cate AS KING AL- 4 fonso and mem- . bers of the royal fami- ly seattered into exile, leaders of the Span- ish republic moved to insure the life of the new regime and to make royalty’s return to Spain fmpossible, The prison gates of Barcelona, Valencia, Jaca and other citles were opened for thou- sands of political and revolutionary hostages Incarcerated during the dictatorships of the last eight years, while crowds bolsterous- ly celebrated the death of the mon- archy and the birth of the republic Don Niceto Alcala Zamora, provis- lonal president of Spain, at once as sumed power. Born May 17, after the death of his father, Alfonso XII, Alfonso XIII automatically came the king of Spain. His mother, Queen Maria Christina, was appointed regent and ruled the country ereign until became when, according to Spanish tional law, he reached his and came into his full kingship. Ex-King Alfonso on 1886, six months bee #8 SOv- sixteen, constitu 1e Alfonso majority Alfonso my In favor of his son. The kihgdom an end. And Alfonso, i without Lloodshed, won himself a He did not have to take and scamper for his life. He went out of Spain in a dignified way, a in who feels that he has served his nation well and who knows himse of this last mark of consideration. It will be Int developments next few ernment has not been wholly ent-day democracy. In certain coun- tries, notably France, a republican government has functioned with ad- nirable stability. In others the tend- ency has been toward dictatorships. And the chief difference between a monarchy and a dictatorship Is that individual ability and dominanee, rather than accicent of birth, bring about the selection of the ruler. of abdicating of by for ide no bi uff unique honor, to his heels if worthy eresting to watch the Madrid during the foc the trend in gov- continent of Europe a victory for pres weeks, on the N ASREIING his duatles as viceroy to India, Lord Willingdon finds the country he more complex and in finitely more difficult to deal with than was the Dominion®of Canada. Instéad of having to handle 10,000,000 people with only two principal languages, the new governor general has 350,000,000 speaking 222 vernaculars, all crowded in a space about half the size of Can- ada. Lord Willingdon is facing a coun- try not only clamoring for the right to shape her own destiny but one be- set with acute racial and religious cleavages and animosities, with Hin. dus outnumbering Moslems by 3 to 1. To be sure, every viceroy has had this Moslem-Hindu communal prob lem to struggle with, Observers In India say it will always exist, as long as the Hindu worships the cow and the Moslem eats it, for it is the so- called desecration of this animal that causes most race riots, One of the few bright spots Lord Willingdon will find Is that the Na- tionalists are now at peace with the British government. Jut how long this will last depends on what measure of independence Gandhi secures when he goes to the second “round table” conference in London this summer. If increased remuneration and hon- ors are any compensation for the trials he must face, Lord Willingdon may find some satisfaction In the fact that his 350,000 salary as governor general of Canada Is doubled and his ex se allowance quadrupled. HE funeral of Nicholas Long- worth at Cincinnati vas attended by not. able men from all parts of the United States, all of them warm friends of the lato speaker of the house of representa. tives. President Hoo- ver laid aside press. ing public dutles to do honor to the memor of Mr. Longa Longworth Affectionate tributes from all parts of the world ald stress upon his at- tractive personality. These expres sions, and the high esteem manifested by the public and through the press, are n rich legacy of comfort to his family. Mr. Longworth's death has, of course, completely changed the course of events in the house. A struggle for the speakership would have occurred in any event, ybut It was taken for granted that Mr. Longworth would command all the votes of his party and thus held an even chance of win. ning the speakership, The Repub. leans wust ow choose a candidate for speaker, and he will face the dim. cult task of consolidating the entire party. Although a few Republicans had threatened to bolt, “Nick” Long Mrs. worth's personal popularity was such that a solid party vote was confidently expected to appear when needed. Now the would-be bolters may not be drawn into line by personal affection for the party leader. Archie Roosevelt, brother of Mrs Nicholas Longworth, said that his sis- ter “has never and will not seek po- litical office.” Roosevelt made this statement at the Longworth home and added that “my sister will of course go back to Washington where she has a resi. dence but Cincinnatl is her home and she intends to make It such in the future.” Further than this, he sald, Longworth has no future plans. This would seem definitely to set at rest rumors that Mrs. Longworth would be a candidate for her late husband's seat in congress. Go LOUIS I. Emmerson, con- trary vetoed repeal search Inws, which ha placed Illinois sixth | the col repealing Mrs. to expecta the bill for the of the Illinois and i The tions, of states thelr prolil- bition enforee uu had been enacted umn Gov. L. L. » State sen Emmerson twWo-vote 20 to he been 01 voted {fc vole hose e senate, wh would frankly admitte because of the the voters of rge majority, expressed the turn we 3 changed th n they voted referendum, by w Illinois, by a In their roval of Governor Em h the repealer, only hich app repeal, wever, left the Clause way open for alte "y I Ysind which he sald ations In would with his approval, ed in his repealer it to meet He declar that if velo message had continued a referendum provision “so that the people of the state, with the full knowledge of the consequences, could vote on wiping all state liquor legislation without regard to the Con. stitution of the United States. I should feel compelled to sign the bilL" the out [he governor asse rted that the ef. forts of Illinois “wets” to strike all prohibition laws from the statute books was nullificationism. HAIRMAN JAMES C. Stone of the federal board sald in a recent state. ment that Russian ace tivities In the dump- ing of wheat “were largely responsible for demoralizing the world market and necessitating a re- newal of the wheat stabilization opera- tions the middle of last November to pre vent further effects of that collapse from being felt in our own market.” That is to say, the Cumping of Rus sian wheat into the markets of Eu- rope at any price it would bring was largely the cause of that great se- cumulation of wheat in storage which now embarrasses the board and the market. That Russia was the main cause of that calamitous slump In wheat last November is a fact that Is not questioned by responsible author ities anywhere in the world. Yet little or none of this whent came to America. The tariff on wheat is practically prohibitive, even for Russia, And we can if we wish ef. fectively prevent the entry of any Russian products. That, however, will not enable us to escape the conse. quences of Russia's prodigious econ- omic program, the most extensive and the most audacious economic experi ment in the world's history. It need not touch us directly at any point but we cannot escape it, Russia is in a position to make the price In the world market, and it will not be a profitable price. Much the same situation is develop. ing in relation to lumber and ofl, Rus sia has a larger area of useful timber than any country in the world and as fast as it can, by forced labor, It is turning that timber into lumber In order to realize cash or eredit on it from its sales In the markets of the world, The, effect on lumber prices must be similar to that on wheat. The world of the established order has never been confronted by such an economic menace as Russia now pre. farn James C. Stone political menace. EF THE federal court at Evansville, Ind, Harry E. Rowbottom, former representative in congress of the First Indiana district, was convicted of ac cepting bribes from persons who sought post office appointments, The former congressman was sent. enced immeainiz™ by Judge Charles EB. Woodward to serve ne year and HT one day In Leavenworth penitentiary and was fined £2,000, In refusing a request to have the defendant placed on probation because of his physical condition and on the grounds that others involved in the post office deals were not indicted, Judge Woodward sald: “Respect for public office is lessened If they may be bought and sold. The offense of which this defendant nas been found guilty Is grave. 1 do not deem It necessary to impose the extreme penalty but the sentence must be of such a nature as to deter other congressmen from such practices.” The ex-congressman, testifying witness, told of receiving money from Job seekers, but insisted it came to him with expressions of sympathy over his unsuccessful campaign for re-election last November, as a SECRETARY or the Navy Adams ordered the cruiser Memphis from Guan- taaamo, Cuba, to a position near Nica. raguan waters for use if the rebel movement in Nicaragua should become serious. The gunboat Ashe ville started up the east const of Cen- tral America from the Canal Zone, received at Panama City of the Standard Fruit Steamship company at Cristobal sald United States marines were an aft large force at lLog- 08 rom ‘ahezas Is of Nica- San Ris0O Secretary Adams Advices by officials three killed of band town, ack by n the commissary ua, seven mi Puerto ( enstern coast Prinzag por 184 Dios Other win Fagot Ham J. Green « UTH NICHOLS, Rye aviatrix, set a new sp for women over a three-kilon course at Detroit (slightly two miles) wit Hes an hour, melia Es fous record of than less of iraart speed ut. 181.- prev 57 miles an hour, Miss Nic Vega plane altitude record cial course is flew h she set a woman's in March, in whic offi lald out near the flyin fleld. Harry H. &l Aerona the flight, aeronautics nl Migs Ni over the course a 1 the Knepper of the Nation- association, and RR. A, Leavell, another official, timed the race. wis made two round trips peed wns the utical r 1 average of the fo ti trips against timed hour, were the =» ind she T1 at 101.036 ar “02.814 miles an and with the wind times 21.825 and 226.880, * The only trix made was that ything par. ticular the flight” and the comment the avia “there wasn't an exciting about ROHIBITION DIRECTOR WOOD. cock announced a new high peak in federal prohibition enforcement for the month of March, with more ar rests and more automobiles seized than In any similar period since July. He declared It was “the best month the bureau has had since I took office neariy a year ago, Nothwithstanding the increased activity the courts more than kept up with ps There were 23. bH83 cases on the docket at the end of February and only 21.548 on April 1. “Further,” he claimed, “we have es- tablished a definite trend In these fig- ures showing that the average of fines is steadily decreasing while the aver. age of jall sentences has been steadily increasing In the nine months since prohibition enforcement was trans ferred from the Treasury to the Jus tice department.” DANGEROUSLY complicated situ. ation has arisen in the political situation de veloping In Europe, especinlly in connee- tion with the Austro. German tariff union and the forthcoming visit of the German chancellor and foreign minister to London for conferences with British ~~ government Aristide leaders, Briand Behind the official silence In various capitals many French observers saw important issues centering in the tarift agreement and in the Franco-Italian naval accord, which it was sald France Is attempting to drop because the gov- ernment was never fully convinced that it was profitable, France desires to remain on friendly terms with Britain, because Foreign Minister Aristide Briand has asked the British foreign secretary, Arthur Henderson, to use pressure on Germany to modify the tariff accord England next month, Briand has been placed In an ex. ceedingly embarrassing position be- cause of the possibility that he wifl be elected President "of the republie fn May, while Fe would prefer to eon. clude the naval accord with Italy by continuing his work at the Qual d'Or say. ’ i®, 1931, Western Newspaper Union.) Fertilizer for Best Production Average Plant Food Content Has Risen 50 Per Cent Since 1915. {Prepared by the United Bintes Department of Agriculture.) VNU Bervice Urging Ohio farmers t6 take advan- tage of the economies to be gained from the use of more concentrated fer- tilizers, A. L. Mehring of the United States Department of Agriculture, ap- pearing on the farm week program of the State university at Columbus, Ohlo, sald the average plant food con- tent In fertilizers has risen 50 per cent since 1015, from 12 per cent of ble nitrogen, phosphoric acid and pot- ash in the fertilizer bag to the pres. ent 18 per cent. Stressing the advantages of chang- Ing from less to more concentrated fer- tilizer, Mr. Mehring, who is a ferti- Hzer specialist of the bureau of chem- istry and solis, said: *“A ton of 4-164 fertilizer contains as much plant food as two tons of 2.8.2 yet the one ton of concentrated mixture costs from $5 to $10 less than two tons of mix. ture, which is half concentrated, He pointed out that in changing from low to high analysis fert farmers uld profit not only paying less per unit for but by reducing of freight, ing and application In the field, Profitable Mixtures. “The manufac ures,” gaid Mr. ring. “knows that mi from 20 to 40 pe sire more profitable the customer avall- the ns ilizer by plant food is Aiso thelr costs haul- Mehe xtures containing food gocn manuf Erous Avelving Fertilizers Discussing the appli { lizers, he said: “It isn crops, fert ble when plas the row For greatest profits, rate” He sald that a developed In the bureau soils for g but until the benefits of can be made qd util measurin available to ize simple be described with the al slides. Select and Breed Right Cows for Milk Machines ftalryman wi On the nee it ' kind of a cow tor In making mechanles lasting success, If there are « the herd that are defective, should not ex pect the milki to he the greatest SUCCess fective cows as an rmle are appearing cows, They should be from the herd. If such cows are kept herd, thelr offspring should not be continued, especially If these defects and habits of giving down milk, prove to be a dominant character and are transmit. ted to the progeny. One of the most Important things In this connection is to use great care In selecting a herd bull, The wise dalryman selects a bull that comes from large producing ancestors that is pure of blood and of good type. In addition, the female ancestors should have good nervous temperament, thould have well-.shaped mammary or gang, and should milk well. The male ancestors should be known to have daughters having milking characteris. tice that are suitable for mechanical milking. If hay Is scarce, feed the best of It to milking cows and young calves, Give the other stock the porer rough- ages supplemented by some grain. Early Planted Peas Some experiments conducted by the Maryland college prove quite conclu #vely that early planting is important In getting a good crop of peas. Sune cessive plantings were made at ten. day Intervals, starting at the earliest possible dates. Figures were kept and the experiment repeated. Invariably the later plantihgs ma. tured in less time than the preceding one and almost without exception the earlier the crop was planted the greats er was the yield. A St al RT Silage Essential Every stock keeper who wishes to feed well and make a profit, should have nll the silage that his animals will need. If he has sufficient land, he should have all the alfalfa, clover or legume hay he can use, and if there is more lind available, he could have some sweet clover pasture and pose #ibly a few acres of roots or soiling crops, Then If there Is still land left, some good corn for grain could be planted, and lastly, a supply of barley and oats, suee esatull leg ar i. is an ows in the owner ng machi Such Such ne de not gi culled OM} in the Healthy Chick Plan Sanitary Feed Hoppers Are Among First Essentials, (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture. )~-WNU Bervice, Poultry growers who follow the “grow healthy chicks” program #fd- vocated by state and federal author. ities not only have more eggs in the basket at the end of the year, but they have more money in the bank. H. L. S8hrader, extension poultry man of the United Department of Agriculture, cites records kept In Mis sourl to prove this claim, Flocks raised according rules of the healthy averaged 165 eggs Income over feed hen, while nary methods produced only per hen, with an income o difference In favor of healthy chicks” plan was 18 eggs 850 cents net Income per bird. The first rule Is to use clean eggs, which means those from flocks which are free from bacillary white diarrhea, The next rule is to use feed, the third sit calls attention the nepgd sanitary feed hoppers. Clean ground, to the poultrymen, is ground on which no poultry 8 been scattered nor any poultry allowed to range the previous year. The final rule is to geparate 3 special care can br + ny i aid alr i i ii pull States to the five chicks program hen with an of $2.00 ised under 147 f £1.80, per cost flocks ra The “Grow and the clean houses, Clean requi- to manure ha cockerels and pullets, so that els, Cleaning Gra in Gives Far mers s Half Mil lion 10,000 (0 were cleaned the agzrega The most of the vied ev in ¥ in. type inner } ret reased the =: weight of the grain, y e ~ £ : ty x 4 - neta aning improve many | ‘ leaning improved The the » or more grades net iin In market value of Mr. Black grain a £ more and the clean as ¥ “rt or rs 3 y than juarter million of the or screenings than £300,000, removed was more Properly Prepared Soil Is Suitable for Endive Any properly preg ared be nicely ‘11 % are wet they lHkely to rot. Endive will hard frost, and it Is usual to lift plants in fall, and set in a where they mats. The plants may shallow boxes and brought cellar for storage and blanching. Sulky Plow Hitch It should be kept in mind that any four-horse abreast hitch for a sulky plow with no horse on the plowed ground is bound to cause increased draft because of the tendency of the plow to run sideways. The tandem hitch, two horses In front and two behind, Is the only really satisfactory four-horse sulky plow hitch. One ean secure a leaflet on tandem hitches from the Horse Association of Amer fea, Union Stock yards, Chicago, for the asking. Don't forget winter and radishes in your seed order. * . - Order some of the new types of spinach and see what real spinach is » . - Start a patch of chives and multi plier onions to add to permanent veg. etable features, - - » Try some of the chinese cabbage, starting the seed early or wait until late turnip planting time. . La The “greens” so lavishly displayed in city markets this year are french dandelion and mustard. You can grow them very easily at home. ' * ® =» Keep the chicks growing. If there are any drooping their little wings and gitting around, look them over cares fully ; they may be troubled with lice, * . » Rallroad worms live over winter In the ground under the neglected tree by the fence. Cut it down. Sweet and early apple trees may serve ax traps for maggot eggs but the drops must be picked up and destroyed. Cot down those not located where this Sanitary measure may be taken. the frame under also be set in the may into To Marry the Man She Liked By JANE OSBORN 2249942220054 Si . ire Newspaper Syndicat » VT PPdPhPRPPP . (z 19 w OF COURSE Ted Farnsworth car ri watch—a very thin, ex- that his was ied a expensive watch mother had given him when he luated from cotlege and It usually five minutes way or of telling the right time, it with the jeweler for sever agions to find Was a8 gra came within one the other After leaving reguintion on at the tempermental as ever Ted idea of end of en up the carrying the exas about with him. From the ar dow In his office in the alwnys look in the iid # clock raper a where he there was city He C0 out on the enormaou lower on a8 grent sys And in Melville bis mother Way. now lived with Miss Day, Miss Day live the come i stallion fake Tans an in can here's heen rt. 10 rection our street a shade be who always sta fore 1 had the other di she's {to know be trusied ont in a rain sun was s! “It wns asked, “But my new red raincoat it so much that 1 just wore Don't like raincoats?” becoming more and more cob- vinced of the prettiness of Miss Day, stammered something to the effect that it the prettiest raincoat he had ever seen. Then as his companion sighed and said that it was very ime portant for her to be in her oifice be fore half past nine, a way out of the difficulty occurred to him. “1 can back and get my car” he sald, “and If you don't mind fast driving we can get in town in about three-quarters of an hour, We'll have to w ait fully an bour for the next train.” In spite of fast driving along crowd. ed roads Jim and Miss Day talked gaily all the way in that morning and he did not leave her until he had gained permission to call for her at five and drive hor home. He'd bave to take the car home, anyway. And that day he took his watch to a first rate jeweler's and secured the use of a guaranteed timepiece for the period required to put his own in perfect condition, One the way back that evening his companion complained again about ker difficulty In eatching her train now that her reliable neighbor was to be married, “1 don’t see what a girl nowadays wants to be married for, anyway” suggested Jim, “Every renson In the world,” was Miss Day's emphatic rejoinder. “That is, if she does really care for the man.” Jim had a solution to offer for her difficulty. He told her that he had = thoronghly reliable watch and that every day five nfinutes before it was time for him to start he would ele phone to her, And so nintters rested for a few months, Meantime Jim called frequent. iy at the house of the Days in the evening. Then one day without! preamble he reminded her of what she had sald abput getting married. “You sald a girl bad every reason in the world to want to be married if she really cared for the man. The Important thing then is this—do you really care for me-or could yo. possibly bring your self to do so? And Miss Day, looking very serious and pretty at the same time, sald thet she really belleved she cared a great deal for Jim already. wi you was or =0
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers