers in Athens, his ex.
tradition may not be obtained for a
long time If ever,
ELVIN A. TRAYLOR, president
of the First National bank of
Chicago and one of the country's lead
ing financiers, died at his home of
pneumonia after fighting the disease
bravely for several weeks. Mr, Tray.
lor was born in a log cabin in Ken
tucky 060 years ago and mude his way
to leadership in business by sheer
ability. He also became prominent
enough In politics to be considered
favorably for the Democratic nomina.
tion for President in 1932. Chlengo and
the country sustained a considerable
loss In his death,
JAPAN'S new ambassador to Wash-
ington, Hirosi Salto, presented his
credentials to President Roosevelt, and
the two gentlemen eschanged assur
ances of friendship and mutual confi-
dence between their countries,
Saito sald he was sure that “what.
ever question, either political or eco
nomle, may arise between our two
countries, ean and will be amicably
composed In a spirit of friendship and
mutual confidence—the spirit that has
characterized our relations ever since
Japan made, at the instance of the
Unletd States, her formal entry into
the family of nations.”
“I share fully,” the President sald
In reply, “the view which you have
expressed that all questions which
may arise between our two countries
will be resolved In a spirit of friend.
ship and mutual confidence. You will
find this government devoted now as
in the past to the principle of maln-
taining peace in the Pacific region as
elsewhere and ready to co-operate cor
dially and sympathetically with your
government In all of the many lines
of endeavor which are possible in pur-
suance of and toward making prevail
that principle. It is our constant de
sire that, by co-operation, all the coun
tries of the Pacific region may continua
to enjoy peace and may attain cone
ditions of abiding prosperity.”
NDEPENDENTS and Insurgents In
CONEress long advocated an
amendment of the Constitution provid.
ing for direct election of the President,
and at last the first step toward this
change has been taken. Senator
George W. Norris’ resolution proposing
the amendment was approved by the
senate Judiciary committee, with only
Senator Stephens of Mississippl voting
have
in the negative.
Should the an be wrillen
into the federal Constitution it would
the by which
electors
them
the
ndment
nholish stem
Zens vote
instend of for
Under the
present sy
for Presidential
the
candidates
selves, amendment
names of Presidential and
dentinal candidates
on the ballots and the
rectly for them,
The amendment would also do away
with the present system by which a
be
voles
would
its representation in both houses of
congress) is cast for the candidate re
ceiving a plurality of votes cast with.
in the state. Instead a state's elec
which each candidate received
received from the administration
which would make all national codes
of falr competition
fective within the states
move the threatening possibility of a
constitutional barrier to the
ment of those codes among
that do not deal In Interstate com
merce.
The model law would authorize the
state governor to consent to the utili
zation of state and local officers by the
President of the United States “in
al Industrial recovery act” A
tion of a code would be made a misde-
meanor in the state with & penalty of
8500 a day for each
each day violation continues,
Where a license under the NRA is re
quired, a person doing business withe
out one would to a fine of
£3 or six months’ imprisonment or
both for each day of
These state penalities are copled after
those in the national recovery act
The state law pronounces the exist.
the
be liable
Washington.—If 1 read the signs
correctly, neither the Democratic nor
the Republican party
Tarred With is going to be able to
Same Stick do any shouting in
the next
fall
campnign
about the graft and corruption
that has taken place while the other
party is In power. The clothing of
each party bears indelible stains on
that score, and If one could overlook
the serious character of the malfeas
ance that has taken place, there might
be occasion for a laugh. That is to
say, neither party ean point the finger
of scorn at the other and plead purity
before the voters.
Just as Senator Black of Alabama,
a Democrat, head of a senate lnvestl-
gating committee, turns up some “pay
dirt” in digging into fraud in the
award of ocean mall and alr mall con
tracts under the Hoover administra
tion, a District of Columbia grand jury
turns out indictments charging fraod
in the award of contracts for the pur
chase of millions of dollars worth of
motor trucks for the
Roosevelt administration,
the disclosures came within
of each other, although
Black discoveries
army
Actually,
24 hours
naturally
were of
the
politics
It does not
ever, from
Each party has found slime in It
household, and neither can deny
fore the voters November
In addition to the
fraud charges that
must explain away, there
pumerous cases throughout the coun
try of petty graft in with
Civil Works admin i
None of these have been of more that
local consequence in that they usually
involved only one or two persons hard
iy known outside of thelr own commu
nities, but they have made ap in nom.
bers that which they incked In size
And from the partisan standpoint, they
constitute the basis of trouble for the
party in power when they occur. The
reason is that the average person In
change
pleture,
Lhe }
next
motor contract
stration
whereas a
al
that kind of crookedness
conspiracy of the type
the motor trucks seems
rather outside of the pleture because
they have no loeal connections. In
other words, we don’t know the people
concerned,
But, the President has moved with
He ordered Postmas-
ter General Farley to cancel the alr
1935, unless the President shall by ear.
emergency ended.
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT baving
decided that the civilian conserva.
tion corps shall be maintained at full
strength until March 31, 1035, orders
to this effect have been sent to the
commanding generals of all army
areas,
periods of six months each, the total
number of men to be 300,000, Addi
tional local experienced men will be
enlisted In some of the states, in the
treme West,
The President already has announced
that he will ask congress for an ap-
propriation of from S£270.,000.000 to
£300,000.000 for the corps.
EFRESENTATIVES of business
groups in Washington sald they
revenue bill which was brought before
jectionable provisions which
finance committee later. The bill now
represents a compromise between the
recommendations of the Hill subcom-
mittee and the suggestions of the
Treasury department. The
changes sre those with respect to de
preciation, consolidated returns and
corporate reorganizations. The bill
Goes not reduce depreciation allow
ances as did the subcommittee recom
mendations. Nor does it abolish con
solidated returns for affiliated corpor.
ations, While it imposes an extra tax
on corporation earnings when consoli-
dated returns are filed, this is not so
objectionable as the entire elimina.
tion of the privilege,
While the upper surtax brackets
have been scaled up somewhat they
do not increase greatly the tax apply.
ing to a person who has an earned
income credit, The tax burden Is In
ereused somewhat on a person with
out earued income, but with corpora
tion dividends and government bonds
not subject to normal taxes which are
reached by commencing surtaxes
above a single 4 per cent normal tax
instend of above normal rates aggre
gating 8 per cent,
© by Western Newapaper Union
|
i
and turned the job of carrying the alr
He ordered
er the alleged crookediness In the motor
truck case, with the resulting indie
ments. All of which seems to give the
in the political battles that
expected In the campaign, yet the opin
support that view,
analysts Insist that neither
fraud
up a fresh mess for itself,
- * »
There is, and always has been, a
sharp difference of views about grant.
ing subsidies for
Mail
cearrying the air
Subsidies
mall and the ocean
mail, Aside from
the fraud charges, it appears there is
fa natural basis upon which opinion
may be divided. Roughly, those who
favor the subsidies do so because it
is the one way In which our govern
ment may encourage by direct ald the
expansion of an industry. Those who
favor subsidies point out, for exam.
ple, that the millenium has not been
Why. then. they ask,
the shipping Industry be encouraged to
go ahead, develop, expand, experiment,
produce bigger and better ships and
planes? If there be war, those ships
They are built: they
can
ernment service.
war, the Industries concerned will
have plants and equipment and plans,
Production of ships and planes for war
ean go forward at wartime speed
Thus, say the subsidy advocates, sub
sidies for alr mall and for ocean mall
fn their full effect.
Then, there is the question of Amer
lean predominance in the fleid of com
merce. Other nations subsidize their
shipping, their air craft industry. It is
only by use of the subsidies, which
means paying more for the service ren.
dered than it actually is worth, can we
keep pace with foreign nations in
those two flelds,
As a matter of cold fact, the use of
subsidies is the reason why the Amer.
lean alr craft Industry has grown and
now equals or exceeds the same Indus
try anywhere else in the world, As a
further matter of fact, the use of sub
sidies has kept a good deal of Amer
fean shipping alive and, thereby, has
kept American exporters from falling
into the clutches of foreign shipping
companies who would have no compe
tition In numerous routes were the
Americans to withdraw,
Those who attack the subsidies,
however, claim they constitute a vile
dizerimination. They allege them to
be unjust use of taxpayers’ money, be
cause they suck cash from the treas
ury that should be used for general
purposes of government,
Further, it is the claim of subsidy
opponents that such payments produce
monopolies, drive out
petition which might fall within
the formula for subsidy payments,
Generally, the opposition claims that
subsidies add to the strength of the
rich and the taxpayers carry the bur.
den. This extra load, the figures
shaw, amounted to £54.453.000 in the
lust five years.
As far as | can see, and | have done
considerable research work on the
question, the arguments of neither side
are infallible. Each side, In support.
ing its view, Is not wholly motivated
by utilitarian or nationalistic sentl-
ment,
domestic come
aon
* * »
the conviction
individual, Is
no
I have always held
that each of an
and can be
Us, as
: of the teem-
illions In
and, holding
thought that
npressed with
Seriously
other words,
to0
life
members of
seriously.”
annarent
apparenty
CONZTeRs,
them
nls and staf
siit administration falled
hop, Jump when the house
wmbers sought something or other
from the credit administration offices,
The house members became so wrathy
that they decided they wanted to in-
vestigate the credit administration.
The rules committee of the house,
the committee that really determines
by the
bouse shall ever get before that body,
had Dr. William I. Myers, farm credit
administrator, before It. Doctor My-
ers was told that there had been nu.
merous charges of graft and irregular
ity In eredit administration affairs and
the house members were trying to de
cide whether to delve them, In
the midst of this discussion, Repre-
sentative O'Connor, a New York Dem
ocrat, burst forth with what the news
paper correspondents seemed to think
was the real reason for the flareup
skip and
into
“The maln reason we are consider
ing an Investigation™ said Represent.
credit
farm officials
we appropriate and
with
whose salaries
o“
The New York representative called
the credit administration “the depart.
ment that sneers at congressmen,” and
Representative Carpenter of Nebrasks®
aise a Democrat, sald he had tried to
get an appointment with Doctor My-
ers but had failed to get by the admin.
istrator's secretary. At this point,
Representative Werner of South Da-
kota, another Democrat, chimed in
with an observation that “when you
go down to the Farm Credit adminis
tration, they laugh at sou”
Doctor Myers denied any Intent on
his part or on the part of his staff to
snub members of congress, but the
representatives certainly felt they had
been snubbed.
While It Is no grief of mine whether
8 member of the house or senate
wants to have every.
Playing body kotow to him,
I continue to be a
Politics
friend of the execu
tive hranch of our government and
that friendship results from many years
of observation of its capacity to get
things done,
through the years show diztinetly, as
far as 1 am concerned, how few times
it has risen up to the full measure of |
the country’s demands upon it. It has
persisted in “playing politics,” and the
amount of demagoguery that is printed |
in the Congressional Record each day
is enough to choke several of the best
cows in the neighborhood, And, un
der present conditions, | am moved to
ask why, If these house members and |
senators are so important, they obey |
the party whip and do ns they are told
every time there is a bill sent to con
gress from the White House,
From a long period of ohservation,
1 believe that representatives and
senators do get most of the things
they seek from the various offices in
the executive departments of the gov
ernment. Time after time, constitu
ents of a representative or senator
will come to Washington, seeking fa
vors or perhaps speed on a legitimate
proposition and they ask thelr repre-
sentative or thelr senator to help, 1
have been In offices and have heard
senators or representatives telephone
the office In the executive branch that
is concerned, and they do not mince
words In admonizhing the man at the
other end of the wire that a specific
thing must be done. And, If It Is with.
in reason, it is done, too,
© by Western Newspaper Union,
————————
AUTO ROYAL PRIVILEGE '
In Nepal, the eountry extending
for 520 miles the southern
siope of the HI layns, In northern
India, the sanctity attached to king
ship is still so strong that only mem.
bers of the royal family are per-
mitted to own automobiles,
nlong
Dy special concession, certain high
officials of Nepal are permitted to
own cars, but other than these offi-
cianls and the family of the king. no
matter wenlthy, may
own a car, Because of this restrie.
one, no how
tion, the country, with a population
of more than 5,000,000, had only 150
when the last
were obtained,
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