4 \ N.TATIONAL prohibition went Into the discard on December 5. State conventions in Pennsylvania, Ohlo and Utah ratified the repeal amendment on that day, making the necessary thirty- six, and Immediately on being notified by telegraph, President Roosevelt and Acting Secretary of State William Phillips Is- sued proclamations that the Eighteenth amendment was no longer a part of the Constitution. In twen. Joseph H. ty-four of the forty- Choate, Jr. eight states the manu- facture and sale of liquor now is or soon will be legal, The state laws un- der which it can be sold vary from those providing “wide open” saloons in Nevada to a strict system of dis pensing hard liquor In Montana only through state-owned stores, one In every county. Most widely enacted of the laws is one providing for serving of hard liquor only with meals. Governmental agencies In Washing- ton were swamped with preparatory measures to deal with the importation of foreign liquors, many huge cargoes of which were waiting for entry; and with the federal restrictions neces- sary to protect the states that remain dry. Joseph H. Choate, Jr.,, of New York, son of the famous lawyer and statesman, had been appointed direc- tor of the federal alcohol control ad- ministration, and he arrived In the capital to take up his duties. Mr. Choate halted the issuance of import permits until a few hours before re peal became an accomplished fact, and in the meantime officials checked the financial standing of importers and worked out quotas for foreign coun- tries. It was understood that between four and five million gallons of foreign spirits and wines would be allowed entry during December and January, and that, If the demand were greater than the supply, the quantity might be Increased In order to discourage bootlegging. The government sought to prevent a flood of foreign liquor from swamping the American market to the detriment of domestic produe- ers. Codes for the distillers and Import- ers already were in effect, and those for the brewers, the rectifiers and blenders and the wine growers were being completed. When congress meets in January one of the first matters to be taken up will be legislation te in- crease the taxes on liquor and for permanent control of the traffic. To draw up such legislation the house ways and means committee and the senate finance committee were called to meet In joint sessions beginning December 11. ECRETARY of Agriculture Wallace and Director George Peek of the agricultural adjustment administra- tion, disagreeing radically concerning authority and meth. ods, laid their dispute before President Roosevelt, with the re sult that the powers of the AAA were sharply curtailed, part of its code work being transferred to the Na- tional Recovery ad- ministration. Stephen T. Early, one of the President's secreta- ries, issued this state- ment : “Following a conference with Secre- tary Wallace, George Peek, and Gen- eral Johnson, the President authorized the statement that, for the purpose of co-ordination, all codes under the NRA, including those under negotia- tions by the AAA, will be turned over to the administrator of the NRA." Mr. Peek was especially annoyed by press conference statements by Secre- tary Wallace, which were interpreted among officials as supporting Prof. Rex Tugwell, assistant secretary of agri. culture, and the liberal group allied with him. Chief of these liberal asso- ciates of Tugwell are Jerome Frank, counsel for AAA, and Frederick Howe, consumers counsel for AAA, Wallace, In his press conference, questioned the effectiveness of the marketing agreements and codes in the agricultural relief program. He sug- gested the major necessity in farm re. lief was strict restriction of crop pro- duction. Peek has throughout empha. sized marketing agreements rather than crop control methods. Tugwell and other liberals have taken the op- posite position, stressing crop control as more Important, —— J 228s of the farm relief experi- ments, a $350,000,000 campaign to eontrol the production of corn and bogs by paying federal bounties to the producers, was launched by Secretary Wallace, The money will be raised by processing taxes which the consumer will pay and will go to farmers who sign George Peek cents a bushel for each bushel the farmer agrees to withhold from pro- duction in 1984. The payment will be based on the average yleld of the contracted acreage during the previous five-year period. One-half the payment will be made to the farmer as soon as his contract has been approved, the other half when he has fulfilled the terms of the agreement. In return for the farmers’ agree- ment to curtall hog production the government will pay $5 a head on 75 per cent of the average number of hogs marketed or to be marketed from litters farrowed by the producers’ sows In the last two years. RESIDENT ROOSEVELT returned from his two weeks In Warm Springs and plunged at once into the work of solving the various financial problems confronting his administra- tion. Most immediate of these was the refinancing of government obliga- tions amounting to about $727,000,000 maturing the middle of the This matter was easily and speedily settled when an entire block of $050.- 000,000 of treasury certificates was sold In one day. The fact that it was heavily oversubscribed was considered In administration circles to be =a marked victory for the New Deal eco- nomics, There was no cessation of the con- troversy over the President's monetary policy and the arguments on both sides grew more bitter, though Mr. Roose velt himself maintained silence. Finan- clal Interests have been considerably annoyed by the fact that the severe federal securities act has checked the movement of capital into legitimate channels, and they were cheered up by Senator Fletcher's statement that Pres- ident Roosevelt wants the act amended to correct this fault without diminish- ing the protection of the Investing pub He. Mr. Fletcher, who Is chairman of the senate banking committee, sald Mr. Roosevelt's attitude had been brought to him by Acting Secretary Morgenthau of the treasury. In this connection he sald the President had not asked the banking committee to recommend legislation to curtail the stock exchange operations, He" long Budget Director Lewis Douglas will continue to hold question that interests Washington. He has worried over the ex- pansion of emergen- cy obligations of the government and has warned against any further Increase, but almost certainly his warning will not be heeded when congress meets, Mr. Douglas thinks that the entire bud get, Including both general and emergen- cy funds, may be brought into bal ance toward the end of the fiscal year 1835 If no further emergency funds are authorized after the $3300. 000,000 public works fund and the less than a billlon left In the RFC fund are used up. He thinks these funds should be sufficient for emer. gency purposes, Others In the administration, In- cluding the President, have different ideas. Secretary of the Interior Ickes expects to ask for an Increase of as much as $1,700,000000 In the publie works fund. The RFC probably will want $1,000,000,000 or more. The new civil works administration will run out of money In the middle of the winter and the President already has expressed the hope that additional funds will be forthcoming from econ- gress. Its allotments have come thus far from both the public works funds and the rellef fund of the RFC. his job is a observers in Lewis Douglas RESIDENT" Roosevelt, addressing the Federal Couneil of Churches of Christ In America, took occasion to condemn severely all those who con done lynchings, and his remarks were interpreted especially as a sharp re- buke for Governor Rolph of California who approved the actions of the mob that hanged two kidnapers and mur- derers at San Jose, “This new generation” sald Mr. Roosevelt, “Is not content with preach. ings against that vile form of collee- tive murder—~iynch law-—which has broken out In our midst anew. We knew that it Is murder and a delib- erate and definite disobedience of the commandment, ‘thou shalt not kn’ We do not excuse those In high places or In low who condone lynch law.” ————— » Whe Col. Charles A. Lindbergh starts out to do something in the way of aviation, he does it compe- tently, skilfully and neatly, Aeccom- panied and ably assisted by Mrs, Lind- bergh, he piloted his big monoplane across the southern Atlantic from Bathurst, Gambia, Africa, to Natal, Brazil, making the 1875 miles tn 16 hours and 10 minutes and landing smoothly in the Natal harbor, where the entire population of the city was gathered to welcome them. Through te 8 Yous flight Mrs, Jindvirgh at the at the reless instrument kept fommunication with io do Tunelro t EAT came suddenly to Alexan- der Legge, president of the Inter- national Hurvester company and one of the country’s leading industrialists, In his suburban home near Chicago. He was almost sixty-eight years of age and apparently had been In good health, Mr. Legge was the first chairman of the federal farm board, under Presi- dent Hoover, giving up his £100,000 the summer of 1020 to accept the $12.- 000-a-year government position. For 20 months he devoted himself to farm former place, prior to his death and of $300,000 In his will, Mr. Legge brought to com- philanthropic organization to be known as the Farm Foundation, known by Frank O. Lowden, governor of Illinois, and chalrman of the foundation, In developing his whose project, to the Improvement of “the sdclal, cul- tural and economic conditions of rural life,” Mr. Lowden disclosed, Mr, Legge enlisted as trustees a group of twenty industrialists, educators, and farm the country. A—— & a J 1 Washington.—When the Eighteenth Federal Constitu- tion became a mat. ter of history the other day, I took oc- casion to look up some old records about the consump- the days gone by. New Source of Revenue 1914 was the record year and that in then consisting of approximately 100,000,000, had disposed of almost 800,000,000 gal whiskys, wines and other Hquors and beer, that slightly more 80,000,000 of the total was In whisky. From those statistics, I learned also that the federal government had ob £430,000,000 In taxes, military display the seventh Pan- American conference was opened in Montevideo, Uruguay, to continue probably three weeks, Its deliberations managed by Enrique E. Buero as secretary- general. He Is one of Uruguay's most prom- {nent young diplomats and was summoned Hie ister to Germany to this duty in the con- ference, In his augurating sions President Gabriel Terra of Uruguay demanded the “sealing down in all American countries of customs tariffs which President Roosevelt just- ly termed unsound, fatal and direct originators of world economic disas ter.” He referred to Mr. Roosevelt's indictment of the Hawley-Smoot tariff measure and retaliatory acts “to which other nations were forced.” Concerning the war in the Gran Chaco between Bolivia and Paraguay, he sald, “The noble American Jjuridl- cal tradition cannot remain buried In the swamps of the Chaco” Postponed from 1832 because of the depression, a gathering in which all 21 nations of the western hemisphere were participating found uppermost in the minds of delegates a mutual search for co-operative methods to im- prove the economic status of their countries, Secretary of State Hull heads the delegation from United States, and nine other foreign ministers are par ticlpating in the conference. speech In wh E. E. Buero the ses OREIGN COMMISSAR MAXIM LITVINOV of Russia, on his way home from his triumphant visit in Washington, stopped over in Rome for a conference with Premier Mussolini, and the correspondents sald this re suited In an agreement for Soviet. Fascist collaboration to better the sit- uation in Europe. The well informed thought Mussolini had obtained the support of Russia in his efforts to solve the disarmament problem and that he and Litvinov were in accord in the matter of having Russia and the United States asked to join In the four-power pact. Before Litvinov left Rome he was given a brilliant ban. quet by the Duce, which was attended by numerous dignitaries. ITH his experience as a delegate to the disarmament conference at Geneva clearly in mind, Secretary nicipalities had raised enough addi. such as licenses for sa- the total tribute paid S1LOOO000,000, The distributed the consumers of pald them, There anti-tax fights launched places, but the taxes were “levied, collected and pald” Plenty of taxes are being levied but collecting them Is a different proposition, because most of our taxes are handled differently than liquor taxes To get back to 1914, the consumption of liquors was accomplished by the people in about nineteen wet states, We have started the new era (which repeal of the Eighteenth amendmegt must be held to represent) with twen- ty-four states in which liquor sale is legal, The federal tax rate is roughly the it was twenty years ago, fithough it has been her In the me » due to war le 8. The rate of $1.10 a gallon on “hard” liquor will be the rate operative until congress acts: the tax of £5 a barrel on beer that was levied when the three pointiwe product was legalized early this year compares with $6 per barrel in 1014, and there is about the same relation to other taxes of twenty years ago. So the federal government and the states, counties and municipalities are going to start with a new source of revenue to relieve other tax sources that are heavily burdened. Which is the point to which so much attention has been directed In urging repeal. It is 8 matt to make by liquor exceed effect passed along unt beverages strong were these were same as anting er of governmental pol ley, of course, as to where funds will d by taxes to defray costs of government. By advoeating repeal, those who supported that course have in effect argued for transfer of taxes only base to another, jut there is a lesson in it, as 1 see the thing. This transfer of tax has been from levies on productive enterprise and commerce and industry that may be ealled a necessity back to an Item of use in life largely of the character of a luxury, The same is true of the taxes on tobacco, Tobacco taxes con sistently have yielded about $300 .000,. 000 annually, and constant smok ers, of which your correspondent hap pens to be one, have objected little The answer seems to lie in the fact that so little is taken from one person at one time. Since repeal had the sup- port of such a vast portion of the na- tion's population, one can hardly ar be ralse from one yet § report urges that the United States abandon leadership in the dis armament movemen! “by example” and pro ceed as soon as pos sible to build its navy up tofull treat: strength. He says our concessions in the past have been “dangerous extravagance” and that peace is jeopar- dized by our weak. Secretary ened condition “be. Swanson cause balanced armaments fortify di plomacy.” The report showed Japan will have its full treaty strength of 183 vessels with a total tonnage of 775.370 when the treaty expires December 31, 1088, whereas the United States will have only 113 under-age vessels with a to- tal tonnage of 988520. Under the treaty, the report said, the United States could construct ninety six more ships with 157.280 tons displacement. The British empire, according to the secretary, will have 161 vessels with 900.308 tons displacement at the same date, permitting It to build sixty. four ships with a displacement of 107 607 tons, ; Japan was highly displeased by See: retary Swanson’s approval of the pres ent treaty ratios for navies. The spokesman for the naval office in Toklo declared that Japan is thoroughly dis satisfied with her present allotments under the 5-5-3 ratio and is determined pan's quota when the naval powers reconvene to consider extension of the Washington and London treaties, Only a few days before the Japanese cabitet had approved the navy's re plenishment Pronto glo Sein for the next three years, © 1935, Western Newupapse Uylon. | i i this method of taxation has their ap proval. The circumstance has given some conjecture, also, as fo whether sales taxes generally might not serve better than such things as and property taxes under which human backs are bending. . - * Now that repenl has been accom | Piished and the states and local com- munities can deter mine their own courses in dealing with the liquor traf. fie after a lapse since 19190, two other questions are agitating everyone who in sound government, Important Questions I refer to the problem of revising or re-establishing the tax rates by congress, and the settlement of what are distinctly loeal issues re Inting to whether there will be sale of liquor and how those shall be handled, In other words, it is the old, old ques. tion of local option, As soon as the congress gets back in Washington after January 1, legis lation will be submitted by the admin. istration to effect permanent control of liquor trafic and lay such taxes as the legislators think proper to assess against liquor. This problem sounds simple, but it is far from it. There is obviously a proper tax base that will yield the maximum of revenue and at the same time be low enough to dis courage bootlegging activities which necessarily must have a big margin of profit, There is at this time considerable support for the idea that the present tax rate of $1.10 per gallon will re main unchanged for six months or so. The idea behind this is that a tax rate so low will make whisky cheap and bootleggers cannot compete, If they are once driven out, this school of thought contends, they will have great difficulty In getting started again, I have been unable to obtain any ae curate measurement of the strength behind this movement, but there Is no As to the local option problem, Washington observers are able only to guess that there will be many heat- ed fights In numerous throughout the country. People they will argue about {t now In many arenas that otherwise are noted There seems to be assurance Such vious enmities as a consequence, from the Washington viewpoint, it ap- for a good many communities: will continue for a long time, future, we now have to bring about a perma- lem, *. * Although 1034 as a crop cotton Is quite some distance Department of Agri- ToCut Cotton culture has begun Acreage seeking agreements with the cotton respecting the Secretary Wallace sald restrict cotton 25,000,000 farmers acreage, hoped to 1034 to about acreage of years 1028 to 1 and the agriculture istrative considers tion of suffici prices on a higher level! t} for the BOTES, 35 per cent below tho , Inclusive, adjusts a reduc maintain it will be ent size to last four yeais. In ad- erage dition, rom prod n ill be paid a maxi- mm of i per sere in benefit ments by the Department of Agricul- ture. This money will processing tax, just 1983 crop reduction program Me re pro- gram of restricted production is to continue throagh 10834 would seem to be proof that the parity p inents and the production has been successful, however, i8 not the I believe Secretary announcement that the federal control Case, Wallace mn of the job more than a demonstratic to do the rams take innot possibly serve ment, As and as themselves to cedure of how farm ald prog me. One obviously year of ns a the goes measur on, however, conditions adjust new setup, the plan will I cannot say that single unbiased judge guess that the cotton adjust gram, or the cornhog, er the program has been either a success or a failure. raat me become evident. 1 have in writing only that there one can say definitely or should be withdrawn. «. & @ One re No Snap Judgment °F the money to spend. On | the other hand, the processing tax is | being paid Ly nearly everrone who | buys cotton textiles, and the effect eventually will be felt. What the ex- tent will be. 1 can discern no way of forecasting. Suffice it to say that a return to them, sales of a given cloth, But such a change ordinarily will take place only under normal competitive conditions, tration began to operate. So it is my conclusion, since the country has em- barked upon the policy, hasty judg ment ought to be avoided and the re turn of delicate balances in the econ omie structure awaited before the al lotment plans have been wholly dis carded or completely adopted. - . * Speaker Rainey, the white-haired leader of the house of representatives, is on record with a declaration that the forthcoming session of congress will be rather mild. The veteran leg- islator maintains there is not going to be an unusoal roaring. He believes congress will enact the newest ideas of the adainistration into law and go home—unless some one ofi.is bet- ter plans. The speaker, of course, be- ing a stalwart follower of President Roosevelt, thinks there are no better plans than those Mr. Roosevelt will propose, But a few inquiries has convinced me the speaker has not taken note of the things going on around him, He did a fairly good Job at controlling the house fast spring and summer, but much water has gone over the dam since that time and it is made to ap pear that Mr. Rainey has overlooked it, I personally have heard two rather distinguished and powerful individuals predict a hot time in the old town and a long njght for the next session. © 1933, Western Newspaper Union. Young Hitlerites Told How to Choose Wives What kind of a girl should a true. blue German Aryan marry? As first aid to ardent young Hitlerites about to venture Into matrimony, the Ber. lin Das Wissen der Nation (Na- tion's Wisdom) publishes a series of recommendations designed to ensure the purity of the Germanic race, This weekly recommends only blonds with blue eyes, an oval face and white skin. The Nazis are warned against brunettes of obvious. ly Mediterranean origin, with long torso and short legs, black hair and thick, sensuous lips, ut the recommendations Yissen der Nation are drastic. Suspect also sophisti. cated soclety girls, break. ers of sports records and even young women who earn thelr living in the liberal professions, The Aryan is urged to choose a good, industrious and pure girl, who is known to be an adept housekeeper, with an affection for children—*"even though she may be stupld.”—Literary Digest, of Das even more are actresses, herole When the system becomes clogged with poisons as the result of chronie constipation quick relief may be had by taking Wright's Indian Vegetable Pills a box. Wright's Pill Co. 100 Gold St, N. Y. City. Adv, Household Hint In a custard recipe calling eral eggs, one or more out If one-half tables starch is added for e 20¢ for sev- left poon of corn £ omitted. may be ach eg Beware the Cough or or Cold that Hangs On Persistent coughs and colds lead to serious trouble. You can stop them now with Creomulsion, an emulsified creosote that is pleasant to take, Creomulsion is a new medical discovery with two-fold ac tion; it soothes and heals the inflamed membranes and inhibits germ growth, Of all known drugs, creosote is recog nized by high medical authorities as one of the greatest healing agencies for per. sistent coughs and colds and other forms of throat troubles. Creomulsion contains, in addition to creosote, other healing ele ments which soothe and heal the infected membranes and stop the irritation and in. flammation, while the creosote goes on to the stomach, is absorbed into the blood, and attacks the seat of the trouble. Creomulsion is guaranteed satisfactory in the treatment of persistent coughs and colds, bronchial asthma, bronchitis, and is excellent for building up the system after colds or flu. Your own druggist is suthorized to refund your money on the spot if your cough or cold is not re lieved by Creomulsion. (adv) Tired Nervous Dry Wife ¥ ee Back Pepl HER op nerves were soothed. She banished that 1 pend tired” feel ing. Won new youth. ful 3 color —reatal rights 50 active dayy—all be- cause she system of wastes that were sappang her ay Hy lets (Nature's Remedy). the mi J nl laxative—-worked the transformation. Try it for constipation. biliousaess, head- 4d spells, “TU MS” Quick relief relief for acid indiges- RELIEVE ECZEMA Don't suffer needlessly. Stop the itching and induce healing—begin Resinol anxiety to parents, Dr. Peery's “Dead Shot” TEmoves She eatits with a single dose. SOc. Wrights Pill Oo., 10 Gold Street, K. Y. City SPRCIAL-13 GILLETTE STYLE (or sin. eo edge) Blades & Riade oP pet 4 Fi pai Keystone 716 Lyceum Bide. Pittsburgh: Pa. BOOKS WANTED-""The Virginian’ 1902; “My Antonia’ 1918: Bible, 1783; Novels indians Histories, Dime % i Bend eg condition. Grace Hillsboro, W.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers