AR for Trench Silos Invaluable Farm Accessory Easy to Construct, and Lasting. By JOHN A. AREY, Dalry Extension Spe. cialist, North Carolina State Col- lege.~—~WNU Service. While no definite experimental work has been done in testing the trench silo in North Carolina, indications are that this type of silo may be useful because of the economy in construc. tion and the need for more silos along with increasing dairy development in the state, The trench silo is being used by an increasing number of Georgia, Missis- sippi and South Carolina farmers. It has long been used in the western states and has proven very satisfac- tory. I believe the type has a wide adaptation in this state, especlally among owners of small herds. Every farmer keeping a few dairy cattle needs a silo of some kind, for the rea- son that about 30 per cent of the feed is lost when harvested and fed dry. Using a silo eliminates this loss, Four advantages of the trench silo may be listed. First, it costs little to construct. The roof and the labor for digging are the main items of ex- pense, The average cost of construct- ing 15 such silos in South Carolina during 1030 was 95 cents a ton capac- ity. On this basis it would cost $28.50 to construct a 30-ton silo which would hold epough for eight to ten COWS, The second advantage is that the trench silo is easily constructed. The labor and tools generally found on the farm may be used. Third, it is easy to fill. The vertical filling equipment is not needed. Finally, the trench silo cannot blow down, regardless of size. silage Special Treatment of Fence Posts Advisable Cutting fence posts in the woods and placing them in the ground a few days later, without barking or curing them, constitutes a great waste both of posts and labor. Posts should be cut several months before they are set, and it is especially important that the bark be removed. The life of a fence post is, of course, influenced by a number of other fac tors besides those mentioned, such as the amount of heartwood and sap- wood it contains, the rate at which it has grown, the kind of soil In which it is set. The most durable woods are osage orange, white oak, mulberry, red cedar and black locust. When these woods are barked and properly cured, they will last from 20 to 30 years un- der ordinary conditions. Quicker growing and softer woods, after being cured, should be treated with creosote. When this is thoroughly done, they will last as long as harder woods, A fence post from which the bark has not been removed holds the mois. ture which is absorbs In rainy sons, thus conditions favor- able for bacterial and fungus growth. Moisture held be bark and the wood ft place for the growth of and insects that shorten the post.—Wallace's Farmer. 80a. ty le ley er maxing tween the irnishes an ideal fongi life of wood-destroying the Bean Beetles Common Ohio has been severe attacks in gardens this year from the Mexican bean beetle, which is a cop- per-colored about one-fourth inch long and with 16 spots. This southern visitor which has become common in Ohio only in recent years may be controlled by spraying with calcium arsenate at the rate of one pound of the arsenate and two pounds of hydrated lime in 50 gallons of wa. ter, says the Ohio Farmer. The same poisons may be dusted before bean pods form on the plants Barium fluosilicate sold under vari- ous trade names is recommended by several experiment stations. « The in- sects feed on the tissues of the under side of the bean leaf, and hence it is essential that the leaves be sprayed or dusted thoroughly to get the poison material on the lower side of the leaf. Fall Planting Several readers ask whether rasp berries and other brambles may be set fn fall. This is practical, and often more convenient than in spring. After the leaves have dropped in fall, a plant is in condition to set. The earth may be made very firm around the roots when setting, which Is good advice with regard to the handling of most herbaceous plants and trees. One dis. advantage in fall setting is that in very windy places they may be racked around in winter before getting a root hold. Firming the earth around the roots helps avoid this. Cutting back as much as the tops will stand also gives less surface for the wind to work on. A forkful of manure scat- tered around on the surface is use ful, both as mulch and for fertility. Rural New-Yorker. experiencing insect Lespedeza Coming North Korean lespedeza is pushing its way porth Into Indiana. The common kind is reseeding itself as far north as In- dianapolis, and the korean as far north as the Michigan line. This legume has its chief value as a pasture crop on acid solls that are unsuited to clovers and alfalfa. It is neither a substitute for, nor competitor with, clovers, al falfa, or soybeans as far as hay pro- Suetiooye fertility improvement are according to Hoard's Dairy. man. When on Exhibition Accustomed Food and Drink Vital Points. By CHARLES H, CRAWFORD, New York State College of Agriculture WNU Service, Midway noises and milling crowds of county falrs, a strange stable, strange companions, and strange wa- ter, contrasted to the quiet, darkened, home stable, and a trusting 4-H care taker, upsets calves’ digestions and dispositions, Under such unusual conditions it is not uncommon for calves to refuse to drink when they are away from home, and the calf may become gaunt and listless. Such calves show poorly. To overcome the possibility of such a condition, 4-H ecalf-elub exhibitors should | teach their calves to drink skimmilk. The milk helps the ealf to grow and also helps give the calf the finish that only a well-fed animal pos sesses, In addition to being a good feed, the desire for skimmilk prevents the calf from refusing to drink, for the desire for the milk overcomes the distaste of the strange water. Skim: ing one pound of dry skimmilk to! nine pounds of water. i For a week or ten days before the show, the calf should be fed as she | Is to be fed at the show. This pre | vents sudden changes which may throw the calf off feed. If possible, take hay to the show. Dry mixed timothy-clover hay is better for ealves that are hanled a eonsiderable dis tance than is the more luscious green | alfalfa bay, | Move to Have Animals Classified by Records The various breed associations are rapidly moving away from the idea that an animal is necessarily superior | because it can be registered. Prae- | tically all dairy breed associations now | have classifications within the breed, based on milk records and inspection | for individual excellence, At the last | meeting of the Jersey Cattle club of | the United States, for instance, it was | decided to establish a tested sire list A bull for this list | when he has ten tested daughters that | have qualified. The tested sire be | comes atically a superior sire | when the total number of his tested | daughters shall equal or exceed 050 | per cent of all daughters registered, four years old or over, and whose | average production, figured on a ma- ture basis, shall be 600 pounds butter | fat or more, Another Important | change adopted by the meeting was a | comprehensive plan for the inspection and classification of Jersey herds. A herd, at the request of its owner, will i be inspected by a competent judge and | classified in of six different | classes. Even with these progressive | measures, the Jersey fraternity across the line have not yet advanced as far | fs a other tions, becomes eligible auto one couple of breed associa Burdock is a Le) mon i in waste place of It sel under flower. | weed trouble fields jal, ust. The seed, | Reptem- rs, Is ripe by 1 Is best done hy ent the crown or spading ont ground is and first before seeds are ripe handful soft, year the the year. Al of salt applied after cutting in hot, dry weather kill the | plant. Waste places should be seed | ed to grass and the weeds kept out until the grass has become firmly es tablished. | Fight the Rats | wet or gecond will An Increase in the infestation of rats on farms is reported by those who | are concerned in rodent control work. | A large quantity of food on farms | such as corn and other grains, etc. | is given as the reason for the increase. | Rats can destroy much grain and | cause a considerable loss on a farm, if permitted to thrive unhampered. A | well organized fight should be carried | on against these pests. The use of poisons, such as red squill, have prov- | en effective, While the eribs are emp- | ty this summer, time spent in making them rat proof will be profitable.~In- diana Farmer's Guide, Agricultural Squibs Testing will help to find the vigor: ous ears of seed corn. . + =» ! Cut all milkweed, ground cherry, : pokeweed, and wild and burr cucum- | bers that grow mear the cucumber | vines, because they harbor the mosaic | disease. . » » Ohio farmers saved 7 per cent more pigs of the spring pig crop than they did a year ago, but the crop in the United States this year is 7 per cent smaller, * . - Rotating stock on pastures In- creases production, eliminates waste, and makes better sods, or - On July 15 all federal quarantine regulations for the control of corn borer spread were lifted because of lack of money for enforcement, according to Secretary of Agriculture Hyde. . + @» Cultivation of stubble directly after harvest will encourage germination of ragweed seed, then In the soil, the young plants being killed with the har: row, or plowed under for humus THE CHESS BOARD Compares More Than Favor- ably With Diplomacy. Sir John Simon, speaking at the opening of the annual congress of the British Chess federation, referred to the Innocence of the chess player, “Your opponent,” he sald, “holds out two fists, each with a pawn, You indicate one of the fists. He opens it and shows you a black pawn. No body since the beginning of the game of chess has ever sald, ‘But haven't vou got a black pawn in the other fist?" In this, the foreign secretary was perhaps thinking, the chess player compares favorably with the diplo mut, even though thelr games are not dissimilar, When the world Is your board and pawns men and women whose lives are at stake, when castles are mounted with guns and the slantwige attack of a bishop means death from the air, who dare be Innocent? Chess is an abetract of politics, It is politics without pas sion, diplomacy in a world where all treaties are observed and all agree ments faithfully fulfilled. The knight treads a crooked path like any poli tician, but it Is always the same path; even the queen--the dictator ISL rules, Pawns do not suddenly, like Japanese soldiers, leap forward five squares, nor players threaten, unless this is allowed, to obey overturn the whole board, The In the innocence of the economie man: and chess is the most refreshing game that exists because least like life, What king, with a knowledge of good and evil, would be content to move by rule to the in evitable doom? Where is the bishop who wonld allow a pawn to drive him from his diocese? Chess was obviously Invented by disillusioned statesmen. It represents thelr uto- pia—proletariat iz front; king with glory and no power; queen (in the East, by the way, called minister) all pewerful ; church sudden and un expected In attack; army threaten ing unlikely places; landowners firm and direct and powerful, particular ly in difficult times when others have fallen They rule at Geneva, Guardian, the whole work. do not work to Manchester (Eng.) Expediency Doctor—No no aleochol, no theaters, a quiet life, plain food, and early to bed, Patient—Y es, then? Doctor pay my tobacco, doctor, and what Then you will be able to billL—Cleveland News. The Cinema Influence Youth (pointing out lovely bather) ~There, isn't she a peach? She knocks all the rest of the girls down here silly. Friend flutten-"em Ha! a real S——— Her little home had included. decay this winter. and summer. its low price. this costly mistake. poor bargain.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers