\ J ITH the United States, Great France, and smaller re the world Britain, several publics of according the new government at Ma- drid, headed by Nice- to Aleta Zamora, formal recognition, Spain's republican ex- has come into being. istence promptly The recognition of the republie President &amory Spanish served to tion by by the British government clear the way for similar ac the United States, Secretary of State Henry L. son instructed the American ambassa- dor to Spain to advise the republican Stim government of the action taken by Washingion, tecognition by the United States was said to have been hastened hy the consideration, urged by President Za- mora, that a general recognition of the new government by the great powers will tend to str then it at home and enable it to maintain order. Although Ambassador Irwin B. Laughlin is to continue at Madrid for the time being, his permanent reten. tion there will depend upon his ac ceptability to the republican govern ment. There have been reports that the ambassador, who Is a Pittsburgh steel illionaire, has publicly ex- pressed a low opinion of the republi- cans forming the new government. The provisional government an- nounced it would recognize all debts of the monarchy, This resulted in strengthening of stocks and securl- ties on the exchange, HE federal farm board week announced its offer for sale on the European market as rapidly as possible the huge sur pilus of wheat acquired under the wheat stabilization operations of 1030- 31. It has been estimated the surplus of such wheat controlled by the board will be approximately 275,000,000 bushels by July 1, next. The board is of the opinion such sales can be made without de pressing domestic wheat prices. The government purchases were made at an average price of about 92 cents a bushel, and the estimate has been made that the board might suffer a loss as high as 50 per cent in sales on this wheat if made in Europe at the present time, Advice to farmers to store thelr grain on the farm is extended. It will cost about one-third of the regular carrying charges, if the wheat {s stored on the farm itself. The attempted solution of the problem so far as the board has worked it out appears to be that the board is going to try to unload its surplus when and where it can, so far as it can without bring. ing about too great a slump In the market, The farmer Is then to be asked to help carry the load of the coming crop and the boar: will offer him a tentative promise of ald, through co operatives suggesting an additional incentive to the farmer to join a co- operative. James S. Stone, chairman of the board, announced that the govern- ment had sold 7,000,000 bushels of wheat abroad rvecently at a figure above the world price decrease of su- perior product. during the decision to that HE message of Secretary of State Stimson warning Americans to get out of the interior of ban- dit-infested Nicaragua was sent to the Amer fean legation at Ma. nagua and to the American consul at Jluefields, The message, draft- ed by Secretary Stim- son after he had talked to President Hoover was as follows: “In view of outbreak of banditry In portions of Nicaragua hitherto free from such violence you will advise American citizens that this govern- ment cannot undertake general pro- tection of Americans throughout that country with American forces. To do 80 would lead to difficulties and com: mitments which this government does not propose to undertake, Therefore, the department recommends to all Americans who do not feel secure un. der the protection afforded them by the Nicaraguan government through the Nicaraguan National Guard to withdraw from the country, or at least to the coast towns whence they can be protected or evacuated in case of ne cessity. Those who remain do so at their own risk and must not expect American forces to be sent inland to their ald.” Six years ago Calvin Coolidge, thea President, affirmed in an address in New York what he ealled the “distinct and binding obligation on the part of self-respecting governments to afford protection to the persons and property of their citizens, wherever they may be” Secretary Stimson This American doctrine Stimson now amends. American protection, by the new policy, follows American citl- zens ashore, but not to the interior of rebel-infested Nicaragua. IGHLY interesting at this time Is the announcement that the Soviet government has decided to adopt a new wage system, known as the “Khozraschiot,” which apparently changes the government's policy and amplifies the inauguration of Ww ork. piece It is to go Into effect at once. The wages of workers, according to Soviet authorities, will not be based on the tic theory of equal division, but on the capitalistic idea of reward individua ‘ 8 | skill ability, The means communi and ing word “economic iterally accounting.” It is interpreted in the decree to mean that each factory, plant farm, railroad and henceforth the responsibility of ful contracts and adjudging wages Interference from trade collective mine, such must take out fons. Although certain the disciples of Lenin view the innova elements among tion regretfully as a compromise with capitalism, the government hopes the system will speed ip production, Lead ers affect to see the Khozraschiot as tending to elimi waste and fix re- sponsibility for managers and workers, ate 3 ing comments business situation is accorded that of Rog er W, Babson, the trade prophet, told President Hoover that better times are on the way. Business, he sald, has turned the corner and now is definitely on the up- grade, “In almost every line of Industry there are some con cerns which, in March, showed an In crease in earnings ove February. What Is more Important, they showed an Increase for this March over March of last year. Certain of the railroads also have turned the corner,” he sald. Mr. Babson has earned the right to be listened to when he ventures upon the thin Ice of economic prognos- tication. Statistics being his dally diet, he asks the country to observe the statistics of car-loadings. These are steadily Increasing. They have al ways been of barometrical signifi- cance. When freight is moving facto- ries are working and shipping, mer chants are buying and customers are consuming. In every key Industry sta. tistics show that one or two big firms have turned the corner, promising that smaller fry, too, gre headed out of the red. If the American the of encourag- the place In on who Roger W, Babson people turn their gaze from the “big board” In Wall Street to the bigger opportunities which awalt them in constructive di rections of every sort, the upturn fore seen by Mr. Babson will come all the sooner and all the surer. ECOGNITION of the Imperative necessity of solving the problem of unem- ployment is seen In the complete reorgan- ization of the United States employment service, with 48 state employment bureaus and one In the Dis trict of Columbia and seven special central divisions established Segretary to deal with the prob- 9a lems of various trades, announced by William N. Doak, secretary of labor, John R. Alpine of New York will head the new set-up, which has £800. 000 of appropriations available for its work. Francis L Jones is to continue as director general, with supervision also over the special mining and quar- rying trades division. The Veterans placement service will be maintained, nation-wide in its scope, and the farm employment service will be expanded, “The United States employment service has decided,” Secretary Doak's announcement said, “to open up at least one employment bureau in each of the states and the District of Co lumbia, to co-operate with state and local authorities, A co-ordinated service throughout the entire country will undertake in the broadest sense to take care of interstate labor placements In co-op- eration with employers and employees, giving employers a ready fleld from which to draw all needed labor nee essary to carry forward any kind of work.” M UCH to the surprise of financial circles, stockholders of the Unit. ed States Steel corporation adopted a proposed pension plan under which James A. Farrell, president, and for several years a leading figure in the steel industry, would automatically retire on reaching the age of seventy, or ip 100% : Mr. Farrell was a leader of those In favor of the new plan, pointing out that the old one had been unsatis- factory. There are others in the great United States Steel corporation who will re. tire If the plan is adopted. It pro- vides 65 for voluntary retirement, and 70 for compulsory. In this class soon would fall E. J. uffington, president of Illinols Steel ; Joshua A. Hatfield, president of Amer- fean Bridge; Ward B. Perley, presi dent of Canadian Steel; J. 8. Keefe, president of American Steel & Wire, and E, W, Pargny, president of Amer ican Sheet & Tin Plate. All these are subsidiaries. The retirements would fall between 1033 and 1935. It was pointed out that Mr. Gary as chairman of the board of directors worked at his steel until he died—ten yedrs later than the proposed retire ment plan would require, It may be that will affect Mr. Farrell may carry on—but the says 70, other that pension plan gome plan he, too, iP Wri more ense il " than he himself expected Ramsay Mae- Donald through of a mentary Stanley tion of Comes the tem serious parlia setback. Baldwin's mo- censure, un of fort te Donald government of office, wi feated by a of Od Liberal following power in the tide to the Of 58S Lib out 8 de Ramsay MacDonald arity yoles George, the balance of of commons, Donald servative motion as unfair eral votes, MacDonald received 35, 1 1 whose turned when he denounced Con Conserva not voting or absent. Sunday %. \ 977 z pa =p or gp” nd i” A astrous conseqn nation must ci trail, and it is Doubtless the prepared Indian which has been one of the chief cau for the depression in the Bri tex- tile industry the Indian boycott on British was an im portant with erals in supporting MacDonald, tish because of goods, consideration the Lib I ELIEF that the revolution in Hon. duras is related with operations of the In- surgents under Au- gustino Sandinoe in Nicaragua has gained ground among observ. ers of Central Amer. ican politics. It is pointed that Gen. 4 Ferrera, head of the revolutionary move ment in Honduras, is openly opposed to United States inter sharing Sandino's this regard. out Gregorio Fausto Davila vention activities, views In Ferrera was in Mexico a year agn, He is of Indian blood and has a large following among the laborers on the large United States banana planta tions of the north coast of Honduras Dr. Jesus Castro, Honduran charge d'affaires at Mexico City, who recent. ly returned from a visit to Teguci galpa, sald President Mejia Colindres refusal to admit Ferrera into his eab inet was the probable cause of the revolution. He is confident it will fall, as the President has an influen tial backing and a well-trained army. Dr, Vicente Mejia Colindres was named President of Honduras in the last election and was Inaugurated on February 3, 1020. Municipal elections last December gave the Liberal party a majority. Julius G. Lay, United States minis ter in Honduras, reported to the State department that, In his opinion, the revolt would soon “fizzle out” He said no military or political figures of consequence appear to be connected with it Fausto Davila is the premier and foreign minister of Honduras, and is considered by South American diplo- mats at Washington as well able to deal with the situation. A STATEMENT setting out the at- titude of Newton D. Baker of Cleveland, former secretary of war, toward talk of his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for the Presi dency Is accepted: by politicians as clearing the atmosphere. Issued by W. B. Congwer, an Ohlo with Mr. Baker, the statement indi cated that the ex-secretdry will not do anything to obtain the nomination. but he will not refuse it should it come to him if the Democratic nation. al convention is unable to agree on any of the active candidates, During the scramble for delegates to the convention Mr. Baker will not use his influence in behalf of any particular candidate, The statement also sald: “The many kind things sald about Newton D Baker as a possible Democratic candi date for the Presidency are certiinly gratifying to Mr. Baker's friends and naturally to him, In my conversations with Mr. Baker he has shown very great interest in the party's platform but no Interest In possible candidates and 1 do not believe he has changed his former judgment on the subject This has always been that he hud ne desire for further political prefermen of any kind" (1931, Western Newspaper Union.) All Nations Pay Tribute to “Mother” Mother's day Is the one day In the Year when every real boy or girl, should pay tribute “best mother in the It Is the day when every li er with a son the name will receive a personal sage from her child, and f who has passed bevond wil ored by the wearing of a Mother's day button by behind, Millions of people rope, Asia and Africa obser apart by a Pennsyl Miss Anna Jarvis whose idea national o Following the Civil war. was “Mother's day” for Mre Anna Jarvis, the founder of the day of ob gervance, Mra, Jarvis was the daugh- ter of a minister and in her efforts to alleviate the suffering caused by the war, she tolled almost day and night in the Interest of widows and orphans, left bereaved by the strife which had swept over the land, and dependent upon the bounty of more fortunate neighbors for sus tenance, In later years, Miss Anna Jarvis, fol- lowing the work of her mother, con ceived the idea that the heart of every mother would be gladdened if, on some particular day, she could be assured of receiving a personal message, or flower, or some other little token of love from her loved children. Date Fixed by Miss Jarvis. The result was the founding of “Mother's day™ and as the late spring Is one of the most beautiful seasons of the year, Miss Jarvis arbitrarily fixed the zecond Sunday In May as the official date for this observance, Tentatively launched as a purely local event, the idea spread to other sections of Miss Jarvis’ home siate, Pennsylvania, and from there became an Interstate affair, eventually becom- ing a nationaiiy observed date. From America It spread to South America, across the borders into Canada and Mexico and thence across the seas to Europe, Asia and Africa. And today the teachings for the observance of this day dedicated to “the best mother In the world—your mother,” are being disseminated in every continent on the globe, Miss Anna Jarvis, the founder, while in Washington on business connected with the celebration, was asked for an interview on the founding of this day. She submitted the following, taken from the Congressional Record, in which it was printed by unanimous consent ; “It is doubtful If any movement of the times, In the way of a celebration, has such a strong and lasting appeal to persons of all races, creeds and classes a8 Las the Mother's day cele- bration, “It Is the most universal of all of our celebrations, for all of our relig. fous and patriotic observances are not without prejudice of some class, race or creed, man or woman, to the whole world.” ving moth- or daughter worthy, of mes. © has grows demonstr holocaust of potent of all words, wi! of cix “This Mother’ sentiment, lization has left movement of if now celebrate globe, “The people on the bos Honolulu and Atlantic City, tralia on the other side of the are just as day as any places one might ment ie globe, ic for Mother's ion.” Honored in Army and Navy. In the American ny and navy Mother's day is celebrated enthusiasm by officers alike. Indeed, ght to be of great enthusiast ar: Ger men this celebration is benefit to the morale of the enlisted itis a cherished OeCaRic oo y ’ . good come from of any special occas t man the heart of good mother through his letter, or visit, or other remembrance of Nothing but can closer to v3 home, good can from setting apart one day of the year | Love of Her Children This Is the age of medals. A man without a medal of some sort is a mis nomer, If a boy fly across the ocean, we give him a medal. If a sprinter run faster than any other human, we strike off a medal. If a patriot bare his breast to the bullets of the enemy, we cover his coat with medals. Pay is too paltry for heroes. ut what pay does mother get? Khe tolls day and night without reward. Her work is never done. And at that it is the only work in the world that does not have the wages. Down in the mountains of Georgia lived a poor widow, She had a few dull acres—and a bright boy. He sur passed anything in the district. So she stinted herself and sent him to Emory college, On commencement day under pressure she went to see him receive his diploma after he had de. livered his oration. However, he was also given the gold medal for scholar ship. He unceremoniously strode off the platform, down the aisle, back un- der the gallery and pinned the honor on an old faded shawl, saying as he did It, “This belongs to you; you earned It." Mother never raised Themistocles: she just raised us, She never ruled Russia with a rod of iron, like Cath erine; she just ruled father and us and never Jet us know it. She was never the queen of any country, like Elizabeth, not even the queen of the May; but she was queen In the heart of her home. And we really cared more for the queen mother than for all the queens of earth. Scotland may well say, “An ounce of mother is worth a pound of clergy."—Los Ane geles Times, . mothers before or to shov the living. Worthy of Remembrance. n homes are th Our of our nation, to the ns their own America Our mothers ition lives than the loved sons, husbands other dear ones—are our Inspiration, y of the year for remem One 4 I ¢ sacrifices, their f a brance of their ity, their deeds, is ne lost, Any mony ' and “home.” One of the Mother's « features is “home going” ing home.” Not any person is toon poor or busy at least to write 2 mes sage home. Legislative Approval. It will ever be to the glory of Amer ica that the first for the general display of the American flag a8 a custom was a resolution that Miss years ago in 3 ay celebration and “writ- legislation Jarvis succeeded some getting congress to Through this resolution it is now the custom for Old Glory to be dis played annually on Mother's day (Sun- day) from all public buildings, schools, and other suitable places, Is it not an inspiring thought that the mothers of the founders of our country, the mothers of our patriots, are thus honored by sons and daugh- ters? It hardly seems possible that Mises Jarvis would undertake more work, but she is planning the erection of a tribute to the mothers and homes of America in Washington. This monu- ment will be one that will remind yon and me of the “mothers of our hearts” and it should be a tribute that will make the stranger of for eign lands who may visit the Capital city think that American homes and mothers are the nation's idol This monument will not be for what Some persons may call “great moth- ers,” nor for women seeking greatness through some ancestral line, but for your mother and mine.—Washington Star. pass, ———— Began Before Christian Era Schauffler in his book on Mother's day states that the idea originated in the ceremonies incident to the worship of Rhea, the mother of gods, In Asin Minor, prior to the Christian era. The Greeks and Romans continued it as the festival of Hilaria, which was held on the ides of March. This festival was carried by the Romans into the Christian church, where the fourth Sunday in Lent was set sside as a time for the faithful to visit the church in which they were baptized their mother church. It came to be known in the Angelican church ns Mothering Sunday, and was a time when young persons bound out to serv. fee were allowed io visit thelr parents.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers