By ELMO SCOTT WATSON PPOSITE the Travel and Transport building at A Century of Progress in Chicago Is presented every day a pageant called **The Wings of a Century.” across the stage of a Greek theater, with the blue f Lake Michigan as a back- ground, parades the colorful story of the omance of transportation ng the last 200 horseback, In ing traveix lead presses the on- birchbark the way coming white man wheeled carts, in Concord stage coaches, In Close behind -in creaking, lumbering two- chaises, in Conestoga wagons, in steamboats and canalboats, in fast packet boats and swift Yan- kee clipper ships. Now the covered wagons are “rolling out to Oregon” and the pony express rider dashes up and as quickly Speeds away. The pages of history turn rapidly and the horse-drawn wagons and carriages are succeeded by a new marvel, the “horseless carriage” or automobile, And almost before man has mas- tered this new form of quick travel across the land, the Wrights leap up from the sand dunes of Kitty Hawk, in North Carolina, and the dream of fearus is a reality, Man is now traveling through the air. In the midst of all this splendid pageantry of the conquest of water, land and air there is one chapter which stirs your imagination as perhaps no other one does. That {s the “Parade of the Iron Horse.” Youn view appreciatively the his. torically authentic costumes of more than a hundred actors in the pagean ‘ou are mused and delighted by the pantomime of some of these actors as they ings and actions of fcans. And at times you you say to yourself, "I am seeing making.” But when those locomotives from Peter Coo . down to one of the teross the stage reproduce the thoughts and feel Amer stirred as history in the per's little “Tom Th modern Titans, come with ringing bells, puffing smokestacks and screaming w les, then—ah, then! it's hard for you to stifle that little-boy urge to stand up and yell! For in these black monsters you see the inventive g 4 America; you see the symbol of the fina youn see the instrument which first bound to conquest of the wilderness: gether the broad expanse of these United States of America: you see a whole century of the development of the machine age. The first “iron horse.” paradoxically enough, was more horse than iror built in America for earrying passengers and freight wag the Baltimore & Ohio, Chartered in 1827, it began laying the rails for Its 13 miles of rond from Baltimore to Ellicott's Mills on July 4, 1828, with Charles Carroll of Carroll ton, the only living signer of the Declaration of Independence, lifting the first shovelful of dirt, (Incidentally, this his ally reproduced In the Baltimore & Ohi hibit In the Travel and Transport buildin The road was opened in May, 1530. In the meantime the promoters had been experiment ing with various sorts of cars. One was a horse drawn passenger car, (Shch as is shown In illus tration No. 1 above.) Another was a flat car fitted with a treadmill operated by a horse but upon its trial trip it came to grief--a cow on the track upset it! Another experiment, which was also unsuccessful, was mads with a sail- boat on wheels, called the “Meteor.” 1. The first railroad toric scene is graphie. Then the inventive genius of Peter Cooper came into the picture. He built a tiny locomotive with a boiler about the size of the one whieh stands behind your kitchen stove and with flues made of gun barrels. To this he gave the ap- propriate name of “Tom Thumb” and made some trial runs on the partiy-finjshed railroad In 1830. From this experience he reconstructed his lo- comotive and on August 28, 1830, the “Tom Thumb” pushed, instead of pulled, a car with 24 passengers over the entire 13 miles of the road, attaining a speed of four miles an hour. A few days later occurred the famous race between the “Tom Thumb” and a horse-drawn car over the double track between Baltimore & Ellicott’s Mills, At the start the gray horse leaped into the lead and held it for awhile. Then the puffing “Tom Thumb” began to eatch up it drew mabreast the straining animal--then passed it. But just as shouts of triumph went up from Cooper's passengers a belt slipped on the mechanism of “Tom Thumb”! So the gray horse won the race to Baltimore, But despite this victory the officials of the new railroad had enough confidence in the fu ture of steam locomotives to offer a prize of $4000 for the best engine which should be de livered to the road for trial before June 1, 1831, This prize was won by Phineas Davis of York. Pa, a watchmaker! He called his locomotive the “York™ but the ploneer railroad men took 1. The “Pioneer,” a horse.drawn passenger car built by the Baltimore & Ohio in 1829. 2. The “Tom Thumb,” built by Peter Cooper for the Baltimore & Ohio and given a trial run in 1830. The smiling passenger on this replica is none other than Amelia Earhart, the famous aviatrix, 3. The “De Witt Clinton,” which was run over the Mohawk & Hudson railroad (now the New York Central) from Albany to Schenectady, N. Y. in 1831, 4. The “General,” built for the Western & Atlantic railroad in 1855 and made famous by the “Andrews Raiders” during the Civil war. 5. Reproduction of the scene at Promontory Point in Utah May 10, 1869, when the tracks of the Union Pacific, building west, were joined with the tracks of the Central Pacific, building east, thus completing the first all.rail link be. tween the Atlantic and Pacific. At the left is the Central Pacific's locomotive, the “C. P. Hunting. ton,” and at the right the Union Pacific's No. 9. 6. The last word in modern locomotives—the Northern Pacific's giant No. 5008, Beside it stands the little “Minnetonka,” the Northern Pa. cific's first locomotive, built in 1869. % a one look at the queer machine with its drivers moving up and down in the air like the egs of a grasshopper and promptly christened it the “Grasshopper.” But the “York™ proved its worth and as late as 1883 three of these early “Grass. hopper” type of engines were still in service on the Baltimore & Ohio, This same year, 1831, also saw the beginning of another great railroad system, the New York Central, only in those days it was called the Mohawk & Hudson and It had some 17 miles of track between Schenectady and Albany, N. Y. On August 9, 1031, New Yorkers gathered from far and near to see the first public trial of a locomotive to which had been given the name of “De Witt Clinton,” In honor of the bullder of “Clinton's Big Ditch,” the Erie canal, and which drew a string of curious-looking pas senger cars resembling stage coaches. The "De Witt Clinton” was a wood-burner and the passengers were so showered with sparks from the ehgine that some of them had holes burned in their clothing, while others put up um. hrellas to ward off the fiery shower. When they weren't busy doing this they were trying to keep from being thrown off the seats in the coaches as the train started, taking up the siack in the three-foot chains which coupled the ears together, or stopped, crashing the cars together, Finally the passengers had to cut fonce rails and wedge them between the ears to reduce the haz. ards of this journey. From 1831 the evolution of the “iron horse" was a swift one and that evolution Is easy to visualize as one watches those other early loco. motives follow the “Tom Thumb” and the “De Witt Clinton®™ of a Century " named awing the stage tor & Potoma the “Ploneer,” ball for the Cun 3 of the Pennsylvar Perkins,” whi timore & Ohio the finest trains i Across the stage. too, pufis the “C. P. Hunt: built in 1863 for { entral Pacifie railroad and destined to have a part on May 10 ¢ id spike” ny at Promontory Point, Utah, where fn hered group of rail jers in ere Stanford, intington, ineton inglon, 1 ND in that histor! “the most notable the world; for there w Hopking, Crocker and the chief engineer of the Central Pacific, and there were Durant, Seymour, Duff, Dillon and the chief engineer of the Union Pacific: and, all others that had made the transcontinental liers from Fort Douglass, Mormon bishops and elders from Salt Lake, Chinese from San Francisco, Irish from Boston, Mexicans from the Rio Grande, negroes from Dixie, Indians from the deserts and mountains and the omni present Jewish traders from many lands” Rounding out the parade of the “iron horse” are such locomotives as the famous “009” or “Empire State Express” of the New York Cen- tral which brought many visitors to Chicago for the World's Oolumbian exposition In 1808 and which in May of that year set a new world's speed record of 112% miles an hour, and the lit. tle “1401” of the Illinois Central which hauled thousands and thousands of visitors in suburban trains to Jackson park, there to see the marvels of the world's fair of "03, Then as a finale come the giants of today-- the Northern Pacific's No. 5008, the largest lo comotive In operation in the United States to. day: the New York Central's No. 5207, the Hud- son type passenger locomotive: the Chicago & Northwestern's freight and passenger No, 3008; the Chesapeake & Ohlo’s Pacific type passenger engine; the Baltimore & Ohio's articulated heavy freight engine No. 7400; the [Illinois Central's mountain type passenger engine No, 2412; the Pennsylvania's freight and passenger No. 8707 and the Rock Island's passenger No, 5000, They seem to be the last word in locomotive construction. But already those who guide the “iron horse” across the iand are looking Into the future and already they are planning a new type—a stream-lined train of stainless stool, made of three cars hinged together with not a break in the contour from rounded prow to rounded stern, driven by a large 12-cylinder en. gine that burns a non-explogive fuel and is capa: ble of making two miles a minute! From the lit. tle “Tom Thumb” and its speed of four miles an hour to this . . , and all in the course of a century! (® by Western Nawapapor Union.) n an everwidening circle. were possible : sol« OUR CHILDREN &B By ANGELO PATRI KEEPING PROMISES who was responsible. Christmas was drawing near and Hittle Harry was excited. He got into all kinds of mischief, He discovered new ways of being troublesome, New ways of getting into danger. Altogeth er he rode on the counsclousness of his family day and night until his mother i % patience and sald, @ ’ Listen to me y iz man, You've gon Just far enough, Another such exh bition as this and you get nothing for Christmas. Not a thing. Santa Claus will not come to a bad boy like you.” Harry .wemed to consider this for a time and his mother i made an impression upon his mind and that be better. But st that ino about all with bLireal { ©V he and smear “Yery well ing came all and Harry enjo Neither he por his me the threat Anus, By and by and he began “Now look here, young ma if you don’t behave yourself! you'll get noth ing for your birthday.” Harry forgot all eaution. “Huh. Yon a birthday and got atl my p nt And you sald | at Christo and Bg hem too, I'l pet 4 Well, hat in his mothe eld out and he pot p= ; af] J gud {ittle bo nit to be hat birthday aight, and a sadder mother and fa. ther. Threats are promises and if you make them you have to keep them or have a very good reason for not doling so—one that the child will ac s2iC 1h cept as true “Be a good boy Daniel and go to the dentist and have that shaky tooth taken out and I'll take you to the circus.” said Aunt Minnie “Don't believe her, Dan. She told me that and never took me.” said Hortense looking up from ber doll's carriage toward her guilty aunt Anyway 8 surprise is better than a promised treat. And threats are bet. ter left out of things - * » POOR VISION 1 Goss who wot help children must have clear vision. They must see the ~hiid truly, Now there is none among us 80 wise as to know the truth about 8 child None of us has the true yision that sees the troth, the whole truth The most any of us can expect to see is 8 glimpse of the spirit that is the child t is sad that so many teachers and supervisors cultivate a warped vision of childhood They are so intent upon redeeming the child from his errors that they fix their vis fon on that point and see nothing else. The child becomes a child of sin, » thorn ‘nn the flesh, a creature to be own mage all, but blindness, for a child is good shook her head and wrote down a failure In red ink? in their knowledge. citing all their poor matks, Impressive have a 100 “Maybe it is because I'm not a mu- sician. 1 can't be everything, you know, mother.” “You could get azn honor mark In every subject of the curr'culum if you put your mind to it. | don’t want any low grades. Nothing below an A Is any good. Work up that music™ Consider that. Do you imagine for a moment that this exacting lady had made such grades in her school days? You know she did not. Had she been as intelligent as all that she would have cultivated a vigion that enabled her to see strength where it was, see beauty and power where they were clearly in operation instead of finding the one weak place and dwelling on it. The right vision sees the effort the child has made; sees the struggle and the triumph shining through the low rating ; sees the steady »pward growth of the child who is feeling his way through the tangled maze of school lessons and adult standards and queer regulations. © Dell Byndicate ~~ WNU Servies ree HELP CHILD TO GET THE STORY Education Lies in Intelligent Answering, It Is a good thing to answer ques. tions put by children, jut what we have to do 18 to look behind thé few brief words and find out what they are really driving at. Children cannot nsk anything very intelligently. They know what it is they want to find out, but they do not know how to put A little boy there That Kind of Whistle Invaluable to China from China, vis There were ive an order. rds at one 14 £ in led ped their tools Sprinkle Ant Food along win. dow sills, doors and openings though which ants come and go. Guaranteed to rid quickly. Used in a million homes. Ines- pensive. At your druggists. TUE FUER) SOUTHERN HOTEL ADJUSTED RATES $300 L BEE EVERY BOOM WITM BAY NM SOUTHERN HOTEL baltimore. = MHd. ORES - J Sal Sor . connection with Parker's] Ait Ba Plo ths kair soft and flufly, 50 conte by mail orst winta, Hiscox Chemical Works, Patchogue,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers