News Review of Current ROSPECTS for cessation of hos tilities in China .and for ultimate peace wer» somewhat enhanced the middle of the week, for Japan had ws Saved face” Her a forces in the Shang- hal area strongly re- Inforced and under the supreme command of Gen. Yoshinori Shi- rakawa, former minis ter of war, another tremendous effort to drive back the Chi- nese army was start- ed and after many hours of flerce figint- ing, was reported to have succeeded. Gen. Tsal Ting-sal's Nine teenth route army which had been so bravely resisting the invaders, broke and fled northwestward and westward from the Chapei-Kiangwan line, and the Japanese having accomplished their immediate object, their military and naval authorities ordered the ces sation of operations and submitted terms for a truce pending the holding of an international conference on the Shanghal situation. It was apparent that the Japanese were determined to win a big victory before the meeting of the League of Nations assembly on Thursday. Hav- Ing accomplished this object, they were in better position to make or accept peace plans, Earlier In the week con- versations in Geneva and aboard the flagship of British Admiral Sir How- ard Kelly at Shangha! had led to hopes that there would be an Immediate ces- sation of fighting. But the Japanese still insisted on the withdrawal of the Chinese forces before moving their own, and this China refused. In Ge. neva the council of the league adopted & proposal of Joseph Paul-Boncour for a conference of all the powers directly Interested, In Shanghal, and the Jap anese government accepted this plan. Sir John Simon, British delegate, an nounced that the United States would adhere to this proposal. The council made the eonference contingent upon f truce, and the fact that the severest fighting of the war followed Immedi- ately served to confuse the situation and to make observers In Shanghai skeptical of results. Dispatches from Tokyo quoted War Minister Araki as declaring: “Even if diplomatic negotiations are opened, we cannot withdraw our forces Immedi- ately. It Is impossible to do so In dealing with China's undisciplined and treacherous military forces. We can only withdraw our troops after witnessing ourselves that the Chinese forces have been withdrawn definitely to a certain designated point. We can keep our promise, but there is no guar antee that the Chinese will keep theirs.” Notwithstanding the arguments and pleas of certain university presidents and many pacifists, the United States government will not countenance a boycott of Japan, which would be In effect a war measure. Great Britain also is opposed to such an economic blockade, and therefore It was predict ed that this drastic step would not be voted by the league assembly. The smaller nations were expected to fa- vor the boycott, but it could be side- tracked by the British, Gen, Shira. kawa HARLES AUGUSTUS LIND. bergh, Jr. the twenty-months-old son of Col. and Mrs, Charles A. Lind- bergh, was kidnaped Tuesday evening from the nursery on the second floor of his parents’ home at Hopewell, N, J. The police forces of New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania and other eastern states were busy on the ease within an hour and, with the ald of countless airmen, began an Intensive search for the Infant and the rash miscreants who had stolen him. In- dications were that the crime was committed by a man and a woman and that the kidnapers had fled In an automobile, The criminals left a note demand. ing the payment of $50,000 ransom apd threatening the baby with death If this were refused. Colonel and Mrs, Lindbergh were of course ready to pay anything possible to get back their child and the authorities aided them in facilitating negotiations, At this writing it Is reported that the re- turn of the baby 1s expected soon. The kidnaping shocked the nation and the Lindberghs had the warm sym. pathy of the entire population of the country and the active ald of every. one who could In anyway help them. Ne°r officially associated In any way with the situation in the Orient, but interesting nevertheless is the fact that in a short time almost the entire navy of the United States will be In the Pacific ocean. Orders lssued by the Navy department direct most of the warships In Atlantle wa- ters to take part In the March and April maneuvers in the San Pedro area. The training squadron of the scouting force and the special service squadron, Including ten new ecrulsers and destroyers, will join the scouting force of the Pacific fleet In defense of #hat part of the California coast from | attack by the battle fleet, which was due to start eastward from Hawail on March 8, A total of 141 warships of all types, including battleships, aircraft carriers, elght-inch gun cruis- ers, destroyers, and submarines will participate In the test of the Pacific coast’s defensive power. EPRESENTATIVE CHARLES R. Crisp of Georgia, acting chair man of the house ways and means committee, and his subcommittee for the drafting of the new tax bill complet- ed their work and re- ported the measure to the full committee, after which it was of- fered to the house for passage. Mr. Crisp announced that the bill assured a bal- anced budget by the end of the next fiscal year provided current estimates were not upset. C. R. Crisp The measure Is expected to provide approximately $1,100,000,000 addition- al revenue annually through new or Increased taxes. The principle fea- ture is the general manufacturers’ sale tax, which, by the Inclusion of & tax on gasoline sales, should pro- duce $625,000,000 annually. Increases fo income, Inheritance and estate taxes will bring abeut $250,000.000. The remaining $225,000,000, or there abouts, will be raised by excise taxes. A promised cut of $125,000000 to $150,000,000 in appropriations will bring this revenue program within the limits of next year's budget, it was sald. J coNoNY went by the board when the house passed the emergency road construction bill which appropri- ates $132.500,000 for federal ald to the states In road building. Supported as a means of relief to the unemployed, the measure passed by a vote of 204 to 100, only 12 Democrats being recorded in opposition. Most of the money is to be allotted to the states by the sec retary of agriculture under the pro visions of the federal highway act. The federal government, according to the terms of the measure, is to be re Imbursed over a period of ten years, commencing in 1938 by making deduc- tions from regular apportionments to be made later under the highway act Secretary of Agriculture Hyde se verely criticized the bill, asserting it would provide jobs for only about 35. 000 men and would endanger stable development of the future federal aid program. It was predicted the meas ure, If it passed the senate, would be vetoed by the President. UARRELING over credit for leg- islative achievements, the Hoover supporters and the Democratic lead ers have quite ruptured the bi-partisan alliance for the eco- nomic relief of the country, such as it was. Speaker Garner assailed the Pres! dent, was In turn at- tacked by Senator Moses of New Hamp- shire, and the Demo- crats who hope to see Mr. Garner nominated for President leaped to his defense. Chief of the latter was Sen- ator Tom Connally of Texas. In a flery speech he lambast- ed the administration for extravagance and lauded the Democrats for econ omy. Senator Brookhart of lowa Inter Jected a question and brought on him- self this withering retort: "The senator from Iowa Is a Repub lean In name only. He Is Just as bit ter an antagonist of the present ad ministration as any Democrat dare be. Yet bie is nfrald of angthing that hap pens to bear the Democratic label.” Sen. Connally —— } AY by day Al Smith Is becoming more than a receptive candidate for the Democratic nomination, He has given written permission to his friends to enter him in the Massa. chuselts primary. Smith carried that state in 10238 and Is so popular there that it will be the scene of the real Smith-Roosevelt fight, One former Democratic senator who seeks to take advantage of this pos. sibly Democratic year to regain his old seat is Danlel F. Steck of Towa. In announcing his candidacy he out. lined views on national Issues, advo eating tariff revision, a referendum on prohibition and adequate farm relief legislation. Steck was the Democratic nominee In 1024 and was seated by the senate after an election contest with Smith W. Brookhart. He was defeated In 1930 by Senator LL. J. Dickinson, Maj. Gen. Smedley D. Butler an. nounced that he Is a candidate for the Republican nomination for United States senator from Pennsylvania against Senator James J. Davis, Gen. eral Butler sald he would run on a platform and would have the Pat support of Gov. Giford Plachet. RESIDENT HOOVER in a special message to congress asked for leg- Islation that would speed up federal criminal court justice, eliminate flaws in the national bankruptcy act and strengthen prohibition enforcement in the District of Columbia, The Presi dent's proposals Included: 1. Legislation permitting the United States Supreme court to prescribe uni form rules of practice and procedure In criminal cases for all proceedings after verdicts In 80 as to shorten the time between con- victlon of prisoners and thelr incar- ceration In federal penitentiaries, 2. Laws permitting an accused per- son to walve the requirement of in- dietment by grand Jury when the ae- cused admits his guilt, 8. Legislation making valid ment, regardless of whether Ineligible Jurors voted. 4. Passing of legislation limiting the ot jurors, bh. Legislation enabling the attorney general to forego prosecution of chil- dren in the federal courts and to re- turn them to state authorities to be dealt with by juvenile courts and other state agencies, 6. Legislation supplementing the pro- hibition luw for the District of Colum bin, 7. Amendment of the bankruptey laws to glye debtors protection of the courts In certain cases, to remove enm- bersome sections of the bankruptey laws, to require examination of every bankrupt by a responsible official and numerous other reforms, 8 Legisiation creating additional Judgships and federal court personnel to reileve congestion, EGISLATION to authorize a com- plete investigation of the'stock ex- changes is favored by the senate bank- ing committee and au subcommlitiee headed by Senator Walcott of Connec- ticut has been appointed to prepare it. It was the consensus of the come mittee, Chairman Norbeck sald, that all phases of stock market speculation should be Inquired into. The activi ties of the long Interests as well ae the short Interests will be Invest gated, he sald, but it fs probable that the bears will receive first attention. With only five votes In opposition the senute passed the Norris antl-in- Junction bill for which organized ia- bor has Been erying for several years, It sharply limits the cases In which federal Injunctions may {ssue in labor disputes; provides that a person charged with Indirect contempt of a peal, and outlaws contract — that is, the “yellow any ¢ t whereby employment, the house, Beck-Linthicum The petition to bring the bili necessary 145 signatures, the final cheered. fore March 14. AVID JAYNE HILL, educator, his torian and diplomat, died last week in Washington, where he had lived In retirement for many years Before becoming ambassador to Ger. many in 1907, Doctor Hill served as president of Bucknell university for nine years. From 1585 to 1800 he was president of the University of Roches. ter. He began his diplomatic career in 1903, when he was appointed min- ister to Switzerland. He was made minister to the Netherlands two years later, and was a member of the per manent administrative council of The Hague tribunal and one of the Amer. ican delegates to the second peace conference at The Hague. EVOLT has broken out in Finland. The rebels are members of the Lapua party, or Fascists, and they have gathered In large numbers, well nrmed, threatening civil war If President Pehr Evind Svinhuf- vud does not oust all Communists and So cialists from his cab. inet. The president's reply was the decree ing of a new safety law that gives him ex- treme military powers to meet the crisis. It permits the suppres. President found guilty of agita- Svinhufvud 41, dissolving of all demonstrations, search of homes, ex- amination of all persons out of doors and hindrance of armed Individuals moving from place to place, with oth. er steps considered necessary to pre serve order, The army and elvil guards proved loyal to the government and went out to meet the revolutionaries, and the president decided the leaders of the Lapua party should be arrested if possible. The disturbance was main. Iy in bouthern Finland, centering at Mantsala, REAT BRITAIN'S era of free trade, which had Insted for 85 years, came fo an end with the en. actment of the new tariff law and its approval by the crown. The final hours saw numerous ships rushing to all the ports of the United Kingdom, trying to get their cargoes to land betors Wie customs duties became ef fecti 1B 190 Western Newsonser Unload | Use Sweet Clover to Improve Soil It Also Provides Nutritious Pasture—Live Stock Take to It. Sweet clover Is an excellent soll-lm- proving crop, probably the best when (stands are secured. However, it Is necessary to lime average lands be fore seeding sweet clover, says writer In the Southern Agriculturist, If it Is practical to lime the land, 1 think you would make no mistake in seeding It to sweet clover next spring. If you sow the unhulled seed, you could sow It In February; while If you sow hulled seed, you had probably better not sow until the tenth or fifteenth of March, While live stock do not like sweet clover at first, when confined on It they Boon acquire a taste for it and make good use of the erop. It makes a nu- tritious pasture. Even If you sow sweet clover on the land, it would be very well to sow three to five pounds of lespedeza to the acre also, to fill In any gaps that there may be. Lespedeza is an excellent soll im- proving crop, although it does not im- prove soll as rapidly as does sweet clover. It will not be necessary to lime for lespedza. Just sow it on lightly frozen ground or a freshly pre pared, compacted ground about the middle of March. If sowing for a full stand, you had better use 15 to 20 pounds of seed per acre, although six pounds will give a fair stand the sec ond year. If you sow unhulled sweet clover seed, sow 20 to 25 pounds to the acre: if you sow hulled sweet clover seed, 10 to 12 pounds to the acre should be sown, Insect Pests Checked by Plowing in Winter Recent investigations on soll erosion show the enormous losses farmers snf- fer from this cause. Every time you have & heavy raln and your smal creeks are filled with muddy water, You are sending some of the cream of your farm on its way to help clog op the Gulf of Mexico. With this In mind, therefore, one must consider well any recommendations that are | made relative to the plowing of land during the winter months. And yet, If one will carefully guard against un due losses from soil erosion, winter plowing can be used as one of the most effective practical controls for various soll-inhabiting Insect This 1s especially true of the various pests that normally build ap thelr pop uintions in sod land and then turn to cultivated crops planted on such ground the following summer. Cut | worms, sod webworms, root lice, grass hoppers, chinch bugs. and, to a less extent, grubworms and wireworms and i many others are more 6r less effective ly checked by winter plowing. Many are destroyed outright and more are exposed to the elements and to thelr enemies, Wherever it Is safe to do so. sod Inand that is to be used the follow- ing year for corn should be plowed In the Inte fall or at favorable times dor ing the winter months However, It is usually not safe to plow sloping land and flelds which naturally erode bad. Iy during the winter.—Missour! Farmer. pestis Cornstalk Poisoning Cornstalk diseases, which In some seasons causes heavy losses In cattle and horses that pasture cornsialks. Is a difficult disease to contend with states Dr. G. 8 Weaver, veterinarian at South Dakota State college. The cause of the disease Is not known. The most reasonable opinion Is that it Is due to some kind of poisoning. either prussic acid or potassiom nl trate or both. Animals become nervy. ous, A sort of Intoxication takes place, the animal becomes weak and wabbly, some being #0 crazed that they have a tendency to fight anyone giving them attention. Treatment of sick an. imals is Ineffective and the only ahso- lute preventative Is to keep cattle out of the stalk fields. Some years there is little trouble from this disease, and most farmers take a chance on getting the feed from the fields, If poisoning occurs It probably will be wise to aban. don the stalks so far ns feeding Is con. cerned. Prairie Farmer, Watch Horses’ Teeth As the idle horse lives largely on dry roughage, the teeth should be In | #pected occasionally, In the horse the upper jaw is slightly wider than the lower jaw so that the teeth are not exactly opposite. The wear Is not equally distributed and sharp edges are often left on the Inside of the lower molars and on the outside of the uppers which may cut the tongue or cheeks, When the horse eats, the food irritates the sorcs and he may not feed well. These sharp edges should be rasped down with a guarded rasp as often ag necessary to keep the teeth In proper shape.~American Ag riculturist, Pruning, Plain Problem One who would prune successfally should have an ideal shape In mind and ever strive to attain it. Enough lateral branches should be removed from the central leader to permit sun light to get at the center of the tree. Fruit wil ithen be evenly distributed over the tree. A little pruning done each year makes a better shape possi ble; besides, shock and Injury to the Farmer, Look to Purity of Farm Water Supply Two Methods Given Sane- tion by Authority, A pure water supply on the farm helps In insuring protection from 1y- phold and other diseases, believes Vir gll Overholt, extension specialist in agricultural engineering at the Ohlo State university, The Ideal well, he says, should be located about 800 feet from sources of pollution such ns leaching privies, open-jolnted sewers, and open bottom cesspools. Otherwise the water sup- ply of the farm home is very likely to be a menace to health. All wells nie best made with a wa- ter-tight wall extending to at least 25 feet below the ground surface, and sliould be provided with a sloping con- crete well glab so as to divert the sur- face drainage. It is a good Idea to connect the pump to the well stab in a way that will exclude the entrance of waste water. Another precaution is to install a self-priming pump with the base east solld on pump stock or stand- ard. This makes It unnecessary to prime with water of questionable purity, Although springs are commonly thought to be a source of pure water, in reality they often are polluted, ac- cording to Overholt. In springs the water must come clear to the surface through natural channels. This makes surface contamination easy. Great care is required in developing a spring 80 88 to exclude surface water and to prevent the entrance of such animals as salamanders and crawfish. Grass Beef Considered Inferior to Grain-Fed Beef formed on gross is, on the av- erage, considered to be less desirable than the beef from grain-fed cattle It is usually darker colored, the fat is normally yellower, and the carcass shows greater shrink from slaughter up to time of consumption. Because of the greater exercise the animals have to take during their period of fattening thelr muscles are, on the av- erage, tougher. On the other hand, the flavor of grass beef usually ranks high and In some of the special In vestigations on quality and palatibility of meat cooperatively conducted by the Department of Agriculture and the sinte agricultural colleges unusually fine results with regard to flavor, qual fty, texture, flesh color and fat color have been secured, Nevertheless it is the common opinion of the trade that grass beef Is inferior to grain-fed beef, and the outl for grass beef are di ally, mini annt Potato Acreage Cut Reports received by the Department of Agriculture from commercial grow- ers of southern early and of interme diate crop show a greater degree of uncertainty concerning plans potatoes past. Although expenses will average lower on many important items enter. ing Into the cost of producing pota- toes, credit is restricted and the dif culty of securing the usual financing to grow a crop Is reflected In a8 ma- jority of the reports For 18 states growing a commer cial early or Intermediate crop, the reported January 1 plans Indicate a prospective planting of 258.030 acres, which would be abont 23 per cent less than the 1031 acreage and slightly be. low the reduced acreage of 1920. The intermediate states as a group, report plans for a slightly increased acreage, Money in Cowpeas One crop of potatoes following cow. peas was worth a crop of potatoes and a cotton crop In addition to CO. A. Stanford, Cameron county, Texas. Mr. Stanford had 12 acres in potatoes. Six acres had been In cowpeas the year before and the peas had been plowed down. From this field he got 770 sacks of potatoes, worth $2,507.50, The other six acres were In cotton the previous year. It made 507 sacks and brought $1632. The cotton crop brought $500. The cowpens seed cost $30 so the six acres of potatoes that followed cowpeas were worth $345.50 more than the potato crop and the cotton which preceded It on the other six acres. Potatoes on land that had been in peas brought $145.01 an acre more than those that followed cotton. ~Capper's Farmer, Farm Hints The problem of neglected orchards is really a community problem, for such an orchard Is a breeding ground for pests which infest other orchards in the vicinity, . & » In the past six vears 784 pure-bred rams have been distributed at 24 sales conducted hy co-operative sheep and wool producers’ associations in Penn. sylvania, * 0» fowa In 1031 produced about 4.675. 000 bushels of potatoes—125.000 bush. els more in 1000, . 9» The Colorado station finds that mod- erate weathering may cause loss of 50 to 80 per cent of the vilamin content of alfalfa hay. * * » 8 OR MORE PERFECT CIGARETTES FOR HEN my pay was cut I had to think of ways to save. My pal told me about Target and I tried it. Now you couldn't get me to smoke any other kind of cigarette, but the ones I roll from Target. Target's areal cigarette tobacco and with those gummed papers you get free, it doesn’t take a magician to roll a cigarette that looks just like & ready-made. Think of it, gents! Savin’ half a buck a week and smokes better than ever.” MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE Por 20 ready-made smokes you pay 6¢ federal tax (plus a state tax in some states). With Target you pey only if. And your desler offers you 8 money- back guerantee if you don't sey Target is better than any other cigarette to- bacco you have ever rolled. WRAPPED IN MOISTUREPROOF Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. Louisville, Ky. Ora l,iSINOWS AW NO M3IM V 0S SONIA Short-Sighted Germans Statistics derived from investiga. tions conducted by the German gov. ernment show that Germany may very properly be designated as the “Land of the Shortsighted.™ No- where else in the whole world is there a country where there is a larger percentage of pear sighted people. Of the German states where visgional defects are most pronounced, Saxony was discovered to be at the head of the unenviable list. There, out of every 1,000 adults, more than 200 are affected with myopla.-—Nenes Wiener Tagblatt, Vienna. ADVISES HEAT OF RED PEPPERS FOR RHEUMATISM Brings Almost Instant Relief When the intolerable pains of rheu- ast or Iunigs drive you “ae ‘t forget the marvelous heat Nature put into red peppers. For it is this penetrating heat that relieves all pain as it soothes and gets down under the skin, seeming to clear up inflammation instantly. It is this genuine red peppers heat that is now contai in an ointment called Rowies Red r Rub Ary tub X13 Jot ean’ same. The : hing rior upa ger. sell Rowles Red Pepper Rub in ent jane. Pride of Halifax That it possesses the perfect haby Is the clam made by Halifax, Eng land. Twins on view at the town's baby show were adjudged 99 per cent perfect. One mother proudly stated that her baby weighed 12 pounds when he was born, and had been sine gled out for special merit at three different shows,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers