s— ECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR ICKES, In his capacity as publie works administrator, has been so be- set by the demands of bureaus and o meaew politicians for big : £3,300, his dis. he was slices of the 000,000 at posal that constrained to issue a warning that the program with its huge fund was not a grab bag. Then, after eon- sultation with his ad- visory board,’ he de- cided that all projects must be sent to the budget bureau for radical paring down. Thus Lewis W, Douglas, director of the budget, emerged as the man re lied on to cut out the unwise, unes sential and graft-tainted schemes and to submit for board actien only the worthy projects. Politicians had been slipping Into the lists proposals for construction ef post offices, but Sec- retary Ickes had forbidden their In- clusion and in this was supported by President Roosevelt. Ickes (nsists that each project provide a maximum of work, that it perform a necessary social service, and that it not be a recurring Item belonging properly in an annual appropriation bill Lewis W, Douglas IVE MILLION business men of the United States are asked by Presi- dent Roosevelt to accept voluntarily what Is called the “President's Re- employment Agreement” which 1s de- signed to restore employment and raise purchasing power through (n- creased wages. Every business and trade and every conceivable type of worker are Included In this pact, which Is the master code that Gen. Hugh S. Johnson, national recovery adminis- trator, and his aids worked out. The employers are asked to adopt for five months, beginning August 1, minimum wage and maximum hour scales for their workers, to agree not to levy “profiteering prices.” to abol- Ish ehild labor, and to obey various other regulations he hours of work fixed are 40 per week for the collar employees and 35 hours for industrial workers. The wages proposed are 40 cents an hour for industrial workers. or $14 per week, except In cases where employees In the same class of work were paid less than that rate on July 15, 1020, and then the 1020 rate is to be applied, but in no case shall it be less than 30 cents an hour. For the white collar workers, the wage scales are fixed according to populations of the cities in which they work. In cities of more than 500.000 population, the minimum rate is set at $15 per week: in elties between 250,000 and 500,000, the rate is £14.50; between 2.500 and 250000 at $14. In towns of less than 2.500 population, all wages shall be Increased by 20 per cent, except that the maximum re- quired shall not be more than £12 per week, If regular Industry codes are signed before or during the five month pe riod, they will supersede the emerg- ency ones. Employers are given until Beptember 1 to come under the plan, and If they have not signed at that date, the President made known that he will exert the powers he possesses under the national Industrial recov. ery act and compel Industries to fc. cept codes which he will lay down arbitrarily, so-called white DMINISTRATOR JOHNSON, ac cording to Washington correspond- ents, Is constructing a big propaganda agency on behalf of the {industrial con- trol administration. He has called on such veterans In the game as Charles Michelson, publicity man for the Dem. ocratie national committee; Frank R. Wilson, Charles F. Horner and others who were leaders In the Liberty loan drives; Bruce McNamee, William vV. Lawson, Heber Blankenhorn, and vari. ous other skilled publicity men. Pri marily, it was Indicated, the new or. ganization Is intended to win favor for the proposed “master” code men- tioned above, EPARTMENT of Labor surveys, reported by Secretary Frances Perkins, show that during June 400, 000 workers returned to jobs in fac- tories of the United States, and 100,- 000 others found work In monmanu- facturing industries and In agricul ture. Rallroads and other Industries not included In the surveys, sald See- retary Perkins, showed a “significant Increase” in employment, Gains of 7 per cent In factory em- ployment and 10.8 per cent In factory pay rolls made June the third con- secutive month in which both employ. ment and earnings have increased. Becretary Perkins accompanied the report, however, with a warning against overoptimism and specula- tive production. A gain In a month normally marked by a seasonal de- cline was “heartening,” she declared, but ghe pointed to the long elimb still nhead before the country ean regain the 1026 level taken us the base by . the bureau In figuring its employment and pay roll indices. SE SaTIONAL breaks in the prices of all grains, accompanied by sim- llar swift declines In the prices of stocks, led to action by the big grain exchanges. The Chicago Board of Trade stopped future trading for at least a day and Issued this rule: “Effective until further notice, there shall be no trading during any day at prices more than 8 cents above or below the average closing price of the preceding business day In wheat or rye, or 5 cents In corn, or 4 cents in oats.” Like action was taken by other boards of trade, all of them curbing trading in privileges. WO states, In the past rezarded as being dry as the proverbial bone, and the first in the “solid south” to vote on the question of ratifying the prohibi- tion repeal amendment, were won quite easily by the wets. Alabama went on record as favoring repeal by a vote of nearly two to one, and Arkansas voted about three to one for repeal. Then came Tennessee, and though returns from the mountain regions were slow, the repealists were assured of another victory. Oregon followed, and her vote, In support of repeal, meant that twenty states were in that column, with none yet opposing. Postmaster General Farley, who was Interesting himself especially In the votes In southern states, sald he was convinced that the Eighteenth amend. ment would be out of the Constitution before Christmas, and from the Way things are going he may well be right, Although only thirty-five states have either voted or arranged to vote on repeal by November 7, action is pend. Ing In several others which may bring the total number voting to more than the required thirty-six REAT interest was shown through out the country In the marital af fairs of Elliott Roosevelt, second son of the President. The man's ag wife, Mrs, EI i Donner Roosevelt. ob r } i E tained a divorce from i ¥ ¥ young izabeth him at Minden, Nev. on a cross hill charg- ing which tested, diately took plane to Chicago where he met Miss tuth Googzins of Fort Worth, Texas, and her mother. Rumors that Elliott and Ruth were gOON be married only half. heartedly denied. To the ( hicago re. porters Mr. Roosevelt sald he was there to meet his sister. Mre Curtis Dall, and to visit the Century of Prog. ress exposition, “I'm not going to any time answering anything personal” he warned. “If I'm asked, ‘Is it so? I'll say nothing until I get ready to an- nounce it. I'll certainly let all of you know if I ever decide to marry again” Miss Googins first met the Presi. dent's son at Fort Worth In March while he was a guest of the South- western exposition, mental was and cruelty uneoon- imme. an alr. he Elliott Roosevelt to were spend EN. ITALO BALBO and his 05 companions on the mass flight from Italy to Chicago left the World's falr city after several days of contin- tous entertainment that was limited only by the endurance of the aviators, They flew directly to New York and after a rest were conveyed in army planes to Washington to pay thelr re. spects to President Roosevelt, Balbo's plans called for return to Italy by way of Newfoundland, going to either Ireland or the Azores, depending on the weather. Italy and Premier Mussolini may well be proud of this exploit of thelr fiyers, and all must be highly gratified by the honors heaped on Balbo, THERE was mourning In America and Lithuania when it was learned that Capt. Stephen Darius and Stan. ley Girenas of Chicago had crashed and perished in eastern Germany on their flight to Kaunas, the Lithuanian capital. The bodies were found in a forest and were taken to Kaunas, where the government gave them a state burial, Al THE rather futile world eco- nomic conference in London drew toward its close it was announced that a subcommittee had adopted part of Senator Key Pittman's resolution for the rehabilitation of silver, agreeing upon increased use of the metal In subsidiary coinage. The questions of regulating the world output of silver and of its use as a part of the Cen. tral bank's metal coverage were post. poned. Senator Pittman sald he was quite satisfied, “What it means,” he sald, “is this: All governments agree to cease de basement or melting of silver coins, except India and Spain, and they figree to limit the amount they will sell. We shall get baek to where sil ver was before the World war” EPRESENTATIVES of about thir ty of the principal countries In Amsterdam, Holland, at the of Bamuel Untermyer, New i York attorney, for the purpose of extending the boycott against German goods and of appealing to the League of Nations against the alleged anti-Jewish atrocities perpetrated by the Nazis in Germany. Explaining the con- ference and its pur- poses, Mr, Untermyer sald that a boycott already was started In many countries but that its effects had been cushioned by a decision to use up German stocks already hand, With exhaustion of these stocks, he said, German manufactur met Untermyer worldwide sentiment sion of the Jews, The appeal to against repres- the League of Na- Ing Jews from German labor unions nority people. the by with headed close collaboration Jewish committee Melchett, Lord HANCELLOR zation known as the genera! for Industry, which Is to assist government with its advice and prac. tical experience in solving the unem- ployment problem. Among the indus- the on this council are: Dr. Otto Fischer, president of the Central Assoc.ation of German Bankers: Dr. Albert Yoegler, director general the United Steel Trust; Dr. Fritz Thyssen, Rhineland coal and fron producer: Karl Fried rich von Siemens, head of the electri- cal company which bears his name: Baron Kurt von Schroeder, president of the German Chamber of Commerce and a noted banker of Cologne: Vin cent Krogmann, mayor of Hamburg and German delegates to the economic at London: Dr Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach, head of the Krupp firm, and Dr. Robert Les The for the Germans Is acute, for the unemployed there num ve million men and Ger first six months an i alarming de povernment is of one of the conference problem ber about 6 man exports for of the year crease, The gating new law wd to help busi the showed pro: ness men who give increased employ ment. Citizens who give contracts for repairs and Improvements to thelr buildings will be entitled to a 10 per cent reduction in their Income and cor. poration taxes If the increased bill for wages equals the cost of the materiale Newly-formed business undertakings will go tax-free If they deal in new manufacturing processes or bring to market original products, vided that no competition is given ing firms, the NJ FMBERS of the + Protective Order convention in message of Benevolent of Elks Milwaukee, will and meet. re from ing In ceived a President and good Roosevelt, elected Walter F. Meler of Seattle their grand exalted ruler. Mr. Mcler is a graduate of the Uni. versity of Nebraska, a former corporation counsel of Seattle, and is the author of a book called “The Heart of Elkdom.” Gov. David Scholtz of Florida put him in nomination, Meier and was himself elect. ed grand esteemed leading knight. Judge James Fitzgerald of Omaha was chosen grand esteemed loyal knight: Leland O'Callaghan of Louisville, grand tiler, and E, 1. Safford of Santa Fe, grand inner guard, As the last act of his regime, be. fore yielding place to the new grand exalted ruler, Floyd E. Thompson of Moline, 111, named Circuit Judge Clay- ton F. Van Pelt of Fond du Lae, Wis, to a five year term In the grand fornm of the national lodge, the supreme court of the order. Walter F. ILBERT N. HAUGEN, who repre the Democratic landslide last fall, died at his home In Northwood after an iliness of several months, He was born of Norwegian parentage In Wis. consin 74 years ago. Always prom. inent as an advocate of the farmer, Mr. Haugen In late years was chair man of the house committee on agri. culture and had much to do with formulating all farm legislation up to the advent of the Roosevelt admin. istration. F THE orders of the Third Intes nationale are obeyed there will be a lot of “red” disturbance on August 1, which Moscow will celebrate as anti-war day. Communist agitators re. cently arrested In Riga, Tallin and Helsingfors possessed coples of a gen. eral letter of Instructions addressed to Communist parties abroad from the executive committee of the comintern. The letter ordered a one day strike, street demonstrations and general dis. orders on the day named. Large num- bers of Reds serving time In Baltle prisons have been ordered to go on a hunger strike on August 1 and to pre. sent demands for prison reforms, one of which Is for permission to have radios enabling them to listen to Mos COW programs, ©, 1933, Western Newspaper Union, S—— Washington.—Cotton farmers of the United States, or a sufficient number of them In sixteen Effect of states, have just giv- of what can be done by unified action. We have Just seen they have agreed with thelr effort to force prices that their industry may live, AS a result of this action, more than 8,000,000 acres of growing cotton will That means approx. higher It will never be on Whether such a trary to the laws to which all humans respond, Is another question. & government and a people take a step The farmers are going to be paid for that portion of the crop which they I have the exclusive infor. mation that the average amount to be be close to $100. A great many will receive more because they are larger producers and some will get less, but there sre thousands of them who will receive around that sum in cash, All will receive the addi. tional benefit of a higher price for that portion of the crop which grows on to » *. » I am told privately, and 1 think it Is an Interesting fact, that the bulk of the contracts offered to the secre tary of agriculture under the cotton plan carried estimates by the farm. ers that are proving to be Conserv tive, The De ging it will Rovernment, through partment of Agriculture, is arrar #0 that £20 per producing this the scale of payments figure out £7 to If a farmer's land is year an estimated 100 ton and not more than 124 pounds, he will for each inder. From that basis of production, the payments range upward to £20 an acre the production is lated pounds the more In addition to the plan of payment 1 have been describing, there is an op tion plan under which the farmer is given an option on cotton which the rovernment heretofore has acquired in o The ue present plan, of course, price higher. The cot the government hol 15, there and will sold sometime money than it was worth vernment bought it. An the farmer by which the titular owner of this government cotton in amount equal to the amount he =n kiroy out of this year's crop get this profit instead of payment available otherwise, The option plan is based upon pay- ments ranging from $6 to $12 per crop acre, and the government makes no payment on destroyed crops where the estimate showed a potential produc tion of less than 100 pounds to the acre. That is true regarding pay. ments under the cash plan. Which brings to the fore the real reason there The government considers that the farmer is entitled to a return on his land and the pay- ments, whether in cash or optional holding of old cotton, and gets what amounts to a rental to let it lle idle Insofar as the cotton crop is cerned. He can use it for potatoes or something else, just so it is not cotton, from acre. ¢ pounds o ot i fc receive 87 acre plowed where at 275 calen- to acre or irm relief programs ORO is to force the ton which fore, can for more when the ge option is given he can be become an grees (oo de He can the cash con. But from whence is the money com- Ing to make these payments and how is the government Where Moneygoing to stand such Comes From a tremendous drain in order to make good on Its promises to the cotton farmer and to the wheat farmer who likewise Is soon to sign agreements not to plant so much acreage this fall The processing tax is the answer, The government will coMect from the miller 42 cents In a tax on every pound of cotton that goes into mills for manufacture into the thousands of uses for which cotton is available. It will collect 80 cents a bushel on every bushel of wheat that enters a mill from which to obtain funds for paying the wheat farmers ground rent. al if they withhold a certain portion of their acreage from planting in the next erop year, It seems intricate to most of us, but the Department of Agriculture experts say it is simple, this method of cal culating what the farmer is to re ceive, whether cotton or wheat. They explained it to me thus: a cotton farm. er has been growing an average of 150 pounds of cotton to the mere dur ing the last five years and he estimates that his prospective crop this year will be just about the same. His pay ment is figured on that basis. The wheat farmer bay been producing a stated amount each year and he contem: plates the sume acreage next year, His crop over a period of years can he and is averaged up and he gots paid em} ay [TTT nd or accordingly. The total reduction of acreage In whatever crop is figured in the various counties and the total cost to the government Is arrived at. The total average sales over many years Is a matter of record. "That is, of wheat have handled snd how much has been exported and the cotton pro- ducers’ records also are available, The processing tax then becomes a matter of a percentage. It is simpli- fied to the point where the calcula- in the total average value of the crops from 1924 to 1926 and the current prices, * LJ 4 M. L. Wilson, the man who is man aging the wheat program for the De partment of Agriculture is just as op- timistic about the wheat plan for fore- ing prices higher as Secretary Wal lace and George N. Peek. farm adjust. ment administrator, are about the cot- ton plan which now has been effectn- ated. Mr. Wilson told me after a re- cent tour of three weeks through the 800-0dd wheat counties of the nation that 00 to 95 per cent of the wheat farmers are going with the government on the plan. That means signed con- tracts Just 25 the cotton farmers signed contracts agreeing to stand together In unified action that reason- able profits may realized from farming operations. be » . * There Is going to be a shorter crop wheat this year than is usual The Department of Short Wheat A icultore esti will be Cro P 400.000 000 runs Ac of bushels, whereas it usually around 650.000.0000 to 700.000 000, cording to Mr. Wilson, the wheat farmers recognize that this year's short crop and higher prices will be by I in the tings of winter wheat this and the spring wheat pext spring. followed rger acreage pla fal On the basis of acreage now growing, fall and wheat together, the Year's crop easily could go as high as 500000000 bushels, Just what that would mean on the basis of wheat consumption of around GH.00.000 a The carry over wonld break the price down to the level where it would the same basis as other stock feed and It would be disastrous. So Mr. Wilson says the wheat farmers are coming through in good shape as fast as they can be told what the plan means to fpring next figure year, be on them - * rr two other phases of the crop rog m that remem- bered, according to authorities, One of them is the for pa- tience, particularly working out of the It will be slower 1} cotton. The other n r but more point attempts at self-polic the industry involved. I mean to call attention to the age-old practice of “tak! g the law into our own hands.” That is not go- ing to be countenanced by the govern- ment in any way, shape or form. for must be the necessity I . as wheat is less gen- eral the matter of ine ing the Department of Justice, and his punishment will simply because he thinks he is enfore ing a farm law and he happens to be a farmer, In this matter of patience. I be lieve 1 state the view of the Wash. ington observers as a whole that the various farm plans, as well as the plans affecting industry otherwise, should have a chance to show worth. It Is patent that nothing will help unless the programs designed to extend such aid are given time to ma- ture. Unless they mature, the re- suits are worth nothing to anybody. Hence, the belief of most of us that the nation must be patient, - * » As regards the self-policing prob- lem. The Department of Agriculture the other day re Co-operation ceived information that a self-appoint- Is Sought crew of individ- uals was going about certain sections of North Carolina telling some of the farmers that either they would sign up contracts to reduce their cotton acreage or “we will pull it up by the roots.” The threat to pull up the crop was accompanied by another kind of a threat. Agriculture Department folks do not waut that kind of help in put. ting over the program. They want it to be voluntary co-operation, a sincere and serious effort to accomplish some thing by united action. On the other hand, I am told, the agents In the various counties are ae. cessible to nearly every farmer, and the department is willing to know of any unfair practices. That Is part of the idea of co-operation. If a farmer signs a contract and fails to live up to his agreement, obviously he is h his own community and td that extent damaging the chances of success for the whole program, But the point of distinction is that, it there are unfair acts on the part of Individuals or groups, the government ean and will correct them. It is not up to the self-appointed police, say the authorities in the Department of Jus tice, © 1938, Wertern Newspaper Union, How I Broke Into The Movies Copyright by Hal C. Merman By HOOT GIBSON I AM sorry that | eo tale of hardships and priva my entry into motion pictures complished with after 1 decided to work in I can’t exactly say that I broke into the movies. It all seemed to happen systematically, The movies seemed like an opportunity, and when they opened their doors to me, 1 rode in I'm a native of Nebraska was born the small but town of nnot reinte wn tion, but WHE ae- Comp: Live ease. them, in ambitious ler then than it is now, but it was large please me when I started the less fantastie name of Edward It gave me my educ My education completed, I began to wan. der, and inasmuch as the thing I knew anything about ranch work, I wandered to different ranches I have been riding as far and 1 was as saddle as on the ing an adventurous youth to try various difficult and y, and yUmps wel} cattie enough to life under ation, only was horses much at home in the ground. horsemansh ’ a3 1g t daring feats I got 80 I could handle a horse I found the task of i over large and dusty prairies quite unexciting met with a show I was urenine LINRINE cattle an when 1 Wild West eppor- star wis known of employment, So up traveling overjoyed at then as Dick Stanley's (« ngress i I entered the anm BE « In 1012, 1a] Pe ndie- ne of the Hoot Gibson, When had settled on the rodeo It the » dust id ms golf cowhoy championship It was a holding all-around Jol worked hard to get It. but kept right on ing, for I left with the rid can dele. Australia 1 meets for gaticn of cov where I rods sven months About this time Just beginning to s some and I found reg were signs of this from - } ew alte reaching country again myself talking with motion picture producers. They happened to have a field for western I might have continued on this un. my ties In and sce what would develop. 1 had directed the line of western productions I have always had what some peo ed to use it to advantage if possible. 1 in mak. ed action of my pictures with comedy and human touches, I found a direc tor and together we congpired to do comedy and human touches. The re sult was a better and more popular brand of pictures, I know of no other business where merit i= rewarded as It is iH the movies—but merit must be aided by labor, and plenty of it. WNT Service Joan Needs No Glycerine Drops to Simulate Tears In the sad business of weeping be- fore the camera Joan Blondell has it all over her more sober misters of the cinema. They resort to glycer. ine drops, stinging lotiong for the eyes and even, at times, to the low. Iy onion to generate their screen tears, All except Miss Blondel Joan will use none of these subter- fuges. When the time comes for her to ery in a picture she just cries, ang the glycerine bottle, the camphor Spray and the restaurant onion are never called upon to double for real emotion, A —————— An Immediate Success Miss Fay Wray started her film ea- reer in 1025. She fprang Into {mme diate prominence with her first appear ance and counts among her many oth. er successful vehicles, “Finger Points, “Not Exactly Gentlemen,” ing Horde,” “Captain Thunder,” “Law. yer's Secrets,” “Unholy Ga rden™ *The Vampire Bat” and “King Kong ™
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers