—— AMSAY MACDONALD threw a falr-gized monkey wrench into the London economic conference machin ery In his opening speech, but the wheels hadn't really begun to revolve, so the mechanism was not wrecked immedi- ately. Whether it is ultimately to operate successfully depends on diplomatic skill or on the complais- ance of Uncle Sam. In the middle of an otherwise wellor- dered address, the British prime minis. ter suddenly inter Jected the war debts issue, despite the fact that it was not on the agenda of the conference. ‘That question, he de clared, “must be dealt with before every obstacle to general recovery has been removed, and it must be taken up without delay by the nations con- cerned. Lausanne has to be complet. ed and for all in conditions.” Delegates from all Ish empire and France were not Donald's I and Unite : Ramsay MacDonald this vexed question settled once the light of present world parts of the Brit. ibly those t a dis Hull was soo: mn with Washing dd a fenst considered taste, Mr. his address to result and as a nference which was to open the lay of the Among the howey tnd Gen, uth Africa, both of ip MaeDonald's stand were Guid Jan Christian Smuts whom Sinuts Americans ed States the world. Chancellor of the E Chamberlain seco: MacDonald about wa suid the crisis in world ditions makes restoration of the gold standard absolutely impossible at pres- ent, He fav lower tarifl were actiua ivered a upose undue sacrifices on lower tar- [ countries and that they did not lead > warfare, ity for cheap money, ———— econo He emphasized y JHEN Sed third to was expected gort of reply to mand. But he retary Hull arose, the his would make the war was silent on that sub- debts de. argument for a renewnl of truce promulgated by President Roose. by removal of trade barriers, elimina- tion of excessive tariffs, stabilization of exchanges and abandonment of na- tionalistic economic policies, “The world cannot longer go on a8 it Is going at present.” Hull sald. “A successful meeting of this confer ence In my judgment is the key to widespread business recovery.” poasiBLY more threatening to the success of the conference than the injection of the war debts issue was the demand of the French, represented by Premier Daladier, that the dollar be stabilized before the matter of tariff re ductions and re moval of other trade barriers be taken up. Both the dollar and the pound, he . inti. mated, must be sta. bilized on a gold basis at the earliost possible moment, “We feel we must end the currency war,” Premier Daladier declared. “The aintenance of the gold standard is Indispensable. How ean elrenlation of goods be re-established if their value depends on luck and hazard? What would you say to an architect or builder who used an elastic foot: rule?” America’s hope for success of the conference was built upon a world tariff truce, and the French believe they have blocked this for the present at least. They assert this would mean nothing so long as currencies are fluctuating. Only 15 of the nations represented In the conference adhered to the temporary ftarilf truce which was to lust during the life of the par. ley, nnd one of these, France, now re fuses to renew He pledge under exist. ing circumstances, HILE this sort of talk was go ig an in the conference hall, Great Britain and laly were plan Premier Daladier ning to evade payment of the great. er part of the Installments due the United States on June 15, and France was calmly ignoring the” fact that she also was due to make a payment on that date, her government being determined to do nothing about it. The British offered to pay $10,000,000 of the $79,000,000 due, President Roosevelt's reply to the jritish offer, eagerly awaited, was that the United States would accept the partial payment only with the ex. plicit understanding that the money was just an mstallment on the sum due and that such action should in no way invalidate America's claim to the unpald remainder. Mr. Roosevelt advised the British that as soon as possible they should make whatever representations for a revision of the debt they desire to offer, and in Washington. He said he had no power to reduce or cancel the debt but would submit the results of the negotiation to congress, Under the new inflation bill President is authorized to accept silver in payment of debt installments at the vilue of HO cents an ounce. So the British paid in silver obt from India, ained \ JAR debts, as much nas over the matter of war caused delay in the discord veterans’ ad} the benefits, ment of question The though latter ostensible CONEress, the appeared was reason senate there about the offe was to know wut th of partial payment and the Presi response The { for a long time wanted then 15, and Robinson of them cabled lent's senntors had know that Mr ’ t away b Indian: 10 n saying that war ing for announcing wait before cent pas on the Un to disagreement of the President's progri tion of veterans’ be nefits, a part of the independent offices bill. The ho had accepted the compromise, but Democratic Farmer-Laborite, senators and foined with Shipsten <r the measu adopted the which crease veterans’ compensations about £135000000, though the Presi. dent had sald he would ge than 100.000 000, house would and that Mr. Roosevelt would entire bill, But the h« signs of going along with the Demoeratie changed their mind and, after a hot debate, accepted the program it had previously Tejected. The bill was passed by a vote of 45 to 36, and what had seemed to be the first defeat for the President was turned into a vie accept the senate plan veto the ise showed the Presi dent, go N OTHER respects the senate acted swiftly in completing the legisla. tion the President had asked. The important bills enacted included the timost terrifying industry control-pub. lie works measure: the Glass-Steagall banking bill which makes provision for limited deposit guarantee January 1, 1034, unless In an emergency or dered earlier by the President: and the fourth deficiency bill carrying the largest appropriations ever made in peace time. The home owners’ loan act setting up a $2,200,000,000 corpor- ation for home loan mortgage relief already had been passed and was gigned by the President, who at the tame time issued an appeal to mort. gage holders to desist from foreclos tires until the new agency can begin functioning. The industry control bill did not get through without flerce opposition from 15 of the more radical Democrats and 23 Republicans, all led by Senator Borah, who especially denounced the giving of vast power to Gen. Hugh Johnson, the man selected ns the ad. ministrator. The senate rather ignored the execy- tive order which President Ioosevelt had transmitted, providing for re groupings, consolidations, transfers and abelitions of certain executive agencies and functions. He explained in his message the necessity for these changes and sald they would effect a saving of more than $25,000,000. Many other changes, he sald, were In con. templation, and he had selected only those he believed should be put Into effect as quickly as possible. OW Massachusetts is in lne for repeal of prohibition, the tenth state to decide the matter. The elec. tors voted about 4 to 1 wet In select. ing 45 delegates to a constitutional convention that will ratify the repeal amendment. In Boston the vote was approximately 10 to 1, and one of that city's delegates will be James Roose. velit, son of President Roosevelt. In most of the communities the question of local license war submitted and only a few of them stood firm against license, OSEPH B. EASTMAN, a mem ber of the interstate commerce commission, wus selected by P'resident we transportation i the terms of emergency act. Eastmun doesn't like the labor clauses in the measure prevent the reduction of operating forces, but believes that much can be accomplished In spite of them, The railroad execu- tives themselves have decided there must be savings effected in labor and decided to request organized labor to accept a 22% per cent reduction in the basie wage scale. Thelr eommittee of nine is empowered to negotinte with the unions to a conclusion. If the nego tiatlons fail, there would still be a long period before a strike call, ®n der the terms of the raflway labor act, If direct negotiations fall, the federal mediation board would offer the serv- lees of a concilintor who might spend several months in bringing the parties together, “Then, If both parties per sisted In disagreement, the way would be open to arbitration. Arbitration would likely extend aver a long period. Should this fall, the lnw provides for the declaration of n state of emergency, under which the President of the United States ap- points a fact finding commission, which must study the involved and report within thirty days, the which J. B, Eastman {ssues N BS. ROOSEVELT reterned home h from trip to California in the course of announced her air which she her son Elliott, To the Washington correspondents si the incident at the Dall airport when Gov, “Ma” Ferguson her husband failed to get the coming divorcee of explained into a with First Lady simple fact was that Mrs, Roosevelt, break tograph ihe being h ating and asked the and when she finishe away Wis ngry, eating, the Fy gusons had 1 & huff, : gone ECRETARY of Labor Perkins an ye ent of Presi nt Robert Hutehing of the Univer ity of Chicag 1 Jd the a ed the ug 0 as chairman of the ad } De set un feder acts of was for cOngressional fives all acts of Jud feral court in receiver. cases, the spon. Sabath of Chicago and Cel ler of New York Representative Hat. ton Summers, Texas prosect 4 SRL Chaairman being 14 ocratic tor 1d the house judiciary committee, sal be « first. courts to subject of In. . quiry, because of the Chicago Bar as sociation report the tions of Judge Frederick E. Woodward in allowing nearly a quarter of a mil- ne Judge F. E. Woodward ariel yl pow ~ congemning As. ceivers’ counsel, The bar association did not reflect on the integrity of the judge or the law firm, but «¢ the practice. ondemned HANCELLOR ENGLEBERT DOLL FUSS Is determined that Austria shall not be infected with Hitlerism, and the government is carrying on a de termined war aguinst the Nazis, who are accused of plotting to inaugurate a reign of terror there to be followed by a coup to seize control of the coun: try. All known Nazis in the country are being arrested for questioning by | = Washington.—President Roosevelt's departure from the White house for a rest and a fishing Presidency cruise calls atten- a Heavy Load tion again to the tre. mendous strain to which a President «f the United States is subjected. Anyone holding that office has to undergo It and, despite attempts to make the job easier, none kas come forward with a workable plan to lighten the burden. P'residents have been criticized in communities away from the national capital many times in the past because they took a week or a month off. In other years, it has been common to hear political attacks on the Presi. dent then occupying the White House on account of vacations or recreational methods that caused thelr absence from the executive mansion. Obsery. ers here, however, can in no wise agree that such eriticism Is justified, On the contrary, 1 belleve the agree. ment would be on a premise that were the President unable to get away from his job periodically, he would be a broken man physically, If not mentally, in a short time, The President of the United States has at his beck and call all of the ad- visers, all of the expert assistance, Yet, with all of the responsi. that him to deo this, he bility of erux of the problem, right direction tates familiarity to be solved by his the joh, cannot leadership, and He must lead in and that necessl- with problem He assistance from opinion bee; use it Is and women to Bo the President dodge ix the every administration. receives advice and shades of for men varying views all have has per cent of them are Germans. One of their alleged leaders, Theodore Habicht, was claimed by the German minister to be an employee of his le gation, and the minister protested sharply when Habicht was arrested In retaliation the Prussian secret po- lice expelled from Germany Dr. Irwin Wasserbaeck, chief of the press de partment in the Austrian legation In Berlin. Naturally relations between conclusions and those conclusions make or break ini either the adminis tration CE In order to Must ! ent that the Sob of Presi Slates rate i sinten Cr ne revi the tite banking crisis ever known him In the face: med untry's az. staring the Pres he ngs: deney when the co the throes of destin riculture was in tion, If not actual starvatic he took over the Joh at a time when 12.000,000 were without work whose re SOUTOOR WES gone ith the Indus. the n vhole at more than tries of per cent The Presider ’ otiree. knew how desperate the cond and he immediately called congress into ex. traordinary session, hanks for a holiday so they cduld get started fresh after they hb tn detern tlons were he closed ine whether they were sol vent and he began grinding out a pro gram for signed to restore order out of chaos These things were within =a period of ten days and It was thought the strain would lessen after the hanks were again operating But the darvs and igh between March 4 and March 15, the period of the banking holiday, were only the beginning, Others presenting Just as much of a burden have occurred until the current gues ' ts " legislation by congress done * * * It may sound simple that the Pres! dent called congress Into exira sos. sion; that he closed the banks and that he did all of the other things men tioned above, Unfortunately, it ix not fo simple as It sounds. For example, Mr. Roosevelt was Inaugurated at noon, March 4; he had luncheon with a few friends and went to work with the new members of his cabinet. A steady stream of men filed in and out Strenuous Days Chief Executive sought to map plans breaking point, N A statement addressed to League of Nations, the Soviet gov. ernment, and the signatories of the nine power pact. the Southwest Poll. tical ecouncli condemned China's truce which the Nanking regime ean imple. ment only by precipitating a civil war, The statement said the eouncit would be compelled to take steps to safeguard the honor and vital Inter ests of China as a nation determined not to be conquered, Paraguay has notified the League of Nations that it will not accept the lat- est proposals of the league for arbi. tration of its quarrel with Bolivia over the Gran Chaco territory, THe prince of the Asturiae, son of former King Alfonso of Spain, in. tends to marry Edelmira Sampedro of Cuba, a commoner, despite hig father's objection. Dispatches from Paris say the prince, at the demand of Alfonsa’s ing all rights to the throne for himself? and his descendants in favor of his brother Don Jaime, ©. 1823, Western Newspaper Union. the President had gone to the White House itself and long after midnight he was working on a program for handling the banking situation. Awak- ened at seven o'clock, the circum. stances of the preceding afternoon and Sunday. Then, the banking holiday proclamation was ready. Rut the banks, having been closed, Emergency legislation was required. [t*had to be let-proof. Bankers and experts in finance and in legisiation were sum moned; others were called by long distance telephone and their views and suggestions ascertained ahd members of the senate and the house had to he consulted that any «lip might be avoided, That was just one problem. There were numerous others, perhaps not quite as acute at that time bot never theless vital to the country as a whole, In order to save precious moments, the President was eating his noonday meal on his desk in the Executive of. fice. Perhaps he had had a group of legislators or advisors with him at breakfast. He seldom wax able to dine alone in the evening becnuse there were questions to be decided at once and people whom he had called to consult were awaiting the moment they were to have with him. It would naturally seem that the strain would subside after the first few weeks of a pew administration, but such was not the case for Presi. dent Roosevelt, He told the country duripg his campalgn that he would like to have “a honeymoon” in office for awhile. He wanted to start off his administration without having con- gress in session and with some time to map plans, But that was not to be. The “honeymoen” if such it can be called, has been delayed until now, and even now he Is not safe from the worries of his job, nor from the pester. ing of office seeking politicians, The newspaper correspondents of Washington are in a peculiar position to judge the load the President ear- ries. Those who are detailed to re port White House activities are thank- ful when the President sends out word that there will be a brief respite. It menns a moment in which those writ. ers can safely leave their job and eat a meal without fearing that the Presi. dent has sent another special message to congress or has determined to eall a world conference or has suddenly de- cided on some less consequential thing like appointment of a collector of in. ternal revenue or a United States at- torney somewhere, From the ontlines given. it is obyl. ous there was constant activity, But the activity itself proved unbearable, straln- of reasoning and their solutions and the 4 tion of which co sued, since always there are to the question. Frank! ways been amazing to me how dents have would n It was the the out urse should heen ordeal of thelr office, » . Mr. Roosey order to rex uperate olf te fal wo] . ontdoors Welcome Vacation Presider President Coolie oo gon enjoved + aft enjoyed headore Nooseyell Mr. Hoowe need to *y 13a a St * had 3 ident Harding won rather play a game of golf as a mem with cronies than thorough! { President seemed to er solitude although nsuaily he intimate friends ab Actually the purpose of these ings is to get away demands coming President. He must and freedom. His physical wellbe. ing Is at stake at all times, for unless he is physically fit he becomes In- taske from all of the office of should have upon . 0» Presidents can receive they desire to receive In but the Lawmakers ors has to be culled clogely In order not Hide Out to overcrowd the Chief Executive's time. whomeoever their offices, have adopted another method of sav. ing time for themselves In order to got work done. They go Into hiding. Otherwise, folks from the home state would occupy so much of their time they would not be able to study the problems of legislation they have be- fore them. Few of the legislators have courage, however, that has been shown by Senator Tydings of Mary- land. His home state being within ator has plenty of visitors on his office door. hours are from morning until noon, when the senate convenes, seems to me that It has required a considerable determination to take did and thus far has not caused any real howl from his constituents, so » Senator Bennett Thamp Clark of man, so to speak, because this is his first full term, he has demonstrated so near being the Democratic Presi. dential nominee over Woodrow Wilson, The late Speaker Clark “was a thorn in the flesh of President Wilson. Ren. ator Clark Is proving he is a chip off the old block by being a thorn In the side of the present President. He broke with the President on the so. called economy bill and he refused to stand hitched to several! other meas. ures, including the Industrial recovery. public construction measure. Tho Missouri senator always has been ree garded as nn Democrat through and through, but he appears to dislike por. tions of the “new deal” because of their unorthodox character, © 1988, Western Newspaper Ublon Age of Reason Great Americans Luck By ED HOWE fression ; everywhere careful every i nh did one much betier was Injured The those ~realized that they suffered muck the occupants of thrown they doubt houses together built, and neglected There carelessness is o were that an . on When it ever we man who about necessary lights left burning by less people, is a better mean persons who left the expense is We will also like the does age of reason will admit goes turning heenuse to them Few families ply of new string on string Is needed, a saving woman who it usus * & 9» “Who ir fifteen greates I have they are compar A man asks me: ion are the Americans?” lieve men: some of them pe away In small towns Most of the noted mer been called to W President Hoover welt In the presser; have vise attends any ma In the course baseball pls “breaks” a have come to all of © have not of them ; frequentls dle bad “breaks” x This Is the truth, an but what I belleve is luckiest man in the world, we take * * . in the gentlest wife there Is 8 ton of the Old Harry she does not show in mingling with the neighbors. but which does show In mingling with a hushand If wires were ag polite and géntle with hushands as telephone girls are with subserib ers, there” would be fewer hus bands. always bad During the presentation of a play I attended recently, an actor men tioned a Contented Farmer, whereupon those Mn the audience burst into laughter. . os i came to Miama, Fla. this winter, disgusted because Hannah, the colored tered my room without putting the windows down, if 1 had them up, or putting them up If 1 had them down. I have been disgusted all winter In Miami because Nancy, at the apart ment house, where 1 live, does the I was walking on the streets Intely with a white wonmn from Indiana. She learned bossy wars as a school teacher when young. The tilt of my hat brim didn't suit her. so she reached over and changed it. Owoca- sionally (not often) 1 rebel, and said to her: “Put that hat brim back where you found 1.” She is probably telling around now that I am no gentleman, but she did it. I have never suited women; always there is something about me they want to fix. $n As soon as a fool proposes another plan for more human betterment than is possible, the people should some how have the power to say to him: “Now, now, we've tried that” and force him back to work. The certain thing seems to be we cannot afford to try all these plans as we have been doing some thousands of years to the violent disturbance of Industry and peace, © 1923, Rell Byadicate —WNU Servion
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers